Malia paha kekahi o nā holoholona kūʻēʻē hoʻohuli loa i ka honua. Manaʻo kekahi i ka weliweli a me ka hoʻokahe koko, manaʻo kekahi he mea pono, a ʻike maopopo kekahi ʻo kēia mau reptile he hua maoli nā keiki o ka dinosaur e noho nei i ko mākou manawa. ʻIke mākou he ʻike ʻike maoli e pili ana i nā kolamu ʻoiʻī he paʻakikī i manaʻoʻiʻo ʻole. E ʻike i kahi o ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ma aneʻi a i hea ka fiction.
ʻO wai ka mea hoʻohālikelike?
ʻO ka crocodile kahi carnivorous aquiv reptile. Noho ia ma nā ʻalepili a me nā subtropical climates. Hiki iā ia ke hālāwai me lākou ma nā ʻāina ʻē a pau, koe wale nō ʻo Europe a me Antarctica. ʻO ka hapa nui o ke ola o kahi kīkī e kau ana i loko o ka wai. Makemake lākou i nā ʻauʻau māhu wela, nā kahawai kahe wai ʻole, nā loko, nā mākeke. Loaʻa nā lako āpau i ka maikaʻi no ka ʻaina awakea. A ʻokoʻa paha ka mea ʻuʻuku - he wahi iʻa liʻiliʻi kēia mai nā loko wai, a me nā mamalia nui i hele mai i ka lua wai. Loaʻa ka ola ola o nā crocodiles i nā makahiki he 100. Hoʻomaka lākou e pua i ka makahiki o 6-8 mau makahiki.
He hana maikaʻi loa ʻo Serpentologist. ʻIke ka poʻe o kēia ʻano āpau i nā mea āpau e pili ana i nā crocodiles a me nā reptile ʻē aʻe. ʻO kā lākou hana ka hana ʻana i nā ʻano o kēia mau holoholona makaʻala.
ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona maʻamau nui o nā crocodiles
I kēia manawa, he 23 mau ʻano o nāʻi i noho i loko o nā kahawai a me nā loko. Ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia lākou a pau i nā ʻohana ʻekolu.
- Crocodile - ka ʻohana nui loa. He 14 mau ʻano nui o kēia mau reptile amphibian. ʻO ia ka ʻohana na ka kaila maikaʻi a puni ʻo Nile i pili a pau. ʻO nā ʻike kaulana a me nā moʻolelo weliweli e pili ana i nā kolamu e noho ana ma ka muliwai nui loa ma ʻApelika e hoʻowalewale iā lākou iho nō.
- Alligator. ʻO kēia ʻohana ka ʻelua o nā alligator a me nā ʻano caymanas ʻeono. ʻO ka meaʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻokoʻa nā alligator mai nā crocodiles a me nā caimans, ʻoiai he nui ka mea i ʻike i ka ʻokoʻa.
- Gavialovye. I ka hui pū ʻana o kēia ʻohana hoʻokahi wale nō mau ʻano - ka gavial Gangan.
He aha ka mea ulaula maikaʻi?
Heʻoiaʻiʻo maoli paha e pono i nā crocodiles? He pōʻino paha lākou e like me ke nānā ʻana? A i ʻole, aia nō, "maka nui ka maka," a me nā moʻolelo weliweli e pili ana i kēia mau reptile?
He ʻoiaʻiʻo, he holoholona maloʻo ka crocodile me nā niho nui a he ʻano wikiwiki e holo like i nā uila, akā ʻaʻole ia e ʻimi i ka poʻe. Hiki wale i kēia mau reptile ke hōʻeha wale i ka poʻe komo kūʻē i ko lākou wahi. Hoʻomaʻa pinepine ka ʻā mai o lākou. ʻO nā mea āpau e pili ana i nā crocodiles, e pili ana i ko lākou kahe koko a me ka pilikia i ke kanaka, e hōʻeuʻeu i nā manawa, akā e mau nei ke ʻano. Pono ʻoe e makaʻala nui i ka wā e kamaʻilio pū ai me lākou, ʻoiai inā ʻaʻole kēia mau mea e kamaʻilio ma kāu ʻāina.
ʻO nā ʻike e pili ana i nā kūpuna
ʻO ke ʻano helehelena, nā menacing, a me ka weliweli o kēia mau reptile ua makemake nui ʻia. He nui nā hiʻohiʻona nui kēia amphibians:
- Ma ka manaʻo hemahema, hiki ke piʻi i nā lāʻau lāʻau i nā lāʻau. ʻIke pinepine ʻo Zoologists iā lākou ma nā lālā lāʻau. Eia kekahi, hiki iā lākou ke piʻi i ke kiʻekiʻe o 2.5 m.
- He kuʻikahi kēia na ka mōʻī, i ka wā e ʻai ai ke kanaka, uē, e hewa nei. ʻOiaʻiʻo kekahi ʻāpana - hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā waimaka o kahi crocodile, akā ʻike wale nō lākou i kona wā e ʻai i kekahi ʻiʻo, a pili pū ʻole i ka lunamakaʻaka, a aka me kahi ʻano kūlohelohe. No laila, hoʻopau ka nui o nā paʻakai mai ka reptilian organism.
- ʻO ka niho ka 24 mau niho. Ke hoʻololi nei lākou ma ke ao holoʻokoʻa. Ma kahi o ka niho nalowale, pono hou kekahi mea hou, a hiki ke ʻōlelo hou ʻia i nā manawa pinepine.
- Hiki i kahi crocodile ke lele mai ka wai a hiki i ʻelua mau kiʻekiʻe.
- Hiki pinepine iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā reptile e moe ana ma kahakai me ka waha makaʻu ʻole. Hoʻohana ʻia kēia i ka mea hōʻoluʻolu o ke kino.
- ʻO Crocodylus porosus ka ʻōlima nui loa. Pono ka lōʻihi o kona kino e 7 mau mika, a me ke koʻikoʻi - 1 ton. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hālāwai me ia i ke kūkulu ʻākau o ka ʻĀpana Australia a me India.
- ʻO nā mea hoʻohana hou i lawe ʻia. ʻO 99% o lākou e ʻai ʻia e nā pākeke o ko lākou ʻano like ʻole a me nā holoholona hihiu ʻē aʻe.
ʻO ka ʻike o nā moʻi ʻano maʻamau
ʻAʻole maikaʻi nā ʻike maoli e pili ana i nā buakala. He mea ia i ka hoʻolaha ʻana i ka ʻike ākea e pili ana i kekahi a i ʻole kekahi ʻano hiʻohiʻona o kēia mau reptile.
Aia kekahi manaʻo e nā manu, e ʻimi ana i ka ʻai i ka ʻai, hoʻohana i kā lākou beaks koi e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i nā niho o ka crocodile mai nā puʻu ʻai. I kaʻoiaʻiʻo, i ka hihiu, ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia kēlā mau hōʻailona puʻupaʻa, a ʻo ka ʻikepili i manaʻo ʻia he nui kēia mau mea i hewa.
ʻO kekahi ʻōlelo hoʻopunipuni ʻē aʻe e pili ana i ka ʻōlelo crocodile. Manaʻohe ʻia ʻole kēia mau reptile. E like me kāu e ʻike ai, ʻaʻole pololei kēia. Hoʻokahi ka ʻōlelo i kāhea ʻia kēlā me kēia. ʻAʻole hiki iā kēia mau wahi ke hoʻopalike. Loaʻa kēia ma muli o ka hiʻohiʻona anatomical: pili ka lehelehe ma ka lōʻihi o ke kāʻei āpau o ka lalo haʻahaʻa o ka crocodile. ʻO ia ka mea i hoʻowahāwahā ʻia ai kona lehelehe. Pono lākou i ka pīpī, no laila ʻaʻole hiki iā ia ke pani piha i kona waha a ʻike mau nā niho keu i ʻike mau ʻia.
ʻO ka mea manaʻoʻiʻo ʻole ke holo wikiwiki ʻia ka crocodiles, ua kuhihewa hoʻi. ʻAʻole hiki ke ʻano o ke kino o kēia reptile i kahi hiki ke hoʻomohala i kahi wikiwiki o ʻoi aku ma mua o 10 km / h.
ʻO nā Crocodiles ma ke TV
ʻO nā ʻike e pili ana i nā crocodiles (kūponoʻole, ʻoiaʻiʻo) hiki ke loaʻa i nā kikika.
