ʻAeke Māmalia (Mamali)

Kiʻekiʻena: ʻO Theria (Viviparous mammals, nā holoholona maoli)

Moulou Placentalia (Placental, Higher Beasts)

Mokuhi / Kauoha: Pohaku (Rodent)

Kauoha / Kauoha: Rodentia (Hehele)

Mokuhi / Kauoha: Paulina (Mouse-like)

Kekaha: Muroidea (Mice)

Ohana: Cricetidae (Hamster, a Hamster paha)

Lāpala: Kalikia (Hamsters)

Kāhea: Mesocricetus (Nā Waihoʻa Waihona)

Nānā: Loaʻa Mesocricetus brandt (Brandt Hamster)

Noho ia ma Asia - puʻu mauna a ma kekahi ʻāpana o nā ʻaoʻao kiʻekiʻe o ka Western (komohana Iran, Turkey), Asia Minor a me Transcaucasia. Hiki ke loaʻa i loko o ka hema hema Ciscaucasia ma kekahi mau pā awāwa a me nā aweke o Dagestan ma ka hema a me ka hikina o ka muliwai. Sulaka. ʻē aʻe). Nui nā mea i loaʻa i nā wahi o nā kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻAlau Kaukaona, ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo kona ʻaoʻao komohana a me ke komohana ʻākau, ma Nagorno-Karabakh a me nā kuamoʻo o ka Nakhichevan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic a me Talysh.

ʻO ka nui ke piʻi aku i 15 cm, ʻī ka lōʻihi a hiki i 3.9 cm.

Kāleka luna ma ke kaona brownish-fawn, ke poʻo hau i ka uliuli, ka wahi i ka melemele keokeo, ka pili me nā kua-ʻamo, ka ʻōpū mai ke keʻokeʻo a hiki i ka māhu, ʻeleʻele-hina, ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele ma ka umauma ma waena o nā forelegs.

He mau ʻāpana pipi.

Hōʻele ʻia kēia mau hamsters, nā mea e ola ai i nā kūlana mehu, no laila e hoʻopau lākou i kahi wai liʻiliʻi, ua hoʻoikaika nui ʻia i ka pō.

Kahi aupuni, e mālama ʻia e hoʻokahi wale nō.

ʻAʻole lākou e launa pū me kahi kanaka.

ʻO ka nui ʻO nā cages no ka hamt Brandt liʻiliʻi a ma kahi o 50x30 cm, e like me ka hiki. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi e hoʻohana i ka pā hale hoʻokahi, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka waiho ʻana i ka palaoa a i ʻole ka hoʻopiha lāʻau paha ma lalo, pono ʻoe e loaʻa i kahi huila, kahi hale, nā lāʻau lāʻau mai nā lāʻau hua no ka hana ʻana i nā niho, nā minerala a me nā pōhaku paʻakai. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o nā mea hānai ʻelua no ka meaʻai maloʻo a maloʻo, kahi kī inu inu. Hiki iā ʻoe ke kau i ka ʻōpala a i kāwele keʻokeʻo paha i ka hale.

Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻokuʻu i ka hamster ma ka papahele i kahi pōkole hele kūikawā.

ʻĀnō ke ola 2 makahiki.

I ka manu hihiu, ʻo kā Brandt hamster e ʻai i nā hua, nā mea kanu like ʻole a me nā mea hihiu liʻiliʻi.

Ma ka home, ʻo ke kumu o ka meaʻai o kēia mau hamsters e pono ke kāwili maikaʻi i ke ʻano kiʻekiʻe - ʻo ke koho ʻana o ka ʻai i nā hale kūʻai holoholona he nui. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohui i ka gammarus maloʻo, ʻokiʻoki o nā kaloti, nā ʻalā, nā ʻula, ka lime, ka palaoa, nā beets, nā greens dandelion, nā kukama i ka hānai.

Kūleʻa i ka overeating.

Waʻai liʻiliʻi ke ola.

E alakaʻi i kahi nohona nocturnal.

ʻAʻole pili loa.

ʻO ka pinepine o nā mea, hele i ka hamsters mai ka ʻai nui - pono pono ʻoe e mālama pono i ka helu o ka hānai i ka pahu o ka hānai.

Hiki ke loaʻa ʻo Ectoparasites - kahi ʻimi - ua hoʻopiʻi maikaʻi ʻia lākou me ke kōkua o kahi puna o ka lālani ma ka malo.

No ka hoʻouluulu, pono ʻoe e kanu i kahi male (hamsters), hānai ʻia nā mākua makua 2 mau manawa i ka makahiki a hiki ke ʻae ʻia ka mare ʻana ma ka makahiki he 4 mau makahiki. ʻO ka brood maʻamau 12-15 mau hamed makapō hamna e ulu wikiwiki ana.

Nānā ʻano

E like me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe o ka ʻohana Khomyakov, ʻo ka Brandt hamster i loaʻa kekahi mau hiʻohiʻonaʻokoʻa o ke ola, ka hiʻohiʻona, e ʻae ʻia i ka helu ʻana i ka like. Ma mua o kou kiʻi ʻana i ka hamster, pono e hoʻoholo ʻo ia he mea nū purebred kēia. No kēia kumu, he mea nui e koi i kekahi mau palapala mai nā mea kīwī e hōʻoia ana i ka hoʻomaka o ka holoholona.

Hoʻaiho

I ka nahele, noho ka hapanui o nā pēpē i Turkey, Israel, Lebanona, a me ka Ciscaucasia hikina. Ma kēia mau wahi, kūkulu nā holoholona i ko lākou mau home ma nā pālahalaha anuʻu. Noho ka nui, noho lākou i kahi mamao loa mai nā ʻōpala i nāhelehele mauʻu, nā mākaʻu kuahiwi, a me ka ʻāina i kanu ʻia e ke kanaka. Ma nā wahi me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa kiʻekiʻe a me ka humuhumu, ʻike ʻole ʻia nā holoholona.

Loaʻa i ka manawa pinepine e loaʻa iā lākou ma nā keʻena o Transcaucasia a me ʻĀsia Komohana. Eia, makemake paha nā rodents e noho kokoke i nā mahi cereal e kū ana ma nā kuahiwi kuahiwi. No kēia kumu, pinepine nā poʻe mahiʻai e hānai iā lākou i hoʻonohonoho i nā heiʻe ma luna o ka hamster, a loaʻa iā lākou. Hoʻohālikelike ka nui o lākou i nā pōpoki mahiʻai, ʻoiai inā lawa ka ʻai, ʻaʻole nā ​​keiki i ka powa i ka lāʻau i hana ʻia e nā kānaka.

Kāleka

ʻO Rodents, e like me nā poʻe ʻē aʻe mai ka ʻohana Khomyakov, loaʻa kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona e pili ana i ka helehelena. E pili ana kēia:

• kino, e hiki ana i ka lōʻihi he 18 kenimika,
• ka hele ana o kahi huelo, 3 kenimika lōʻihi,
• kaupaona hōʻemi ma ka 296 kākā
• mau pepeiao pepeiao liʻiliʻi
• pale uliuli-ʻona o ke kino o luna, nā ʻeleʻele-hina i ka ʻōpū, ka hele ʻana o kahi wahi ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā forelegs,
• ka hele ʻana o nā paw hoke keʻokeʻo, kahi i hōʻike ʻia e ka holomua hirless.

E like me nā rodents ʻē aʻe, aia nā pōpoki i nā ʻola pipi. Mai lākou ia e pālahalaha ana i ke kinikini ʻelua mauʻu ʻeleʻele, e hoʻokaʻawale ana i ke poʻo i ʻelua ʻāpana, e hoʻolalaha ʻia ma mua o ke kāʻei poʻohiwi. I ka hoʻoilo, ua uluhua ka kala hulu, no laila ua ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o nā mea wī e loaʻa nā holoholona i waena o ka uhi o ka hoʻoilo.

Ke noho maʻamau

ʻO ka hamster o Brandt, e like me nā poʻomanaʻo o ka ʻohana Khomyakov, makemake e hana i ka pō. ʻO ka lōʻihi o kona ola i ka hihiu i ka haʻalele ʻole o nā hopena waho maikaʻi i hiki i nā makahiki ʻelua. ʻAʻole noho nā Rodents i nā hui, nā koloni. Ma hope o ka moe ʻana, haʻalele ka kāne i ka wahine; ʻaʻole lākou pili i ka hoʻonaʻauao o nā keiki.

I ka hoʻoilo, he hamernate maʻamau ka hamsters. Hoʻohana pinepine kēia kaʻina hana i ka hopena o ʻOkakopa - hoʻomaka mua o Nowemapa a kū mau i nā lā mua o ʻApelila. Aia koke ka wela mua o ka pūnāwai, ala mai nā keiki a puka i waho. Kūkulu ʻia ka lā hānau o ka rodents e like me kēia: hiamoe lākou i ʻelima a ʻehiku mau lā, a laila e ala no ala i kekahi mau lā, ʻāwili a puni ko lākou mau lua, ʻai i ka lako kīʻaha.

ʻ diglelo i nā holoholona Mink lōʻihi, akā he hoʻokahi puka lākou a i waho. I loko o ka lua he nui o nā lālā. I kekahi o lākou e hiamoe ana ka holoholona, ​​ma kekahi, mālama ʻo ia i ka meaʻai, ʻokaʻī. Eia kekahi, pono e loaʻa ka lua i loko o ka lua kahi i mālama ʻia ai ka mauʻu, me ka hoʻohui ʻia o nā keiki, ʻehā.

Kauʻai

ʻO ke kumu kumuʻai o ka ʻai rodent ua kūkulu ʻia i nā kōpuna o nā mea kanu a me nā huaʻai. Hoʻohana pinepine lākou e mālama i nā hua, nā mane, nā pīni a me ka palaoa. ʻO ka pinepine ka loaʻa ʻana o kēia hana i ka wā e noho ana nā hamsters ma kahi o ke kīleʻa i hānai ʻia e nā kānaka. No lākou kekahi poʻe maʻa aku a makemake ʻia, a no laila e hoʻāʻo e hōʻuluʻeu i ka nui e like me ka hoʻoilo. I ka pūnāwai a me nā mahina o ke kauwela, ʻai pū nā pēpē i nā pepeke, o kā lākou pili.

ʻAno hānau

Loaʻa nā wahine maikaʻi i ka wahine, mākaukau no ka male ʻana, ma ka honi. Ma ka hanana ʻana, ma ke ala iā ia, ua hālāwai lākou me nā mea hoʻokūkū, e hoʻokūkū paha ka hakakā. Eia kekahi, inā hui ke kāne i nā wahine he nui i ke ala i kahi pahuhopu, mākaukau no ka lulu, e hoʻokō ʻo ia ma kāna ʻano "conjugal". Manaʻo, hoʻomaka ka wā kanu i ka lā o ʻApelila a hoʻopau iā ʻOkakopa.

Hiki i ka wahine hānai a hiki i nā lā 22. Hiki i nā keiki he 20 i ka hiehū, i hoʻouna ʻia i kā lākou ʻai iho i ka malama mua o ke ola. ʻO nā mea wale nō i hānau ʻia ma mua o ka pua hānau e hoʻomaka me ka overwinter me ko lākou makuahine. Pēlā i ʻike ʻole ʻia ka make o nā pēpē, ʻoiai, e ulu ana, ua hoʻomaka lākou e hakakā i waena o lākou iho, e hoʻokūkū ana no ka ʻai a me ke āpau. I hoʻokahi wā hoʻoulu, hiki i ka wahine ke hāpai a ulu mai nā ʻelua a ʻehā paha litters.

He ʻano maikaʻi nā wahine wahine no ka mālama pono ʻana i kā lākou keiki. Manaʻo nā kāne nui ʻaʻole e hopu i nā maka o nā hamster hāpai, ʻoiai hele a lilo loa i ka huhū, hiki ke hoʻouka i ka ʻenemi inā ʻaʻole lākou makemake i kāna ʻano hana a i ʻole ka honi āna e hoʻomalaha aku nei. Hoʻohana nui ka Hamsters i nā lau ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me ka waiū waiū.

