Mai kona wā kamaliʻi, ua pili pū ʻo Tetra von Rio me kekahi mea hanohano - paha ma muli o ke kinona Kelemona "ʻokoʻa"." Ma hope ua ʻike au i ka "ʻokoʻa"Ma ka inoa o kahi ahi tetra, tetra von rio, e hōʻike wale ana i ka mea kumu o nā ʻano - mai ka hale kiʻi o Rio de Janeiro. Kūkulu ka poʻe aquarist Kelemania i nā ʻano he nui ka prosaic - rubella mai Rio.

Kaulana ia mai nā makahiki he ʻumikūmālua, ahi tetra (Hyphessobrycon flammeus), me nā ʻīnika a me ke kakalaioa, paʻa i kona wahi i loko o nā puna wai aloha o nā characinides a puni ka honua. He mea kupanaha ka iʻa ma muli o kona waihoʻoluʻu waiho ʻia (ma lalo o nā kūlana maikaʻi i hoʻopaʻa ʻia) a, he mea ʻē aʻe, he mea hoihoi no ka hoʻoulu a me ka hoʻoulu.

Kiʻi pua ʻōpio

Ke ʻike ʻia nei nā keʻa wela. tetra me nā mea pili kokoke - N. griemi, N. bifasciatus. I nā huaʻai o ka hua mua, ʻike maopopo ʻia ka hopena o ka heterosis (ʻoi aku ka mana o nā keiki ma mua o nā mākua i ka nui, ka hoʻoikaika, ka ʻula, a me nā mea like). E pili ana i ke keʻa, ua pane ka mea nui geneticist kaulana a me ka aquarist Fedor Mikhailovich Polkanov i hiki ke koho ʻia i ke koho ʻia ma kēlā me kēia o nā iʻa akuʻa.

ʻIke wau i nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua aloha nui nā mea aloha i kekahi mau ʻano haracin, e like me tetra von rio, thornsia, neon uliuli, etc., kahi ʻano o ka mana o ka hormonal i ka hoʻonaninani, ʻike ʻia ma ka cyprinids.

Hoʻokomo ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau me ka meaʻai a hoʻohemo paha i ka wai aku ka wai aku. Ke hopena, i kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona, lilo ka ʻili o ka iʻa a ikaika a loaʻa i nā poʻe ʻōpio ke loaʻa aku i nā lole o ka pono o nā mea hana. Akā me nā pōmaikaʻi, he ala hou ke ʻano o ke ʻano: ma ka hui ʻāpana "ʻāpana", hoʻonui ka maʻi kino a hemo ka ola. I ka manawa like, a loaʻa iaʻu "nā kala" ahi tetras, ʻike wau no ka hopena o ka hormonal i ka pili ʻana i ka moekolohe, ka hana a nā mea hana, a me ke ʻano o ka hua.

Kōkua - tetra von rio

Eia nō naʻe, manaʻo wau ʻaʻole pono e hoʻokomo ʻia kēia ʻano kumu i loko o ka aquarium i kahi ʻano nui: kuleana mākou no ka mālama ʻana i nā ʻano kūlohelohe i nā ʻano iʻa i loko o nā hale waihona hale.

Ahi tetras maikaʻi a me ka ʻole o "tinting" hou, pono ʻoe e koho i nā kūlana kūpono no ko lākou mālama a me ka kukui.

Nānā maikaʻi ʻo Tetra von rio i nā kūmaha kiʻekiʻe (a hiki i 60 centimeter) nā lāʻau kanu, kahi e waiho ai ka lau o ka cirrus, wallisneria, wai wai ,ʻuʻuku liʻiliʻi a me ka echinodorus ākea ākea, nā lāʻau rotalla a me nā ludwig. E noʻonoʻo e haʻalele i nā wahi ākea no ka lawaiʻa i ka iʻa o ka wai a kokoke i ke aniani mua. I ka aniani i hui pū ʻia (mau kukui kukui o 25-40 mau aniani a me nā kukui pihi o ke ʻano LBU-20), kahi kula o nā iʻa pākeke (20-40 mau ʻāpana) e like me kahi neʻe ʻulaʻula. He makemake nui e hoʻonā nui ʻia nā kāne i ka pūʻulu - ʻoi aku ka nui o lākou i mua o nā wahine.

Kiʻi pua ʻōpio

Mai ka makahiki o ʻehā mau mahina, hoʻomaka ka ʻōpū o ka wahine i ka protrude ikaika loa, i nā pākeke he melemele-kālā. ʻO ke kino ʻōwili pālua nā kāne. ʻO ka lōʻihi o nā wahine he 4.5 centimeter, kāne - 3.5.

ʻO ka maʻamau ka maʻamau o ka iʻa ma ke alo o ke kino he silvery, ʻulaʻula. Ma hope o ka uhi o ke kahe, mai ka waena o ke kua a i ka waena o ka ʻōpū, aia he 2-3 mau pihi loulouʻala kūloko brownish; mai ke kaula hope a hiki i ke kumu o ka huelo, ʻo ke kala o ka iʻa he mālamalama a ʻulaʻula.

ʻO nā dorsal a me nā caudal - pinkish, aniani, pectoral a me nā momona - ka melemele a i ʻole kaʻulaʻula. He ʻulaʻula nui ka ventral a me nā anal fins. I nā kāne, ua hoʻololi ka ʻulaʻulaʻula i nā ʻala i nā piliki. Hoʻolālikelike ʻia nā kihi o nā pala i kahi pale ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele e huli i ka wā kala i ka spawning.

Tetra von rio i ka pili

Tetra von rio kau ma loko o nā koina i ka mahana i ka hoʻoilo ʻaʻole e emi iho ma lalo o 16 ° С, i ke kauwela - 20-22 ° С. ʻO ka paʻakikī o ka wai a hiki i 12 °, pH 6-7. Hoʻololi pinepine pinepine ʻia o ka wai aquarium i ke ʻano o ka iʻa. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia e hoʻololi i ka 10-15 pakeneka o ka wai me ka wai kuke hoʻokahi i ka pule. ʻO ka nui o ka ʻōpala o ke koena huinakū he mea hoʻowahāwahā i ke ahi tetras: lilo lākou i ka maluhia, a pau ka momona, hoʻāʻo e lele i waho o ka aquarium.

Kiʻi pua ʻōpio

Ka malu loa ka iʻa a hiki ke noho i kahi o ka haracin medium-rahi, catfish, cyprinids, kekahi cichlids ʻAmelika Hema, etc.

How spawning tetra von rio

Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Tetra von rio i nā ʻano he nui. ʻO ka hana nui ʻo ka hoʻomākaukau pono ʻana i ka wai kiko, pono e mālama ʻia no 7-10 mau lā ma mua o ka spawning. Hana ia me kēia. Hoʻohui wau i 5 lita o ka wai pā i hoʻolapalapa a me 5 lita o ka pāheʻe a hoʻohui i 20 mau kulu o ka waiū kalo a i ʻole ka hoʻoneʻe. Ma kahi o ka pit, hiki iā ʻoe ke kau i nā hua wai alder 3-5 a i ʻole e hoʻohui i nā 2-3 kulu o ka acid phosphoric (hydrochloric acid i hoʻohui ʻia ma mua). No ka spawning tetra von rio a me ka hatching larvae, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka wai me ka paʻu o ka 4-4,5 ° a me kahi pH o 6.0-6.5.

