ʻO ka iʻa predator Taimen ʻohana salmon. Noho nā loko nui a me nā muliwai o ka Far East, Siberia, Altai, Northern Kazakhstan. ʻO ka momona ma mua o ka salmon. Hoʻopili ʻia ke kino kūpono me nā unahi liʻiliʻi.
Hoʻopili ʻia ka iʻa, me ke poʻo ulaula, me ka waha ikaika a me nā niho nui. ʻAno kala kala kala. Heʻeleʻele ke kua, me kahi ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ʻōmaʻomaʻo ka ʻōpū, keʻokeʻo-keʻokeʻo. Aia nā wahi pōʻeleʻele i kona kino elongated, ʻoi aku, ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o ke kua.
Aia hoʻi nā wahi ma ke poʻo, ma laila nui lākou. ʻAno ulaula ka caudal a me nā huluhulu, he hina ke koena, he keʻokeʻo ka pectoral a me ka ventral. Massa kāʻano like me ka makahiki. ʻO ka poʻe ʻehiku mau makahiki ʻehiku e kaupaona ana iā 3-4 kg e ulu a hiki i 70 cm.
I ka wā ulu, e loli ia i ke kala, lilo i ʻulaʻula ʻōmaʻomaʻo-ʻulaʻula. ʻO ka manawa ola he 15-17 mau makahiki. Ke ulu nei ʻo ia i koʻu ola a pau. Ua hiki i ka lōʻihi a hiki i 200 cm a kaupaona 90 kg. Kahi ʻia mea nui i loaʻa ma ka muliwai Yenisei.
Hoʻaiho
Mai ka wā nui, ua manaʻo ka poʻe e noho ana ma Siberia i lilo i haku nui no ka taiga, a me ka ʻona e lilo ai i ka mana o nā muliwai taiga a me nā loko. E makemake kēia iʻa waiwai i ka wai maʻemaʻe a me ka wao, nā wahi i ʻike ʻole ʻia, ka poʻe like ʻole e like me nā kahe piha piha ʻana me nā puʻupuʻu nui, nā koholā a me nā lua.
He mau lāʻau pohihihi kēia no ka luʻu o Yenisei, kahi mea ʻoluʻolu maikaʻi loa. Ma ka palena o Krasnoyarsk, loaʻa i ka nui ka nui o ka nui. Noho ka Taimen: Kemerovo, Tomsk rohe - nā kai Kiya a me Tom, ke Aupuni Repubalika ʻo Tuva, Irkutsk - nā ʻāpana wai: Lena, Angara, Oka. I ke kahua o Altai - i loko o nā punawai o nā Ob.
Siberian taimen (maʻamau) - ka ʻelele nui o ka ʻohana salmon. ʻO kekahi ʻano hua wai. Aia ka ʻāina koʻikoʻi ʻo ʻEulopa a me ʻAsia ʻĀkau. ʻO ka mea hoʻoholo nui loa.
Loaʻa iā ia ma nā muliwai o Siberia, ke kīkake o Amur. I ka pūnāwai, i ka wā e piʻi ai ka pae wai, hoʻomaka ka iʻa e neʻe kūʻē i ke kahe i nā kumu spawning. Koho ʻo Taimen i nā lepo stony-pebble, mai lalo mai nā kumu make, kahi e puka ai ka wai.
He lawaiʻa ikaika a paʻakikī ʻo Taimen, me ke kino ikaika a me ke kua hoʻi. ʻO ke kauwela ke noho nei i nā lua hohonu ma lalo o nā pōlā, i loko o nā puʻu me kahi hohonu, me nā wahi lewa. Hiki ke mālama ʻia i nā hui o kekahi mau kanaka i waenakonu o ka muliwai.
Ua ʻike maopopo iā ia kona ʻāpana o ka muliwai. Luna ʻaina. I ke kakahiaka, hoʻomaha loa ma hope o ka hahai. I loko o nā puʻu lulu i ka pōkole e ʻimi a puni ka uaki. ʻO ka iʻa ikaika a me ka mobile, hiki ke lele ma luna o nā paepae a me nā mea ʻē aʻe e ae.
No ka mālama ʻana i kēia iʻa ʻano nani me he ʻano laia, hoʻokomo ʻia nā hana palena. E holo aku lawaiʻa ʻula lawe ʻia e like me ka kānāwai - "hopu - hoʻokuʻu." Eia kekahi, he manawa kūpono nui kēia e nānā i kona hoʻomohala a me ka ulu ʻana o ka hana kūlohelohe.
ʻO ke ʻano a me ke ʻano o ka iʻa
Noho ʻana ma lalo o ka muliwai, i loko o nā mea hoihoi o ke kai hoʻoilo wai. Ma ke kakahiaka a kulana wīwī iā ia i ke kokoke i ka maka. I ka wā maloʻo, ma lalo o ka hau. E hui pū nā ʻelele ʻōpio i nā hui. Makemake ka iʻa pākeke me ka lawaiʻa kūʻokoʻa, i kekahi manawa hui pū i nā pālua. Hoʻonui ka hana salmon me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ke aniani.
Inā mahana ka wai, lohi ka iʻa, hoʻowahāwahā ʻia. Loaʻa ka hana kiʻekiʻe loa i ka mahina o Kepakemapa, inā e loaʻa ana ke kaumaha. ʻAʻole hopohopo i nā pāpū a me nā haʻalulu, hiki iā lākou ke lele maʻalahi ma luna o kahi wai liʻiliʻi a i ʻole blockage.
Hiki iā lākou ke neʻe i loko o ka wai pāpaku ke ʻike ʻia ke kua o ko lākou kua ma luna o ka wai. Makemake ʻo ia i ka ua, makani ʻino hoʻi. Manaʻo ʻia ua wikiwiki ka wikiwiki o ka pua, a ʻo ka mānoanoa ka wikiwiki, ka wikiwiki ka neʻe. ʻ saylelo nā lawaiʻa e hiki i nā mea kaona ke kani i nā leo e lohe ʻia ana mai lalo o ka wai.
Mea ʻai
I ka hopena o ke kolu o ka mahina o ke kauwela, e ulu a ka palaoa i kahi 40 mm, ka meaʻai mua o ka palaoa i ka palua o ko lākou mau hoahānau. I nā makahiki 3-4 mua, ʻoi ka ʻai o ka iʻa maʻa i nā mea ʻino a me nā ʻai o nā iʻa ʻē aʻe, a laila ʻo ka nui o ka iʻa. ʻApiopio - nā iʻa: perches, gudgeons a me nā holoholona wai hou. Ua makemake nui ia i ka wai waiʻu a me nā momona ʻē aʻe (ducklings, shrews, mouse voles).
Hiki i nā holoholona liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi ke lilo i kāna waiwai inā kokoke lākou i ka wai. E puka mai ana ia mai loko o ka wai a loaʻa i ka holoholona ma ka ʻāina. Makemake ʻo ia i nā baki, nā ʻiole, nā puʻu, nā pika a me nā kuikena, akā ʻo ka mea nui loa - ka ʻulaʻula. Hana maikaʻi ʻo Taimen i kēlā me kēia makahiki, ke kāpae ʻole i ka manawa mokulele, ikaika loa ma hope o ka spawning. Ka ulu wikiwiki. Ma nā makahiki he ʻumi, hiki aku i ka haneli cm he lōʻihi, 10 kg ka paona.
ʻAno hānau
Ma Altai spawning i ʻApelila, ma nā Northern Urals i Mei. He caviar Taimen amber - ʻulaʻula, ka nui o ka pea (5 a ʻoi aku mm). Manaʻo ʻia ua huaʻili nā hua ma mua o hoʻokahi ma ka makahiki hoʻokahi, akā ʻo ka liʻiliʻi pinepine. Ma hope o ka hele ʻana, hoʻi akula lākou i ka home i ko lākou wahi i noho mua ai.
ʻO ka helu maʻamau o nā hua o ka mea hoʻokahi hoʻokahi 10-30 tausani. Hāʻawi ka wahine i nā hua i loko o ka lua ma lalo o ka muliwai, ʻo ia iho e hana ai. ʻO nā kāne maikaʻi i ka lole mare, ko lākou kino, pūlū ma lalo o ka huelo, lilo i ʻulaʻula - ʻulaʻula. Hoʻonani maikaʻi ʻole i ka helehelena - nā pāʻani kīwī a iʻa iʻa taimen!
Kāwili hewa
ʻAʻole kālepa kēia ʻano. Hiki i nā kiʻina ke lawelawe e like me ka nozzle (pōʻeleʻele i ka pō, kukui i ka lā). No nā taimen maikaʻi, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ilo. Wahi a nā loiloi e lawaiʻa ʻana, e hana i ka pāʻiliʻi i nā ʻano like ʻole: hiki iā ia ke kāwili me kāna ʻili a i ʻole ai kahi i hele a hohonu. Hiki iā ia ke wāwahi a hōʻoki paha i ka laina lawaiʻa i ka manawa lawaiʻa ʻana mai ka wai. I mea e hōʻino ʻole ai i ka iʻa, pono ʻoe e huki koke i kahakai, e huki ana i ka paʻa ma ke kua me kahi kaula.
No ka lawaiʻa ʻana i ka milo a i ʻole ma nā ala ʻē aʻe, e koi ʻia ka ʻokoʻa kūikawā e nā luna o nā wahi, no ka mea ʻoi ka mālama ʻia o ka iʻa eʻai ai. Mīkini o Taimen: Sakhalin (ma ke kai o Iapana, ʻo nā wai wai kai a pono wale ia i kūpono no ia), Danube, Siberian - wai hou.
He mea hoʻonaʻauao ʻo Taimen no ke ʻano Siberian. Ma muli o ka haunaele hale, hoʻemi ʻana i nā helu, kiʻekiʻe ke kumukūʻai o ka lāʻau. ʻO ka pua puaʻa ma ka ʻaoʻao kiʻekiʻe o ke kiʻi he 230 mau kānaka. I ka makahiki 1998, ua hoʻokomo 'ia nā kūmole i ka Wau Puke Ma'āina o Altai Territory. I kēia lā lawaiʻa ʻula pāpā ʻia! I kēia manawa ke kūkulu ʻia nei kahi papahana e hoʻolaʻa e pale aku i ka nui o kekahi ʻano.
Nānā ʻano
Mālama kēia iʻa i ka ʻohana salmon, ʻo ia ka huaʻī o ke taimen. Hoʻokomo pū ʻia kēia ʻano ʻano ʻano like like me ka maʻamau, Korea, Sichuan, Danube, Sakhalin.
ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona o ka genus ka mea o ka loaʻa ʻole o nāʻokoʻa koʻikoʻi ma waena o nā ʻano mea i loko. Nānā nā ʻelele a pau:
- ke kino lōʻihi o kahi iʻa hoʻāno iʻa,
- ua pālahalaha ʻia mai luna a mai nā ʻaoʻao me ka "pike" poʻo,
- ka hāleo nui e wehe ai i mua i nā iwi gill,
- ʻelua mau lālani nui, kūwili a me nā niho nui.
- ʻuʻuku, hapa nui,
- ma ka apana o ka laina o hope e he mau wahi pōʻeleʻele ka nui o ka pea,
- nā palahalaha multi-color: caudal a me anal ke waihoʻoluʻu ʻulaʻula, dorsal i ʻeleʻele hina hina, pectoral a me nā ʻōpū ʻulaʻula hina.
ʻOiai ke ʻano o ka Siberia i kapa ʻia kēia iʻa ka ʻulaʻula, he paʻakikī ke hoʻohuli ʻia me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe. ʻO kekahi mea e like me nā mea maʻamau a nā ʻāpana o nā kuahiwi a me nā loko, lenok a me ka hina. Eia nō naʻe, ʻoi aku ka nui a me ka paler ma mua o ko lākou hoalauna i loko o kahi hoʻomoʻa maloʻo.
Kālai: iʻa kaʻaʻai (25 kiʻi)
ʻO nā hale noho i kahi kikoʻī
Aia ʻelua mau manaʻo - kahi noho a me ka biotope. ʻO ka'āina kahi wahi e noho ai nā ʻelele o kēia ʻano ʻano a i ʻole nā ʻano. ʻO kahi biotope ka like like me ke ʻano o ka nohona biogenic a me ka hoʻohālikelike i ka nui o nā ʻano i komo i loko o kēia biocenosis ola.
