ʻO nā pule pule e kūleʻa ana i nā pua e hoʻohālike i nā pua. ʻO kā lākou kala, he ʻano hoʻohālike o ka mimicry i hoʻohālikelike, kahi ʻano o ka camouflage i loko o nā kala a me nā hiʻohiʻona o ka mea i loaʻa i kahi kai make. No ka ʻohana Hymenopodidae ka hapa nui o nā pua pule e noi ana. He ʻano like ʻokoʻa kā lākou ʻano, akā, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai nui, piʻi lākou ma luna o ka mea kanu a hiki lākou i ka pua kūpono, a laila hoʻomau ʻole ʻia a hiki i ka hiki ʻana i ka mea make. He nui o lākou e hoʻohana ai i ka hoʻoweliweli hoʻoweliweli a me ka lapuwale e hoʻoweliweli ana i ka makaʻu a i ʻole hoʻopōʻalo paha i nā mea kikoʻī.
Nui nā ʻano pua puais i makemake nui ʻia e like me nā holoholona.
Orchid Mantis (Hymenopus coronatus)
ʻAno lawehala
ʻO kahi pua orchid (Hymenopus coronatus) mai nā mākuleka o Asia Hema e like me ka pua orchid a pink. Ke hoʻomau nei ʻo ia me ka neʻe ʻole ʻana ma ka peduncle a hiki i ka manawa ka mea make, ʻo ia ka camouflage i ka manawa like i pale iā ia mai ka poʻe predator. Ma kāna puke 1940, ʻo Adaptive Coloring in Animals, ua hōʻike ʻo Hugh Cott i ka hōʻike a Nelson Annandale, ʻo ia ka mea e loaʻa ai ka mantis i nā pua o ka rhododendron Melastoma polyanthum. Ua kapa ʻia ʻo Cott i ka puʻu ʻana o ka nymph "kahi kiʻi ʻoniʻoni kūikawā" (hoʻonaninani hoʻonani), kahi o nā holoholona ʻo ia ka "bait". Pae ʻia ka inika i loko o ka ulaula a me ke keʻokeʻo, me nā pulu manamana, me ka "semi-milky milky, ʻano translucent nei, e alakaʻi ana i kahi ʻano o nā petals o ka pua i hoʻohana ʻia i nā hoʻonohonoho kūlike o nā pōpō wai a i ʻole nā ʻāpana sela." Kuʻi ʻia kahi mantis a piʻi i lalo i nā lālā o ka mea kanu a loaʻa iā ia kahi pua. Hoʻopaʻa ʻo ia iā lākou me nā lima o nā wāwae hind ʻelua. A laila noi ia mai kēlā ʻaoʻao a ʻaoʻao, a kokoke i nā mokulele liʻiliʻi e noho ana a puni ia, ua ʻō ʻia i kahi wahi liʻiliʻi ma ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū, e like me kahi lele. Ke lele ʻoi aku kahi ʻāina nui e kokoke ana, hopu koke ka mantis a ʻai i ka ʻai. ʻO ka manaʻo ʻana i ka waiho ʻana o nā pua orani i nā pōkō ʻōpio i ʻike hou ʻia i kēia manawa (ma 2015) ʻo ia nō kā lākou hoʻokaʻina i nā pollinators (me he mau pua pua lākou) a laila hopu iā lākou.
ʻO Creobroter gemmatus kahi hale hōʻikeʻikeʻike i hōʻike ʻia i nā ʻie ʻulaʻula aniani e ʻōwili i nā pōpilikia e hoʻoweliweli i ka mea hāʻawi.
Kahele
Hoʻohana maʻamau ka hapanui o nā ʻelele o nā hui i nā ʻāina me nā mau wahi mahana; ʻokoʻa lākou i kahi kīnā haʻahaʻa. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka nui o nā ʻano ʻōiwi he 45 ° -46 ° latitu ma nā hemispheres ʻelua, he liʻiliʻi wale nō nā mea ola e ola ma waho o 50 ° ʻākau kahiki, ʻoi aku paha, nā mantis maʻamau a me sandy empusa. I ka hemisepita hema, ʻo ka hapa nui loa o nā mika o Aotearoa Orthodera novaezealandiae. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO nā mea waiwai nui o nā ʻīnihi mantis fones is the tropical zone of Asia, Africa, South America, Australia.
ʻAno peni nā kahu manu o nā kahu aliʻi ʻEulopa i nā mea kikoʻī, ua ʻike ʻia he 40 mau ʻano lāʻau, nona nā ʻohana 4 a me 16 mau ʻano.
Nā haona o ka imago
ʻO nā hakahaka ākea ākea a nui paha me kahi kino elongated, ka lōʻihi o ke kino mai 10-12 a 130-170 mm. ʻO ka mantis liʻiliʻi ʻoi ʻia Mantoida tenuis mai nā wana kumelima ʻAmelika, a hiki i ka 1 cm ka lōʻihi, ka nui loa - ʻInaka Ischnomantis mai nā lehelehe o West Africa, ʻo ka wahine ka nui o 17 cm ka lōʻihi. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia ka mantis nui e pili ana i 5 g pili i ka genus Macromantis (ʻAmelika) a Plistospilota (ʻApelika).
ʻO ke poʻo ka kuʻekuʻe maʻamau, me nā maka ākea a nui a maka paha, kelepona. Loaʻa paha nā maka i hoʻopili ʻia i ka apices e pili i ka hana ʻike, no ka mea, nele lākou i kahi aomatidiosis, akā hana ʻia ma ke ʻano o ka masking holoʻokoʻa o ke kino. ʻAʻole uhi ʻia ke poʻo i ka pronotum, hoʻoneʻe pololei i nā kuhikuhi a pau ma ka "ʻāʻī" ahonui, e hoʻohui pū ana i ka mea i ʻike ʻia ai kahi "pule". Ma kahi o nā maka paʻakikī i ka lei, aia ka maʻamau 3 mau maka maʻalahi. Ma ka ʻili o ke poʻo i nā manawa like he nui o nā mea anana o ka cuticular. ʻO nā antennas me nā mea hoʻowalewale i aneane pinepine ia. Gnawing waha apparatus me nā mandibles ikaika jagged. ʻO nā palapū mandibular he 5-segment, labial palps i kahi o 3 mau ʻaoʻao. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā ʻōpū o ka waha i lalo.
ʻAʻole maʻamau ka pronotum i ke poʻo, akā aia ka hoʻonui i ke kolu o ka luna aʻe. ʻO ka elanated ka laʻa, akā i ka manawa i hoʻonui ʻia me ka outgrowth lateral, hiki iā ia ke hāʻawi i ka mea ʻai i ke ʻano o ka lau a i ʻole twig. Ma ka pronotum, loaʻa kahi kuʻekuʻe lōʻihi ka manawa. ʻO ka ʻōpū a lōʻihi a pālahalaha hoʻi, he 10 mau melites o nā kāne ʻelua. ʻO ka ʻōpū i kona kikowaena kūloko like ʻole me ka ʻōpū o nā moa. ʻO nā mea sternites i nā kāne he 9, i nā wahine - 7. ʻO ka māhele mua ka pae o kahi ʻōnaehana ka posterora thorax. Ma ka hope o ka ʻōpū, aia kahi cerci articulated, a he kāne pū kekahi a stylus (ke kīpana o artiveulated artendages liʻiliʻi).
ʻO nā wāwae i ka ipuhao, skewer, hita, lalo wāwae a me nā wāwae. ʻO nā paws i ka nui nui o nā ʻano he 5 mau māhele, i kekahi manawa ua hoʻemi ʻia ka nui o ko lākou helu i 3-4 (ma nā mantis genus Heteronutarsus) ʻO ka wāwae o nā wāwae he ʻelua ka lōʻihi o ke hele ʻana, e ʻae ai i ka ʻikepili e hoʻopaʻa i ke kino kiʻekiʻe i luna o ka honua inā pono. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona maʻamau o nā mantis āpau i hoʻolālā ʻia i nā forelegs i hoʻopaʻa ʻia no ka hopu ʻana a hoʻopaʻa i ka hopu. Hoʻopili nā forelegs. ʻO ka hoʻomaha, aia lākou i kahi kūlana i piʻi ʻia, aʻo ka shin e hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ka pahu i ka ʻūhā, e like me ka penknife. ʻO ka ʻūhā a me ka wāwae haʻahaʻa he mau laina o nā kuʻekuʻe wāwae a me nā niho. ʻO kēlā mau moʻo e paʻi ai e hoʻopaʻa i ka mantis i paʻa i kāna waiwai. ʻO kahi a me ka helu o nā kakalaioa ma nā forelimbs he ʻano waiwai nui ʻauhau nui o nā ʻano mantis a i hoʻohana i ko lākou hoʻoholo ʻana. E hoʻokaʻawale i ka lālani i loko o ka nahele (anteroventral), kahi e pili kokoke ana i ke kino o ka mantis, ka laina o waho (posterioventral), kahi'ē aʻe, aia nā laina ʻelua i nā wāwae a me nā ʻūhā, a me nā pūleo discoid, aia wale nō ma ka ʻaoʻao o lalo o ka uha. I kekahi mau ʻōuli, hoʻohana ʻia nā wāwae mua no ka neʻe ʻana.
