Makemake ʻoe e kamaʻilio me ka marten nui loa i ko mākou ʻāina? No laila e mālama pono i ka holoholona i kapa ʻia ʻo harza.

ʻO Kharza i ʻike ʻia ma lalo o nā inoa ʻē aʻe: Ussuri marten a ʻole marten paha i melemele. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia kēia holoholona mai nā mea ʻē aʻe o ka ʻohana marten ma o kona ʻoniʻoni ʻoni a me ke ʻano kino. ʻO wai kēia charza?

Harza Kauka

Hiki i ka nui o ka marts Ussuri ke hiki ke kokoke i 6 kilograms. Ke ulu nei ke kino o ka charza i ka lōʻihi e pili ana i 80 kenimika. Inā ʻoe e noʻonoʻo i ka huakaʻi 44-centimeter, a laila e piʻi ka nui o ka holoholona i 1 mika 24 centimeter.

Harza (Martes flavigula).

ʻO kahi holoholona i kapa ʻia ʻo Kharza he ʻano elongated a he kino muscular loa. He lōʻihi ka ʻāʻī o nā holoholona, ​​e kau ana kahi poʻo liʻiliʻi ma luna iho. ʻAʻole palulu ka ʻili, akā ʻaʻole i lawe ʻia kona lōʻihi. ʻO ka huluhulu o ka harza he huluhulu a me ka puʻupuʻu pōkole, a ʻo kona helehelena ua like ia me ka "lole" o kahi holoholona hihiu.

ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, no ka manuahi Lūkia, he nani loa kēia holoholona, ​​akā, eia kahi hoʻoponopono nani a ʻoluʻolu hoʻi i ka manawa lōʻihi. He ʻokoʻa nā ka ʻāina aboriginal o Kharza.

Hoʻaiho

Noho ʻo Kharza ma waena o Asia Hema, ma Siberia Komohana a me nā Urals. Hiki ke loaʻa ma nā Mokupuni nui, ka Penikala Malacca, ma nā kahawai o nā Himalaya ma kahi kiʻekiʻe o ka 3,5 a 6000 mau mika ma luna o ke kai kai, ma ka hema a me ka hikina o Kina, a me Korea a me ka Far East ma Russia.

ʻO ka mea e noho ana i kahi o Ussuri taiga, ʻo Kharza i kapa ʻia ʻo Ussuri marten. Loaʻa iā ia ma ka Caucasus, Belarus a me Moldova. ʻOi aku ka mea e mālama pono ai e noho i nā wahi i loaʻa i ka ulu lāʻau kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe.

ʻO ka poʻe koa wiwo ʻole a me ka hopu

Alakaʻi ʻo Kharza i kahi ola nomadic, e ʻimi mau ana i ka pio. I ka wā paʻakikī i ka hoʻoilo, hiki i ka mea wānana ke lanakila i kahi ala 20 km i kahi lā. I ke kauwela, hoʻonui nui ka lōʻihi i ka manawa like. Kahi neʻe ka neʻe ʻana a me ka helu pōkole pono i ka neʻe o ka mauna e like me ka mea paʻa i hiki ke mākaukau, a hiki ke wikiwiki a lōʻihi hoʻi i ka holo mua ʻana, ka lele, inā pono, mai ka lāʻau a i ka lāʻau a hiki i 9 m.

Hoʻopau ka wāwae wikiwiki i ka neʻe ʻana i ka hau nani ʻole me ka hāʻule ʻole. ʻAʻohe o kēia mau holoholona i kahi e noho mau ai, no laila, inā pono, hoʻomaha i ka puʻu makani, nā puhaka a me nā pihi i waena o nā pōhaku.
Holo wale ʻo Harza i kekahi manawa, akā hui pinepine ka holoholona i nā liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi e pili ana i 5 mau mea pākahi, e kahele ʻana i nā kuleana ma waena o lākou i ka wā o ka hopu. Ke neʻe nei i loko o kahi kaulahao, 10 mau mika mai kēlā me kēia, lākou, e like me nā ʻimi manu maoli, e kaʻi aku i ka mea pio i kahi hoʻomohala, kamaʻilio pū me ke kōkua o kahi ʻano ʻili. I ka manawa like ia, ke kali nei nā lālā ʻē aʻe o ka pūʻulu i koho ʻia i ka mea hoʻohālua. No ka laʻana, ʻo ka hoʻoilo ka mea e hoʻolalelale ai nā pūkuniahi i ka ʻaka musk i loko o ka hau, kahi e haki ai ka nui o ka mea pōʻino a lilo i mea ʻole ʻole. Ka hoʻokipa ʻana i ka ʻanekima musk, lele ka ʻohana hipa i ka pau ʻole o kekahi mea i hoʻopau ʻia no kekahi manawa a peʻe paha i kona koena.

ʻO nā mea kanu o nā Ussuri marten

E makemake ʻo Harza i ka ʻai ʻana i nā ʻukena me nā rodents. Mai haʻalele i ka kalima. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻouka i nā holoholona nui i ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o kona nui: nā ʻīlio raccoon, sables, roe deer, musk deer, nā ʻōpio kolohe. Mālama pū ʻo ia i nā manu a me nā luna liʻiliʻi o ka fauna. ʻO ka ʻona i nā iʻa ma ka wai make.