Ua palena iki ka laulā i ka ʻāpana ʻĀina o Rusia. ʻIke ʻia kēia mau iʻa ma nā kahawai o nā Urals, Yakutia, ka ʻaoʻao hema o ka Far East, Khakassia, Buryatia, Transbaikalia.
Inā e wehewehe i ka wahi ma ke kahuhipa, nā wai like:
Hiki ke hālāwai me Taimen ma loko o ka loko Telomenoye a me Khanka.
Loaʻa wale ʻia nā wai maemae a me nā moʻo i ʻike ʻia. ʻOiai ke ʻano o ka like me ka pike, he ʻano maʻamau a me nā loko. Ua makemake lāua e noho i nā wahi he nui nā whirlpools a me nā lua. Pono e hūnā ʻia kēlā kino kino i ka lua, a hohonu hohonu. Noho ka noho ʻana i nā hale kiaʻi, ʻili kolohe.
ʻO ke kaumaha o ka pākeke ua hiki ke 60-80 kg
Pehea e ʻano ai
Hoʻomaka kēia aliʻi-iʻa o ka wai anuanu e ulu a hala hiki i kahi lōʻihi o 60 cm. He pilikia nui kēia no nā ʻano nui. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo me ka nui o nā hana o nā lawaiʻa, he nui iki nā manawa e ola nei a hiki i kēia hana. I ka hopena, ʻo ka liʻiliʻi a me nā poʻe liʻiliʻi i hiki ke hoʻoulu i ka noho mālama ʻana i nā hale noho waiwai.
Hiki paha, me kahi koʻikoʻi lawaiʻa, e luku loa i ka heluna holoʻokoʻa o ke animen, hina a hina a me ke kuhok ma kekahi kahawai kuahiwi? ʻOiaʻiʻo hiki iā ʻoe. Hoʻokomo ʻia kēia mau iʻa a i nā lua a me nā lua, ke hele nei i nā pelae a me nā lono no ka lawaiʻa a me ka lawaiʻa. Hoʻomaopopo i ke ʻano o nā lua ma ke kahawai, hiki iā ʻoe ke hopu i nā iʻa nui e hiki ai ke hānau. ʻO ke koena e ola ana, ʻoiaʻiʻo, hiki ke ulu a hoʻomaka i ka hoʻonui. Akā, e hana wale nō kēia inā haʻalele kekahi i nā lua o kēia muliwai wale nō ma kahi o 5 mau makahiki. Inā ʻaʻole makemake kēia, e nalo aku ka ʻona mai kēlā ʻano waiwai.
Me ka lenoks a me ka hina haʻahaʻa e maʻalahi - e hele koke lākou i ka wā akilele, no laila hiki iā lākou ke loaʻa ka manawa e waiho i nā hua a hiki i ka ʻike hou ʻana o ka lawaiʻa i nā lua.
ʻOiʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka hānai ʻana i ka iʻa nui i nā kūlana o ka ikaika anthropogenic ikaika, no laila, he ʻaneʻanea nā animen. ʻO ka kīʻaha o ke ola ʻo ia ka liʻiliʻi o ka iʻa i loko o nā muliwai, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hopu holoholona no ia mea. ʻAʻole wale ka hihia i loko o ka gastronomic a me ka waiwai kūʻai o kēia ʻano. Ke hoʻonui nui nei ʻo Taimen ma kāna poʻo iʻa mai ka mea i hopu ʻia i ka māhele trope. I ka huaʻōlelo ʻē, ʻike pinepine lākou iā ia ʻaʻole e ʻai, akā hoʻokolohua.
ʻO ka hopu ʻana o kekahi e ʻoi aku ma kahi o 60 cm ka nui ma kahi hoʻokahi e alakaʻi i ka nalowale piha ʻana o ka nui o ka hoʻonui ʻana i kēia heluna. No kēia kumu, ʻaʻole make koke ka iʻa ma luna o ka ʻāina a puni, akā ma ka muliwai ponoʻī a me nā kaʻe, ʻo ia hoʻi, kahi e lawaiʻa ai nā lawaiʻa o nā ʻāʻei - pono ʻole a me ka huhū.
Hoʻopili i nā keimen, e like me nā iʻa a pau ma nā wahi anuanu, hoʻomaka i ka pūnāwai. ʻO ka mahalo, i kēia manawa, hoʻololi ka poʻe maikaʻi i kā lākou kala kala, ka mea e kāwili iā lākou i nā wai mālamalama, i nā mālamalama keleawe-ʻulaʻulaʻula. I kēia manawa, i ka wā e lilo ai ka mea ʻula kālā i ka "pike ʻulaʻula", nani ia i ʻike ʻia e nā poʻe ʻimi lawaiʻa kino. Akā, pono e lawe kekahi i nā pilikia, no ka mea, pono e loaʻa nā kāne a me nā wahine i kekahi i kekahi ma ka hiki ke hiki. I ka loaʻa ʻana o nā hua liʻiliʻi, loli koke nā poʻe i ko lākou ʻulaʻula i ka maʻamau. Ma hope o kēlā, hoʻohui hou lākou me nā kala o ka muliwai mauna.
ʻOiai ka cimear taimen mai nā iʻa nui, he mau liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi ia - ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ma mua o 5.5-6 mm. Hiki i nā wahine ʻōpio ke kau aku ma mua o nā tausani he 3,000 mau huaʻai i ka manawa. Hiki i nā poʻe ʻelemakule ke hoʻolei i nā hua i 2 mau manawa hou aku.
ʻO Taimen, e noho nei i nā kai wai nui, ʻo ia ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo "shark" kēia wai.
No ka hana ʻana i ka papa ʻaina o ka manihala, ala maila nā wahine i ka puʻu kiʻekiʻe o nā kahawai a kūkulu i nā ʻuʻuku ma laila mai nā pebbles maʻemaʻe. Ma kēia wahi paʻa, mālama ʻia nā caviar no hoʻokahi mahina. Kūleʻa ka palaoa a ma ka hopena o ke kauwela ua holo lākou i kahi i noho ai nā pākeke a pau.
Hoʻokomo hānai nā pēpē i nā holoholona invertebrate e noho ana i ka wai a hāʻule paha ma luna o kona alo. I kekahi mau lā ma hope mai, ua hiki i nā poʻe ʻōpio ke huki i ka iʻa o nā iʻa ʻē aʻe.
ʻO nā pilikia Taimen
ʻIke ʻo nā lawaiʻa he lanakila nui ka loaʻa ʻana. ʻAʻole hoʻokumu ʻia kēia manaʻo mai ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻole e paʻakikī. ʻO nā mea wale nō o kēia ʻano e hele a emi iho. ʻO ka mea i luna aʻe e wehewehe i nā kumu no ke kaohi o ka nui o nā ʻano. Akā, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka papa inoa o nā pilikia. Eia ka lākou penei:
- ʻAi hopu nui. Kūʻē koʻikoʻi no ka heluna ka nui o nā kanaka makua ʻokiʻoki. ʻAʻole kōkua nā kuʻuna o kēia hoʻokuʻu i nā mea i ka lawe ʻana mai i kahi kaula mai ia. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o ka pōʻino o ka iʻa ua nui ka pōʻino o ka iʻa ma hope o kēlā "aloha" a make ia i ka pōloli a me nā mea hōʻili. Maʻa mau ʻia kekahi iʻa pōʻino e lilo i mea pōmaikaʻi o nā kanaka olakino e kūleʻa ana, a me kahi iʻa nui, no ka ʻoliʻoli o kāna mau mea he nui, ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻai no ka manawa lōʻihi. Hoʻokomo pinepine ʻia kahi maʻi i nā ʻeha mai ka mākeke, ka mea no ka suppuration, a make ka iʻa ma ka maʻi. No laila e hoʻopau i ka pilikia o ka hoʻoluhi nui hiki ke hoʻoponopono wale i ka hana ʻana o kēia ʻano.
- Hoʻololi loa ka wai i loko o ka wai noho ʻana i ka wai ma lalo o ke ʻano o ka hana a ke kanaka. Hoʻololi ʻia ka loli o ka noho ʻana o ka ea wai ma muli o ke ʻano mahana. ʻO ka hoʻololi i ke ea kūlohelohe o ka wai haneli ma ka liʻiliʻi o 0,5 kekelē hiki ke koʻikoʻi i ka mokuʻāina o nā kānaka. Ke alakaʻi aku nei nā ahi i ka nahele i ka hoʻomehana ʻana i ka wai. ʻO ka lehu ʻeleʻele ʻole i uhi ʻia e ka malu mai nā lāʻau e hāʻawi i ka hoʻomainu ʻana i ka lepo, mai ka wai mahana e kahe i ka wai.
- ʻO nā ahi a me nā hana pāʻoihana e hoʻololi i ka pH o ka wai. ʻAʻoleʻo ia wale ka neʻe, akā ke alkaline kekahi, e hoʻopilikia i ka mokuʻāina o ka nui o nā salmonids.
- ʻO Taimen kahi noho noho o nā kaila oligotrophic. Pono ka wai i loko o lākou i nā meaʻala e hoʻopuka i nā mea organics. Hoʻopili ʻia nā hui o ke taimen, lenok, hina a me ka trout i ke ola i loko o nā wai wale nō. Ma muli o kahi hana anthropogenic (ʻo ka mahiʻai me ka nui o nā kō, nā hana hoʻohālikelike ʻana i nā kōnona hydroelectric me ka nui o ka hōʻemi i nā mea kūlohelohe, a.). I nā makahiki mua ma hope o kēia kaʻina hana, make ka hapanui o nā mea make mai ka nele o ka oxygen. ʻO ka iʻa i hoʻoponopono ʻia i nā kūlana o nā kaila oligotrophic ma waena o ka make mua.
- Hoʻopukapaha ka minamina, ʻo ke gula, a ma ka ʻaoʻao o nā kahawai wai e hoʻololi i ka wai a me ke kino kūlohelohe, a me ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā lua o nā kaila. ʻAʻole wale kēia mau alakaʻi i ka emi o ka nui o ka iʻa o kēia mau ʻano, akā no ko lākou nalowale pau ʻana.
- ʻO ka hoʻohālikelike o nā wai wai e nā effluents ʻoihana e hoʻololi nui i nā waiwai o ka wai, ka mea e hoʻopilikia i nā ʻano o nā ʻano o kēia mau biocenoses. Ma muli o kēia, ua loli ke ʻano o nā "pike ʻulaʻula" me kahi paila maoli, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma ke koho ʻana i nā kino wai a me nā kūlana o ke kaiāulu, a ʻoi aku hoʻi ka waiwai.
ʻO kēia mamao mai ka papa inoa piha o nā pilikia o ka nui iʻa o ka wai oligotrophic anuanu e hōʻike ana aia i kahi manawa e hiki mai ana e emi iho a e emi mai nā kāimen o nā ʻano āpau. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole koke mai ka māka i ka lawaiʻa, ka iʻa, nā nui a me ka liʻiliʻi ", e mau nō ka ʻōlelo hope loa.
ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻoiaʻiʻo, he wahine akamai. Inā ʻaʻole e ʻae ka poʻe i nā mea nui e hōʻuluʻulu, a laila ua hele a hana hou ka hana ma nā kikoʻī. Ke ʻano nei ka ʻike ʻana i nā mea kū hoʻokahi. No laila, e lilo koke ka taimen iʻa iʻa liʻiliʻi.
ʻO ka pākuʻi a me ka noho
Noho ʻo ia i loko o ka wai wai - nā wai kahe kahe a me nā wai anuanu i hele ʻole ʻole i ke kai. Ua loaʻa ia ma Rusia ma kahi ākea nui: mai nā Urals (Pechora a me nā kīʻaha muliwai Kama) a i nā kahawai hikina o Yakutia a me ka ʻaoʻao hema o ka East East (ʻo Yana, Aldan, Uda, Tugur nā kahawai, i ka muliwai Amur me nā kahawai Gur, Bira, Katen, Kafen, Sukpai, Chur , ʻO Tunguska, Anyui, Khor), ma Sakhalin (kaʻe ma ke kahawai ʻo Tym kokoke i nā kauhale o Tymovskoye, Krasnaya Tym, Beloye, aia 200 km mai ka waha, Melkoy a me Bogataya, a me ka muliwai Poronay). Noho ka ʻona ʻo Sakhalin i ke Kai o Okhotsk. Loaʻa iā ia ma Khakassia ma ke kahawai Abakan. Makemake nui ʻo Taimen i ka holo wikiwiki. Loaʻa ʻia ma ke kumu o ka muliwai Biya (Teletskoye Lake, Altai Republic), a me ka muliwai Katun. Ua pālahalaha ʻia ma nā muliwai Siberian Yenisei, Angara, Malaya a me Bolshaya Belaya, Chikoe, Belaya, Onot, Urik, Oka, akā i ka helu helu. Ma Transbaikalia, mālama ʻia ʻo ia ma nā muliwai Onon a me Vitim, akā ma Mongolia he nui aku nā iʻa ma kēia kahawai. I ka Pūnaehana o Buryatia - i ka muliwai Uda. Aia ma ka muliwai Turku, Maksimikha, Barguzin. Ma ka Terorioriʻo Primorsky, ua pālahalaha loa ia ma nā kahawai o ka muliwaiʻo Amur: Ussuri, Bikin, Bolshaya Ussurka, a me ka loko. Hanka.