Hoʻokomo ʻia nā kakano i kahi wahi i mālama ʻia e ka lā a i hoʻomālamalama ʻia paha me kahi kukui kukuiila ʻole me ka mana o 25 watts mai kahi mamao o 20-30 sentimeter. Pono e mālama i ka mahana ma 25-26 ° C. Ke kīloi i nā kūpeʻe, spawning i ka nui o 15x25x15 kenimika a ninini ʻia me kahi papa o 12-14 kenimika. I loko o nā kōnihini manuahi (wahine hoʻokahi a me ʻelua kāne), ʻo ka nui o ka spawning he 25x25x25 mau kenimika, 20 mau kenimika ka pae o ka wai. In spawning ground o kahi mākau nui o ka nui o ka wai o ka wai he 18-20 kenimika, hiki i ka spawning pūʻulu, akā nui ka caviar e ʻai ʻia e nā mea hana.

5-7 mau lā ma mua o ke kuʻi ʻana, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā kāne mai nā wahine, poloka i ka pūpū me ke kālai hoʻokaʻawale. Pono e hānai nui i ka iʻa me ka meaʻai ola a hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka mahana o ka wai.

Kahi spawning kahi hua puaa kapron a i nā mea kanu liʻiliʻi, i ka mānoanoa o 6-12 mau hola ma hope o ke kanu ʻana i ka māla, ua hāpai ka wahine i nā hua liʻiliʻi 60 mau hua liʻiliʻi. No ka pale i nā hua, ua hoʻohana ʻia kahi kaula hoʻokaʻawale nui, ʻāheu pale lole syntept a i ʻole nā ​​lole maikaʻi na nālon.

Kiʻi pua ʻōpio

I ka pau ʻana o ka spawning, kanu ʻia nā mea hana tetra von rio, e hui pū me ka hoʻōla palupalu, hōʻemi i ka wai wai i 10 mau kenimika, hoʻohui i nā paka o ka wai o ka hopena o ko methylene. I kahi 80 pakeneka o ka wai e hiki ke hoʻololi me ka wai i hoʻolapalapa.

Ma kahi mahana o 26 ° C, i kahi lā, hoʻomaka ka ʻōmū e hū mai ka hua. A peʻe paha, a neʻe paha ma nā wahi paʻa - nā kanu kanu, nā ʻauʻau holoi holoi, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe ma ka lā 4-5, hoʻomaka ka hānai ʻana. Me ka nele o ka meaʻai, make lākou a hele i ka cannibalism. Hoʻomaka ka hānai - mauplii o nā pōpoki, "lepo ola", rotifers, ciliates, ʻele hua hua. Ma hope o hoʻokahi hebedoma, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohui i ka ʻai o nā nematodes (akā ma kahi liʻiliʻi loa), nāplpla o ka shine brine, nā cyclops a me nā mea hoʻomaloʻo lepo lepo. He mea maʻalahi ka ʻai nui.

Ke ulu nei ka palaoa, pono lākou e neʻe i nā ipu nui me ka kānana a me ka average. Pono e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā Juveniles. Pono e hoʻoneʻe ʻia nā wahi o nā mea hānai a me nā lepo mai nā mea i loko o ka wai me ka wai i loko o kēlā me kēia lā. Mai ka makahiki hoʻokahi o ka malama, hāʻawi ʻia ka iʻa no ka mea kanu: ulu, ʻai, cereals, ʻai kai, richchia, wolfia. Ma muli o ahi tetra prone i ka gluttony, pono e kau i ka ʻai ʻana iā lākou i ka momona o ka oatmeal i ka wai, ka papa keʻokeʻo, a me nā mea me ka mālama pono a me ka mālama kūpono, ʻo nā wahine nui i ka wā he 6 mau mahina, nā kāne - e 8-12. ʻO ka 4 mau makahiki ka ola ʻana.

E noho nei i ke kūlohelohe

ʻO Tetra von rio (Hyphessobrycon flammeus) i wehewehe ʻia e Myers i ka makahiki 1924. Noho ia ma ʻAmelika Hema, ma nā kahawai kahawai o East Brazil a me Rio De Janeiro.

E makemake aku i nā kahakaha, nā kahawai a me nā kēne me ka holo lohi. Mālama ʻia lākou i loko o kahi hipa a hānai i nā mea hihiu, mai ka ʻona o ka wai a ma lalo.

ʻO keʻano

ʻAʻole ʻokoʻa ʻē ka Tetra von rio i ke ʻano kino. Maikaʻi kiʻekiʻe, hoʻopiʻi ʻia me nā pala liʻiliʻi.

Ke ulu iki lākou - a hiki i 4 cm, a hiki ke ola i ka makahiki 3-4.

He kālā ke alo o mua o ke kino, akā he ʻulaʻula a hope ke kua, ʻoi aku hoʻi i nā pua.

ʻElua mau poʻo hōʻele e hoʻomaka koke ma hope o ka uhi ʻana o ka gill. ʻO nā maka me nā haumāna palaka.

Hānai

ʻO nā Omnivores, nā tetras e ʻai i nā ʻano ola, hoʻokolohua a ʻai ʻole paha i nā mea ʻai. Hiki ke hānai iā lākou me nā huaʻai palaka nui, a hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia i nā kahe koko a me nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni i kēlā me kēia manawa, no ka pāʻai.

E hoʻomaopopo he ʻōlelo liʻiliʻi lākou a pono ʻoe e koho i kahi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi.

Tetra von rio, iʻa nō nā mea ʻona maikaʻi ʻoi aku. Pono lākou e mālama i loko o kahi ʻohana o ka 7 mau mea hoʻokahi, ma kahi pākeke o 50 lita. ʻO ka nui o ka iʻa, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka nui.

Makemake lākou i ka wai palupalu a me ka liʻiliʻi, e like me nā tetras āpau. Akā ma ke kaʻina o ka hoʻoulu pāʻoihana, kūpono lākou i nā pālahalaha like, me ka wai paʻakikī.

He mea nui ia he maemae me ka wai nā wai i loko o ka hale aku no kēia mea pono ia e hoʻololi pinepine a hoʻokomo i kahi kānana.

ʻO ka mea maikaʻi loa, ke nānā aku nei ka iʻa ma ke kua o ka lepoʻeleʻele a me kahi nui o nā mea kanu.

ʻAʻole makemake ʻo ia i nā kukui māmā, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka pale ʻana i ka pākika me nā mea kanu kahe. Aʻo nā mea kanu i ka loko aku, pono nui ka manaʻo o lākou, e like me ka palaka iʻa a makemake makemake e hūnā i ka manawa o ka makaʻu.

Manaʻo ʻia e mālama i nā ʻano wai like ʻole: ke kauwela 24-28 ° С, ph: 5.0-7.5, 6-15 dGH.

