Palapala Latin: | Larus ridibundus |
Kaulana: | Charadriiformes |
Kāohana: | Nā Waiakahu |
Kau koho: | ʻO ka wehewehe ʻōiwi Europa |
ʻAno a me ke ʻano. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO nā'ōpala kaulana, o nā mea maʻamau ka mea liʻiliʻi loa. ʻO nā liʻiliʻi a me ka samo i ka hina hina, nā lele me nā ʻēheu wikiwiki. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino 38-44 cm, kaupaona 200-300 g, nā pihi 94-105 cm.ʻO nā noke i nā kolone nui i nā pulu.
ʻO keʻano. ^ E Ha yM. I nā manu pākeke, i ke kauwela, kahi poʻo keʻokeʻo me kahi aniani keʻokeʻo piha ʻole a puni ka maka (ke “ʻokeʻokeʻo” eyelids ”), ʻāwī a ʻulaʻula hoʻi nā wāwae, ʻeleʻele hina nā pihi ma luna, me nā hulu ʻēheʻe keʻokeʻo a me kahi ʻōuli ʻeleʻele ma ka hope. Mālama koke kēia kiʻi i kou maka mai kahi mamao loa a he hōʻailona definitive. ʻO ka manu nūnū nui wale ka mea i loaʻa i ke kūkulu hema ma Russia, i like ke ʻano me nā hulu ʻulaʻula. ʻO ke koena o ka hulu i ka hina hina. ʻO nā peʻaleʻa haʻahaʻa a ʻeleʻele a pulu hina paha ka lei lalo. I ka hoʻoilo, ua nalowale ka brown "helikopter" i ka hoʻoilo, ua waiho wale ʻia kahi hina hina ma hope o ka maka. ʻO nā ʻōpala o nā kahe ʻōpio ke like me ka hulu o nā poʻo like me nā manu makua i ka hoʻoilo.
He wahi ʻeleʻele liʻili ma hope o ka maka a me kahi ʻeleʻele ma ka pāpale ka hulu o ka manu ma kahi o ka hoʻoilo, a laila i lilo ke poʻo i nā manu makua i ka hoʻoilo. ʻO ka keokeo ke kino he keʻokeʻo, akā, ʻo nā manu ʻōpio nā mea i hala iki aku i ka nuku e loaʻa pinepine i kahi ʻōpala. ʻO ka keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo, nā ʻāʻī a me nā ʻaoʻao o ka umauma. Holo ka ʻōnū brown i ka hulu o ka hulu o ka ʻēheu, he ʻoniʻuli ʻeleʻele mau ka hulu lua, ka mea e kaila ʻia ka ʻalani ʻoniʻoni i ka ʻala manu ʻōiwi mua. Holo ka ʻōniu keʻokeʻo ma nā hulu hulu o ka manu, e like me nā manu makua. Ke keʻokeʻo ka ʻili ʻo kahi kaula lime apiki ʻeleʻele. He ʻulaʻula wale ka nuku. He keʻokeʻo a he melemele paha nā wāwae. ʻO nā manu i loko o ka lole kauwela mua i loaʻa i ka pōʻai a me ka ʻaukala pōkole piha. Mai ka hoʻoilo o ka lua, ua loaʻa ka loko o ka loko i kahi pākeke a nā pākeke, kahi beakula ʻulaʻula me nā ʻeleʻele a me nā wāwae ʻulaʻula. He ʻulaʻula a ke anu.
Maikaʻi ka ʻāhinahina ʻeleʻele e hoʻokaʻawale i nā mea ʻē aʻe. Ma waena o nā mea huluhulu i loaʻa ma ka ʻāpana o ka Lūkia o Rūsia, nā ʻano like o nā ʻēheu e hele wale ana i loko o ka manu nunu, ʻike ʻia e ka beak ʻoi lōʻihi a me ke poʻo māmā i ke kauwela. ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka ʻōpiu liʻiliʻi, ʻeleʻele nā pualikoa ma ke kauwela ma mua o kahi pāpaʻi ʻona pōpoki. ʻO ka ʻeleʻele a ka mea nona ka lauoho i ke kauwela he ʻeleʻele hoʻi, ʻaʻole i ke poʻo poloka, nā ʻēheu me ka pau ke keʻokeʻo me ke kumu ʻulaʻula, ʻoi ka lāʻau ma mua o ka loko o ka loko. ʻO nā melemele Downy he ʻeleʻele-ʻulaʻula ma luna me nā wahi ʻeleʻele, ka māmā o ka lalo. ʻO ka beak i ulana ia me kahi hopenaʻeleʻele. ʻEleʻele nā wāwae.