Malia paha ʻo ke kolo ʻano kaulana loa mai ka TV aʻe, i manaʻo ʻia ʻo Gena. ʻO kēlā hoa aloha ʻo Cheburashka. He ʻano ʻano nani kēia a hilahila, hiki ʻole ke noʻonoʻo pono ʻole me kāna manaʻo aloha ʻokoʻa. Me kāna mau mele, e hoʻomau ʻo ia ma mua o ka hanauna o nā keiki.
ʻO ka mea i hala koke nei, ua ʻike ʻia kahi pāʻani holoʻokoʻa kamepiula, hoʻolaʻa ʻia i kahi pāʻala momona a me nā leʻaleʻa - "Swampy Crocodile". Maemae ʻo ia a hoʻomaʻemaʻe e hoʻomaʻemaʻe pono ʻole iā ia iho. Ua kaulana loa kēia ʻano kīloe i pana ʻia nā ʻōnaehana like ʻole o ka inoa i like me ia.
Ma nā ʻōlelo i kaulana loa ʻo K Attorney Chukovsky, ua waiho ʻia ke kahekaʻa no ka mea nona ka ʻona, no ka mea, ua ʻai ʻo ia i ka lā. Akā e like me ia i loko o nā moʻolelo kala, pau maikaʻi nā mea. Pono pono kēia moʻolelo e kiʻi ʻia ma kāna ʻano kiʻi.
Hōʻike pinepine nā makaʻu i nā crocodiles i nā kiʻi ʻoniʻoni. ʻAʻole ʻano ʻoluʻolu a me ke ʻano aloha. Nui nā kiʻi ʻoniʻoni e kolohe ai kona ʻano nui. ʻAʻole ʻoe e ʻike i nā ʻoiaʻiʻo i nā keiki i loko o lākou, akā no nā pākeke, ke nānā nei i nā ʻōlelo hoʻohiki. "Ka wai lawaiʻa", "Lake of Fear", "Alligator" - ʻo ia wale kekahi o nā kiʻi heʻe e pili ana i nā buak.
Crocodile - wehewehe, ʻano, hiʻohiʻona, kiʻi
ʻO nā Crocodiles kekahi o nā ʻelele o nā ʻelele i koe o ka subclass o nā archosaurs, a ʻo ko lākou mau hoahānau pili pono he mau manu, nā poʻe he ʻohana a he ʻohana paha nā archosaurs. Ma ke ala, he wahi ʻoi dinosaurs i kahi subclass o nā archosaurs.
Aia i nā ʻano ʻano, he 2-5.5 m ka lōʻihi o ka ʻōlapa, hiki i ka lōʻihi o 7 mau mika ka lōʻihi o ka ʻōlapa nui. ʻO ka paona o ka crocodile he 400-700 kg, aʻo ka paona o ke poʻo o kahi kāne i hoʻonui ʻia i ka 200 kg. I nā reptile, hoʻolaha maoli ka dimorphism: ulu nā kāne o nā ʻano like like 2-2 a ʻoi aku ka nui o nā wahine.
He 9 vertebrae i loko o ka reptile cervical, a he 17 ma ka ʻōpala.ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka huelo o ka ʻoihana e loaʻa ai ka 35 a 37 mau vertebrae a hana i ka hoʻokele a me nā hana kaʻa, a me ka pono o ka thermoregulation.
ʻO ke kino kino o kahi reptile kahi mea hoʻohālike e pili ana i ka hiki ke noho me ka wai wai. ʻO ka poʻo i uhi ʻia i ka ʻōpū i pau i kahi muzzle lōʻihi, hoʻopili ʻia ke kino a pulehu ʻia, ke kāʻei ʻia i ka ʻaoʻao. Aia nā wāwae pōkole nā ʻaoʻao o ke kino. Loaʻa i nā wāwae o mua o nā kīlima me nā manamana lima 5, ke ʻano ākea ka wāwae ʻili e ka nele o ka manamana lima liʻiliʻi.
Hoʻopili ʻia nā manamana lima e nā membrane. ʻOiai ke kū pōkole pōkole, ʻo nā crocodiles liʻiliʻi hiki ke galū i kahi lōʻihi. ʻO ka wikiwiki o kahi puhi ma ka ʻāina he 14-17 km / h. I ka wai, he crocodile ka wikiwiki i 30-35 km / h.
He ʻano like ke ʻano o ka iwi o ke ʻōpala i kahi moʻoniʻu a ua hōʻa ʻia ʻia me ʻelua mau pana kino.
Loaʻa ka maka, nā pepeiao a me nā ihu e kokoke ana i ka piko o ke poʻo. Mahalo i kēia, hiki i ka reptile ke moe ma lalo o ka wai, ke nānā ʻana i ka pōʻaiapuni, a i ka manawa like pū e hoʻonuhulu wale a me ka honi wale ʻana i nā manu me nā maka a me nā ihu.
Hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā maka o ka crocodile e kahi haumana kuʻikuʻi pīpī, kahi haki pale kolu a me ka ʻike ʻana i nā aniani lacrimal no ka holoi ʻana i nā maka.
ʻO nā waha nui o ka crocodile i nā niho cone a he 5 cm ka lōʻihi. I loko o nā niho o ka reptile he mau lua ia e wāwahi ai nā niho uʻi.
ʻO ka nui o nā niho o kahi crocodile hiki mai i 72 a 100, e hilinaʻi ʻia ma ke ʻano.
Ka uhi ʻia o ke kino o ka crocodile me ka ʻili, ka mea e pili ana i ka ʻōkuhi ulaula (rectangular flaps), i hoʻonohonoho ʻia i nā lālani maopopo. Ma lalo o nā pale pale dorsal, a ma kekahi manawa ma lalo o ka ʻōpū, ua kūkulu ʻia nā ʻōhaka o ka ʻili o ke kāʻei liʻiliʻi, e ʻano ana i ke ʻano o ke kākala. Mālama ʻia ka ʻōpū ma nā ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū, hoʻihoʻi ʻia mai ka ʻōpū mai ka spine.
Wahi a ka ʻāpana a me nā mea ʻano, hiki ke ʻeleʻele ka ʻili a ka ʻeleʻele, aneane ʻeleʻele, hina, ʻeleʻele, lepo a maloʻi paha.
ʻO ka puʻuwai o ka crocodile ʻehā-chambered, a me ka koko reptile i loaʻa nā antibiotika kūpono e pale ai i ka maʻi i ka wā i hōʻino ʻia a i ʻole ka wai maʻemaʻe. ʻO ka ʻōpū palupalu nui paʻa, loaʻa i ka gastrolites - nā pōhaku kūikawā e kōkua ʻana i ke kāwili ʻana i ka meaʻai a hāʻawi i kahi koina kino i ka wā e ʻauʻau ai.
Ke ulu nui nei nā lako i ka ola ma muli o ka ulu mau ʻana o ka cartilage i nā iwi. I ke kūlohelohe, ola nā crocodiles, ma ka awelika, 80-100 mau makahiki.
ʻO ka hapanui o nā ʻōlapa ʻole he ʻenemi, akā ʻo kekahi mau holoholona a me nā manu (e ʻohi i nā lepa, nā lau, nā ʻona a me kekahi mau momi) e ʻai ana i nā hua pipi.
Hiki i nā Crocodiles ke lele, a lele ākea lākou, ke hopu nei i kā lākou mea ʻai me ko lākou mau niho
He waimaka nā waimaka, a no ke aha e uwē ai nā kumu lāʻau
Aia kahi moʻolelo e ʻai ka crocodile i ka mea a me ka uwē me ia me nā waimaka. I ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole nā uē i uwē ʻia. ʻO ka mea ʻo nā crocodiles he mau lacrimal kūikawā i lawe i nā paʻakai mai ka kino o ke kino. No laila, waimaka nā waimaka - he ʻano kēia o ke kino wale nō, e hoʻopakele ai i ka reptile mai nā paʻakai he nui. Pēlā nō, loaʻa nā kulu paʻakai ma ka ʻōlelo o ka crocodile.
ʻO ka hau kahe ʻana i nā waimaka
ʻAuhea e noho ai nā likeli?
Noho ka poʻe pīkoi i aneane kokoke a pau i nā ʻāina me kahi mahana a me ka mahana o nā ʻōiwi. Noho ka reptile ma ʻApelia a me nā Mokupuni o Pilipi, ʻike ʻia ma Iapana a me Guatemala, ma Bali a me ʻAsia ʻĀrau, ma nā hale waiwai o ʻAmelika Hema a me ʻAmelika.
