Ma ka papa inoa IUCN Red, ua loaʻa i ka Red-breasted Goose kahi kūlana o kahi ʻano manu e kū nei i ka pau piha. Aia nō hoʻi nā ʻano pili i nā ʻano kūpono i loko o ka Red Book of Russia. Eia kekahi, pale ʻia ka Goose Goose e nā ʻatikala a nā ʻoihana honua: ʻo ka Convention on International Trade i Endangered Species o Wild Fauna a me Flora (CITES II), a me nā Annexes i ka Berne a Bonn Convention.

ʻO kekahi o nā kahu honu, nui a me nā wahi hoʻoilo i kau wahi i mālama ʻia ma nā wahi i mālama ʻia (Taimyr Nature Reserve a me kekahi o nā mea mālama kūloko.
Loaʻa i ka lehelehe Red-throated i ke kūlana o nā holoholona i hoʻopilikia ʻia ma ka luku ʻana i ka hōʻemi nui ʻana i ka nui o ka hapa i ka hapalua o ka makahiki 20, i ka 20 wale nō makahiki a waena i waena o nā makahiki. ua emi iho ia mai 50 000 a 22227000 kanaka, ʻoi aku ma mua o 40%. I kēia manawa, ua hoʻomau nā mea āpau a ua manaʻo ʻia ma ka 30-35 tausani kanaka.

Nānā a me ke kāne

ʻO nā kumu nui no ka hōʻemi nui ʻana i ka nui o ka soose goose e pili nui ana i ka hopena pololei a ʻaʻole ʻole i ka hopena o ka anthropogen, me ka hiki a me ka hana ʻana o kahi kanaka. ʻO kekahi kumu nui i kapa ʻia e nā poʻe loea i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ʻĀpana: ʻo ka ʻimi ʻana a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka mahi aila a me nā kīhāpai a me kēia ʻike, ʻo ka hoʻohana ikaika ʻana o nā ʻano mea hana (seaplanes, nā helikopa, nā kaʻa holoʻokoʻa āpau). ʻO ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ke kūkulu ʻana a me ka mākaʻikaʻi ma nā wahi o ka hoʻoilo a me ka hoʻomaha ʻana o nā manu i ka wā o ka neʻe ʻana e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka hopena o ke ʻano hoʻohālikelike, a me kekahi manawa, hoʻonāukiuki i ka kuahiwi o ka ʻāina ʻo ka nui.

Ua hana nui ʻia ka hana maikaʻi ʻana e ka poaching, ʻo ia hoʻi ma nā wahi hoʻoilo. Ma kēia hiʻohiʻona, ma ka ʻaoʻao o Azerbaijan, a ma ke kikowaena ʻo Kyzylagach, kahi i hoʻomāloe ʻia ai ka nui o ke kuʻi Goose, he nui o kēia mau mea nani a maikaʻi loa ka pana.
Ma waena o nā mea kūlohelohe kūlohelohe e pili ana i nā pūnaewele hana liʻiliʻi, hiki i ka mea ke hōʻemi i ka helu ʻana i ka helu o nā pore i nā mea kuʻuna i ka tundra. komo ka ʻenemi, ka luku ʻana i kā lākou ʻuʻuku.

ʻO ka hana koʻikoʻi i ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka helu o kēia mau kuena i hoʻokani ʻia e ko lākou hopu ʻana no nā zoos. Ua ʻimi loa ia nā manu a pau i kēia mau manu nani i kā lākou ʻohi. Aia kekahi hihia maopopo i ka wā i hāʻawi ʻia ai ke aupuni o India i kahi elepona India no ke pākiha pāhala ʻulaʻula pālua.

Eia nō naʻe, ua kōkua ka hana a ke kanaka e hoʻopakele i ka goose-pale umauma, mahalo ʻia i ka holomua o kēia mau manu i ka noho pio ʻana. No ka manawa mua, loaʻa i ka noho pio ʻana i ʻEnelani ma 1926 i ka Waterfowl Trust kaulana, i hana ʻia e ka mea kaulana nui ʻo Sir Peter Scott ma Slimbridge. I ka makahiki 1958–59 he pā I kēia manawa, pōmaikaʻi ka pipi ʻōmaʻomaʻo manuahi i nā zoos a me nā kahu hānai ma ka honua.
ʻAʻole wale ka ʻike poʻomanaʻo wale nō, akā ʻo ka kūleʻa o ka mea kiaʻi i hoʻoholo i ke koho ʻana o ka puʻu ʻulaʻula ulaula e hōʻailona ana i ka ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa 18th i hoʻokumu ʻia ma Moscow i ka makahiki 1982. ʻO ke ʻano o kēia mōʻolelo - he puʻu lele wao i holo mai nei ma ke kua o ka honua - i hoʻokumu ʻia e Sir Peter Scott. Mai ka wā mai, ʻo ka hulu ʻulaʻula i lilo ai i mau hiʻohiʻona o nā Lūkulu Ornithological Lūkini.

Kāleka

Hiki mai ka inoa mai ka waihoʻoluʻu o kona ʻāpana ʻokoʻa, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka waiho ʻia ʻana o ke kala o nā manu i hoʻomalu ʻia e nā ʻāpana uliuli-ʻeleʻele a me ka ʻeleʻele. Mai kona mau wāwae a me kona beak, he ʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele monochrome, akā ʻo kona mau ʻaoʻao, ʻōpū a me nā ʻēheu iʻoi aku ka māmā o ka plumage color, e pili kokoke ana i nā kala kaomi hina a ʻeleʻele. He kūlike loa nā mele me nā wahine, akā, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, ka ʻona o nā kāne o ka laina kāne i ka wahine i ʻokoʻa a nui ka palahalaha keʻokeʻo ʻē aʻe a puni ka ʻāʻī.

ʻO ka paona o ka manu makua he 1.5 ka 2.2 kg, ʻo ka lōʻihi o ke kino o ka pākeke ʻaʻole ka lōʻihi ma mua o 64 cm. Me kēlā nui liʻiliʻi kino, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā ʻēheu i ka nui. No ka pili pū ʻole me nā ʻōmole ākea, ua noʻonoʻo pono ka ʻia i ka manu liʻiliʻi loa o kāna ʻano.

Na palapala kapu

ʻEkolu mau māka e ʻike ʻia o ka ʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele. ʻAʻole ʻokoʻa ʻokoʻa o ko lākou helehelena, akā aia nā mea ponoʻī o ke kala me kahi ʻano kino like ʻole.

• Brаnta bernicla hrota - ʻōpū mālamalama ʻulaʻula me ka ʻūnihi pale a me nā hulu keʻokeʻo.
• Brаnta bernicla nigriсns - ka ʻōpū o nā ʻelele o kēia subspecies i ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele.
• Brаnta bernicla - pili ka ʻokoʻa i ka leo māmā o ka plumage.

Nā hiʻohiʻona a me ke ʻano

Pākuʻi manu manu o kēia ʻano i ke ʻano monogamous. Pili ka poʻeʻelemakule i ka kikoʻī o ke koho ʻana i kā lākou kime. Ke koho wale nei kēia mau anseriformes i hoʻokahi mau manawa i ko lākou ola a hoʻokumu i kahi ʻohana ma ke ʻano mau. E hoʻomau i nā pilina i kapa ʻia nā manu, ka hana ʻana a nā manu i kēlā me kēia makahiki i ka aʻi, a i ʻole nā ​​hanana, i loaʻa ke ʻano o kahi posture maʻamau (pose). ʻO ka nui o nā pose ma luna nei he 6-11 ʻano. ʻO kēia hiʻohiʻona hoihoi i ka wahine a kau i kona nānā i kāna mea i koho ʻia. ʻO ka huli ʻana no ka hoa hana i hiki koke i ka manawa ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hele.

He manu lele manuahi ka Black Goose, akā i ka manawa o ka māla ʻana i hana ai lākou e hoʻopiha i ka wahi a me ka hoʻonui i kā lākou keiki. He ʻano kolone nā kaia ʻona a loaʻa i ka hapa nui ma nā kapakai kahakai, kokoke i nā waha wai, i ka pali o nā loko a me nā ʻāpana tundra. ʻOluʻolu kēia mau manu i ka pili ʻana i ka wai, akā aia nā hihia i ka wā e hū ai nā holoholona i ka hua a i ka hohonu o ka tundra (hiki i 10 km a i ka umauma o ka ʻāina).

Hoʻaiho

Kōkua ka ʻūkena kikowaena i kahi kūʻono i kahi anuanu. Mai ka mōʻaukala o nā neʻe a me nā makemake, ʻae lākou i ke kapakai komohana o Komohana Komohana. Ma keʻano kūikawā, ua koho ʻia lākou e Kelemānia, Denemaka a me ka Netherlands. Ke kino Vranta bernisla hrota Ua ʻike lōʻihi ʻo ia ma ka ʻāpana o ka Russian Federation, akā ma muli o ka emi ʻana o ka heluna kanaka (ma kahi o 1000 mau kanaka), aia kēia subspecies i ka papa wāwahi a ua kākau ʻia nei i loko o ka Red Book.

ʻO ka hana a me ka ponoʻai

Ma hope o ka hui ʻana a me ka hōʻoia ʻana o ka papa hana, hoʻomaka ka mākele. Hoʻomaka ka hoʻomaka ma ka lā mua o Iune a hala ka 3 mau mahina. Hoʻomaka nā manu manuahi i ka hanana hoʻokolokolo, ka mea i lawe i nā poses e hoihoi i ka hoihoi. ʻO ka ʻekena, hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka ʻae, ke paʻa ʻana i ka hui, he ʻauʻau lawena. ʻOiai ʻo ka monogamy o nā pilina ma waena o nā manu o kēia ʻano, e hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia ka hana i kēlā me kēia makahiki.

E hoʻopiha i ka manu o ka manu, hoʻohana lākou i ka moss, ka hulu, kahe, nā mea kokoke i ka lau a me ka waiho ʻana ma ke ʻano he ala liʻiliʻi i loaʻa kahi nūnū liʻiliʻi me kahi kaʻo o ka lula a me ka lula. Aia ka pili ma nā wahi kokoke i nā kino wai. No hoʻokahi hua-waiho kau, ua hana nā kaila i nā hua he 3-5, ʻokoʻa a ʻimi pinepine ʻo 5-7 mau hua. I ka wā hatching, e mau ana ma kahi o 24-26 mau lā, e like me ʻo ka ʻoki ʻana o nā moa i hiki i ka manawa like, ʻaʻole waiho ke kāne i ka wahine. Mālama ʻo ia a pale iā ia, e kōkua ana iā ia e ʻai ʻai i kēia manawa.

Ma hope o ka hānau ʻia ʻana o nā moa, hele pū nā mākua me kā lākou hakakā ʻana no ka mea ʻaʻole waiho ka ʻohana i ka honu iā lākou iho, no ka mea, ma hope o 2-3 mau hola wale nō ua hiki i ka moa ke hana i kēia mele. ʻO nā pāpaka chicks ma ka fluff anuʻu ʻulaʻula hina. Ma hope o kekahi manawa (maʻamau mau a ʻelua a ʻekolu paha lā), hoʻihoʻi nā mākua i kā lākou keiki i ka punawai wai hou e kokoke loa ana, a lilo lākou i home ma kahi kokoke. ʻO ka mālama ʻokoʻa ma hope o ka huki ʻana o nā moa i mau aono mau pule. I kēia manawa, mālama nā mākua a hānai i kā lākou keiki. Ma hope o kēia manawa, haʻalele ka kāne i kā lākou wahine, e hoʻonohonoho pono i kā lākou ʻohana. Hiki i nā wahine me nā moa ke hoʻohui i kā lākou mau hui i loko o kahi ʻohana wehe.