He leo leo. ^ E Ha yM. Manu kani nui, ʻano nui i nā kolone. Ka piliona maʻa mau "kjarrr"A i ʻole nā mea like, pinepine pinepine i kekahi manawa.
Ka hopena, kūlana. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO ka mea maʻamau a maʻamau ka ulu ma nā ʻāina ʻo Eurasian, mai Iceland a me nā Pelekānia Pelekane a hiki i Kamchatka a me ka Primorsky Territory o Rūsia. Pēlā pū kekahi a me nā wahi ma Greenland. I Lūkia Rusia, ʻo nā ʻano kanu maʻamau mai ka ʻāina Arkhangelsk. i nā Kaukausila, lehulehu i ka lele a loaʻa ʻole i ka hoʻoilo. ʻO ka hapanui o nā manu e hoʻi mai ko lākou ʻāina hoʻoilo i ka wā mua o ʻApelila Hoʻonohonoho ka ʻaoʻao hoʻoilo i ka hapa nui o ʻEulopa, ke kahakai ʻo ʻAmelika ma Komohana Komohana, a me nā ʻĀpelika a me ʻAmelika Hema o ka Moana o Initia, a me Asia Hema.
Ke noho maʻamau. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO nā popoki ma nā kolana, ʻoi pū kekahi me nā gulls, nā muliwai, ʻeleʻele a i ʻole nā ʻina keʻokeʻo. ʻO nā kolana, e like me ke kānāwai, aia ma nā mokupuni a ma nā ʻano ʻē ʻole ʻē aʻe, e ʻike pinepine ʻia nā māla pākuʻi, a helu i nā helu he mau tausani. No ka kūkulu ʻana i kahi pūnana, hoʻohana ʻo ia i nā māka o nā ʻohe a me nā mea kanu kokoke i ka wai. E hoʻopili ʻia, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, 2-3 oole a ʻona paha, me nā wahi ʻona liʻiliʻi. Hōʻike mau nāele mai ka Pōʻalua a hiki i ka waena o Iune. Hoʻopili ʻia nā wahine no 21-25 mau lā. Hoʻomaka ka pipiʻi ma ka lele ma hope o ʻekolu pule.
ʻAno ke kai. Mālama ia i nā mea inikini a me nā invertebrates, iʻa liʻiliʻi, nā hua a me nā huaʻai, nā meaʻai a me nā mea liʻiliʻi. Loaʻa pinepine ia i nā pepeke i ka lele.
Ke ʻano o ke kahe loko
I ka lōʻihi, hiki ke kino o kēia mau manu i ka 38-44 cm.hola nā ʻēheu mai ka 94 a 105 cm. ʻO ke kaumaha o ka pākeke ma waena o 250 a 350 gram.
Aia nā lihilihi o ke kaʻe - aia kahi kapa ʻeleʻele ma ke kua o ka ʻēheu, a he keʻokeʻo ākea ma mua. I ke kauwela, ʻo ke poʻo i ka kua o ke poʻo ka ʻulaʻulaʻula. ʻO nā kala keʻokeʻo a me ka māmā e hoʻohālikelike nui. Ua hoʻopuni ʻia nā maka e ke aniani keʻokeʻo o keʻokeʻo. ʻEleʻele ka piliona, keʻokeʻo ma ke ʻano. Ma ke kauoha ua loaʻa kahi ʻāpana ʻulaʻula saturated.
ʻO ka māka ʻeleʻele ka pihi i maopopo ke kumu o ka poʻo.
ʻO ke kala nui o ka plumage he keʻokeʻo me ka tinge pink. Ke poʻo hina ka waihona kumu. ʻO ka hoʻonaninani o nā wāwae he like no ke ʻano o ka beak. Ke keokeo ke poʻo i ka hoʻoilo, aia nā kalaʻulaʻula ma nā ʻaoʻao. Kāpili ʻia nā ʻōpiopio i nā kala hina. Hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻēheu me kahi nui o nā palona a me nā ʻulaʻula. ʻEleʻele nā wāwae a me ka beak. Aia kahi ʻāpana kalaʻeleʻele ma ka huelo.
E hoʻolohe ana i ka leo o ke kaʻe loko
I nā mau makahiki i hala aku nei, ua loaʻa pinepine nā gulls loko i nā ʻāpana ʻāina i nā kūlanakauhale. ʻIke ʻia lākou ma hope o nā ʻohi hana hoʻopukapuka iʻa. Hiki ke loaʻa ka meaʻai ma ka ʻāina, ka wai a me ka lewa. Ua koho ʻo lake gull no nā kai a me nā kahawai wai. Piʻi e holo pono i kahakai a ʻaʻole mamao. He ʻāʻī nui kēia mau manu. Hana lākou i nā ʻāʻī ʻāwīwī i loaʻa iā lākou mākaʻikaʻi. I ka kaiāulu ʻepekema ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia "ʻo ka ʻakaʻaka o nā kūpeʻe wili."