Kūlike

ʻO kēia mau iʻa i ke aloha i ka papa waena o ka wai i ka aquarium. Ke ʻānai nei lākou a pono e mālama ʻia i loko o kahi ʻohana o ka 7 mau kānaka. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka pale, ʻoi aku ka nani o ka kala a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā kāʻei.

Inā mālama ʻoe i ka tetra von rio i nā wāwae, ʻaʻole wale, a laila, nalowale ka hoʻohemo ʻana i kona kala a ʻike ʻole.

E hui pū ia me nā iʻa like ʻole, no ka laʻana, ka neon uliuli, cardinals, a me Kongo.

ʻAno hānau

Maʻalahi ka hōlua ʻia ka tetra von rio. Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻohālikelike i nā hipa liʻiliʻi, no laila ʻaʻohe pono e koho i kahi pālua.

ʻO ka wai kele e pono e palupalu a me ka waikawa (pH 5.5 - 6.0). No ka hoʻonui i ka manawa i nā pōkole pōmaikaʻi, e noho ana nā kāne a me nā wahine a hānai ikaika i ka meaʻai ola no nā hebedoma.

Pono ia e hānai me nā mea hānaiʻai - tubulator, kahe koko, artemia.

He mea nui ia he twilight i loko o ke kiko, hiki iā ʻoe ke pani i ka aniani i mua me ka ʻāpana pepa.

Hoomaka ke kuʻi ʻana i ka kakahiaka, i ka ʻai ʻana o ka iʻa ma nā mea kanu liʻiliʻi i waiho ʻia i loko o ka hale kia aʻu, no ka laʻana, ka mokulele Java.

Ma hope o ka hakakā, pono lākou e hoʻopaʻa ʻia, ʻoiai hiki i nā mākua ke ʻai i ka caviar. Mai wehe i ka ʻulekukia; nānā ka caviar i ka mālamalama a make paha.

Ma hope o nā hola 24-36, ʻo ka paewa larva, a ma hope o 4 mau lā o ka larva. ʻAi ʻia ka pīkoi me nā ciliates a me ke kinikini, i ka wā e ulu ana, ua lawehala lākou i nāplpl o nā shine brine.

Tetra von rio - he ʻAmelika me kahi inoa Kelemania

ʻO Tetra von rio (lat.Hyphessobrycon flammeus) a i ʻole tetra ahi ke lulu nei, ʻono ʻia me ka extravaganza o nā pua i kona olakino a ʻoluʻolu hoʻi i ka aquarium. ʻO kēia tetra ka hapa kālā ma ke alo a me nā mālamalama ʻulaʻula e kokoke mai i ka huelo.

Akā ke makaʻu aku kahi mea iā Tetra von rio, huli ke kino a hilahila. Ma muli o kēia, ʻaʻole lākou e kūʻai pinepine iā ia, mai ka hale hōʻikeʻike mea paʻakikī iā ia ke hoʻomālamalama me kona nani.

E ʻike mua nā Aquarist i ka nani o kēia iʻa, a laila ʻaʻole e pau ia.

Eia kekahi, ʻo ka hoʻohui pū i kona ʻano nani, tetra von rio he leo maoli nō hoʻi i ka ʻike. Hiki ke aʻo ʻia aku i nā mea inu mua e hoʻomaka ana.

A he mea maʻalahi ke ʻano, no kēia, ʻaʻole pono ʻoe e ʻike. ʻAe, ua hoʻokele ʻoe i kāu makemake i kēia iʻa?

I mea e hoʻolaha ai i ka tetra von rio i kona kala piha, pono ʻoe e hana i nā kūlana kūpono i loko o ka aquarium. Noho lākou i nā hipa, mai 7 mau kanaka pakele, i mālama maikaʻi ʻia me nā iʻa liʻiliʻi a maluhia.

Inā noho kēia mau tetras i loko o ka hale hoʻonaʻau mālie a hōʻoluʻolu, lilo lākou i mea ikaika loa. Ke hala ka acclimatization, pau lākou i ka haʻalulu a loaʻa iā ka aquarist ke kiʻi i kahi kula nani o ka iʻa me ka hana ola.

Tetra Von Rio

ʻO Tetra Von Rio (Hyphessobrycon flammeus), he ʻōmole ulaula, ke ahi tetra, kahi tetra puʻu, ke ahi kīʻaha - kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o ka iʻa aku. Loaʻa i kēia tetra i kahi kala ulaula maikaʻi i ka wā i kūpono a me kaʻoluʻolu i ka aquarium. Ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, he kālā kēia tetra ma ka mua a he ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula ma ke kua, a ʻo ka ʻulaʻula lahilahi hoʻi i ʻike ʻia i ka waihona o nā iwi.

Inā ʻike ka pākuʻi a Von Rio i ke kaumaha nui, a laila lilo loa ia i ke ʻano makaʻu, a hiki ke pale ʻia kona waihoʻoluʻu. No laila, i loko o kahi hale kūʻai holoholona ʻaʻole hiki iā ia ke hōʻike i kona kala i ka piha loa, no ka mea aia kahi ʻike ʻia i ka nui o nā mana o waho: ke hoʻololi ʻana o ke ʻano paʻani, nā ʻano like ʻole a, hiki paha, ke hoʻokokoke ʻana i nā hoalauna kuʻuna. Inā ʻoe e nānā i ka tetra Von Rio i loko o kahi hale kūʻai, a laila akaka paha e like me ka iʻa maʻalahi ʻole ia iā ʻoe, ʻo ia paha ke kumu o ke koi iki o kēia ʻano ʻano. Akā, pono ʻoe e ʻike i kēia hiʻohiʻona e mahalo i ka nani ma hope.

Hoʻohana ʻia

ʻO Tetra von Rio a i ʻole tetra ʻulaʻula (Hyphessobrycon flammeus) i wehewehe ʻia e Myers i ka makahiki 1924. ʻO ke kūlohelohe, noho ma ʻAmelika Hema, i nā kahe o ka hikina o Brazil a me nā lihi o Rio de Janeiro. Maikaʻi kēia mau tetras i nā kahawai kahe kahawai, nā kahawai a me nā kai hoʻi, nā mea hānai i nā ʻōpala, nā ʻōpala liʻiliʻi a me nā mea kanu. Noho i nā hui.

ʻO ka hānai a me ka hānai

O ka tetras iʻa pau ʻole i ka ʻai, e ʻai ana lākou i nā mea ola a pau loa. No ka mālama o ka kaulike i ka pākiko, ua ola maikaʻi ka iʻa, e aʻo ʻia e hānai iā lākou me ka ʻai maloʻo no ka iʻa aku loko maikaʻi o ke kaola i loko o ke ʻano o nā mea pīpī, hoʻohui i nā meaʻai ola a me nā pōpoki e like me ka brine hupa, ka ʻōpala a me nā lāʻau āpau. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka tetra i nā manawa he nui i kēlā me kēia mau wahi o ka meaʻai a laila e ʻai ʻia lākou i 3 mau minuke a i ʻole ka liʻiliʻi.