I ka manawa o ka manawa, hoʻomaka ka molting i ka pākeke, a nalowale lākou i ka hiki ke lele, kahi māla hou e nānā ʻia e ka neʻe o ka hāʻule. ʻO nā holoholona ʻōpio, ma kekahi ʻaoʻao, e hoʻowalewale i ka hāʻule i ka hāʻule a noho i ka plumage wale nō i ka hoʻoilo hoʻoilo mua. ʻO kēlā mau kānaka no kahi kumu ʻole o ka hilahila ʻole ʻia e hoʻopaʻa pū ʻia ʻana i nā ʻohana kaawale mai nā manu makua a ola i ke kaʻina molting.

Aia ma lalo o ka ulu ʻana o ka ʻōpio i ka wā lōʻihi a haʻalele lākou i ka ʻohana wale nō i ka wā e hiki mai ana, e hoʻokuʻu i nā mākua mai kā lākou kuleana i ka mālama ʻana i nā hua o kēia manawa. ʻAʻole hiki i nā keiki ke hoʻomau koke i kā lākou ʻano, no ka mea ua loaʻa i ka ulu hope ʻana o nā pēpē ma hope o hoʻokahi makahiki wale nō.

ʻO ka ʻai o nā ʻelele o nā ʻano Kazarka ʻeleʻele nona ka mauʻu mauʻu, mosses, mollusks, lichens a me nā mea kanu kai. Kūlike ka papa ʻaina i ka manawa o ka makahiki e like me kēia mau kuhikuhi:

• I ke kauwela ua ʻai lākou i nā forbs, mollusks.
• I ka pūnāwai a me ka ʻālaʻi, ʻo ka palu ma nā palu ke kōkala i ke meaʻai.
• ʻO ka hoʻoilo, ua ʻele nā ​​hapa o ka meaʻai a no ka hapa nui ka lau ʻana i ke kai.

ʻOiaʻiʻo ʻO ka mōʻī

Nui nā pilikia e pili ana i kēia mau manu - mai nā gull a me nā iʻa i nā ʻalopoi arctic a me nā bea polar. ʻAʻohe huna a nā huluhulu a me nā ʻīlio manuua a me ka ʻaihue o nā moa. I ko lākou huli ʻana, ʻaʻole i mamao loa nā nūhou i nā nalo o nā manu nui e mālama ai i ka hua. Hoʻopili kēia ma o nā ponebo peregrine, nā ʻāne a me nā makana. Holo kēia mau manu i kahi lōʻihi o kā lākou mau hihiu, a ʻo nā mea ʻē aʻe e hoʻokokoke ʻole ai lākou e hoʻokokoke aku i ka noho ʻana o nā manu o ka nui o ka manu, a no laila, me nā wahi kūpono o kā lākou pūnana e hoʻopaʻa pono ai no kā lākou mamo.

ʻO ka mea kaumaha, ʻaʻole ia ka hūnā ʻia o ka masonry a i ʻole ka pale i hāʻawi ʻia e hiki ke hōʻoia i ka pale piha o ka nano. Inā ʻike ʻia ka ʻenemi, hana nā kao i ka pale, hoʻokuʻi i kona ʻāʻī i mua, wehe i kona mau ʻūhā a hoʻomaka i kāna mau makaʻu, akā naʻe ʻaʻole kēia e kōkua i nā manu e hoʻopakele i kā lākou hua.

Kamaaina

ʻO ka helu o nā kaila ʻeleʻele i ko mākou manawa e pili ana i ka 450-500 tausani kanaka. ʻO ke kumu nui o ka emi ʻana o ko lākou lehulehu ka mea i noʻonoʻo ʻia ka make nui o ka ʻai kai hoʻoilo nui o ka geese, ʻo ia ka lau nahele o Zoster.

ʻO ka hoʻololi ʻana a me ka loli anthropogenic o nā nohona ma ʻEulopa, he mea nui ia i ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka nui o nā ʻano ʻano. Mālama ʻia ka Black Goose Brenta bernicla hrota ma ʻEulopa a ma ka lele ʻia ma Rusia. ʻO ke ʻano ola e kū nei i kēia manawa, kahi i ka hoʻoneʻe ʻia o ka kaiāulu, ka lawaiʻa o ka poʻe noho no ka ʻimi ʻana i ka hua, e hoʻopili kino ʻia i ka ʻ Gopī Hēleʻele

Ke komo nei i ka ʻehina ʻeleʻele i ka Puke Hoʻopili e pili ana i ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana o nā holoholona hihiu a me ka hūnā ʻana i nā pihi. Hoʻopau ka kuʻuna kuʻe i ka hoʻoilo ma ke Kaukau, kahi a ka poʻe i hana ai i ka ʻimi ʻana i ka anseriformes e kōkua pū i ka luku.

ʻOiaʻiʻo, ua lawe ʻia nā hana e mālama ai i nā ʻano. Ma nā wahi noho o nā kanaka, a ma nā wahi o ko lākou neʻe ʻana, ua hoʻokomo ʻia nā kūlana o nā mālama. Aia hoʻi ka pāpā i ka hopu ʻana i kēia ʻano. ʻO ka hui pū ʻana o kēia mau ana, he mea kōkua i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka nui o nā helu pilikino, akā ua liʻiliʻi nō hoʻi a ʻaʻole hiki ke hōʻoia piha i ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ka heluna kanaka. Eʻoluʻolu a hilinaʻi nā manu ʻo ia, a e pili pū ana hoʻi i ko lākou lehulehu.

ʻAʻole maʻalahi ka ʻese o ka Geese i kahi anuanu wela, ʻaʻole pono lākou i kahi ʻaina wela, akā hiki ke hoʻopiʻi ʻia ka pākuʻi e hōʻoluʻolu lākou i ka wā hoʻoilo. ʻO Geese, e like me ka geese, maʻalahi maʻalahi i ka pio. He manōna lākou i ka pili o nā manu ʻē aʻe e like me nā duck, the geese and swans. A e like me nā anseriformes ʻē aʻe, pono lākou i ka komo ʻana i ka reservoir ma ke kumu mau, ʻoi aku ka mea e hoʻolako ʻia ka aviary me kahi waihona kō no 20% o ka nui o ka nui. Eia kekahi, i mālama ʻia i loko o kahi aviary, pono ia e hoʻopiha me ka ʻai, ʻo ka mauʻu i kahe ʻole o ka 7,5 cm.

Ke mālama nei i nā manu i ka peni, pono ke kī ʻia ka ʻai o ka kuʻuna i ka meaʻai o ka mea kanu, algae. Pono ka papa kaiʻai i nā hua ʻai me nā hua ʻai i ka wai (ʻoi aku lākou makemake i ka ʻai), a e pono ai ka hua ʻōlelo kō i nā hua liʻiliʻi. Hoʻohana ʻia nā koina a me nā ʻano mea kanu i makemake ʻia no nā hens a me nā wai wai e hānai i ka meaʻai nui.

Hiki ke hana maoli i ka hana hou a ma o ka hoʻohana ʻana o incubators. I ka wā hana moe, ka pulu i ka pālua i ka māla ʻokoʻa (no ka mea ʻaʻohe ala o nā manu ʻē) no ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ke kāne male i loko o kēia manawa.

Luʻi

Luʻi
Kahi ʻano ʻepekema

• Rufibrenta ruficollis

ʻO Cossack ʻulaʻula ulaula (lat. Branta ruficollis) - kahi wai wai wai mai ka ʻohana ducks. Ua like ke helehelena like me kahi kuʻekuʻe liʻiliʻi me ka lei ʻāʻī a me kahi kakā pōkole. ʻAno ke kala a hoʻokaʻawale, a hui pū me ka ʻōneka-ʻulaʻula, keʻokeʻo a me nā ʻono ʻeleʻele. ʻO kahi ʻano līlī e haki ana i ka tundra ma ka'āpana o Rūsia, ma mua hoʻi i Taimyr a me nā wahi e kokoke ana. ʻO nā wili i ka ʻaoʻao komohana o ke Komohana Hema, ʻaoʻao o Caspian hema. Mālama ʻo ia i nā mea kanu mea kanu - nā pua o nā lau o ka mauʻu, i ka wā hoʻoilo a me ka neʻe ʻana i ka lā - ma nā mea kanu i ke kumu pāpaʻi a me nā paʻakai paʻakai, nā ʻāpana ephemeral, nā ʻāpana hoʻoilo. Nives hoʻokahi makahiki i ka mahina o Iune - Iulai, ma loko o ka hua 3-9. Hoʻonohonoho maikaʻi a paʻa ʻia. Aia ia ma lalo o ka palekana o ka International Book a me ka regional, ua hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o kahi nui o ka hoʻokaho o ka honua i ka mālama ʻana i ka kūlohelohe. Hōʻalo wale i kahi kuʻuna i nā wahi a pau.

Manaʻo

He mau ʻōpio nui nā ʻōnaʻi ʻōlima i waena o lākou, ʻo ia hoʻi, i ka wā e pae ana ma luna o ka wai a lawe aku, hana lākou i nā leo nui ke hiki ke lohe ʻia ma kahi mamao loa. Ua ho'ākāka ʻia ka leo o kēia manu me ka hoʻōho a me ka moʻo a me ka croaking haʻahaʻa, ke hoʻomanaʻo ʻana i nā hiō o kahi aika ʻulaʻula a i ʻole keʻokeʻo paha, akā ʻoi loa a me ka puʻu "tin" ʻala - "givva, givva". Eia kekahi, hoʻokuʻi ka manu i kekahi ʻano mele nona.

Nā kikowaena waena

The Go-throated Goose, an endemic of Russia, nests on a little area in the moss-lichen and shrub tundra mai Yamal hikina a i nā ʻaoʻao komohana o ka Khatanga basin (Khatanga Bay a me ka Lāpule ʻo Popigay River). ʻO ka hapanui o ka heluna nui, ma kahi o 70%, e ʻālikelike ʻia ma ka Semana ʻo Taimyr, ma nā ʻāpana nunui o nā kahawai ʻo Pyasina lāua ʻo Upper Taimyr. Ma Gydan a me Yamal, nui nā pūnaewele liʻiliʻi, ʻike ʻia nā kaila i ka wailele 20-kilomita ma ka ʻaoʻao o Yuribey, hoʻokahi haneli mau ʻākau ma ka ʻaoʻao o Lake Yaroto, i nā kīnaha o nā kahawai Gyda a me Yesyakha.

ʻO ka hoʻoilo hoʻoilo

Hōʻike maʻamau migratory. I kēia manawa, aia nā kikowaena o ka hoʻoilo ma ke komohana ʻākau a me ke komohana o ka ʻenehina ʻĀpika: ma nā kaona Shablensky a me Durankulashsky ma Bulgaria, ka laʻa o nā loko a me nā lagoons Razelm a me ka Danube Delta ma Romania, ka mōʻaukala o Dobruja ma ka ʻāina o kēia mau moku ʻelua, ma nā wahi liʻiliʻi i Greece. Eia naʻe, ʻike nui ka hoʻoilo nui ma kēia mau wahi i ka manawa ʻelua, i ka lua o ka kenekulia 20. Ma mua o kēia, neʻe nui ka poʻe kuʻuna i nā kahakai o ka ʻaoʻao hema o ke Kai Caspian - a hiki iā Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan a me Iran, a i nā kahakai ʻākau o ke Kaiakani. Wahi a nā hoʻokalakupua o nā makahiki 1950, a hiki i ka 60 tausani mau manu i noho ma ka Caspian. Ma kahi kokoke i ka ʻāina o Kyzylagach Reserve ma Azerbaijan i ka makahiki 1967, ua kokoke a 24 tausani nā kānaka hoʻoilo, akā, i kēlā makahiki aʻe he ʻano nui, hiki i ka hapalua o ka heluna holoʻokoʻa, e neʻe ana i ke Kai ʻeleʻele i kākau ʻia.I kēia mau makahiki i hala iho nei, he mau wahi mokulele wale nō kēia mau manu i ʻike ma ke ao Caspian. ʻO ka hope, ʻoiai i ka hopena o ka makahiki 1970, ua hoʻomaka kekahi wahi liʻiliʻi o ka kaena i ka hoʻoilo ma ka Far East ma ka Yangtze River Basin ma Kina. Ke manaʻoʻiʻo ʻia nei kahi mau subspecies kūikawā o ke kuihi, ʻike ʻia e nā ʻāpana ʻulaʻula, i hoʻoilo ʻia ma ka Nile Delta - ua ʻike ʻia kēia mau kiʻi e nā kiʻi he nui ma nā fresco no ka wā kahiko.