Nā manawa ʻelua. Hoʻopili ʻia nā ʻēheu mua o nā mantis, translucent, lawelawe elytra, pale i nā ʻalā. ʻO nā ʻēheu ʻōpili i nā aʻa a lahilahi, pālahalaha pinepine, i kekahi manawa me kahi hiʻohiʻona māmā. Hōʻalo maikaʻi kekahi mau mantise (ʻoi aku ka lighter kāne), i nā ʻano ʻē aʻe i pupu ʻia nā ʻēheu i lalo a i ʻole me ka elytra.
ʻO ka pule ka ʻai ka mea e pale ai i ka pale a pale paha, e kōkua iā lākou e hoʻohui me nā mea kanu e kokoke ana. ʻO nā huaʻoki o ka mea ʻokiʻoki ma ke ʻano o ka lehelehe, nā pepeiaohao, nā kīkī e like me nā lau, nā lālā a i ʻole nā mea kanu o nā mea kanu e loaʻa pū me kēia. I ka manawa like, hiki i nā pepeke ʻōpiopio ke loaʻa nā kukui makilili ma ko lākou mau wāwae, ka umauma, a me nā ʻēheu, e hōʻike ana lākou i nā mea e kau ana a i ʻole nā mea ʻē aʻe e pule ai, e hoʻowalewale iā lākou. ʻO kekahi mau ʻano o ka mau mantis i hoʻohālike i ka lahele ʻoi loa ma lalo o nā mea ulia hymenopteran e pōʻino ana, ʻoi aku nā kime, ʻaʻole pinepine nā manu. Elua mau ʻano mantis mai kahi ʻano ʻAmelika Hema Vespamantoida ((ke lōʻihi o ke kino ma kahi o 12 mm) mimic ma lalo o nā wasps ma ke kahua imago ..
ʻO ka anatomy a me ke kikoo o nā pākeke
Hāʻawi ka pule pule i ka nui o nā kipi kumulāʻau nui. Aia kekahi puʻu mandibular liʻiliʻi e hūnā ana i ka enzyme amylase, kahi liʻiliʻi o ka lipase a me ka protease, akā ʻaʻole ia he invertase, ʻaʻole like me nā kohu salivary. He liʻiliʻi ka ʻōpū ʻōkuhi, me nā niho. ʻO ka pūpū waena he mau kaʻina makapō 8. E wehe ka ʻōnaehana tracheal me 8 mau pālua o ka dykhalets ma ka ʻaoʻao dorsal o ka ʻōpū. Ke pule nei ka pule ʻana i nā neʻe, a me ka hoʻomaha ʻana i ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū ma ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i nā loli gas passive i ka trachea. I loko o nā kaula kaulahao ma ka ʻōpū he 7 ganglia (nodes nerve).
He mea nui ka hihiʻo no nā mantis. ʻO ka maka papaka facet o ka mantis e loaʻa ma ka awelika e pili ana 9000 omatidia, kēlā me kēia he 8 cell cotoreceptor. Ka uhi ʻia nā maka o ka mantis i kahi kihi o ka ʻike ma kahi o 270 ° i ka mokulele kūpeʻe a ma kahi o 240 ° i ka kiko. He wahi nui nō hoʻi ko lākou nānā maka ʻoiola i mua o lākou. Ma ka ʻaoʻao waena o kēia pānaehana laena he wahi liʻiliʻi i kapa ʻia ʻo "the pio capture zone". I ka neʻe o ka mea liʻiliʻi i ka neʻe o ka wahi ma o kēia wahi a i ʻole ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o ia (ʻaʻole i emi iho ka 24 ° mai ia), e hāʻawi ka mea kikowaena o ka uha i nā hōʻailona me nā neurons o nā musc, nā ʻāpana a me ka mantis reflexively e hoʻolei i ka makana.
ʻO ka maʻamau, aia nā leo hoʻolohe hoʻolohe thoracic ma nā māhele thoracic.
Biology a me Ecology
ʻO ka pule pule e alakaʻi i kahi nohona predatory a me ka mea nui mai ka hoʻohālua. Hoʻohana pinepine i nā mea inikua, arachnids a me ka arthropods. ʻO ka ʻano nui nā mea ʻai nui ma nā nīwī liʻiliʻi, nā nakahi, nā baki, nā manu, a me nā ʻehā. Ma nā palapala kuʻepekema, e pili ana i nā hihia 150 o ka ʻai mantis (12 mau ʻano) o nā manu no 24 mau mea i hōʻike ʻia. ʻO ka hapa nui, ʻo ka Mantis i hoʻopuka i ʻAmelika ʻAmelika Tenensera sinensis a me ka ʻike kūloko Stagmomantis limbata, a ʻo kā lākou mau mea make i ka nui o nā ʻano hummingbird. Aia nō kekahi weheweheʻana o ka holomua mantis huni. Hierodula tenuidentata ma ka iʻa guppy.
ʻO ka pule pule ka mana o ka camouflage a hoʻohana i ka pale pale e hui pū ai me nā lau, e pale aku i nā mea hoʻopuka a me ka hoʻoluhi i ka poʻe i hōʻino ʻia. Ua hiki i kekahi mau ʻano mai ʻAmelika a me Ausetalia ke hoʻololi i kā lākou kala i ke ʻeleʻele ma hope o ke ahi e hiki ai ke hui pū me ka pae. Hoʻohui hou i kēia hoʻololi, hoʻohālikelike lākou i ka hoʻopili like ʻole me nā lau, akā no ka hoʻōla ʻana iā ia, ka hoʻohālike ʻana i nā lau, nā ʻōpala, nā hua kanu. Ke pule nei i nā kaona o ka ʻohana Metallyticidae kū mai nā mea āpau a me ko lākou ʻulaʻula uliuli-ʻōmaʻomaʻo me ka pua metallic.
Ke kū ʻoi aku i ka ʻenemi a hālāwai paha i ka hoʻokūkū, e pule ana ka pule a ka ʻalā nui: e hohola ʻia nā ʻēheu e like me ka mea aloha, e kuhikuhi ʻia nā wāwae mua, e huki ana ka hope o ka ʻōpū. Inā ʻaʻole pili kēia mau mea, e holo koke nā mea ʻino i ke kaua. Inā ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka ʻenemi, makemake lākou e lele. Akā inā ma ka ʻaoʻao aku ka maikaʻi, a laila e puka lākou i ke kaua e nā mea lanakila.
ʻAno hānau
No ka hui ʻana i nā mele he mea piha ʻole i ka loli piha a nānā ʻia i ke kaʻina ʻana o nā lā he ʻekolu wale nō - hua, nā huaʻōlelo a me nā pākeke. Hoʻohālike ʻia nā ʻōleʻaleʻa i ka nānā aku i nā pākeke a, like hoʻi me nā mea hope, he mau maka paʻakikī, e like me ka pākeke, ka ʻōpū o nā waha a, i nā makahiki kahiko, ua wehewehe maikaʻi ʻia nā ʻano ʻēheu o nā ʻēheu. Eia kekahi, alakaʻi ke aniani i ke ʻano like o ka poʻe pākeke.
Ma hope o ka moe ʻana, hū aku ka wahine i nā hua (mai 10 a 400 mau ʻāpana) i kahi wai kīwī kūikawā, kahi i hūnā ʻia e nā mea kōkua o ka mea hānau. Aia ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo foamy i kekahi ʻano o ka protein silika fibroin, kahi i loaʻa ai nā alpha helices, calcium oxalate predominate, a me kaʻaka i ka lewa, hana i ka pale pale e hoʻopuni ana i nā hua - nā ooteca. Hoʻopili pinepine nā Ooteks i ka substrate i kahi huna a: ma nā mea kanu lāʻau, ma lalo o nā pōhaku, ma nā puʻu lāʻau o nā lāʻau lāʻau, ma nā lālā. Hoʻokomo ʻo nā wahine o kekahi ʻano o nā mantis (Photininae) i nā ʻōleo a me nā ʻōpio ʻōpiopio. I nā wahi me ke anuanu maikaʻi loa, ooteks ka la i ka hoʻoilo.
Aia i ka nui o nā mantis, ka molī huaʻala mai nā manawa 5-6 a 8-10 e hiki ai i ka pākeke. ʻAi ʻia nā ʻano o nā leʻaliki liʻiliʻi i ka nui o nā inikini liʻiliʻi, ʻoiai ka ʻai ʻana o nā koʻi o nā makahiki mua o nā mea liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi i nā aphids. Me ka hoʻonui nui ʻana, hiki i ka lolo ke hopu i ka nui o ka nui.
Ka lawemu hakakā
ʻO nā pule pule e ʻike ʻia no kā lākou moe kolohe. ʻAi pinepine ka wahine i ke kāne ma hope, a i ka wā o ka wā moe, e like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia i loko o ka palapala kaulana a me ka aloha ʻole.