ʻO ka hamster o Brandt i ka home e pono ai kahi mālama. No laila, nui ka pā. ʻO ia wale nō ka noho ʻana ma laila, inā ʻaʻole ʻo ia ke hakakā me kahi hoalauna, ʻaʻole hiki i ke kumu wale nō ke make, akā, hoʻokuʻi ʻia nō hoʻi nā kūlana kaumaha e paʻakikī i ka ʻāpono i ka rodent. Pono ka haleʻa i ka nui o nā lako hana no ka rodent e hoʻokau i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa kino, a me ke kauoha no e hoʻoulu i kahi ʻānai, inu kīʻaha, kaʻai a me ka hale. He mea nui ia e hana i kahi hoʻokolokolo o kēlā me kēia lā i ke pēpē e hiki ai ke hoʻoholo i ka manawa o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā maʻi like ʻole a me nā maʻi like ʻole e hiki ke hoʻopilikia i ka manaʻolana o ke ola o nā pēpē. Pono kā lākou ʻai i ka home e kaulike, e hoʻopiha i nā huaʻala lāʻau hou. Ma ka mālama pono a kūpono, nā hamsters pio e noho a ʻekolu a hiki i ʻehā mau makahiki.

ʻActerlelo ola a me ke ʻano

Hoʻohui pū ʻia nā Burrows i nā kolone, ʻaʻole i pale i ka hamsters a Brandt i ka waiho ʻana i nā neʻe inveterate: noho kaʻawale nā ​​kāne a me nā wahine ma waho o ka wā hana. Ma ka ʻāpana o nā hamsters, aia i ke alakaʻi mau, ka mana nui e lawe pinepine ʻia e ka wahine. ʻO nā waiwai Hamster, ʻoiai me nā wahi nui, ua kau ʻia ma luna o kēlā me kēia, no ka mea e waiho nei nā hoalauna i nā lua paʻa i ka hola, e hoʻāʻo ʻia ʻole e hālāwai. No laila, mai 25-30 mau mea noho e noho kokoke ana, i ka manawa like, ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ma mua o ʻekolu mau kaiāulu. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia kahi ʻāina pilikino me kahi mea huna mai ka lepa i kū ma ka ʻū.

Kūleʻa nā pua kuahiwi, nā puʻuwai a me nā kuahiwi. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka lepo, ka hohonu a me nā paʻakikī i ka neʻe: i loko o kahi lepo malū, a hiki i 10 m ka lōʻihi a ʻo 2 m ka hohonu. ʻO nā mākele i hoʻolako ʻia me kahi lumi luna, kahi lumi mālama a me ka latrine. Hoʻopili pinepine ʻia ka palekela me ka ʻāina, a ʻo ka hamsters e kūkulu i kahi hou. ʻO ka hamster a Brandt ke puʻupuʻu a lohi, akā, no ka huli ʻana i nā nohona kūpono, hiki iā ia ke hana i nā lōʻihi lōʻihi.. ^ E Ha yM. Me ka weliweli o waho, ua heʻe ʻole ia e holo. Ke hoʻāʻo nei e hoʻokau i waho o ka lua, ka uʻi ka hamster me ka huhū, lele i waho o ka uhi a hoʻopaʻa iā ia e hopu i ka mea lawehala, e hoʻopuka pū i kahi aʻala a pololei.

He hoihoi! ʻO ke koʻokoʻo, ua paʻa i ka pūhaka, ʻūhā ka ʻūhā, hoʻomāloe i nā ʻeke pipi, hoʻopili i kona mau niho a ʻōwili koke i kona mau wāwae mua, e ʻimi nei e hopu i ka ʻenemi me kāna mau puʻupuʻu (e ʻohi a e huki paha no kahi meaʻeha).

I ka hoʻoilo, hoʻohiki ka Transcaucasian hamsters, kahi a ka lōʻihi o ka palena i hōʻike ʻia e ke kiʻekiʻe o kahi. Hoʻomaka ka hānau ʻana me ka poma mua o ke ao, ʻo ia ke kumu e hoʻomāliʻi ʻia ai ke kaʻina hana mai ʻOkakopa a hiki i Dekemaba. Hoʻopau ka hamster o Brandt i kahi hiamoe hiamoe - e ala ʻo ia i kēlā me kēia wā hoʻoilo hoʻoilo. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka hānau ʻana e like me ka puka, a hāʻule ka wā maʻamau i ka hopena o Pepeluali - ʻApelila

Ehia mau hamsters Brandt ola

Noho nā mea ola o nā ʻano a he 2 mau makahiki, hoʻoulu hou i nā manawa 2-3 i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā wahine i hānau ʻia i ka pūnāwai ma ka wā lohi, hānau ʻia nā keiki (4 a 20 mau huaole).

Pahu ka haki ana i nā lā 16-17 mau lā, e kuhi ana i ke ʻano o nā hamsters makapō, ʻaʻole i pale iā lākou i ka hoʻoulu ʻana ʻana i ka meaʻai me nā wahi iki ma hope iki. ʻO nā holoholona ʻōpio, me nā kāne subdominant a wahine nui hoʻi, loaʻa ke kūʻokoʻa ma kahi o 50 mau lā a e noho pū no kekahi manawa. A hiki i nā makahiki 70, ua wāwahi ke kaiāulu.

Hoʻoponopono maikaʻi i ke ʻano

Hōʻailona ka ʻāpana Almond (testes) i ka perineum, i kū ʻia ma ka lā 35-40, e haʻi i ka moe o ka hamole Transcaucasian. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, he paʻakikī lākou e hoʻokaʻawale i waena o nā ʻōpio'ōpio, a me nā mea e hōʻeha nei i ka cryptorchidism.

Nui! Maikaʻi ka wahine ma ke ʻano o ka urethra a me ke anus: i ka wahine, kokoke ke anus i ka pūpū, aʻo nā kāne ʻelua nā wā e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e ka wahi i ulu ai ka lauoho. Inā loaʻa ka lua hoʻokahi, he wahine nō ʻoe.

Eia kekahi, ua uhi piha ka ʻōpū o ka kāne i ka huluhulu a hoʻonani ʻia i loko o ke kaena me ka pāpaʻalono pali, a ʻo ka wahine he hapa o ia ʻano, akā i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me nā lālani 2 o nā ʻāpana.

ʻO Habitat, noho

ʻO ka hamster Transcaucasian, e like me ka inoa e hōʻike nei, noho nui ʻo ia i nā wahi i ke kuahiwi / puʻuwai o Transcaucasia (Armenia a me South Georgia), Dagestan, a me Asia Minor. He mea maʻamau nā Rodents ma ka Eastern Ciscaucasia, Lebanona, ʻIseraʻela a me Turkey.

ʻO ka laulā o Brandt Hamster e uhi ai i nā ʻāpana ʻāina a me nā pae akua i kahi kiʻekiʻe o 0.3–3 km ma luna o ke kai. Me nā ʻīlio (mauna a me ka ʻamoahi), koho ʻia ka rodent i ka mauʻu ʻōpiopio-like-grass / grass-wormwood. Hoʻohui pinepine ka hūlū hua ʻai. Ma ka laulā, makemake nui nā holoholona i nā wahi ʻele a papaʻi paha i kahi o nā mānoanoa.

Hoʻomaʻamaʻa maikaʻi kēia ʻike i ka hoʻokau maikaʻi. Hoʻohana maʻalahi nā hamsters i nā lima, ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻōlelo ʻia e pili ana i nā pākeke. ʻO ka lua, i hoʻokahi manawa ma ke kīwī mai ke kūlohelohe, ʻaʻole pinepine hiki ke hoʻonui, no laila no ka hoʻoulu ʻana e pono ʻoe i nā poʻe ʻōpio hou. Loaʻa iā ia ka mea nona ka mea nona, ka lanakila o ka Transcaucasian hamidity i loaʻa i ka noho palani i loaʻa i nā rodents liʻiliʻi a mālama maoli i kahi hale hou.

Hoʻopiha ʻana i nā cell

No ka mea nui ka hamster a Brandt, pono ia e koi i kahi hale ākea (ma kahi o 40 * 60 cm) me nā koʻokoʻo, ʻo ka waenakonu ma waena o ka 5-6 mm.

E hana e like me ka noho ʻana i loko o kahi hale paʻahao, hoʻopiha ʻia me nā ʻano:

• hānai (hana ʻia i ke aniani ākea a ceramaha paha).
• hale (maʻamau plastic),
• kahe ʻāomi (nipple) kīʻaha inu,
• wili paʻa
• keila
• nā pāʻani pāʻani (hiki ke kāleka)
• mineral mineral
• kihi kīwē me ka hoʻopiha.

Nui! Ke ke koho ʻana i ka nui o ka hale, e hoʻomanaʻo e pili ana i ka hamster, ʻoiai me nā ʻeke pipi i ʻoki ʻia, hiki ke komo maʻalahi i loko. Hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka lihi o ka hale, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, ʻaʻole ia e lele i kahi maka i hiki ʻole ʻia.

Ke holo nei i kahi huila / kāpae e hoʻopakele i kahi holoholona mai ka hana a ke kino a me ka momona: kahi hamster e holo ana a 10 mau hola i ka pō. Kuhi ʻia ka tray ma ke kihi, hana ʻo ia i ka rodent e hele ai i laila mai ka wā kamaliʻi. ʻAʻole hiki i ka hale kahu ke hana me ka pale ʻole - ka hohonu hohonu, ke ʻano ʻole o ka lepo i waho o ka pā. Kuhi ʻia nā ʻili lāʻau ma lalo.

Nā maʻi male

ʻAʻole pili ʻia nā hamster o Brandt i nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole i nā maʻi maʻamau i loaʻa i loko o nā hamster home āpau. ʻO nā maʻi maʻamau loa:

• nā maʻi ʻeha o ka pāheʻe ʻana a i ʻole - kau i ke koʻokoʻo ka lethargic, hoʻāinu mau a me ka wā pinepine iā urinates (i kekahi manawa me ka ʻeha a me ke koko),
• ʻōpiopio - piha ka maʻi me nā hopena, ʻoiai e pili ana i ka hana o ka ʻōnaehana cardiovascular. Hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā mea kanu kāloli kiʻekiʻe loa mai ka meaʻai, hoʻohuli iā lākou me nā greens, hua a me nā mea kanu,
• anuanu - ke kumu hypothermia a maʻi ʻole (pinepine ʻia mai ka maʻi maʻi),
• ke kanal - ka puka ʻana ma muli o ka ʻai nui ʻana i nā lau ʻai ʻona a i ʻole kahi loli loli i ka mea ʻai,
• constipation - hele mai ma muli o ka nele o ka wai a i ʻole ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka meaʻai maloʻo. Me ka constipation, emi ke koʻokoʻo, a ua hoʻemi ʻia ka nui o nā litter i loko o ka hale paʻahao.
• ʻeha nā wāwae - hōʻeha pinepine nā hamsters i nā manamana a me ka huelo, e hāʻule ana mai kahi kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole paʻa paha i ka holo. Hoʻopili ʻia nā mea ʻai i kā lākou kaolua ʻana, a me ka waiū, ka palaoa a me nā pōpō no nā ʻīlio i hoʻohui ʻia i ka papaʻaina.

Mālama, mālama pono

Hoʻokomo ʻia ka luae i loko o kahi lua i ka makemake, akā e hoʻopili e hoʻopili ʻia me kahi ʻauʻau one, pono e kūʻai ʻia ia ma ka hale kūʻai holoholona (ʻo ia ka mea kēia ke one no ka chinchillas). ʻO ka ʻauʻau pono ka palaka, ceramika a iʻa paha. ʻO nā hamsters a Brandt, e like me ke koena o nā hamsters, ʻaʻole e ʻauʻau (e kiʻi i ka anuanu, e maʻi a maʻi a make hoʻi mai kēia). Hoʻomoʻa ʻia ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe mai ka lepo a me nā palaʻai i waho me ke kōkua o ke one.

Hoʻokahi manawa i ka hebedoma, pono ia e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka pāne hamster me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā huahana palupalu (non-toxic), e like me ka inu ʻana i ka papa ʻai palaoa, i ka wā e holoi ai. He mea maʻamau ia e hoʻonohonoho i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i nā wai i kēlā me kēia mahina.Pau ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ka hoʻi ʻana i ka pā o kahi paʻa o ka "kahiko" hoʻopiha me ka honi o kahi rodent kaila - pono kēia no ka maluhia o ka holoholona.