Nā ʻike ʻē aʻe
I ke kauwela, noho nō ia i nā puʻu mauna me ka wai anuanu; i ka hoʻoilo, ua hōʻea hoʻi i nā kahawai pāpū o ka ʻāpana o Amur.
ʻO ke kauwela, hopu ʻia ka ʻona e ke kahe ʻana i nā manamana, nā jig head, nā kiʻi kūloko, i ka hoʻoilo - ma ka "mahalka" me nā poʻe kālai hoʻoilo.
ʻAi ʻole ka ʻōpū, e like me nā iʻa molemona, palupalu ka ʻiʻo, momona, a ʻulaʻula.
ʻO ka waha o ka ʻū Amur.
Ke kūlana palekana
Buke Red Russia ke kahe ana o ka heluna kanaka | |
E ʻike i ka ʻike Kūʻano maʻamau ma ka pūnaewele IPEE RAS |
Komo ʻia ʻo ia ma ka Buke Hoʻolaha o Lūkia, ʻo ka Buke Red o Khanty-Mansi ʻAnōkōkō Okrug-Ugra, ʻo ka Puke Mua o ke Irkutsk Region a me nā mea'ē aʻe.
He ʻano ʻie taimen
ʻO ka ʻanoʻano genus ka taxa he Siberian, a i ʻole kaimenie maʻamau (Hucho taimen) ia, i ʻike ʻia hoʻi e nā inoa maʻamau "krasulya", "palaualole", "talmen". Hoʻohālikelike ia me ka nui o ka nui o ka salmon a me ka piha piha o ka mīkini hypoosmotic pono no ka noho palekana ma ke kai. Ma kahi o nā maʻamau, hoʻokaʻawale nā mea loea i ka Korean (Ishikawae), Sichuan (Bleekeri) a me nā ʻano Mityagin (Mityagin). ʻO kekahi lālā kaulana o ka ʻohana ʻano Danmon salmon (Hucho hucho).
No ka nui o nā wai ka wai ka wai o ka wai nui a ʻo ka mea i hiki i ke kūlana he hiki ke ola no nā makahiki he 60 mau makahiki. I nā pahu hopu, nā kānaka ʻōpio 6-7 mau makahiki (55-70 cm) e kau ana i ka 3.5-5 kg. Kūleʻa nā iʻa pākeke, ʻoi mau makahiki he 12 mau mika ka lōʻihi o ka ʻāpana he 12 kg. I nā makahiki 20, ʻo ka lōʻihi o ka predator he 120-125 cm (25-30 kg). Akā ʻoi aku kēia mau hōʻailona i ka mamao loa - ka lāʻau nui loa e kau ana ma luna o 105 kg me ka hoʻonui ʻana o 210 cm (1943, ke awa o Kotuy, Krasnoyarsk Territory).
ʻO keʻano o ka helehelena
ʻO ke ʻano nui o ka progonous a me elongated o ke kino i ka mea like me ke kāʻei o ka trout a loaʻa nā pākika streamline kūpono e hāpai i ka wikiwiki wikiwiki i ka wai. ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona ʻē aʻe o ka hiʻohiʻona o ka taimen ka:
- lili ʻia nā ipo i ka huelo,
- poʻo poʻo nui
- nā unahi liʻiliʻi (140-150 i ka laina kaha),
- pūpū nui hope me nā niho koʻikoʻi ua kūlou i loko (ʻelua mau lālani),
- 11-13 kauā stanens,
- hina ʻeleʻele (dorsal), lehu ahi (ventral, pectoral) a me ka ʻulaʻula (anal, caudal) mau ʻeke.
Hoʻonohonoho ʻia ke kala ʻulaʻula ʻia e ke kāʻei a i ʻole nā kāʻei a i ʻole nā pihi kālā a me nā wahi pihi me nā wahi ʻeleʻele. I ka wā o ka spawning, hoʻāla ʻia ke kino i ke keleawe, ʻona a ʻona paha. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā holoholona ʻōpio ma ke alo ʻia o nā kīkaha transversʻeleʻele.
Aia maʻa kahi iʻa ika
Ma Lūkini, ʻo ka papahele nui e hōʻike ʻia ana e nā muliwai, nā punawai a me nā wai wai anuanu o Middle, Western, Eastern Siberia a me nā kīneke o nā kahe o Laptev, Okhotk, Japanese a me Kara. Noho ʻo Taimen ma nā Lena, Yenisei, Hangar, a me Oka. Aia ʻo ia i ka Urals (Kama, Pechora), Khakassia (Abakan), Lāʻāina Altai (Biya, Katun), ka ʻAka Leka a me Transbaikalia (Amur, Tunguska, Yana, Shilka, Vitim, Onon). ʻAʻole ʻo Krasul i pale aku iā Sakhalin (Langra, Bolshoi Chingai, Pogibi, Nyida), he mau muliwai i ka Teritiki Primorsky e kahe ana i loko o ka wai moana o ka Pakipika (Margaritovka, Milogradovka, Avvakumovka).
ʻO ke helehelena o kaʻano hoʻohālike
Hoʻopili ke kino o ka iʻa me ka ʻāʻī, ka mākīkī, ka hōʻai ʻana, i uhi ʻia me nā unahi liʻiliʻi. Ua pālahalaha ʻia ke poʻo ākea e luna a mai nā ʻaoʻao. Hoʻokomo ʻia kekahi waha maikaʻi nui me nā niho nui, kū i loko, a me nā niho koʻikoʻi. Kahi ke poʻo i ka hana pike me ke poʻo o ka pike ("pike ʻulaʻula" kekahi inoa ʻē aʻe no kēia ʻano ʻehā ma Urals). ʻO ke kala o nā unahi ke kala kālā a he ʻulaʻula paha ma nā ʻaoʻao, e huli ana i ka uliuli-ʻula ma ka kua, hina a keʻokeʻo ma luna o ka ʻōpū. ʻO ke poʻo, nā ʻaoʻao, nā pale i uhi i nā mea e pono ai nā wahi iʻeleʻele. Caudal fin ʻulaʻula a i ʻole ʻemeni-kala, dorsal, ventral a me ka pectoral - he lei kala hina. I ka wā mare kāʻano ʻaʻahu ʻia i ke kapa keleawe-ulaula.
Paona
ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka haʻalele ʻana i nā ultralight a me nā puka māmā hiki ʻole i keʻike i ka nui a me ka nui o nā peʻa peʻa - i ka wā e pāʻani ai, ʻo ka mea make ka "waiho kukui", lele i ka wai o ka wai nui. ʻO ka pae lawaiʻa 2.2-3.0 m ka lōʻihi me ka palaoa wīwī mai 50-60 g ka maikaʻi loa I ka lawaiʻa ʻana no ka taimen, ʻo Aiko SGP, Daiwa Whisker, Hearty Rise SYLPHY e hoʻomaʻamaʻa maikaʻi ana iā lākou iho. Ke koho ʻana i kahi reel, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā hiʻohiʻona hoʻohālikelike a i ʻole nā multipaction traction models me ka friction load no 7-10 kg a me ka mana o ka 4000 e like me ka helu ʻana o Shimano. He kaula kaila me ka ʻaoʻao ʻāpana o 0.23-0.3 mm me ka uha ʻana i ka 12-40 kg e hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano nui. I mea e pale ʻole ai i ka wikiwiki o ka vein ma luna o nā pōhaku, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i ke alakaʻi shock fluorocarbon. Ua lohi nā wili nui.
Ke noho maʻamau
ʻO kēia kahi iʻa wai wai nui e noho nei i nā kahawai wikiwiki me ka wai maikaʻi, hoʻōla maikaʻi, a me ka wai maʻemaʻe, akā komo pū kekahi i nā loko. I ke kauwela, makemake kēia iʻa i nā muliwai liʻiliʻi a me kā lākou lawe, a me ka hoʻoilo ma ka hoʻoilo ma ka loko o nā waikahe nui a me nā loko.
Loaʻa nā hale noho punahele - a hōʻea, nā puʻuwai, nā mauhe ʻaʻole i mamao loa mai nā kolo o nā kīlū a me nā holo. Mālama nā 'ōpiopio i nā holoholona, ʻoi aku ka nui a me nā pākeke e ʻimi wale aku.
ʻOi ke ʻano ikaika o Taimen i ka pūnāwai a me ke kauwela kauwela, ma hope o ka spawning. Me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka wela, e lohi aʻa ka iʻa, no laila ʻaʻohe hiki ke hopu i ka iʻa nui i Iulai a me ka hoʻomaka o ʻAukake. Hoʻāla ʻia ka hana hou e ka hopena o ʻAukake, a i Kepakemapa kahi lime gugur, kahi e kū ana a hiki i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ka hau.
Nā Mānāwai o Taimen
ʻOkoʻa nā Ichthyologists i 4 mau kūʻokoʻa kūʻokoʻa.
- Noho ʻo Salmon salmon i ka puʻu a waena waena o ka Danube, ma ke kahawai ʻo Prut, ma ka loko o Yalpug.
- Loaʻa ka taimen Korea i ka muliwai Yalu, ʻo ka mea nui i ka ʻaoʻao kiʻekiʻe.
- Loaʻa ka Sichuan taimen ma kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o ka muliwai ʻo Yangtze. ʻOkoʻa ka ʻokoʻa mai nā congeners i ke ʻano o ke ʻōpala. ʻO ka nānā ma ka loulou o ka pau.
- Ke noho nei ka ʻāpana maʻamau a i ʻole Siberian wai i nā muliwai o Siberia a me ka Far East (Amur, Tugur, Ud). Noho ʻo nā kānaka liʻiliʻi ma Baikal, Zaysan (Kazakhstan) a me nā loko ʻo Norilsk. Loaʻa ia ma Altai - ma Teletskoye Lake a me ka muliwai Chulyshman. Ma ka ʻauʻau Kama, loaʻa i loko o nā wahi liʻiliʻi i nā kahawai Chusovaya, Kolva, Vishera. ʻO ka nui ka nui ma ka nui.
Noho ʻia ke kūlana kūikawā ma ka ʻona Sakhalin a i ʻole chevitsa. ʻAʻole e like me nā mea ʻē aʻe e noho nei ma nā wai wai wai, nā lentil ka iʻa lau. ʻO ka hapa nui o ke ola ʻo Sakhalin e kahe ana i ka wai kai. ʻIke ʻia kēia iʻa ma nā muliwai Sakhalin, Lake Tunaicha, ma ke Kaiwa o Peter ka Nui, kokoke a kokoke. Hokkaido a ma na wai o ke Kai o Iapana.
Lawaiʻa ʻo Taimen
I ka mana, wikiwiki e hoʻoneʻe i ka wikiwiki a me nā wits wikiwiki, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻohālikelike i ka iʻa muliwai me ka taimen. Ma muli o kēia, ua manaʻo ʻia ka mea kūʻai aku he hoa kūleʻa no ka mea hoʻokūkū lawelima. No ka hopu ʻana i kēia iʻa nui a akamai, pono ʻoe i kahi kōkua, ikaika a me ke akamai, a me ka pānaʻi ikaika. Maʻa ikaika mau i ka kūlohelohe he mau 10-12 kg iʻa. Pono ka lawaiʻa ʻana i nā ʻāpana he nui, ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka ʻāʻī ʻana, e koi i ka nui o ke hoʻoikaika kino a me ke ahonui i ka lawaiʻa ʻana - e kaupaona ana nā kaupaona 30-40 kg i hiki ke pale a ʻānō i nā hola he nui.