Hoʻomaka ka wahine i nā kāne mai ke poʻo (ʻoiai, ʻo ia kekahi mea waiwai), a inā hoʻomaka, ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka male o ka male, a laila e hoʻonui ʻia ka nui o ka sperm i hoʻopuka. Ua noʻonoʻo ka poʻe noiʻi mua i ka hana ʻana o nā wahine ma ke kumu, no ka mea, ʻo ka neʻe ʻana o nā hana hoʻohālikelike o ka kāne i mālama ʻia e nā nīne i loko o ka ʻōpū, ʻaʻole ma ke poʻo. ʻO ka wehewehe ʻākana o kēia manawa, he nui nā manaʻo o ka protein i ka wā mua o ka hiki ʻana o ka hua moa i ka wahine e loaʻa iā ia ma kēia ala.
E like me nā hopena o nā haʻawina o nā ʻano 'ano o ke kilis, he nui ka nui o ka cannibalism: mai ka 46% o nā hihia ma nā pelika o Australia. Pseudomantis albofimbriata i ka piha piha ʻana o ka cannibalism ma waena o mantis Kawaluina. ^ E Ha yM. Nā pelalela kāne kāne, ma nā moe lawaiʻa Kina (Tenensera sinensis), e hana i nā hana e pale ai i ka ʻai ʻana ma ka wahine. Ke hoʻokokoke pinepine ʻo Males i ka wahine, me ke neʻe lohi, mālama i kā lākou mamao a mālama nui aku inā pōloli ka wahine a i komo ke kāne i ka wahi pōpilikia no ka hoʻouka ʻana mai i ka wahine. I ka manawa like, ʻaʻole nā wahine wahine i hāʻawi i nā hōʻailona wahaheʻe e lure i nā kāne, ʻoi aku ka hōʻailona mākaukau no ka ʻaʻa ʻana, e hōʻemi ana i ke kaona o ka cannibalism moʻo wahine. . ^ E Ha yM.
Ua hōʻike ʻia nā haʻawina i ka lawehala e pili ana i ka pilikino. Ke mālama nei i ka wahine, hana ke kāne i ke ʻano kakaʻaka, e hoʻāʻo ana e hoʻololi i ke ʻano o ka makemake o ka wahine iā ia mai ka hoihoi ʻana mai ka waiwai i mea e manaʻo ai he hoa. Aia ke kumu e manaʻoʻiʻo ʻia ai ka hana like ma nā ʻalekina pule ʻē aʻe.
Nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe a me nā maʻi
ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe he mau microorganisms pathogenic, parasit a me nā invertebrates predatory. ʻO ka pule ʻōlaʻi kekahi ʻai no nā kuʻekuʻe (nā reptile, nā manu, a me nā mammals). I waena o kēia mau kalana, pono e hoʻomaopopo i nā wailua parasit mai ka pūʻulu o nā holoholona lauoho, e hoʻopiʻi ana i nā hua pālua a me nā mantis.
Aia kekahi hui o nā meaola e ulu ma muli o nā hua a me nā hua o nā mantis, ʻaʻole naʻe nā palu maoli, ʻoiai ka hopena o kā lākou hana nui i mea e pau ai nā honu o nā mea i nā mea a pau. Ua kālai ʻia ka inoa i ka ʻepekema no nā ʻelele o kahi hui i loaʻa i ke ʻano o ka pilina pili ola me nā parasitoids. Aia kekahi ʻano ʻoku holo holomua o ka hui chalcidid mai ke kauoha Hymenoptera e waiho ana i kā lākou hua ma ka moʻo o ka mantis, kahi e ʻai ai ka honu i nā hua o ka mantis. ʻO kekahi mau wasps sphecid, no ka laʻana ʻO ke kāʻei Tachysphexhōʻiliʻili i ka lolo laris a hānai iā lākou i kā lākou palima.
Phylogeny a me ka ʻauhau
Me Orthoptera (Orthoptera), mau pepeiao (Dermaptera), Freckles (Plecoptera), embi (Embioptera), Ghostbirds (Phasmida), nā ipisika (Grylloblattodea), zoraptera (Zoraptera), a me ka Mathidae Polyneoptera.
Ua loaʻa ka hapa nui o nā lehelehe pule fossil e pili ana i ka wā Cretaceous, Neogene a me Quaternary. Kakaha Kahaha Ambermantis wozniaki, Burmantis burmitica a me nā mea ʻē aʻe e like me nā ʻelele o nā ʻohana ʻĀpana Mantoididae a me Amorphoscelidae, ʻoiai i ka manawa like me nā ʻano like ʻole i nā kūloʻi. Ma muli o nā ʻikepili i loaʻa, hiki ke manaʻo i ka pule pule i hele like me kahi hui mahele i loko o ka Cretaceous, ʻoiai ko lākou hoʻomohala koʻikoʻi (e like me ka anai) ua kū mua ma Quaternary. ʻO Mantis kahi hui mon monopoli, i haku ʻia mai nā kūpuna maʻamau me nā ʻokiʻoni ʻē aʻe. Ua ʻike ʻia nā pepeke e like me nā ʻenehana hou mai ka Early Cretaceous. Eia nō naʻe, ua manaʻo kekahi o nā mea kākau i nā pepeke fossil Mesoptilus dolloi protobogomol, a laila hoʻomaka i ka hoʻomaka o ka detachment i ka wā Carboniferous mua o ka manawa. Eia nō naʻe, he ʻaumua kēia mau ʻike a ʻaʻole hiki ke hōʻoia ʻia i ka pule pule. Hoʻolilo ʻia nā ʻelele o nā ʻohana liʻiliʻi i ka maʻalahi a me ka pili loa i nā hui kūpuna ma waena o nā moʻo pule pule: Mantoididae, Chaeteessidae, Metallyticidae. ʻAkahi mau ʻohana ʻekolu i loko o ka genus 1 wale nō; ma ka huina, aia ma kahi o 20 mau ʻano hou i loko o lākou.ʻO nā hua mele kahiko o ka mantis, ka mea i ʻike ʻia me Mantoididae a me Chaeteessidae, i ʻike ʻia mai ka Paleogene mua (60-55 Ma mua). ʻAʻole i like me ka nui o nā kaila i kēia manawa, ʻaʻole i loaʻa nā hui auditory, nā mea noiʻi e wehewehe i ka hele mai hope o nā pā i ka mōʻaukala o ka makū.
Nā hui āpau e pule ana, e hōʻiliʻili ʻia i nā ʻohana 9-15, ʻo ka hapanui loa e like me nā ʻōnaehana noiʻi a Shopar i 1949, Beer 1964 a me Ehrmann a me Rua 2002. I waena o lākou, ʻo ka ʻohana nui ka Mantidae, ʻo ka makahiki o ka 2018 he 17 mau subfamili, 149 genera, 1016 mau ʻano, akā he ʻano hoʻohālike ʻia nā ʻōnaehana o nā ʻohana. ʻO ka ʻohana ka aneane o ka hapalua o nā ʻano mantis o kēia mau ʻano, he ʻokoʻa loa ia. Eia nō kekahi, ua ʻike ʻia ka ʻohana a me nā haʻahaʻa āpau i ka polyphyletic a koi aku i nā haʻawina ʻukepili hou. ʻO nā ʻohana Amorphoscelidae, Eremiaphilidae, Acanthopidae, Empusidae a me Sibyllidae he monophyletic; nā poʻe ʻē aʻe e koi i ka hoʻoponopono ʻauhau.
Nā ʻohana kuʻuna
ʻO ka ʻohana Amorphoscelidae nona ka 15 genera a māhele ʻia iā 3 subfamilies: Perlamantinae (2 genera, Hema ʻEulopa a me ʻAmelika ʻAmelika), ʻo Amorphoscelinae (5 genera, Sub-Saharan ʻApelika a me ʻAsia ʻĀsia) a me Paraoxypilinae (8 genera, Australia a me New Guinea, 1 ʻano o Exparoxypilus africanus mai Tanzania). Hoʻokomo ʻia ka ʻohana Eremiaphilidae i nā mantis liʻiliʻi me nā ʻēheu i emi iho, ka poʻe noho no nā one a me nā pōhaku i kūkulu ʻia. Aia ka ʻohana i ka 2 genera: Eremiaphila (ma kahi o 70 mau ʻano) a Heteronutarsus (4 mau ʻano). ʻO ka ʻohana Acanthopidae ka 13 genera a māhele ʻia i 3 subfamilies: Acanthopinae (6 genera), Acontistinae (6 genera), Stenophyllinae (1 genus). ʻO ka ʻohana o Empusa lāua ʻo Sibyllidae i like me ka externally, akā he phylogenetically hoʻokaʻawale i ka genera o nā mantises. Pūnana ʻohana empusa he 10 genera, hui pū i 2 subfamilies: Blepharodinae (3 genera) a me Empusinae (7 genera). Kālaha nā mea kuauhau ma ka Honua Tua: ʻEulopa, ʻAmelika, ʻĀpika Komohana. He hanana o nā kūloko o ka hui i ke poʻo, hele wāwae wāwae a me ka ʻōpū me nā lehelehe, elongated prothorax, nā mea antennas a hoʻohui ʻia a cirrus. Ke alakaʻi pinepine nei kēia mau mele i kahi nohona nocturnal, noho i mauʻu nahele a ulu ʻole paha. He ʻohana liʻiliʻi ʻo Sibyllidae nona ka 3 genera: Leptosibylla, Presibylla, Sibylla. ^ E Ha yM. Kahi ʻia ma ka ʻulana o Africa, i ke kūkulu hema o Sahara. Pahu me kahi 'kihi' elongated, waena a me nā wāwae wāwae me ka lehelehe. Noho lākou i ka hapanui o nā kumulāʻau ma ke ululāʻau kaiāulu.