ʻO ka wehewehe a Rodent

ʻO nā Hamsters he mau iwi liʻiliʻi me ka wāwae wāwae, nā pepeiao liʻiliʻi a me nā wāwae puʻupuʻu liʻiliʻi. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino mai ka 5 a hiki i ka 34 cm, ka hiku o ka lōʻihi mai 0.7 a 10 cm. Hiki i nā wahine ke ʻoi aku ka nui o nā kāne i ka nui. ʻO ka hulu ka hulu, ʻōmaʻomaʻo ka hope mai ka ashen a brownish-hina hoʻi i ka ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula-ocher. Aia ka ʻōpū ma ke ʻano heʻeleʻele, keʻokeʻo a ʻeleʻele paha. Ma ke kua aia kahi kukuna ʻeleʻele. ʻOkoʻa nō nā Hamsters mai nā ʻano lāʻau ʻē aʻe i loko o nā pale i kālai ʻia a maikaʻi.

Nā hiʻohiʻona hanohano Hamster

No Hamsters no nā rodents omnivorous, akā he mea nui ka mea kanu i kā lākou meaʻai. Eia kekahi, hānai nā hamsters i nā mea iniketi a me kā lākou huaʻaleʻa, nā vertebrates liʻiliʻi (mice, reptiles a me amphibians). I ka wā o ka wā hemo, e hoʻohuli lākou i nā hua a me nā kūleʻa, a mālama pū lākou iā lākou i ka nui mai ka 0.5 a 11-16 kg. I kekahi manawa ua hōʻea nā pantras o nā hamsters me nā huaahi o nā ʻala a me ka ʻuala i 90 kg. Lawe pū ka ʻupala i ka palaoa, ka pī, ka laiki, ka millet, ka buckwheat, lupine, palaoa, lentils, ʻuala i ka pantini, ka ʻili ʻana i nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole. ʻAno ka hamster i kēia mau papa wai i ka hoʻoilo, ke kū koke nei no kahi e ʻana ai i ka wā hānau, a ma ka pūnāwai a hiki i ke ʻano o nā meaʻai hou.

Lawe ka hamster i ka meaʻai ma kona mau pahu hānai, kahi i waiho ʻia ma kahi o 46 g o ka palaoa. Ua hiki ke lawe i ka ai no e pili ana 1 ei.

Ua pālahalaha ʻo Hamster

Ua hoʻomāhūhā nui ʻia ʻo Hamsters i Central a Eastern Europe, Asia Minor, Suria, Iran, Siberia, Mongolia, ʻ Chinalelo Kina a me Korea.

Ka nui loa populations noho i loko o ka nahele-hehi, a hehi. Ma ka hema, e makemake ʻo ia i nā wahi ʻōpū, no ka laʻana, nā awāwa muliwai. E loaʻa ana ma nā mauna i nā kiʻekiʻe a hiki i 3600 m ma luna o ke kai, i nā heiʻe mauna a me nā mea ulu lāʻau. Hoʻokuʻu ʻia nō hoʻi i nā wahi i kanu ʻia, e like me nā mahina lae, nā māka nahele, nā māla, nā māla, nā māla lau, nā hale noho. ʻO nā lepo momona ka makemake i loaʻa, maʻa nā pāpū one.

ʻO Hamster maʻamau (Cricetus cricetus)

ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino o nā kāne ʻelemakule he 27-34 cm, ʻo ka huelo he 3-8 cm ka lōʻihi, a ʻoi ka lōʻihi ma kahi o 700 g. Holo ka huelo a hiki i ka hopena, a ua uhi ʻia me nā lauoho pōkole. Kūpiki nā pepeiao, ʻeleʻele. He palalulu ka palalulu. Ke kala a pau He hoʻomālamalama, contrasting. He ʻulaʻula-ʻula ke kua, ʻeleʻele ka tummy. ʻElua mau wahi ʻōmaʻomaʻo nui e ʻike ma nā ʻaoʻao, hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e nā hulu ʻeleʻele. Aia kekahi pūlū uoho ma nā ʻaoʻao o ke poʻo a ma hope o nā pepeiao. Aia kekahi mau ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele a i ʻeleʻele me nā keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo ma nā wāwae a me ka ʻāʻī. Ma ka huina, ʻoi aku ka 10 mau subspecies o ka hamster maʻamau i wehewehe ʻia. Hoʻohālikelike ka kala i ka ʻākau a i ka hema, e hoʻonui ka nui o ke kino mai ke komohana a i ka hikina a mai ke kūkulu ʻākau a i ke hema.

Noho ka lāʻau i loko o ka nahele a me nā ala lāʻau ʻo Eurasia mai Belgium a hiki i Altai a me Northern Xinjiang.

Haʻo Hamster a i ʻole Transcaucasian Hamster (Mesocricetus brandti)

ʻO ka loa kino 15-18 cm, ʻehā lōʻihi 2-3 cm. Paʻa a hiki i 300 g. ʻO ka kua i waho he lepo ʻāina i ka waihoʻoluʻu. He brownish-hina ke tummy, me kahi wahi ʻeleʻele ma ka umauma. ʻO ke poʻo ma nā ʻaoʻao he melemele-ʻulaʻula, ma lalo o nā pepeiao, he keʻokeʻo kahi ʻeleʻele nui, i keʻokeʻo ka moa. Poke keʻokeʻo. ʻOloe ka hulu, pohala i ka huelo.

ʻO ka wahi o nā mea pili i ka Turkey, Israel, Lebanona, a me Ciscaucasia hikina. Noho ana ia i ka ʻūhā i lalo o nā kahe o nā mauna, nā hehi kuahiwi a me nā wahi e kanu ai.

ʻO Hamster Radde a i ʻole Pre-Caucasian Hamster (Mesocricetus raddei)

ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino a hiki i ka 28 cm, ka lōʻihi o ka huelo he 1.5 cm ka ʻona. ʻEleʻele a ʻeleʻele hina paha ka lahilahi. Aia nā wahi kolo ma nā pāpālina a ma hope o nā pepeiao.

Hoʻomaopopo ʻia ma Georgia a me Lūkia, ma ka Luʻu Caucasus, ma The Stavropol Territory a me ka Ciscaucasia, i nā alaipiki a me nā kuahi lāʻau.

ʻO Newton's Hamster (Mesocricetus newtoni)

ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino 14-17 cm, ʻo ka lōʻihi a hiki i 2 cm, ke kaumaha 80-150 g. ʻO ke kua hina ka ʻulaʻula, kahi ʻōuli ʻeleʻele i waena o ke kua. ʻEleʻeleʻele ka ʻāʻī a me ka umauma, ʻōmaʻomaʻo-ʻulaʻula ka ʻōpū.

Hele pū ʻia ma Danube, ma Bulgaria a me Romania.

ʻO Hamster ʻO Campbell ʻO Hamster (Phodopus campbelli)

ʻO ka loa kino 7-10 cm, ʻehā pōkole, a hiki i 1,5 cm ka lōʻihi, ke kaupaona ʻana he 25 g ke poʻo ua puni, muzzle pōkole. ʻO kaʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele ka hulu me ka hina brown, ma ka kua aia ke kahaka pōuli, hina ka tummy.

He mea maʻamau ka loea i Mongolia, ma ka ʻākau o Kina i Lūkia a me Kazakhstan.

ʻO Esterman Hamster (Allocricetulus eversmanni)

ʻO ke kino lōʻihi 13-16 cm, ʻehā 2-3 cm lōʻihi. He liʻiliʻi ka pepeiao. ʻO ka huelo ka pālahalaha, palalulu, palapū nui. He pokole ka hulu, palupalu, velvety. ʻEleʻele ke ʻeleʻele-ʻulaʻula a i ʻole nā ​​minamina, āina a i ʻole lehu. Ke keʻokeʻo ka tummy me kahi palena paʻa ma nā ʻaoʻao. Aia kahi wahi mālama ma ka ʻāʻī a me ka umauma. Pahu ma lalo ka ʻōpū a me ke kāʻei.

Noho ia ma ka Hae a me Middle Trans-Volga, ma ke hema o nā Trans-Urals, ma Kazakhstan.

ʻAwele hamster (Tscherskia triton)

ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino mai ka 14 a 25 cm, ka lōʻihi 7-10 cm ka lōʻihi o ke kaupaona ʻana mai ka 92 a 241 g. He hina hina ke kua ka hope, ʻeleʻele ka ʻāpana i ka poli me kahi aniani keʻokeʻo, keʻokeʻo nā wāwae.

Hoʻokomo ʻia ka wahi noho i ka ʻākau o Kina, hema ʻo Primorsky Krai, Korea.

ʻO ka hana male

ʻO nā holoholona kahi terrestrial, kekahi mau manu hiki keʻauʻau, loaʻa ka lewa ma nā ʻāpana pipi. ʻO ka maʻamau ka noho hoʻokahi i ka manawa, i ka minks. Ma waho o ka wā hoʻoulu, hoʻoulu maikaʻi nā hamsters i nā hoahānau a mālama pinepine i nā hakakā. I ka hoʻoilo, hāʻule lākou i ka maloʻo i ka lōʻihi, ʻoiai ʻaʻole ia he hibernation maoli.

Hamsters i ke ahiahi Aloha Hawaii. I ka lā e noho ana lākou i loko o kā lākou minks, e hiki ana i 8 m ka lōʻihi a me 1,5 m ka hohonu. E noho i nā limu gopher. I loko o ka lua maʻamau, mai 2-5, i kekahi manawa a hiki i 10 mau puka, kahi lumi moe a me nā ʻeke.

Nā hamsters home

Ma ka home, loaʻa lākou iā Syrian, Dzungarian, Campbell hamsters a me nā hamster Robor. ʻOkoʻa nui nā hamster Syrian i ke kala, ke ʻano a me nā ʻano o ke kapa. ʻO nā kāne kahiko he mau Suria lōʻihi ke haʻi hewa ʻia "Angora".

Ke koho ʻana i kahi hamster, e noʻonoʻo e hiki i nā hamsters Roborovsky ke noho i nā hipa, a ʻo ke koena o nā ʻano he mea pākahi wale ia, a i ka wā e mālama ʻia ai, kū pū nā hakakā, kahi pinepine e alakaʻi i ka nāwaliwali o nā hamsters. Me ka mālama pū ʻana o nā hamster heterosexual, hānau pinepine ka wahine, i hana ʻino ʻia i kona olakino a pōkole i kona ola. Hiki i ka wahine hāpai ke pepehi a hōʻeha pū i ke kāne, e pale ana i kāna mau kuʻi.

ʻO ka nui o ka paila no nā hamsters ma kahi o ke kiʻekiʻe he 50 cm e 30 cm. Pono e hoʻopaʻa ʻia kahi huila me kahi kahawai (14-18 cm o ka diameter) e hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma ka hale. Ai ma ka hale i mea ole okoa mai ai ma ka ano. ʻO ke kumu o ke meaʻai ka cereal a me nā mea uliuli.

No ka moeʻuhane, koho ʻia kahi koho mai ke kāne kāne 4 mau mahina a keu paha nā wahine mai 9 mau mahina. Lawe ʻia mai lākou ma ka ʻāina kūʻai ʻole a i loko o ka hale kāne o ka wā wahine no ka estrus wahine, i hana ʻia no he mau hola i kēlā me kēia lā 4 lā. Hoʻomālua ka wahine a ka 17 mau lā a 20. I nā makahiki he 4 he wā, ua hoʻokaʻawale ka ʻōpio ʻōpiopio mai ka wahine, i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e ka wahine.