ʻO ka pinepine, hoʻohana nā lawaiʻa i ka spinning no ka lawaiʻa. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia e hoʻohana i kahi koʻokoʻo ʻelua, ikaika a paʻa ʻole, ma ka liʻiliʻi he 2.7 mika lōʻihi. Hoʻohana pinepine ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi coers inertial i ka wā e hoʻā ʻia ai kahi torpedo ola me nā hōʻeha lima, no laila, ʻoi aku ia e kau i kahi inertialess a i ʻole multiplier coil i ka wā o ka hopu ʻana no ka lāʻau. Manaʻo ka ʻūhā e like me ka hihiko ikaika, ka iʻa ma hope o ka hōʻoki ʻana e holo kaʻo ʻana ma luna o ka pulu a moe paha ma lalo. ʻO ka manawa pinepine, ka mea i haki ʻia e ke "kukui" e lele i waho o ka wai no ka lōʻihi o ke kino, e wikiwiki ana i ka moku. Hiki i nā pūʻulu nui ke "kahaki" i ka lawaiʻa a huli paha ma luna o ka moku.
Aia kekahi manawa e hoʻopalapula ai kahi predator nui i nā apo, a wāwahi i nā kuʻekuʻe nui, no laila, e pono ai kahi hale nui, me nā pihi hilinaʻi, i hana ʻia i ka kila maikaʻi a lako ʻia me kahi laina lawaiʻa paʻa (hiki i 0.8 mm). Makemake kekahi poʻe hoʻonaninani e hoʻohana i nā mea pena home. ʻO ka lawaiʻa o Irkutsk, e like me ka maunu, ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi mea koʻikoʻi i kapa ʻia, ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo "ka diabolo liʻiliʻi": kahi alakaʻi kipi a me kahi pōpō wili e kau ʻia ma luna o ka lāʻau hao ma kahi o kahi petal. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka laʻa no ka poʻe kahe, ka mea i hoʻopili ai ka bait a i kahi awelika, kokoke i lalo.
I nā kūlana o ka lawaiʻa ʻana ma nā kahawai wikiwiki, ʻokoʻa hoʻi nā mea hoʻowalewale, hoʻohana ʻia nā wobbler. Ke koho ʻana i kahi kolikō, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka noho ʻana i loko o ka bulu, walaʻau. ʻO kēia mau lōʻihi (ʻoi aku ma mua o 12 cm) mau mau baits lōʻihi me nā waihoʻoluʻu like ʻole. I ke ao palekeʻeleʻele, nā aniani, nā hiʻohiʻona kūpono, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi, a ma nā lā wela - ke akamai, nā kala kūlohelohe.
Hoʻopili i nā mea pala a me nā lī, nā hōʻike maikaʻi e hōʻike ʻia e ka hopu ʻana i ka taimen ma kahi kiʻi, e hoʻohālike ana i ka ʻano o kahi holoholona i hāʻule i loko o ka wai, e kahe ana i ke kai. Hoʻohana ʻia kēia ʻano ma ka huluhulu, ʻoiai ʻo kahi mea makaʻu makaʻu ai makaʻu ʻole paha e hiki ke pane mai i kahi kiʻīole i ke ao. Ke hele hele makemake nei i ka kiʻi i ka wā lulu zhora. I ka manawa maʻamau ke hopu a ka iʻa i ka "kiʻi" ma ke poʻo, ʻo ia ka mea pono e hoʻopiha i ka maunu me ʻelua mau wāwae - ma mua a ma hope.
Kumuhana: "hopu - hookuu!"
ʻO ka nui o kēlā me kēia ʻanoʻano o ka kaimen. Kahi ʻia nei nā Sakhalin taimen, ma ke ʻano he manuahi e pili ana i ka Red Book o ka mokuʻāina. Siberian taimen, ʻoiai ke ākea ākea, ua lilo nō hoʻi i poʻomanaʻo ka ʻona ichthyofauna o ka home.
Aia kēia ʻano ma ka Red Book o nā wahi he nui o ka Russian Federation (Irkutsk Region, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug-Ugra, Altai Territory, the Bashkir Republic, etc.). Hoʻopili ʻia nā kaʻa wana ma Siberia i ka hapa nui o nā wahi.
Akā ma kahi e ʻae ʻia ai e hopu i lalo ma lalo o ka laikini, ua noi ʻia ke kumu haʻuki hoʻonaninani: “hopu ʻia - lawe kiʻi i kiʻi - hoʻokuʻu ʻia”. ʻO nā mea hele ʻole wale nō e pono ke hele ma ka hopu. ʻAe ʻia ka lawaiʻa ʻana ma Yakutia ma Taimen mai Iune 20 a Kepakemapa 20. Ma ke kahe o ka muliwai Khudosey (Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Okrug) - mai Iune 20 a hiki i Kepakemapa 1.
ʻImenlelo Lehua
Ma muli o ka mālama kūlohelohe mua o ka mea nāna e hana, pono e hoʻohana i ka ʻili a i ʻole a i nā nāhelehele ʻae o kahi kala kūlohelohe, kahi mea maʻamau no nā iʻa ʻāpana (kālā, keleawe, keleawe, gula), a loaʻa iā ia kahi ʻano o nā līniha. E hele maikaʻi ka ʻona nui me Mepps Lusox a i ʻole Abu Garcia Toby, akā ke nānā ʻole ʻole nei i ko lākou mau hoa nui. Hōʻike ʻia nā hopena maikaʻi e ka kulu ʻana a me ka lawaiʻa ʻana i nā wobbler (nā mea hoʻolelima) a me nā Devons me nā wili e hoʻoneʻe. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nā maunu i loko o ke ʻano o ka iʻa (poppers) ma muli o ka hana haʻahaʻa. Ua ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o Taimen i kahi kiʻi kūmole he 10 cm ka lōʻihi, kahi hoʻohālike maoli ia i ka rodent floundering i loko o ka wai. Nui ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia o kēlā mau kiko me ka nui o ka mau pōpilikia i ka lawaiʻa ʻana no kahi mea lawaiʻa ma ka ao ao a me ka pō.
ʻO ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana a me nā pono o ka iʻa ʻai
ʻO Krasulia kahi lau ʻono ʻono, ʻono a me ka pulu ʻulaʻula a i ʻole ke kala ʻulaʻula, he nui nā mea waiwai no ke kino:
- nā kahe maloʻo maʻalahi (18.9 g),
- Vitamin B3 (2.9 mg)
- zinc (0.7 mg), momo (165 mg), huahele (175 mg),
- nikel (6 μg), chromium (55 μg), molybdenum (4 μg).
He aha nā mea e ka ʻai?
Kuhi: Taimen i ka wai
Loaʻa nā ʻōpio i loko o ko lākou wahi āpau (nā hohonu hohonu ma lalo o nā kīhā a me nā wai wai, nā puʻupuʻu o nā punana liʻiliʻi, ma lalo o kahi pou o kahi alakaʻi a i ʻole nā pōhaku nui, nā ʻoka kahakai.) ʻAʻole paʻa kahi ʻāina paʻa o nā ʻōpiopio. ʻIke ʻia lākou i nā kahe e holo wikiwiki ana, e kāʻai nei no ka nalowale ʻana i nā invertebrates a hoʻololi pono i ka ʻai o ka iʻa i 1-3 mau makahiki ma hope o ka hānau ʻana.
I ka wā spawning, ʻaʻole e hānai nā lāʻau. Ma hope o ka hiki ʻana mai o ka manawa o ka zhor, i ka manawa e ʻai nui ai ka iʻa, akā ʻaʻole mau ka manawa gluttony e ke ʻano o ka passivity, ma hope o ka wela o ke kauwela. A laila hoʻi, komo ke iʻa i ka zhor wā, e pili ana me ka pono o ka taimen e kohi i nā mea ʻai i ka hoʻoilo. Ma ke ʻano o ke momona o ke kino e kōkua ana i ka iʻa e ola ai ka hapa o ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka meaʻai i ka wā anuanu. ʻO ka nui ka ʻai ʻana i ka holoholona i ʻai i ka holoholona, ʻoiai ua ʻai pinepine lākou i ka mea kūlohelohe, e like me nā mea rodents a me nā manu.
Siberian taimen - ʻo ka piko o nā mea kauwela i ka hapa nui o nā ʻōnaehana, kahi e ulu ai, e hānai iā lākou:
- iʻa
- rodents
- kawalawai
- e nā ʻeke.
Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ka poʻe ʻōpiopio i nā invertebrates a me nā lōpena caddis. Wahi a ka kaila, ʻo ke kumu o ka meaʻai ka iʻa o nā iʻa liʻiliʻi o nā ʻohana: keʻena keʻokeʻo, cyprinids, cyprinids, hina, a me nā mea hou aʻe, hoʻomaka nā ʻōpio ʻōpio e ʻimi i nā iʻa o nā iʻa ʻē aʻe, a ma ka hopena o ke kolu o ka makahiki e huli lākou i ka meaʻai maikaʻi. Hiki i ka mea ʻai keʻai i nā ʻohana ʻōpio. Hoʻokahi ka iʻa iʻa pōloli, nā moa, nā puʻuwai, nā kiole.
ʻAu e noho ai ke kaona?
Hoʻi kiʻi: Taimen ma Lūkia
ʻIke ʻia ka lāʻau Siberian ma ʻEulopa a me ʻAsia, e komo pū me kekahi mau ʻaoʻao o ka ʻaoʻao Caspian a me Arctic ma Eurasia (Volga, Ural, Pechora, Yenisei, Lena) a ma nā ʻāpana o ka hui ʻana o ka Pākīpika i Mongolia, Rūsia a me Kina. ʻO ka palena komohana o ko lākou ʻano kūlohelohe ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o nā muliwai Volga a me Pechora. Loaʻa kēia ʻano holoholona i kekahi mau kaola o ka Pechora, a me Ilych, Kosiu, Bolshaya Sinyuya a me Usa. No nā makahiki he 20 i hala iho nei, ʻaʻohe mea i kākau i ka hiki o kēia iʻa i ke Komi Republic. ʻO ka hopu hope loa i kēia mau ʻōiwi i ka moku ʻo Komi ma Ilych River ma 1978.
ʻO ka hapa nui o ka waena ma waena o ka Volga a me nā Urals (e komo pū ana me ke kaʻi o ka muliwai ʻo Ik Ik). ʻO kahi wale nō ma ʻEulopa kahi e kū nei kēia ʻano, ʻo ka muliwai ʻo Kama (ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo ka muliwai ʻo Vishera), kahi i pau ai ka lawaiʻa. Aia hoʻi ʻo Taimen ma ka muliwai Yaiva, a aia nā moʻolelo i nā kahawai ʻo Kosva, Chusovaya a me Berezovaya. Ua ʻike ʻia nā mea i ka makahiki 1987 ma ka Udmurt Republic, ma ke kahawai Shiva a ma lalo o ka panawai a Votkono reservoir. Ua loaʻa iā ia ma ka moku Khabarovsk, me ka muliwai o Amur a me kāna mau kahawai, a me nā kahawai ʻo Tugur a me Uda ma ke kapakai o ke kai ʻO Okhotk.
ʻO kēia ʻano ʻenemi i hopu ʻia i loko o ka muliwai Langra ma ka ʻākau o ka mokupuni ʻo Sakhalin. Ma Mongolia, loaʻa ka ʻāria ma ka Shishhead, Eg, Uur, Delger Moron, Yder, Chuluud, Ero, Selenga, Orkhon a me Tuul mau wai, a me ke awāwa ʻo Darkhad (Arctic basin) a me Onone, nā luna kiʻekiʻe o nā kahawai Herlen me Khalkhin (Amur runoff). Ma Kina, loaʻa kēia ma loko o ka muliwai Heilongjiang (Amur) a me nā wahi no ia, a me ka lā i luna o ke kahawai Irtysh ma ka moku ʻo Altai ma ʻāpana ʻo Xinjiang.
Ano oe e ike ana i kahi e loaʻa ai ke taimen. E nānā kākē ʻia i kēia iʻa.
ʻAno a me kāu ʻano hana
Heʻano iʻa ʻo Taimen e makemake i ka ʻimi ma ke ʻano o ka lā, a me ka ua a me ka ua. Hoʻopau ka mea ulu ʻōpio i nā ʻano āpau, ʻōpala, nā leʻe, nā palake a me nā mea ʻala o nā ʻano ʻē aʻe.
