ʻAliʻu Anguis Linnaeus, 1758

Buke Red o ka māhele Saratov
ke hoʻi hou nei ka poʻe

Palapala lei
Kahi ʻano ʻepekema
Aupuni:
Inoa kaʻepekema ʻenehana

Palapala lei, a i ole tinker (lat. ʻAliʻu Anguis) - he makana mai ka ʻohana spindle (lat. Anguidae) ʻO kēia wale nō ka līlū manu ʻole e noho ana ma ka moku Saratov.

ʻO keʻano

ʻO kahi kīlā loea maikaʻi me ka iwi ʻōlena, me ka lōʻihi o 30-40 cm a me kahi hiʻipiʻo koʻikoʻi. ʻO kahi kaʻili he kaʻawale a me ke kelepona. He puni ka haumāna. He haʻalulu ke kāwili o ke kino, me nā iwi ʻole, aia ma 23-30 mau laina lōʻihi. Kūpono ke kino ma luna o nā ʻōpio'ōpiopio i ke kala a i ʻole a i ʻole nā ​​ʻāpana ʻalani me nā pupu pōkole ʻelua e hele mai i kahi wahi liʻiliʻi a emi ʻole paha i ka hope o ke poʻo. ʻEleʻele a ʻeleʻele paha nā ʻaoʻao a me ka ʻōpū, a he kīkaha ka palena ma waena o ka dorsal māmā a me nā ʻāpana hope o ke kino. Ke ulu nui ka līlō, e hoʻomaʻemaʻe aniani ka ʻaoʻao o ke kino a loaʻa i kahi kala melemele-ʻulaʻula a ʻeleʻele hoʻi me kahi kāʻei keleawe ʻano. ʻO ka pōkole a me ka ʻōpū, hoʻomālamalama ʻia. Kahi pinepine nā kāne ʻōpio i ka monochrome, me nā ʻeleʻele uliuli a i ʻole nā ​​ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele ma ke kua, akā ua hoʻolaha ʻia i kona kolu pae mua.

Wahi a nā ikepili hou, hōʻike ʻia ka like ʻole e nā ʻano subspecies: A. f. pālahalaha a A. f. colchicus. ^ E Ha yM. Ma ka ʻāpana o ka ʻāina ʻo Saratov ola A. f. colchicus.

Kālā

Kahele nui ʻia i South, Central a Eastern Europe, Asia Minor, Transcaucasia a me Iran. Ma ka ʻāina ʻo Lūkia, loaʻa ia i nā wahi a me nā ʻalāʻau ala lāʻau ala-ala mai ke palena o ka moku ma ke komohana a i ke awāwa hema hema o ka muliwai ʻo Tobol ma Western Siberia ma ka hikina. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka ʻāpana ma ka ʻāina Saratov me nā kahe kai a me nā wahi neʻe pili i loko o ka waona ʻo Saratov Right (e komo pū ana ma ka moku Rtishchevsky).

Nā hiʻohiʻona a me ke ʻano hana

Noho ia i loko o nā nahele i hoʻopili ai a hoʻopololei, makemake i ka maple oak na lāʻau, nā lāʻau pine, nā mea āpau, kahi e ʻike ʻia ai i nā ʻōmaʻomaʻo, nā māka, nā ʻaoʻao ākea. ʻO ka līlī palupalu ke ʻano wale nō o nā waha o ka wahi me ka hana twilight-night, alakaʻi i kahi ʻano pilikino. I ka lā, mālama ka ʻeleʻele i nā ʻōpala o lalo, ma lalo o nā wahi lāʻau, nā pail o ka lāʻau make, nā ʻōpala ʻōpala, nā ʻōpala o nā rodents liʻiliʻi, e waiho wale nei iā lākou i ke ao a me ke anuanu. Holo ka neʻe o ka neʻe ʻana i waho o ka polū, eia naʻe, hele i ko lākou ala ma waena o nā mea laʻu a i waena paha o nā pōhaku, neʻe wikiwiki nei lākou, me he mea la o ka ʻili o ke kino holoʻokoʻa. Nā molī ka spindle i mau manawa i ka makahiki, e waiho ana ma hope o kahi ʻano manu e like me nā nahesa. Hiki iā ia ke kiʻī i ka spindle, e like me nā lepa maikaʻi o ka manu o ka ʻāina, i ka ʻili i laila, no laila kona inoa kikoʻī.

