Kahi Barbel a i ʻole lumberjack - kahi ʻohana ākea nui a pālahalaha. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona hiʻona o kēia ʻano he ʻanoʻano nui, i kekahi mau manawa ma mua o ke kino. Kāpili ʻia lākou ma ka helu ʻana: nā pepeke nā arthropod coleoptera barbel.

E ʻoluʻolu nui nā ʻili o nā mea hōʻuluʻulu ʻia o kēia mau pīpī no kā lākou like ʻana i ka nui o ke kino, ʻano elytra, nā ʻano ākea sculptural, tubercles a me nā puna i ka elytra, a me kahi pānaʻi like ʻole. ʻO ke kumukūʻai kolo paha kekahi ma kahi o $ 1,000.

A no kekahi, kahi hapa o nā kūlou lāʻau hana hiki ke hoʻopau i kahi ʻano nui o ka nahele i ka manawa pōkole, no laila e luku ai iā lākou nā ka nahele. No nā kumu aʻe, ʻoiai ke ʻano o ka nui o nā ʻano a me ka pālahalaha ākea e pili ana i ka honua, aia nā mea i hōʻike ʻia i loko o ka Red Book i loaʻa i ka ʻohana nā pepeke.

ʻO ka wehewehe a me nā hiʻohiʻona

Kahi hewa loa kēia mau pepeke i loko o lākou iho, hānai lākou i nā mea kanu, ʻo ka mea nui kekahi o nā kumulāʻau lāʻau. Akā hele pinepine lākou i ka menacing. ʻO ka hōʻailona ākea ka lōʻihi ka movable lōʻihi, ʻo ko lākou nui he 2, a i ʻole 5 mau manawa, eʻoi aku i ka lōʻihi o ke kino. Ma ka waihona o nā antennae he mau maka inikini. Haka - ke kō o ke ʻala a me ke pā.

ʻO ka maʻamau o kēia mau ʻōhumu ka elongated i ke ʻano o ke kino, ʻoiai, ma muli o ke ʻano iho, ʻoi aku ke ʻano ʻoi aku ka nui ma nā ʻaoʻao a ʻoi aku ka elongated. I ke kino o ke kino o nā pākeke, ʻekolu mau ʻāpana nui: hiki i ke poʻo: ke poʻo, ka umauma a me ka ʻōpū. Loaʻa nā wāwae i 5 mau māhele - ka pelvis, trochanter, ʻūhā, haʻahaʻa wāwae a me nā wāwae.

Loaʻa iā lākou ʻelua mau wāwae wāwae, hard chitin elytra, a ʻoi aku ka nui o nā ʻōpala nui. ʻŪlū ka ʻōpū, i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i nā māhele, i pinepine pinepine ʻia ma ka ʻelima. Ua puni ko lākou poʻo, ua hoʻopili paʻa ʻia i ka prothorax.

ʻOkoʻa nā ʻokoʻa o nā wahine i kahi ʻukuhihi lōʻihi, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā ʻōpū o nā kāne, ʻoi aku ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū, a ʻo nā ʻāpana ia i ʻāpana ʻia i kahi ʻano ʻokoʻa. Hoʻohui ʻia aʻe ko lākou kino kino a ʻoi aku ka mālamalama. Kuhi ʻia kēia mau pīpī me nā mea e like me ka dimorphism moe wahine. ʻO kēia ka hiʻohiʻona o nā wahine a me nā kāne, like me nā ʻano like ʻole.

Nui nā ʻōleʻa ʻōlima e hoʻopiʻi i nā kani, ʻeha a i ʻole honu paha. Hana ʻia kēia ma muli o ke kāʻili ʻana o ka iwi o ka prothorax e kūʻē i ka ʻili o ka mesothorax, a i ʻole ke kaʻe o nā wāwae o ka wāwae hind i ka elytra. Hana lākou i kēlā mau kani ke hoʻoweliweli ʻia e nā ʻenemi kaua. Hoʻohālikelike pinepine iā lākou.

ʻOkoʻa ʻokoʻa ka waihoʻoluʻu. Aia ia me ka kala o nā ʻēheʻe chitin a me nā lauoho ma luna o ke kino. ʻOliʻoli nā kala me kona ʻano. Mālamalama kukui - ʻoniʻoni ʻono, lettuce, lemon, ʻulaʻula.

Pāʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele - ʻulaʻula, poni, ʻeleʻele. Hoʻohui pinepine ʻia nā manamana pūlū - nā kīwaha, nā wahi a me nā ʻano hana ʻē aʻe, i kekahi manawa ua paʻakikī a ornate. Hoʻokumu nā ʻanoʻokoʻa o nā pōpoki holoʻokoʻa i ka home a me nā ʻano ʻano.

Hōʻike maoli nā hoʻohālikelike koʻikoʻi e pili ana i 26,000 mau ʻano o kēia mau mea, akā hoʻololi pinepine kēia mau ʻikepili. Ma kahi kokoke i kēlā me kēia makahiki loaʻa nā ʻano hou mai nā wahi like ʻole, ʻoi loa mai nā ʻōpala a me nā wahi i kokoke i ka eku o ka mea. Eia nō naʻe, i ka moʻomeheu ʻEulopa, nā ʻāina exotic Asia a me ʻAmelika holomua, ʻike ʻia kekahi mau mea hou.

Ma Lūkia, he 583 mau ʻano. ʻOiai ʻo ka ʻokoʻa a me ka nui, ua aʻo ʻia nā mea ʻuʻuku nei e nā ʻepekema. ʻO ka hapa nui o lākou he ʻokoʻa no ka mau ʻia. Akā, aia nā Repaks i waena o lākou. No ka laʻana, he lumberjack-titan e noho ana ma ʻAmelika Hema a hiki i 1922 cm ka lōʻihi.