Mea kūʻiʻo hoihoi e pili ana i ka rodent:

• ʻO ka huaʻōlelo "hamster" no Old Slavic origin, kahi i hoʻolako ʻia ai mai ka Old Iranian, kahi i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ai ka "hamaēstar" he ʻenemi nāna e kiola aku i ka honua. " E hōʻike paha kēia i ka hamster i ke kuʻi o ka cereal i ka lepo a pēlā e lawe ai i nā hua.
• Hoʻokomo ʻia ka hamster a ko Suria a me Newton i ka Pahu Hoʻolālā Nui.
• Hoʻokomo ʻia ka ʻōpala i ka mahiʻai i ka mahiʻai, ʻoiai lākou e hānai ai i nā legumes a me nā mea kanu. Eia kekahi, he mea lawe lākou i nā pathogens o kekahi mau maʻi o ka maʻi, ʻo ia ke kumu e pāpā ʻia ai kā lākou ʻike ma Vietnam. ʻO ka uku nui o ka hoʻopaʻi ʻana he 30 miliona dong, ʻo ia ka mea like me ka uku makahiki makahiki o kahi kamaʻāina o kēia ʻāina. A pōmaikaʻi hoʻi nā hamsters. No ka hana ʻana, ua ʻoki ʻia nā ʻili o kekahi mau hamsters. Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Hamsters e like me nā holoholona ʻoihana a me nā holoholona.

Nā ʻano ʻano hamsters

Nā hamster i Suria. ^ E Ha yM. He holoholona ʻakolu ʻumiki ʻumikumamākolu o kēia holoholona me nā wāwae pōkole, nā pepeiao pepeiao, ka maka a puni, nā maka - "beads" a me kahi ʻili liʻiliʻi e hiki ʻole ke ʻike ʻia ma lalo o kona lauoho lauoho. He māmā ka ʻōpū o ka rodent, a ʻo kona kua ke poʻo o hina-hina a ʻulaʻula paha. ʻElima mau manamana lima no ka wāwae o ka hamster, a ma nā wāwae mua he ʻehā mau pepeiao a me ka weluwelu o nā manamana lima ʻelima. Ke kūlohelohe nei, ola kēia rodent i nā minkwink, a hōʻike i kāna hana i ka pō. Hoʻohana ka hamster i nā pou pipi no ka halihali i nā mea pono no ka hana a me ka kūkulu ʻana o ka hānai. ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona maʻamau o ka rodent ka mea i ʻike ʻia he gula, kūlohelohe kūlohelohe. Loaʻa kahi ola o kahi hamster no Suria i ka home ma kahi o ʻekolu mau makahiki.

ʻO ka mea nui o ka hamster o ka Syrian i ka pio ʻana ka mea kanu ʻai, ʻo ka mea ʻoi ʻia e hāʻawi i nā maikaʻi crunchy e loaʻa ʻole iā ia wale nō ka leʻaleʻa, akā ke hāʻawi pū mai nō hoʻi i nā pōmaikaʻi nui, ka huki ʻana i kāna mau mea e ulu mau nei.

No ka mālama ʻana i kahi hamster Suria i ka home, ʻo ke koho koho kūpono loa he hale paʻahao i hoʻopaʻa ʻia 40 cm x 60 cm, pono e lako ʻia:
ʻŌpuka ʻoe, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia me ka sawdust i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i nā pihi liʻiliʻi, hoʻopili pono ʻia i ka hoʻohuihui a me nā mea ʻono maikaʻi. Hoʻole loa ia i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka moena moe - ke kapa wili, nā ʻeneki, nā ʻeke a me nā nūpepa.
ʻai ʻili me ka laulā o ʻekolu a i ʻumi paha kenimika, ke koho ʻia e noʻonoʻo i ka nui o ka rodent.

Ke hānai nei i nā hamsters o Suria, pono loa ia e noʻonoʻo i ka wahine ʻaʻole ke keiki ma mua o ʻehā mau makahiki o ka makahiki, a ʻekolu keiki a ʻōpio ke kāne. Hana ʻia ka wahine hānai he ʻumikumamāwalu mau lā, a ʻo ka nui o nā ʻōpio ma ka ʻōpala hoʻokahi mai ʻehā a hiki i ʻumikūmālima mau poʻe e hānai ʻia i ka waiū umauma no nā lā he iwakāluakūwalu. Ma mua o ka hānau ʻana, e paipai ʻia e hoʻokaʻawale ʻē aku i ka ipu, a no ka hoʻopuka ʻana i ka hale kiaʻi hoʻokahi hale ʻona like 40 cm x 25 cm.Ia ʻia ka pale ʻana, e pā a paʻi i ka pēpē hou, no ka mea, ʻo ka wahine, ka honi ʻekeʻawaʻawa, hiki iā ia ke ʻai i kāna hua. I ka wā hāpai, ʻo ka waiū, he mea pono i ka hoʻokaʻawale a me nā mea liʻiliʻi e pili ana i nā meaʻai o ka protein i ka meaʻai wahine, e like me ka mea momona kīwī ʻole, kolo hua manuʻa, a me ka palaoa o moa.

Nā hamz Dzungarian. ʻO kēia kahi pua liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi me ka kiʻekiʻe a hiki i 5 cm, ke kaumaha a 45 mauʻa. ʻO kēia ʻīlio lauoho he wāwae lauoho, he kapa ʻeleʻele ma kona kua a me ka huelo pōkole loa, kahi mea i ʻike pinepine ʻia a maʻa mau, ʻoiai ke noho nei ka holoholona. Ke für ua hookoaiaʻe e nui keʻokeʻo blotches. Kahi ʻia ma luna o nā ʻāpana maloʻo a me nā semi-deses o ke komohana hema o Siberia Komohana, Hikina Hikina, ma Khakassia.

Kaniu nā hamz Dzungarian no ka mālama home, akā pono e mālama pono. Ke hoʻohālikelike nei iā lākou, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā hamsters o Suria. No ka hoʻohālikelike, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pā hale no ka Dzungarian hamster, no ka mea ʻoi loa ka holoholona. Eia kekahi, pono ka hamo Dzungarian i kahi pōhaku ʻala no ka hana ʻana i nā niho. Ke hānai nei i nā hamsters Dzhungar, pono e noʻonoʻo i ka predisposition no ka maemae, no laila, pono nā meaʻai me nā monosaccharides i loaʻa i nā mea kanu, nā huaʻai a me ka meli e waiho pū ʻia i ka ʻai.

ʻAʻole ia e mālama i kahi ʻoi aku o hoʻokahi hamster o kēia ʻano i loko o ka hale lua, ʻoiai he mea ākea kēia mau rodents i loko a me kahi i hoʻopuni ʻia e like me kēlā me kēia. Ke mālama pū ʻia nei, noho ʻo Jungar hamsters i ke ʻano mau loa, a i loko o nā hakakā ke hōʻeha lākou i kekahi, a hiki i ka pepehi ʻana

ʻOkoʻa pinepine ia mau mea nā Dzungarian hamsters i nā mea hihiu i ka ʻoniʻoni. Akā ʻo ka hamur o nā Jungar āpau he wahi ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele o ko lākou mau kua. Loaʻa nā ʻano o kēia ʻano kala:
ʻalani (brownish gray, abdomen white),
sapphire (ʻulaʻula hina, ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū),
ʻehā (puʻupuʻu keʻokeʻo me nā ʻeleʻele hina),
tangerine (ʻulaʻula).

Ma ka nohona kūlohelohe, hānai ka manu ʻo Dzungarian mai Malaki a hiki i Kepakemapa, ʻoiai ma ka pio ke kau nei ka hānai ma ka makahiki āpau. Hiki i ka litter ke loaʻa mai ka 1 a 9 mau cub. I hoʻokahi mahina ma hope o ka hānau ʻana, pono ke kaʻawale a kaʻawale e ka wahine. Hiki mai ka Puberty mai nā hebedoma 4-6, akā manaʻoʻiʻo ʻo ka hiki ʻana i kahi wā ma mua kahi pōpilikia i ka wahine. A hoʻomaka ʻia e hoʻomaka i ka moe ʻana mai nā mahina 4 mau mahina. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka hāpaiʻana o ka wahine o kēia hamster he 18-22 mau lā. ʻo nā wahine hāpai a me nā lactating e hana i nā kūlana hōʻoluʻolu ʻoluʻolu, e like me ke kaumaha o ka wahine hiki ke pepehi a ʻai i kāna hua. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka wahine paha ka huki i ka kāne. Ua mākaukau ka wahine no ka hānai i loko o 24 mau hola ma hope o ka hānau ʻana, no laila pono e hoʻohuli koke ʻia ke kāne.

ʻO Hamster Roborovsky ʻAʻole no kekahi mea i kapa ʻia ʻo ka hamster dwarf, ʻoiai ʻo ia ka mea liʻiliʻi o ka hamster home. He liki kona ioa, aneane aole e pale i ka huluhulu. He lei honu a nā manu hamar i nā pepeiao pepeiao, ʻeleʻele a i ʻulaʻula ʻia me kahi aniani keʻokeʻo. Aia nā wahi keʻokeʻo liʻiliʻi ma luna o nā maka. ʻO ka hope o ka hamster Roborovsky ua uhi ʻia i ka hulu melekele-ʻulaʻula, ka ʻōpū a me nā wāwae manu me ka hulu keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo, hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia nā wāwae o ka wāwae.

Noho ʻia nā pua hiwa e ka wahi wao nahele me ka nui o ka caragana. Mālama kēia mau mea kanu i nā hua o beets, caragans, hodgepodge, sedges, cereals, tulip, akā nā holoholona a me nā invertebrates ʻē aʻe i ka lua o kā lākou meaʻai. Hana ʻia kēia mau hamsters i ka ahiahi a me ka pō. ʻO nā ʻuʻu pāpaho a lākou e ʻeli ai i loko o ke one me 1-2 ka neʻe a me kahi keʻena hana. E hoʻonui ʻia ka manawa hoʻoulu a hoʻomaka i ka hoʻomaka o Mei, a hoʻopau i ka hopena o Kepakemapa. I ka wā holo, e lawe mai kēlā me kēia wahine i 3-4 litters me 3-9 cubs i kēlā Hoʻomaka ka poʻe holoholona liʻiliʻi mai ka litters mua e hoʻohua i ka hua ma ka hopena o ke kauwela i ka makahiki mua o ke ola.

Maikaʻi ka hana ʻana i nā kūlana no ke ola a mālama i nā hamsters dwarf A ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e mālama iā lākou i loko o kahi hale hao liʻiliʻi, ma lalo o kahi i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ai ke keʻakeʻa mauʻu 2-3 cm. Ua waiho ʻia kekahi mau pōhaku ma aneʻi, me ka pūhaka, ka moss, nā liʻiliʻi a me nā lālā liʻiliʻi. ʻO kahi pahu liʻiliʻi no ka nano, kahi hoʻomaha ka holoholona a hānai i kā lākou hua keiki, pono hoʻi kekahi. Pono e loli ka pā ma ke ʻano he lepo.

E hānai i nā hamsters Roborovsky, e like me nā ʻano hamsters ʻē aʻe, makemake ʻoe i nā ʻanoʻai. ʻO ka papaʻaʻai e hoʻokomo i nā hua kanu a me nā mea kanu i kanu ʻia, e like me ka millet, ka lā, nā lau a me nā huaʻai, nā lau - nā dandelion lau a i ka lettu. Hoʻohui ʻia, ʻoatemeal, keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo i lawe ʻia i ka waiū e hāʻawi ʻia. I kekahi manawa hānai i nā hamsters me nā wīwī palaoa. I ka wā moe a me ka hānai ʻana, pono i nā holoholona ʻōpio e hāʻawi i ka nui o ka protein, kahi e pono ai no ka hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā keiki.

No ka hānai i nā hamsters dwarf, pono ʻoe e mālama hoʻokahi wale nō i ka pā. ʻAʻole pono ʻoe e komo i kahi kāne a me nā wahine ʻelua, ʻoiai ʻo kēia manawa ua hele like ʻole nā ​​wahine. ʻO ka maʻa mau o ke kaikamahine e hele i ke kakahiaka, i ka makahiki o 2-3 mau pule, he awelika o 19 mau lā. ʻOiai aia kekahi makeala ma hope, i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā hamsters i ka pua wale nō i ka 3 mau mahina. ʻO kēia paha ka hopena o nā kūlana like ʻole i ka noho pio ʻana.

ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka hāpai ʻana o ke ao he 19-22 lā. Kūleʻa ka nui o nā keiki, ulu ka hulu ma ka hopena o ka hebedoma mua loa a ma ka makahiki he 10 mau lā a ʻoiaʻiʻo ke pale aku i nā holoholona mai ke anuanu, akā hāliʻi wale ko lākou mau maka i nā lā 13. I nā hebedoma 3 mau makahiki, lilo lākou i kūʻokoʻa a hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale iā lākou mai nā mākua. A ʻo ka wahine e kēia manawa ke mākaukau nei i kahi pānaʻi hou, a inā ʻoe ʻoe kanu kanu i nā hua kahiko, laila hoʻomau lākou i ka hānai ʻana i ka makuahine a, ʻoi aku ka ikaika, kāpīpī i nā ʻōpio. Aʻo ka hopena, holo aku nā holoholona hou i hope i ke kūkulu ʻana a make paha lākou i ka maʻi palaka.

Brandt Hamster a he hamoka Transcaucasian paha. Mea liʻiliʻi rodent o ka ʻohana hamster. Hāʻawi ʻia ka inoa ʻano ʻano i ka hanohano o ka German zoologist Johann Brandt. ʻO ka lōʻihi loa o ke kino mai 15 a 18 cm. A ʻo ka huelo mai ka 2 a 3 cm.ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka wāwae he 16-26 mm. Ke kiʻekiʻe o 10 - 24 mm. ʻO ka paona o kēia holoholona hihiu mai 42 - 296 g, he mau pepeiao liʻiliʻi ko ia holoholona. ʻO ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo kūlohelohe o ke kapa o ke kino o luna he lepo honua. He ʻeleʻele-hina ka ʻōpū, ma ka umauma ma waena o nā foreleg mau i kahi ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele e hāhā ʻia ana ma luna o nā poʻohiwi. Aia kēia hamster i ke poʻo melemele-ʻulaʻula ma nā ʻaoʻao, elongated ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele ma lalo o nā pepeiao, keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo. ʻO nā wāwae keʻokeʻo me nā ʻōpū māmā. ʻO kaʻulu āpau a palupalu nā hulu a pau, a ʻoi wale nō ka mānoanoa ma ka lā.

Holo ʻia ka puaʻa Caucasian i Turkey, Israel, Lebakona, a me ka ʻ Csia Ciscaucasia. Noho pū kekahi a nā ʻāpana mauna a me nā ʻaluna o Transcaucasia a me ʻĀpia Komohana. Ma ka māhele ma ke kūkulu hema i nā mauna Talysh a ma ke ʻaoʻao ʻākau o Iran, ma ke ʻākau, i Dagestan, ua ʻike ʻia i ka ʻaoʻao hema a me ka hikina o ka muliwai. Sulak. Ma Caucasus, kona kahalaha ʻana i ka hikina o ka palena ʻo Arsian lāua ʻo Likh, i nā pae ʻāina āpau a me nā pae akua-steppe o ke kūkulu hema o Georgia a me Armenia. Aia ia ma ka palena kiʻekiʻe mai 300 a 3000 m ma luna o ke kai. m .. Noho ma ka hapa o ke kuahiwi. Noho ia nā wahi i waiho ʻia i ka ʻōpala o ka'āina mauʻu. Hōʻalo i nā wahi moemue a maloʻo.

E alakaʻi i ke ʻano ola nocturnal. Ma ke kūlohelohe he mea noho aloha. I ke kūlohelohe, hiki i ka manaʻolana ke ola he 2 mau makahiki. Hoʻolaha no ka hoʻoilo i ka hopena o ʻOkakopa - mua o Dekemaba, a e ala ana i ka lā Malaki ma mua o ʻApelila. ʻAʻole ka lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi o ka pua ʻana no ka 5 - 6 mau mahina, akā hiki ke lōʻihi i ka 10. I ka wā hānau, hiamoe ʻo ia mai ka 2 a hiki i 7 lā, ma hope o ia e ala ai a hoʻomala mau i nā lā 2, ʻaʻole ia he mea maʻamau no ka wā hiamoe ka lōʻihi a hiki i 30 lā.

Aia nā alapine hamster o Brandt i kahi papa kuhikuhi nui, kahi liʻiliʻi o nā snout ākea e haʻalele ana mai ia mea, a hoʻokahi wale nō e alakaʻi i ka maka. Ke uhi ʻia nei kahi puka i hoʻopili ʻia me ka honua. Kahu ʻia ka pili o kēia holoholona i ka hohonu o ka hohonu o 2 m. No ka hoʻoilo, hōʻiliʻili ka hamster i nā mālama palaoa i loko o ka lua. Aia ia i nā ʻāpana uliuli, nā hua a me nā wai o nā mea kanu like ʻole, a me nā mea kanu.

Maʻi maʻi o Hamster

Hypothermia (anuanu). Hiki i nā Hamsters ke hopu i kahi anuanu a loaʻa i ka maʻi mai nā kānaka. No laila, inā he anuanu, hoʻemi i ka kamaʻilio me kāu holoholona, ​​a hiki i ka hoʻihoʻi hou ʻana. Hōʻalo nā holoholona i nā anuanu i kau ʻia ma kahi kokoke i nā puka aniani a i ʻole ma ka papa kiʻi. Loaʻa nā hamsters polū i ka ihu hololo, hoʻomaka lākou e wili. I nā pilikia koʻikoʻi, ʻike ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i ka maka, ka hiamoe, ke kaumaha nui, ka hō ʻole ʻana o ka meaʻai a me ka wai.

Inā hōʻike ka hamster i nā hōʻailona o ka ʻaʻā a me ka hipi ʻana, akā mau ʻo ia e kū mau nei, hoʻomau e ʻai a inu hoʻi, pono e mālama ʻia i kahi mahana, e haʻalele loa i nā hana paʻi. E hoʻohui i nā litter i ka pā. Kēia mau hanana i kekahi o ia mau hihia, nalo nā ihu holo rune i loko o kekahi mau lā. Inā ʻaʻole i hōʻola a ola paha a i ʻole ke ʻano o ka ʻano o ka holoholona, ​​e ʻimi aku i ka mea mālama holoholona, ​​e like me ka mea e pono ai nā maʻi. Inā hōʻike kāu hamster i nā hōʻailona o kahi anuanu koʻikoʻi, e like me ka hoʻohemo ʻana mai ka maka, nā ʻūlū ʻana, ke kaumaha ʻana o ka momona, ka hō ʻole ʻana i ka ʻai a ʻai ʻana, e kamaʻilio koke aku i kāu doktor. ʻO ke hoʻokuʻu ʻana i ka hana maʻi hiki ke alakaʻi i nā hoʻopiʻi, e like me ka bronchitis a i ka pneumonia. Hāʻawi ʻia nā holoholona ʻeha i ka wai mahana, i hoʻohui ʻia ka waiū a me ka meli.

Nā ʻilima. Inā ʻaʻole hana ʻia kāu hamster a momona loa, a laila nui paha ia he hina. ʻOiai ke ʻano o ka hōʻino ʻana, he maʻi koʻikoʻi loa ka obesity. ʻOiai inā paha ʻoe e ʻae ʻokoʻa ʻo ham ham a ua lilo wale ia i mea leʻaleʻa a nani wale i ka helehelena, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kani ʻana i mua o kou aloha no ka mea, ʻaʻole ʻoe e mihi i aloha ʻole ʻoe i ke ola o kāu holoholona.

Hiki i nā hopena o kēia ke koʻikoʻi no kahi hamster, no ka mea, ma ka mua ka maʻi o ka naʻau mai ka momona. A hiki paha kēia i nā mea, inā ʻaʻole i hopu ʻia ka cardiac, a laila i ka maikaʻi i ka blockage vascular a me ka olakino olakino o kāu hamster i ka wā e hiki mai ana.

I mea e hōʻemi ke kala i ka paona, hāʻawi iā ia i nā mea āpau e pono ai ʻo ia ka mea e hoʻomaka ai e alakaʻi i kahi ʻano kelepona. Eia kekahi, hiki ke pale aku i ka momona. No ka hana ʻana i kēia, mai kahele a kūʻai koke i kāu holoholona liʻiliʻi i kahi holo holo e hiki ai iā ia ke hana i kēlā me kēia lā. I ke ahiahi, ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka hamster. No laila, i kēia manawa hiki iā ia ke ʻae e holo a puni ka sofa. Hōʻoiaʻiʻo i ka hāʻule ʻole ʻana ma kēlā me kēia, a me ka nui loa i ka holo.

I ka awelika, ʻo ka hamster kanaka e ʻai ai i ʻelua mau papa i ka lā me kahi kahi o ka meaʻai. Kao nona, ʻo ia ke ʻano maʻamau, ʻo ka lawa ia nei ʻaʻole ia e manaʻo i ka pōloli a hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia a hiki i ka lā aʻe. No laila, inā ʻai nui kāu hamster i kēlā me kēia, a laila e hāʻawi ʻoe iā ia i ʻelua ʻāpana e kau iā ia i ka lā, akā ʻaʻohe.

E hoʻomanaʻo he holoholona ʻo ia ka holoholona kahi e noho ana ma o nā instincts i waiho ʻia i loko o ia mea ma ke ʻano maoli. Ma ka nahele, ke holo wale nei lākou a puni i ka wao e ʻimi ana i ka ʻai. I ka loaʻa hou ʻana, ka hoʻopiha koke iā lākou me nā ʻolua i ko lākou puʻupuʻu, i kēlā me kēia hope hiki iā lākou ke kiʻi. No laila, pono e hōʻoia i ka ʻai ʻana o ka hamster i ka nui o ka mea e pono ai iā ia, akā ʻaʻohe mea hou aʻe. A laila e hoʻomau ʻo ia a ʻaʻole ʻōpū.

ʻO ke ala maikaʻi loa no kahi hamster hānai e hāʻawi i ka meaʻai i loaʻa ka nui o nā aila a me nā meaʻai ʻē aʻe i kōkua i ka hoʻoiho ʻana o ka momona i ke kino. No laila, pono e hāʻawi iā ia i nā mea kanu me ka ʻaʻa o ka aila kiʻekiʻe ma lalo. Akā i nā mea kanu, nā hua ʻai a me nā mea kanu ʻana, ʻaʻole pono ka hamster. ʻAʻole ia e hoʻōla mai i kēia mau huahana.

ʻO nā maʻi maʻi kino o nā pūpū a me nā pua. ^ E Ha yM. Hiki i ka ʻeha ke hoʻopilikia i nā maʻi o ka lāe a i ʻole nā ​​maʻi o nā keiki. ʻO nā hōʻailona maʻamau o kēia mau maʻi e like me nā holoholona āpau: pinepine ka hamster i ka manawa, i kekahi manawa me ke koko, ua nui ka makewai ka holoholona. ʻO nā hōʻailona ʻē aʻe he apathy, ka ʻikepili o ka hōʻeha inā urinating.

ʻO nā holoholona me nā hōʻailona like ʻole e hōʻike ʻia i kekahi kauka, ʻoiai pono paha e hana i kahi papa o nā antibiotics. Hōʻoluʻolu ʻia nā hamsters maʻi, a hāʻawi i ka holoholona i ka ʻike mau i ka wai hou. E hoʻomaʻemaʻe i kou paila i kēlā me kēia lā e hoʻohana ana i nā hoʻonā disinfectant i hoʻolālā ʻia e disinfect cell cells liʻiliʻi e pale aku i ka maʻi lua ma ka maʻi ʻehā huluhulu.

Me ka mālama kūpono, hoʻomaikaʻi nā hamsters i loko o kekahi mau lā. Eia nō naʻe, ma nā hihia līlū, ulu ka hamster i ka hala ʻole a palaka paha, a i ʻole e hele i ka make o ka holoholona. ʻO nā rodents ka mea i hānai ʻia me ka maikaʻi ʻokiʻoki a me nā meaʻai maikaʻi loa a i nā momona ka mea kūpono loa i nā maʻi maʻi o ka pā palaka.