I ke kauwela, makemake nui ia i ka ʻai ʻana i nā hua kanu a me nā mea kanu, keʻakeʻa i nā hua a me nā hua. ʻO ka marten melemele he aloha nui ia o ka meli a me nā meli. E unuhi i ka meli ma o ka ʻōlohelohe i nā nuna o nā nahele ulu ma ke ʻano kumu, i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i kona huʻu i loko o ka hive, a kuʻi.

ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona o ka hoʻohālikelike a me ka hana pilikino

Pau ka wā rutting i ka hoʻomaka o ʻAukake. Noho ka wahine ma kahi o 4 mahina. Ma kēia manawa ʻoi aku ka kokoke o ka hānau keiki ʻana, ʻimi ʻo ka makuahine e hūnā iā ia a me nā pēpē i nā kihi mamao o ka ulu lāʻau, i kūkulu ʻia e ka pā a me ka nui o nā peku nā mea paʻa ʻole. Eia kahi hoʻonohonoho ʻo ia i kahi lua i hānau ʻia ai nā keiki he 2 a 5.

Ulu ka makuahine a hānai i nā mania wale, e aʻo ana iā lākou i nā hana hopu. ʻAʻohe kāne e lawe i kekahi hapa i kā lākou hana hānai a me ka hānai ʻana. Noho ka poʻe ʻōpio me ko lākou makuahine a hiki i ke kahawai aʻe.
ʻAʻole hiki ke kālai ʻia ʻo Harza i kapa holoholona. Ma hope o ka haʻalele ʻana i ka makuahine, noho mau ka ʻōpio makua no kahi manawa lōʻihi. Ke ʻimi nei kēlā mau pēpē a hoʻomaha pū. Akā ʻo ka poʻe i ulu a hoʻoikaika i nā cubs e koho i ko lākou ala a neʻe ka ʻohana.

Hoʻohui like nā poʻe pākeke no ka huki pinepine ʻana i nā hoa male, i hoʻokumu ʻia no ke ola. ʻOiaʻiʻo, hoʻomaha lākou i ka kaʻawale, ʻoiai lākou e hoʻāʻo e kokoke i kekahi. Me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka pūnāwai, hoʻomaka lākou e ʻimi wale.
Ke manaʻoʻiʻo ia nei ka Ussuri marten i hōʻeha aku i nā kānaka ma o ka ʻū ʻana i ka banekeke, ka musk a me nā mea ʻē aku. Eia nō naʻe, lawe mai ka charza i nā pōmaikaʻi nui, hoʻopau iā rodents.
ʻOiai ka manaʻo ʻole o kēia ʻānela mālamalama, ʻaʻohe ona kumu kūlohelohe, he mea liʻiliʻi a ua loaʻa i loko o kona nohona. ʻO ka hoʻopulapula a me ka holomua o ka moʻomeheu e pili ana i ke ʻano e pili ana i kēia, no laila, ʻo ka charza ma ke ʻano holoholona, ​​kahi o kāna helu helu i helu ʻia, i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka International Red Book a me ka Red Book of Russia.

He mea ʻai maikaʻi a me nā ʻano o ka marts Ussuri

ʻOiai ka pili ʻana o ka holoholona i ka ʻohana o marten, ʻaʻole ia o kekahi o nā mea e māʻona a me nā holoholona liʻiliʻi, nā pepeke a me nā huaʻala. Musk deer, kahi ungulate liʻiliʻi, lilo pinepine ia i ka waiwai o ka charza. Auwē hoʻi i ka wī musk miskin, inā i hoʻoholo ka ʻohana holoʻokoʻa o Ussuri marten e alualu iā ia: a laila ʻaʻole palekana.

Ma kahi o nā kīʻaha mai nā aʻa musk deer, ua hoʻonohonoho ka charza i ka pāʻina momona no ka pono ʻana mai ka sables, pheasants, ka pā i ka hazel, nā pou, nā hares, ka puaʻa puaʻa a me nā kāʻei. Mai nā meaʻai kanu, makemake ka marten i nā nati mai nā pine pine a me nā ʻano like ʻole.

ʻO ka huelo o ka harza e hana i ka hoʻohui kūlike.

Akā ʻaʻole i kaupalena ʻia kēia mea ʻai o ka charza: aia kekahi hewa hūnā i kēia mau holoholona - hoʻomana lākou i ka meli. No kēia, loaʻa i nā kānaka o Kharza ka inoa o kahi ʻīlio honi. Pehea lākou e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i kēia, nīnau ʻoe? Me kā lākou huelo lōʻihi - kāpī pololei lākou i ka hive, kāʻili iā ia i ka meli, a laila kikoo i kā lākou momona ʻoliʻoli me ka leʻaleʻa.

Mea waiwai no ka poʻe

Kuhi iki kēia mau holoholona i ke nānā aku, alakaʻi lākou i ke ʻano kūpono o ka poʻe, no laila ʻaʻole kaʻai ka poʻe. A no ke aha lā - ma hope o nā mea a pau, kharza fur i ʻole o ka waiwai kūikawā: ua palaka a no laila ʻaʻole i hoʻopiʻi ʻia.

Inā loaʻa ʻoe i kahi hala, e koho i kahi ʻāpana a me ka paʻi Ctrl + Kākau.