Aia kekahi ʻano nui ʻē aʻe ma ʻAmelika Hema - ka līnike ʻo Brazil, ka niho nui, nona ka nui o 17-18 cm. ʻO ka pīpī barbel mai Fiti ke kolu o ka nui o nā pīpī nui i ʻike ʻia i kēia manawa. ʻO kona laulā e hiki i 15 cm.

Lumberjack

ʻO ka pīpī nui ʻEulopa nui i kēia manawa he mea ʻoi ʻo ka mea mahele, he 6 cm paha kona lōʻihi ma Rūsia, aia kekahi ʻelima nui o kēia ʻano - ka Ussuri relic barbel. Ua ulu ʻo ia i 11 cm.

Relbar barbel

He 11 subfamilies e pili ana i ka barbel. E kamaʻilio e pili ana i kekahi o lākou. ʻO kā lākou inoa: pono barbel, lamina, barbel, prondrina, prionina barbel, spondylidin. ʻO ka lamines ka nui o nā ʻano he 13,000 o nā pīpī; No ka laʻana, loaʻa kekahi hewa i ke kīleʻele o ke kāleʻele a me ka ʻulaʻula i ke kala ma ko lākou mau ʻēheu.

ʻO ka Prionins ka nui o nā ʻano 1000. ʻO kēia kekahi o nā huluhua mua loa. ʻIke ʻia ia ma nā wahi a pau o ka honua, koe wale nō no nā ʻāpana polū maloʻo. ʻOkoʻa loa ka nui, mai ka 2 mm a 178 mm, akā ʻo ka hapa nui, he mau ʻupu nui, a hiki i 22 cm.

Ke pena ʻia i nā kala ʻula, ʻeleʻele, nāele. He mea ponoi keia pili ana na kanaka 'aʻai i: a laila ʻo ka lumberjack-titan, ka hale paʻakai o Brazil, ʻo ka mea nui e haki ana, a me ka limejack Ussuri.

ʻO nā Parandrins helu 50 mau mea ola, e noho ana i nā tropic a me subtropics. Atypical no ka ʻohana, e like me ko lākou pūliki pōkole pōkole, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā mea i ʻike ʻia. ʻO ka kala kala ʻeleʻele a ʻeleʻele paha ka kala o nā ʻēheʻe paʻakikī.

ʻO nā ʻ ʻōleʻa a i ʻole nā ​​lepturins he ʻohana o 100 genera a me 2500 mau ʻano. ʻO nā pīpī liʻiliʻi, nā peʻa i poni ʻia me nā kaula keʻokeʻo-ʻeleʻele.

Hoʻokomo ʻia nā Spondylidins ma mua o 100 mau ʻano. ʻO kēia mau pō a me nā ʻelima pōkole. ʻAʻole lōʻihi loa ka nui o kā lākou manamana, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ko lākou ʻili. ʻO ke kala o ka ʻeleʻele a ʻeleʻele paha a ʻeleʻele paha ke kala o nā ʻēheu.

Me kēia mau makaʻu barbel i ke kiʻi ua like ke kiʻi mai nā frescoes ʻōpiopio. He nani maikaʻi loa ia, i ka waenakonu o ke kino aia kekahi manawa, he mau ʻēheu me kahi hante sheen hanohano, a heʻu like me ke keleawe keleawe. Ua hoʻokaʻawale ka ʻami ʻia, nani nā wāwae. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona wale nō no ke kapa o nā pale.

Loaʻa ʻana o nā pīpī bale

ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona hiʻona o ka ʻohana ka mea ʻalaʻumi lōʻihi i hōʻike ʻia a me nā ʻalā o nā pihi, ma kekahi mau hanana nui loa i ka lōʻihi o ke kino.

Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ke kalepa, ma lalo o ka paʻakikī elytra ʻāʻī, liʻiliʻi iki, akā hūnā ʻia nā ʻēheu koʻikoʻi.

ʻO nā Beetles lākou iho he nani a nani. ʻO nā hōʻiliʻili o nā ʻelele nui a kaulana loa o kēia mau pīpī e koi no kēlā me kēia etymologist novice. E hōʻiliʻili pinepine ʻia ka hōʻiliʻili i ka pīpī nui - titanium, alpine barbel, Ussuri nui a me ka steppe black barbel. ʻO kahi ono o ka pīhoihoi barbel ʻenepono mau loa, i ʻike pinepine ʻia ma nā wahi ʻo Rostov a me Stavropol, i lilo loa i mau manaʻo. Ke makemake nei kēia mau kui huki i kahi nohona nocturnal a, ʻaʻole like me nā inisike ʻē aʻe, makemake i ka lumi. ʻO ia, ʻo ke ala o ka pīhoihoi barbel ma loko o kou keʻena e moe ʻole ma ka paia, akā pololei i ka waena, ʻaʻole i hoʻohilahila ʻia e nā wahi māmā. No kahi mea ʻaʻole i mākaukau nui, kahi hālāwai me ka pīpī nui, ʻike maopopo iā ia iho ka mea nona ka lumi, hiki ke hoʻomaka i ka hālāwai.