Nā Moho

ʻO ka hele mua ʻana o ka wai ma mua o ka mau kuikani, noho nō nā manu i nā wahi i hūnā ʻia i ka hapa mua o Iune, i ka wā e kūpaʻa ai nā lau ʻōpala uliuli ma nā puʻu i hoʻokuʻu ʻia mai ka hau. I ka hiki ʻana o ka pūnāwai, e mālama nā manu i nā liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi o nā manu 3-15 a, i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i nā kuʻuna, ʻaʻole i hana i kahi ʻōnaehana kime. Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ke ala no ka neʻe ʻana i ka ʻaoʻao ʻelua: mai ke kūkulu ʻākau a i ke hema a mai ke komohana a hiki i ke komohana i ka wā o ka hoʻoilo a ma ke ʻano kūlohelohe. ʻO ka hapa mua ma ka ʻaoʻao hikina o ka Ural Range a pili ia i nā awāwa o nā kahawai nui, ʻo ia hoʻi i Ob a me ke kūkulu hema o Tobol, me nā loea o Pur a me Nadym, nā kihi waena o Poluya, ʻo ka pono o Sobtyegan a me Kunovat. Ma ke komohana hema o Kazakhstan, e huli ana kahi huli komohana, mai kahi kahe i hele ai nā kahe me nā ʻaoʻao semi-wao o ka ʻāina Caspian a me ka ʻaoʻao hema o Ukraine a hiki i nā kahakai komohana o ka Black Black a me ka Danube. ʻO ka mea e hānai nui ana a me nā hoʻomaha hoʻomaha, ʻo nā kahe nui ʻana o Ob ma ka ʻAlika Arctic, ʻo Ob banjplain ma ke kūkulu ʻākau o Khanty-Mansiysk, nā kaʻe ala lāʻau i nā awāwa ʻo Tobol a me Ishim, nā kahawai ʻo Ubagan, Ulkayak a me Irgiz e hoʻokaʻawale ana i nā puʻu liʻiliʻi ʻo Kazakh, nā kahawai ʻo Manych ma Kalmykia, Rostov Region Teritori ʻo Stavropol. ʻO ka haʻalele lau nui i ka hapalua ʻelua o Kepakemapa.

Hoʻaiho

I ka wā hana o ka noho ʻana, ua noho ʻia nā subzones o ke kahe a me ka maʻamau (moss-lichen) tundra (ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o ka nahele-tundra i hōʻike ʻia i nā kumu mua. E ʻoi aku ia i nā wahi hohonu a kiʻekiʻe o kahi kokoke i ka wai, pinepine me nā māla ulu o ka birch dwarf, ka lāʻau, ma kahi o nā lau maloʻo. Ma kekahi kikoʻī, kū pinepine ia i nā pali kahawai ma nā kahawai o nā kahawai a me nā kahawai kokoke kokoke i nā nika o ka pucon peregrine, he ʻoni a honi a i nā ʻāpana keʻokeʻo paha, emi pinepine ma nā mokupuni mai ka pilu o nā pilala kālā a i nā ʻaukā burgomaster paha. Aia a hiki i ka hapalua ʻelua o ka kenekulia 20, ka wahi nui o nā kahua hoʻoilo ma ka ʻōpala a me nā wai paʻakai, ma lalo o nā ʻano like, kū nā manu a i kēia wā hele. Mai ka pau ʻana o ka 1960, ua lawelawe nui ʻia nā biotopes me ka nui o ka ʻai ʻana i nā hua ʻai, a me nā wahi lau o nā loko a me nā ʻāpana o ke kai komohana. Holo ka manu ma ka ʻāina i ka lā, i ka pō ke koho i nā ʻāina nāu lepo, ka wai o nā wai nū i pani ʻia ma waho o ke kapakai, a me kahi hoʻohālike, a me ke kai.

Mea ʻai

Ua palena wale kaʻai ʻana, e like me nā kaea a me nā geese, e komo wale i ka mea ʻai kai. I ka wā mālama, e hānai i nā lau, ʻanu a me nā rhizomes o nā ʻano lāʻau like ʻole, me ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ka cannabis pinoki-leaved a me Sheikhtser, kekahi mau ʻano o ka pipi a me ka horsetail. I ka hoʻoilo, ua hānai ia i ka hānai, nā pā, a me nā pā i kanu ʻia me ka palaoa i ka hoʻoilo, bale, a me ka palaoa. Ma nā wahi laulima e ʻai ai, e ʻai nui i nā ʻupena, nā kūhau a me ka rhizomes o nā ʻehā ephemeral cereals, moss salt, pestle, bedstraw seed, a me nā pōpō keʻokeʻo. Kuhi ʻia ka hānai ma ka ʻāina i ka wā o ke ao. I kekahi manawa i ka waena o ke ao, lawe nā manu i kahi hoʻomaha a waiho no ka lua wai i ka wai kokoke. Lā ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, moe lākou i ka pō ma luna o ka wai, akā i kekahi manawa ma nā wahi e hānai ai.

ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona hoʻokele a me ka noho maʻamau

ʻEhā ʻano nui o ka ʻōnuʻu i hōʻike ʻia i ke kūlohelohe, ma waena o: Kanada, ʻEleʻele, ʻulaʻulaʻula a ʻulaʻula. Hoʻohui ʻulaʻula ʻenike - i loko o ka puke ʻalani a Rūsia, a i keia manawa aia ia mawaena o na lahui e noho ana ma ka mea hemo hooli.

ʻO kekahi o nā wahi pana o kēia ʻano holoholona ʻo Yamal, Gydan a me ka Penikala Taimyr. I nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe, hiki iā ʻoe ke hālāwai me kēia mau ʻelele o ka ʻohana duck i ka manawa o ko lākou holo nui ʻana. ʻO ka huakaʻi hele o nā kahe ʻulaʻula ʻaʻani holo i waena o North-West Kazakhstan, ʻ Ukrainekena Hema, a ma ke kahawai ʻo Nadym, Pura, Tobol a me Ob.

Luʻi nona ka mea nona ke kino a hiki i 55 kenimita ka lōʻihi, a ʻo ke kaupaona ʻana o ka pākeke e hele ʻole ma mua o 1,2 kilograms. Hoʻololi nā ʻēheu manu manu i ka laulā mai 35 a 40 paha kenimika, a ʻeleʻele loa ka ʻāpana me nā ʻāpana keʻokeʻo a ʻulaʻula paha.

Paʻa maikaʻi iā ka ʻauʻau a me ka diving. Noho ia ia ma ke kānāwai, ma ka ʻaoʻao kiʻekiʻe a kiʻekiʻe loa o ka nahele-tundra a me ke kahe ma kahi kokoke i ka wai. Aia ka manu i ka ʻūhā nui ʻana i ka ʻūhā kolohe e nā kamaʻāina kamaʻāina i pepehi iā lākou me nā rifles a me nā ʻupena no ka iho ʻana i lalo, ka hulu a me ka iʻa.

I ke kiʻi, ʻO Goose-pale umauma

Kōleo keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo papa inoa ʻia ma ka International Red Book, akā ʻaʻole pili ia i nā ʻano pili ma ka hope o ka hoʻopau ʻana. ʻOi paha ka nui o nā manu ma mua o nā kaile ʻeleʻele, a hiki i kā lākou lehulehu ke hiki ke piʻi aku ma mua o ʻelua kilograma. ʻOkoʻa lākou i nā ʻohana ʻē aʻe ma ke ʻano ʻelua, no ka mea ke nānā ʻia ke keʻokeʻo mai lalo a ʻeleʻele mai luna.

Ke keʻokeʻo, ke mua a me ke poʻo ma nā ʻaoʻao. Hiki i ka ʻauʻau, ke hele ʻana, e lele wikiwiki a holo i ka holo like ʻole ma ke ʻano o nā pōpilikia. Loaʻa iā ia ma ke kaona Scandinavian, aia hoʻi ma ke kahakai o Greenland. No nā wahi i hoʻopaʻa ai, koho ʻo ia i kekahi puʻu mauna i hoʻokahe ʻia me nā pali i lalo o ka pali a me nā koʻi ma lalo.

I loko o ke kiʻi he kuehē keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo

Kōleʻele ʻeleʻele He ʻnaʻu like me ka nui o ke keʻena liʻiliʻi, ka mea ke ʻokeʻo ma ka hope a ke keʻokeʻo ma mua. Ua mālie ʻo ia e ʻoluʻolu ma ka wai a me ka ʻāina, ʻauʻau wikiwiki a neʻe koke i ka ʻāina. ʻAʻole ʻike kēia manu i ka holo ʻana, a hiki wale iā ia, e like me nā ʻeke, hana i ka capizing e kū mai i lalo e loaʻa ai ka meaʻai mai ka lalo.

ʻEleʻele nā ​​wāwae a me ke kui o ka beose, ke keʻokeʻo ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū. Noho kēia holoholona i nā mokupuni e pili ana i ka moana Arctic a ma nā kahakai o nā kai āpau ʻo Arctic. Makemake ʻo ia e makemake i ka pili ʻana i nā awāwa o lalo a me nā kahakai, ʻaʻole i loaʻa i nā mea lau nahele.

I loko o ke kiʻi he kahakaha ʻeleʻele

Soile Kanaka ua loaʻa ma ʻAmelika a me Kanada. Ma kona like ʻana, ua ʻoi aku ka manuahi i nā ʻohana pā ʻeleʻele a ʻulaʻula, a me kona paona, ua ʻoi aku ka ʻoi aku o 6.5 kilograms. He mea kupaianaha hoʻi nā ʻēheu o kēia mau luna o ka ʻohana duck a mai ka 125 i ka 185 kenimika.

ʻO ka ʻāʻī a me ke poʻo o ke kuikui a Kanaka ke ʻeleʻele me kahi shimmer shiny. Ke kala kūmole ka kala o ke kino, akā aia paha i loko o kahi aniani a i ʻole nā ​​aniani wavy. ʻO ka noho ʻana o nā manu ma loko o Alaska a me Canada a me nā mokupuni i kau ʻia ma ka mokupuni o Arctic.

Kiʻi kuhi canadian kiʻi

ʻO nā mea nui nui ma waena o ka kuʻu home a me ke kuʻu

ʻOkoʻa nā ʻōhule ma nā manu manuahi i kēia mau ʻano.

• beak pōkole kiʻekiʻe a me ke ʻāʻī liʻiliʻi,
• ʻo kēlā me kēia ʻano ko lākou mea ʻoniʻoni like ʻole,
• ʻaʻole i kaupaona ka momona i ke māka o 8 kg, a ʻaʻole i lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o ke kino ma kahi o 60 cm.

