ʻO ke koena o nā ʻano hemo lōʻihi o nā mammals i loaʻa i nā poʻe archaeologists i loko o ka Lehua ʻo Denisova ma Altai. I ka noiʻi ʻana i ka loaʻa, ʻike ʻepekema mai Institute of Molecular a Cellular Biology o ka SB RAS aia lākou he poʻe holoholona ʻehā, aia i kona helehelena ua like me ka hoki a me ka zebra.

Ua haʻi ʻia ke ana ʻo Denisova ma Altai i ka makahiki ʻumikūmāiwa ʻumikūmāiwa. Ua hoʻomaka nā mea noiʻi i nā lāʻau aliʻi i nā makahiki 80 o ke kenekulia i hala. Ua loaʻa i ka mea noiʻi Nikolai Ovodov ia no ka ʻepekema. Aia ke ana i nā koena o nā holoholona he 117 i noho ma Altai ma nā ʻāpana he nui, a me nā mea kīʻaha hale ma mua o 20 mau ʻatikala. Loaʻa nā mea ʻike a pau i nā hale hōʻikeʻike ma Novosibirsk a me Biysk.

Wahi a ka noiʻi a ke Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology SB RAS, ʻoi aku ma mua o 30 tausani mau makahiki i hala ma Altai, ma ka moku ʻo Denisova Cave, nā lio o nā ʻano holoholona i kū ʻole i kēia lā. Ma mua, ua hoʻoili ʻia nā koena ʻokoʻa i nā kulans. Akā ma kahi noiʻi noiʻi hohonu loa e hōʻike ana i ka genetically o kēia mau lio i kekahi mau holoholona i kapa ʻia ʻo nā lio ʻo Ovodov. Manaʻo nā limahana o ke institute no nā ʻano o ka helehelena, ua like kēia kaulike like me ka hoki a me ka zebra.

Ma waena o kahi zebra a me ka hoki

“Ua kapa ʻia kēlā lio. Inā hoʻokomo mākou iā ia, e like ka mea like ma waena o ka hoki a me ka zebra - pōkole, liʻiliʻi, ʻaʻole ia e like me ka mau lio maʻamau, "wahi a Anna Druzhkova, mea noiʻi ma ka Laboratory of Comparative Genomics.

Kuhi ʻia nā ʻepekema ʻo ke ʻano o nā makahiki pale hou i ʻike ʻia aia ma kahi o 18 tausani mau makahiki. Ua ʻōlelo lākou ua loaʻa i ka ʻike i kēlā mau lā ma Altai, ua nui ka nui o nā ʻōhua like ʻole i kēia manawa. Ua hōʻike ʻia ka holoholona i kēlā me kēia ʻano like ʻole.

"E hiki paha iā Denisov ke kanaka a me nā kānaka ʻē aʻe o Altai i kāwau i ka lio Ovodov," ʻōlelo a nā kānaka ʻepekema.

Hōʻoia i ke nānā ʻana

Pākuʻi nā mea noiʻi i nā koena o nā lio ʻaʻole wale mai Altai, akā mai Buryatia, Mongolia, a me ka ʻāpana ʻĀina o Rusia. No kekahi o lākou, ua loaʻa mua nā huaʻelima mitochondrial, a ʻike ʻoe i ke ʻano o nā ʻano hou o kēia wā e kokoke ana iā lākou.

I ka hōʻike kūikawā, kōkua nā ʻōnaehana molekala e ʻike i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o kekahi a i ʻole kekahi iwi āpau o ka iwi me ka pololei i nā ʻano. ʻO ka moʻolelo mitochondrial piha ʻole o ka lio Ovodov, he 48 tausani mau makahiki mai Khakassia, ua aʻo ʻia i ka wā ma mua, a hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ia i mea huna mai Denisova Cave, i hoʻolako ʻia e nā ʻepekema mai Institute of Archeology a me Ethnography o ka SB RAS, ua ʻike nā kānaka ʻepekema ʻo ia nā ʻano like ʻole o nā holoholona.

"Mahalo i nā hana hou o ke kuʻuna, hoʻonui ʻia i nā hale waihona puke no ka pau ʻana me nā pōpoki i makemake ʻia, a me ka hui piha ʻana o ka moʻomeheu mitochondrial, ka huaʻāina mitochondrial piha o ka lio ʻo Ovodov i loaʻa mua a me ka loaʻa ʻana o nā ʻano i ʻike mua ʻia mai ka ʻohana equine ma ke kāʻei o ka Altai hou.

ʻO nā makahiki kūpono

Wahi a Anna Druzhkova, ma ke anaʻo Denisova, ʻo ka manawa maʻamau ke ʻano o nā iwi āpau i hiki ke hoʻoholo ʻia e nā papa. Loaʻa kēia ʻike i kahi papona i manaʻo ʻia e kona makahiki he 20 tausani mau makahiki. Akā, ʻo ka nānā ʻana o ka radiocarbon i ka hoʻohālike i hōʻike ʻia ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi. Hōʻike ʻepekema nei i kēia e ka hoʻokaʻaka hou ʻana, ʻo ia hoʻi, ka wā o ka neʻe ʻana o ka iwi mai nā papa hohonu.

"Ke hōʻike hou nei kēia, e makaʻala mākou e pili ana i ka pilina ʻana ma nā lepe."

ʻO ka manawa mua, ʻo ka lio o Ovodov i wehewehe ʻia ma ka makahiki 2009 e ka mea kaulana kaulana o Rukia Nikolai Ovodov e kau nei i nā kumuhana mai Khakassia. Ua manaʻo ʻia aia aia kēia mau iwi i ka kulanui. Ma hope o ka loiloi hoʻomaʻemaʻe hohonu a me ka nānā ʻana, ua hoʻohuli ʻia ka hana o ka "kulans" Hema o Sīpia no nā kulans maoli, akā ʻo nā hiʻona o nā pūʻali archaic, ka hapanui o ka poʻe lio e like me ka tarpan a me ka lio Przhevalsky.