ʻAno hānau

ʻO Von Rio tetras a iʻa tetras ulaula i pīpīpiha akuʻa i ka iʻa aku ka maikaʻi, ua ulu maikaʻi lākou a hiki i ka puberty i nā makahiki 6 mau makahiki. Kēia kūlohelohe nui kūlohelohe e pili ana i nā kula i ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā māhele o 6-12 kāne a me 6 wahine. E hoʻolōʻihi i ka spawning, ʻai ʻia ka iʻa i ka meaʻai ola no nā lā he nui. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi e hoʻokaʻawale i kahi mea ʻokoʻa ʻoi aʻe ka loaʻa ʻana o ka palaoa. Pono e hoʻokomo i nā mea kanu ola, e like me ka mokuku Java, i loko o ka hale aku - ʻo ka wahine e waiho i ka hua ma nā mea kanu, e hana ana i kahi kuʻuna maʻamau ʻo "tipping". Pono ka wai i ka palupalu a me nā waikiko, me kahi pH o 5.5 - 6.5 a me ka mahana o 26-28 degere Celsius. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻokomo i kahi kānana puna.

I kekahi manawa, kau ʻo ka wahine i kahi haneli o nā hua, kahi e hōʻiliʻili ai ke kāne. Ma hope o ka hakakā, lawe ʻia nā mākua. ʻAi ʻia ka ʻōkuhi ma hope o 24 a 36 mau hola, e hoʻomaka ka neʻe ʻana i ka mea waʻa ma hope o 3 a 4 mau lā. ʻAi ʻia nā lā mua o ka palaoa me ka infusoria a i ʻole ka wai ʻaina, no ka laʻana, ʻano meli hua manu. Hana ʻia ka pīkī ʻia me Artemia nauplia. ʻO ka pīpī i nā wā mua e hoʻomaopopo loa i ka māmā, no laila e pono ke hoʻomau ʻia ka pono.

Tetra von rio (Hyphessobrycon flammeus)

Tetra von Rio (Hyphessobrycon flammeus) Myers (Myers), 1924

Pahu ʻo Tetra / Flaming Tetra kahi ʻano lāʻau iʻa i ka wai ʻona mākona.

Pili ka pōmaikaʻi o kēia iʻa iʻa me ka ʻoluʻolu e pili ana i nā ʻano like ʻole o ka paʻa a me kahi kūʻē i ka maʻi. Hoʻomaopopo pinepine ʻia no nā aquarist hoʻomaka.

Mai kona ʻike mua ʻana, ʻānō kēia o nā mea i loko o nā aquariums ma ka honua a ʻo ia kekahi o nā mea maʻamau a kū ka i ka ʻoihana aku. I kēia manawa, ulu ka hapa nui i Asia Hikina.

Eia naʻe, ua hoʻoweliweli ʻo H. fllammeus i ka pau ʻana e like me ka loea ma ke ʻano kino ahi ʻo Tula Tetra.

ʻO ka Hyphessobrycon: mai loko mai o ka hyphesson Helene kahiko, ʻo ia ka "ʻāpana liʻiliʻi", i kēia hihia i hoʻohana ʻia me ka prefix a me ka inoa ākea ʻo Brycon.

Flammeus: mai Lani, "ʻo ia ke" ʻulaʻula ahi (ʻulaʻula-ʻulaʻula a i ʻole ʻulaʻula) ", e pili ana i kēia ʻano," ʻokoʻa ke ʻano ʻulaʻula. "

Kāohi: Characidae (Characidae).

I ka mua, ma 1920, ʻike ʻia kēia mau iʻa ʻo ka Yellow Tetra (Hyphessobrycon bifasciatus), akā i ka makahiki 1924, ua hoʻokū ʻo Ichthyologist ʻAmelika George Myers ua hoʻohuli lākou he ʻano i ʻike mua i ka ʻepekema a ua hōʻike iā lākou ʻo Hyphessobrycon flammeus. ʻO nā mea hoʻohālike i hoʻohana ʻia no ka wehewehe mua ua mālama ʻia me ka zinc. No 20 mau makahiki wale nō, loaʻa ʻo Myers i kēia ʻano ʻehā ma kahi huakaʻi a ua ʻike aia wale nō ʻo ia i loko o ka ʻalepona o Rio de Janeiro.

ʻO Habitat a me kahi noho

ʻAmelika Hema, Brazil.

Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka palena i nā wahi e pili ana o Rio de Janeiro a me São Paulo ma Sīkia hema, ʻoiai ʻaʻole maopopo i kona neʻe ʻana i kēia manawa.

Ma Rio de Janeiro, loaʻa wale nō lākou ma nā wahi kahakai, e komo pū ana me nā kahawai a me nā kahawai e kahe ana i ka Guanabara, Rio Paraibu do Sul a me Rio Guangdu. Ma São Paulo, lele ka wai o Tietá ma luna o ka lāʻau o ka ʻaoʻao o Rio Parana, ua ʻālulu ʻia ke kai ma ka hikina a ma ke komohana o ke kūlanakauhale ʻo São Paulo, ma waena o nā kūlanakauhale o Susanu a me Salopolis, ma ka moku o Sochiériceri da Serra, ma laila.

ʻO ka palena kiʻekiʻe o nā kahawai Tiete a Paraiba do Sul ma ka mokuʻāina o São Paulo e kokoke kokoke ana kekahi i kekahi, a hoʻokahi nō paha ko lākou ʻano hoʻokahi mai ka mauna ʻo Serra do Mar. ʻOiai ka loaʻa ʻana o lākou mau ʻano iʻa maʻamau, ʻo H. fluammeus ʻaʻole i kū i ka ʻaoʻao o luna o Paraíba do Sul, ʻo ia hoʻi kahi kaila o nā mau aneli mau huakaʻi ma waena o nā poʻomanaʻo o Rio de Janeiro a me São Paulo.

Carvalho et al. (2014) kuhikuhi ʻia i ka hoʻopili maoli ʻia nā mea like ʻole (ke manaʻo a i ʻole noho malihini ʻia) ma nā wahi o ke kūlanakauhale o São Paulo e nā ʻolua a me nā mea hānai holoholona, ​​ʻoiai ʻaʻole i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma kēia wahi a hiki i 1977, ua lilo ke kūlanakauhale i waena o ke kālepa hoʻolālā, a ʻoiai palena ʻokoʻa i loko o kahi pā hale i loko o ka metropolitan, haʻalele i nā wahi kūlohelohe kokoke ʻole. E hoʻopau i kēia hilahila, e pono ai ke kaʻina molekika.