Ka haʻalele iki ʻana o ka zooplankton a me ka neʻe ʻana i ka meaʻai i nā ʻelele o ka ichthyofauna o ke kumu hoʻonaʻau a ka ʻula e kū nei i ka makahiki o 3-4 makahiki, i ka wā i loaʻa ai kēia iʻa kupanaha i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā mākaʻewa, ka ʻulu ʻana a me ke ʻano o nā kao ʻana.
Aia i kēia manawa ke ʻano o ke ʻano o ka kūmole:
- iʻa
- poʻe māhiti
- nā maʻi liʻiliʻi
- kawalawai.
ʻAʻole pīhoihoi kekahi i ia papa, no ka mea e hiki i ka ʻōpio ʻōpio ke hiki i lawaiʻa ka nui, ʻo ka nui o 15-17% o ka lōʻihi o ke kino o kahi mea kolohe. ʻEā, no nā pākeke, ʻo kona lōʻihi e hiki i ka 3 mika, ʻo kēia helu ka 40-42%.
I ka pūnāwai a me ke kauwela, kahi iʻa, kahi ʻano iʻa i kekahi mau manawa (hoʻokaʻawale) i ka iʻa, ʻoi aku ka makemake i ka ʻai ʻana i nā wai anu i nā kahawai nui a i nā loko paha, kahi e ulu ai ka wai a wai i ka wai. I ke ao, ua makemake kēia ʻelele o ka salmon i mea e ʻimi ai i nā wahi pōkole, i ka pō, hele ʻo ia e wehe i nā makika, a hālāwai ʻo ia i ke kakahiaka ma nā kuʻina, kahi e alualu ai ʻo ia i nā iʻa liʻiliʻi loa (ʻaʻole ia i hoʻowahāwahā i kāna mea ulu).
Ke hoʻomake ka wai i ka wai, lilo ka lāʻau i ka maʻa. Hoʻohālikelike ka poʻe loea i kēia i ke kaʻeha hōʻeha o ke kahuli ʻana i nā niho.Eia naʻe, kokoke i ka hoʻohena, hoʻomaka kēia iʻa e ʻai hou i ka zhor, no ka mea he mea koʻikoʻi e hōʻuluʻulu i kahi mea momona e hiki ai ke ola i ka hoʻoilo pōloli. Makemake ʻo Taimen i ka hoʻoilo i nā wai nui o ka wai, kahi e hoʻi ai ia ma ka waena waena.
He ikaʻona ʻo Taimen, ka wehewehe kikoʻī o nā ʻano o nā ʻepekema i loaʻa ʻole i ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana. Eia naʻe, ua loaʻa i ka poʻe ichthyologists e ʻike i ua haʻalele nā kānaka nunui i kā lākou ʻano maʻamau i ka wā i hele mai ai nā holoholona liʻiliʻi, hiki iā lākou ke lanakila i kēia ʻāina.
Ka nui nui a me ke ola
ʻO ka hapa iki o ke ola he ʻona, e like me nā poʻe loea, a ma kahi o 20 mau makahiki. I kēia manawa, hiki ke lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o ka iʻa ma ka ʻelele 1.5-2 mika me ke kaumaha o 60-80 kilograms. Eia nō naʻe, i nā kūlana maikaʻi loa, hiki i ke koina ke ola a hiki i 55 mau makahiki a e ulu aʻe a hiki i 3 mau mika ka lōʻihi me ke kaupaona ma mua o 100 kilograma. He iʻa ia i loaʻa mai ka Yenisei, e kahe ana a ma Krasnoyarsk.
ʻAʻohe mau lā i kēia wā. Eia kekahi, ʻo kahi kūlana i kēia lā e like me ka wā e hiki mai ana kahi iʻa - e lilo ia iʻa, loaʻa i loko o ke kiʻi wale nō.
Ke ʻano o ka noho ʻana a me nā ʻano
ʻO ke kiʻi
Ma ka launa nui, e loaʻa ana ka kaimenie i ka nalowale o ka noho ʻana, hoʻemi ʻia ka maikaʻi o ka wai, ka nui, ka littering a me ka poaching. Ma ka ulu maikaʻi ʻana i kēia mau iʻa - ʻehiku mau makahiki ia e hiki aku ai i ka wā ʻōpiopio. ʻAʻole hiki i ka lehulehu ke aʻi wikiwiki, no laila, ua inoa ʻia ka taimen "hina" i loko o ka Red Book, i mālama ʻia e ka International Union for Conservation of Nature. Wahi a kā lākou noiʻi, ua hōʻemi ʻia ka nui o ka lāʻau e ka 50-15%, ma muli o ke kikowaena, me nā pōʻino loa ma Kina a me nā poʻe he nui loa i loko o nā pūʻulu Arctic Lūkini.
ʻO Mongolia ka holomua loa o kāna mau hana mālama, e hoʻopuka ana i nā hopu a hoʻokuʻu i nā lula ma nā kahawai a pau a me ka hana ʻana me nā poʻe kūloko e hāpai i ka ʻike i ka mea nui o ka nui o ke ola kaila no ka hoʻokele waiwai. Eia naʻe, ʻike ʻia ka hapa nui o ka mōʻaukala o nā ʻano ma ka Russian Federation (83.8% o ka nui). ʻO ka mōʻaukala, nā iwi kūlohelohe o nā mea i hala i Kina (6.4% o ka huina), ʻo Kazakhstan (6.1% o ka nui) a me Mongolia (3.7% o ka nui).
He mea kupaianaha: ʻO ka nalowale o ka heluna o nā kānaka no nā ʻāina kūʻokoʻa e like ʻole ma 3.2% i loko o Rūsia (ma ka Volga, Urals a me Pechora), 6,9% ma Kina (i ka lauka ʻo Amur River) a me 19.1% ma Mongolia.
ʻOi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka laha ʻana mai ka ʻāpana o ka ʻaoʻao hema o kā lākou ʻāpana, a ʻoi ka mea i hoʻopiʻi ʻia i ka hopena o ka hopena o ka ʻāina a me ka hoʻoikaika lawaiʻa. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole i lawa ka nui o ka ʻike a hiki i kēia lā ke loaʻa nā koho kūpono no kēia ʻano ʻehā ma ka hapa nui o kāna ʻano kūlohelohe.
ʻO ka kumu o ke ʻano a me ka wehewehe
ʻO Taimen, i kapa ʻia ʻo Siberia taimen, a me ke ʻano he nui nō hoʻi o Siberian trout, he ʻano ʻano iʻa like ʻole i ka ʻohana salmon. Wahi a ke aʻo ʻana o ka genotype o ka iʻa, ʻo ia ka iʻa mua o ka salmon, ʻo kona makahiki he 40 miliona mau makahiki. ʻO ka mea i hala koke nei, ua hōʻike ʻia nā ʻikepili e hōʻike ana i kahi pilina ma waena o ka lawena a me ka luna kākāia ʻana ma ka Pākīpika Oncorhynchus, a me ka salmon hanohano o ka Pākīpika i pili i ka genus Parasalmo.
Video: Taimen
ʻO nā salmonids i kēia manawa he mau lālani ʻekolu, i manaʻo ʻia he subfamili:
- keʻokeʻo (Coregoninae),
- Keahioleahi (Thymallinae), hui pū
- moose a me ke hue (Salmoninae).
Kuhi ʻia nā laina ʻekolu e kaha i ke kiʻina o kahi ʻano i hana ʻia i kū i ka hui monopolletic. No ka mea mua, ʻike ʻia nā salmon ma nā fossils i ka Middle Eocene. Ua loaʻa nā loʻi Eosalmo driftwoodensis i Driftwood Bay. Loaʻa kēia mau ʻōiwi i nā hanana maʻamau o nā salmon, ka keʻokeʻo a me ka hina. Wahi a kēia, ʻo E. driftwoodensis kahi mākaona salmon archaic, e hōʻike ana i ke kūlana koʻikoʻi nui i ka ulu ʻana o ka salmonids.
ʻO kekahi o kēia ʻano ʻano e pili ana iā Oncorhynchus, ke ʻano o ka lime o ka salmon a ka Pākīpika a me kekahi o nā ʻano hehi. ʻO ka hiki ʻana o kēia mau ʻano lāʻau ma ka ʻāina i hiki mai ai ʻo Oncorhynchus ʻaʻole wale i loko o nā waihona puaʻa ma mua o ka Pliocene, akā ua pālahalaha kēia mau laina i nā wahi wai ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka hoʻokaʻawale ma waena o Oncorhynchus a me Salmo (Atlona salmon) i hele lōʻihi ma mua o ka Pliocene. Loaʻa paha ka hapa o Miocene.
Nā mea huna lawaiʻa
ʻO ka moʻo ʻana o ke kūlana ʻo ka lāʻau, ʻo ka liʻiliʻi o kēia iʻa, ua ʻoi aku ka waiwai o ke ʻano nui.
No ia mea, ʻaʻole paha i wiwo ʻole kekahi mau wahi Lūkia e hoʻokuke loa i ka lawaiʻa no ka eʻai, a i kēia manawa aia wale nō i ka ʻano hākena a me nā hana koʻikoʻi i ke ʻano o:
- papa ʻae piha i ka lawaiʻa i ka wā spawning,
- lawaiʻa lawaiʻa lawaiʻa
- ua ʻōlelo ʻia e hopu ʻoe i ka iʻa i loko o ka loko inā ʻaʻole pōʻino.
Manaʻo nā poʻe loea i ka manawa spawning maikaʻi loa no ka lāʻau e hoʻonaʻa ma hope o ka zhor post-spawning (Mei-Iune) a me ka hānai ʻana i ka makahiki (ʻAukake-Nowemapa). Hoʻomaopopo ka hapanui o ka ʻili i ke ahiahi a me ke kakahiaka, i ka manawa e "hoʻopū ʻia" ai ka wai.
ʻO nā wahi punahele no ka wahi hoʻokele taimen, nā wahi me ka holo wikiwiki ma ka palena o nā pā a me nā kālai pōhaku, nā paihū wai, nā waha o nā kahawai liʻiliʻi a me nā mea kīkaha, a me nā mokupuni liʻiliʻi e loaʻa ana i ka paʻe. Ma kēia hihia, hoʻāʻo ʻo ka iʻa e noho i lalo o nā papa lalo o ka wai a hee ʻole kona pane ʻana i ka maunu o ka wai a i ʻole ma ka "hapalua-wai".
Makemake nā lawaiʻa lawaiʻa e hopu i ka ʻona no ka wili e hoʻohana ana i ka nui o nā ʻenehana kūlohelohe a me nā ʻano jig head, a i ʻole ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lawaiʻa lele. Pono ke koho ponoʻī a me nā mea pāʻani no kēlā me kēia maʻa. "E hoʻohana ʻo ia i ka kiʻi" maikaʻi loa i ka wā e ʻimi ai i ka trout hoʻokūkū hoʻokūkū.
Inā laikini, he kuleana ko ka lawaiʻa e ʻimi e hopu i kahi kime la, ʻo ka lōʻihi o ke ana he 75 kenimita. Ke lawaiʻa ʻana, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, ma nā wahi i koho ʻia no kēia kumu. Me ka iʻa i hopu ʻia, hiki iā ʻoe ke kiʻi i kahi kiʻi, a laila pono ʻoe e hoʻokuʻu i ka taimen i hoʻi i loko o ka waihona waiwai, inā ʻaʻole i loaʻa ka hōʻino koʻikoʻi o kēlā.
ʻōpena kiʻi ʻona
He nui nā lawaiʻa e manaʻo ana ʻo ke ala maikaʻi loa e hoʻomākaukau ai i ka kaimen, ʻo ia ka luna ʻelele maʻalahi. Me nā ʻai o ia mea, ma ka liʻiliʻi ʻono, liʻiliʻi ma nā ʻale, liʻiliʻi ma ka ʻai pololei. ʻO ka mea nui, ʻaʻole lawe ka palu. Mai paʻakai a me lalo. Akā hele mai nā mea a pau, e like me kā lākou i ʻike.