He manu make manu nā ʻeleʻele a ka luna i kapa.
ʻO ka pilina a me ka lōʻihi
Ke lilo nei kēia mau manu i ka ulu wahine ma ke ʻano he 2 makahiki. ʻO ka honu nā loko i loko o nā koloni, ʻo ka nui o nā helu he mau tausani. E hana ana i ka pale ma ka wahi like, e hele nā manu i laila i ke kakahiaka mua o ʻApelila. Kuhi ʻia kēia mau manu monogamous i mau makahiki. Aia ka hona ma nā pūkuniʻu ma nā mokupuni - no ka pale aku i nā poʻe koa. Aia ka keʻena maʻamau ma kahi e pili ana i ka pā, e pili ana i 50 cm.
Ke lele ʻana i ka loko gull.
No ka hana ʻana i nā nests i hoʻohana i nā mea kanu aku. ʻO ka ʻili kēia e pili ana i nā ʻōpala o ka ʻoi, ʻohe, ʻekehe. Hoʻokomo ʻia ʻo Clutch ma kahi he 2-3 mau huaʻai. Inā lele koke nā hua a ialo paha, a laila e hoʻopili ka wahine i ka lua. Heli hua hua no 22-24 mau lā, ʻo ka wahine a me ke kāne ke hana. Uhiʻi i nā pua momona i kāwili pū ʻia. ʻAe kēia iā lākou i ka ʻike ʻole i ke kaiapuni. Hoʻomaka lākou e lele i ka makahiki 1 o ka mahina. He manu lōʻihi kēia mau manu, ma ka hihiu noho lākou a hiki i 60 mau makahiki.
Inā loaʻa ʻoe i kahi hala, e koho i kahi ʻāpana a me ka paʻi Ctrl + Kākau.
Mālama
ʻO nā honu nui i nā kaila wai wai liʻiliʻi ma nā kolana, ʻo ka nui o ka hiki ke loaʻa i hoʻokahi mau tausani pailua. Hoʻopaʻa pinepine ʻo ia i nā kūlanakauhale nui a me nā kīʻaha meaʻai. I ka lole o ka moena, i waena o kekahi mau ʻano o nā gull, kahi ʻeleʻele a me ke poʻo keʻokeʻo a kahi ākea keʻokeʻo. ʻO kēia kekahi o nā gull maʻamau i ka honua - ʻo kāna huina oi aku ka ʻoi aku o 2 miliona mau pālua.
Nā kikowaena waena
He ʻuhane i ke kahe o ke Kai ʻeleʻele i ke ala a pau i komohana. Ke Komohana o Western, Hema a me ʻEnelani i ka kenekulia 19-20, ua ulu nui ka laulā ma ka hapanui o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka mahiʻai a me ka ʻoihana. Ma ka ʻāpana ʻāina o ʻEulopa, ka palena hema o ka palena ma waena o Farani, ke kahawai ʻo Po ma kahiki ʻo Italia, Serbia, Bulgaria, ke kahakai ʻo Black Black, Transcaucasia a me ke Kai Caspian. Loaʻa mau i ka wahi ma ke kikowaena o ka Iberian Peninsula a ma ke komohana ʻākau o ka Mediterranean. Kūpono ma Corsica, Sardinia a me Sisila. Ma ʻākau ʻEulopa, nā mokulele ma ka mokupuni Pelekane a me Faroe, ma Scandinavia ma ke kapakai.
Ma Lusia, e piʻi i ka ʻākau i ke kai ʻo Kandalaksha ma ke Kai Kai o luna, ka muliwai kiʻekiʻe. Vychegda ma kahi o Arkhangelsk, 60 ° C. w lu. i na Ural, 67 ° c. w lu. i loko o Ob wai, 65 ° C. w lu. ma ka Yenisei, 68 ° C. w lu. ma ke awawa o Lena, 69 ° C. w lu. ma Kolyma ame 61 ° C. w lu. ma ke kapakai o ka Kai Bering. E holo ana ka palena hema ma Asia ma waena o 40 ° C. w lu. aia ma ka moku o ke Kaiā Caspian, nā ʻaoʻao hema o ke Kai Aral, nā awāwa o nā muliwai a me nā loko Syr Darya, Son-kul, Issyk-Kul, Zaysan, Markakol, Ubsu-Nur, Tuul a me Buir-Nur. ʻIke ʻia ma ka hikina ma Kamchatka, ma Primorye, Sakhalin a me ka Panina kahiki ʻo Heilongjiang.