ʻO ke ʻano hanana

ʻAʻole pili ka pōpoki makua i nā kānaka. ʻOiai ke kau ʻana i ka hopohopo weliweli, ʻike ʻia ka pīpī e ka ʻoluʻolu a me ka hoʻohālikelike, nā kuhi me ka leʻaleʻa, ʻaʻole i peʻe a ʻaʻole holo, ʻaʻole makaʻu no ka noho ʻana ma ka pā o kona lima, ʻaʻole e hana i ka mea e hoʻopiʻi a hōʻeha paha i kekahi kanaka. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā males ma mua o nā wahine, loaʻa kahi ngala lōʻihi a me kahi kino elongated. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā wahine i ko lākou ʻona a me nā ʻōpala ʻaʻole lōʻihi lōʻihi - ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi ma mua o nā kāne o nā ʻano like ʻole.

ʻO ke kāwāwa kahi organile tactile koʻikoʻi. ʻIke lākou i ka pīpī a puni lākou, hopu iā nā loli i ka mahana a me ka haʻahaʻa. Inā makaʻu ke pālepono, piʻo ia i kona manamana e kūlike me kona pūlou ke hoʻomau i ka ʻike. I ke kūlana maʻamau, ua hiʻi ʻia ka pulupulu a kū i mua a kōkua i ka pīpī e hoʻokele i ka lewa.

He aha nā mea eʻai ai ka barbel?

ʻO ka meaʻai o nā loea ʻōpio ka manuʻai i nā mea kanu, nā pua, nā hae, a me nā ʻalopihi o nā mea kanu liʻiliʻi. ʻO nā pīpī soane ka ʻōpekema olakino, nā mea make ʻole a maikaʻi loa.

ʻO nā popo ka pua worities o ka pīhoihoi barbel. He ola ola ka larva no 1-2 mau makahiki, akā ma lalo o kekahi mau kūlana ke hiki i ka ululaau i mau makahiki he ʻumi, a i kekahi mau manawa a hiki i 50 mau makahiki. No kekahi mau mahina, hiki ke hoʻopau ʻia kahi kolone o ka barbel larvae i hoʻopau i kahi hale noho hale lāʻau me nā loina a me nā ukana, ʻaʻole kūpono ke ola. Ma kahi kaulike, ʻike mākou ʻaʻole eʻai nā pōpoki loloa i ka lāʻau. Hiki i kekahi mau māla ke hānai i ka ʻāina a me ka humus, nā mea kanu kanu, nā aʻa.

Hiki ke lele nā ​​ʻano nui o nā ʻiole barbel. ʻAʻole mau, ʻaʻole wale i ka wā o ka male. ʻO ka lele ke hoʻonui i ka wahi, kahi hiki i ka crossbreeding interspecific i nā maʻamau ma waena o ka barbel. ʻAʻole pinepine loa ka huakaʻi lele mai nā mile he umi a kau i kekahi mau mile.

No ke aha e kani ai nā ʻōlohelohe nui

Hiki ke ʻike ʻia kahi mea hoihoi hou aʻe o ka barbel i ke ʻano o ka hana ʻana i loko o ka ʻili, loaʻa i ka puʻu ʻana me nā wāwae hind ma ka elytra paʻakikī a me ka iwi ma ka ʻōpū. Nui nā leo, a ʻano ikaika e hoʻololi i ka hale lāʻau i kahi kahua no Silent Hill a i ʻole kekahi kiʻi kiʻi weliweli maʻamau no kahi mea noho. Manaʻo nā poʻe kamaʻāina ʻo ia ka ʻimi momona o kahi hale he ʻano ʻohu o ka noho maluhia ma ka wao nahele.

Hāpai ke kani leo nui i kahi ukana hana - hoʻoweliweli lākou i nā rodents a me nā mea liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, a i ka wā o ka moena, ke kīwī nui ʻo ia i nā pū e loaʻa ai nā hoa pili kūpono.

Palapala ola kai Barbel

ʻO ke ola ka nui o nā ʻano he ʻumi o ka barbel ka 1-2 mau makahiki. Ua waiho i ka pītī wahine ʻo ia i mau haneli, a hiki i 400 huaʻai i kahi kūpono - kahi papala hoʻoluʻu palupalu, ma ka pā maloʻo, ma hope o ka hana ʻana i kahi lua ma waena o nā papa a i ʻole ka hapa o ka lāʻau a me ka papa paha. Hiki i ka wahine ke waiho i nā hua manu a i loko o kahi ʻāpana ʻili, i ka manaolana e hiki mai ana ka pelua e mālama pono iā ia iho e ka ʻāʻī ʻana i ka lāʻau lāʻau. Hoʻokomo kekahi mau hua manu i ka ʻōpala i hoʻokahi manawa, ke ʻāʻī i ka kahele ʻokoʻa no kēlā me kēia hua.

barbel larva

ʻO ke kūlana koʻikoʻi no ka hoʻomōhala pono ʻana o ka hua līlī ka wela a me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa. ʻO ka larva he ʻāʻī keʻokeʻo ʻole o nā wāwae, akā me nā wana a paʻa i nā ʻaoʻao o ke kino a me ke poʻo ʻeleʻele i paʻa i nā ʻāʻī ikaika e hiki ai ke kipa aku i kahi lāʻau. ʻO nā ʻano like ʻole o nā pīpī longhorn makemake i ka lāʻau o nā ʻano like ʻole, akā ma ka laulā, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā pīpī ua hiki ke hānai i nā lāʻau āpau. ʻO ka mea paʻa he nui aʻi, hiki ke hoʻopili koke kekahi i nā pōʻino nui.