Aia kahi ʻāpana o nā lawaiʻa Siberia i kapa ʻia ʻo "Crystal". ʻO kēia kahi mākeke kahi nona nā poʻo wale a me nā peʻa. Kūpena pinepine ʻia kēia ma luna o ka wela wela a hiki i ka kuke ʻana no kahi 15 mau minuke. A laila hoʻomoʻo, kānana, hoʻohui i ka momona moa ka moa, kahi mea caviar iki. Ma hope o kēlā, lilo ke aniani, e like me ka aniani. A laila e kau i kahi pālaʻi o nā palahala a me nā moa. ʻAʻohe mauʻaʻa e like ʻia, akā hoʻohāinu ʻia me nā ʻulu palaoa. Inā makemake ʻoe, hiki iā ʻoe ke kuke i ka pepeiao "aliʻi" ma loko o kahi palaho ma ka waiho ʻana i nā ʻāpana o ke koena, salmon, sterlet a me nā iʻa maikaʻi i loko o ia.
Ma waena o nā mea momona o ka taimen he mau momona momona, no laila e mālie kona ʻiʻo. ʻO kēia momona, waiwai ma PUFA, e hoʻoikaika ai i kahi lāʻau maikaʻi i ke olakino.
Aia ʻo Siberia, ʻai ʻia nā poʻo taimen, a ʻānai loa. ʻO ka maʻamau ka hoʻolei ʻana i ka iʻa lawaiʻa, a ma laila lākou e ʻai ai. Akā ʻo lākou, a me nā poʻo, hiki ke hoʻopau wale ia inā he hou ka iʻa a ʻaʻohe kānalua e pili ana i ia. Ke haʻalili ka ʻili, ka naʻau, ka ʻōpū, hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia ka ʻōpū a me ka ʻōpū. A laila pau kēia i ke kāwili ʻia i loko o ka pā pania me ka hoʻohui o ka nui o ka aila, a me nā kakano a me ka paʻakai a ʻāʻī paha.
Hiki ke kūʻai aku i ka momona ma kahi i kaʻaila. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi me ka kuke ʻana me ka hoʻohui o nā kaloti, ka ʻala, ka ʻānai, ka pā ʻōlepa a me allspice. ʻOkiʻoki i ka iʻa i nā ʻāpana nui a hoʻohui i ka wai paʻakai, hoʻohui i nā ʻano waiwai ʻē aʻe a kuke no nā minuke 20. Akā inā makemake kekahi i ka iʻa anu, a laila e ʻoluʻolu, me ka horseradish a me nā ʻāpana porcini i kō, ke hele maikaʻi.
He mea maikaʻi ke kiʻi ʻia. Ma ka kuha, ua kālai ʻia ʻo ka ʻona ma nā ʻāpana nui, me ka paʻakai a me ka lepo allspice, maikaʻi ia e ninini me ka waiū hoʻoheo ʻia. Hiki iā ʻoe ke lawelawe me ka leek wild, green sibala a me ka laulā me nā huaʻai hou!
ʻIli ʻia ka ʻihi a kā ʻia i ka umu. Koti ʻia ia me nā hua mustard. Kī ʻia ka ʻeke piha iʻa i loko o ka steaks e pili ana iā 3 cm ka nui a ʻo ke kaupaona ʻana ma mua o 100 g. A laila e kau i kahi pāpaʻi, pālahalaha ma luna o ka pata a kau i loko o ka umu, hoʻomoʻa a hiki i ka 180 kiʻekiʻe. Noi ʻia ʻo Bake ma kahi o 10 mau minuke.
Eia kekahi, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawaleʻia ka lāʻau. ʻIke ʻia ka lāʻau momona i kā ʻia i kahi mea momona maikaʻi ʻole.
ʻIke ʻia kēia mau kānaka nunui i ko mākou mau muliwai nui a me nā mea hoʻopukapuka, e koho ana i nā lua hohonu a me nā ʻōpū no kā lākou mau wahi. A kūpono kekahi mau manawa i kapa ʻia he mau monsters maoli. ʻO ka iʻa iʻa iʻa maikaʻi. Hiki iā lākou ke hānai i ka kalaka, ʻoiai naʻe ma o ko lākou ʻano maoli he mau kahu hānai maoli lākou, ʻano ikaika a huhū hoʻi. (I ka laha ʻana o ka iʻa, heluhelu i kā mākou moʻolelo "Catfish, kahi e noho ai nā mō'ī")
Mea ʻai nui a ka iʻa lawelawe i ka iʻa, nā holoholona liʻiliʻi, nā manu e ʻikikō ka ʻāina i ka wai i loko o ka iʻa. ʻAʻole e hōʻole ʻia ka iʻa mai nā mollusks o ka muliwai - ʻaʻohe niho palupalu, hoʻopilikia a me nā puaʻa ʻē aʻe. Hiki i ka ʻai aʻa nui ke kūʻē i ka holoholona. A ʻaʻohe mea ʻē aʻe mai ka ʻohana iʻa i ʻoi aku ka nui o nā moʻolelo i ʻoi aku.
ʻO ka mea kākau a me ke kanaka ʻepekema ʻo Arsentiev i wehewehe ʻia nā hihia i ka wā i hele ai ka iʻa nui i ka lawaiʻa i ka lawaiʻa, e huki ana e ka wāwae a me ka hoʻāʻo e hoʻoiho iā lākou i loko o ka wai. Aia nā wehewehe weliweli, e like me ka iʻa, me he mea lā e ʻoki ana i nā kamaliʻi liʻiliʻi mai ka waʻa, ʻo nā makuahine hoʻi e holoi holoi ai i ka lole. Ua hoʻouka nui kēia mau mea hoʻopiʻi nui i nā pākeke. A laila e kahaha i ka, mamuli o Sabaneev, i nā makahiki i hala, ua hiki ke iʻa oi aku ma 400 kg. ^ E Ha yM. Hiki i kēlā ʻano ʻino ke hana ʻino i kahi kanaka a kūleʻa maikaʻi.
Nā hihia kikoʻī ua hele pū me kekahi mau māka e hele i ke kahawai a me nā iʻa i hopu ʻia e ka wāwae. Hoʻopakele wale nō ka mea ʻānai i kahi mea kuʻuna, aia i kēlā manawa i kona mau lima. Nui nā hanana ʻē aʻe i kā catfish i ke kanaka i wehewehe ʻia i loko o nā puke a me nā nūpepa.
I ko mākou manawa, kokoke like ʻole nā kānaka nunui.
ʻOi aku ka nui o nā iʻa ma mua o ka ʻai ʻia e pili ana i 30 kg. ʻOiaʻiʻo, nā mea pīhoihoi bale ke kaupaona nei ma mua o ʻelua haneli kilokilamu e hele mai ana ma loko o ka Volga delta, akā aia he nohona maoli no ka iʻa a me ka lawaiʻa.
ʻO ka mea hope loa, ʻo ia paha, nā hihia i hoʻopaʻa ʻia no ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana he iʻa nui nui hihia ma Khopery mālamai ka wā e huki ai kahi mea ʻōiwi i ka wai ma ka wai, a me ka pōʻino ma ka wahi ʻo Voronezh i nā 90s, i ka wā i huki ʻia ai ka poʻe pōā puaʻa a ka poʻe ʻōiwi o ke kauā o Kulakovo e ʻauʻau ana i ke ahiahi. He wahine a he keikikāne.
Paʻa Kina
ʻO nā ʻūhā Kina i ʻole ka psefur paha - kahi iʻa wai kai e noho wale ana ma ka muliwai Yangtze, i kekahi mau manawa e lana ana i nā loko nui a me ke Kaiʻula. Hiki ke lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o ko lākou kino i nā mika 3 mika, ke kaupaona 300 kilograms. Aia kekahi ʻike e hiki i nā makahiki 1950, ua hopu ka lawaiʻa i kahi hoe hoe 7 m mau lōʻihi a ke kaupaona nei ma kahi o 500 kg, ʻoiai ʻaʻole i kuhi ʻia ka hilinaʻi o kēia moʻolelo. ʻAi ʻia ia i nā iʻa a me ka momi. ʻO kāna ʻiʻo a me ka caviar i manaʻo nui ʻia ma Kina.
ʻUla kala
ʻO ka momona ʻona a ʻulaʻula a ʻulaʻula paha. Ua mahalo nui ʻia ma waena o nā gourmets no kona ʻano leʻaleʻa. Nui ka waiwai i nā waikawa polyunsaturated a me nā ʻōmua piha e hana i ka iʻa i kahi mea pono a maikaʻi loa. A ʻo ka hiki ke loaʻa kahi ʻano nui o nā mea nui a me nā waiora no ke kino o ke kanaka he maikaʻi no ke olakino.
KA MANA: ʻO nā momona momona o ka Omega-3 i waiwai pono. Mālama kēia antiioxidant ikaika i nā membrane cell mai ka hōʻino a hoʻokaʻawale i ke kaʻina hana kahiko. Mālama pū ʻia hoʻi i ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o ka cholesterol maikaʻi ʻole i ke koko, ke alakaʻi nei i ka atherosclerosis.
He ʻaina maoli ʻo Taimen caviar. He kukui mama nō hoʻi, nui, me ka ʻona waiwai. Hoʻohana ʻia ia i nā ʻano paʻakai. I ke kiʻi - he mea like me:
ʻO ka waiwai lawaiʻa
ʻAʻole hewa ia i kapa ʻia ka inoa o ka iʻa iʻa, a ʻo ka hoʻohua ʻana ʻaʻole wale nō i kona hanohano, akā nā ʻatikala hoʻi ʻono o ka pulpula ʻula a me ka helehelena maoli o ka caviar. ʻAʻole ia he mea kupanaha inā, ʻoiai ka pāpā e pili ana i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ka wahi o ka hoʻonaʻauao, e hoʻomau ʻia ana ka lawena a me nā ʻimi hoʻonaninani ma Rusia a me nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe (Kazakhstan, China a me Mongolia).
Hoʻomanaʻo Ma lalo o kahi laikini a i ʻole ma nā wahi i koho ʻia, hiki iā ʻoe ke hopu i ka ʻona ma kahi o 70-75 cm lōʻihi.
E like me nā lula, he lawaiʻa i hoʻopiha i kahi ʻona e koi e hoʻokuʻu, akā hiki ke kiʻi i kahi kiʻi me kāna kīʻaha. Ua ae ʻia ia e lawe me ʻoe ma lalo o ke ʻano wale nō - hōʻeha koʻikoʻi ka iʻa i ke kaʻina o ka hopu.
Hoʻi i nā manaʻo
Lāʻau ʻai
ʻO ka pime o Taimen moderately aila a me ka momona ma muli o nā papa o ka momona ma waena o nā hua mānoina. Me kahi huahana waiwai me ka palatability kiʻekiʻe, kaulana kēia a puni ka honua. E maʻalahi e hōʻōlohelohe ʻia, no ka mea, ʻaʻohe iwi, mau vertebrates wale nō. Hoʻohana ʻia ma nā kīʻaha o nā lāhui ʻē aʻe.
He maikaʻi i ka pickling. Hoʻomaopopo kēia ʻano kuke a hoʻonaninani i ka mea ʻono o ka ʻiʻo. Hoʻoihue ka ʻona kūlike i ka hana me nā huahana ʻē aʻe. Hoʻohana ia e like me kahi snack kūlohelohe a i nā salads paha. ʻAʻole koi ka paʻakai i ka wela wela, no laila mālama ʻia nā mea āpau, nā waiwai micro a me nā mana macro, ʻoi aku me ka salting medium.
Hoʻomau ʻia ʻo Taimen i nā ʻano like ʻole: umauma, pāpaʻi, ʻami, kālua ʻia, ʻomo ʻia, hana i nā aila a i kaha ʻia. Ma ka grill a maʻa paha, he maikaʻi maikaʻi loa ka iʻa. Me ka pālaha ʻaoʻao, ka laiki, ka pulupulu, kūpono nā māla ia mea, ʻaʻole nā ʻāina a pau i waho. Ma nā huaʻala o nā mea momona, he mea kūpono e koho i ke ʻano ʻana i ka wai o ka iʻa "a i ʻole e momona.
MAKINA: ʻO kā ika iʻa ʻoi loa o kēia mau ʻano i hopu ʻia i Kepakemapa-ʻOkakopa. Ua hōʻaʻo ʻo ia i ka hōʻiliʻili i kahi mālama momona no ka hoʻoilo, no laila, e lilo ʻo ia i mea ono momona i ka papa ʻaina.