I nā kenekulia 20, hoʻomaka ʻo ia e hū aku ma waho o nā palena o ka ʻāina: ma Iceland (mai 1911), ma ka hema-komohana o Greenland (mai 1969) a me Fr. Newfoundland (mai 1977) i kahi o ke kahakai o ʻAmelika Hema.
Nā Moho
Migratory, kekahi manuahi pōʻaiʻi, a i ʻole manu i noho ai. Ke neʻe nei i nā pōkāleʻa ʻākau o Ianuali ma kahi o −2.5 ° C. Aia i ke Komohana a me ʻEulopa a me ka hapa nui, ʻoiai lākou i loko o nā wahi waena e neʻe mua ai lākou. Hoʻonui ka hapelē o ka neʻe ʻana mai ke komohana a i ka hikina. ʻO ka wina i ka hema a me ke komohana o Ianuali isotherm he 0 ° C - ka hapa nui o ʻEulopa, nā wahi kahikilika o ka Caribbean, Black, Caspian moana, India a me Pacific Pacific, a me ka mokupuni ʻo Iapana. E hoʻomaka ana i ka hapa ʻelua o ka kenekulia 20, ua ulu ʻo ka hoʻoilo ma kahi o ka ʻeleʻele i kahi o ka Palearctic - i loko o ʻAmelika ma waena o Atlantika a Nigeria a i ka moana India ma Kenya a me Tanzania, ma ʻAmelika Hikina ma ke kahakai hikina mai Newfoundland a New York.
Hoʻaiho
I ka wā mālama, e ola nui ana ia i nā kai i uka me nā ʻūhā a me nā mea ʻala o ke kumulāʻau - mau loko, nā ʻōpio a me nā awāwa wai, nā loko, nā ʻulupua, nā pā kihi, kahi e pili ai i nā wai pāpaku a me nā mokupuni nui. ʻO nā ʻaheʻe mau loa i ke kai kahakai i nā pā kai, nā loko, a me nā pā. I kēia mau makahiki i hala iho nei, ua lilo i mea hou a synanthropus, i ka ʻimi ʻana i ka mea hānai, hoʻokae ʻana i nā ʻona ʻāina ʻāina, nā mea hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i nā iʻa, nā ʻāpana kūʻai māmā a me nā kino wai o ke kūlanakauhale. Ma ka neʻe ʻana a me nā hoʻoilo i nā wahi hoʻoilo, loaʻa ka hapa nui ma ke kahakai a ma ka deltas o nā muliwai nui.
Mea ʻai
ʻO ke kumu o ka meaʻai i nā holoholona invertebrate - nā wīwī, nā manu, nā pīpī a me kā lākou huaʻī, nā dipterans a me nā mea hihiu ʻē aʻe. Mai ka ʻai holoholona, ʻai pū kekahi i nā iʻa liʻiliʻi a me nā kiʻi like-mouse, e like me nā vole hina. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nā mea ʻai me nā koena ʻāina i nā wahi kākala, ma nā wahi e hoʻolaʻa ai i nā iʻa a me nā huahana, a ma nā kūlanakauhale. Hoʻokaʻa ʻia ka beage mai ka maka o ka wai, ma ka ʻāina a me ka lewa.
Nā hiʻohiʻona a me ka noho ʻana o ka loko wai
Ke manu nei kēia manu, migratory, transmitly lele a hoʻoilo i ka hoʻoilo i nā helu liʻiliʻi. Kālā manu puʻu manu gull e like me ka manu nunu nui. ʻO ka lōʻihi kāne ākea a hiki i 43 cm, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka wahine - 40 cm.
Loaʻa nā ʻēheu o nā kāne ʻelua a hiki i 100 cm ma ke kūpaʻa. wehewehe ʻana o kahi loko gull aia kahi hiʻohiʻona ʻē aʻe mai nā manu ʻē aʻe - ʻo kona kāʻei moe. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia ke poʻo o ka manu i ka brownish browns, aʻo ke kīleʻa nui e keʻokeʻo.
Aia wale ma ke kua a ma luna o nā ʻēheu o ke kai kūleʻe he mauʻu hina me he hulu ʻulaʻula ʻike ʻia. ʻOkoʻa nā ʻōleʻa o nā kahe ʻōpio i nā pākeke me ko lākou hulu. Ua kāohi ʻia lākou i nā kala hina, ʻulaʻula a me ka puehu.
ʻO ka beak o nā manu he waiwai cherry waiwai, ko ke kala like ʻole o ko lākou mau wāwae. Hoʻopili ʻia nā aniani o kā lākou mau pūlima i ʻulaʻula inā e nānā ʻoe kiʻi o kekahi wai gull paʻakikī e hoʻopaʻa i kou ʻakaʻaka.