Me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke anuanu, hele ka larva i ka hohonu o nā kumulāʻau lāʻau a manaʻo i nā kūlana maikaʻi ʻole. Me ka mahanahana a me ka hoʻi ʻana o ka umu piha, hoʻi ka larva i ka papa o waho o ka lāʻau, haumāna, me ka palekana, hala i ka wā pākeke, nā puʻuʻu i ka ʻaoʻao a ʻike ʻia kekahi ʻōleʻomaʻo makua hou.

barbel larva

Ua kiʻekiʻe loa ka kūlana kūpono loa o ke kauā. Manaʻo nā ʻepekema i kēia mau pīpī me nā makahiki like o ka dinosaurs, ua lanakila maikaʻi ʻia i loko o ko lākou ʻike āpau a hiki i kēia lā. I lalo o nā kūlana pōʻino, ʻike ʻia nā lolo i loko o ka lāʻau a hiki ke noho maikaʻi i nā makahiki he mau makahiki. Inā lawa ka kīnā, loaʻa nā pīkī liʻiliʻi mai nā lālani undernourished ma hope o ka pupule.

aʻa ʻaʻahaʻa

Ma hope o ka hānau ʻana, ke noho nei kekahi pīpī makua ma kekahi mau mahina, a hiki i ka hapalua o ke kauwela. I ka manawa o kēia manawa, hoʻokele nā ​​puhipuhi i ke holo ʻana, e ʻike i nā hoahana kūpono, e hoʻonohonoho i ka masonry.

ʻO ka barbel loa ma ka honua

Noho ka nui o nā ʻikepili nui i ka ʻūlū ma ʻAmelika Hema. ʻO ka pīpī titanium i ka lōʻihi o 17 cm, ʻaʻole e waiho i ka lōʻihi o ka pua. ʻO ka ʻōlule nui a i ʻole a nā pua stag paha e ʻoi aku ma mua o 18 cm.ʻO ka barbar ākea o Rūsia, ʻo ka relic Ussuri, 11 cm wale nō, akā hoʻohālike hoʻi kēia.

relic barbel

Hiki i ke kinona o nā pīpī ke waiho wale i kekahi, e pili ana i ka noho. Ma muli o ko lākou nui, ʻaʻole hopohopo nā mākua nui e lilo i meaʻai nā manu. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā Beetles i nā mea e hōʻemi ai me kahi puʻe koʻikoʻi.

ʻO ka hana a barbel ma ka hihiu

I loko o ka ecosystem, he nui ka kuleana o ka prolific a me ka hana lima. ʻO nā ʻōpio a me nā pākeke ka meaʻai maikaʻi loa na nā manu a me nā momi liʻiliʻi.

Hoʻokomo ʻia nā ʻōleola a me nā gluttonous i ke kaʻina o ka hoʻoiho ʻana i nā lāʻau kahiko a maʻi, ka wīwī. ʻAʻole lapuwale ʻo ka pīpī i kapa ʻia he lumberjack. Ke ʻimi nei nā ʻepekema i ka pilina ma waena o ke ola o nā pīpī lumberjack a me ka hoʻolaha o mycelia - mycelium i loko o nā kumu a me nā lāʻau hāʻule. ʻO ka ʻano nui o ka pilikia e like me ka mea - ʻaʻole i lawa ka lāʻau wale nō e hānai i ka palua a me ka make maʻamau. ʻO nā momona momona a Protein i lilo i kōkua maikaʻi i ka mālamaʻana i nā huaʻoki ʻo beetle. Akā ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ua maʻalahi ka maʻalahi o ka mycelium e komo i loko o ka lāʻau i hoʻokaʻawale a hoʻoneʻe aku, i hōʻike ʻia i ka ʻōpala. ʻO kahi hōʻailona simbiosis o nā fungi a me ka larvae ke kumuhana o nā noiʻi he nui i ke kahua o ka pālahalaha.

Me ke kōkua ʻana o nā nā pepē, huli koke nā ʻōpala kahiko i kahi substrate mea kanu ulu i nā mea kanu a me nā mea kanu ulu. He kuleana koʻikoʻi nā pīpī a me nā pākeke i ke koho ʻana i nā mea kanu, ʻoiai e ʻai ana i ka pollen.

ʻO ka ʻepepelepili weliweli

He pōkole haleʻeleʻele aʻeleʻele paha kēia i koho i nā hale lāʻau noho hale noho ma kahi nui. ʻO ka pīpī iho he nui loa, a he kino kona a 8 cm a hiki i 20 cm, inā e helu ʻoe me ka pua. Kahi liʻiliʻi ka nui o nā ʻōlima, ma kahi o 3 cm lōʻihi a he 3-5 mm paha ke anawaena. Noho ka pīpī ma nā puka makani, nā mea kuʻekuʻe, nā mahele, nā lako hale.

hoʻopōʻino i nā pōʻino barbel brownie

Hoʻokumu ʻia ka ʻōlule ʻōlule hale ʻōniʻoniʻo ma ka coniferous mau ʻia, ʻoi aku ka puna, ka pine a me ka lāʻau larch, no ka laʻana, i nā ʻōpala, nā pou, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. Ikaika hana ʻino lāʻau ma nā hale a me nā hale i nānā pono ʻia i nā wahi me ka ea haʻahaʻa kiʻekiʻe (no ka laʻana, nā ʻāina kahakai, nā kahakai ʻoihana) ʻoiai inā kiʻekiʻe loa ke ea.