Pehea kona ʻano: ke ʻano a me nā hiʻohiʻona o ka mantis
Ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, he kino elongated ka mana, ʻo ia hoʻi kahi kilokilo o kēia mau manu. ʻO ka pule ʻana i nā mantish kekahi o nā inikini liʻiliʻi e hiki ai i ka loli piha o ke poʻo a puni kona koi.. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO ia ke kumu a lākou e ʻohi ai i ka ʻenemi mai hope. ʻO ka pepeiao wale o ka inika he hoʻokahi wale nō, akā ʻo kona pepeiao wale nō ka maikaʻi.
Nohi o kahi mantis
Loaʻa nā peka ʻona ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua o ke poʻo. He ʻekolu mau maka mua ma luna o ka wahi e ulu ai ka antennae. ʻO ka ʻumi o nā mantis, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻo ke ʻano hoʻohālikelike, hiki iā ia ke cirrus a me ke kohoorm. Kūlike ke ʻano o ke keʻe o ke ʻano manuahi.
ʻO ka hapa nui o nā ʻano mantis i lako ʻia me nā ʻēheu, akā hiki ke hoʻohana wale nā kāne kāne iā lākou no kā lākou kumu. ʻAʻole hiki i nā wahine ke lele ma muli o kā lākou nui a me ke kaupaona. Hoʻokahi pōpilikia o kēlā me kēia kuhi ʻelua o nā ʻēheu - mua a i hope. ʻO ka maʻa mau kēia i ka kala kala, ʻo kekahi manawa me nā hoʻolālā hoʻohālike nani. Eia nō naʻe, aia kekahi ʻano ʻano mantis o nā ʻēheu ʻole - nā mantis earthen.
Ua kūkulu ʻia kēlā me kēia pule e kūkulu nei i nā forepaws kahi e hiki ai iā ia ke hopu pio. ʻO ke ʻano o nā puka mua: nā mika acetabular, nā pōpoki, nā wāwae haʻahaʻa me nā kaula ma nā kihi, nā wāwae. Aia nā kīpī kīpē ma nā ʻūhā o lalo, ʻo nā kīpaku liʻiliʻi kekahi ma nā wāwae haʻahaʻa.
ʻO ka pule pule e hopu ana ma waena o nā wāwae a me nā ʻūhā. Mālama lākou iā ia a pau loa i ka ʻai ʻia. Ma muli o ka hāmeʻa hanohano maʻamau, ʻo nā mantes ka mea i ka kaila kaila maʻalahi. Hoʻokomo ka Oxygen i ke kino o ka inika ma o kekahi kaulahao paʻakikī o kekahi mau tracheas, kahi i hoʻopili ʻia e nā stigmas.
Kālā
ʻO ka ʻokoʻa nui i waena o nā kāne ka mea nui. Ua ʻoi aku ka nui o nā wahine ma mua o nā kāne. ʻO ka nui ka nui o nā mantis Ischnomantis gigas i Africa, hiki ke ulu i 17 cm ke lōʻihi, ʻo ia nō ka mea paʻa ma waena o nā mantis āpau e pili ana i ka nui.
Hiki ke kapa ʻia ʻo ia ʻo Heterochaeta orientalis ke ʻano o ka pule mantis, kahi e pae ana i ka lua. He liʻiliʻi iki ka nui o nā papa inoa o kēia mau nūpepa - a hiki i 16 cm. ʻO nā mea maʻalahi loa o nā ʻano pua i ulu ʻole i ka 1,5 cm ka lōʻihi.
ʻĀpana - kahi i noho ai ka mantis?
ʻO nā pule pule he maʻamau i loko o ka honua. Aia lākou ma ʻEulopa, ʻAsia, ʻAmelika a me ʻAmelika. Nui nā ʻano mantis i ʻōlelo ʻia ma nā ʻāina ʻo ʻAsia. Hiki i kekahi mau manuahi ke loaʻa ma nā ʻāina CIS. Ua lawe ʻia i nā iniseti nā ʻAmelika ʻAmelika a me ʻAmelika Hema, kahi i hiki ai iā lākou ke aʻa.
Noho ka Mantis ma nā lehelehe a me nā subtropics:
- Ma nā hulu hoʻoili.
- I nā wī wela, kahi e ulu mau ai ka lā aloha.
- I nā ʻōpala a me nā ʻūhā, i uhi ʻia me ka mauʻu ʻōmaʻomaʻo.
Ma ke ʻano, he thermophilic ka manthes. He paʻakikī iā lākou e ʻae i nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. Ma kēia i loko o Rūsia e hiki ke hoʻokau i nā hoʻokolohua maoli no ka pule ʻana i nā manene e neʻe ana mai nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe. Ke ʻimi nei lākou i nā meaʻai a me nā noho hou.
ʻAʻole ʻano pinepine loa kēlā mau neʻe. E makemake ana nā pule pule e noho i nā wahi i noho ʻia. E noho mau lākou ma ka lāʻau hoʻokahi i ko lākou ola ma lalo o ke kūlana aia kahi meaʻai. Loaʻa ʻia ka neʻe ʻana o nā mea maʻi manuahi i ka wā moe, me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana o nā wahi a me nā pōpilikia.
ʻActerlelo ola a me ke ʻano
ʻOi loa ka makemake o nā pule pule e mālama i kā lākou hana i ke ao. ʻAʻole lākou e holo i ko lākou ʻenemi kūlohelohe. Hoʻomaʻomaʻo ka ʻenehana i nā mantis me kahi mākaʻi pale - i ka wā pōpilikia lākou e huli i ka ʻenemi, hohola i kā lākou mau ʻēheu a hoʻōho ikaika. ʻO nā leo e hana ʻia e nā iniseti ua kani nui loa a he maikaʻi ʻole hoʻi. Ua makaʻu lākou i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe.
pale mantis
No ke aha ke kaikamahine e pule ai ka wahine i ka kāne?
I ka wā e moe ai, hiki i ka wahine ke ʻai i kāna hoa, me ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa iā ia me kekahi mea e make. ʻAi nā wahine i nā kāne no ke kumu he nui ka nui o ka palaka no ka hānau keiki. I ka manawa like, ʻaʻole i hoʻouka wale ʻia nā hoapili, akā ʻo ke koena o nā ʻano like ʻole.
Ma mua o ka moe ʻana, ʻo ka hula ʻana ke kāne i mua o ka hoa hoa, e hoʻopio ana i kahi mea ʻono. Hōʻike ka ʻono i ka moʻo i kēlā me kēiaʻano. I kekahi manawa ʻaʻole o ka wahine i ʻai i ka kāne, akā ʻokoʻa loa kēia. ʻO ka mea mua, nalowale ke kanaka male i ke poʻo, a ma hope o ka ʻai wahine.
Huli nui nā poʻe hoʻomaikaʻi iā lākou. He maneuverable lākou maoli, hiki iā lākou ke hopu a pepehi i ka mea pepehi i kahi kekona. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona o nā pepeke he mea kūpono lākou i kā lākou mau neʻe a pau i ka lele.
He aha kahi meaʻai o ka mantis?
ʻO ka pule pule ʻana he poʻe predator a loaʻa iā ia ka hiki keʻai maikaʻi. ʻAi lākou i nā mea inikini liʻiliʻi, akā hiki ke hoʻouka i nā mea nui i ʻoi aku ka nui o lākou. ʻO ka nui o nā ʻano nui i hoʻoulu ʻia i ka mammals liʻiliʻi, nā reptile a me nā reptile. Keʻimi nei lākou i nā mea i hūnā ʻia e kaū malū, e hūnā i nā lau a hoʻopā me ka wikiwiki o ka uila.
Kālā a me ka masking
ʻO ka pule pule he mālamalama kamaliʻi maikaʻi loa. Hoʻokumu ka waihoʻoluʻu ʻula a me kā lākou wahi i ke wahi o ke ola ʻana. Hiki i nā ʻōmani kekahi mau ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ai ʻole kekahi, a ʻokoʻa paha. Pili ʻia ke kala o ka inikini i kona wahi. ʻAʻole ʻike ʻia ka mantis pua ʻōmaʻomaʻo i ka mauʻu, ʻona i ka lepo. ʻIke like nā ʻano kukuna e like me kēia e huki ai i nā wahine.
Hiki i kekahi mau inikini ke ʻano ʻē like ʻole. No laila ua ʻike ʻia lākou i nā ʻenemi. Inā kū kekahi i kahi iniseti, a laila hoʻomaka ia e wehe i kona mau ʻēheu, e hoʻāʻo e nānā nui.