He ʻano iʻa koʻikoʻi kēia o ka iʻa, no ka mea ākea loa ia, a paʻa loa ka lawaiʻa. Ma nāʻaoʻao o nā hale kūʻai e kū pinepine ʻia ma ke ʻano o ka fillet a uahi a i ʻole nā steaks, ʻaʻole i emi pinepine - i ke ʻoki ʻai holoʻokoʻa.
Kaʻaila wai piha
ʻO Giantura polylepis (Giantura polylepis) he ʻano puna wai nui e noho ana i nā wai o nā kahawai nui o Indochina a me Kalimantan. Hiki i ka ulu ke hiki i ka 1,9 m ākea a me ke kaupaona 600 kg. ʻAi lākou i ka hānai ʻana i nā momi a me nā mollusks, nā ʻōpala paha. ʻAʻole palau ka lipi wai nui, ʻoiai pono e hana ʻia me ka mālama pono ʻana, ʻoiai hiki i kā lākou huʻawaʻu lōʻihi ke maʻalahi i ka iwi i ka iwi. Hoʻopilikia kēia ʻano.
ʻO ka paʻakai keʻokeʻo
ʻO ka wahi ʻalima i ka papa inoa o nā iʻa wai nui loa ma ka honua he mea i noho ʻia e ka White Sturgeon - he ʻano iʻa ʻo ka ʻohana firmgeon, ʻo ia ka nui iʻa iʻa ma ʻAmelika Hema. Noho aia ia ma lalo o nā waʻa lohi e holo a moe i ke kahakai komohana o ʻAmelika Hema. Hiki i ke kūleʻa keʻokeʻo ke ulu a hiki i ka 6.1 m ka lōʻihi a kaupaona 816 kg. E hānai nui ʻia i nā iʻa, nā crustaceans a me nā mollusks.
ʻO ka hui a me nā pono o ka ʻiʻī ʻai
ʻO ka lau Taimen e pili ana i ka meaʻai haʻahaʻa-low, no ka mea wale nō 119 kiloi pākahi 100 gram Ma muli o kēia, ua ʻōlelo ʻia no ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā poʻe e pili pono i ka ʻai ʻana, ka poʻe ʻelemakule a me nā poʻe me ka maʻi ʻilihune, ʻo ia hoʻi ua hoʻopili ʻia e ke kino. Ma waena o nā mea pono e hoʻohana ai i ka ʻiʻo ʻaina makemake wau e nānā:
- ka heleʻana o nā momona momona e pale i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ka atherosclerosis a me ke hypertension,
- Mālama maikaʻi ka protein ʻai i ka hoʻohuihui amino amino, e ʻae ʻia e hōʻike ʻia i loko o nā meaʻai o nā māmā a me nā lactating, a me nā keiki liʻiliʻi,
- kōkua nā ʻiʻo taimen i ka hana o ka lolo a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka nenoai,
- Mahalo i ka zinc i loaʻa i ka ʻi, ka maikaʻi o ke kino o ka ʻili, ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia o nā poki a me nā lauoho, a kōkua ke fluorine i ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i nā niho a me nā iwi.
ʻO nā kumu no nā ʻano hana
ʻO ka palu semi-aisle maʻamau e nalowale i nā hūnā ma kahi o ke ʻano o nā ʻano. ʻO ka hanana i manaʻo ʻia e ka papa inoa o nā pilikia:
- Hoʻololi i ka hōʻano kūlohelohe o ka wai ma muli o ke ʻano mahana. Me ka lele ʻana i ka atypical i ke aniani o ke anuanu o ke anuanu, e ʻoi aku i kekahi mau degere, ke emi nei ka nui o ka heluna o nā poʻe predator.
- ʻO nā ahi - ʻaʻole wale ke alakaʻi i ka mahana ʻana o ka wai, akā e hoʻololi pū i ka pH i ka lehu a me ka lāʻau i komo i loko. E lilo ka wai i alkaline. Hoʻopilikia ka hanana like ʻole e like me ke ʻano o ka ʻimen, ʻaʻole i ka iʻa, akā ua helu ʻia ʻo salmonids.
- Nā hana kanaka - ka hoʻokumu ʻana o nā waiwai kō, nā mea kanu wai hoʻomehana, ke hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea kanu i ka mahiʻai i ke ahonui a alakaʻi i ka luku ʻana i nā mea kūlohelohe i nā wai wai. ʻAʻole maʻi nā mikroscopic wale nō, akā, ʻo nā mea kanu hoʻi e kanu i ka wai me ka oxygen. Ke alakaʻi nei kēia mau mea i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo i lilo ka paʻakikī o ka hoʻololi i ka kūlana ola hou i hana ʻia.
- Ke kolamu - ʻo ia ka lawaiʻa e hoʻokau ʻana i ke ao ʻana o ka wai, kahi loli i loko o kāna mau lāʻau a me nā hōʻailona kino. ʻO ke ʻano o kēia mau hana e alakaʻi pinepine i ka luku ʻia ʻana o nā pohō i loko o ke kahawai kahawai, kahi e noho ai ka taimen. ʻO ka mea maʻamau, ma nā wahi o nā kahawai e hoʻohana ʻia no ke kōmala, pau kahi hoʻopau ʻia o ka salmon.
- Hoʻomoe ka wai mai ka make ʻana o nā hana ʻoihana - ke komo ʻana o nā hua i hoʻopā ʻia i nā muliwai kaomi ʻana o kekahi mau biocenoses. I ka manawa pinepine e hana kēia i ka helehelena o ka nohona. Noho ʻia ka nohona o kēia mea e ka pike, i wikiwiki ʻole i ka koho ʻana o ka meaʻai a hiki ke ʻōiwi ʻano nui i nā ʻano ākea.
Lawaiʻa Amateur
E like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma luna nei, loaʻa wale ka lāʻau kūlohelohe e like me ka laikini. ʻO ka mea nāna e hana i ka mea nāna e hana he mea hiki ke mokulele. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia ka ʻona kūpono i ka wanaʻao, i ka wā e ikaika nui ʻia nā ʻelele o nā ʻano ʻano i ka ʻimi no ka waiwai.
I ka wā o ke zhor, ʻaʻole picky ka mea koho e koho i ka meaʻai. ʻAneʻe kēlā me kēia lure ka hopu ʻona i nā manawa like ʻole. ʻO ke koena o ka manawa, he ʻano paʻakikī nō ia. E pane mua lākou i nā ʻākena o kahi hue waihoʻoluʻu.
Manaʻo nā māka loea hoʻomaʻamaʻa maikaʻi loa nā taimen e hoʻopili ana i ka paila nui. Eia naʻe, e like me ka hōʻike ʻana o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa, ʻo ka makemake o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea nui wale no ka hapanui o nā hihia ʻaʻole i ʻae ʻia ka helu ʻana o ka pono o ka lawaiʻa.
ʻO nā huakaʻi ikaika loa ʻo Taimen. No laila, hāʻawi ʻia ka manaʻo koʻikoʻi i ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka mīkini i ka hana ʻana i nā ʻōpiopio ikaika a koho i ka laina lawaiʻa mānoanoa. A i ʻole, hiki i ka mea kolohe ke huki a huki hoʻi ka bait.
ʻO nā kao catching, hoʻohana nā mea he nui spinningist i nā mea e hoʻohālike ana i nā kiʻi e like me nā mea kikoʻī. Hoʻokomo pinepine nā iʻa iʻa ma ka rodents liʻiliʻi e hele ai i nā kino wai. No laila, ua koho ʻia ka koho ʻana o ia mau ʻano. No ka ʻike ʻana i ka maunu ma ka ʻano o kahi kiʻi, hoʻāʻo ʻo ka ʻona i ka pipi iā ia me kāna huelo, ma hope o ka neʻe ʻana me kahi ʻano wikiwiki.
ʻO ka wehewehe ʻana o ka iʻa
He iʻa momona maikaʻi o ko mākou mau muliwai Siberia, me kahi ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula, kahi lāʻau kaona maʻamau. He predatory nui. ʻOiai ke pili ʻana i ka salmon, he like ia me kahi ʻano transitional view ma waena o ka salmon a me ka keʻokeʻo.
ʻO kona paona kiʻekiʻe ua loaʻa i ke kanaono kilima, a i kēlā me kēia manawa. Loaʻa ia mau ʻāpana nui, i ka iʻa ʻōpio he kumu ʻole no nā ʻenekelo waho koe wale nō o ke kanaka. ʻOiaʻiʻo, aia i ka makahiki o 10, ua like ka iʻa iʻa e like me ke kanaka nui maoli, e hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā kahe wai. He mea hoihoi loa i ka noʻonoʻo ʻana i nā hiʻi o ka nui o ka nui ma ka honua a hiki. ʻOiai ʻaʻohe mea e ʻōlelo maopopo, ua loaʻa kekahi mau data:
- mai ka papa puke ʻepekema i ʻike ʻia i ka hoʻoilo o ka makahiki 1945 ma ka muliwai ʻo Amur, kahi kīwaha ke kaupaona ana ma kahi o 80 kg ka mea i hāʻule ma ka pahu hau.
- i ka makahiki 1952, ʻike kekahi o ka ʻona ʻenehana ʻo Tolchevnikov pehea i hopu ai i ka ʻupena i ʻoi aku ka nui - 86 kg!
I kēia manawa lā, hiki ʻole ke hopu ʻana iā ia mau ʻano nui. Mahalo paha ua hāʻule nui nei ka nui o kēia ʻano ma muli o ka hoʻohaumia o nā kahawai he nui.
ʻO ke kino o ka mea wānana he kala, me nā pulu uliuli lulu i pālahalaha a me kahi huikala ʻulaʻula. Eia naʻe, hiki i ke kala o ke kino ke hoʻololi i nā waihoʻoluʻu i ka wā spawning.
I kēia mau makahiki i hala iho nei, pili nā ʻona i nā iʻa liʻiliʻi a ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma ka Red Book o Rūsia, ua pāpā ʻia kona hopu. ʻO ka lawehala lawaiʻa ma nā kahawai Siberian kahi e hāʻawi ai i kahi rula e pili ana i kaʻano lāʻau, hopu - hoʻokuʻu ʻia.
ma muli o ka ʻai ʻono, ka lawaiʻa loa i ka lawaiʻa o kēia iʻa ua lawaiʻa loa iā ia. Ano ua lilo kēia ʻānena i nā kino wai a inā ʻaʻole i lawe ʻia nā hana e hoʻihoʻi, a laila hiki iā ia ke hana.
Ua kākau ʻo Leonid Pavlovich Sabaneev e pili ana i nā paona he 60 kgua noho la ma na muliwai o Siberia. I kā mākou mau nūpepa hope kākau e pili ana i ka iʻa i kaupaona 30 kgi hiki aku ma loko o kekahi loko kuahiwi o ka ʻaoʻao Volga. ʻO kēia mau iʻa Pood i kēia manawa ʻaʻole i kahi relic rarity. I loko o nā hale waihona no Volga, nā mea wānana e kaupaona ana ma mua o 20 kg mau a loaʻa pinepine. A ʻo kēia kekahi o ka nui a me ka loko loko nui ma Russia. ʻO Pike ka mea e makemake nui ai ka lawaiʻa lawaiʻa no ka lawaiʻa lawaiʻa a no nā ʻokiʻoki ʻoki. (ka wehewehe ʻana o ka pike)
E nānā i nā kiʻi āpau ma ka māka
ʻO Carp ka inoa maʻamau no ka iʻa wai wai o ka ʻohana cyprinid. Hoʻonui nui ʻia lākou i loko o nā kaola kō i pili o ka honua. Makemake lākou i ka wai kahe, kahe a i ʻole a lohi nā ka wai me ka lepo paʻakū a palupalu iki ʻia i lalo nei. Hiki i ka ulu ke hiki i 1,2 mika ka lōʻihi a kaupaona ma mua o 100 kg. Hoʻohana lākou i nā mollusks, nā ʻiʻo, nā ʻalāʻau a me nā ulia pepeke. ʻO ka māka nui nui loa i hopu ʻia e ka lawaiʻa Pelekānia i 2013 i kaupaona 45.59 kg.
Nā hiʻohiʻona a me nā hiʻohiʻona
ʻO ke kiʻi
Ua loaʻa nā kiʻi pōkole liʻiliʻi ʻo Taimen ma ke poʻo a ma nā ʻaoʻao o ke kino. ʻAno ke kua o luna ma ke kua o ka maka o nā maka. ʻO nā kaulike he oval, ʻoi aku ʻole me nā ʻāpana radial a i ʻole maopopo i ke aniani. Hoʻopuka maikaʻi ka momona momona.
Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā ʻano ʻokoʻa mai nā ʻano salmonid ʻē aʻe i loko o ʻEulopa a ma ʻEulopa e ka hui pū ʻana o kēia mau huaʻōlelo:
- Hoʻoholo nā ʻalani i kahi kaula i kūlike ʻia i ke ʻano o nā kāmaʻa lio,
- papa pōkole ʻuʻili pōkole ma ke poʻo a me nā ʻeleʻele X-ʻano a i ʻole nā ʻōpū ma ke kino.
- ua lōʻihi ke poʻo a ulaula paha ke poʻo;
- lōʻihi lōʻihi kaʻe
- i nā pākeke, piʻi ka ʻōpua o luna i ke kao o ka maka.
- lauwili kiko hōʻano
- caudal kahi ʻāpana caudal, hoʻāla nui a he ʻulaʻula i ka pākeke.
- aia he 9-18 gill slits, maʻamau 11-13.
Hoʻololi ka kala i ka hiʻona, akā, maʻamau o ke kala ʻoliva-ʻōmaʻomaʻo ma ke poʻo, huli ka ʻulaʻula ulaula ma ka huelo. ʻO nā momona, anal a me nā faudal laue ʻeleʻele pinepine. ʻO ka ʻōpū e pili ana i ke keʻokeʻo a ʻeleʻele i ka hina hina. ʻIke ʻia ʻo Taimen ka salmon nui loa loa i ke ao, ʻoi aku ka kaumaha ma ka awelika a me ka nui ma mua o ka salmon nui ʻĀmelika Hema. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā iʻa pākeke i kaupaona ma waena o 15 a 30 kg. ʻO ka lōʻihi maʻamau mai 70 a 120 cm.
ʻAʻole i ʻāpono ʻia ka nui o ka nui, akā ʻo ka nui i loaʻa i ka iʻa ma ke kahawai ʻo Kotui ma Lūkini i 1943 ka lōʻihi o 210 cm a me ka paona o 105 kg, ʻo ia ka nui o ka nui i hoʻopaʻa ʻia. ʻO ka lōʻihi loa o nā kānaka mai 150 a 180 cm. ʻO ka World Fish Association e hōʻike ana i ka honua he 41.95 kg me ka lōʻihi o 156 cm.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me nā ʻano hana
Hoʻi kiʻi
Noho ʻo Siberian taimen kū hoʻokahi i ka wai wai, ka mea nui i nā kahe wikiwiki a me nā kahawai. Aia ia ʻike ʻia kēia mau iʻa ma ke kiʻekiʻe o 1500 m a me nā kahakai kahakai kokoke i ke kai. He lōʻihi lōʻihi ka make o Taimen. He ʻano luhi ia i ka ulu ʻana a i ka wā lohi. Ulu ka iʻa ma mua o 2 m a hiki i ke ola a hiki i 30 mau makahiki.
Manaʻo ʻia ka manawa o ka wā i ka makahiki 17 mau makahiki no ka heluna kanaka e ʻike wale nei i ka make ma ke ʻano kūlohelohe (i.e., ʻaʻohe lawaiʻa). Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kēia mea, no ka mea, ʻaʻole i manaʻo ʻia nā hopena ʻehā a i ʻole ka nui o ka hua manu ma ka manaʻo e ulu ana ka wahine. Hiki i ka noho ʻana o kēia ʻano he ākea ka nui a hiki i 93 km.
ʻO ka manaʻo wai: I ke kauwela, hopu ʻia ka ʻona i nā baubles, nā kiole kūlohelohe, kahi jig-head; i ka hoʻoilo, ua koho ʻia ka "mahalka" me nā hōkilo no ka hoʻoilo. ʻO ka Taimen, e like me ka salmon a pau, he ʻiʻo huʻai ʻole he iwi ʻole, momona nui, me ka puʻu ʻulaʻula pale.
Hoʻopuka ʻo Taimen i ko lākou ola i nā waikahe wikiwiki me ka nui o ka oxygen, a hele pinepine lākou i luna a ma lalo. Hoʻomaʻa pinepine ka spawning i ka hopena o Mei a Iune paha, ma muli o ka mahana o ka wai. E neʻe ana ka iʻa i luna ma nā wahi liʻiliʻi, kahi i waiho ai lākou i nā hua, a laila e hoʻi hou i nā kahawai nui.
ʻO ka hoʻolālā ʻenehana a me ka hana hou
Kuhi: Big Taimen
Kūpono ʻo Taimen i ka wā kamaliʻi ma kahi o 5-7 mau makahiki he nui ke 60-70 cm a me ke kaumaha o 2-3 kg. Hoʻokumu nā wahine i nā hua he 4,000-30,000, e like me ka nui o ka iʻa. Ma ka muliwai ʻo Yenisei, hele pinepine ka spawning i Mei a me Iune. Ma ke awāwa wai ʻo Aiguur ma Mongolia ʻĀpana ma waena o Mongolia. ʻO nā ʻano iʻa i nā wahi pāpaku me ka kahe wikiwiki o kahi papa poepoe, hiki i ka kahe o nā waihona wai hohonu hohonu, a me nā kahe wai liʻiliʻi. ʻO ka maʻamau ka neʻe i luna no ka spawning i nā luna kiʻekiʻe.
ʻO ka mea hoihoi: ʻoiai ke manaʻoʻiʻo nei kekahi mau kumu e ola ai nā makahiki he 30 mau makahiki, ke ʻōlelo nei kekahi e hiki ke ola i ka ʻona no ka hapalua mau makahiki a keu paha. Ma muli o ko lākou wahi e noho ai a me ka helu liʻiliʻi o nā iʻa ma kēia wahi, ʻaʻole i hoʻopaʻa nui ʻia kēia ʻano ʻōiwi, e wehewehe ana i kekahi mau ʻokoʻa i nā "ʻike ʻoiaʻiʻo o ke ola". Maʻalahi ʻo nā iʻa ʻelemakule, e hoʻonui ana i ka paʻakikī o ka nānā ʻana.
Hiki i ka pākena ke lanakila i nā alakaʻi kiʻekiʻe loa i ka wā e neʻe ana i nā wahi spawning. Kūpono a me 5-6 mm ka lapalapa, kau aku ma hope o 28-38 lā. Ke waiho nei ka hua ma loko o ka ʻōpala a ke hoʻopili ʻia ka ʻeke ʻehā ma hope o nā lā 10-15, e noho mua ka poʻe ʻōpio ma kahi kokoke i ka pūnaewele o ka lawena, a laila hoʻoneʻe i lalo. ʻO ka nui o nā kānaka he 2 a 4 mau makahiki ka noho i loko o nā wahi like me ka pākeke, akā kaawale i nā puka liʻiliʻi.
ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe
Whakaahua: Sakhalin Taimen
Aia ʻo Taimen ma ka piko o ke kaulahao meaʻai, no laila he mea ʻike ʻole ka nui o ke ʻano, no ka wā ʻelemakule. ʻO nā iʻa ʻē aʻe, me kekahi o ko lākou mau hoahānau, pio i ka poʻe ʻōpio. Aia hele ka lāʻau e lawena a lele i kahi mamao loa, hiki iā ia ke hāʻule i kahi pā o ka bea. ʻO ka ʻūluna ʻōlapa o ka taiga ka aneane nui o nā ʻenemi kumu maoli o ka iʻa. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka ʻenemi nui loa o ka kahe e ka mea i hōʻino ʻia i nā iʻa iʻa.
Mea hoʻonaninani: Ke alo nei ʻo Taimen i nā ʻano hoʻoweliweli, kahi e komo ai i ka haumia, nā ʻōpala a me ka hi ʻana, ke kōkōkē, ka hana ʻana i nā pōpoki, ke kūkulu ʻana, ka lawaiʻa lawaiʻa, lawaiʻa a me ka loli ʻōlohelohe.
Ua hoʻokumu ka National Geographic Society i kahi palapala kūikawā kahi i loaʻa ai ma mua o ka iwakālua mau ʻano o nā pūʻulu i kahi pōpilikia mai ka iʻa wai kai a puni ka honua. He lālā lālā ʻo Taimen. Kūkulu ʻia kēia ʻenehana i nā ʻano ʻano kūikawā e hana ʻia ai ka pūʻulu i kapa ʻia ka megafish. He mau ʻano nui kēia e ulu ana ma luna o 180 cm a i ʻole 100 kg ka paona. Aia ma kahi o ka ʻehiku mau hapa o kēia mau ʻano aia ma ka ʻaoʻao o kahi i pau ai ma muli o ka haumia, ʻona hoʻokele waiwai a me ka nalowale o ka noho ʻana.
ʻO Taimen wale nō ka iʻa o ka hui, no ka genus trout a salmon paha, lilo nui ia i lilo i poʻe mahalo i kēia hui elite. Ma Kina, ua kiʻi ʻia ka taimen ma ka ʻaoʻao o kahi e hoʻopau ai. Ma Lūkia, ua helu pū ʻia nā ʻano ʻehā a "koʻikoʻi ke koʻikoʻi". Me ka hiki ʻana o ka lawaiʻa e lawaiʻa ma nā huakaʻi, kahi i hoʻomohala ʻia e nā poʻe mākaʻikaʻi o Kanaka me nā mea lawaiʻa, ke piʻi nui nei ka nui o ka lawaiʻa ma Taimen.
Kahu o Taimen
Kuhi: Taimen mai ka Puke ʻaha
Aia ʻo Taimen i ka Red Book o Lūkia, a ua nui nō hoʻi i nā puke ʻĀpana Hema o ka ʻāina, ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo Red Book of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug o Ugra, Irkutsk Oblast, a me nā mea hana like e like me ka Taimen Conservation Fund e hana ana e ola i nā koena o nā kānaka. Kuhi ʻia nā ʻano holoholona i ka International Red Book i mea palupalu. Maʻa pinepine ʻia ʻo Taimen no ka waiwai kūʻai, a ʻo kona kumu haʻahaʻa a me ka lohi e hoʻolōʻihi ʻia ʻoi aku ka waiwai nui o ka iʻa.
Ke hōʻike nei ʻo IUCN i kēia mau hana e pale aku ai i nā nalowale hou a hoʻopaʻa i ka mālama a me ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana o nā ʻano ʻano.
- ka hana ʻana i nā wahi wai palekana i mālama ʻia me ka manaʻo o ka mālama ʻana i nā ʻano a me ka liʻiliʻi o nā hoʻoweliweli,
- i nā wahi i hoʻoweliweli ʻia e ka lawaiʻa, hōʻike mākou i nā kānāwai kūlike a me nā ana kūpono e hōʻemi ai i nā pōʻino,
- ka maina a me ka lawe ʻana i ke one a me ka maʻa mai nā moena o nā kahawai e hoʻopilikia ai i ka lehulehu, no laila, ʻoi ʻia e hoʻēmi i kā ia mau hanana. Pono nā lula kūikawā e kaupalena i ka hopena o kēia mau hana hana ʻāina ma ka hale Siberian,
- ka noiʻi ʻana i ka mōʻaukala ola, ʻo ka hopena o ka wāwahi, hoʻomohala i nā pae pae kūpaʻa a me ka ʻike ʻana i nā noho pili pono e hoʻoikaika ʻia.
ʻOiai ua hana ʻia kekahi mau hana mua e hoʻomaʻū i kēia mau ʻano i loko o ka noho pio ʻana, akā, e hana wale ʻia kēia hana me ka mālama nui loa a hui pū me kahi loiloi piha o nā hōʻemi a me nā pono.
Taimen - pono e hoʻopaʻa ʻia a hoʻopaʻa pono ʻia i nā helu. Ma ke kaʻina hana e hiki ai i kēia loiloi, ʻike ʻia ka makemake o ka hui honua e mālama i ke ʻano Siberian. ʻO ka emi ʻana o ka helu o nā ʻano manuahi, i hui pū ʻia me ka ulu nui o nā ʻimi noiʻi a me nā hui aupuni, e hōʻike ana i ka pono no nā hana hou e mālama i nā kaʻa. ʻO ke ʻano kūpono e hiki ai ke hoʻopili ʻana i kahi taimen i ka Convention ma Migratory Spiesies. E hoʻolōʻihi ai kēia i ka ʻike a hāʻawi i ke kākoʻo ʻoi nui o ka honua no ka mālama.