ʻO ka mea hoʻonani, noho nā crocodiles i ka wai wai, hoʻopau i ka hapa nui o ka lā i ka wai. Akā mahalo i ka pānaehana paʻakai maikaʻi loa, e ola ana nā meaʻai a hiki i ka wai kai paʻakai me ka hoʻopilikia ʻole i ko lākou olakino. ʻO nā kīlaha waiʻai, e like me nā kiole mole a me nā mea i hoʻoulu ʻia, e noho ana ma ka ʻaoʻao o ke kai.
Kahuli ʻaile
ʻO nā ʻano o nā ʻano āpau he holoholona holoholona semi-aquatic: noho lākou i loko o nā loko wai, akā kau lākou i kā lākou hua ma ka ʻāina. Hoʻolaha ka hapa nui o ka lā i ka wai, ka poʻe predator e hele i ka wanaʻao i kakahiaka a i ʻole i ke ahiahi - ʻo ka manawa ʻoluʻolu loa no ka lā.
He holoholona maloʻo ke ʻano ʻaihue, a ʻo kona ʻano kino e hilinaʻi i ke kaiapuni. ʻO ka Osteoderms (nā bony plate) nā reptile, aia ma lalo o ka pū i ka pūpū o ka kinipaka i hana ʻia, ʻano hana ʻana e waiho i nā pā o ka mālama ʻana i ka wela o ka lā.
No laila, ʻo ka fluctuation i ke mahana o ke kino i ka lā ma mua o ka maʻamau ʻaʻole eʻoi aku ma kahi o 1-2.
Ka wela nui loa, wehe nā waha i ko lākou waha e hoʻonaninu i ka wai, a me nā manu liʻiliʻi e ʻoki i ka ʻona a me nā leec e neʻe nei ma waena o ko lākou mau niho.
Ma kahi māla maloʻo, hiki i kahi huaʻai ke hibernate, ke noho nei i loko o ka lua i ʻeli ʻia ma ka ʻaoʻao o kahi wai maloʻo.
ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻaʻole i mamao nā crocodiles i ka wai, akā inā pono, hiki ke lanakila i kekahi mau kilomita ma luna o ka wāwae a i ʻole ka wikiwiki paha o ka gallop, e hoʻomohala ana i ka wikiwiki a hiki i 17 km / h.
He aha nā mea e ʻai ai ka lāʻau?
Aia ka ʻai a nā meaʻai kīʻaha i ka nui o kekahi kanaka: ʻo ia ka mea nui i ka reptile, ʻoi aku ka nui o kāna papa inoa.
Hoʻokumu ʻia ka meaʻai ma nā ʻano iʻa like ʻole, nā ʻōpala, nā mollusks, nā manu wai, nā ʻōpū, nā ahe a me nā ʻīlio e lele mai ana ma luna o ka wai, me ka nui o nā amphibians i hoʻohālikelike ʻia, no ka laʻana, ka hānai manu.
I ke kai kai, ʻoi ka ʻai i ka iʻa, nā manu kō, nā kukukukui, nā iʻa a me nā ʻakaʻī, ʻo ia hoʻi ka poʻe keʻokeʻo, ʻaʻole ka nui o ka nui o ka nui o ka ʻano kīhaka. Mahele papa ʻokoʻa, me ka mammals.
Holo ka manuʻa holomua i lawe ʻia i ka lāʻau lepa, nānā i ka ʻikepili, ka puʻu ʻōiwi, antelope, ke kīʻaha a me ke kanikau no ka ʻaina awakea.
ʻO ka manawa pinepine, lilo ka mea ʻai i ka crocodile, nā cheetahs, nā leopards a me nā liona. ʻAi pū kekahi i nā moʻo, nā peke, nā kangaroos, hares, raccoons, martens a me nā mongoose. Inā hiki, ʻaʻole lākou e hōʻole i ka hoʻouka ʻana i kekahi mau holoholona, ʻo ia ka moa, ka lio a me nā holoholona.
ʻAi kekahi mau crocodiles i kēlā me kēia, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole lākou e hoʻowahāwahā i ka lāʻau ʻana i ko lākou ʻano like ʻole.
Pehea e huli ai ka hopu?
Hoʻopaʻa ka hapanui i ka manawa nui i ka wai i loko o ka wai, a ʻimi wale me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka pouli. Pau ka reptile i kahi mea liʻiliʻi ma ke ʻano he nui. I loko o kahi pākuʻi me ka mea i hoʻopihapiha nui, ʻo ka mea kaua a ke kīkeke ka ikaika. ʻO nā holoholona nui, no ka laʻana, nā kaho a me nā poʻokela, nā kahu kiaʻi ma kahi lua wai, hōʻeke koke a lele i loko o ka wai, kahi hiki ʻole i ka mea make ke kū ʻole. ʻO nā iʻa nui, ke ʻole, e hoʻopōwili i ka wai pāpaku, kahi e maʻalahi ai ka lawe ʻana aku i ka mea pio.
ʻO nā ʻōhumu nui o ka mokulele i hōʻāʻili i ka pale o ke kīʻaha pōpoki, a ikaika nui me ke poʻo a me ke ʻano kūikawā o ke "make huli" koke koke e hōʻoki i ka waiwai. ʻAʻole ʻike maopopo nā ʻōlopa i ka puhaka, no laila, ka mea pepehi i ka mea pepehi, kāʻili ʻia lākou i nā ʻāpana i nā ʻiʻo kūpono me nā ʻūhū ikaika a pau i ka piha holoʻokoʻa.
ʻAiʻai nā kalo a pau: hiki i kahi mea pāʻina ke hana a 23% o ka nui o ka mea hoʻomehana. Hūnā pinepine nā crocodiles i kekahi hapa o ka mea i ka mea o ka mea, ʻaʻole no ka mea mau i ka waiho ʻia ʻana o nā mea āpau, a hoʻohana pinepine ʻia e nā poʻe predator.
Loaʻa ʻo Bīlopa i kekahi mako
He aha ka mea ʻokoʻa ma waena o kahi crocodile a me kahi alligator?
- No ka ʻohana crocodile no loko o ka ʻohana buʻala. I ka manawa like, aia nā reptile ʻelua i ke kaoʻi paipai.
- ʻO ka ʻokoʻa nui ma waena o kahi crocodile a me kahi alligator aia i ke kaana o ka iwi a me ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o nā niho. Me ka waha paʻa, kū hoʻokahi a i ʻole ʻelua o nā niho ma ka iwi lalo i ke koʻi, a ma ka alligator ka pāpale o luna e hoʻopiha piha ana i ka wīwī predatory.
- Eia kekahi, ʻo ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o kahi crocodile a me kahi alligator ke ʻano o ka muzzle. ʻO ka muzzle o ke crocodile e kuhikuhi ana a loaʻa ke ʻano o ka leka Pelekane V V, no ka mea, he puʻe a ʻōwili paha ka mu alowē e like me ka leka U.
- ʻO nā māka i nā hua paʻakai ma ka alelo a me nā momona lacrimal i nā maka e wehe i ka nui o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o nā paʻakai mai ke kino, no laila hiki iā lākou ke noho ma ke kai. ʻAʻohe nā alapiola e ʻike i kēlā mau ʻōlima, no laila, ola lākou i ka nui o nā kino wai.
- Inā mākou e hoʻohālikelike i ka nui o nā kumu lāʻau a me ka alligator, he mea paʻakikī ke haʻi i ka mea o ka reptile kahi nui loa. ʻAʻole ka lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi o ka alligator i ka lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi ma waena o nā kumu lāʻau. Akā inā ʻoe e hoʻohālikelike i ka nui loa o nā kānaka, a laila ʻo ka lōʻihi o ka mea pelekele o ʻAmelika (Mississippian) ka lōʻihi o ke kino nui o ka lōʻihi ʻole aku ma mua o 4.5 mika (e like me ka ʻike kīnā ʻole, ʻo ka lōʻihi loa o ka lōʻihi i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma kahi o 5.8 mika). A ʻo ka ʻōpiopio i kālai ʻia ka honua nui me ka lōʻihi o ke kino 5.2 mika e ulu a hiki i 7 mika ka lōʻihi.