ʻO kahi mea pena me kahi pale polū ma kona maka a me ke poʻo i hōʻike koke i ke aloha. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka noho ʻana o ka manu. Hiki ke loaʻa ma nā wahi o Eurasia, a ma kona mau wahi anuanu. Ua nānā lōʻihi loa ia e nā kānaka ma Norewani a me Islande.
ʻEleʻele i loko o Gull i ka lele
Ma kahi o 100 makahiki i hala aku nei, ua manaʻo nā kānaka he ino wale nā loko o ka loko i ka iʻa. Hoʻomaka lākou e pana a luku i nā hua. Mai ia manawa, ua hōʻemi iki ʻia kā lākou helu. Akā ʻaʻole emi ka mea kaulana o kā lākou hua i waena o nā kānaka.
Ihi ʻia o hua e kūʻai ʻia, ʻai ʻia. ʻO ka maʻamau ka hōʻiliʻili mai nā ness nā hua manu ma ke ana ʻelua wale nō. Inā nui he nui o nā hua, a laila ʻalipō kā lākou i loko o kēlā pūnana. Nā iho guha loko gull kapili maoli i ka nahele a me nā loko, i kā lākou mea kanu lou. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hālāwai me lākou i nā kahawai a me nā paʻakai paʻakai. I ka nīnau kahi hoʻoheheʻe ʻia nā wai ʻAʻohe pane hoʻokahi.
Ke neʻe nei i ke anuanu, hoʻomaka lākou e neʻe i kahi keena wela. Ke koho nei kekahi o lākou i nā moana o ʻEleʻele a me Caspian no ka hoʻoilo, lele ka poʻe i nā kahakai ʻo ʻAmelika, ʻAsia, ke Kola Penina, a me ke Kīwī Persian.
ʻO ke ʻano a me ke ʻano o ke ʻano o ka loko wai
Hoʻopiha ʻia ke kumu waena waena i nā ʻohi wai mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ʻApelila. Hōʻalo nā ʻohana o nā manu i ka wā o ka lele. Hana nō kekahi poʻe i kēia hana i ka wā hana, ma ka hiki ʻana mai. Loaʻa nā ʻāpana ʻāpana kūleʻa i nā ʻāpana ʻokoʻa.
I ka awelika, ua hāʻawi ʻia kahi wahi liʻiliʻi no hoʻokahi pūnana, i loko o kahi radius o 35-45 cm a puni ka monastery o ka manu. Ma nā wahi kahi i pālahalaha ka nui o nā ʻōhumu o ka manu a ua pālahalaha loa ia a ke kiʻekiʻe o ke anawaena o 40 cm. I ka laulā, i nā ʻuʻuku o nā loko a loko i nā kāmela ka hana a nā mea ʻili.
ʻO kā lākou mau kahe kai ke ikaika i ke ao. Ua hāʻule kā lākou huehue i ke kakahiaka a me ke ahiahi. Hola kēlā me kēia makahiki, alakaʻi ka manu i kahi ʻano hana nohona pili. No ko lākou wahi, koho i nā kolone manu i nā wahi hiki ʻole ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia. Kahi pono kahi e nīhi ai i ka nui o ka walaʻau a me ka uē ʻana mai ke kaʻe loko. Ke hoʻonui ʻia nei o nā kolana me ka hiki ʻana mai o kona poʻe noho hou.
He mau manu manu manu e noho ʻa ana i ka wā o ʻApelila a hiki i kēlā me kēia manawa ke holo mai kahi a kahi i kahi e ʻimi ai i ka ʻai. ʻO ʻEulopa ʻo Western ka mea momona loa me kēia mau manu, i kekahi manawa a hōʻiliʻili paha i 100 mau pūʻulu ma laila i kekahi kolone.
I kēia mau makahiki i hala aku nei, ʻike ʻia nā loko o nā kahe i ke kai wai ʻana. Maʻalahi koke e hiki iā lākou ke loaʻa nā hana iʻa me ka ʻimi ʻana a e noho kokoke iā lākou. ʻO ka puʻu gull he puʻupuʻu nui a he uē hoʻi. ʻO nā leo āna e hana ai, ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia he ʻakaʻawa a kahi kūloko.
ʻO ka kumu o ke ʻano a me ka wehewehe
Kiʻi ʻO: Lake Gull
I ka holoʻokoʻa, ka mea i ʻōlelo mua i ka ʻohana gull i ka makahiki 18. Aia a hiki i kēia manawa, ʻaʻole ʻike ka poʻe i ka inoa o kēia manu me ka pili, akā aia wale nō ka manaʻo i ke ʻano pū me ke kani ʻana e hana ai.