Kanikau
ʻO Mantis he mea ʻimi maikaʻi maikaʻi loa. Eia nō naʻe, e lilo lākou i mau mea kīpēwī o nā holoholona hihiu. ʻO ka ʻenemi nui no ka makaʻāina he ʻano ʻano lawena hou. Hiki i nā mea nui ke pepehi i nā mantis a pau i kahi wahi a ʻaʻohe pilikia. ʻO nā pule pule he nui nā mea hihiu, no laila ke haki nei lākou i nā ʻelele o ko lākou ʻohana ponoi a hiki i nā hihia ke nui aʻe lākou.
Nā mantis maʻamau
Ke noi mau nei nā pule i hana ʻia i nā wahi o ka honua. Nui loa lākou, hiki i 7 cm ke lōʻihi. ʻO ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo a ʻōmaʻomaʻo paha, hiki ke lele. Pono ke kino o ka ʻona. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona nui o kēia ʻano he wahi ʻuʻina ʻeleʻele i loko o ka coxae o nā forelegs.
ʻO ke kumu o ke inoa Mantis
Ua hāʻawi ka inoa o ka makahiki kanalona ʻo Karl Linyi i ka inoa hoʻonaʻauao i ka mau māka i ka makahiki 1758, e nānā ana i ka manaʻo o ka pose o ka mantis, ka mea i ka ʻōhū a me ka mālama i ka mea i pio, ua like loa me ka pose o kahi kanaka i kālai i kona mau lima i ka pule i ke Akua. Ma muli o ke ʻano like ʻole o ke ʻano kuʻuna, hāʻawi ka ʻepekema i ka inikini i ka inoa Latin "Mantis religiosa", ka mea i unuhi maoli ma ka "kahuna pule", ka inoa "pule mantis" hiki maoli i kā mākou ʻōlelo.
ʻOiai ʻaʻole ia i kapa ʻia e like me kēlā me nā wahi āpau, loaʻa nō kekahi i kā mākou manawaleʻa, ʻaʻohe inoa lokomaikaʻi, no ka mea, ma Sepania, ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia ʻo Caballito del Diablo - ʻo ka ʻalē a ka diabolō a maʻalahi hoʻi - muerte - make. ʻO nā inoa like ʻole e pili pū ana i ka pili o nā mantis.
He aha ka mea e like ai ka mantis: kahi hoʻolālā a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Hōʻike ʻia ke ʻano o ke kumis i kahi kino elongated, ka mea e hoʻokaʻawale iā ia mai nā mea ʻino arthropod ʻē aʻe.
ʻO ka mantis paha wale nō ka mea ola e hiki ke hoʻololi koke i kāna poʻo triangular ʻano 360 kiʻekiʻe. Mahalo i kēlā loea maikaʻi, ʻike ʻo ia i ka ʻenemi e neʻe mai i hope. A hoʻokahi wale nō pepeiao ona, akā, ʻoiai, mālama wale kēia.
ʻO nā maka o nā mantis kahi pānaehana paʻakikī paʻakikī, aia ma nā ʻaoʻao o ke poʻo, akā i ka hoʻohui iā lākou, he ʻekolu mau maka maʻalahi o ko mākou mākaukau ma luna o ka waihona o ka antennae.
ʻO ka antennae o nā mantis ka mau huluhulu, hulu manuʻula, a he kohoorm paha, e hilinaʻi ana i nā ʻano o nā pepeke.
E noi ana nā ʻaina pule, kokoke i kā lākou mau ʻano, he mau ʻēheu i kūkulu ʻia, akā ʻo ka hapanui o nā kāne wale nō ke lele, nā wahine, no ka nui o ko lākou kaupaona ʻana, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka lele ʻana ma mua o nā kāne. ʻO nā eheu o nā mantis i ʻelua kihi: ʻo ka mua a i hope, ʻo nā mua i mua e like me ka elytra e pale ana i nā ʻēheu pale. Aia kekahi, ʻoluʻolu nā kiʻi ʻili, a i kekahi manawa ke hālāwai me nā hiʻohiʻona hoʻohālike. Akā i waena o nā ʻano ʻano nunui o ka mantis i kēlā me kahi mantis earthen (Latin inoa Geomantis larvoides), ʻaʻohe ona lele ʻē aʻe.
E hoʻomohala nui nā pule pule i nā forelimbs, he ʻano paʻakikī kēia - ʻo ia mau mea he nui nā kikoʻī: nā swivels, nā ʻūhā, nā wāwae haʻahaʻa a me nā wāwae. Nui nā puʻupuʻu nunui e loaʻa i nā lālani ʻekolu ma lalo o ka ʻūhā. Aia nō hoʻi nā mea maʻi (ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā mea) i ka pihi shis, kahi i hoʻonani ʻia me ka pihi nui a me ka pono. ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona ākea o nā pawis mantis, ʻike i ke kiʻi.
Mālama ʻo Mantis i kā lākou kamaʻilio ma waena o ka ʻūhā a me ka wāwae haʻahaʻa a pau ka ʻai ʻana.
He ʻano mua ka helehelena o nā mantis, akā aia ke kumu no kēia - kahi ʻōnaehana ʻokoʻa ʻole. Hāʻawi ʻia ka Makuisa e ka oxygen i kahi pūnaehana paʻakikī o nā tracheas i pili me ka dykhaltsami (stigmata) ma ka ʻōpū ma waena a i hope o ke kino. I ka trachea aia nā ʻeke o ka ea e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hoʻoweliweli ʻana o ka ʻōnaehana hanu holoʻokoʻa.
Kāleʻa Mantis
E like me nā mea ulana mantis ʻē aʻe, aia ko lākou mau mana kūpono o ka camouflage, ʻo kēia ʻano lāʻau kūlohelohe e pale aku i ka poʻe predator, a no laila ke ʻano o ko lākou mau kala, e hilinaʻi ana i ke kaiapuni, ʻōmaʻomaʻo, nā melemele a me nā ʻona polō. Noho ke kiaʻi kūleʻa i ka lau o nā lau ʻōmaʻomaʻo, nā ʻāpanaʻulaʻula mai ka ʻili o nā kumulāʻau.
He aha kahi meaʻai o ka mantis?
ʻAʻole he mea huna a ko kā mākou koa ka iʻa kaulana e makemake ana e hānai i nā mea inikini liʻiliʻi, a ʻaʻole hopohopo e hoʻouka i ka mea i ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o ia mea. ʻAi ʻia lākou nā iʻa, nā namu, nā pi, nā punilele, nā ʻuhane, nā ʻalā, nā pōpoki, a me nā mea nui.
Hoʻomaʻamaʻa pinepine ʻia nā ʻalāʻau pule, hopu koke lākou i ka waiwai me ka wāwae o mua a mai hoʻokuʻu i kahi a ʻānai ʻia lākou. ʻAe nā mānoanoa ikaika i kēia mau gluttons e ʻai no ka mea he pākaʻi nui.
Nā mantis Orchid
ʻO nā mantish Orchid kekahi o nā ʻanoʻano like loa o kēia mau pepeke. Hāʻawi ʻia ka inoa ma muli o ka waihoʻoluʻu a me ke ʻano, e like me nā petals o nā orchids. Ma kēia mau pua ua kali lākou a hopu i nā pepeke ʻē aʻe. Ke ulu nei lākou a 8 cm, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā kāne. ʻO nā ʻelele like ʻole o ko lākou ʻohana hūnā e holo i waena o nā ʻenemi nui.
ʻAuhea e noho ai ka mantis?
Kokoke i nā wahi āpau, no ka mea he ākea ka nui o ko lākou nohoʻana: Central and Southern Europe, Asia, North and South America Africa, Africa, Australia. ʻAʻole wale lākou ma nā ʻaoʻao kūkulu ʻākau, ʻoiai nā mantes ʻaʻole maopopo loa i ke anuanu. Akā ke kūpono kūpono iā lākou, no ka laʻana, ka mahana a me ka humuhumu o nā ʻalika o ʻAmelika a me ʻAmelika Hema. Manaʻo nui ka mantis ma nā ululāʻau kai, a ma nā wahi ākea, a ma nā wao nahele hele.
Maʻalahi lākou ka neʻe ʻana mai kahi wahi a i kahi, hoʻokaʻawale i kā lākou maʻamau maʻamau i nā wahi mamao i ʻike ʻole ʻia, ʻo ke kumu wale nō ka mea e hiki ai ke neʻe iā lākou i kahi huakaʻi, ʻo ia ka nele o ka lako meaʻai.
Ehia mau pule e noho nei?
Hiki i ke ola ʻo Mantis ke ola i hoʻokahi makahiki. Eia nō naʻe, i loko o kahi wahi i hana ʻia, ka makahiki o kekahi mau kanaka i hōʻea a hoʻokahi a me ka hapa mau makahiki. E hoʻomoʻa i ʻelua mau pule ma hope o ka hānau ʻana. ʻO Males, e like me ke kānāwai, make ma hope o ka moe ʻana. Eia kekahi, ʻo nā wahine nui e pepehi iā lākou. Hoʻomaka koke nā huaʻai hou i kapa ʻia i nā palu liʻiliʻi, ma hope o ka ʻehā molt i lilo ai lākou i kope o nā pākeke.
