ʻO ke kiʻi o kahi ʻaeto bald i hoʻonani i ka lole o nā hui a ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. Eia nō naʻe, ma ko mākou ʻāina, he kanalua ka manu nani hou a nani - ka manu mākaʻi o Steller. ʻO ka mea mua, ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o kona mau hoahānau i waho, a ʻo ka lua, i ka plumage o ka ʻaeto moana o Steller, ʻeleʻele a ʻulaʻula a i hoʻohui pū me ia.
Noho kahi e noho ai
ʻO ka ʻaeto o ka moku o Steller he hopena weliweli ʻo ka ʻImika mamao, ua kaʻi ʻia ma nā kapakai o ka moana ʻo Bering a me Okhotsk, ma ka hale o nā Amur, Kamchatka, ʻākau Sakhalin, Shantar a me Kuril Islands. Ua paʻa ka nui o kēia kēpau. Ke alakaʻi nei kekahi mau manu i kahi ʻano maʻamau, a hele kekahi i nā kahawai ma ka ʻaoʻao o ke kai i ka ʻaoʻao hema. I ka hoʻoilo, loaʻa kēia ʻano ma Kamchatka, Sakhalin, ma ke Teritori Khabarovsk, Primorye, North Korea a me Iapana (ma ka mokupuni o Hokkaido).
He aha nā mea like
ʻO ka ʻaeto moana o Steller kekahi o nā ʻelele ʻoi loa ʻo ia o kāna ʻano. Hiki i ka nui o kekahi poʻe ke piʻi i 9 kg. ʻO ka ʻokoʻa ka lōʻihi o ke kino ʻo 112 cm a ʻo nā ʻēheu he 68 cm ʻO ke kala nui o ka plumage he ʻeleʻele. ʻO ka maka wale nō, ke kua o ka ʻēheu, ʻilima a me ka huluhulu manu ma luna o nā ʻēheu ke keʻokeʻo. ʻAe, paʻakikī lākou e hoʻopili me nā manu ʻē aʻe! ʻO ka beak meloka ākea o nā ʻaeto moana o Steller i ākea loa. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, me kona mau puki, ʻo ia ka mea nui ma ka hopu. Kupe ʻia ia manu manu i ka wā i piha ai nā makahiki ʻekolu. ʻO nā mea ʻala a nā ʻōpiopio ʻōpiu a keu aku ia.
Ke noho maʻamau
Noho ka ʻōiwi a Steller i kahakai o ke kai, nui ʻia i nā ululāʻau, lalo o nā muliwai a me nā loko o nā loko e kokoke i ke kai. ʻO ke ʻano pono o kona nohona kahi e loaʻa ai nā loko iʻa a me nā kumulāʻau manu e kūkulu ai nā manu i kā lākou mauʻu.
Nā lele a kā Steller i ka lele
Kūkulu nā ʻele a ko Steller i kā lākou mau ʻuʻuku nui loa ma kahi kiʻekiʻe o 7 a 20 mm mai ka lepo. He anawaena o ka papahele he 1.5 m, a ʻo kona kiʻekiʻe he 1 m. ʻO ke ʻano o ka nū i loaʻa i nā lālā maloʻo maloʻo (maʻamau larch), a ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ke kahelehe me nā lau a me nā kumu o nā lāʻau kanu o ka makahiki i hala. I ka awelika, hoʻohana ʻia kahi pūnana no ʻelima a ʻeono makahiki. ʻO ka lōʻihi ka ʻike he 15 mau makahiki. I kēlā me kēia makahiki, hoʻopā nā manu i kā lākou ʻuʻuku a hoʻopiha iā lākou inā pono. Loaʻa i hoʻokahi mau hiona i hoʻokahi a hoʻohana lākou iā lākou.