ʻOkoʻa nā geese Wilds i ka helu o nā ʻelele a me nā ʻano. ʻO nā ʻano āpau āpau i kau ʻia ma ka Puke ʻaha.

Nā ʻano o ke ʻano ʻōlepe

ʻAʻole no kēia mau manu no ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma mua, ʻoiai he mea nui a he poʻe haʻaheo kona mau ʻelele. Ke hāpai nei i kā lākou poʻo poʻo, ke hele wāwae lākou, e hōʻike ana iā lākou iho i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe. Hāʻawi maikaʻi ke ʻano iā lākou me nā hulu keʻokeʻo - kahi pale pale pono e pale i ke kino. Hoʻowalewale ʻia nā ʻēheu o ka bea Kanaka i ke kala ʻulaʻula. He lehu palupalu kala helehelena, umauma a me luna ʻōpū.

ʻO ke kuʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo i nā ʻōhele he nui, ʻaʻole i maʻalahi ke mau ʻia i loko o ka hihiu. Noho nā poʻomanaʻo o nā ʻano ma nā pōhaku a ma nā puʻu mauna, e hūnā ana i nā ness ma nā wahi hiki ʻole ke komo ʻia. Hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa iā lākou i loko o ka tundra. E like me ke nānā aku, ua kiʻi ʻia ka nānā ʻana i ke kala ʻeleʻele o ka ʻāʻī me ke ʻano keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo o ke poʻo. Hoʻohui ʻo Grace i nā ʻēheu a i hope, i paʻi ʻia i ka ʻulaʻula me kahi kāwele polū.

Hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā loiloi o kēia mau ʻano, he kūlau ka grika. ʻIke ʻia mai ka mua, ua ʻeleʻele loa ia. Mai ka ʻaoʻao o hope, keʻokeʻo ke kanaka. Holo ke kaula keʻokeʻo e pili ana i ke kua ʻeleʻele o ka beose, ka mea e hana i kahi kūlike a hoʻonani mau i nā kala i ka nānā.

ʻOiai ke emiʻana o ka ʻike makaʻana, ʻo ke kaumaha o ka manu e hiki aku ai i 2 kg. He mea pono ia e waiho a wīwī wahine i nā hua he 3-5 ma ka manawa, ke pāhi nei i nā moa hina hina. I loko nō o kēia manawa, hana nā kāne i nā ʻoi e kōkua i ka "ʻōpio ʻōpio."

Hoʻohālikelike ʻia kēia ʻanoʻokoʻa mai nā poʻe ʻē aʻe ʻaʻole ma o kona inoa exotic wale nō, akā ma o kona ʻano hiʻona pū kekahi. ʻO kēia manu e like me ke kuʻuna maʻamau. Eia naʻe, aia kekahi mau mea i loko o ke ʻano, i hāʻawi ʻia e kahi ʻokoʻa ʻole - ka hui pū ʻana o nā hina, ʻeleʻele, ʻulaʻula a me nā keʻokeʻo.

ʻO kahi lei lei ʻula a keʻokeʻo hoʻi ma ka ʻāʻī o kahi kuʻuna Hawaiʻi. Kau paona - mai 1,5 a 3 kg. ʻO ka wehe maoli o nā ʻano he lahilahi palupalu i nā wāwae, no ka mea he pīhoihoi ka manu i ka wai, a no laila aneane ka manawa āpau ma ka ʻāina.

ʻO ka wehewehe ʻana o nā ʻano puaa

He manu liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi kēlā i ka mea i loaʻa ma kahi kokoke i ke kino wai. E holo maikaʻi i nā hulu manu aloha ʻia ka neʻe ʻana i ka ʻāina a me nā lele. Hūlū pua hipa i kēlā me kēia makahiki a neʻe i nā keokeo mahana.

ʻAʻole makemake ke kanaka paʻakikī paʻakikī i ka wīwī a hele i ka hema e ʻimi ana i ka ʻai no ka ʻohana holoʻokoʻa. He aha nā ʻano o nā ʻano lā i ʻike ʻia i ke ʻano? Aʻo mākou i nā mea āpau e pili ana i ka manu ʻōlehu ulaula.

Ke heluhelu ʻia nei: Hoʻopuka ʻO BISON PSH GRAND MASTER 3000, 4000

ʻO nā ʻaoʻao o ka honua e ola nei

He mea maʻamau ka haole Kanaka ma ʻAmelika ʻAmelika, ma kahi o lākou i nui. ʻO kahi lehulehu o nā manu e noho ana ma Alaska, Greenland, Canada, ma ka mokupuni o Arctic ma Kanada. Kahi, ke noho nei lākou ma nā ʻaoʻao hema i makemake ʻia no ka hana ʻai, a lele ka lele ma nā ʻāina ʻākau i loko o ka pūnāwai a me ke kauwela kahi e kūkulu ai i nā nīnū a e noho i nā moa.

I ka manawa like, e koho nā manu i nā wahi kahi e liʻiliʻi ai nā mea ʻike. No kēia mau pahuhopu, kūpono ʻo Mekiko, hema o USA a Kaleponi, kahi ʻoluʻolu kūpono no ka hoʻoilo a ʻaʻohe pilikia me ka meaʻai. ʻĀkoakoa maila nā hale a me ke ala ma hope o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke anuanu a ʻaʻole hoʻi e hoʻi a hiki i ka mahana.

Koho ka ʻōkena Kanaka i nā wahi kokoke i nā ʻāpana, nā wai waiwai a me nā kaila muliwai, kahi āu e loaʻa ai a me kāu mau moa i loaʻa ka meaʻai. Nui ke kaupaona ʻana o nā ʻelele, no laila ke mālie lākou e neʻe ma ka ʻāina a ʻauʻau maikaʻi. Hiki i ka ʻese ke hiki i ke ea no ka manawa lōʻihi ke lele ʻana i ka hoʻoilo, akā makemake ʻole ʻaʻole lawe e hele inā ʻole pono maoli.

ʻO kekahi helu liʻiliʻi o nā koʻī ma nā mokupuni ʻo Kuril a me Commander, akā ma muli o ke kī mau ʻana, nalowale loa ka heluna kanaka.

Nā manu liʻiliʻi - goose

ʻO ke ʻano ke ʻano nani a nani, akā hiki i ke ʻano o nā manu, ʻaʻole e launa pū me nā kānaka. Mālama ʻia kēlā mau manu i loko o kahi ʻohana a alakaʻi i kahi kaila like ʻole. Hoʻokele ʻia ka poʻe ʻōpio makua e nā pākeke a pau, a i ka wā neʻe aku ka mālama i ka ʻohana i kahi mea maʻi a manuʻa paha. ʻOkoʻa nā manu mai nā ʻano holoholona hihiu ʻē aʻe i ko lākou kala uliuli, kahi e ʻāʻī ia i ka hopena o ka lā. Holo mau lākou me kahi kī ʻoi loa e hiki ke lohe ʻia no kekahi mau kilomita.

Heluhelu pū: nā maʻi o nā geese: nā hōʻailona a me ka mālama ʻana ma ka home

Loaʻa nā ʻona i nā lehelehe maoli i ka hoa kāne no ka hoʻohālikelike, a ʻoiai ke waiho ʻana ka wahine i kāna mau huaʻala, lilo ke kāne i mea kiaʻi koʻikoʻi o nā keiki e hiki mai ana. Hoʻopau nā wahine wahine mai ka 6 a 8 mau mele i ka manawa. I loko o hoʻokahi mahina, ua lilo nā hua i ʻalopeka, kahi e mākaukau a lūlū e hoʻololi i ka noho ʻana o ka ʻohana. Holo pinepine ʻia ʻo Goose. Hoʻohana ʻia ka huluhulu o Goose no ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā mea laikini a i ʻole mea hoʻopihapiha, a kūpono i nā mea ʻai meaʻai a ka mea maʻi no nā maʻi maʻi.

ʻAʻole paʻakikī ke hoʻokaʻawale i kēia holoholona mai nā holoholona hihiu ʻē aʻe. ʻO kahi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, ke poʻoʻeleʻele a me ka peritoneum hina - ke kuʻi nei ka kuʻe mai kahi mamao aku. E makemake ana nā manu i ka wai a kūkulu i kā lākou mau ʻuʻuku i ka nahele mauʻu o ka mauʻu. ʻO kaʻai ʻana o nā pākeke a me nā holoholona ʻōpiopio ka mea nui o nā mea kanu, nui ka momona i nā mea momona a me nā mea momona. Nui nā ʻano manu e loaʻa ana ma ka home kūlohelohe.

Eleʻele

Inā ʻoe e hoʻohālikelike i ka lei ʻeleʻele me kona mau hoahānau i hōʻike ʻia ma luna nei, a laila nani maoli ke nānā aku. Ke nānā 'ia mai mua i mua, keʻokeʻo loa, mai ke kihi hope - keʻokeʻo. Hoʻohana ʻia ka ʻāʻeleʻele me ke apo keʻokeʻo a keʻokeʻo.

Me kahi hiʻohiʻona ʻano paʻakikī, ʻo ka nui o ke kino o ka soose ʻeleʻele ʻo 1.2-2.2 kg, a hiki i ke kino i ka lōʻihi a hiki i 60 cm.

Hoʻomoe ka wahine o kēia ʻano mai 3 a 5 mau huaʻai, nona nā lā 24-26 e honi ana i nā pua liʻiliʻi mauʻu, he hina hina. ʻO ke kāne lā i kēia manawa hiki iā ia ke kōkua i kāna kāne.

Aia no ke ʻano o nā papa o nā kūpeʻe ʻeleʻele - he mau mea kanu lākou.

Maopopo?Hiki i ke kuʻi lele kūpono ke manaʻo ʻia he kumu hoʻohālike pono. He manuahi nā manu a ʻaʻole e kumakaia i kā lākou hoa, ʻoiai ma hope o ka make. Inā make koke kekahi o kēia mau "wahine", a laila kanikau ka lua a hoʻopau i ke koena o kona ola wale nō.

Ke kāohi ʻia nei i kēia manu.

Ke ʻano ʻano manu manu Goose

ʻO Goose kahi wai wai i kūkulu ʻia i nā ʻano panina i hoʻomohala maikaʻi. He paʻakikī loa kahi e hopu ai ma ka ʻāina. Ua liʻiliʻi a manuahi ka manu, kahi e hoʻopili ai i ka hana a kekahi kanaka hahai. No ka hoʻoluʻu, ua ʻokaʻawale ʻia nā kuahi manu a me nā manu i kekahi mau mea e like me ko lākou noho a me ke ola.

• puaʻe keʻokeʻo,
• subspecies ulaula ulaula,
• pua nani,
• ʻōleʻe ʻeleʻele
• ʻōiwi keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo,
• ʻŌlo Hawaiʻi.

ʻO Brose goose (rufibrenta ruficollis) he manu paʻakikī, he mau hiʻohiʻona ponoʻī a he puʻupaʻa maikaʻi loa.

Hoʻohālikelike ʻia kēlā me kēia subspecies e kāna mau hiʻohiʻona o waho, ka mea e hilinaʻi nei i kēlā me kēia lā o nā manu a me nā ʻona. ʻO ka loli ʻana o ka pākeke i ka hana maoli ʻaʻole e loli mai ka ʻano o ka wai i loko o ka loko a i ʻole ka wai wai. Ka hopena o nā ʻano ʻokoʻa like ʻole o ka nui o ke kino a i ʻole ka nui o nā ʻāpana o ke kino. Noho wale kēlā ʻano i kēia mau ʻāina i nā ʻāina mahana me kahi aniani kalima. ʻO Goose i bred i nā helu liʻiliʻi a puni ka honua.