Ke kahe nei nā wahi e noho nei i kēia iʻa ma kekahi o nā wahi ākea a ʻoihana e ʻoi loa ma Brazil e aʻo a ua pōʻino loa i ka hana ʻana o nā pā, ka waiiki, ka lepo, ka manuahi, nā manu ʻē (ʻoi aku paha ma mua o 40 mau wai hou i ka wai kūlohelohe wale ma Rio Paraiba do Sul) a me nā mea ʻē aʻe ʻano o nā palapala anthropogenic. ʻO nā hōʻike ʻike ʻepekema hou loa mai ka ʻāina a puni ka Rio de Janeiro mai ka makahiki 1992, ʻoiai mai kēia manawa ʻaʻole i hoʻopaʻa ʻia kēia ʻano ma kēia wahi, akā ʻaʻole kēia ke kumu ua hala. A ʻo ka hopena, ua loaʻa iā H. flammeus i ka Palapala ʻo ʻInelani ʻo endangered Fish Spies.

Hoʻaiho

E ʻimi ʻo ia i ka liʻiliʻi a me ka pāpū (emi iho ma lalo o ke anawa he 50 cm hohonu) a kahe a nā kahe a me nā kahawai me nā mea kanu kai, ʻoiai ua loaʻa lākou i nā wahi peripheral ma luna o ka Rio Tiete. ʻO kona mau wahi noho, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, ka loko o ka wai aniani me ka aniani a me ka substrat sandy.

ʻO nā kānaka ʻē aʻe o kēia mau wahi, ʻo ia naʻe, ʻaʻole pono nā ʻano iʻa meʻa i loko o kēia wahi: ʻAmeleka Tetra (Hyphessobrycon bifasciatus), H. luetkeni, Astyanax parahybae, Brycon insignis, Corydoras nattereri, Pogonopoma parahybae, Hypostomus auroguttatus, Steindocerius phyreus Braid, ʻO ka geophagus brasiliensis).

ʻAno e hoʻokū

ʻO kēia mau iʻa maluhia, kahi e hoʻonoho ai iā lākou i kahi poʻe noho maikaʻi no kahi kaiāulu i koho maikaʻi ʻia.

He mea maikaʻi e mālama pū me ka haracin iʻa like ʻole me nā pēpē, nā mea lawaiʻa, nā lebiasin, nā callichtic liʻiliʻi a i ʻole caticaria catfish, a me ka non-predatory liʻiliʻi a me nā cichlids.

Akuula

ʻO kahi hale wai me kahi nui pae o 60 * 30 cm a i ʻole ke kiko like he liʻiliʻi.

ʻAʻole mea koʻikoʻi kahi koho o ka hoʻonani, ʻoiai lākou e hōʻike ana i ka hiʻona maikaʻi loa i ka wā e mālama ʻia ana i loko o kahi aquari i hoʻolako ʻia me nā mea ola a me kahi substrate pōkole.

Hiki paha ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i kahi mea hoʻonaninani palupalu palupalu me nā hāmeʻe maoli, nā aʻa a me nā lala, i hoʻonohonoho ʻia i kahi ala ʻano nui.

Hoʻohui hou ʻia ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā lau malo i ke ʻano o ka biotope-type sensation, a me ia me ka ulu ʻana o nā kolony bacterial maikaʻi aʻe i ko lākou decompose. Hiki iā lākou ke hāʻawi i kahi kumuwaiwai koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi o ka meaʻai no ka palaoa, aʻo nā mea kanu a me nā mea waiwai ʻē aʻe i loaʻa i nā lau e hiki ke kōkua i ka hoʻopiha ʻana i nā kūlana kūlohelohe. Hiki ke waiho ʻia nā lau ma loko o ka pahu aku a hiki i ka ʻalopō ʻole ʻana a lawe ʻia paha a hoʻololi ʻia i kēlā me kēia pule.

A kūpono kēia ʻano no ka mālama ʻana i ka māmā haʻahaʻa, e mahalo nō hoʻi nā mea kanu kaheʻe.

Pālā wai wai

Haumaha: 22-28 ° C,
pH: 5.5-7.5,
ʻAuhau: 5 - 25 ° / 3 - 15 ° DH.

E like me nā iʻa he nui e noho nei i loko o kahi ʻano, ʻaʻole pono, ʻike ʻole lākou i ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻana o nā mea waiwai a pono i ka wai maʻemaʻe, ʻo ia ke ʻano he ʻano maʻamau i nā wai hebedoma.

Mea ʻai

ʻO nā Omnivores e hānai ana i nā invertebrates liʻiliʻi, crustaceans, filamentous algae, detritus organik a me nā mea like.

Ma ka lapaʻau, hiki ke ola hou ma ka meaʻai o ka ʻai maloʻo, akā, e like me ka nui o ka iʻa aku aquarium, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hāʻawi ʻana ʻana i nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole, pono e loaʻa i nā kahe koko, a me ka tubule, daphnia, moina, etc.

Pono e hānai i nā manawa he nui i ka lā, ma nā wahi liʻiliʻi.

Nā Nānā

He ʻano ʻo kēia iʻa ʻoi aku ka manu i loko o kēia mau ʻāina, no laila ʻike ʻole ʻia ka iʻa hihiu. ʻO nā meaʻala, nā puka hoʻohālikelike, ʻo ia hoʻi me Orange, Gold, Diamond a me Albino, i hoʻohālikelike ʻia.

Ma hope o ke kākau hou ʻana i ka ʻano mai Carvalho et al. (2014), ʻo H. flammeus hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia o nā koina āpau i ka hui pū ʻana o nā ʻatikala e like me: ka ʻulaʻula ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ka hele ʻana o ʻelua mau vertically elongated, nā wahi like ʻole i wehewehe ʻia i nā ʻūhā poʻohiwi, ka hemahema o kahi wahi ma ka lōpea caudal, ka ʻāpana lauwili me ka ʻokoʻa ʻole, ka waiho ʻole ʻana o ka longitudinal pōʻele. nā kīkī ma ke kino, 5-8 maxillary niho.

Ua hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o kahi hui i hoʻokumu ʻia me nā ʻano ʻano ʻano like ʻole, i hōʻike ʻia i ke alo o ʻelua mau poʻohiwi elongated poʻohiwi e like me Geri (1977). Ua komo pū kekahi kaiāulu ʻo Hyphessobrycon tortuguerae, H. bifasciatus, H. savagei, H. griemi a me H. balbus, kahi mai ka ʻaoʻao o H. flammeus i ka manawa o nā niho he 5-8 maxillary, 5 mau laina o nā unahi ma luna o ka laina o hope, a me kahi wahi koʻikoʻi ʻōpiopio.

Ua ʻike ʻia ka Hifessobricons he subgenus o ka Hemigrammus, Marion Lee Durbin a me Aigenman (1908), kahi ʻokoʻa ma ka hope o ka lilo ʻana o nā unahi ma luna o ka moni caudal.

Ua hoʻoponopono hou ʻia kēia hui e Eigenman (1918, 1921), aʻo Geri (1977) i hana i nā ʻano lāʻau like ʻokoʻa ma ke ʻano kala, a ua hoʻomau ʻia kēia mau wehewehe i kēia lā, no ka laʻana, ka hui o H. agulha, ka pūʻulu H. heterohabdus, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. ʻOiai, ʻaʻole hiki ke manaʻo ʻia he mau monophyletic (mai loko mai o nā kūpuna maʻamau), a e hoʻomau ʻia kēia manaʻo.