piʻo barbel

Hoʻomaka nā pepeke i waena o Iune a mau a hiki i ʻAukake, e tupu ana i nā lā wela, ʻoi loa ia mau a ahiahi a me ke ahiahi. Holoi i kahi mamao pōkole. Noho wale ka wahine ma kahi o 25 mau lā, a waiho wale ia i nā hua he 12 mau lā, ma hope o ka moʻo ʻana. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka hua ʻākala e ka ikaika o ka māmā, ka ʻā o ka terpenes a me ka huhū o ka substrate ka hoʻopā ʻia. Hoʻokomo ka wahine i nā testicle i loko o nā pahu lāʻau i ka hohonu o 20-30 mm. I nā manawa 2-8, hiki i ka wahine ke waiho i kahi awelika o 200, ma ka hapa he 420 mau hua, e puka mai ana nā ʻōkuhi ma 1-3 mau hebedoma. Hoʻomaka a hoʻomaka lākou e hakakā i nā koina, nā ʻāpana ma ka ʻaoʻao, e hele wale ana ma nā ʻāpana o ka pūnāwai, a ua hoʻopili ʻia me ka palaoa kākela a me ka ʻāwī. Ke neʻe pinepine nei nā neʻe i 12 mm ka lōʻihi. Ke kūleʻa ana ka ʻili o ka lāʻau i loko o ia mea, e like me ka pepa. Hoʻololi maikaʻi pinepine ʻia ka sapwood, ʻoiai ke kīleʻamaʻa ka mea nui. Hoʻomāna ʻo nā ʻōpio makua i kahi lua lele no nā pīpī e hiki mai ana, a laila e hoʻonui i ke papa a hoʻonohonoho i kahi hāhi manamana, i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me nā kāʻei ma ka lima hoʻokahi a kāohi ʻia me ka palaoa drill ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe. Loaʻa ka larva i ka papa mua o ka haumāna, kahi mea e hala ana i 1-2 mau pule. Ka papa haumāna makahiki he 2-4 mau hebedoma. Ke ikaika nui ʻia ke kino o kahi nōpō ʻōpiopio, waiho ana ia i ka lāʻau ma loko o ka lua oval. Loaʻa ka hoʻolālā āpau i 2-10 mau makahiki, ka pinepine pinepine 3-6 mau makahiki a kau ʻia ma ke ʻano o ka meaʻai, ka mahana a me ka haʻahaʻa o ka lāʻau.

Kāleʻele Lūkahēleʻele kahele i ʻEulopa, Siberia, ka Caucasus, Transcaucasia, Iran, Iraq, Syria, Asia Minor a me Kina. Ua loaa ia ma ke kukulu hema ma Aferika Akau; ua laweia mai nei hoi ma Aferika Hema a me Amerika Akau. ʻO ka ʻōlapa hale kaila ʻeleʻele he pōpilikia koʻikoʻi o ka lāʻau i nā hale a me nā kūkulu hale.

Ka pōʻino i hoʻopilikia ʻia e nā pahi kīnē

Hoʻokomo wale nā ​​pōʻino i ka luku ikaika o ka waiwai lāʻau a me nā hale. Eia naʻe, hiki ke hōʻino i nā hale, nā kālena a me nā mea pono ʻole. ʻO ka pīhoihoi barbel ka hoʻololi maikaʻi ʻana i ka lāʻau kiʻekiʻe ma ka lepo.Hiki i nā pā a me nā papa e hiki ke lilo i hoʻoweliweli i ka ola ma muli o ka hiki ke hāʻule.

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Pehea e hoʻomaopopo ai ua nānā ʻia ka kolohe me nā larvae

Inā ʻike ʻia nā piliona liʻiliʻi o ka lepo lāʻau ma luna a i ʻole kokoke i kahi paia lāʻau, he hōʻailona maopopo loa ia o ka hele ʻana mai i kahi lāʻau lāʻau. ʻAʻole e kali i nā hōʻailona hou, e like me ka lulu o ka hale. Hana i ka hana. ʻO ka mea maikaʻi loa, aia nā larva i nā kāleka maikaʻi a pau - ua palekana, ua nui ka ʻai, inā makemake ʻole ia i nā kūlana, hiki iā ia ke hele hohonu a hoʻolōʻihi i nā makahiki he ʻumi. ʻO nā lāʻau lāʻau e komo i kahi hohonu hohonu o ka lāʻau i loaʻa ʻole. Ma muli o kēia, e hoʻomau ka pilikia o ka maʻi.

ka palaoa wili

ʻAno loa, nui nā mea hana lāʻau e hoʻomana lāʻau nei - ʻaukā, mahogany, lehu, walnut. ʻO nā mea hale a me nā panana o loko, nā alahele, he uku nui loa. E hoʻomaopopo e mālama pono ʻia ka lāʻau koʻikoʻi e kekahi mea kikoʻī. ʻO kā ka lāʻau ʻāʻī mau leo ​​i kū nui ai i ka hopena. ʻO kahi kani kani leo i ke ʻano o ka pau ʻana o nā paukū i ʻai ʻia e ka larvae o ka makia. Ua aʻo kekahi o nā mea hana hale kula ʻaʻole wale nō e hoʻopakele i nā mea i ʻai ʻia e ka pōpoki, akā, e hāʻawi nō hoʻi i nā nani kūikawā e hoʻihoʻi ʻia i nā lau i hoʻihoʻi ʻia me nā kumu synthetic. ʻO kēlā leʻaleʻa he mea kūpono ke kālā nui a hiki no nā antiques, akā he mea kupanaha ka hopena.

ʻO kahi lāʻau hoʻoluʻu palaleka - spruce, pine, birch, ʻeha nui aku i ka bug. ʻO ka ʻike ʻana i ka hele ʻana o kahi pū e kahi kani paʻakikī. Kaki i ka lāʻau ʻaʻole me kou mau puʻupuʻu, akā me ke kua o ka hamare. Inā hāwili ke kua a lahilele ke kani ʻana, lapuwale ka hihia. Hiki ke kāhi ʻia i ka lāʻau lāʻau ke kūleʻa a me ke kekeki maikaʻi. ʻO nā ʻōpala i hoʻopili ʻia, pono e hoʻokaʻawale koke ʻia a hoʻololi ʻia e ke kaʻina mua mai ke koʻi o ka huehue barbel.