- ʻO ka paona awelika o ka alligator Mississippi (ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o ka Kina) ʻo 200 kg, ʻoiai ka nui o ka paona i hoʻopaʻa ʻia he 626 kg. Ke kaupaona nei ke kaupaona ʻana o kahi crocodile i nā ʻano. A ʻoiai, ʻoi aku kekahi o nā ʻano o nā ʻano lāʻau iʻoi aku ma mua o nā alligator. No ka laʻana, ʻoi aku ka paona o kahi kahakaha kuhikuhi i ka 1 ton, a ʻo ke kūleʻa nui o ka honua i kāʻei ʻia e pili ana 2 mau mea.
He aha ka lahui ma waena o kahi momeni a kahi gavial?
- ʻO nā crocodile a me gavial nā kuleana o ka wehe ʻana i nā lako. Akā ʻo ke kumu ʻoi ka mea ʻāpana crocodile, a ʻo gavial ka ʻohana gavial.
- ʻO nā polima i nā kūleʻa paʻakai e kau ana ma luna o ka alelo, a me nā kelepona lacrimal kūikawā ma ka wahi o ka maka: ma o lākou, ua hānai ʻia nā paʻakai momona mai ke kino o ka bu. Hiki i kēia kumu ke noho i ka crocodile e noho i loko o ka wai paʻakai. ʻAʻole i loaʻa iā Gavial nā kala i laila, no laila ke kamaʻāina nei i nā kino wai maoli.
- He maʻalahi nā palaka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ka gavial i ke ʻano o nā ʻupalu: he kihi ʻāʻī loa a gavial, i ʻāpono ʻia no ka huki wale wale no ka iʻa. ʻO ka crocodile ka mea nona ka ʻōlelo ʻoi loa.
- ʻOi aku ka niho o ka gavial ma mua o ka crocodile, akā ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi a maikaʻi loa: pono nā gavial i nā niho koi a ʻilihune e hoʻopaʻa i ka iʻa i hopu ʻia ma ka waha. Aia nō i nā ʻano ʻano, he 66 a 68 paha nā niho, ka gavial me ka niho o ka niho he nui.
- ʻO kahi ʻokoʻa ʻē ma waena o ka crocodile a me ka gavial: o ka ʻohana holoʻokoʻa o nā pipi, ʻo ka gavial wale nō ka manawa i ka wai, a waiho wale i ka loko wai e waiho wale ana i nā hua a kālua wale i ka lā. Aia ka crocodile i loko o nā wai wai e pili ana i kahi hapakolu o kona ola, e ʻoi aku i ke kino o ka wai ma luna o ka ʻāina.
- ʻO nā crocodiles a me nā gavial he liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi loa i ko lākou mau ʻāpana. Loaʻa pinepine nā males gavial i ka lōʻihi o ke kino o 3-4.5 m an, ʻaʻole loaʻa ka 5,5 mika ka lōʻihi. ʻAʻole mamao loa nā Crocodiles i hope o kā lākou mau hoa - ke lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o ka pākeke kāne ma waena o 2-5.5 mika. A ʻoi aku, hiki i nā kāne makemakika o kekahi mau ʻano o nā lāʻau kūpilikiʻi ka lōʻihi o 7 mau mika ka lōʻihi. ʻO ke koʻikoʻi, ua lanakila nā crocodiles i kēia pōʻai: hiki i ke kīhāpai i hoʻohui ʻia i hiki ke piʻi i ka nui o 2000 kg, a ua loaʻa ke kaupaona ʻo Ganges me 180-200 kg.
He aha ka mea ʻokoʻa ma waena o kahi crocodile a me caiman?
- ʻOiai ʻo nā crocodile a me nā caiman pili i ke kao i ka crocodile, ka poʻe caimans i ka ʻohana alligator, a ʻo nā mea ulana i ka ʻohana ʻōlima.
- Aia nā ʻano ʻokoʻa o waho o ka crocodile a me caiman: Ka mea hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā crocodiles e kahi ʻōpū V-ʻano ākea, kahi ʻano ka poʻe caimans i kahi puhipū ākea a me ka pālahalaha U-ʻano.
- ʻO ka ʻokoʻa ʻē ma waena o nā reptile, he kīkī paʻakai ka nui o kā lākou mau lehelehe paʻakai. Ma o lākou lā, ma ka pūniki lacrimal, ke kolo aku nei nā lako i ka nui o nā paʻakai, no laila ua maikaʻi lākou i ka wai a me ka paʻakai. ʻAʻole ʻike ka poʻe Caimans i kēia hiʻohiʻona, no laila, me nā ʻokoʻa ʻokoʻa, ke noho wale nei lākou ma nā wai maʻemaʻe maʻemaʻe.
Nā ʻano o nā kūpuna: inoa, wehewehe, papa inoa a me nā kiʻi
Hoʻomoe ka ʻenehana hou i kēia kao i ka crocodile i 3 ʻohana, 8 mau genera a me 24 mau ʻano.
Nā meaʻai kumu maoli(Crocodylidae). ʻO kekahi o kāna mau ʻano kūikawā:
- Paʻa wai (Salt Crocodile)(Crocodylus porosus)
ka pahu nui nui loa o ka honua, he mega-predator, paʻa i ka piko o ka kaʻa ʻai. ʻO nā inoa ʻē aʻe no kēia reptile i lalo o ka wai i mea hoʻāla, ka buoc cannibal, salti, estuarine a me Indo-Pacific buoc. Hiki i ka lōʻihi o ke kikoo hakakā i hiki ke piʻi i 7 mau mika me ka paona a hiki i 2 tons. Ua loaʻa kēia inoa i kona inoa i nā lehelehe nui o nā iwi i hala ma ke kaʻe o nā maka. I ke ʻano o nā kiʻi ʻoniʻoni, lanakila nā pāpale melemele ʻoniʻulaʻula, a he mau ʻāpana ʻeleʻele a me nā ʻāpana i ke kino a me ka ʻoi. ʻO ka mea makemake i ka wai paʻakai ka mea maʻamau o nā kahe e kahe ana i nā kahawai, a noho pū kekahi i ka loko o ke kai. Noho pinepine nā ʻōlima wai i ka moana kiʻekiʻe a ua loaʻa i ke kahakai ʻo ʻAmelika kahiki, ma Indonesia, ʻo Filipina, India a me ke kahakai o Iapana. ʻO ka meaʻai kīkē ke loaʻa i ka mea e hiki ai i kahi mea kolohe. Hiki i nā holoholona nui kēia ʻāina: nā puaʻa, nā leopards, nā grizzlies, antelopes, pythons, nā mākaʻi nānā. A no laila, lilo ka nui o nā mammals i wahi no ka crocodile: nā wīwī hihiu, tapir, dingoes, kangaroos, he nui nā ʻano o nā moʻo, komo nā orangutans. Hiki i nā holoholona ke lilo i pio: nā kao, hipa, nā lio, nā ʻīlio, nā ʻīlio a me nā pōpoki. ʻO ka hapanui o ka wai manu, a me nā pōkole wai, a me nā ʻōlima wai, nā mākele, nā stingrays a me nā ʻano heʻe he nui, hāʻule mai ka manu a i ka waha o ka ʻāhu i hoʻoulu ʻia. Paʻa nā kōlima ʻai i ka invertebrates aquatic, baki, nā pepeke a me nā iʻa liʻiliʻi. ʻAi ka poʻe ʻōpio i ʻai i nā ʻōpala i nā mea make iʻa, nā iʻa nui a me nā mea kanu. I kekahi manawa, hoʻomaʻamaʻa nā crocodiles i nā cannibalism, ʻaʻole i nele i ka manawa e ʻai i nā mea liʻiliʻi a nāwaliwali paha o kā lākou ʻano.
- Kumukū pahū(Osteolaemus tetraspis)
ʻo ia ka mea ʻuʻuku liʻiliʻi ma ka honua. ʻO ka lōʻihi wale nō ke kino o ka pākeke. Ke kaupaona nei ke kāne ma kahi o 80 kg, ʻo ke kumu lāʻau wahine ka paona ma kahi o 30-35 kg. ʻEleʻele ke kala o ke kua o ka reptile, he ʻulaʻula, a me nā wahi ʻeleʻele. ʻAʻole like me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe, ʻo ka mea reptile ka ʻili i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me nā papa lāʻau e ulu ana, e uku ana i ka ulu ʻole o ka ulu ʻana. Noho nā ʻōlio polū i nā wai wai hou o Komohana Komohana, ua hilahila a huna ʻia, alakaʻi i ke ʻano ola nocturnal. ʻAi lākou i ka iʻa, ka snails a me ke kalana.