TETRA VON RIO (Hyphessobrycon flammeus)

Ua hoʻokomo ʻia kēia iʻa ma ʻEulopa i ka makahiki 1920. Hōʻoluʻolu ka iʻa, makaʻala, mālie a piha i ka ʻoluʻolu. Manaʻo ʻia e mālama ʻia i loko o nā hipa liʻiliʻi o nā iʻa 6-8 he mau hui me ka iʻa aloha ʻoluʻolu o ka nui like.

Loaʻa ʻo Tetra von Rio i kahi nui o 4 cm ka lōʻihi a he kino ʻē aʻe i hoʻopaʻa ʻia. Hoʻopili ʻia ke kala o nā ʻala a me ke kino, a he palena ʻeleʻele ka dorsal a me nā ʻaluna ventral. Hoʻohālikelike paha nā kala ʻē aʻe inā kua ʻoli ka wai a me ka lepo ʻeleʻele. Aia ma lalo o nā wahiʻeleʻele ʻelua ma ke alo o ke kino. He wahine piha o ka ʻōpū a me ka puʻupuʻu pale, coma ʻaʻole lākou i kahi oho i kā i nā pōpoki. ʻO ka hapa nui o ka manawa e hoʻohana ai ka iʻa i waena o ka wai waena. Pono e hoʻomaopopo i ka hilinaʻi o ka iʻa i ka ʻenehana - me ka makaʻala iki wale, me ka loli o ka pigment o ka iʻa a komo kā lākou kaila i kahi kala pālule.

No ka mālama i ka ʻohana hipa o ka iʻa 6-8 e pono ai i ka aquarium nui ʻōpiopio me ka nui o ka 40 lita. Pono ka ʻokoʻa o ka wai wai e koi i nā koina i kēia manawa: pono ka pā ana o ka wai ma ka waena o 20-26 ° C. Eia nō naʻe, e hoʻomaopopo ʻia e ʻae ʻae ka iʻa i ka wai ma lalo o 20 ° C. Pono ka wai Aquarium e palupalu dH 4-8 ° a me nā kaila pH 6.0-7.0. No ka mālama i ka acidity pono i loko o ka hale aku, ʻoi aku ia e kau i nā ʻōpala pit i kahi maʻemaʻe.

Manea ʻia e hoʻohana i nā kalala o ke kala ʻeleʻele e like me ka lepo. Pono ka māla a kanu ʻia nā mea kanu me nā wahi ʻauʻau. ʻAʻole makemake iʻa me ka mālamalama māmā, no laila e pono ia e lūlū ʻia.

ʻAi lākou i nā ʻano hānai hoʻokahi. Makemake ʻia ka meaʻai ola. I ke kauwela, hiki iā ʻoe ke hānai i nā aphids, kahi i ʻai ʻoluʻolu e nā iʻa.

He ʻano maʻalahi kēia ʻano o ka iʻa a hiki ʻole ke loaʻa i nā pilikia.

Ma mua o ka lōkō, noho ʻia nā mea hana a hoʻoulu maikaʻi ʻia i hoʻokahi pule. E like me ka mea i hoʻokaʻawale i kahi mea hoʻonaʻauao spawning, koho i ka loko aku me ka nui o 4-10 lita, ma ka lalo kahi i waiho ʻia kahi pahu kaawale.

Pono ka wai i loko o ka mea kanu i ka wai i loko o nā mea i loaʻa i kēia mau haʻawina.

Mālama ʻia ka moss Java i loko o ka hale kanu, e lawelawe ʻia he substrate no ka hakilo ʻana, a ma ke ahiahi ua kau ʻia nā mea hana ahiahi ma ka pae ʻana o 2-3 kāne no 1 wahine. Hoʻomaka ka ʻōpū ʻana iʻa i ke kakahiaka ma ke kakahiaka aʻe. Hoʻokahi wahine hoʻokahi i nā hua he 400. He liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi a pili nā Caviar, pili ia i ka moss, ʻo ka mea hoʻokaʻawale i ka mahele, akā ʻo ka hapa nui e hele ma waena o nā ʻāpana mesh a hāʻule i lalo. Ma hope koke o ka milo ʻana, kanu ʻia nā mea ulu, a ua pua ʻia ka pūpū māmā.

Hoʻokoke nā lālani i ka lā. Ma hope koke o kēia, pono ia e wehe i ka hoʻokaʻawale kaawale mai ka aku aku ma o ka hoʻopio mua ʻana mai ia ia i nā palu i kū ma luna o kona pūpū.

Ma hope o kēia, ua huki kaʻoki ʻia a pae mālū ke lau i ka ʻili o ka wai i hāʻule nā ​​hua āpau i loko o ka aquarium.

Ma hope o ʻekolu mau lā, e hoʻomaka ana ka uhu e ʻai a ʻai ikaika. Ma loko o kēia manawa hānai ʻia lākou me ka hānai momona maikaʻi no ka palaoa (artemia a i ʻole cyclops liʻiliʻi). Pono ia e kiaʻi i ka loaʻa o ka wai, me ke koi nui i ka palaoa i ka ʻikepili oxygen i loko. Ma hope o ʻelua pule, ua kāwili ʻia ke kō i loko o ka pākohu nui.

Tetra von Rio - iʻa ʻano ʻilihune, aneʻane lākou e maʻi. Hiki i ka momi i loko i ka iʻa i hoʻokahi makahiki.

Ka wehewehe holoʻokoʻa

He inoa quadrangular maʻamau ʻo Tetra von rio, no ka ʻohana haracin. ʻO kēia mau iʻa aquarium, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, hiki i ka lōʻihi o 4 cm a ola e pili ana iā 3-5 mau makahiki.

ʻO ka ʻaoʻao mua o ke kino o kēia iʻa ka mea palu, huli i loko o ke ahi ʻulaʻula ma hope o ke kumu o nā pua. Ma hope o nā mea hoʻonani, ʻelua mau kāʻei ʻeleʻele mai luna a i lalo, a aia kekahi poni polū a puni nā maka. ʻO ka kāne nā kāne ʻaina fin-anal anal; i ka wahine ʻoi aku ka māmā, i kekahi manawa he melemele. ʻO nā wahine wahine wale kekahi hapa ʻeleʻele ma ka peni ʻo ka pectoral.

He iʻa paʻakikī ʻo Tetra von rio, no laila he maikaʻi nui ʻo ia me kahi iʻa mua aku no nā mea inu mua. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka ulia nui o kēia ʻano, pono ka mālama ʻana i ka wai i loko o ka hale aku i ka mālama ʻana, no ka mea he ʻeha ka red tetra i ka ichthyophthyroidism a me nā maʻi ʻē aʻe. Eia kekahi, kūpono kēia iʻa no nā poʻe hoʻomaka e makemake i ka hana ʻana i ka iʻa spawning.

ʻAʻole kūpono ʻo Tetra von rio i nā kūlana i ka loko aku. E lilo ia i maʻalahi e nā poʻe hoʻomaka me kā lākou ʻike. Hāʻawi lākou i ka wai maʻemaʻe i loko o ka hale iʻa. ʻO kēia mau iʻa ma ke ʻano e like me ka wai paloma a me ka peaty me kahi nāwaliwali nāwaliwali.