Nā mantis maʻamau
Ke noho nei nā mantis maʻamau i ka hapa o nā ʻāina o ʻEulopa, Asia a me ʻAmelika. ʻO kahi mantis pule pule he ʻelele nui ia o ke aupuni pule, a hiki i 7 cm (wahine) a me 6 cm (kāne). Ma ke kānāwai, he ʻōmaʻomaʻo a ʻōmaʻomaʻo paha i ka kala kala, hoʻomōmaikaʻi ʻia nā ʻēheu, ka liʻiliʻi ʻo ka lele mai ke lālā a lālā i kahi lālā no ka mantis ʻaʻole ia he pilikia maʻamau. ʻO ka ʻōpū. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻokaʻawale i kēia ʻano pelis e kahi ʻeleʻele uliuli, aia ma ka coxae o nā wāwae mua o nā wāwae mai loko.
No ke aha i kapa ʻia ai kahi mantis?
ʻO ka inoa e pule nei i nā mantis, ka mea i hoʻohui ʻia, i puka mua ʻia i ka makahiki 1758. Ua kapa ʻia nā pepekika e ka ʻepekema kūlohelohe Swan Karl Linnaeus. Ua nānā ʻo ia i nā pepeke a ua hana i kahi ala hoihoi e like me ka poʻe e pule nei i ke Akua. ʻO ka mea maoli, ua like ke ʻano o nā mua o ka mantis i kahi pule mau. Ua kapa ʻia ka mea ʻanggao "Mantis religiosa", i unuhi ia mai ka Latin "" kahuna kahuna. " Ma ka wehewehe Lūkini, ua loaʻa ka inoa "pule mantis" i kumu.
ʻO Karl Linney ka mea kākau moʻolelo mua ʻepekema
I ka manawa like, ʻaʻole kapa ʻia nā mantis i kahi pepeke ma nā kihi a pau o ka honua. ʻO ka pinepine, ʻike ʻia ka mantis me nā manaʻo kahakaha. I loko o Sepania, no ka laʻana, pili ka mantis me ka make a kapa ʻia ʻo ia ka skate a ka diabolo. Hiki ke pili me kēia mau inoa me nā hana ʻino o nā mantis, weliweli i ka poʻe.
Nā māka Chinese
ʻO ka ʻike aku, ʻo ka wahi e hānau ai a me ka noho mua o kēia ʻano o ke anuanu ʻo Kina. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā mantis Chinese, a lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o nā wahine i 15 cm ka lōʻihi, akā ʻoi aku ka nui o nā kāne. He ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me kaʻulaʻula. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona nui o nā pule pule Kina no ko lākou ola nocturnal, aʻo ko lākou mau hoahānau ʻē aʻe e hiamoe ana i ka pō.Eia kekahi, ʻo nā ʻōpio ʻōpiopio o ka Pākīwika, ʻaʻole e loaʻa nā ʻēheu e ulu wale ana ma hope o kekahi mau molts, a laila loaʻa pū lākou i ka hiki ke lele.
Deroplatys desiccata
Ma nā nahele ulu ʻōlū o Malaysia, e ola ana kahi nui mantis, i kūlike me nā lau hāʻule. Ua wehe ʻia i ka makahiki 1839, ka mea moʻomeheu English a me entomologist John Obadia Westwood.
ʻO ke poʻo, nā manamana a me ke kino o ka inisike e like me nā lau. Ma muli o kēia, loaʻa iā ia kona inoa ʻanoʻano "" ka nui o nā lau laulele. "
Lipa kini
ʻO nā ʻano ʻē aʻe e koi ai nā lau. No laila, kapa ʻia kēlā iā Leaf Mate. Hiki iā ʻoe ke kamaʻilio me Deroplatys Lobata ma nā mokupuni o ka Moana Pakipika, ma Indonesia a ma ka Penina Mālama.
He mea maʻalahi ka mālama ʻia i ke pio, akā he microclimate haʻalulu e like me ka ʻola o nā ʻōpala o nā ʻōpala. Hoʻokomo nā wahine i ka 9 cm, akā ulu a mau kāne nā 4.5 cm.
Pseudocreobotra wahlbergii
'O ka' āina o ka pink pink spiked mantis i ka hema a me ka hikina o ka 'Āpelika Awela. Hiki i ke ʻōpiopio ke hoʻopili ʻia me nā pua ʻulaʻula, e kali ana i kāna waiwai ma waena o nā petals.
ʻO nā kukui ʻalani a me nā pupu i ka lalo o ke kino e hoʻonāukiuki i nā manu mai ona. Loaʻa iā ia kekahi waiwai ʻokoʻa. Ua ʻike ʻo ia e pehea e hoʻoponopono i kona mau mua, e hoʻonui nui ana i ka nui o kona kino. Ma ka hoʻomaha, ʻaʻole ka lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi ma mua o 38 mm.
Heterochaeta orientalis
He kamaʻāina o ʻAmelika, kahi mantis-spike-maka me kona ʻulaʻula a me kona ʻano kino e like me ka lālā maloʻo. Mālama kēia mākaʻikaʻi iā ia e ʻauheʻe mai nā ʻenemi, e hōʻeha maʻalahi i kāna mau poʻe mai kahi hoʻohālua.
Kūpono ʻia kona mau maka me nā pīpī, a no laila ua ʻike kēia ʻano lāʻau i nā mea e hiki mai ana ma hope ona. Ke ulu nui nei ka mantis oriental nui i 15 cm ka lōʻihi, e hānai iā i nā pōpoki, nā pōpō a me nā mea ʻē aʻe e lele ana ʻo Lepidoptera.
Mai poina, ma kā mākou papa pūnaewele most-beauty.ru aia kahi ʻatikala ʻike e pili ana i nā pōpō momona maikaʻi loa o ka honua.
ʻO basalis Rhombodera
Hiki i ka mantis nui nā genus Rhombodera ke loaʻa ma waena o nā mākahawai hoʻi o India, Thailand a me Malaysia. Makemake nā wahi e noho i nā wahi mahana a hoʻomehana. Kūleʻa nā pākeke i 9 cm.
Hoʻokoʻa mai nā ʻano ʻē aʻe ʻē aʻe o ka pale umauma. ʻO ka kala waiho turquoise ʻōmaʻomaʻo me kahi kala polū. Ma muli o ka nani a me ka hoʻonani kūlohelohe, lilo pinepine ia i kamaʻāina o nā hale ʻoluʻolu home.
Blepharopsis mendica
ʻO ka manuahi ʻoluʻolu hoʻi me ka hana ʻino ʻole i kapa ʻia ʻo ia ka "pua daimonio" ma muli o kona ʻoniʻoni a me ke ʻano kino. ʻIke ʻia e ka zoologist Denmark Johann Sebastian Fabrice i 1775.
I ka wā pōpilikia, hohola ʻia nā ʻēheu, hoʻāla ʻia nā wāwae e makaʻu aku i ka ʻenemi. Noho lākou i semi-deserto a me nā wahi kuahiwi o ʻAsia Hikina a me ʻApelika ʻākau.
Diabolica idolomantis
ʻO ka pua "Damn," ʻoiai ua kapa ʻia kēia ʻano holoholona, i ʻike ʻia ma nā ʻāina o Aferika Hikina. Holo ia mai kahi ʻaminu, hoʻohala ʻo ia iā ia iho i mau pua a me nā lau o nā kumu lāʻau a me nā lāʻau.
Aia i ka kaiāulu, hiki iā ia ke hoʻololi i ke kala o ke kino, a me ke kaʻe o nā manamana. ʻO nā mantis nani loa, e like me nā kaonaʻenehana, ua lilo ia i "Aliʻi o nā mantis" maoli no kona nui a me kona ʻāpana.
Kaomi Miomantis
ʻO ʻAmelika maoli ka ʻāina maoli i kēia mau ʻāina, akā i ka makahiki 1978, ua hoʻokomo ʻia i kēia mau ʻōiwi i Niu Sila. ʻO ka mea hou nei, ua loaʻa i kēia mau mana pelekane ma Pokukala.
ʻO kahi mea ola liʻiliʻi, e ulu ana a hiki i 6 cm ka lōʻihi, e hūnā ma lalo o nā lau, e kali ana no ka mea i pānaʻi, a holo pū i nā ʻenemi. He cannibalism moe kolohe kēia ʻano holoholona. ʻAi ka wahine i ke kāne koke ma hope o ka moe ʻana.
Choeradodis rhombicollis
Ke ola nei kēia manuahi ʻokoʻa ma ke kuahiwi ʻo Peru. He mea paʻakikī loa ka mantra thyroid ke ʻike i waena o nā lau ʻōmaʻomaʻo, me ka maʻalahi ke kālai ʻia e nā lau ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me nā wana o nā mea kanu.