ʻO keʻano kikoʻī, ua loaʻa kēia ʻano gull ma o ka ulu ʻana a me ke ʻano o nā ʻano hou. E like me kekahi holoholona, kūleʻa nā gull i ke kaiapuni a hoʻomau i kā lākou lāhui. ʻO ia ke kumu i hoʻopiʻi i ka nānā ʻana o ia manu me ke kaʻe ʻāʻā wai.
ʻO ka loko kō ʻaneʻu ka mea maʻamau o nā ʻohana gull. Hoʻopili maoli ʻia lākou i ka honua holoʻokoʻa, akā ʻo ka hapanui o lākou he i Europa. Eia kekahi, ʻo kēia manu ʻuʻuku ka liʻiliʻi loa ma kāna ʻohana nui, aia ma mua o 40 mau ʻano o nā ʻano gull.
ʻO ka poʻe he nui ka manaʻo o ka loko gull ka mea maikaʻi loa i ka papa o ka charadriiformes, aia nō hoʻi nā manu e like me ka Magpie, magpie, avdotki, snipe a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.
Nā hiʻohiʻona a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Kiʻi ʻO: Lake Gull
Lake gulle like me kā mākou i ʻōlelo ai he manu liʻiliʻi ʻuʻuku. Hiki i kona mau dimensional ke lōʻihi aku o 38 mau kenimika ma ka lōʻihi. He liʻiliʻi nō hoʻi nā ʻēheu o nā ʻano a mākou e noʻonoʻo nei - wale 90 kenimika, a ʻo kona koʻikoʻi ma kēia hihia ma waena o 200 a 350 gram. ʻAʻohe melemele ka nui o ka loko o ke loko, e like me ka hapa nui o nā gulls, akā heʻeleʻele lahilahi.
I waena o nā hiʻohiʻona o ka hiʻohiʻona o ka loko gull, hiki i ka mea ke hōʻike i ka mea i hoʻololi ʻia kona plumage e like me ka manawa o ka makahiki. I ka hoʻoilo, ua keʻokeʻo kona poʻo i ke keʻokeʻo, a i ke kauwela he saturated ʻeleʻele.Hoʻohālike ʻia kekahi me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe o ka ʻohana gull ma muli o kāna ʻano keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo, aia ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka ʻēheu i mua. Ma ke ala, e pili ana i 2 mau makahiki he nui no ka plumage ka loko o ka loko wai.
Heʻokoʻa a ka plumage o nā moa mai nā mea pākeke. Ua kāohi ʻia lākou i ka ʻulaʻulaʻula ma nā ʻēheu. He hina nā wāwae, no laila mai ka ʻaoʻao e hele mau ana ke kao ma luna o ka lepo lepo.
He leo nui loa nā leo o nā loko o ke kai. ʻ saylelo ʻepekema nei ke ʻano like ʻole nā leo a lākou e hana ai i nā manu hani, akā he manawaleʻa lākou, no laila ua like lākou me ka ʻakaʻaka.
ʻAuhea ke ola o ka loko e noho ai?
Kiʻi ʻO: Lake Gull
Noho ka loko gulls i ka hona anuau e noho nei, akā ʻo kā lākou mau subtropical a me nā wahi o ke anilana o ka latitu ʻākau i komo pū lākou i kā lākou wahi neʻe.
Aia, loaʻa nā ʻōpū o nā loko i ke kahakai o ke kai, ʻo ka mea nui o ka ʻaoʻao ʻeleʻele. Hiki i kēia ʻano gull i nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe:
Ma ko mākou ʻāina, hiki ke ʻike ʻia ma nā kahakai o ke Kaiʻula, ke kai Bering, kokoke i Arkhangelsk a me ke awāwa o nā kahawai like ʻole, e like me Lena, Ob, Yenisei a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.
ʻOiaʻiʻo: ʻO ka pinepine, lele ka ʻalohi manu i ka ʻāina hou i loko o nā hipa liʻiliʻi, e neʻe ana i loko o ke ʻano o kahi tiʻi.
ʻO ka manawa hou aʻe, hoʻomaka hou ka loko lawaiʻa i nā makahiki ma hope o kahi kanaka. Hoʻomaka kekahi mau kanaka e kūkulu i kā lākou nests kokoke i nā kauhale liʻiliʻi. ʻO kēia mau ʻano ikaika i ka ʻamoʻiwa kai, ʻoiai lākou i mea e hoʻāʻo ai e loaʻa ka ʻai hou aku ma mua o ke kahakai ke hiki iā lākou ke hāʻawi.
He aha kokaʻia kekahi loko gull?