I loko o ka lāʻau, ua ʻōlelo ʻia no lākou e loli ma ka hapaʻima o ka wai, a i ʻole ka hapalua, hoʻokahi i kēlā me kēia pule ʻelua. Makemake lākou e ʻele i ka tetra von rio i ka ʻaoʻao waena a i luna o ka wai i noho ai, no laila he mea pono ʻole kēia mau wahi e lawaiʻa mai nā lau o nā mea kanu. Loaʻa i kēia mau iʻa ka ʻalani e ʻoi loa i ka loko o nā koina, aia kahi lepo aʻeleʻele hoʻi a hoʻomālamalama mau.

Pono ʻoe e ʻike i ka wā a pau i ke kaumaha, e lilo kēia mau iʻa aikue me ka nalo. A ʻo ke kūlana kaumaha no lākou ke kūlana maikaʻi ʻole. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia e pili i nā ʻōhua wai like ʻole i loko o ka mea kanu i kahi e ola ai ka tetra von rio: ke kauwela - 23-28 degere Celsius, ka waikolu - a hiki i 7 (pH) ka paʻakikī, hiki i ka 15 mau kiʻekiʻe.

ʻO ka nui o ka mea kanu, pono ma kahi o 40 lita wai. E kūpono ka nui no ka mālama ʻana i ke kula o ka iʻa mai nā ʻāpana he 6-8, no ka mea, he ʻano kula kēia i ka iʻa.

He mea nui ka Tetra von rio. ʻO nā ʻano like ʻole o ke ola a me ka maloʻo ka kūpono no lākou. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia e hānai i kēia ʻano iʻa me kēia ʻano kīnā e ʻai ʻia i loko o 3 mau minuke.

Ke maluhia ke ʻano o kēia ʻano noho a me nā wahi o ka aku. Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻohui me ka iʻa like ʻole. ʻO ka laʻana, ka zebrafish a me ka hoʻomoe, nā loko a me nā ʻano tetras ʻē aʻe. He ʻoni maluhia ʻo Tetra von rio ʻaʻole i hoʻopilikia i kekahi mea noho paha a i ʻole nā ​​mea kanu.

Ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o ka hale waihona aku

Nā kinikona liʻiliʻi akukima: lōʻihi 60 cm, ākea a me ke kiʻekiʻe ʻaʻole i emi iho ma lalo o 30 cm.

Inā mākou e kamaʻilio e pili ana i ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o ka pāakiki, a laila hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi ʻia ka iʻa ma nā kūlana, akā e hoʻomaopopo ana ke hōʻike ʻia nā kala maikaʻi loa i mālama ʻia i loko o ka hale hoʻokaʻina maikaʻi. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia e hoʻohana i ka driftwood a me nā mea kanu i loko o ka lāʻau aku, ʻaʻole e ʻāʻā ka paku, a laha paha. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka lepo i kahi one i koho ʻia, i ka wā e hoʻonohonoho ana i kahi aquarium i makemake ʻia e hana i kahi helu nui o nā hale i uhi ʻia.

ʻAʻole pono ka kānana e hoʻokumu i kahi neʻe ikaika o ka wai, ʻoiai ʻo ka makemake a i ʻole ka nāwaliwali o ka wai e makemake ʻia. No ka tetra von rio, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e koho i nā mea kanu kahe ma luna o ka ʻili.

He mea koʻikoʻi ka maikaʻi o ka wai no kēia mau iʻa, ke nānā pū nei lākou i ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻana o ka ʻāina, no laila pono ʻoe e hoʻomaʻemaʻe pinepine i ka aquarium a hoʻololi i ka liʻiliʻi o 30% o ka wai i kēlā me kēia pule.

Hoʻomaopopo

Aia ʻo Tetra-von-rio i kēia manawa ke noho haʻahaʻa ʻokoʻa. Ma ka 2014, ua hoʻokaumaha ʻia ʻo ka loea bival Carvalho he ʻano maoli no kēia ʻano iʻa ma São Paulo no kēia ʻano o kēia iʻa. Hoʻokumu ʻia ka hoʻākāka o kēia ma nā hōʻike ʻepekema i ʻōlelo mau ai a hiki i 1977 ke kikowaena kūloko wahi kūleʻa i ke kālepa iʻa. I mea e hōʻoia ai a hōʻoleʻole i kēia hypothesis, pono e loiloi i ka DNA o ka iʻa.

ʻO ia kekahi mea i ka mōʻaukala i noho ai ka noho ʻana o tetra-von-rio ma ka wahi nui loa i pīpī ʻia ʻo Brazil, ma muli o ke ʻano kūlohelohe o ka iʻa ma lalo o ke koʻikoʻi a hoʻohaumia maoli. Mai ka makahiki 1992, ua nalowale ka lemu o kēia mau iʻa me ka 2004, ua hoʻokomo ʻia nā iʻa ma ka hui o ka mea i pilikia.

Loaʻa nā hoʻololi

Kūpono loa nā ʻano ʻokoʻa i ka inoa o nā ʻano. ʻElua mau ala e hoʻoholo ai i nā kāne:

• Ma ke ʻano nui o ke kino - ʻoi aku ka nui o nā kāne.
• Wahi a ke kala o nā pua - i nā kāne he māmā, a ma nā wahine i nā pectoral nā pihi he ʻeleʻele.

ʻO ka maʻi a me ka ʻihi

Ehia mau von rio tetras e noho ana i ka ʻano o nā kūlana i hana ʻia, ʻo lākou kahiʻoi aʻe i ka kūlohelohe. ʻO ka umauma maʻamau o ka iʻa iʻa aku he 3-4 mau makahiki.

ʻO ke ahi tetra maikaʻi loa. ʻO nā maʻi e hiki wale mai me:

• ʻO ka hapa o ka wahi i loko o ka aquarium,
• ʻAno maikaʻi, ʻaʻai ʻole maikaʻi.
• Na luʻi
• Hoʻopuka ka wai aku i ka wai, hōʻiliʻili ʻia o nā nitrates,
• ʻAkahi o ka ea.

Palapala ka maʻi tetra maʻi ʻole, kūwaho, hōʻole i ka meaʻai, a nalowale nā ​​aniani ka ʻula. No ka pale ʻana i nā maʻi a me ka make o ka iʻa, pono ia e nānā i ka maikaʻi o ka wai, hoʻomaʻemaʻe pinepine i ka aquarium, kiaʻi i ke olakino o ka kānana a me ka aoter.

He leo maikaʻi ʻo Tetra von rio, he lei maikaʻi loa ia no nā poʻe hoʻomaka i loko o ka hale aku. Hoʻopuka koke ia i nā kūlana hou, ʻaʻole makemake i ka mālama kūikawā, ʻaʻole maʻi mai ka wā e mālama ana i ka ʻano o ka wai.