ʻO ka ʻaʻe nui o ka moku o Steller e hopu pinepine ana i ka pio, ke lele ʻana ma luna o ka ʻili o ka wai a i ʻole ke kahiki ʻana, e noho ana ma kahi ʻāpana a ma luna o ka pōhaku. Hoʻomaka ka huli ʻana me kahi lele Patrol: kahi manu ma luna o ka wai i hoʻākāka ʻia i nā pōʻai me ke anawaena o 500–800 m ma kahi kiʻekiʻe o 20-40 m. Loaʻa iā ia ka iʻa, e iho ana ka eʻe ma o ka alaloa hoʻohaʻahaʻa a hoʻāʻo e hopu i kāna waiwai. I kekahi mau hihia, ua hopu ka manu i ka ʻai ma ka ʻimi mua, akā ʻoi aku ka nui o nā mea (a ʻumi) i hoʻolei i mua o ka mana o ka hopu ʻana i ka waiwai pio.
ʻO ke kauwela kauwela, e hānai nui ana ka manu ʻaila o Stlerer i ka salona Far Eastern: ka saloni pink, salum chum, sockeye salmon a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. No laila, i ka hoʻoilo ma Primorye, eʻai ʻo ia i nā mea ʻai i nā pā holoholona, ʻai i nā mea kanu ʻai, a me nā pā kanu holoholona.
Ua ʻike ʻia ma ka noho pio ʻana ua ola kēia mau manu a hiki i 44 makahiki.
ʻAno hānau
I nā makahiki he ʻehā paha mau makahiki, ʻāpana nā manu. Ma ka noho pio ʻana a i ka nahele, ʻo ka ʻalāʻau o Steller e hana i nā pōkole hoʻokahi a no ke ola. He mea kupaianaha paha ia i ka wā hāʻule, i ka wā i hele ai ka koho o kahi hoa hana, kūkulu nā manu i kahi ʻatikala i kahi o lākou, ʻaʻole naʻe lākou e hānai. ʻO kēia he ʻano hopena o ka hulu manu, no ka mea e hoʻomaka lākou e hoʻohua i ka hua i nā makahiki ʻehiku a ʻehiku.
I loko o ka paʻi ʻia aia mai kahi hoʻokahi a ʻekolu mau huaʻai, kahi nui i hoʻopili ʻia e ka wahine no nā lā 36 mau lā. ʻAi nā mākua i nā ʻoki pipi ʻelua a ʻehā mau manawa i ka lā. ʻO kēia ʻōpio, ʻoi aku ka haʻalele ʻana o ka hanu manu a Steller e ʻike ʻia i ka hopena o Iulai - i ka hoʻomaka o ʻAukake
Kamaaina
Ma kahi o 500 mau pālua i kime ma Kamchatka, ma kahi o 400 o nā huina ma ka Pae o Amur Region, a ma kahi o 100 i neʻe ma Sakhalin.
ʻO kēia mea kaila nani nui i ka hoʻoilo ma Kamchatka i make i ka luhi, ma Northern Sakhalin, ua ʻānai ʻia nā ʻili enaena i kona mau ʻuʻuku. Eia kekahi, ua pepehi ʻia ka masonry ma muli o ka wānana o nā ʻāʻī uliuli a me nā sables. Aia kekahi mau ʻike hoʻopiʻi ʻike i ka wā e kiʻi ʻia ai nā manu makua no ka hana ʻana i nā holoholona i kālai ʻia, a lawe ʻia nā pipi mai nā nests no ko lākou pio ʻana. Ma Iapana, lilo nā manu i ka mea ʻala o ka lāʻau.
He hoihoi
He mea nui ia no ka hōʻike mua o ka ʻike kālā ma kēia mau ʻano mea i Europa e ka naturist o ka holo mua ʻana o Kamchatka, ʻo George Steller. ʻO ia ke kumu inoa inoa Pelekane o ka manu a Stell e pili ana i ka aeto "Stell's eagle." Ua kapa ʻo ia i ke kala o kēia ʻaeto magpie. ʻOiaʻiʻo, me ka maka maka hiki ke ʻike i ke ʻano o ke kala o ka aeto o Steller i ke ʻano o ka plumage o ka pahie.