I ka huina, ka genus Choeradodis me nā ʻano 5, ʻokoʻa ka ʻokoʻa a me ke kino o ke kino. Ua neʻe kekahi mau ʻano mai Peru mai ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, maʻalahi lākou i ka maʻalahi o nā noho ola hou.
Pogonogaster tristani
ʻO kahi kahi o ka mantis nani ʻo nā ululāʻau o Costa Rica. Ua ʻike ʻia kēia mau ʻano i ka makahiki 1918, a ua kapa ʻia ma hope o kāna mea ʻike, entomologist ʻo P. Tristani.
ʻO kahi ʻano holoholona līpī ʻole e hele wikiwiki ʻia e hele ma mua o ke kanaka. Maikaʻi i ka makahiki 2012, ua kiʻi ʻo Oscar Blanco, ka mea nāna i hopu i ka iniseti. Ma hope mai, me nā zoologists, ua paʻi ka mea paʻi kiʻi i kahi hana ʻepekema holoʻokoʻa e pili ana i kēia puka makana, e hāʻawi ana i ka hana me nā kiʻi nani a me nā kiʻi.
A e pili ana i nā mea ʻenemi keu loa i ka lewa, ua hoʻomākaukau ʻo most-beauty.ru i kahi palapala hoihoi no ʻoe.
Phyllocrania paradoxa
ʻO kēia mau nīnū maʻamau e noho i ka hema o ka wao nahele Sahara. ʻO nā mea hou nei, ua loaʻa ka ʻike o ka ʻohana Metallyticidae ma Madagascar.
ʻO ke ʻano o ke kino, like kona ʻano me ka lau maloʻo. Ma muli o kēia, he paʻakikī loa ke ʻike. He liʻiliʻi lākou. Ke ulu iki nei lākou ma kahi o 4-5 cm. I ka manawa pōpilikia, hiki iā lākou ke hoʻohua i ka make.
Hymenopus coronatus
Ke hoʻopau nei ko mākou koho ma ka most-beauty.ru nani ʻo Orchid Mantis, nani, e like me ka pua orchid. He kūlohelohe, loaʻa iā ia kona inoa ʻano no ka mea o kona ʻano like me kahi pua.
Ke ulu nei ka wahine o kēia ʻano a i 9 cm, akā ua liʻiliʻi nā kāne - a hiki i 4 cm ke hiki iā ʻoe ke hālāwai me lākou i ka ululāʻau o Indonesia a me India. Ma muli o kona nani, koi nui ka noi i waena o nā poʻe aloha i nā inikua exotic, a hoʻokipa pinepine i nā pā hale i nā hale a me nā zoos.
Ma ke ala, he ʻatikala hoihoi e pili ana i nā orchid nani loa i kā mākou pūnaewele most-beauty.ru.
Hoʻohālikelike
Ke nānā nei i nā kiʻi nani o nā mantis, ʻo ia he maopopo no ka hana maoli ke ʻano maoli. Ua uku aku ʻo ia i kēia mau inikua me kahi ʻano like ʻole. Ke hoʻohana nei kekahi mau holoholona i nā camouflage e hūnā mai nā mea hoʻopuka a me nā manu, nā poʻe ʻē aʻe e hūnā i ka wahine ʻē aʻe. A he ʻokoʻa ʻole nā hapakolu a hiki ʻole iaʻu ke manaʻoʻiʻo he mau mea ola kēia.
No nā mea i loaʻa ʻole nā kiʻi nani o nā mantis, ma lalo aʻe ua kiʻi mākou i kekahi mau kiʻi hou aʻe!
Pua nani
Hoʻokahi o ka ʻohana Empusidae. (Steve Smith)
Habitat - ʻĀpana ʻAmelika. (Steve Smith)
ʻAno - mai ke kala kala i ke kālena. (Steve Smith)
Hoʻomaʻa wale ʻia ka pua puaʻa puaʻa Mantis
Koho o ka ʻohana Hymenopodidae. (Frupus)
Habitat - Hema a meʻEulika ma ʻApika. (Frupus)
Hoʻomaʻa wale ʻia ka pua puaʻa puaʻa Mantis. (Frupus)
ʻO ka wehewehe ʻana o ka pua Mantis
ʻO ka pua pua ka pua elytra me kahi kāʻei o ke kala ʻoniʻoni ma waenakonu, a me nā ʻāpana o ke kala like no i ke kumu o nā ʻēheu.
ʻUlaʻula nā ʻao ʻao. ʻO ka pōpoki a me nā kiʻi a ʻulaʻula i hoʻopuehu ʻia i ke kino.
ʻO ka mahele ʻokoʻa o ka pua pule e noi ana iā ia e hoʻōki pono iā ia iho i nā ʻano lāʻau like ʻole, kahi mea e kali ai i kāna mau pōloli i ka wā e noho mau ana.
ʻO ka hānai a mālama i ka mantis pua i ka noho pio ʻana
Ke hoʻoiho nei ka hānai pua pua i ka pio, ma hope o ka waiho ʻana o ka wahine i ka edema, ua waiho ʻia ʻo ia (ooteca) i loko o kahi pahu liʻiliʻi me ka substrate. Pono ka huapalapala o ka ipu me kahi pā o ka niu a i ʻole ka mulu. Inā mālama ʻia ka haʻalulu kiʻekiʻe i loko o ka ipu, a lele ka mahana i waena o 25-28 degere Celsius, ma hope o kekahi manawa e hū ana ka palaka.
ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi inā e pale aku ke koʻi iā lākou iho i kahi pahu maʻamau. E hoʻonohonoho i ka nui o nā lālā lahilahi, a me nā kenimika o ka substrate, ma lalo. Pono kēia e mālama i ka haʻahaʻa ma ka pae i koi ʻia. Hoʻomaka nā honu nui e hānai i ʻelua mau lā ma hope o ka hika ʻana o nā hua.
Ma ke ʻano he hānai, nā pua o nā makahiki mua i hāʻawi ʻia i nā ʻēheu variegated. I ke kauwela, hānai lākou i nā pepeke, kahi hānai pinepine o ka poʻe lawaiʻa i kā lākou iho i nā nahele me ke kōkua ʻana o kahi upena. Ma hope o ka ulu ʻana o kēlā me nā hua liʻiliʻi a ʻekolu kenimika i ka lōʻihi, ʻokoʻa ʻia a kanu ʻia lākou i nā pahu ma nā ʻano like ʻole.
E like me ka wā pule a pau, ua kūmau ka cannibalism i ka pua.
ʻOi aku ka nui o nā ʻōpala pua pua i nā ʻai, nā ʻono, nā ʻūhini, nā ʻikala, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe o ka nui kūpono. I ka hana hope loa, ua ʻano like ʻia nā palā ma o ka wahine, e noho ana ma nā pahu ʻokoʻa. No ke kūʻai aku, kanu ʻia kekahi wahine a hoʻokahi kāne a ʻehā kāne i loko o kahi pahu.
Hoʻomaopopo ʻia he ʻano maʻamau ka cannibalism ma waena o nā pua pule pule, no laila e lawa mau ka ʻai i loko o kahi pā hale me nā pākeke a me nā ʻōpio.
Ke ʻano o ka noho ʻana a me nā ʻano
ʻO nā kānaka mantis nui ka hoʻoemi haʻahaʻa. Eia naʻe, he ʻano hiʻohiʻona kēia hiʻona wale nō ma nā ʻāpana ʻāpana o ka honua. I nā ʻāina Aferika a me Asia, hoʻomaka mau ka manthes i ka hua. ʻO ka pōʻino nui loa i ka lehulehu i lawe ʻia mai e ko lākou mau ʻenemi kūlohelohe, akā ma o ka hana kanaka. Hoʻopau ka poʻe i ka nohona kūlohelohe o nā mantis, e hōʻoki i ka nahele a me ka luku ʻana i nā māla. I kekahi manawa aia kahi kūlana e kipa ana kekahi ʻano o nā mantis mai kekahi mau ʻāina. Hoʻopili ʻia ʻo Genocide i kekahi manawa, e like me ka voracious a ke mantis.
No ka mea ka nui o nā inisitila thermophilic, ʻaʻole lākou e ʻānai maikaʻi i nā wahi anu. Hoʻololi hou ka hoʻonui ʻana o nā ʻōpū, no laila he mana hou o ka hōʻola i nā manawa he nui. E pau ana nā hanauna kahiko a make ke kū hou a ʻike ʻia nā mea hou. E mālama i ka lehulehu, hoʻāʻo ka poʻe e hōʻemi i nā pōʻino i hoʻoiho ʻia e nā hana kanaka i ke kaiapuni.
He pono a me ka hōʻino i nā kānaka
ʻOiai kūlike o ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa, ʻaʻole pale i nā kānaka pule. ^ E Ha yM. ʻOiai ʻo ka nui o nā lālā o ka ʻohana.
Pākuʻi Mantis
ʻO kaʻeha hōʻino paha e hiki i kahi mantis ke hana i kahi pākeke ke hōʻeha iā ia me nā puʻupuʻu. No kēia kumu Mai ae i nā keiki liʻiliʻi e pule i nā mantis. ^ E Ha yM. He mamao loa ka helehelena o nā pepeke.