Hoʻoponopono maikaʻi i ke ʻano

Ua ʻōlelo maoli ʻia kahi moʻomeheu pilikino. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā wahine ma mua o nā kāne, ʻo ka lōʻihi o lākou ka 4.5 cm, ʻo ka nui o nā kāne, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, ʻaʻole eʻoi aku i ka 3,5 cm.

ʻOi aku ka ikaika o ka maka o nā kāne, ʻo ke kala ʻulaʻula i nā ʻala i lilo i piliki. Ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka lime anal e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i kahi kāwele i hala ʻole i ka wahine. ʻEleʻele nā ​​ʻōlelo o ke kuʻala o nā ventral i nā kāne, a ʻulaʻula ʻole ka hope o ka caudal, i ka wahine i ʻulaʻula ia.
Hoʻomaka mai ka makahiki ʻehā mau malama, hoʻomaka ka ʻōpū o ka wahine i waho, i nā pākeke he melemele-kālā.

Ka ʻike ʻole ʻana o nā ʻano loiloi i nā kūlana mālama a hānai e hiki ai i ka poʻe aquarist novice e mālama i ka iʻa.

Nā kūlana o ka paʻa tetra von rio maʻalahi: ʻo ka nui o ka nui o ka wai a hiki i ka 12dGH (i loko o kekahi mau puke ua kākau ʻia e pili ana i ka hiki ke mālama i ka iʻa i ka wai me ka paʻakikī a hiki i ka 25dGH), pH mai 5.8 a 7.8, ʻo ka ea wela loa ka 20-25 ° C (ka lōʻihi - 28 °, a me ka liʻiliʻi - 16 °).

Tetra von rio e nānā i nā kiʻekiʻe (a hiki i 60 sentimita) nā mea kanu, me nā māla lau o ka flora aquatic: pinnacle, wallisneria, nā pua o echinodorus liʻiliʻi, rotala a me ka ludwig.

Tetra von rio a i ka aquarium

I ka hoʻolololei ʻana i kahi pākali, pono e hāʻawi i nā wahi no ka lawaiʻa o ka iʻa i loko o ke ʻano o nā mea kanu i waena o nā mea kanu a ma mua o ke aniani ʻike.

I ka ʻikeʻana i ka mālamalama, ka ʻohana hipa o nā iʻa ʻokoʻa ma waena o 20 mau spimensia like me ka wikiwiki e neʻe ana i kahi wahi ʻula. He mea makemake ia e hoʻonani i nā kāne i kēlā hui, ʻoiai ua ʻoi aku ka nui o nā kāne.

Hoʻololi pinepine nā loli wai i ka wai ʻole i ka hopena o ka iʻa. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia e hoʻololi i ka 10-15% o ka nui me ka hoʻolapalapa hoʻokahi i hoʻokahi pule.

ʻOi aku ka nui o nā mea hoʻomoola kūwaho o ka wai i loko o ka wai, i hōʻoli ʻia e ka nui o nā mea kīnā ʻole, a he hopena maikaʻi ʻole i ka iʻa: lilo lākou i ka maluhia, ka nalo ʻana lākou i ka makemake, a me ka hoʻāʻo ʻana e hoʻokahe i ka wai.

E like me nā meaʻai liʻiliʻi ʻē aʻe. tetra von rio maluhia lākou a hiki ke noho i kahi kaiāulu me nā iʻa ʻē aʻe, nā haracin a me nā iʻa, nā cyprinids liʻiliʻi, a me nā cichlids ʻAmelika Hema.

Hoʻohui kūikawā tetra von rio e nānā i ka pā kula i kanu ʻia me ka lepo uliuli.

Tetra von rio a i ka aquarium

He hoihoi

Ma kahi o nā kāhiko kūlohelohe kūlohelohe, tetra von rio manaʻo o ke ʻano he mea no ke koho ʻana.

Tetra von rio Aia kēlā mau loko liʻiliʻi iʻa i kēia mau lā e hoʻopono pono ana i ka hopena hormonal i ka hoʻoili maikaʻi ʻana i nā maʻi cyprinids.

Hoʻokomo ʻia ka hoʻomākaukau kūpono me ka meaʻai a hoʻoilo ʻia paha i ka wai. Ke hopena o kēia hopena, ʻoi ke ʻano o ke ʻano o ka iʻa. Loaʻa i ka kala o nā ʻōpio i ka ikaika o ka spawning attire o ka iʻa e moe ai.

Me kahi hopena i ʻike ʻia, ʻaʻole kēia me nā drawbacks, no ka mea ua hoʻemi ʻia ka iʻa i hoʻolaʻa ʻia, a, ma muli o ke ʻano o ka nui o ka make. ʻAʻole pili ka hopena o ka hormonal i ka hana pilikino o ka iʻa, ka hana a nā mea hana a me ke ʻano o ka hua i ke ʻano like ma mua o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lāʻau.

Orange mutation tetra background rio

I nā kūlana kūpono o ka paʻa, me ke kukui kūpono, tetra von rio kūloko a me ke ʻole o ka "tinting".

I kēia mau makahiki i hala iho nei, ua puka mai ka mākeke no ka iʻa aku i ka iʻa ma o ka ʻenehana loea. ʻO ka mea kaulana loa o ka muteb zebrafish (ʻo ka ʻōpala coral zebrafish, a i ʻole Glo-Fish), oryzias (iʻa iʻa) “i manaʻo ʻia” i ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo, etc.

Me ke kōkua o nā biotechnologies like, kūkulu ʻia nā ʻano kala like hou. tetra von rio, kekahi i kapaia he tetra daiki. Ma kahi o ka māhele mua o ke kino, a hiki i ka dorsal fin, e kīloi me nā kala ʻoni-kala, ʻaʻohe ʻōmaʻomaʻoʻeleʻele i ke kino.

Loaʻa kēlā mau iʻa ma o ka hoʻopili ʻana i kā lākou genome he gin genin o kekahi mea olaola e like me ka jellyfish, anemones moana, a me nā holoholona ʻē aʻe.

Ka mea maoli kūʻokoʻa i nā kūlohelohe kūlohelohe e kū nei ma waena o nā poʻe me kahi pae chromosome like.

Hiki i ka genitation gen's hoʻololi ke hoʻololi i ke kala o ka iʻa, aʻo ka mālama ʻana i kāna hana. Eia kekahi, hiki ke loli nui ka hoʻololi i ke kala, a hiki i ka paleta ke kala ke waiwai nui, me ka ʻulaʻula, he uliuli, uliuli, violet, ka melemele a me nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o nā ikaika like ʻole.

ʻO ka lōʻihi, hiki i ka iʻa ʻaʻa mutated a i kā lākou hua me ke ʻano mua i hiki ke hāʻawi i nā hoʻohui i nā kala hou, a pēlā aku.

ʻO ka hana nui o ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka hana ma kēia kuhikuhi ke ʻano nui, e koi ana i ke ahonui a me ka pololei o ka aquarist.

Ke manaʻolana nei ka hiki ʻana mai o nā ʻano kala like ʻole tetra von rio e kōkua i ka hoʻonui hou ʻana i kēia ʻano.