Nā Kūleʻa. ^ E Ha yM. I kekahi manawa hiki ke loaʻa nā hamsters i kahi wāwae a i ʻole kuʻekuʻe, ʻoiai ʻo ia i loko o kahi hale. ʻO nā hōʻeha pinepine i hoʻopau i kahi pōpilikia e hele i ke ahiahi a i ka pō paha, a ʻike ʻia ʻoe i ke kakahiaka aʻe. Hiki i kahi hamster me nā wāwae hōʻino ke kīpī;

Minamina, ma muli o ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, hiki ʻole ke kau ka lepa ʻana i nā iwi haʻi, no laila ke kali nei ʻoe e ulu pū nā iwi. No ka hana i kēia, pono ʻoe e hoʻopaʻa i ka hamster i ka neʻe ʻana, me ka hoʻoweliweli ʻana i ka huila mai ka lua. A ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka waiho ʻana i ka holoholona ma ka aquarium, kūlohelo ʻole me ka wai e pale ʻole i nā cages i ke piʻi a iho i lalo i nā kaola. Hoʻohui i ka berena palaki, waiū a i ʻole nā ​​keko no ka ʻīlio i kēia manawa. ʻO nā meaʻai e loaʻa ai ka nui o ka calcium.

ʻO Hamsters kekahi i nā hāmeʻa hāmama. I kēia hihia, ulu ka iwi i waho o ka wāwae i hōʻino ʻia a me ka huelo. Inā inā i pili mai kēlā pōʻino, pono ʻoe e hōʻike pono i ka holoholona i ka mea koa, no ka mea, i mea e pale ai i ka maʻi maʻi, pono ka mālama ʻana i ka hōʻeha me nā maʻi antibiotika. Eia nō hoʻi, e kau ka kauka i ka iwi i / a e hōʻiliʻili ʻia i ka ʻeha.

ʻO nā wāwae haki a ʻili paha e hoʻōla ma waena o 1-2 mau pule, akā ma muli o kahi kīhai, hiki i ka hamster ke noho pū me ka a me kahi ʻoi kūwaho no ke ola. ʻAʻole kēia e hopohopo iā ʻoe, no ka mea ʻaʻole ia e hoʻonāukiuki i ka holoholona.

Kaaudeana. ^ E Ha yM. Hōʻalo ka Hamster constipation ma muli o ka nele o ka wai a i ʻole ka pili me ka ʻai nui i nā meaʻai maloʻo. Nā hōʻailona o ka constipation: ua hōʻemi ʻia ka ʻōpala i loko o ka pūlau. ʻO ka litter e liʻiliʻi, paʻakikī a maloʻo. Hiki i ka hamster. Nā hōʻailona ʻokoʻa: ka hala ʻana o ka makemake, hoʻohaʻahaʻa iki a puni ke anus. Inā he constipation ka hamster, e hōʻoia ʻo ia i ka loaʻa mau ʻana i ka wai wai, hoʻohui i nā mea kanu a me nā hua me ka wai kiʻekiʻe i kāna meaʻai. Hāʻawi i kahi hāʻule o ka aila o ka lauʻaila hiki ke kōkua me ka constipation. Inā ʻaʻohe holomua i ka hamster e ka lā aʻe, e lawe ia i ka betinarian.

Nā maʻi maʻi (ʻeha.) Hiki i nā Hamsters ke hōʻeha i ka maʻi maʻamau no nā kumu he nui. ʻO ka hoʻololi koke ʻana i ka meaʻai, ʻai nui i nā lau like ʻole a me nā meaʻai mālamalama nā kumu ʻelua ʻelua. Hiki i ke kīhāpai ke alakaʻi i ka dehydration. Nā hōʻailona o ka palu: ʻo ka palupalu ka hamster, ikaika ka hanu a lohi, hoʻolōʻihi ʻia ke kino ma mua o ka maʻamau. E ʻohi i ka ʻili o ka hamster e nānā. Inā holo mālie ka ʻili, akā ʻaʻole wikiwiki, e hoʻi i ka kino, a laila make ka holoholona. Hāʻawi i ka hamster i ka wai me ka kō a me ka paʻakai, e hana ai i kēia, e ninini i ka wai i ka kihi o ka waha me kahi syringe ʻole o ka pāʻani ʻana.

He hoihoi

ʻO ka hamster nui loa i ka honua. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO ka hamster maʻamau, ʻaʻole i manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia ka mea nui loa wale nō, akā, ʻo ka mea maikaʻi loa, ma waena o kona mau hoahānau. ʻAno hoihoi i kona mau ʻāpana. Hiki i kekahi pākeke ke 25-30 mm mau kenimika ma ka lōʻihi. He ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula nui ʻia, he ʻulaʻula a me ke keʻokeʻo a me nā wahi keʻokeʻo ʻekolu ma ka ʻaoʻao o ke poʻo, ka umauma a me nā ʻaoʻao. Ke keʻokeʻo ka ihu a me nā wāwae. ʻOiai ʻo kekahi manawa aia kekahi kanaka i ke kapa ʻeleʻele a ʻeleʻele a ʻeleʻele paha.

ʻO ka ʻokiʻoki liʻiliʻi ʻo ka honua. ^ E Ha yM. I waena o nā hamsters home a pau, ʻo ka mea liʻiliʻi ka mea hamani Roborovsky. I ka lōʻihi, hiki lākou i ka ʻelima oʻeono paha kenimita. ʻĀhinahina ke kua a me ko lākou poʻo i ke kala melemele i ke kala. Akā ʻo ke tummy a me ka huluhulu ma waena o ka antennae e aneane keʻokeʻo. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona o kēia ʻano hamsters he māmā, aneane like i nā "maka" maka ". Ke holo wikiwiki nei ka neʻe ʻana o kēia mau holoholona luhi i ko lākou ʻāina e hiki ai i kā lākou mau mea noho, ke ʻike pono ʻana, e nānā wale ana i kā lākou mau holoholona punahele. Eia kekahi, ʻo kēia ʻano hamster e hōʻike ʻia e ka neʻe nui ʻana, a me ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana iā lākou i ka ʻona a i ʻole ke hoʻololi ʻana i ke kai ʻana i lilo i mea kaumaha maoli no lākou, hiki ke lōʻihi i kekahi mau pule.

Hiki i kekahi hamsters ke hoʻomaka e huki i kahi pā a i ʻole nā ​​mea i loko o ia mea, a hiki ke hoʻoponopono ʻia kēia kūlana ma ka hāʻawi ʻana i kahi hamster i kahi kuki a kau paha i ka pipi i loko o kahi pā. Hoʻopili maikaʻi nā kamaʻi ʻīlio - ʻaʻole lākou e hōʻino i nā niho o ka hamster a ʻaʻole hōʻino i ka olakino a me ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana. Akā he mea nui loa ia nā huaʻai e loaʻa ai nā huahana, a i ʻole nā ​​mea e hiki iā ia ke hoʻopili i kāna mau niho - inā ʻaʻole kēia, ka mea mālama mau niho hiki i ke kīloe i nā iwi.

ʻIke ʻO Hamsters i ka ʻeleʻele a me ka keʻokeʻo, i ka manawa like pū lākou he mau maka ʻilihune maikaʻi. ʻO ka hamsters e hilinaʻi nui i ka lohe a me ka ʻono.

Ua pāpā aku nā luna Vietnam i ka mālama ʻana i nā hamsters, me ka noʻonoʻo pono iā lākou e lilo i poʻe lawe i nā maʻi ʻeha. ʻO ke kumu no kēia mau ʻano mea ʻo ia ka hoʻopili nui ʻana i nā holoholona i ʻaʻole i hele ʻole aku i ka pale manuahi mai kahi ʻē aʻe, ka mea i hui pū ʻia me ka hewa ma ka kalena hikina o ka makahiki o ka Pale a me ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka makemake no nā keiki liʻiliʻi. ʻO ka uku keu loa no ka hōʻino ʻana i ka pāpā he 30 miliona dong, he 57,000 mau rubles, a hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka loaʻa kālā o kēia makahiki o kekahi kamaʻāina.

Dzungarian (Sungurian) hamster

ʻO nā hamz dzungarian a i ʻole dzhungariki nā holoholona ʻōpiopio a hiki i ka 10 cm lōʻihi a ke kaupaona ana a hiki i ka 65 g. ʻO kā lākou hiʻohiʻona hiʻona he pōpōʻeleʻele ma ka pihi a me kahi rhombus i haʻi ʻia i ke poʻo. ʻO ke kala nui o ka dzhungarika he hina hina a he hina hoʻi, akā aia nā koho ʻē aʻe:

Hoʻokomo nā manu i nā pale, akā e mau i kahi hiʻohiʻona hiʻona ma ke poʻo a me ke kua.

E mālama maʻalahi ʻia kēia mau holoholona maikaʻi i nā kānaka a hiki ke noho pio i ka 3 mau makahiki, ʻaʻole hiki i 4. Dzhungariki i kūpono i ka maʻi maʻi, no laila e hāʻawi ʻia nā hua momona i nā mea liʻiliʻi.

Nā hamz Dzungarian

Nā hamster i Suria

ʻOi aku ka nui o nā hamsters o Suria ma mua o nā dzungariks. Noho lākou he 3-4 mau makahiki, ʻaʻole hiki i ka 5 mau makahiki. E like me nā kūlana o ke ao honua, pono e lōʻihi nā holoholona he 12 cm, akā i kekahi manawa e ulu a hiki i 20 cm. ʻO ke kala maʻamau he gula ia, akā heʻokoʻa nā waihoʻoluʻu mai nā lei āpau a me nā kala e ʻoni a me nā ʻeleʻele. Aia nā keiki me ka ʻulaʻula a me nā ʻokiʻoki. ʻOkoʻa kēia ʻano hamsters i ka lōʻihi o ke kapa. Hoʻokaʻawale:

• lauoho loloa
• Kāhea ʻia
• satin
• rex
• haipoipo.

Inā lōʻihi ke lōʻihi o ka lauoho, a laila hiki i ka lauoho wahine ke lilo i ʻoi aku ka pōkole.

He 4 mau manamana lima no ka "Syrian" ma ko lākou mau lehelehe, a he 5 ma ko lākou mau wāwae hind. Ua ʻoi aku lākou i ka maʻalahi o ka dzhungariki

Nā hamster i Suria

ʻAno hamora

ʻO Angora ka inoa hala hewa o kahi hamster Syrian me ka lauoho lōʻihi. ʻIke like nā holoholona Shaggy ma mua o nā Suria Syrian, akā ʻo ia ka like like me kēia. ʻO ka ʻokoʻa e hiki i nā holoholona like ke noho wale ma ka home. Pono kā lākou kapa i ka mālama hou.

ʻAno hamora

ʻO Hamsters no Roborovsky

ʻO hamsters ʻo Roborovsky wale nō nā mākeke o ka ʻohana hiki ke mālama i ka hui, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka pilina like ʻole e pale aku i nā hakakā hoʻokūkū.

ʻO kēia mau keiki liʻiliʻi nā lālā liʻiliʻi o ka ʻohana. ʻAʻole iʻoi aku ka nui o kā lākou 5 cm. Hoʻopili hou lākou, no laila ʻoi aku ka nui o ka uku. Noho lākou ua kokoke he 4 makahiki, a ʻoi aku ke kūʻokoʻa ma mua o nā "Suria." ʻAʻohe aneane hiki ʻole lākou e hana i ka lima, hoihoi nui lākou no ka poʻe e makemake e nānā i ka nohona pili ola kanaka. Kūkulu nā holoholona ma nā maka o keʻokeʻo a me ka ihu snub. Mālamalama ka ʻōpū o kā lākou ʻōpū. Hiki ke kala i ka lole i ke gula, ke one a me ka brown brown. Aia nā keiki me ka hulu "agouti" a me ka kala kala.

Roborovsky Hamster

ʻO Campbell Hamster

ʻO ka hamsters a Campbell e like me dzungariki. ʻOi hoʻi lākou i ka papal - a hiki i 10 cm lōʻihi a loaʻa iā kahi kaula ma ka kua. Eia nō naʻe, he mau ʻokoʻa, nā dzhungariks he mau poleleʻeleʻele maʻamau, a ʻo Camp Camp he mau gula ākea. Hoʻopili hou ke poʻo o ka ʻili i ka ʻili. ʻO nā "ʻokiʻoki" o ka loli o ka kala o ke kua i ka ʻōpū, ʻaʻole i ʻōlelo ʻia ʻo ia. ʻAʻole hiki i nā Jungarians ke maka ʻulaʻula, a me nā albinos. Hiki i kahi pīpī ʻO ka huluhulu o nā dzhungariks he halulu, a ʻo Campbell - "hoʻoili". ʻO Dzhungariki he ʻano ovoid, a me Campbell - i ke ʻano o kahi kiʻi ʻewalu. Noho kēia mau holoholona no kahi o 2 mau makahiki.