Pono pono nā mea hoʻolaʻa no ka mahiʻai, ʻoiai lākou e ʻai ai i nā mea kīmiai he nui. Ma Africa, ua lawe ʻia mai nā mantika i nā hale kahi a lākou e ʻai ai i ka lele. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole lawa ka ʻoluʻolu pule ʻana - hiki iā lākou ke luku aku i nā mea make maikaʻi e like me ka pi.
Kūpono ʻo Mantis no ka mālama ʻana i nā kalima. Lawe ʻia lākou i nā hale kahi a lākou e mālama ai i ka mālama kūpono. ʻO nā kūlana ʻoluʻolu loa no ka mālama ʻana i nā mantis e like me kēia:
- ʻO 20 rezelario kūlia ka 20 degere Celsius.
- Nā hōʻailona hōkū o terrarium - ʻaʻole i emi iho ma lalo o 60%.
ʻAʻole pono nā lulu nā mea kanu, loaʻa lākou i nā mea āpau a lākou e pono ai mai ka meaʻai. I ka nahele, ʻōpiopio ka mea nui o nā mantis i nā mea ikaika a ʻoi aku ka nui, i kekahi manawa a kahi a pau i pau ai nā ʻano o nā mea i kekahi wahi.
No ka pule pule, pono ke mākaukau ʻia nā kūlana kūikawā paʻa. ʻO kahi hana hoihoi loa i ka ʻāpana o ke kanaka ka hoʻoholo ʻana i kahi holoholona kūlohelohe. ʻAʻole pono nā lākona i koho i nā kāʻei nui. ʻO ka mantis kahi wahi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi i ke ʻano o ka palaki a i ʻole kahi pahu pahu. E kapa ʻia ka uhi o ka terrace i ka mesh, a ʻo ka nui o kona mau mika e kūpono i ʻekolu o kēia mau mantis i ka liʻiliʻi. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi e hoʻohui i nā mea kanu a i nā mea kanu i loko o kahi terrarium. No laila e hiki i ka iniseti e piʻi iā lākou e like me nā kūlana kūlohelohe.
E like me ka mea i ʻōlelo mua ma mua, ʻo ka pule pule mantes e makemake i kahi lewa wai me nā ea mai 20 a 30 degrees Celsius. ʻAi lākou i nā mea hihiu ʻē aʻe. I ke kūʻai aku ʻana i nā hale kūʻai holoholona ʻike ʻoe i nā ʻaka like ʻole, popoki, e lilo i nā meaʻai ola no nā mantis. Pono maʻamau ka hānai, akā, ʻaʻole pono nā mantis inu.
E pule ana i ka meleagris Mantis Creobroter
Noho ʻo Mantis Creobroter meleagris i ke komohana hema o Asia: India, Vietnam, Cambodia a me kekahi mau ʻāina ʻē aʻe. Kuhi pinepine iā 5 cm i ka lōʻihi. Ke keʻokeʻo a me kaʻaila ke kala. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomaopopo iā lākou e nā ʻāpana lau o ka ʻulaʻula kukui, ka mea e hele ai ma ke kino a me ke poʻo. Loaʻa ma luna o nā ʻēheu kekahi wahi liʻiliʻi a ʻulaʻula a ʻulaʻula paha.
ʻO ka pule ʻĀpana pule iā Mantis
ʻO ia ke mau kamis Creobroter gemmatus aloha nui loa i nā māla ʻūpū o ke kūkulu hema o India, Vietnam a me nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe. He liʻiliʻi kēia ʻano, ʻo ka wahine e ulu a hiki i 40 mm, nā kāne a hiki i 38 mm. Ua ʻoi aku ke kino o ke kino ma mua o nā hoahānau ʻē aʻe. A no ka hoʻohui i nā pale, ma nā kuʻekuʻe o ka India mantis i loaʻa nā kīʻaha kūikawā o nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe. ʻAe ʻia i nā kala ʻāpana. ʻO nā ʻelele o kēia mau ʻano manu lele maikaʻi loa, ʻo nā kāne a me nā wahine, ma muli o ko lākou kaumaha koʻikoʻi, ʻoi aku hoʻi, ua kūkulu maikaʻi ʻia nā pālua ʻelua. ʻO ka mea mahalo, he wahi ia i nā ʻēheu mua, like me ka maka me ʻelua mau haumāna, kahi e hoʻowalewale ai i nā poʻe ʻōhua. E ola nā pua pua, e like me kā lākou inoa ma nā pua o nā mea kanu, kahi lākou e mālama ai i kā lākou ʻai.
Ka Hoʻomanaʻo ʻana o ka Floral Floral
ʻO ia ka mantis Pseudocreobotra wahlbergii e noho ana i nā ʻāina o ke kūkulu hema a me ʻAmelika kokoke. I ka nohoʻana, ka laulā, he like like me ke kuana pua a India. Akā ʻo kāna kala hoʻoili hoihoi ʻia - he kiʻi maoli, i nā ʻaoʻao o luna o nā ʻēheu aia kekahi ʻano hoihoi e like me ka pali a i ʻole ka nānā maka. Ma ka ʻōpū o kēia ʻano, aia kekahi mau spines i hāʻawi ʻia i kahi inoa like ʻole.
Heteroheta hikina
ʻO ka heteroheta ʻehā a i ʻole nā mantis eypi-eyed kekahi o nā mantis nui loa ma ka honua (ʻo ka wahine aia ka 15 cm ka lōʻihi) a noho i ka hapa nui o ʻApelika. Noho kēia mau mele i loko o nā lālā o nā lāʻau, ʻo ka pono o ko lākou helehelena ua like nō hoʻi me nā hua pua.
Kahaiʻiwa
He hana ʻokoʻa loa a he hana maoli ʻole ia e loaʻa nā pule pule a ka hale, ʻaʻole anei? Eia nō naʻe, aia kekahi poʻe e like me "ka poʻe holoholona" a a inā makemake ʻoe e hui pū me lākou, ʻo ka mea mua āu e mālama ai ʻo ka terrarium. ʻO kahi terrarium liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, aniani a pepa paha me ka uhi mesh ua kūpono, ʻo ia wale nō e liʻiliʻi i ʻekolu mau manawa ka nui o ka mantis ponoʻī. I loko, e maikaʻi ia e kau i nā hua a i ʻole nā mea kanu liʻiliʻi e piʻi ai nā kumis i nā lāʻau.
Pehea e hānai ai i nā mantis i ka home
Meaʻai ola. ʻO nā ʻokiʻī, nā nāhelehele, nā mākaʻi, lele nā lele. ʻAʻole manaʻo kekahi mau pua o ka mantis i ka ʻai ʻana i nā ʻōpala. A me kēia mau mea a pau e pono ai lākou e hānai mau ʻia, no laila ʻo ka mālama ʻana i "nā holoholona" hiki ke lilo i kahi hana pilikia. ʻAʻole pono ʻoe e inu i ka mantis, no ka mea e loaʻa iā lākou ka wai o ke kino e pono ai ka meaʻai.
Nā Manaʻo Mantis
- ʻO kekahi o nā hiʻohiʻona haole wushu Chinese i kapa ʻia ma hope o nā mantis, e like me ka mōʻī, ua haku ʻia kēia ʻano hana e kahi mākaʻi Kina e nānā pono ana i ka hopu ʻana i nā mantis.
- I ka Soviet Union i ka manawa hoʻokahi makemake lākou e hoʻohana i nā mantis ʻoihana e like me ka pale ʻana i nā mea kūlohelohe i nā mea kanu o ka mahiʻai. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ua haʻalele ʻia kēia hana, ʻoiai ua ʻai mau ka mantis i nā mea inikua maikaʻi, nā pua like ʻole.
- Mai ka wā kahiko, he pule pinepine nā kahe a me nā moʻolelo a me nā moʻolelo o ka poʻe Aferika a me ʻAsia, no ka laʻana, ma Kina, ua hōʻike lākou i ka ʻāʻī a me ka hoʻiono, a na ka poʻe Helene i ʻōlelo mua iā lākou i ka hiki ke wānana i ka hiki ʻana mai o ka pūnāwai.
ʻO ka pule iā Mantis - kahi pepeke mai kahi honua ʻē aʻe, wikiō
A ka hope, lawe mākou i kāu e nānā i kahi kiʻi ʻepekema kaulana kaulana e pili ana i ka pule pule.
Ke kākau nei i kahi moʻolelo, ua hoʻāʻo wau e hana ia e like me ka mea e makemake ai, hoʻohana ʻia a me ke ʻano kiʻekiʻe e like me ka mea hiki. Mahalo nui wau i nā pane a me ka hoʻopiʻi koʻikoʻi i ke ʻano o nā ʻōlelo ma ka ʻatikala. Hiki iā ʻoe ke kākau i kāu makemake / nīnau / nīnau i kaʻu leka uila [email protected] a i ʻole Facebook, me ka mahalo i ka mea kākau.
Loaʻa kēia ʻatikala i ka ʻōlelo Pelekane - Praying Mantis - kahi Aliʻi Alien.