- Kumulila kūloko(Crocodylus niloticus)
ka ʻohana reptile nui loa ma hope o ka crocodile i kālai ʻia, e noho ana ma ʻApelika. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi o ke kāne mai ka 4.5 a i ka 5.5 mika, a ʻo ke kaumaha o kahi poʻo kāne i hōʻea e pili ana i 1 ton. ʻAno hina a ʻōmaʻomaʻo paha nā kala o ke kukuna, a aia hoʻi nā pihi polū ma hope a me ka huelo. ʻO ka reptile kekahi o 3 mau ʻano e noho nei ma nā ʻāina ʻAmelika a ʻaʻohe mea like ʻole i ka waihona wai. Aia ma ka ʻāina, ʻo ka hakakā e kū mai ana i ka waiwai, no ka laʻana, me nā liona, e noho ana i ka "kaua o ke kaua", a e puka mau ka lua i ka mea lanakila. ʻO ke kaheʻe o ka Nile he kamaʻāina maʻamau ka nui o nā kahawai, nā loko a me nā kahe e waiho ana ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o ka wao Sahara, me ka loko o ka muliwai Nile. ʻAi ʻia ka ʻaila ʻo Nile: Nile perch, tilapia, black mullet, pike ʻAmelika a me nā mea he nui o nā cyprinids. A me nā mammals: nā antelope, nā kao wai, nā aleliʻi, nā mea kūʻai aku, nā warthog, nā chimpanzees a me nā gorillas. I ka manawa pinepine, ua lilo nā ʻano o nā holoholona iʻa no ka crocodile. Hoʻokomo nui kekahi kanaka nui i nā pōloli, giraffes, hippos, rhinos a me nā ʻōpio ʻApelika ʻoliva. ʻAi nā ʻōpio Nile ʻōpio i nā amphibians: ke kuʻi ʻana o ka ʻōpū no ʻAmelika, ka ʻū a me ka ʻalā goliath. ʻAi ʻia nā huaʻai i nā mea inikua (nā puʻu manu, nāhelehele), nā palu a me nā invertebrates ʻē aʻe.
- ʻO ka Buoc i laʻa(Crocodylus siamensis)
He lōʻihi kona kino a hiki i ka 3-4 m. ʻO ke kala o ka crocodile he lāʻau ʻoliva, i nā manawa he uliuli ia. ʻO ka paona o nā kāne i hiki aku i ka 350 kg, ʻo ka paona o nā wahine he 150 kg. Aia kēia ʻano inoa o nā kūpuna i kākau ʻia ma ka Red Book e like me ka pau ʻole. I kēia lā ʻaʻole huakaʻi o ka lehulehu ka hapa ma mua o 5 tausani mau kānaka. Hele i ka pae o nā ʻano ma waena o nā ʻāina o ka hema o Asia: Cambodia, Malaysia, Vietnam, Thailand, a ʻike ʻia i ka moku ʻo Kalimantan. ʻO nā kumu kai nui o nā ʻōlima Siamese nā ʻano o nā iʻa, amphibians, reptiles liʻiliʻi. I nā hanana pinepine, ʻai ka ʻai i ka rodents a me ka lawe.
- ʻAmelika ʻAmelika Huipū ʻia(Palapala Acocus)
ka lālā maʻamau o ka ʻohana. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia kēia ʻano e kahi muzzle kuʻikuʻu, characteristically point muzzle. Hoʻoulu ke kāne ʻōpio a hiki i 4 m ka lōʻihi, ʻo nā wahine a hiki i 3 m. ʻO ke kaumaha o ka crocodile he 500-1000 kg. He aniani a ʻōmaʻomaʻo-ʻulaʻula paha ka kala o ke kuʻi. Noho ka Crocodiles i nā wahi kahawai, nā muliwai, a me nā loko wai hou a hiki i ʻAmelika hoʻi. ʻAi nā ʻAmelika ʻAmelika i ka hapanui o nā wai hohonu a me nā iʻa moana. ʻO kahi mahele nui o ka meaʻai i kūkulu ʻia e nā manu: pelicans, flamingos, herons, storks. Ma nā manawa maʻamau, ʻai nā crocodiles i nā kao kai a me nā holoholona. E hānai nā reptile ʻōpiopio i ka ʻōpala, nā snails, a me nā aniani a me kā lākou ʻōpio.
- Pāʻike liʻiliʻi Australiabuana (Johnstoni Crocodylus)
He wai wai hou ia a liʻiliʻi i loko o nā nui: ulu nā kāne ma mua o 3 mau mika ka lōʻihi, nā wahine a hiki i 2 mika. ʻO ka holoholona i kahi muʻoki a uncharacteristically pīkī no kahi buak. ʻAno ke kala o ka reptile me nā ʻāpana ʻeleʻele ma ke kua a me ka huelo o ka ʻoi. He heluna kanaka ma kahi o 100 tausani mau kanaka e noho ana i nā wai wai wai ʻākau o ʻAmelika. Mālama loa ka pipi i ke kō aniani a ka nui o ka iʻa. ʻO kahi hapa o ka meaʻai o nā pākeke he amphibians, wai kai, nāhelehe, nā lizards a me nā mammals liʻiliʻi.
Alligator ʻohana (Alligatoridae), kahi i kūlou nā ʻili a me nā caimans. Aia nā ʻano e like me kēia ʻohana:
- Mississippi Alligator (ʻAmelika ʻAmelika)(Allissator mississippiensis)
ka reptile nui (reptile), nā kāne e ulu a hiki i ka 4,5 m ka lōʻihi ma ke kino o ke kino ma kahi o 200 kg. ʻAʻole like me kahi crocodile, hoʻowahāwahā ka Alligator ʻAmelika i ka anuanu a hiki ke hoʻoilo, hoʻoilo i kona kino i ka hau a waiho wale i nā nostrils ma luna o ka ʻili. E noho ana kēia mau kaila ma nā wai hou o ʻAmelika ʻAmelika: nā kāme, nā pāpale, nā muliwai a me nā loko. ʻO ke alepeke ʻo Mississippi (ʻAmelika), ʻaʻole e like me nā crocodiles, ʻaʻole pinepine i hoʻouka i nā holoholona nui. E hānai ana nā ʻōlima makua i nā iʻa, ka wai wai, nā ʻalā wai a me nā ʻōpala, mai nā mammals ua ʻai lākou i ka nutria, muskrats a me nā raccoons. E ʻai ana nā alligator cubs i nā noke, spider, snails, a me nā anuanu a me kā lākou puna. ʻAʻohe o nā alligator i kahi puaʻa melanin a albinos. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole i loaʻa nā crocodile keʻokeʻo i ka helehelena.
Haki keʻokeʻo (albino)
- Kino haneli (Alligator sinensis)
ʻōlima manuahi ʻano liʻiliʻi, ʻo ia pū kekahi ʻano luhi. ʻO 200 wale nō kahi kanaka e noho ma ke ʻano. ʻĀnuʻula-ʻoniʻoni ke kala o nā Alligator, aia i nā wahi ʻeleʻele ma ka iwi haʻahaʻa. ʻO ka lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o ka alligator he 1.5 mika, ka lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi o 2.2 mika. ʻO ka paona o ka mea wānana he 35-45 kg. Noho ka poʻe Alligator ma Kina, ma ka ʻauwai ʻo Sungai Yangtze. ʻAi lākou i nā manu liʻiliʻi a me nā mommals, nā iʻa, nā ʻalā, nā mollusks.
- Kapeka(hoʻopihaʻi ʻia)caiman(ʻO kahi caiman buak)
kahi Alligator liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi me ka lōʻihi o ke kino a hiki i ka 1.8-2 m a ke kaupaona ana a hiki i 60 kg. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia kēia ʻano o ka crocodile e kahi muzzle pōkole a me kahi ulu iwi e ulu ana ma waena o nā maka, he like ia me nā aniani i ka helehelena. He ʻili ke kino melemele ke cayman liʻiliʻi me nā ʻeleʻele uliuli, ʻo ka ʻaʻo pākeke i loaʻa ʻili poni-ʻōmaʻomaʻo. Aia ka reptile i ka nui ākea o nā alligator. Noho ʻo Cayman i kahi noho hoʻomaha pohihihi, nā mehameha me ka wai paʻakai mai Mekiko a me Guatemala a i ka Dominican Republic a me nā Bahamas. Ma muli o kona nui liʻiliʻi, ʻai ka caiman i nā mollusks, nā iʻa kai nui, nā loko wai hou, a me nā kinipiki liʻiliʻi a me ka mamalia. Paʻi pinepine kekahi kanaka i ka amphibian nui a me nā nahelehele, e like me ka anaconda, a me nā ʻūhā hihiu a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.