Kahi helu
Aupuni: holoholona (Animalia)
ʻAno: chordates (Chordata).
ʻAeke manu (Aves).
Kaulana: ʻO Falconiformes (Falconiformes).
Kāohana: Hawk (Accipitridae).
Kāhea: ʻaeto (Haliaeetus).
Nānā: ʻO ka ʻaeto kūlohelohe o Steller (Haliaeetus pelagicus).
Hoonikau o ka noho
Noho ka mākaʻi o Steller i ka Kamchatka Peninsula a me ke kahakai o ka Moana o Okhotk. He mea maʻamau kēia mau manu ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o ke Koryak Highlands, ma ke kahawai ʻo Penzhina. Eia kekahi, ʻike ʻia kēia mau manu ma ka palena o lalo o ka ʻAmur, ma ka ʻākau o Sakhalin, ma nā Mokuna ʻo Kuril a me Korea. ʻE lele pinepine ka lele a Steller i ʻAmelika ʻAmelika, Iapana a me Keʻāina o Kina. Eia nō naʻe, ma waho o ka palena o Lūkia, kahi e ʻike ʻia ai ka mea wali a ka Pākīpika i ka wā o ka hoʻoilo ma ka hoʻoilo.
ʻO nā manu manu i hū ʻia ma ka ʻāina o ka Lūkini Lūkini, hele nā ʻōlima hanana he ʻelua a he mau pūʻulu liʻiliʻi ʻelua i ka makahiki - mai Malaki a hiki i ka hopena o ʻOkakopa. I ka hoʻoilo-hoʻoilo hoʻoilo, noho nā ʻaeto i nā kai o ke kai, a lele liʻiliʻi a lele i loko o nā taiga.
Nā ʻōkelē a Steller i ka lewa. Hoʻoniʻu ʻo ka ʻaleke a Steller i loko.
Kāleka
Hiki i ka hapa nui o nā aeto i ka lōʻihi o 115 cm, a ua lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o ka ʻēheu ma waena o 57-69 cm, ua ʻoi aku ka nui o nā ʻēheu ma mua o 250 cm. ʻO ke kaumaha o ka pākeke ʻōiwi i hilinaʻi ʻia i ka wahine, no laila ke kaupaona ʻana o ke kaumaha o ke kāne ma ka average 77.5 kg, a ʻo nā wahine 8 -9, ua kaupaona kekahi o nā "kaikamahine" ma luna o 12 kg.
I nā kala o ka plumage o nā pākeke kahiko, ua hui pū ʻia ka ʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele a me ke keʻokeʻo, ʻokoʻa pinepine i nā manu me nā kala polū ʻulaʻula hoʻokahi. E kue aku ana i ka manu ka nui o nā hulu, ka pua keʻokeʻo ma luna o nā ʻēheu, kū ka ʻili keokeo keʻokeʻo e like me kahi mālamalama, ke kihi o ka manu a me ka plumage o ka tibia i ʻāpana ia i ka like like (like me ka manu ke ʻano o nā "ʻalani keʻokeʻo"). Kuhi ʻia kēia kapa i nā manu ʻoi aku 4-5 mau makahiki.
Hoʻopili ʻia ke ʻano o nā ʻōpio ʻōpiopio o ka Pākīpika i kahi kala kala polike me ke kumu lāʻau māmā.
Kūpono ka papahele a me ka pīhoihoi o ka manu ma kahi kūpaʻa kūpaʻa e pili ana i ke kua o ka plumage - he aniani lākou, pihi ka ʻulaʻula, a me ke ʻano ikaika o nā kīwaha ikaika a kūpaʻa ʻia i ka hopena o nā wāwae, me nā māla kūikawā no ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka waiwai.