Hiki aia ke hōʻea i nā hua pā o barbel

ʻAno piha a hōʻoia ʻia e kaʻae i ke anuanu ka paʻakikī, aneane hiki ʻole. Akā e make i ka makeva larva maoli. Hoʻolaha ʻia ka hoʻoili ʻana ma nā ʻoi kino maikaʻi loa. ʻO ke kumu o nā meaʻawaʻawa i ka waikawa. Eia nō, hoʻonāukiuki ma ka mākeke Lūkini XILIX GEL e hāʻawi iā ʻoe e hāʻawi i kahi hōʻoia i nā mea i hoʻopaʻa ʻia no nā makahiki 10.

E heluhelu hou e pili ana i ke kaʻina hana fine ma ka phosphine ma aneʻi.

Ke kū ʻole ʻia i loko o ka hale i ka wā o ka hoʻoili ʻana me ka pale ʻana i ka pania. Ma hope o kekahi mau hola, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻokaʻawale i nā kahua a hana i ka mālama ʻana i ka paia o waho. ʻO nā mea kanu mea huehue e pili ana i ka Phropine e huki nui a wikiwiki hoʻi i ka anuanu.

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ʻO ka pale a me ka pale

Ke kūkulu ʻana i kahi hale lāʻau, ka ʻauʻau, ka hoʻopiha ʻana i nā hāmeʻa, nā paia, nā pūpū, nā papa lāʻau lāʻau, e hōʻoia i ka maikaʻi o nā mea lāʻau. ʻAʻole pono iā lākou ke loaʻa i nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi me ka lālō lāʻau. ʻO nā ʻili a pau, bast, pono e ʻokiʻoki pono ʻia, me ka ʻūmi ʻole liʻiliʻi. He ʻano hale noho maikaʻi loa ka nui o ka cortex a me ka bast. ʻO kekahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o ka ʻili i waiho ʻia ma muli o ka mālama ʻole ʻana e hiki ke lilo i ka maʻi o ka hale holoʻokoʻa. Kuhi i ka ʻili i hala, mai haʻalele no ka hoʻoilo.

hoʻopāloʻewa i kahi ʻikepili

E mālama i ka hoʻoili ʻana o ka lāʻau

Nā huaʻai o ka papa a me nā lāʻau, ka manawa o nā nicks, nā palaki ʻia, pala - nā wahi kūpono no ka waiho ʻana i nā pīpī. ʻO nā mea i waena o ka lāʻau, ka lāʻau, ka pahu o nā mea kūlohelohe - he kono kono i ka poʻe kālai lāʻau i ka hale. E hoʻohana i ka huluhulu mineral, impregnation pepeke, e pani i nā poho a pau a hiki i ka holo maikaʻi. Pono ka hana i ka lāʻau me ka impregnation kūikawā, a laila hoʻohui ʻia me ka varnish a me ka varnish a i ʻole nā ​​kīwaha wai me ka hopena o ka plasticization.

Ke hoʻohana nei i nā wīwī a me kaila maloʻo, pono ke hoʻopili ʻia ka waho o ka lāʻau i kēlā me kēia makahiki. A i ʻole, e luku koke loa nā mea hihiu i ka hale. I loko o ke anuanu me ke anuanu lōʻihi, ʻaʻole kiʻekiʻe nā hana o nā pīkoki lāʻau. Hiki i nā hale ke kū i nā haneli mau makahiki a mālama i ka ikaika. I loko o nā haʻalulu a me nā mahana wela, e waiho ana ke kaohi o nā pīpī i kahi pōʻino a hemo koke loa ka luku ʻana i nā hale lāʻau i mālama ʻole ʻia.

Hoʻoikaika & Habitat

Noho ke ʻili ʻo Barbel a puni ka honua kahi i loaʻa ai nā ululāʻau. ʻO kā lākou māhele e hilinaʻi nei i ka loaʻa o ka meaʻai - nā kumu lāʻau nui. ʻO nā mea i koe o ka Arctic a me Antarctic, ka mea maʻamau no ka nele o ka lako meaʻai.

I ke ala o ke ola, he ākea lākou. Puhi lākou, wikiwiki wikiwiki loa. Hiki iā lākou ke lele. Inā ʻoe e ʻohi i kahi pīpī, e hoʻoiho ana i kahi kamaʻilio ʻano. Kau ka mea ola i ke ʻano a me ke kūlana.

Ma nā wahi hema, aia kēia mau inikua "ua lilo ʻē i" winged "mai ka waena o ka puna. Hoʻomaka ka poʻe pīpī ma waena o ʻAmelika Huipū i ka lele e kokoke ai i ka lulu Hoʻohana kekahi kekahi i ka lā, e hānai nui lākou i nā pua i hamama i ke ao. ʻOi kekahi mau mea ikaika i ka pō. ʻAʻole huna kā lākou ʻai i ka pōʻeleʻele.

Loaʻa ka pō a me ka lā pōkole i nā wahi paʻakikī i ka hoʻomaha no ka hoʻomaha a i ʻole ka hele ʻana. Wahi a ka nui, ua hoʻoholo ʻia hoʻi ka huakaʻi lele. ʻOi ka nui o ka popo, liʻiliʻi ka lele ʻana, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pipi. Ke alakaʻi nei lākou i kahi kūlana pilikino. ʻO ka ʻike ʻana i ka pīpī ʻōpio ma ka nahele he makana maoli no kahi entomologist a me kahi hōʻailona e hoʻowalewale i ka mea hoʻokauwī.