ʻAuhea kēia mau holoholona i makemake e noho? ʻAʻole ʻike ʻia ka ʻohana ʻōhiʻu ma nā wahi ululāʻau a i ʻole ma nā wahi me kahi wahi liʻiliʻi e wehe ʻia nā waihona kālā ʻē aʻe. Hiki i kahi hipa ke noho i kahi kokoke i nā wahi hakahaka. Inā loaʻa kahi nui o nā lau ʻala ma kahi kokoke i ke kō nui, e lilo kēia wahi i hale paʻa no ka ʻohana. Aia kekahi kuahi Hawaiʻi a Kanada paha ma kekahi konupua a a ma hope o ka neʻe aku ua hoʻi i kona wahi i noho mua. He aha ka mea ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka soose a me nā mea kuʻu Kanada?

ʻO nā mea ʻai

Pono ʻo Canada Goose a me nā subspecies ʻē aʻe e hānai nui i nā mea kanu. ʻO ke kumu o kā lākou mālamaʻana i ka mea kanu, bukharnik, fescue, sedge, a me nā ʻano lau ʻē aʻe. ʻO kekahi mau holoholona, ​​ʻaʻole wale Kanata, e hānai i nā mea kanu. ʻO kāna papaʻai i kekahi manawa ke komo pū a me ka palaoa. ʻOiai me kēia addiction, ʻaʻole i hōʻino ka kui i ka hua o ke kanaka.

Pehea e pāʻani ai nā pāʻani male

Hoʻokomo ke ʻano o nā wahine kuiona Kanaka i ka wā mua, ke hele mai kahi manawa mahana a lele nā ​​ʻohana. Noho a nā manu i nā wahi i hoʻokumu ʻia ai ka mahana wela. Akā hoʻomaka nā pāʻani pākuhi i ke waena waena o ka manawa, i ka pō ma nā ʻāina ʻākau i kahi wela iki. ʻAʻole pale i ka hau ka nāu kuʻuna e ʻimi i nā hoahana no ka hoʻomoe ʻana.

I ka wā pāʻani o ka pāʻani ma ke kai, e hōʻike ʻia ana kahi hōʻike holoʻokoʻa. Kūleʻa ka kuʻu Kanada i kona ʻāʻī a laila hōʻike ʻo ia i ka makemake e mare. Hoʻokani ʻia ka hana nui i ka luna ikaika loa o ka hipa, kahi e hoʻokuke aku ai i nā poʻe āpau ʻē aʻe. Inā makemake i ka wahine ka kuʻuna, kuʻu ʻo ia i kona ʻāʻī a hāʻule i ka wai, ma hope o ka hiamoe ʻana, ʻaʻole e mau ana ia manawa. Piʻi ke kanaka Kanada ma ka wahine, kuʻi kona poʻo, ma hope o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka moekolohe.I ka manawa o ka finale, hoʻōho nui nā Kanalilani a lele ʻo kona mau ʻēheu.

ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona maʻamau a me nā ʻano o ka ʻenekia uliuli (geese)

ʻO kahi māla lawehala he pāʻai nani. He poli ka poʻe kuikena a me ka mālama pono ʻana i ka puaʻa e lawe nui ʻia ana ka waiwai nui. ʻO ka ʻiole ka iʻa a me ka hua manu he mea leʻaleʻa maoli, a ko kā lākou iho i manaʻo nui ʻia i nā hana lehulehu.

I kēia ʻano, ʻaʻole ia he mea kupaianaha o nā goose ka nui i ka ʻike he nui e pili ana i kēia ʻano lehelehe a hōʻike pinepine ʻo ia i nā kuʻuna e like me nā manu manu. Akā mai poina iā ʻoe ka hāʻawi ʻana o ke ʻano i kahi papa inoa variegated o nā kaola hihiu i ʻike maikaʻi ʻia i nā pōʻai hunting. Ka mea i kapa ʻia lākou he geese.

ʻO kekahi ʻano ʻōnaka o kēia ʻano ʻōiwi kekahi o nā ʻelele i waena o ko lākou mau ʻohana. Hele lākou, haʻaheo e hāpai nei i ko lākou poʻo ʻeleʻele, i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā popo hau-keʻokeʻo ma nā pāpālina a me kekahi hapa o ke ʻāʻī. ʻO ka hulu keʻokeʻo he pale pale a ʻo nā ʻāpana maikaʻi hoʻi o ke kino soose: ʻo ka ʻōpū haʻahaʻa a me nā mea i hoʻopaʻa ʻia.

ʻO ka piko o ka ʻōpū, ka umauma a me nā ʻaoʻao o ka Canadian Goose, ua peʻe i nā palala hina a me nā ʻulaʻula i hoʻohui ʻia kekahi i kekahi me nā nalu. ʻO ka palahalaha like, akā naʻe ka pale polūʻeleʻele, i hōʻailona ʻia a me nā ʻēheu o nā manu Kanada.

ʻO ka hulu hipa, hoʻopiha lākou i ke kala o ke poʻo a me ka ʻāʻī - ʻokoʻa lākou i kahi pale ʻeleʻele nui. Ke ʻike nei i kēia ʻoiaʻiʻo, hiki i kekahi ke ʻōlelo he ʻeleʻele ka goose Kanaka mai ke poʻo a i ka huelo, akā ke hewa kēia.

Hoʻokomo maoli nā kūleʻa Kanada: ʻo lākou mau kīleʻī palu pua nani a he kala melemele.

A ʻo ke ʻano ola ʻana o kēia ʻano ʻano koholā, noho lākou i kahi kokoke i nā loko, nā ʻamo, kahi nui lākou i ka ʻāina a me ka wai.

E heluhelu pū: E ʻai i nā waiwai lapaʻau momona a me nā contraindications

Manaʻo mākou e heluhelu: Ka wehewehe ʻana o ka Belarus-082 mini-tractor. ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona ʻenehana o ka hoʻohālike. Hoʻololi nā MTZ-082 a me kā lākou ʻokoʻa. Nā māla e noi ana i ka mahiʻai.

E pili ana i ka meaʻai, hiki iā mākou ke ʻōlelo i kēia mau kūlohelohe he nui o nā mea kanu puaʻa a ʻai i ka mea e ulu ana i nā pae o nā marshy. Akā, ʻaʻole lākou kahi kūpono i ka ʻahaʻaina i nā iʻa a me nā mea ʻino manu ʻole.

Maʻalahi loa kēia ʻano manu, no laila e mālama pono ʻia lākou.

Ma ka paʻa o kēia ʻano, he 9 mau huaʻai.

He mau hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona

ʻO ka kuʻuna Kanada kahi hiʻohiʻona e hoʻokaʻawale iā ia mai nā luna o nā ʻano holoholona ʻē aʻe:

1. ʻO ke kūlohelohe a kuikahi he kūʻokoʻa a mai ka wā ʻōpiopio e kūleʻa ʻia e ola, no ka mea hiki iā lākou ke hele wikiwiki ma ka ʻāina aʻauʻau.
2. He kūlana mālie ke kaena ʻōiwi Kanada, hōʻike lākou i ka hoʻouka ʻana wale nō i ka manawa o nā pāʻani lawaiʻa a mālama i ka nalo.
3. Inā loaʻa ka honu wahine i nā ʻohana pua like like, he lōʻihi loa o kā lākou honu.
4. Ma ka papaʻai o ke kaena, nui ka greens, no laila noho lākou kokoke kokoke i nā loko.
5. Ke lele kēia i ka hoʻoilo, hiki i nā manu ke neʻe i hoʻokahi ʻohana nui.

ʻ saylelo nā Ornithologists i nā kāne a me nā wahine i kani nā leo. Hiki ke maʻalahi lākou i ka ʻike inā lohe ʻoe i ke kamaʻilio ʻana o ka poʻe Kanada ma ka honua. Eia nō hoʻi, ke ʻano nui o nā kahe geese ka mea i lele ʻē aʻe ma mua o nā ʻelele o nā kahe wai. ʻO ia ke kumu e makemake ai iā lākou e hele wāwae a e hele paha ma ka ʻāina.

ʻO ka wehewehe a me nā hiʻohiʻona

Manu manu like loa me ke kaaniani. Hoʻohālikelike ia i loko o ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi a me ke kala ʻōniʻoniʻo o nā hulu. ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona kūʻokoʻa e hana ai i nā kuʻekuʻe e like me nā leole. ʻAʻole i kuhi ʻia nā mea like ʻole: ʻo ka manu i kau ʻia mai ka ʻohana duck o ka kauoha ʻo Anseriformes.

ʻO ke kino o geese ma ka awelika ua loaʻa ma kahi o 60 cm. ʻAʻohe paona o nā manu ma mua o 8 kg. Maikaʻi ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i nā kāne i ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o nā wahine. ʻO ka kala ʻeleʻele a me ke keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo i hoʻolaha nui ʻia i ka palette kala o nā hulu manu. ʻO ke kala kukui a puni ke ʻōpio i manaʻo ʻia he ʻano hiʻohiʻona wale i loko o kekahi kuʻe, aia wale nō i nā ʻano ʻeleʻele e kū mai ana ma hope, 2 mau makahiki ma hope o ka hānau ʻana.

ʻO ka ʻāʻī o ka kuʻu ʻoi aku ka pōhā ua ʻoi aku ma mua o ka helehelena. ʻEleʻele nā ​​maka, kū kū loa i ke kūlana ākea. Ua liʻiliʻi ʻia ka beak a ʻoi aku ia a paʻa, ua ʻeleʻele kona uhi, ʻaʻole mea nona nā ʻano manu. Loaʻa hou aku ka uka a me ka ʻā ʻo ke kāne ma mua o nā wahine. ʻEleʻele nā ​​wāwae o ke kuʻekuʻe āpau i nā kala, ua ʻili ka ʻili.

Kāhoanole ma ke kiʻi i loko o nā encyclopedia e hōʻike pinepine ʻia i nā ʻano like ʻole o ka plumage kala. ʻO kēia ma muli o ke ʻano maoli o nā ʻano like ʻole o kēia mau manu, a he ʻano ʻano like ʻole o lākou a pau.

ʻEono mau ʻano o ka kuilele ma ka honua:

• keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo
• eleʻele
• Hoʻohui ʻulaʻula
• Kanaka
• nā canadian liʻiliʻi
• Ōlelo Hawaiʻi.

Hoʻokaʻawale ʻē aʻe lāua i kēlā me kēia i ka hoʻolālā kino, nā māhele ʻāpana, ke wehewehe ʻana o ka ʻano. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻohe pili o nā ʻano pili, ʻaʻole i hui wale nā ​​manu a ʻākoakoa i loko o nā ʻohana.

Kōleo keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo

Hoʻokoʻa ʻē ia mai nā ʻohana ʻē aʻe ma ke ʻano kino. ʻEleʻele ka papae ʻākau a he keʻokeʻo hoʻi ka lalo. Mai kahi mamao loa, ʻike ʻia ke kūlike o ka uhi i luna, e hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia i ka hoʻoholo ʻana o nā ʻano ʻano.

Kōleo keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo a awelika, aia ka lehulehu a ma aneane he ʻelua kilokilo. Ua liʻiliʻi iki ke poʻo ma mua o ka soose ʻeleʻele. ʻO ka ʻāpana o ka ʻāʻī, ka muzzle, nape a me ka lae he plumage o ka ʻula keʻokeʻo.

E ʻaele ka manu a hoʻōla maikaʻi, kahi hiki iā ia ke kiʻi i ka meaʻai. Paʻakikī, hiki ke hele i kahi lōʻihi lōʻihi. ʻOiai ʻo kēia, holo wikiwiki ka ʻenekema. Hiki i kēia ke mālama i kona ola, no ka mea ma kēia ala ua holo ʻo ia mai ka pilikia.