Hoʻohana ʻia ka sexororism i ka plumage a ke hōʻike ʻia nei ma ka ʻano nui o ka manu. Hoʻomaka ka hana ʻana ma ka ʻaeto ma waena o Mei a hoʻomau a hiki i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ʻOkakopa. Hoʻopili pinepine ʻia nā hulu liʻiliʻi me nā hulu nui.
Piko o ka ʻElia ʻOle. Hōʻailona o ka ʻaeto moana o Steller. Nā ʻelee kūlohelohe o Steller i ka lewa. Aeto ʻōlehewa o Steller. Aeto ʻōlehewa o Steller.
ʻAiʻai a me ka Kaʻi
No kona nohona, koho ke manu i ka palena o nā kahawai me nā ululāʻau a me nā kahakai o ke kai, hiki iā lākou ke noho i nā kahakai o nā loko nui, i nā mokupuni a me nā pali i nā awāwa wai. ʻAʻole kēia mau manu i nā mea ʻike nocturnal; akā hana wale nō lākou i ke ao.
ʻAʻole nā neʻe a ka Pākīpika i nā poʻe minamina, akā he mau mea momona maikaʻi - ʻai wale nō lākou i ka mea pono ola. ʻO ka iʻa nui a i ka ʻai nui e ʻai i ka meaʻai, hāʻawi lākou i ka makemake i ka ʻai salmon, a ʻo nā manu ʻē ʻole hoʻi i hoʻowahāwahā i nā mammals - hares, nā ʻalopelo arctic, nā silaʻi liʻiliʻi. Hiki i nā kaikunāne hulu hipa ke lilo i mea pio o ka ʻaeto, pinepine ka capercaillie, nā ʻāpana wā, nā duck a me nā gull ka hopu i kahi kanaka. ʻO kekahi manawa kekahi i ʻai manu i nā invertebrates moana - nā kapuahi a me nā mollusks. Loaʻa loa ʻia ka Carrion i ka ʻai ʻana a nā manu.
Holo kēia mau manu e like me nā aristocrats maoli. I ka wā mua, ʻōlehu nani lākou i luna o ke kai, e ʻimi ana i kahi ʻai no lākou iho, ke ʻike koke ʻia, lele koke ke manu i lalo i ka wai, hopu i kā lākou wai a lele koke. Hiki i ka manu ke hoʻopaʻa i kahi iʻa e kaupaona ana i ka 4 kg me kona mau ʻaoʻao. ʻO ka mea kupaianaha ka mea, no ka nui o kona kupanaha, ʻaʻole hiki i ka ʻolika ke hele, a laila, iho ʻia ia ma kahi parabola, hoʻolālā, hoʻolālā ʻana i ka lewa, hiki ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia kona hina me ka lele o kahi lau hāʻule. ʻAi ka ʻaeto i kāna mea ʻai me ka pale ʻole, ua wāwahi me ka pahaki ikaika, a me ka palau a me nā iwi.
Hoʻouka ʻia ʻo ka ʻaeto moku o Steller. ʻO ka ʻaeto moana o Steller me ka mea pio. Holoi ka ʻeke a ka moku ʻO Steller i ka iʻa. ʻO ka ʻōpū lawaiʻa o Steller e "kohi" i ka iʻa i kiola ʻia iā ia, Vladivostok. Nā māka lawaiʻa a Steller i kahi iʻa.
ʻAʻole hiki i nā ʻāpana nunui ke noho ka manu i loko o ka lewa he lōʻihi, me ke ʻano he kānāwai, ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ka manawa o ka lele ma kahi o 30 mau minuke i kēlā me kēia lā. ʻO kēia ʻano hiʻohiʻona e hoʻoholo i kahi o ka noho o ka manu ma ke kahakai o ke kai i hiki ai ke loaʻa koke i ka ʻai.
He ʻenemi kūloko a ka ʻewa o Steller - kēia mau mea keu, nā ʻōpala a me nā bea.