Kiʻi ʻO: Lake Gull
ʻAno like ka ʻai o ke kahe a loko o ke ʻano he kahe, akā ʻo ka mea mua ma mua o ke kau ʻana o ka pūnana manu. Inā pili ka pili i ka pili i ke kai, a laila maʻamau ka ʻai o kēia manu i nā holoholona invertebrate (earthworms, dragonflies, beetles, larvae and others). Eia nō hoʻi, mai kēlā manawa kēia manawa, ʻaʻole ka manaʻo o ka loko loko e ʻai ana i nā iʻa liʻiliʻi a me nā limahana liʻiliʻi, e like me ke kīleʻa pāmu.
Ma ke hihia a mākou i manaʻo ai i ka ʻāpana i mua, i ka wā e noho ai nā manu kokoke i ka noho ʻana o nā kānaka, mālama lākou i ka ʻai i nā kīloi ma nā kīʻaha hale, a me nā ʻoihana limahana māmā.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me nā ʻano hana
Kiʻi ʻO: Lake Gull
Lake gull ʻaʻole hoʻokahi hiʻohiʻona ʻano. ʻO ka ʻikepili he mau migratory a noho ʻia. Ma ke komohana a me ka hema o ʻEulopa, ʻaʻole ka hona o nā ʻano like ʻole e pili ana i ka mahana. ʻAʻole naʻe e pili kēia kānāwai i nā ʻāina waena, no ka mea ma loko o lākou he mau manu ma hope o 0 degere Celsius e hoʻomaka kokoke e lele a kokoke i nā kapakai o nā moana.
Mai nā makahiki 1900, hoʻomaka maila nā pua o nā loko o nā loko i kahakai e ʻike ʻia ma nā kahakai o ka moana ʻo ʻAleka, ma ʻAmelika.
ʻOiaʻiʻo: Hiki i ka lawaiʻa ke ʻano maʻalahi i nā wahi noho, no ka mea hoʻoilo ʻole ka wā hoʻoilo no lākou.
ʻO ka wai mau gulls ka nui loa i ka kakahiaka a me ke ahiahi. I ke ao holoʻokoʻa, hiki iā lākou ke hoʻopau i ka kūkulu ʻana i kā lākou ʻuʻuku a huli i ka ʻai. Aia i kahi o kā lākou nest, koho pinepine kēia mau manu i kekahi mau wahi i hiki ʻole ʻia. No laila hoʻāʻo lākou e pale iā lākou iho a me kā lākou mau moa mai nā ʻano ʻē aʻe i waho. Hiki ke maʻalahi e ʻike i nā wahi e pili ana i nā ʻenemi e hōʻike ana i ka ʻano o nā loko gull.
Hoʻohana ʻia nā loko gulls i ke kūkulu i kā lākou mau ʻuʻuku ma waena o nā mea paʻakikī. No kahi pālei, kahi manu e pono ai i kahi wahi liʻiliʻi, akā pono kēia wahi e pono ai ke kiʻekiʻe ma kahi kiʻekiʻe o 30 a 40 sentimita. Ma nā wahi me nā hoʻohaʻahaʻa kiʻekiʻe no ka kūkulu ʻana i ka pili, hoʻokaʻawale nā wahi o nā loko i wahi i wahi ʻole ʻia e lilo ai ka māhu a ʻaʻole kaʻoka.
ʻO ka hoʻolālā ʻenehana a me ka hana hou
Kiʻi ʻO: Lake Gull
ʻAʻole neʻe ka poʻe pīpī i ka wā o ka hoʻoulu ʻana, makemake ʻia e noho ma kahi o. Hoʻololi wale ka loli o kahi o nā kūlana ʻino. Ua mākaukau nā manu no ka hoʻoulu ʻia e nā makahiki he 1-4 o ke ola, a ʻo nā kāne ua ʻoi aku ka wā ma mua o nā wahine. ʻO ka monogamous ke kai, akā hiki iā lākou ke hoʻololi i kekahi mau hoahana a hiki i ke kūkulu ʻana i nā ʻaina hope loa. Hoʻomaka lākou e nīnū i ka pūnāwai, ke ʻoluʻolu ke anuanu, i nā wahi i hiki ʻole i ka poʻe nāhelehele.
E like me ke kuʻina o ka male. ʻO ke kāne me ka ʻōhā e hoʻolōʻihi i kona poʻo i kahi hoʻomoʻi oblique, a laila hoʻoponopono a hāloi aʻe. No laila hoʻomaikaʻi ʻo ia i kāna hoa aloha i ka hope. ʻO ka wahine, ʻo ia hoʻi, e pane i ke kāne me ka hoʻōho a hoʻoliʻī i kona poʻo, e like me ka ʻono no ka meaʻai. Kūkulu nā manu i nā nests e pili ana i hoʻokahi mika, a i ʻole paha he ʻumi mau mika. ʻO kēlā me kēia ʻohana e kiaʻi i kona wahi ma loko o kahi radius o 32-47cm.