- ʻEleʻele cayman(Melanosuchus niger)
kekahi o nā reptile nui loa. ʻO ke lōʻihi o ke kino o ke kāne hoʻi e hiki ke hoʻonui i ka 5.5 m, a ʻo ke kaumaha o ke kino hiki ke ʻoi aku ma mua o 500 kg. Mai ka maka mai ka lōʻihi o ka muzzle kahi i loaʻa ai kahi pohā, aia kahi o nā caiman āpau. He kamaaina o kēia mau wa e pili ana i 100 tausani kanaka e noho nei i nā kahe nui a me nā kaʻe ma ʻAmelika Hema. ʻAi ʻia nā ʻōpio uliuli nui i nā iʻa he nui, e komo pū me nā piranhas. Akā ʻo ka hapa nui o ka meaʻai ka mea i hana ʻia i nā mommals: deer, capybaras, bakers, coatis, sloths, monkeys, armadillos, dolphins muliwai, nā ʻōpala o Brazil. Ma kekahi mau wahi o ka awāwa, nā holoholona kīʻaha maʻamau ke ʻano o nā holoholona ʻōiwi, ʻo ia hoʻi me nā holoholona. ʻAi nā kaaniani ʻōpio i nā snails, baki a me nā meaʻala liʻiliʻi.
ʻOhana Gavial (Gavialidae) ka nui o nā genera a me nā mea hou 2 wale nō i kēia lā:
- Gavialeses Gavial(ʻO Gavialis gangeticus)
kahi ʻelele nui o ka detachment me kahi kino e ulu ana ke 6 mika i ka lōʻihi. ʻO nā gavial, ʻaʻole e like me nā crocodiles maoli, loaʻa i kahi kumukānāwai iʻoi aku ka māmā, no laila ʻo ka nui o kahi pākeke, ma ka laulā, ʻaʻole iʻoi aku i ka 200 kg. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ʻo Gavialov e ke ʻano ʻāʻī o ke ʻano ʻaliki, kūpono i ka lawaiʻa, me ka nui o ka nui o nā niho - a hiki i ka 100 mau ʻāpana. Noho ʻo Gaviales i nā koholā a me nā ʻohana o nā kahawai ʻo India, Pakistan a me Bangladesh. Kuhi ʻia nā mea ʻike ʻia ma ka Red Book e like me ka loaʻa ʻole ma Bhutan a me Myanmar a pau loa. Ma muli o ke ʻano nui o ke ʻano aku i ka loko aku, ua ʻai nui nā iʻa i ka Gangan. Hoʻokomo pinepine ʻia ka poʻe nui i ka mau momi liʻiliʻi a ʻoliʻoli ʻai i ka kalima. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā reptile ʻōpio me nā holoholona invertebrate.
- ʻO ke kolamu Gavial(Tomistoma schlegelii)
ka pili pili kokoke loa i ka gavial, me ka lōʻihi o ka pūhiki me ka hihelena paʻa. Pono ka lōʻihi o ke kino o ka crocodile ma mua o 6 mau mika, akā ma ka awelika ua loaʻa ʻole ia eʻoi aku ma mua o 5 mika. Kāleʻa ke kala o ke kolamu me nā palaka i ke kino. ʻO ka paona o kahi crocodile e kūlike mai 93 kg i nā wahine i 210 kg i nā kāne. He ʻano hanana manuahi like ʻole nā manu reptile. He poʻe liʻiliʻi o nā ʻōlima, nona nā kānaka he 2,5 tausani, e noho ana i nā kahe lau, nā awāwa a me nā loko o Indonesia a me Malaysia. ʻO kahi ulana gavial, ʻaʻole like me kona pili pili kokoke loa, ʻo ka Gangian gavial, hoʻohana i ka iʻa, ka ʻona a me nā vertebrates liʻiliʻi wale nō. ʻOiai ka ʻūʻī a me ka pōkole, ʻo ke kumu o kaʻai o ka mea predator ka pythons a me nā nāu ʻē aʻe, ka nānā ʻana i nā lizards, nā puʻupuʻu, nā kahu puaa, ka puaʻa hihiu, ka manu a me nā ʻalike.
ʻO ka hana hou o nā kīlaha. Pehea e hoʻohou ai nā ʻōlili?
Hiki i nā Crocodiles i ka hana lohi ma 8-10 mau makahiki he lōʻihi ke kino o 2.5 mika ma nā kāne a me 1,7 mika i nā wahine. ʻO ka wā hoʻoulu o nā ʻano hema o nā mākōka e hāʻule ai i loko o nā mahina hoʻoilo, nā ʻōlima ʻākau e waiho i kā lākou hua ma ka hāʻule.
I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka wā e moe ai, hoʻolaha nā kāne i ke kaiāulu me ka nui o ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana, e huki ʻia ana i nā wahine, a me nā kīpī i ko lākou mau maka i ka wai. I ka wā e moe ana i nā pāʻani, ua lulu nā kāne i ko lākou mau helehelena a “mele” mai nā mele i kēlā me kēia mele.
Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi ʻōlima wahine i kahi pūnana ma luna o nā kapakai i nā wahi kokoke loa o ke kahakai a i ʻole i nā moena muliwai maloʻo. Ma ka lua kahi ka hohonu o ka mika ka hohonu, ua hoʻolilo ka wahine ʻaina wahine mai 20 a 85 mau huaʻai, kanu iā lākou me ka one a pale iā lākou i ka wā o ka inkubation, he 4 mau mahina.
ʻOiai ka mālama ʻana o nā mākua ʻelua, ʻo ka 10% wale nō o nā hua ka mea i mālama ʻia ma ka pipi.
I ka manawa i hala ʻole ai ka makuahine i ka make wai ʻole i ka wai a i ka pale malū paha mai ka lā wela, nā mea kuhi a i ʻole nā kānaka e hōʻino i ka pili o ka crocodile.
Nā pāpale kupaianaha liʻiliʻi e hatch a hana i nā leo like twittering. A laila huhū ka makuahine i ke one a lawe i nā ʻili kokoke i ka loko i loko o kona waha ponoʻī. ʻO kekahi manawa hoʻopaʻa nā mākua i ka hua ma waena o ka alelo a me ka lewa, e kōkua ana i nā keiki e hānau.
ʻO ke ʻano o ka wahine o nā mākaʻi hou i hoʻoholo ai i ka mahana i loko o ka noke i ka wā hoʻohemo ʻana. Inā e hoʻomōhala ke one ma waena o 32 a 34.5 degere, hānau ʻia nā kāne. ʻO kahi mahana o luna a ma lalo o kēlā ʻano hōʻailona e hoʻoholo ai i ka hānau ʻana o nā wahine wahine.
ʻO nā kukuna Crocodile he lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o 30 cm a hoʻomohala koke. Ua hoʻopuni lākou iā lākou e mālama no ka hānai ʻana no 2 mau makahiki, ma hope o ka wā i aikl a ua hānai ʻia nā keiki a 1-1.2 m i ke ola kūʻokoʻa.
Noho lōʻihi nā ʻōlopa a mālama maikaʻi i ka noho pio ʻana, akā ʻaʻole maopopo ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana. I kēia mau lā, makemake kekahi poʻe punahele o ka pīhoihoi a me ka exotic e mālama i nā crocodiles i ka home, e kūkulu ana iā lākou i nā aviaries a me nā loko kaukau. Minamina, pinepine ia i kēlā mau hoʻāʻo ma ka make ʻana o kahi mea predator e hele mai ma muli o ka mālama maikaʻi ʻole, a i ʻole i nā kūlana ʻinoʻino ma kahi o ka palekana palekana. Inā mākou e kamaʻilio e pili ana i ka ʻikepili o nā crocodiles i loko o kahi ʻano kūlohelohe no lākou, a laila ʻo ke koho kūpono loa e lilo i ka zoo maikaʻi, kahi nānā nui ʻia nā reptile e nā loea.
ʻAuhea e noho ai nā likeli?
Ua makemake nui kēia mau holoholona i ka wela. No laila, ʻo kā lākou wahi noho me nā wahi a me nā subtropical zones. ʻOi aku ka makemake o nā Crocodiles i noho i nā kahawai lohi a me nā loko liʻiliʻi. Eia nō naʻe, aia kekahi mau ʻelele o ka neʻe e noho ana i ka wai loko o ka loko - ʻo kēia mau mea i hoʻouluulu ʻia.