ʻO Campbell Hamster

Albino Hamsters

ʻAʻole ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ʻo Albinos i kekahi ʻano mahele like ʻole, no ka mea, he ʻano aniani wale kēia ma nā holoholona o kekahi ʻano. Kāhea ʻia ʻo Albinos i kahi hamsters, ʻaʻole ia e hana i kahi melanin. Ma muli o kēia hiʻohiʻona, loaʻa i nā holoholona nā lauoho keʻokeʻo a me kahi olonā i ʻike ʻia. ʻO nā kīʻaha koko komo e hoʻonoho i nā maka o ke albino. Hoʻopili nui nā hamsters i kēlā me ka lā, ua nānā pinepine ʻia nā maka a me ka lohe. Ma nā kūlana maikaʻi ʻaʻole lākou e noho iki ma mua o ko lākou mau hoa ʻohana.

ʻIolua Albino Hamster

Hamster keʻokeʻo

I kekahi manawa aia ka makemake e kiʻi i kahi holoholona o kekahi kala, no ka laʻana, keʻokeʻo, a laila hāʻawi nā mea kūʻai aku i ka pua laka no ke kālā he nui - he hamster keʻokeʻo. A ʻo hou hoʻi, he hoa hoa kēia. Hiki i kahi hamster keʻokeʻo ke albino, a i ʻole ka kala i kēia kapa. ʻO ia ka hua e pono ai e koho, a ʻaʻole noho ka pua "hamster" keʻokeʻo.

Keʻokeʻo Dzungarian keʻokeʻo

Nā hamster maʻamau

Hiki i kahi hamster ke hele i ka nui o 34 cm, a ʻo 3 ana ka lōʻihi o kona huelo ʻo 3-8 cm. Noho ia i nā alahele me nā alahele lāʻau, e noho pinepine i kahi kokoke i kahi kanaka. ʻUlaʻulaʻula kona ʻili: ʻulaʻula a hope ke kua, a ʻeleʻele ka ʻōpū. ʻO nā keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo ma nā ʻaoʻao a i mua. Aia nā ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele me ʻeleʻele me nā wahi keʻokeʻo. Noho ʻo Gargoyles i kahi nahele no 4 mau makahiki, i nā kūlana kūpono hiki iā lākou ke hiki i 6 mau makahiki.

Nā hamster maʻamau

Ewa hina hina

ʻO ka hamster hina ka mea koʻokoʻo, ʻo ka nui o nā mea i ʻole o kahi kiʻi. no ka mahele o nā hamsters hina. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino mai 9.5 a 13 cm ka mea he hina hina a me ka ʻōpū māmā. Kūlike ka maʻamau, ʻokoʻa paha ke kala o ka ʻili. ʻAʻoleʻo ia i ʻolua i ka pīpī, akā noho ʻo ia i nā malihini. Loaʻa i nā holoholona nā kīlei nui a me nā pepeiao liʻiliʻi. Aia i kekahi mau wahi, ua kākau ʻia ma ka Puke ʻaha.

Ewa hina hina

Eversman Hamster lāua ʻo Hamster Kauaʻi

ʻO nā huaʻehā o Eversman hamsters me nā mea hao ʻelua e like me ka helehelena a me nā hana: Mongoli a me Eversman. Makemake nā holoholona ʻelua i nā ʻāpana a me nā semi-deserto. Noho ʻo Mongoli ma ka wao nahele o ka ʻāina, ka ʻĀkau o Kina a me Tuva.

Kohiki kūloko

ʻAʻole like ka nui o nā holoholona ʻelua ma ka 16 cm me ka huelo pōkole - 2 cm.hiki ka liʻiliʻi o ka ʻili o ka Mongoli, ua ʻoluʻolu ka ʻōniʻa o ke kua a ʻaʻohe wahi ʻeleʻele ʻiliʻili ma ka umauma, e like me ka Esterman hamster. Hiki i kahi hamona Eversman ke loaʻa i kahi kala i hoʻihoʻi ʻia i ka brown, ʻeleʻele a i ʻole nā ​​kala gula. ʻO ka hamsters a me nā wāwae māmā. Ua helu ʻia lākou ma ka Buke Red.

Nā Hulina ʻo Eversman

Nā hamala Barabinsky

ʻO ka holoholona nā huaʻala o nā hamsters hina. Noho ia ma Siberia Komohana, Transbaikalia, Mongolia. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino a hiki i 12-13 cm, ʻo ka huelo he 3 cm. ʻO ke koʻokoʻo i paʻa i ke kapa ʻulaʻula, a hala kahi ʻōuli ʻulaʻula ma hope o ke kua: mai kahi kū i ka blurry i kēlā me kēia kanaka. Hoʻopili keʻokeʻo i keʻokeʻo. ʻO kekahi hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona he mau leo ​​pepeiao ʻelua me kahi palena keʻokeʻo a puni nā kihi. Aia nā ʻano 4 o nā hamsters.

Nā hamala Barabinsky

ʻO kahi hamole ʻo Sokolov

Nā ʻelele liʻiliʻi i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka genus o nā hamsters hina. Noho lākou ma Mongolia a me Kina. ʻAʻole like me nā lālā he nui o ka ʻohana, ʻaʻole lākou e hōʻino i ka mea kanu i nā hua cereal. ʻO ka nui o ka holoholona e pili ana i 11.5 mm. He poʻo hina kona a me ka ʻōpū māmā. ʻAno ʻike ʻia ka huelo o ka hamster. Ma ke kua he kaula pouri. ʻAʻole ʻo ia e noho ma ka noho pio ʻana no ka mea lōʻihi, no ka mea he liʻiliʻi nā ʻike e pili ana iā ia.

ʻO kahi hamole ʻo Sokolov

Palala palaka

Noho ka kahi manu manu a scorpion hamster ma Kanada a me Mexico. Aia hoʻi a hiki i 14 cm, e komo me ka huelo, kona paona he 40-60 g. ʻO kona kino he brown, ʻōpū māmā. E ʻai nō ka holoholona i nā pepeke wale nō, ka moʻoola a me nā rodents liʻiliʻi. ʻAʻole ʻike hou ʻia nā ʻano hamsters e like me kēia predator. ʻO kona waiwai pio ka mea ʻāʻōwā. E kūpaʻa ka hamster i ka maʻi ʻalā. ʻO kēia mau hamsters i hoʻohele ʻia no kekahi kekona kekona, e hāpai ana i ko lākou poʻo. Ua kapa ʻia kēia ʻōhumu o ka ʻōweʻa o nā hamsters.

Palala palaka

ʻAnuʻu Siberian

Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka hamster Siberian e ka hoʻololi ʻana i ke ʻano o ke ʻano o ka huluhulu hulu. ʻO kēia mea kuʻikahi o ka ʻohana i ke kauwela e hoʻohana i kahi kapa ʻeleʻele hina me ka paina ʻulaʻula, a i ka hoʻoilo i ke kauwela ma kahi ʻahuʻula keʻokeʻo me ka laina hina ma ka kua. Hoʻohui nā holoholona i ka 10 cm, a ʻo ka nui loa o ke kaumaha ma ka home he 50 g. Ma ke ʻano kūlohelohe, noho nā rodents 2 mau makahiki i ka noho pio ʻana - a hiki i 3 mau makahiki.

ʻAnuʻu Siberian

Tibetan hamster

Noho ka Dwarf Tibetan hamsters i Kina. Hiki i kēia mau ʻano hamsters ke noho i nā kuahiwi ma kahi kiʻekiʻe a hiki i ka 4000 m ma luna o ke kai. Hoʻohui nā holoholona i ka 11 cm, a ʻo ka huelo ka aneane o ka hapalua o ke kino. He hina ke kala me ko lākou ʻeleʻele a me nā ʻeleʻele uliuli. Ua wāwahi ka huelo, a ke holo ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele i luna. ʻO Abdomen a ma lalo o kahi ʻāpana o ka huelo.

Brandt Hamster Habitat

He mea maʻamau ka Brandt's Hamster i ka ʻIseraʻela, i ka Ciscaucasia Hikina, ma ʻAsia kokoke, Dagestan, i Transcaucasia, i nā mauna Talysh, Turkey, Lebanona. Noho ka hapanui i nā wahi kuahiwi, e noho ana i ka wahi i kokoke i nā kapuwai ʻekeʻelima, nā nahele nahele, nā wīwī lāʻau lāʻau. Akā ʻaʻole ka hoa aloha o Kaukaia e ʻae i nā wahi lepo. Akā hoʻohui ʻia kēia mau rodents i ke ola ma kahi kiʻekiʻe o 300 a 3000 mika ma luna o ke kai.

ʻO keʻano

ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino mai 15 ka 18 cm a ʻo ka huakaʻi mai ka 2 a 3 cm ka lōʻihi o ka wāwae he 16-26 mm. Ke kiʻekiʻe o ka pepeiao he 10-24 mm He paona a he 42-296 g. ʻO nā pepeiao liʻiliʻi, kīwī. ma waena o nā forelegs i ka manawa ʻeleʻele i ka wā ākea e pālahalaha ana ma luna o nā poʻohiwi.ʻO nā ʻaoʻao, he melemele ke poʻo-ʻula, ke poʻo ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele ma lalo o nā pepeiao, ke kīpī keʻokeʻo nā wāwae keʻokeʻo me nā ʻeleʻele a piha ke kapa ʻana a palupalu, a ʻo ka maka wale nō ka lahilahi.

E like me ka hapanui o ka hamster o ka Honua, ua hōʻike ʻia ka Transcaucasian hamster e ka hele ʻana o nā chebags. Hiki ke kūwili nei ke kino, ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia ke ʻolua, ua pōkole nā ​​wāwae. ma ke kihi o ka waha, hoʻomaka ke ʻōpū ʻelua, e hoʻokaʻawale i ke poʻo i nā ʻāpana a pālahalaha i nā poʻohiwi.ʻO ka ʻāpana o luna o ka pā, ʻeleʻele-ʻulaʻula, haʻahaʻa, keʻokeʻo, ʻōpala. Hoʻonui pinepine ka zygomatic i hope, a hiki i ka waiwai nui loa i ka suture temporomandibular ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka condylobasal o ka ʻūhā, ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ma mua o 35 mm. hele koke mai i ka haunaʻi loiloi, e hoʻomaka ana mai ka hapalua o ko lākou lōʻihi, e pālahalaha ana, a ma ke ana o ke aniani ʻoi aku ʻoi loa i nā welau.

Kahele

Holo nui ka puaʻa Caucasian i Turkey, Israel, Lebanona a me Eastern Ciscaucasia ʻO ka noho ʻana ma nā ʻūhā mauna.ʻU ke noho ana i nā wahi o kahi mauʻu i nāhelehele kahelehele i nā kuahiwi, nā wahie kuahiwi a me nā ʻāina e hānai ʻia e nā poʻe.