Mea ʻai

I kēlā He aha nā mea e ʻai ai ka barbel?, paʻa i ka wahi noho. Hoʻomoe ʻia nā pīpī pākeke me nā pōpoki a me nā ʻōpala o nā pua, nā ʻōpio ʻōpio a me nā lau o nā kumu lāʻau a me nā kumulāʻau. ʻO nā ʻoki o nā mea make a i ʻole nā ​​mea ola, petioles, ʻehā o nā mea kanu, pulp o cacti a i ʻole nā ​​mea kanu ʻē aʻe - eia kēia ka ʻai a ka pīpī barbel.

ʻO ia, aneane like ʻole o ka pīhoʻoki maʻi. A eia nō piliahi ʻaole barbel - He mea maikaʻi kēia i nā lāʻau, nā hale lāʻau a me nā mea i hana ʻia i ka lāʻau lāʻau. Hoʻokumu lākou i nā kumulāʻau a hānai i nā lāʻau, hoʻopilikia nui i nā ululāʻau ma ka honua.

Ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā hua manu he nui i nā subspecies ma muli o ke koho ʻana i nā ʻano lāʻau lāʻau, i koho ʻia no ka hānai ʻana i kā lākou pili. O kahi laʻana, pua ʻaka Hoʻohana ka barbel i ka lāʻau ʻāʻā, ʻoak.

Hiki iā ia ke noho i kahi oak, a me nā wahi e hoʻopōʻino ai i ka lāʻau. He ʻōleʻa ka nui o kēia pīpī, mai 3 a 6 cm paha, ʻeleʻele me ka paona brown, a hāmama ʻia hoʻi e like me ka résin. Eʻulaʻula a me ka ʻulaʻula a Elytra. Hoʻopili ia i kahi oak, ua koho ʻo ia i beech, hornbeam, elm, walnut no nā larvae e hiki mai ana.

ʻIli pōpō ʻeleʻele, a i ʻole i nā mea aloha e koho i nā conifers. Ua kapa ʻia kēlā mau moku moku. Ua luku loa kona makeva i ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā hoʻolālā moku, inā ua kūkulu ʻia mai ka pine ākea. ʻO ia ʻo ia e ʻai i ka pua pua, nā pono a me nā lau.

ʻO nā pīpī e makemake i nā lāʻau coniferous no ko lākou masonry - larch, spruce, pine, hoʻohui i ka pīpī laupili, me ka ʻulaʻula.

Lākila pīpī barbel ʻai ʻo ia i ka nāhelehele o nā lāʻau ʻōpala, nā palupalu palupalu palupalu. Akā pili kāna pili i nā lāʻau a aneane ma kahi pae moku ʻoihana. Ke hoʻomau nei lākou i ka luku ʻana i ka lāʻau, ʻokiʻoki a ʻoki ʻia no ka ʻai. A makemake nō hoʻi lākou e noho kokoke i nā kānaka, e ʻānai ana i nā hale.

ʻO ka pilina a me ka lōʻihi

ʻO ke kaʻina hana a ka nui o ka hoʻoponopono, e hana ana i kahi wahi mālie a maluhia, kahi kiʻekiʻe aʻe. Aia ma luna o ka lāʻau, ma luna o ka hale. I nā wahine, hoʻokuʻu kahi houpili kūikawā (kahi huna) e huki i kahi hoa. ʻEkahi mau minuke 30. ʻO ka wahine e loaʻa ana ka manaʻo, e waiho ana ma lalo o ka pale a me ka mālama o ke kāne, ka mea e hele pū me ia a hiki mai ke ʻano o nā hua manu.

I ka pau ʻana o ka wā e moe ai, ua make ke kāne, a ola ke wahine iā ia e waiho i hua. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka pīpī wahine a hiki i nā hua he 100 ma loko o nā pākaukau o nā lāʻau a me nā kikoʻi lāʻau. ʻO ia ke koho i ka masonry ma ka ʻoni. Ke loaʻa ʻana o ka ua, ʻaʻole e hopohopo hou ka inika no ka hua.

Pihi mai nā huaʻi mai nā hua mai, a laila lilo ka pupae, a ma hope wale nō o kekahi mau makahiki ua ʻai lākou i nā kaʻe i loko o ka lāʻau a holo. ʻO ka palaka lākou iho, e ulu ana, kokoke i ka lōʻihi o ka pīpī pākeke. ʻO ka hana holoʻokoʻa holoʻokoʻa he mau mahele he nui: hua manu, larva, pupa, a me imago.

ʻO kekahi manawa ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i nā pīpī longhorn e hoʻomākaukau i kahi no ka hānai a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā ʻōpio o kahi e hiki mai ana. Ua koho lākou i nā lāʻau liʻiliʻi, ʻai i ka ʻili a puni ka perimeter i ke ʻano o ke apo, kokoke i ke aʻa. ʻO ka hopena, hoʻomaka ka lāʻau i ka make lohi. A lohi i nā hua lohi e hoʻopau i ka kaʻina hoʻokaumaha.

Hoʻopau lākou i ka leo nui loa, e puhoi ana i ka lāʻau. ʻO kekahi manawa ma kahi ulu lāʻau maloʻo hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻolohe i kēia kani kani. Ua paʻakikī loa nā Larva. Ke hoʻomanawanui lākou i nā kūlana ʻino loa, ke ola ma nā lāʻau maloʻo maloʻo a haʻahaʻa hoʻi i nā makahiki he nui.