ʻO nā hua ʻāpana he ʻāpana like ʻokoʻa, no ka laʻana, ka ʻulaʻula, ka uliuli māmā, ka ʻulaʻula, ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo-buffy. Loaʻa i kekahi mau huaʻelima ponoʻī, akā hiki ke hoʻopau piha ʻole. ʻO ka maʻamau he 3 mau ʻōpū, liʻiliʻi i nā ʻāpana 1-2. Ina he mea nalowale, ke kakali hou nei lakou. Loaʻa nā kāne kāne a me ka wahine i ka hana.
Ua uhi ʻia nā moa me ka lalo, i hui pū me lākou me ke kaiapuni, buffy-brown me nā ʻōpū poʻokela. Hoʻomaka nā keiki ma ka lele i ka lā 25-30. ʻAiʻai i ka meaʻai mai ka lāʻau o nā mākua a i ʻole paha i kiola aku nā mākua, kākau pono wau ia mai ka pili.
ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o ka loko
Kiʻi ʻO: Lake Gull
Nui nā liʻiliʻi o nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe i ka loko o ka loko, no ka mea he nui lākou a nui ka manu manu.
Inā kokoke ka pili o ka loko o nā loko i kahi ākea, a laila hiki i kahi alopeke ke lilo i ʻenemi. E hoohiolo ana i ka nalo, a hiki ke hōʻōʻino i nā manu a pau ka wā i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻo ka ʻōpala i ka wā hoʻomaha.
ʻO ka meaʻoiaʻiʻo no nā ʻano kuamo a pau, ʻo ke ʻano ʻo ia ka mea i hōʻeha ai i kēlā me kēia. ʻIke pinepine ʻia kēia ʻano e nā mea noiʻi i ka wā o ke kaua no ka meaʻai. I kekahi mau hihia, ua hōʻea ʻo ia i ka hoʻopau wale ʻana i ka ness o ko lākou poʻe hoahānau.
Hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia i nā kānaka ma nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o nā loko gail. I kekahi manawa lilo lākou i mea pōmaikaʻi no ko lākou ola kino. Lele lele nā manu i nā iʻa hana hoʻowalewale me ka manaʻolana e aihue i kahi mea liʻiliʻi ma kahi liʻiliʻi no lākou iho a me kā lākou poʻe moa.
Ke ʻano o ka noho ʻana a me nā ʻano
Kiʻi ʻO: Lake Gull
Ke ulu nui nei ka nui o ka ʻeleʻele i kahi lihi i kēlā me kēia makahiki. I kēia manawa, ua ʻoi aku ia ma mua o 2 miliona mauʻu. Hoʻomaka, hoʻomaka kēia ʻano e hoʻomohala i nā ʻāpana he nui no ka lele a me ka hana hou.
ʻOiaʻiʻo: Makemake kekahi mau pālolo e hoʻomaka i kahi ʻohana ma ka ʻāina like me nā meaʻala. Hāʻawi kēia kaohiʻikepili i nā manawa nui no nā limu duck a me nā pēpē iā lākou iho e ola ai, no laila, hiki iā mākou ke ʻōlelo ʻo ka lehulehu o nā gulls "pale" i ka nui o nā puʻupuʻu.
ʻO ka mea loko nui kahi radius nui ka hoʻonui ʻia. Mahalo i kēia hiʻohiʻona, kōkua lākou i ka poʻe e pakele i nā pōpoki i ka mahiʻai. He mea nui ia e hoʻomaopopo he ka pāʻani o kēia ʻano i ka hana o kahi kauoha. Kohi nā Seagull i nā meaʻai i koe i nā mahiʻai pua.
ʻOiai ke kūlike nui o ka loko o ka loko, he hopena maikaʻi loa ia o ka lawaiʻa, ʻoiai ke manaʻo nui ka poʻe nui he nui loa kēia pōʻino.
Hoʻopili i kā mākou kumu, ʻo ka mea mua, makemake wau e ʻōlelo i kēlā loko he manu nani ʻo ia. ʻOiai ke ʻano o ko kākou ʻano ʻano nui, pono mākou e hoʻāʻo e makaʻala e pili ana i nā mea pili i ka pōʻai a puni iā mākou. No ka kuʻina hoʻokō manuahi o nā ʻano, hiki ke ʻike ʻia i nā wahi kūikawā i ke pio ʻana i kahi e hiki ai i nā manu ke loaʻa nā meaʻai a hua ʻole me ke ʻano ole parasitism no nā kānaka. Pono mākou e ʻike i nā ala e hoʻopaʻa maluhia ai nā hoʻopaʻapaʻa me ka holoholona.