Laikaha Hippo.
ʻAno lohi ka Crocodiles i ke ala o ke ola ʻana, akā naʻe, hiki iā lākou ke, inā pono, hana i nā ʻokiʻī, holo a lele ʻole! He pōʻino loa kēia mau reptile, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e ʻole e hele e hālāwai me ke alo i ka maka.
He aha kahi mea e ʻai ai ka crocile?
Ma ke ala o ka meaʻai, nā mea ʻōiwi a pau nā mea hoʻonaʻauao, i hoʻokahi pae a i ʻole kekahi. Aia ma ka nui, ʻai wale kekahi o lākou i ka iʻa (no ka laʻana, kahi kīniki liʻiliʻi ka lima), e ʻai ana ka poʻe i nā holoholona ungulate nui a me nā nahesa nui. Ua kiki kekahi o kēia mau reptile i nā elepani!
Eia kekahi, ʻo nā mollusks, nā manu, nā mamm liʻiliʻi, nā baki a hiki nō i nā pepeke ke loaʻa i loko o ka ʻai ʻana o nā crocodiles.
ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona maʻamau o ka wehe ʻana o nā crocodiles maoli
ʻO ka detachment o nā kīlio maoli he 15 mau ʻano o nā mea wānana, kahi ʻokoʻa i kā lākou ʻano kūwaho a me nā noho. E like me ke kānāwai, ka hapa nui o nā crocodile i pili ka inoa me kā lākou pālahalaha ākea.
p, ka mea pā 4,0,0,0,0,0 ->
Ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kēia mau crocodiles i loko o kēia ʻano:
p, ka mea i hōʻea ʻia,0,0,0,0 ->
ʻO ka wai paʻakai (a i ʻole ʻāleʻa ʻia, ka moana) ka buaya. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO kēia ʻaha i kahi hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona ma ke ʻano o nā kātoʻa ma nā maka. Hōʻike ka hiʻohiʻona o kēia ʻano ʻano i ka makaʻu ma muli o kona nui nui. Ma ke kūpono, ʻike ʻia kēia ʻano ʻano nui loa a me ka weliweli loa i waena o nā crocodiles. Hiki i ka nui o ke kino ke hiki i 7 mau mika ka loa. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hui i kēia ʻelele ma Asia Hema a me ʻAmelika Hema.
p, ka mea i pīhoihoi 6.0,0,0,0,0 ->
p, ka mea pā 7,0,0,0,0 ->
Kumulila kūloko. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona ʻike nui loa ma Africa. ʻO ka lua ʻelua ia ma hope o kahi paʻakai paʻakai. Ma ke ʻano ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa ʻana o ke kino o ke kino. Akā hiki ke hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻia ma kahi o 6 mau mika.
p, paukiki 8,0,0,0,0 ->
p, ka mea pā 9,0,0,0,0 ->
ʻĀhiuki (m ai ʻole paha) a i ʻole ka mage. ^ E Ha yM. Ma nā ʻano o nā ʻano āpau, ʻo ka māka Inia ka mea maʻamau. ʻO 3 ka nui o ke kāne he 3 mika. A ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o kēia ʻano ma ka ʻāina ma mua o nā poʻe a hiki ke hoʻolōʻihi i ka manawa o kāna manawa ma laila. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia ka ʻāina ʻo India.
p, paukō 10,0,0,0,0 ->
p, ka mea pā 11,0,0,0,0 ->
ʻAmelika ʻAmelika (a ʻAmelika paha). ^ E Ha yM. Hiki i kēia luna hiki ke piʻi i ka nui o kahi alaka ma ka Nile. Ua manaʻo ʻia he reptile weliweli, akā e luhi loa ai i ke kanaka. Ua loaʻa ka inoa "inoa" wili "ma muli o kāna mau kaalaha elongated a me ka liʻiliʻi. Aia ka ʻāpana o kēia ʻōiwi ma ʻAmelika Hema a me ʻAmelika Hema.
p, paukiki 12,0,0,0,0 ->
p, mea pā 13,0,0,0,0 ->
ʻAmelika lāʻau paʻa-crocodile. ^ E Ha yM. Hōʻike ʻia kahi ʻano ʻai ʻokiʻoki ʻia me ka paʻa o ka maʻi o kona maʻi. ʻO ka moʻolelo ʻole a me ka haʻalulu o nā ʻūhā e hiki ai i kēia ʻano ke holo aku me ka lawaiʻa. Kuhi ʻia nā ʻano mea e hoʻopau ʻia ma ka Buke Red. Ua mālama ʻia nā ʻano ʻoi aku nei i ka ʻāina o Gabon i ʻApelika.
p, blockquote 14,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 15,0,0,0,0 ->
ʻO ka buin Orinoc. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO ka mea e hōʻike nā ʻelele o ʻAmelika Hema. He kahikaha paa ia, kahi e kōkua ai i ke ola kai i ka ʻai. Hoʻonui loa kēia ʻenehana i nā mea pōkole, no ka mea, ʻo ka ʻona o kona kino ke kaumaha ma ka mākeke ʻeleʻele.
p, blockquote 16,0,1,0,0 ->
p, ka mea pā 17,0,0,0,0 ->
Australian Australian-crocodile or Johnston crocodile. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO kahi ʻelele liʻiliʻi. ʻO 2 paha ka lōʻihi o ka kāne. Noho i kahakai komohana o Ausetalia.
p, blockquote 18,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 19,0,0,0,0 ->
Kūkulu Filipina. ^ E Ha yM. Loaʻa ka heluna kanaka o kēia ʻano i ʻike ʻia ma Filipina. Loaʻa kahi kūʻokoʻa kūʻokoʻa ma kahi ākea ākea o ka muzzle. Hoʻololi ʻia ka bīhohe Filipina. Akā i ka lōʻihi o kahi o kona wahi noho i ka wahi o ke kanaka, ua loaʻa pinepine loa ka hoʻouka ʻana.
p, paukiki 20,0,0,0,0 ->
p, ka mea pā 21,0,0,0,0 ->
Kūkulu uluwehi o ʻAmelika Huipū a Moroc crocodile paha. ^ E Ha yM. ʻIke wale ʻia kēia ʻano i ka makahiki 1850 ma ka French naturalist Morel, no ka mea i loaʻa i ka crocodile ka inoa waena. ʻIke paʻa ʻia nā ʻāina ʻo Morele me nā kino wai kai o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa.
p, paukō he 22,0,0,0,0 ->
p, mea huna 23,0,0,0,0 ->
Nā Kūlau Kūʻai Hou. ^ E Ha yM. Hoʻolilo ʻia ka mea ʻelele ma ka Buke Red. Aia wale nō ia kahi e noho ai ma Indonesia wale nō. Makemake i ka pīkoi i ka wai hou a alakaʻi i kahi ola nocturnal.
p, ka mea pā 24,0,0,0,0 ->
p, he pāʻālua 25,0,0,0 ->
Kuba kaima. ^ E Ha yM. Noho kū ʻia ma nā mokupuni o Cuba. ʻO kahi ʻano nui o kēia ʻano, ʻo ia kona mau wāwae lōʻihi, i mea e ʻimi ai i ka waiwai i ka ʻāina. Ua manaʻo ʻia he mau ʻano ʻino ʻino ia.
p, ka mea pā 26,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 27,0,0,0,0 ->
ʻO ka Buoc i laʻa. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO kahi hui e loaʻa pinepine loa i loaʻa ma Kilikia. ʻAʻole ʻia ka nui o kona nui ma mua o 3 mau mika.
p, blockquote 28,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 29,0,0,0,0 ->
ʻAmelika a i ʻole plrodile dwarf. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO kahi mākaʻikaʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi o nā kumu lāʻau. ʻO 1.5 ka lōʻihi loa ka lōʻihi o ke kino. Noho i nā ʻapu ʻAmelika a me nā loko.
p, blockquote 30,0,0,0,0 ->
p, mea huna 31,0,0,0,0 ->
ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona maʻamau o ka mea āpau alligator
ʻO nā ʻano maʻamau ka lua. Pākuʻi ʻia 8 mau ʻelele. Pākuʻi ʻia nā ʻano like ʻole:
p, blockquote 32,1,0,0,0 ->
Alligator ʻAmelika (a i ʻole ʻo Mississippian). Ua manaʻo ʻia he ʻano ʻano nui loa o ke kahele Alligator. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino o nā kāne e lele a puni 4 mau mika. ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona ia i nā ʻāpana ikaika. Noho ia ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o ʻAmelika.