He ʻula kino a lākou i ke kino, mai ke keʻokeʻo a ʻeleʻele. He palupalu ke kino, ʻōwili ʻia, me ka cephalothorax i hoʻolālā maikaʻi ʻia. Ua hoʻolako ʻia me nā ʻōpua ikaika i kuhikuhi pololei i mua, hiki iā ia ke hana i ka hana a ʻokiʻoki a me nā hana mana.

He wā pokole ke ola o ke kanaka makua. Kui ʻia ka pīpī mai ka pupa i ka wā mua o ka pūnāwai, ʻoiai naʻe ka manawa kēia o ka larva i ka "pupate". Inā mamao loa ka pūnāwai, e holo aku ka chrysalis i ka ulu o ka lāʻau me kahi pahu, a me nā pōkole, e kali ana i ka wela.

He pono a me ka hōʻino i nā kānaka

Ke puka nei ka larva i kahi puka i loko o ka lāʻau, kahi e puka ai ka wahie liʻiliʻi. No laila ua maʻa pono kahi e ola ai kēia hē ʻino. I kekahi manawa aia lākou i ka lāʻau mai loko mai e hoʻopiha ai i ka ʻōpala, a ʻāʻulu ana.

ʻO kekahi mau pōpilikia, e like me ka barbel, i lilo i nā hoalauna maikaʻi ʻole kanaka. ʻO ke ʻano kūlohelohe, ʻaʻole anuanu lākou, akā ʻike nui lākou i nā hale lāʻau. Upholstery o ka hale, papahele, nā papa ʻaina lāʻau, nā pūpū o ka paia a me ka kaupalena - hiki ke loaʻa nā mea āpau inā hoʻomaka kēia mau pepeke. Mālama lākou i nā palule e hoʻopau i nā mea āpau.

ʻO nā ukana, nā moena, nā papaʻaina a me nā noho hiki ke hōʻeha ʻia ma ia ʻano. Hoʻokomo ʻo nā Beetles i kā lākou hua ma nā wahi hiki ʻole ke kiʻi ʻia - nā māla hohonu i loko o nā huahana lāʻau. Ma hope o 2 mau pule, e puka mai ana nā palu mai o lākou, ka mea e hoʻomaka ai kā lākou hana ʻino. Inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e hana i kēia mau mea i ka manawa, ma hope o ka manawa e lilo nā mea a pau i lepo.

Aia nō naʻe, eia ka poʻe o ka mauʻu lumberjack e hoʻopalike ʻole, akā, e pōmaikaʻi ana. O kahi laʻana, hina nāhele pala barbel ʻaʻole maikaʻi loa i ka ululāʻau. E pili ana i nā lāʻau kahiko a make wale nō, e hoʻolōʻihi i ka hoʻololi o ka lāʻau lāʻau i ka humus. ʻO ka nui o nā pīpī e hana ana i nā mea hoʻohālikelike o nā mea kanu pua, ua ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā pollinators maʻamau.

Pehea e wehe ai i kahi barbel

Kahi mau pīpī ma ka home - ʻO kekahi ʻenemi hewa loa o ke kanaka, inā ʻaʻole ʻoi loa ka pilikia. He paʻakikī, ākea, ʻaʻole i ʻike koke ʻia kona mau iwi. No laila, pono ʻoe e ʻike i kekahi mau lula, aoa e hoka ai i ka paoa barbeli ʻole e waiho ʻia me ka hale ʻole.

• Ke koho ʻana i kahi lāʻau, e nānā e nānā inā mālama ʻia me ka antiseptic.
• Ke kūkulu ʻana i kahi hale hana, e hoʻohana i nā pau ʻana kūikawā no ka lāʻau me ka antiseptic. Pale lākou i ka hoʻouka ʻana o nā ʻiʻo.
• Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā pōkole, e noʻonoʻo e hoʻokō ʻoi aku i ka mālama lāʻau lapaʻau. ʻO kēia bromomethyl, zinc klorida, mercuric chloride. Eia kekahi, pono e hana ʻia kēlā ʻano hana hana i 2-3 mau makahiki i ka makahiki. He ʻoluʻolu nā ʻōlima; pono pono ke pale. He mea nui e hoʻomanaʻo e pono ke kaʻina ʻia nā kaʻina ma lalo o ka nānā ʻana o nā lawelawe kūpono. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kāhea aku i nā loea mai ka hale sanitary a me ka maʻi epidemiological no kēia kumu.

Pono ke kamaʻilio pono e hoʻokaʻa inā i hoʻoholo ʻoe e hoʻokō i ka fumigation mai nā pōpoki, hoʻomōloʻi i ka hana ʻōnaehana a i ʻole ka hoʻokomo ʻana i nā mau mea ʻona. Pono kēia mau ala āpau i kahi kaʻina loea.

Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻokō i ka mālama ʻana me ka kaila maloʻo a i ʻole, i ʻole ke kaʻawale ʻana. ʻO kēia mau ala wale nō ka paʻakikī e hoʻokau ma ka home. A palekana lākou. No laila, hoʻohana ʻia lākou i ka hana hana, a ma nā wahi i koho ʻia.

ʻO ke ʻano maʻamau i hiki ke hoʻoneʻe i nā ʻakaʻinihue home he micadiave irradiation. Hoʻokomo ka mea ʻona kūikawā i ka lāʻau i ka paʻakikī a hiki i ka hōʻea i nā wahi, me ka luku ʻana i ka palia. ʻO ka pono kūpono o kēia kaʻina palekana he palekana no ka poʻe a me nā hale. Loaʻa ia i kekahi mau wahi i hoʻopili ʻia e ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi a ʻokiʻoki me ka hou, kīloi ʻole a hoʻoulu ʻia.