Noho nui nā ʻōkū keʻokeʻo i nā ʻāina Scandinavian a me nā kapakai o ka mokupuni o Greenland. Hana lākou i nā nū ma nā wahi kuahiwi, me nā pali kiʻekiʻe, nā lua a me nā pali.

Kōleʻele ʻeleʻele

Loaʻa i ka hoʻohālikelike hou loa i nā lāsa. ʻO lākou wale nō nā hiʻohiʻona maʻalahi. Hiki ke hōʻike ʻia ka holoholona me ka uhi ʻeleʻele o ke kino, ʻo ia ka paler ma luna o ke kino. ʻEleʻele hoʻi ka ihu a me nā wāwae.

Kōleʻele ʻeleʻele mālie i ka wai, akā hikiʻole ke hoʻāʻalo. I mea e loaʻa ai ka meaʻai ma lalo o ka wai o ka wai, hoʻohuli ʻo ia me kona kino holoʻokoʻa, e like me nā ducks. E like me kā lākou mau kaikuaʻana, ka ʻenehana keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo, holo holo like lākou i kēlā wahi.

ʻO ka nui ʻē aʻe o ka hau hau e kū pono ana i ka hau. Noho lākou ma nā ʻāina ma ke Kai Kūʻai, a ʻo nā kahakai hoʻi o nā kai āpau i ka ʻāina ʻo Arctic. ʻAnaka ʻeleʻele i nā wahi kapakai a me nā awāwa e kokoke ana i nā muliwai. E koho i nā wahi me nā mea ulu lāʻau.

Soile Kanaka

ʻO kekahi o nā mea nui loa ma waena o ko lākou mau ʻohana. Hiki i nā kaupaona ke piʻi i ʻehā ʻeke. No ka nui o ko lākou nui, loaʻa nā mākeke kahaha a hiki i ka lōʻihi o ʻelua mau kaona. Loaʻa i ke kino ke ʻano o ka waihoʻoluʻu o ke kala hina, i nā hanana liʻiliʻi, aia paha ke ʻano i nā hiʻohiʻona wavy o ka ʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele.

ʻAe ʻeleʻele-ʻulaʻula kona kino. I ka lā nokeʻo i ka lā, e wili ana i ka lā me ka ebb i ka lā. Soile Kanaka aloha nui i nā ʻāina ʻākau o ʻAmelika. Mahele ʻia ma Alaska a me Kanada, a me nā ʻāina kokoke e pili ana i ka mokupuni ʻo Arctic Kānāwai.

Goio liʻiliʻi Kanada

Hoʻohālikelike pinepine ʻia me kahi kuʻuna Kanada. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻokaʻawale i ka nui a me nā ʻokoʻa liʻiliʻi ma ka plumage. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino e pili ana i 0.7 mika. Hiki ke loaʻa ka paona kino i nā 3 ʻāpana wale nō. ʻO ke poʻo, ka ʻukā, nā ʻū, ke kua a me nā wāwae. Aia nā wahi keʻokeʻo ma nā kihi o ka muzzle. ʻO ka puni a ʻo ka ʻāʻī he “kolala” o kahi ʻōpala pale.

No ka nohona, koho ke manu i ka nahele, tundra mau nahele, kahi i nui nā mea kanu i ke ʻano o nā lāʻau a me nā lāʻau. I ka hoʻoilo, ua noho ia i nā kahakai a me nā ʻapu. ʻO Habitat e like me Canada Goose. Hiki ke loaʻa iā lākou ma nā ʻāina hikina o Siberia. I ka hoʻoilo, hele lākou i nā'āina hema o USA a me Mexico.

ʻŌlo Hawaiʻi

ʻAʻole nui ka nui o ka dimenika o ka manu, ʻo ka lōʻihi o ke kino e pili ana i 0.65 mika, ke kino nui o ke kino he 2 kilograms. ʻO ke kala hina a he brownish ke kala o nā peni, me nā ʻulaʻula a me ka ʻeleʻele hina ma kona mau ʻaoʻao. ʻEleʻele ka ihzzle, nape, ihu, nā wāwae a me ko ka ʻōpū o luna o ka ʻāʻī. ʻAi lākou i ka mea kanu a me nā hua waina. Loaʻa ʻole ka ʻai i ka wai.

He ʻike liʻiliʻi ka ʻōlo Hawaiʻi i nā mea kūlohelohe, no ka mea, ua hoʻōla kupaianaha ʻo ia i pakele mai ka hemo ʻole. E noho wale ka manu ma nā mokupuni o Hawaiʻi a me Maui. ʻO nā noke ʻo Viet ma nā kaʻe o nā lua pele.

Hiki iā ia ke piʻi no ke ola i kahi kiʻekiʻe o 2000 mika ma luna o ke kai. ʻO nā ʻano ʻano o ka beʻe ʻole ka mea pono ʻole e lele i ka hoʻoilo. E hoʻololi ana i kona nohona, aia wale nō i ke kau maloʻo, neʻe kokoke loa i nā kino wai.

Hoʻoikaika & Habitat

Ke ʻimi nei ʻo Geese i kahi e noho ai i nā wahi kiʻekiʻe a me nā hehi kokoke i nā muliwai. ʻO Geese, e noho ana ma ke kahakai kai a me ke kai, koho i kahi kahakai me kahi pale ʻāina. Koho ʻia ka pūnaewele papa lāʻau e ka hui kahiko, kēlā me kēia makahiki i ka wahi like.

I kekahi manawa hiki ke helu i ka helu i ka 120 kanaka. Kūkulu pinepine ʻia nā ʻoihana nui i ka wā o ka molting. I kēia manawa ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke lele e pale aku iā lākou iho i ka pōʻino a me nā ʻenemi, ua koi ʻia lākou e hoʻonohonoho i nā hui nui. ʻAʻohe hui pinepine ka hipa me nā ʻelele o nā ʻohana duck a me nā subspecies.

Pono nā manu e hana i kahi nohona maikaʻi a palekana hoʻi no ka wahine ke hāʻawi i nā hua maikaʻi. ʻO ka pale ʻana i ka wā kauwela. I kēia manawa, nui nā wai hou no ka meaʻai a me ka wai maʻemaʻe no ka inu.

I ka loaʻa ʻana o nā manu i ka meaʻai, kamaʻilio lākou, ma ka nui heaka gaggling. Ua like ʻo Gogot me ka ʻīlio hakakā ʻana. He leo leo nui loa nā Geese e hiki ke lohe ʻia a ma kahi lōʻihi loa.

E hana ʻia nā manu ma ke ao. ʻOiai ka ola o ka soose ma ka ʻāina, ua hoʻolōʻihi ia i ka manawa i loko o ka wahi hoʻopuka. Hiki i ka Geese ke moe i ka pō ma luna o ka wai. I kekahi manawa moe lākou i ka pō ma ka ʻāina ma kahi a lākou e hānai ai i ke ao. I ka waenakonu o ke ao, i ka wā e hānai ai, nā manu e makemake e hoʻomaha a hoʻi i ka wai kokoke.

ʻO ka pōʻino koʻikoʻi no ka kuʻu ʻana i ka holoholona hihiu e hele mai ana i nā ʻalopoki arctic. Hoʻi aku lākou i nā nests a kauo i nā pēpē liʻiliʻi me lākou. Aia kekahi manawa e hoʻokele ai nā ʻalopelo kuahiwi ke hopu i nā manu nui e like pū me ia. Hoʻōla ʻia ka ʻōlo mai ka mea lawehala ʻole ma ka lele ʻana, akā me ka holo ʻana. ʻO Geese nā mea hoʻoikaika maikaʻi, hoʻopakele iā lākou.

He mea lawehala kekahi o ka helu ʻōiwi. A hiki i kēia manawa, ke alualu ʻole ʻia nei ka poʻe kuʻuna. Ua make ʻo ia wale nō ma hope o ka holoholona i waena o ka hope mau. I kēia manawa hele wale ma ka puke ʻulaʻula noho i kekahi o nā kūlana hoihoi loa.

Lele anue kekahi mau ʻōhua a paʻa wale nō paha lākou. He ʻano ʻokoʻa ʻē ka Geese ke hele aku ke kanaka.

Hiki iā lākou ke pani iā ​​lākou iho, hiki i kekahi ke hoʻopaʻa iā ʻoe. Akā ʻoi aku ka ʻoi loa aku, ke holo koke lākou a hoʻomaka ʻole, me ke ʻano o ke kaohi ʻana, me ka u ʻana o ka uʻi a ʻuwā nui.

Kēia neʻe i ka hopena i ka hopena o ka hopena a hiki i ka hau meli mua i loko. ʻO nā manu kai he manu nūhou, a neʻe wale i nā pūʻulu nui, me nā manu o nā makahiki āpau.

Ma ke kaʻina holo ʻana i nā wahi mahana, e pili ana i nā wahi kahakai, ka pale ʻana i kahi ala pōkole pololei. ʻOiai inā e lele lōʻihi, e hoʻololi i kāu ala. Ma kahi kokoke i ke kai a me nā muliwai ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi e loaʻa ka ʻai a kāpae i ka hoʻomaha, no ka soio - goose, a hoʻolōʻihi i ka hapalua o kona ola i ka wai.

ʻO ka pilina a me ka lōʻihi

Hoʻokomo ʻia ka ʻelemakule male 3, 4 mau makahiki mai ka hānau ʻana. keʻokeʻosoole hiki mai io ia nei i kona oliona. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā ʻohana ma nā wahi hoʻoilo hoʻoilo. Hoʻomaka ka hanana ʻana o ka mare i ka pō, hoʻomaka lākou me ka leo nui i ka wai. ʻO ke kāne, i mea e huki ai i ka manaʻo o ka wahine, loaʻa i kekahi mau poses. Ma hope o ka hiamoe ʻana, hoʻomaka lākou e hoʻōho me ka leo nui, e hohola ana i nā ʻāʻī, e palu ana i kā lākou huelo a hoʻonui i ko lākou mau ʻēheu.

Maʻa mau nā lua i ka lua i nā pali o nā pali manalu a i ʻole nā ​​pali pōhaku e pale aku iā lākou iho a me kā lākou poʻe hua mai nā mea wānana a me nā pilikia ʻē aʻe. No laila, ʻimi lākou e koho i nā wahi ākea a hiki i ka mālama ʻia e kokoke ana i nā manu manu. Hana lākou i kēia i mea e pale hou ai iā lākou iho i nā ʻalopelo arctic, ka poʻe makaʻu i nā palahalaha pelemele a me nā gull nui.

H kūkulu koke ʻia nā nuku ma hope o ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi wahi e kau ai. Loaʻa lākou i ka lōʻihi o ka 20-25 kenimika, a me ka hohonu o 5 a 9 sentimita. Ka-laulima o nā geese ʻO ka mua a ʻike lākou ai ʻole ia i ka lua o ka ʻāina ma kahi pohō. A laila uhi lākou i kona ʻūhū me nā mea kanu maloʻo, ʻōpala o ka palaoa a me kahi ʻāpana māhuahua o ke ʻona hoʻi i ʻoki ʻia e ka makuahine goose mai kāna ʻōpū.

ʻO ka maʻamau, ma ke kikoʻī, ke kau ʻana, hāʻawi nā manu i 6 mau huaʻai. ʻO ka helu liʻiliʻi loa i hāʻawi ʻia e ka goose wahine he 3 mau huaʻai, ʻo ka nui loa 9. ʻO ka manu o nā hua ʻulaʻula, me nā ʻāpana kikoʻī.