p, mea ʻokiʻoki 33,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 34,0,0,0,0 ->
Alligator China. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona kūʻokoʻa o ka ʻāina o Kina. Aia i ka lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi o 2 mika ka nui. ʻO kahi ʻaha kūkā liʻiliʻi. Noho wale nō ka heluna kanaka i nā 200 alligator.
p, ka mea pā 35,0,0,0,0 ->
p, paukiki 36,0,0,0,0 ->
ʻEleʻele cayman. I nā ʻōlelo nui o ka nui, kaʻana like me ka luna mua ʻAmelika. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino o kēia alligator hiki ke piʻi i 6 mika. Ke kaulana loa ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. Ua hōʻike ʻia ka hoʻouka ʻana i nā kānaka.
p, blockquote 37,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 38,0,0,0,0 ->
ʻO Bocodile. Hoʻolaha kūleʻa i ka laulaha kikoʻī. ʻAʻole hiki aku ka lōʻihi o ke kino ma kahi o 2 mau mika. E ʻoi aku ka makemake o ke koena o nā mea āpau, e hoʻolaha mai Belize a me Guatemala a Peru a me Mexico.
p, blockquote 39,0,0,0,0 ->
p, paukena 40,0,0,0,0 ->
ʻO ka cayman wahine ākea. ʻIkeʻike nui. Aia i kona mau ʻāpana mai 3 a 3,5 mika. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia ka ʻāina ʻo Argentina.
p, blockquote 41,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 42,0,0,0,0 ->
Paraguayan (a Yakar) cayman. ʻO kahi ʻaha kūkā liʻiliʻi. E noho ana ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o Brazil a me ʻAmelika mua. ʻOi aku ka maʻamau i Paraguay a ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o Bolivia.
p, ka mea pā 43,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 44,0,0,0,0 ->
Dwarf (a i ʻole hele-maikaʻi) caiman Cuvier. ʻAʻoleʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ke kino o kēia caiman ma luna o 1.6 mika, he mea liʻiliʻi loa ia e hoʻohālikelike ai i nā hoahānau. Ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia ka mea liʻiliʻi loa o ka papa holoʻokoʻa. Noho ka poʻe noho ma Brazil, Paraguay, Peru, Ecuador a me Guyana. Ua ʻike mua ka French naturalist Cuvier i kēia ʻano ulu i 1807.
p, blockquote 45,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 46,0,0,0,0 ->
He helehelena māmā (a i ʻole dwarf) Schneider caiman. Ua liʻiliʻi loa kēia ʻano o ka iwi ma mua o ka caiman Cuvier. ʻO kona nui e hiki i ka 2,3 mika. Kolo ʻia ka māhele ʻike mai Venezuela a hiki i hema o Brazil.
p, blockquote 47,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 48,0,0,1,0 ->
ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona maʻamau o ka detavment gavialov
Hoʻokahi wale nō mea unuhi i kēia ʻano - ʻo kēia ke kahu gavial a nā laupaʻa gavial. ^ E Ha yM. Kuhi ʻia kēia mau ʻōiwi he nui nā semi-aquatic reptiles i like me nā crocodiles maʻamau. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona loa ka pānaʻi loa maoli o ka muzzle, hiki iā lākou ke hoʻomaopopo maʻalahi i ka lawaiʻa.
p, blockquote 49,0,0,0,0 ->
p, blockquote 50,0,0,0,0 ->
ʻO ka hale o ka crobodie gavial ua pālahalaha ʻia ma Indonesia, Vietnam a me Malaysia.
p, blockquote 51,0,0,0,0 ->
ʻO nā Ganges Gavial i kekahi manawa i loaʻa ma Nepal, Myanmar a me Bangladesh. I nā ʻāina he nui, ua pau loa kēia ʻano holoholona. ʻO ka holo ʻana o Gavialov ka nui o ka manawa i ka wai, kahi hiki ke loaʻa iā ia kāna mau meaʻai ponoʻī.
p, blockquote 52,0,0,0,0 ->
Kauhui Kumuleka
ʻO ka hapa nui o nā ʻelele e makemake i ka hopu manu wale nō, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā ʻano ʻehā e hiki ke hana i ka huli ʻana. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā ʻōlima kūpilikiʻi i loko o kā lākou ʻai ʻana. E pili ana kēia:
ʻAʻole hiki i kekahi holoholona ʻē aʻe ke hoʻohālikelike me kahi crocodile me nā niho koʻikoʻi a me nā waha ākea. Ke hāʻule ka mea i hāʻule i ka waha o ka lāʻau kuhi, a laila ʻaʻole hiki iā ia ke haʻalele hou aku. E like me ke kānāwai, ua ʻōlelo aku ka crocodile i kāna mea i luku ʻia, a i kekahi manawa e hōʻuluʻulu iā ia i nā ʻāpana. ʻAi nā meaʻai nui i ka nui o nā meaʻai i kēlā lā i kēia lā, ʻo ka 23% wale nō o ko lākou paona kino.
p, blockquote 54,0,0,0,0 ->
p, he pāʻālua 55,0,0,0,0 ->
Mai ka wā kahiko, ʻo kā lākou huahana maʻamau. Ma muli o kona nohona, ʻo kēia ʻano heleʻena wikiwiki ka wikiwiki.
p, mea ʻiki 56,0,0,0,0 ->
Ka wā hānau a me nā hua
ʻO nā Crocodiles i manaʻo ʻia he lālā polgamous o nā reptile. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka wā honu e nā koko koko ma waena o nā kāne no ka nānā ʻana o ka wahine i koho ʻia. Ke hoʻomoe nei, hoʻomoe ka wahine i kāna hua ma ka pāpū. E hūnā iā lākou mai ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana i nā maka, uhi ʻo ia i nā hua me ka honua a me ka mauʻu. Ke kanu nei kekahi mau wahine iā lākou i ka hohonu. Aia ka helu o nā hua i kau ʻia ma ke ʻano o nā ʻelele. Hiki i kā lākou helu ke lilo i 10 a i ʻole 100. I ka wā incubation, ʻaʻole haʻalele ka wahine i kāna mau pale, ʻoiai e pale ana iā lākou mai ka manawa pōpilikia i nā manawa a pau. ʻO ka manawa o ka ʻike ʻana o nā crocodiles e hilinaʻi i nā kūlana climatic, akā, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, he lōʻihi ia ma mua o 3 mau mahina. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā crocodiles liʻiliʻi i ka manawa like, a ʻo ka nui o ko lākou kino e hiki i ka 28 sentimeter. Ke hoʻāʻo nei e puka i waho o ka pōʻai, hoʻomaka nā pēpē hou me ke kani nui i ka manaʻo o ka makuahine. Inā lohe ka makuahine, kōkua ʻo ia i kāna hua e puka i kā lākou mau hua me kāna mau niho koʻikoʻi, me ka wāwahi ʻo ia i ka manamana. Ma hope o ka hatch ʻana maikaʻi, pili ka wahine i kāna mau keiki i kahi kō.
p, blockquote 57,0,0,0,0 ->
p, ka mea i pīhoihoi 58,0,0,0,0 ->
He mau lā wale nō ma hope mai o ka lā, hemo ka makuahine i ka pilina me kāna hua. Hele nā puka lāʻau ʻē aʻe i loko o ka nahele holo ʻole ʻole a kōkua ʻole.
p, blockquote 59,0,0,0,0 ->
ʻAʻole ka ʻōhumu āpau i kā lākou keiki. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā haki ma hope o ka waiho ʻana i nā hua manu a waiho i kā lākou "pūnana" a waiho piha o ka hua.
p, blockquote 60,0,0,0,0 ->
No ka mea e koi ʻia nā mea kīlohelohe e ulu nui i ka wā mua, ua kiʻekiʻe loa ko lākou make ma ka wā ʻōpio. Hoʻokū ʻia nā kīlopele liʻiliʻi e hūnā mai nā mea hihiu hihiu, a ma ka mua ka hānai pono ʻia lākou i nā pepeke. Ke ulu aʻe nei, hiki iā lākou ke hoʻokūkū me ka pīpī no ka iʻa, a me nā pākeke hiki iā lākou ke ʻimi i ka pāʻani nui.
p, blockquote 61,0,0,0,0 ->