I ka pūnāwai, ua ʻike ʻia lākou i ka waena o ʻApelila - Mei ma ke ea wela + 12 ° C a ma luna. Hoʻomaka ka manawa hānai ma hope o nā holoholona i waiho i nā wahi hoʻoilo i ka hoʻoilo, ma ka waena o Mei-Iune. I ka wā moe, mālama ke kāne i ka wahine me nā ʻōpī o ka ʻāʻī, pinepine ma hope o kēlā mau bites ka ʻano ʻano i koe. ʻO ke kaʻina holoʻokoʻa (pelekikena + copulation) pinepine ma kahi o kahi lā. ʻO ka līpī he ovoviviparous. Noho ka wahine i kahi o 3 mahina. ʻO ka nānā ʻana o ka makahiki 15,16, he awelika o nā ʻōpio ʻōpio he 11 a me ka lōʻihi o ke kino he 44.0-57.5

Ma ka manawa maʻamau ke haʻalele lākou no ka hoʻoilo i ka hopena o Kepakemapa, akā naʻe, i ka lā hōʻona, hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā mea kūʻokoʻa i ka mahina o ʻOkakopa. Hoʻopau nā lāʻau lāʻau i nā lua o ka lāʻau, a i kekahi manawa he nui o ka poʻe e hōʻuluʻulu ʻia. Ua hānai lākou i nā ʻōpū honua, mollusks terestrial, larvae pepeke, millipedes a me nā holoholona lohi lohi. Pili ka moʻa ma ke kolu o ke ola o ka makahiki. ʻO ka 50 ola ka nui o ke ola o ka spindle he 50 mau makahiki, ʻo ka nui he 20-30.

Ke kaupalena nei i nā ʻano a me ke kūlana

Spindle-tree, ʻoiai ke ʻano o kona ola huna, lilo ka mea i hoʻopiʻi ʻia i nā reptile (maʻamau coppers), nā manu (hina ʻulaʻala, Magpie, hina hina, jay, ka ʻōpala maʻamau, nāhelehele, a me nā mea like ʻole) a me nā mammals (maʻamau ka fox, marten).

Kuhi ʻia nā ʻano i ka Red Book o ka māhele Saratov. Ke kūlana palekana: 5 - kahi ʻano hoʻihoʻi, ʻo ia ke kūlana no ka loaʻa ʻana o nā ʻōiwi kūlohelohe i kahi hopohopo, akā, ʻo ka heluna kanaka e mālama mau i ka mālama. Ma nā ululāʻau ulu nui me ka nui o ka oak ma ke kahawai o ka muliwai ʻo Khopyor ma nā wahi ʻo Arkadak a me Balashovsky, ʻo ka lahilahi o ka lehulehu i ka pūnāwai o 1992 a me 1994 he 0.8 a me 1.4 mau kanaka / ha, ma ia mea. Ma nā pūnaewele nui i ka pūnāwai o 1997, ua lawe ʻia ka awelika o 1,2 kanaka / 2 km o ka huina. Kūkulu ka nui o nā hōʻailona kikoʻī o nā ʻano. ʻO ka mea nui e hoʻopili ai i ka noho ʻana o nā wahi noho ma muli o nā hana ululāʻau a me ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka ʻoliʻoli nui, ka luku koke ʻia e nā kānaka.

Ho‘ouna ʻia ka ʻike ma ka Appendix III i ka Convention Berne.