Ma nā lā 23-26 e kū mai nei, honi ʻo ia i ka hua manu. Ke kūloʻe aku nā kāne ma kahi kokoke i nā manawa a pau, pale iā ia. ʻOi ka pua ʻoki mai nā hua, ma ke ʻano o ka hoʻoilo ʻana o nā holoholona makua wale nō. Inā noho malihini ʻenehana i ke kai kūlohelohe, hiki i ka pōʻai ke ola mai 19 a 26. E noho pio ai a hiki i nā makahiki 30-35.

Hele a me keʻano

ʻO nā Barnacles, nā ʻano o nā ʻano manu, he mau manu kai makemake a makemake e noho i kahi ʻohana. ʻO ka hui pū, hoʻolilo nā manu i nā huakaʻi i nā wahi hoʻoilo a me ka wīwī, hoʻākoakoa ʻia no ka molting a ʻaʻole hui pū me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe a me nā pika. ʻO nā maʻa maʻamau ʻo ka moa ma mua o ka wahine.

Hōʻike ʻia ka manawa hoʻokahe no nā kuʻuna i ka nalowale o ka hiki ke lele, no laila, i ka pale pono iā lākou iho mai nā ʻano mea aloha ʻole, hoʻopiʻi nā manu i nā hui nui. ʻO nā ʻenemi nui o nā kaheese i ka wā kaʻawale he poʻe lawaiʻa a me nā ʻalopelo arctic, e luku ana i nā nests a hopu wale i nā moa a me nā pākeke. Mai nā lawehala, hoʻopakele pinepine ʻia ka manu e ke holo ʻana, aia naʻe, maikaʻi ʻo ia.

I ka wā e hānai ana, ʻaihue ʻia nā manu, e kamaʻilio pū ana me kekahi. He leo nui kā lākou leo ​​a lohe ʻia i kahi mamao. ʻIke like me ka uahi eʻe a i ʻole he ʻakaʻī. ʻAno Hoʻo, e like me nā mea ʻē aʻe, nā nu mai kēlā makahiki a kēia makahiki ma nā wahi i kahi o hoʻokahi a me ka hapa haneli e hōʻuluʻulu ʻia i ka manawa like.

Luʻi kiaʻi

Ke kāohi ʻia no ka ʻeleʻele uliuli, ʻulaʻula a me ke keʻokeʻo a ʻulaʻula keʻokeʻo i kēia lā ua pāpā ʻia loa. ʻO ka poʻe e noho ana ma ke kaona o ka Lūkini Lūkini, i ka manawa hoʻokahi, ua hōʻeha nui ia i ka wā o ke kūkulu ʻana o ka ʻaila a me ka mīkini.

Ma ke ʻoli loa nā manu, ʻaʻole i pono kēia mea iā lākou, a ua paʻa wale nō i ka luku ʻia e ka poʻe luku a me ka poʻe pōʻaiʻai. No laila, i kēia manawa, ʻo ka ala maʻalahi e ʻike ai goose i ke kiʻi a i ʻole e kipa aku i kekahi o nā zoza kahi i hōʻike ʻia ai kēia mau manu.

ʻO ka ecology a me ka mālama

I loko o ka International Red Book, aia ka Red-breasted Goose i ke kūlana o kahi ʻano pili i kahi ulia e pili ana i ka pau piha EN) Ua kuhikuhi ʻia kēia kūlana ma muli o ka emi ʻana o ka nui o nā manu i ka hapalua ʻelua o ka kenekulia 20: ma ka 20 mau makahiki wale nō mai ka waena o ka makahiki 1950 a hiki i ka hapalua o ka makahiki 1970, ua emi loa ia mai ka 50 mau tausani a hiki i 22-27 tausani kanaka makua, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻoi aku 40% I kēia lā, ua hoʻokūpaʻa ʻia ʻo ia a ua manaʻo ʻia ka kokoke o 37 tausani kanaka makua.

Ua ʻōlelo ʻia kekahi o nā kumu nui o ka emi ʻana o ka helu o ka geese, he ʻano kūlohelohe a he anthropogen kekahi. I nā ʻōlelo Lūkini, ʻo ia kekahi o nā kumu nui ka hoʻomohala ʻenehana o ka ʻĀwana Lūkini, ʻo ia hoʻi ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka aila a me nā mahiʻai, ka ulu ʻana o ka lawaiʻa, ka hana paʻa ʻana o nā kolo, nā waʻa kaʻa a me nā mea hana ʻē aʻe.Hōʻike nā kumu i ka hōʻemi o nā mea hopohopo i ka hopena o ka makahiki 1980 i loaʻa ka hopena maikaʻi ma ka nui o nā manu. ʻO kekahi mea nui e pili pū me ka hana pilikino kūwaho a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka mākaʻikaʻi ma nā wahi nui o ka hoʻoilo a me ka ʻohana ʻana i ka wā o ka neʻe ʻana, kahi i hiki ai i kahi pōhuli nui i ka ʻike pono ʻole o nā biotopes, a ma kekahi mau manawa i ka nalo ʻana o lākou. Ua hana ʻia kēia i ka lawe ʻana aku i nā wahi kālaina mai ka palaoa a i ʻole, ʻoi aku ka pono o ka palaoa, ke aʻa a me ka ikehu, a me ka hemo ʻana o ka ʻāina mai ka laha ʻana i ka mahiʻai. No kekahi manawa lōʻihi, ua nui ka luhi o ka lele me nā mea pōkole, no ka mea, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o kā lākou kanaka e pili ana i ka noho ʻana o ke kanaka e hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā puʻupaʻa a me nā pōpoki. I kekahi manawa, hopu i nā kuikena no ka hōʻiliʻili o nā zoos i hana ʻia, a he mea hoʻopiʻi hewa nō hoʻi i ka nui o ko lākou poʻe.

ʻAʻole pili i nā kumu kumu o ke kaumaha i ka hana a ke kanaka a i ʻole kēia pilina pili. ʻO ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka nui o ka lemmings i nā makahiki i hala iho nei i pili i ke ʻano o ka hānai ʻana o nā ʻalopoki Arctic, i ka uku ʻana no ko lākou hemahema no nā manu nings, ʻo ia hoʻi ka nisa o ka ʻenekula ulaula. Me ka nui o ka hōʻino mai nā kaheʻe ʻehā, ʻo ke kaohi o ka honua i loko o ka nui o nā lehelehe peregrine i hoʻopili pū ʻia, a kokoke iā lākou ka mea e noho kūleʻa ai nā ʻenehana. I ka wā e hiki mai ana, hiki i ka mahanahana o ka honua ke hana i ka nohona ola o nā ʻano ʻākau he nui: hōʻike ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i ke kamepiula i ka hōʻemi 67 pākēnē i ka wahi o tundra ma 2070.

Ma kahi o ka Red Book of the International Union for Conservation of Nature, ʻo ka Goose Goose e pale ʻia e ka lehulehu o nā kuʻikahi o ka honua, ʻo ia hoʻi, ke kau ʻia nei ma kahi o ka Appendix II o ka CITES Convention (hōʻemi kālepa), Appendix II of the Bonn Convention, Apendise II of the Berne Convention, European Red List. I loko o ka Red Book o Rūsia, loaʻa i ke kuikona ke ʻano o nā ʻano līpana ʻokoʻa (kāʻei III). Aia kekahi o nā māla hānau kuʻuna a me nā wahi hana ʻona no loko o nā palena o nā wahi mālama ʻāina: ʻo ka Taimyr Nature Reserve, ka Purinsky, Kunovatsky, Elizarovsky, Belozersky a me nā palapala hoʻokaʻāina ʻo Manych-Gudilo, a me kekahi o nā ʻoihana o ka waiwai kūloko.

ʻO ka kumu o ke ʻano a me ka wehewehe

Kuhi: Goose Goose

ʻO Branta ruficollis (Red-throated Goose) he manu pili i ka kauoha Anseriformes, family Duck, henus goose. ʻO ke kauoha o Anseriformes, nona nā geese, he kahiko loa ia. ʻO ka anseriformes mua i noho i ka ʻāina ma ka pau loa o ka Cretaceous a i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka Paleocene o ka manawa Cenozoic.

Loaʻa ka fossil maikaʻi loa ma ʻAmelika, ʻo New Jersey ma kahi o 50 miliona mau makahiki. ʻO ka pili ʻana o kahi manu kahiko e like me ke kauoha a Anseriformes i hoʻoholo ʻia e ka moku o ka ʻēheu manu. ʻO ka ʻōlelo ʻana i nā manu anseriform ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa e hoʻomaka ana mai kahi ʻekahi ma ka ʻaoʻao hema hema o ka honua, i ka manawa, hoʻomaka nā manu e hoʻomohala i nā ʻāina hou. ʻO nā ʻano mea kanu Branta ruficollis i wehewehe mua ʻia e ka ʻepekema Kelemania ʻo Peter Simon Pallas i ka makahiki 1769.

ʻAuhea e noho ai ka Red-breasted Goose?

Kiʻi kiʻi: ʻO Goose ma Lūkia

ʻO ka noho ʻana o nā kahe ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula, ua palena iki. Noho ka manu i ka tundra mai ka moku ʻo Yamal Peninsula a i ke kahawai ʻo Khatanga a me ke kahawai ʻo Popigai. ʻO ka hapanui o ka heluna kanaka i nā nū ma ka ʻāina ʻo Taimyr a noho i nā kahawai ʻo Taimyr a me Pyasan. Eia kekahi, loaʻa kēia mau manu ma kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o ka muliwai Yuribey e kokoke ana i ka Lake Yaroto.

E like me nā manu manuahi manuahi, hele ʻia nā ʻenehana Red-breasted i nā wahi mahana no ka hoʻoilo. E aloha nā manu i ka hoʻoilo ma ke kahakai komohana o ka ʻeleʻele me ka Danube. Piʻi nā manu i ka hoʻoilo ma ka hopena o Kepakemapa. Ua aʻo ʻo Ornithologists i kahi ala e hele ai kēia mau manu. I ka lele ʻana, lele ka manu ma luna o ka hiʻu Ural i nā awāwa o nā muliwai kokoke, a laila nā manu, e hōʻea ana i Kazakhstan, hana i ke komohana komohana, lele ma laila, ma luna o nā ʻihi me nā wahi wai, nā mākaʻi ʻo Caspian e lele ma luna o Ukraine a noho paʻa i ka hoʻoilo ma nā kahakai o ka Pōʻele a me ka Danube.

I ka hele ʻana o ka hele, ua hoʻolōʻihi nā manu i mea e hoʻomaha ai a loaʻa i ka ikaika. Kūkulu ka ʻohana i nā kiʻina nui i kahi kokoke i ka ʻAlika Arctic ma nā wahi o ke kahe ʻana o Ob, ma ka ʻākau o Khanty-Mansiysk, ma ke ala pāka a me nā kaihi o Tobol ma nā awāwa o ka muliwai ʻo Manych, ma Rostov a me Stavropol. I ka wā e hānai ai, lele nā ​​manu i ka tundra, forest-tundra i nā wastelands. No ke ola, koho i nā wahi mahele kokoke i ke kahawai, hiki ke noho i nā pali a me nā pali kokoke kokoke i nā kahawai.

I kēia manawa ʻoe e ʻike ai i kahi i loaʻa ai ka kuʻu ʻulaʻulaʻula. E ʻike i nā mea e ʻai ai kēia manu.

Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me nā ʻano hana

Kuhi: Goose-pale umauma mai ka Puke ʻaha

He manu manu manu nā manu nā manu like ʻole. Hōʻike ka hoʻoilo i nā manu ma nā kahakai o ke Kaiʻula ma ka Danube. ʻO ka hapa nui ma Bulgaria a me Romania. Piʻi nā manu i ka hoʻoilo i nā lā hope o Kepakemapa, i ka puna i ko lākou hoʻi ʻana i ko lākou mau wahi huna i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o Iune. ʻAʻole like me nā kuika a me nā manu ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻole ka lele i ka wā neʻe i lele i loko o nā ʻohana nui, akā e neʻe i nā kolone mai 5 a 20 mau poa. Lele nā ​​manu i ka wahi i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ai i nā pakanikua i kūkulu ʻia i ka hoʻoilo. ʻO nā kahe ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula e like me ka noho ʻana ma luna o nā kahe wai o ka wai, ma ke ala lāʻau, kahi lāʻau-alahelehele, nā awāwa e kokoke ana i nā kahawai. I ka hōʻea ʻana, hoʻomaka koke nā manu e hoʻopiha i kā lākou mau hihi.

ʻO ka mea hoihoi: He kohu manuʻo Branta ka manu a lākou e hana ai i kā lākou ʻuhane ma hope o nā nīnū o nā manu nui o ka ʻai e like me ka perconine falcon, polar owl a i ʻole nā ​​kumuhā.

Mālama nā manu hihiu i kā lākou pūnana mai nā mammals o nā mea nāna e hopu (nā ʻalopū arctic, nā pōwaʻi, nā ʻīlio a me nā mea ʻē aʻe), aʻo ka pūnana o ka ʻuʻuku ka mea i hiki ʻole ʻia i nā ʻenemi. ʻO ia ʻano kaiāulu ke ala wale nō e hāpai i nā moa. ʻO ka noho ʻana i nā puu ākea a me nā pōʻino paha, he pilikia mau ka nice, no laila hoʻāʻo ʻo nā manu e kū ʻole a loaʻa i kahi hoalauna maikaʻi.

Ke hana nei ke Geese i ke ao. I ka pō, hoʻomaha ka manu ma ka wai a i ʻole nu. Loaʻa nā manu i kā lākou ʻai ma kahi kokoke i ka pūnana, a i ʻole kahi kokoke i kahi kō. I loko o nā ʻohana manu e ʻāʻī loa. Hoʻokumu ʻia ka hoʻolālā kanaka, ola nā manu ma kahi e waiho ana i nā pālua, a i ka hoʻoilo ka ʻākoakoa lākou e hōʻiliʻili ai i nā holoholona liʻiliʻi. ʻAʻohe pinepine nā hakakā ma waena o nā manu.

E makaʻala nui nā manu i ke kanaka, i ka manawa e hoʻāʻo ke kanaka e hoʻokokoke aku i ka nano, hoʻāla ka wahine iā ia a laila hoʻāʻo ʻo ia e lele manu me ka maikaʻi. I ka manawa like, hui ke kāne iā ia, lele ke kaʻa a puni ka lua, a hana i nā leo nui e hoʻāʻo nei e hoʻokuke aku i kahi kanaka. I kekahi manawa e aʻo ka neʻe e pili ana i ka hoʻokokoke ʻana a i ʻole kekahi kanaka i mua o lākou e hoʻomaopopo ʻia e pili ana i kēia mea e ka mea nāna e mālama. I kēia mau makahiki i hala iho nei, i ka hapanui o ka nui o ka lehulehu i hoʻopau ʻia, hoʻomaka kēia mau manu e mālama a hānai ʻia i loko o nā mea kanu like ʻole a me nā zoos. I ka hoʻopio, hānai nā manu i ka maikaʻi a lanakila.

ʻO ka hoʻolālā ʻenehana a me ka hana hou

ʻO ke kiʻi: hoʻokahi pānaʻi o Redose

Hiki ke kuʻu ʻōpio a pau i ka ʻōpū ʻōpio a 3-4 mau makahiki. Lele nā ​​manu i nā wahi i neoneo ai me nā neʻe mua i kūkulu ʻia, ma ka hiki ʻana i ka wahi i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ai lākou e kūkulu i nā ʻuʻuku. Kūkulu ʻia ka pūnana i ka hohonu o ka wai i hoʻopuni ʻia, i hoʻopiha ʻia me nā ʻōpala o nā huaʻai cereal a holoi ʻia me kahi papa o ka fluff. ʻO ka nui o ka nano i ka lōʻihi o ka 20 cm, ka hohonu o ka halihali a 8 cm.

Ma mua o ka moe ʻana, he ʻoluʻolu nā manu a me nā lekiʻi, e ʻauʻau ana nā manu i ka pōʻai, hoʻāloi i kā lākou mau beaks me ka wai i nā ʻano like ʻole. Ma mua o ka moe ʻana, lawe ke kāne i kahi pose ākea me nā ʻēheu e pālahalaha a hopu i ka wahine. Ma hope o ka moʻo ʻana, wehe ka manu i kā lākou mau manu, hohola i ko lākou mau ʻēheu i nā ʻaoʻao a kau aku i ko lākou ʻāʻī ikaika, a nui hoʻi, me ka piha me kā lākou mele ʻokoʻa.

Ma hope o kekahi manawa, e moe ka wahine mai ka 4 a 9 mauʻano o ka ʻulaʻula keʻokeʻo waiū. Hoʻomoe ka male 'ana o ka palaoa i ka 25 lā mau lā, e haki ka wahine i nā hua, aʻo ke kāne e kokoke kokoke ana, pale i ka ʻohana a lawe mai i ka wahine. Hānau ʻia ʻo Kohiki i ka hopena o Iune, ma ka manawa e hū ʻia nā ʻōpio, hoʻomaka nā mākua, a nalowale nā ​​mākua i ka hiki ke lele no kekahi manawa, no laila ola ka ʻohana holoʻokoʻa i nā ʻōpala e hoʻāʻo nei e peʻe i nā mākeke o ka mauʻu.

Hoʻopili pinepine nā ʻōpio mai nā mākua ʻē aʻe, ke kaʻi ʻana i loko o kahi ʻohana nui e mālama ʻia ana e nā manu makua. Ma ka hopena o ʻAukake, hoʻomaka ka lele liʻiliʻi ma nā ʻuʻu liʻiliʻi, a i ka hopena o Kepakemapa, lele nā ​​ʻuala me nā manu ʻē aʻe no ka hoʻoilo.

ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o ka Red-throated Goose

Kuhi: ʻO Goose ma ka wai

He nui wale nā ​​ʻuʻuku ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula i loko o ka nahele, a me ka ʻole o ka pale o nā manu ikaika o ka ʻai, he mea paʻakikī loa kēia mau ola anseriformes e ola ai.

ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o kēia mau manu.

He manu liʻiliʻi nā manu geantant, a he mea paʻakikī iā lākou ke pale iā lākou iho. Inā hiki i nā manu makua ke holo wikiwiki a lele, ʻaʻole hiki i nā juvenile ke pale iā lākou iho. Eia kekahi, ʻo nā manu makua i ka wā molting e lilo i mea maʻalahi loa, e nalowale ana i ka hiki ke lele. No laila, i ka wā o ka lawena, hoʻāʻo nā manu i ka manawa a pau i lalo o ke au o kahi predator hulu manu, kahi e mālama ai i kāna pūnana, mālama pū ʻia i kahi pua o ka kuʻekuʻe.

ʻO ka mea mahalo: No ka mea o kā lākou mālamalama māmā, ʻaʻole hiki i nā manu ke hūnā maikaʻi, pinepine ka pūnana me kahi wahine e noho ana ma luna o ia mea e ʻike ʻia mai kahi mamao aku, akā ʻaʻole ia mea maʻalahi loa. Hōʻike pinepine ʻia nā manu e pili ana i ka pōʻino ma mua o ka hiki ʻana mai o ka ʻenemi, a hiki iā ia ke mālama e lele a lawe i nā cubs i kahi palekana.

Eia naʻe, ke kumu nui o ka ʻenemi he kanaka a me kāna mau hana. ʻOiai naʻe ka pāpā ʻia o ka kuʻuna o kēia ʻano, ʻaʻole i manaʻo kekahi i ka nui o nā mea i make i ka poachers i hoʻokahi makahiki. Ma mua, ʻo ka ʻae ʻana no kēia mau manu, ua ʻoki loa ʻia ka poʻe kuʻuna e ʻimi no lākou. ʻO kekahi kumu maikaʻi aʻe ʻo ia ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā pūnaewele puni manu e nā kānaka. ʻO ka hana ma nā wahi me ka aila o ka aila, hana a me nā mea kanu.

Nā kiaʻi kiaʻi ʻōkuhi umauma pāpū

Kuhi: Goose-pale umauma mai ka Puke ʻaha

ʻO nā hana a nā kānaka i ka manawa hoʻokahi hoʻopau i luku ʻia ka nui o ka puʻukū ʻulaʻula, a kōkua pū hoʻi e hoʻopakele i kēia mau manu mai ka luku piha ʻana. Ma hope o ka pāpā ʻana i ka hopu, hopu a kūʻai aku i nā manu i hoʻolauna ʻia, hoʻonui pinepine ka heluna o nā ʻano. Mai ka makahiki 1926, hoʻomaka ka poʻe ornithologists e hoʻopili i kēia mau manu i ke pio ʻana. No ka mea mua, ua hoʻohuli ʻo ia i mea e ulu manu ai kēia mau manu capricious i loko o ka mea mālama ulu Trest kaulana, aia i ʻEnelani. ʻO nā hua mua o nā manu o kēia ʻano ma ko mākou ʻāina, ua loaʻa mua i ka Moscow Zoo i ka makahiki 1959. I kēia mau lā, pōmaikaʻi nā manu i nā mea hānai a me nā zoos, ma hope o ka hana ʻana i nā mea kanu ornithologists i ka manu i ka holoholona hihiu, a hoʻokuʻu iā lākou i loko o kā lākou wahi kūlohelohe.

Ma nā wahi nui o kēia mau manu, ua kūkulu ʻia nā wahi kūlohelohe a me nā wahi mālama i kahi e noho mālie ai nā manu a hānai i nā hua. Ma nā wahi o ka hoʻoilo o nā manu, ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā ʻona palekana ʻokoʻa. Hāpai ʻia ka heluna o nā manu holoʻokoʻa, a ʻo ka nui o ka lehulehu, nā ala e hele ai, ka ʻāina o ke ola o nā manu ma nā wahi e pili ana i ka hoʻoilo a me ka hoʻoilo e ka poʻe mālama manu.

No ka mālama ʻana i nā manu o ka manu, pono mākou e makaʻala me ke ʻano a me ka hoʻāʻo ʻole e hoʻohaumia i ke kaiapuni. No ke kūkulu ʻana i nā hale mālama i loko o nā hale hana i hāʻule ʻole ai nā mea kīhāpai i loko o ka wai a ʻaʻole hoʻohaumia i ke kaiapuni. E hoʻohana i nā wahi ʻala. E hoʻāʻo e hana hou i nā hoʻokolohua a hoʻohana ʻia i ka hana hoʻi ʻana. ʻAʻole e kōkua kēia mau hana i ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i ka nui o ka goose, akā e hoʻoikaika hou i ke ola no nā mea ola a pau.

Luʻi manu keu nani. Ka poʻe akamai lākou, he pono ko lākou ala no ke ola ʻana i loko o nā holoholona hihiu, eia naʻe kekahi mau kumu e kūʻaole ʻole ai nā ʻano palekana e like me ka hoʻololi ʻana e pili ana i ke aniani, ka lele ʻana a me ka hiki ʻana mai o ka poʻe i nā ʻano kūlohelohe o nā manu. Hiki i nā kānaka ke pale aku i nā kuihi ʻulaʻula ulaula, a hoʻihoʻi i ka nui o kēia mau manu, e hana mākou no nā hanauna o hope.