ʻO ka mauna a me nā ʻāpana o Transcaucasia a me Āsia Komohana i ka hema, e kaʻi ʻia i nā mauna Talysh a ma nā ʻaoʻao komohana o Iran, i ka ʻākau, i Dagestan, - ʻike ʻia ma ka ʻaoʻao hema a me ka hikina o ka muliwai Sulak ma Transcaucasia, ua pālahalaha kona pae ma ka hikina o ka palena ʻo Arsian a me Likh, ma nā wahi hele wāwae a me nā pae ʻāina āpau o ke kaohi o Georgia a me Armenia.ʻO ia ka i waena o nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe mai 300 a 3000 m ma luna o ka m ih

Nā Nānā

1. ↑ 12 Sokolov VE ʻO ka papa inoa ʻelima mau inoa inoa ʻo Mammals Latin, Lūkia, Pelekānia, Kelemānia, French / hoʻoponopono ʻia e Acad. VE Sokolov - M: ʻōlelo Lūkini, 1984 - C 161 - 10,000 mau kope
2. ↑ Bo Beolens, Michael Watkins, a me Mike Grayson ʻO ka ʻatikala inoa inoa o nā mammals - Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2009 - P 54 - 574 p - ISBN 978-0-8018-9304-9

Nā loulou

• ʻO nā wīwī o Lūkia: ʻO Hamster ʻO Brandt

ʻO ka ʻōlelo ʻo Brandt Hamster

Nā Hamster liʻiliʻi ʻAmelika, ʻO Hamt Brandt (Mesocricetus brandti Nehring, 1898), nānā ʻano ham ham medium ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino a hiki i ka 150 mm, ka ʻāpana lōʻihi a 39 mm paha. ʻO nā leo brownish-pale i loaʻa i ka kala i ka pono. ʻEleʻele a hina hina paha ka ʻaoʻao o lalo o ke kino, aia ma ka pahu he wahi ʻeleʻele paha. Aia ka mākeke ʻeleʻele ka pāpale, kahi wahi melemele nui ma ka pāpāloa e hoʻopili ʻia me kahi mālamalama ma hope o ka wahi o ka pepeiao. ʻO ka wehe ʻana i kēia manawa i loko o ka nāu a ʻaʻole i ʻawale i ka ʻaoʻao i mua a i mua o kā lākou alo mua he kuapo ma mua. Aia he 42 nā chromosome ma nā karyotype.

ʻAkahi

Kālaha ka hānai ʻia o ko ʻAmelika Hema ma ka ʻāina maloʻo (300-3000 m ma luna o ke kai) i nā pae i Asia Minor, Transcaucasia i ke komohana komohana ʻo Iran, ka Levant. Noho ia i ka uka cereal-wormwood, cereal-like-grass-steppes, mountain meadows, kokoke a me waena o nā huaʻai o ka mahiʻai. Hōʻalo i nā ʻāina māla a me ka wao. Ua ʻeli ʻo kahi hamster ʻAmelika i nā lua hohonu me nā keʻena he nui a me 1-3 mau mana pihi e haʻalele ana i ka neʻe, kahi wale nō e hele ai i ka maka. Aia ka lumi ākea ma kahi hohonu o ka 2 m. Ma kahi e hoʻohālikelike ai i nā lua o nā hamsters ʻē aʻe, ke kaila oblique mai kahi e hoʻomaka ana ka eli ʻana, ka mea maʻamau i kona lōʻihi a hiki i ka lumi mua i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me ka honua. No ka hoʻoilo ke hāʻule lākou i loko o ka hānau ʻana, ʻo ka lōʻihi o ka mea e kau ai i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka wahi (no ka laʻana, he moe ke alo mai ka mahina ʻo Okatoba a i ka hoʻomaka o Dekemaba).

Hōʻulu ka hamster ʻAmelika i nā wahi ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me nā hua o nā mea kanu hihiu a kanu i nā mea kanu. Mālama ʻo ia i ke mālama no ka hoʻoilo. Manaʻo nā wahine pālua i 2 mau makahiki i ka makahiki. I ka brood, a hiki i 12-15 cubs. Ma kahi mau wahi, hoʻokaumaha ia i nā mea kanu o ka bale a me nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka mea halihali maoli o ka tularemia a, hiki paha, Q fever.

Hana Hoʻohui, a i ʻole ka Transcaucasian hamster (lat. Mesocricetus brandti) - he mākaʻi o ka huaʻōlelo o nā ham ham waena, kahi ʻohana hamster, kahi kauoha rodent.

ʻAuhau a me ke ʻano. Loaʻa ka hamster o Brandt ma ʻEulopa a me ʻAsia, a hiki iā ia ke hoʻololi i nā nohona ʻē aʻe. Noho kēia holoholona i lalo o ke one, i nā ʻāpana wīwī a me nā ʻāina mahiʻai, ma nā ʻāina me kahi liʻiliʻi o nā mea kanu, kahi nui o ka mauʻu mauʻu. ʻO nā kiʻekiʻe kahi e pili ana nā hamsters a Brandt mai ka 1,000 a 2,200 mika ma luna o ke kai. ʻ dig ke kanu ʻia kēia hamster i nā lua no kahi e malu ai, aia ma kahi hohonu o 50 a 200 cm mai ka ihu o ka honua. Hoʻokomo ʻia kēia mau ʻuʻu he mau ʻUhane e alakaʻi ana i nā lumi no ka pili ʻana, e hānai ana a me ka hoʻomaha ʻana. Hoʻohana ʻia lākou no ka hānau ʻana.

Kauʻai. He ʻano ʻē kona ʻokoʻa a ka hamster o Brandt, akā ua kau ʻo ia i nā mea kanu a me nā mea kanu. ʻAi pū lākou i nā mea inikini, a hana i nā papa no ka hoʻoilo mai nā aʻa a me nā lau. Hoʻomaka pinepine nā hamt Brandt ma hope o ka mahiʻai a hānai i nā mea kanu i kanu ʻia iā lākou, kahi e manaʻo ʻia ai lākou he pōpilikia.

Nui a me nā hoʻoweliweli. He manuʻewa kekahi o ka hamster o Brandt, ʻoiai pili ia i nā kūlana ola. Noho pinepine kēia ʻano ma kahi o ka ʻāina mahiʻai a ua manaʻo ʻia ia he mea pōpilikia, nāna e hoʻonāukiuki i ka poʻe mahiʻai o nā wahi e hakakā ai i nā hamsters a Brandt a alakaʻi i kahi hōʻemi o ko lākou heluna.

Hoʻopili. Hiki i nā wahine hamt Brand hamster i ka wanana ma ka ʻewalu mau makahiki o ko lākou mau makahiki, ʻoiai ʻo ke kāne ʻehā paha mau makahiki o kona mau makahiki. Hiki i ka hamster a Brandt ke hoʻohuli a hiki i nā kuila lilia no kēlā me kēia makahiki me ka awelika o ʻokiʻoki he ʻumi. Pono ke keiki a ma kahi o 14-17 lā.

Palapala palapala

• V. E. Flint, Nā Mammals o ka USSR, Thought Publishing House, Moscow, 1965

ʻO Hamster kahiʻa. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino a hiki i ka 150 mm, ka ʻāpana lōʻihi a 39 mm paha. ʻO ke kala o ka ʻaoʻao o luna, he brownish-fawn, heʻeleʻele ka ʻaoʻao, ka nui o ka ʻōpū, ua pili pū me ke kua o ke pepeiao, keʻokeʻo ka ʻōpū i ka mālamalama, hina ka hina, a he wahi ʻeleʻele ma ka umauma ma waena o nā forelegs.

ʻAʻole hoʻopā ka mua i mua o ka puʻukū i loko o ka ʻaoʻao o ka pahu o ka lolo, e hele nei i ka lono i hope, e kaupalena ana i ka wahi o nā kuhi trapezoidal, a neʻe i ka ʻaoʻao o ka iwi hope o nā iwi nasal, e hoʻolōʻihi ʻia nei i ka lua interorbital. He like a i ʻole paha e pili kokoke i nā kihi ʻaoʻao o ka ʻaoʻao mua o ka iwi ʻihi, ke hoʻomaka nei ka wehe ʻana mai ka hapalua, a ma ko lākou mea kikoʻī ʻani kīwī mua i nā wēlau.

Kālā. ^ E Ha yM. Mauna a me kekahi ʻāpana piedmont piʻina o ka Front (komohana Iran, Turkey) a me kahi o Asia Minor a me Transcaucasia. Hiki ke loaʻa i loko o ka hema hema Ciscaucasia ma kekahi mau pā awāwa a me nā aweke o Dagestan ma ka hema a me ka hikina o ka muliwai. Sulaka (Buinaksk, Chir-Yurt, Buglen, etc.).

Ma Transcaucasia, he mokulele ka laulima o Brandt; he mau wahi noho kaawale i loko o ka Shirak steppe (Iorsky a me Kartalinsky plateaus) a i loko o waena a kūloko hoʻi ʻo Georgia (Tbilisi, Caspi, Kachreti, Karayazy, etc.). Nui nā mea i loaʻa i nā wahi o nā kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻAlau Kaukaona, ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo kona ʻaoʻao komohana a me ke komohana ʻākau, ma Nagorno-Karabakh a me nā kuamoʻo o ka Nakhichevan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic a me Talysh.

ʻIke ʻia nā koena Fossil mai ka Pleistocene mua (kahiki Georgia) ma ke komohana ʻākau o nā palena o ka ʻāpana o nā wahi hoʻoili.

He mea nui ka biology a me ka hoʻokele waiwai. Ma Transcaucasia, ʻo ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ka hamster Brandt nani i hoʻopili ʻia i ke kāʻei o nā kihi haki upland xerophytic cereal-wormwood a me kahi ʻāpana o nā kuahiwi mauna (hema Armenia) i nā wahi kiʻekiʻe mai 300 a 3000 m ma luna o ke kai. m., loa i loaʻa ma waena o 1200–2000 m. Ma ka hema hema o Ciscaucasia e noho ana i kahi o nā paepae i hoʻohui ʻia i nā kiʻekiʻe he 300-500 m ma luna o ke kai. m. Māhele i nā ʻāina ʻōpala a nalowale hoʻi e haʻalele pono, e noho maikaʻi a kokoke i waena o nā mea kanu.

Ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, noho kūlohelohe nā pōkole ʻokoʻa, kahi hoʻolālā hoʻolālā like me nā ʻano nui ʻē aʻe o nā ham ham, a aia wale nō ma Ciscaucasia kahi hale i ʻike ʻia i nā pauku e pili ana i ka kolone o kahi vole nui. ʻO ka lua o ke ana he hoʻokahi i ʻekolu mau mana e neʻe ana mai ka ʻaoʻao; no ka hapa nui, aia wale nō ka mea i hele mai i ka maka. Ma ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i nā ʻuā o nā ʻano ʻē aʻe o ka subfamili, ke papa oblique, kahi e hoʻomaka ai ka eli ʻana, ua pā pinepine ʻia me ka honua ma kona lōʻihi holoʻokoʻa a hiki i ka lumi mua. Aia nā ala nui i nā hohonu hohonu: aia ka lumi ākea i kahi hohonu o 2 m. Hiki ke hele pinepine ʻia nā ala ākea mai ka puʻu inletie, a aia kekahi mau wahi nui a puni nā wahi e ulu ʻole ai nā mea kanu.

Hoʻohālike i ke ʻano o nā mea kanu kūpono me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe Mesocricetus. ^ E Ha yM. ʻAʻohe ʻikepili i ka waiwai o nā mālama, aia i ka manawa kauwela-kauwela, loaʻa nā lau o nā cereals, clover, a me nā umbrella.

Manaʻo nā wahine pālua i 2 mau makahiki i ka makahiki. ʻO ka helu o ka poʻe'ōpio a hiki i ka 12-15. I Iune, ua hiki aku nā holoholona keu, kahi a hiki i ka hapalua o ka nui o ka pākeke, hoʻomaka ke alakaʻi i kahi ʻano kūʻokoʻa. Hoʻololi like ka lōʻihi o ka hānau ʻana me ka kiʻekiʻe o ke au, ʻo ka hoʻohālike ʻana, mai ka lā o Okatoba a i ka hoʻomaka o Dekemaba.

Ma kahi mau wahi a kā Brandt hamt i lawe mai i ka nui o ka hōʻino o ka hua palaoa. Hoʻomoe nā hiʻona i loko o nā kukui.

Ka loli ʻokoʻa. ʻAʻole i aʻo ʻia. Hoʻopau ʻike M. auratus ʻO ka hale wai, hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ma ke ʻano he holoholona holoholona, ​​ʻokoʻa ia mai ka Asia Minor hamster cytogenetically. ʻAʻole ʻike ʻia kēlā mau ʻokoʻa mai ka hamster Pre-Kaukaia, ʻike ʻia paha ia mau kanaka i ka ʻona lauwili o Dagestan i haʻahaʻa nā mea nui a me ka waihoʻoluʻu ma waena o nā subspecies liʻiliʻi o ka hamo Pre-Caucasian a me ka hamster Asia Minor.

Nā Hōʻoiaʻiʻo: Nā Mammals o ka USSR. Māhele 1. Ka Hale Paʻi o ka ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa o USSR. Moscow-Leningrad, 1963