Kākau - ka ʻohana wale nō ʻ .lelo ʻia (Myocastoridae). I waho, ke ʻano o kēia ʻano rodent: ʻo ka lōʻihi o kona kino a hiki i 60 cm, ʻili - a hiki i 45 cm, ke kaumaha 5-10 kg. He kaumaha ka nui o ke kino o ka nutria, he nui ke poʻo, a me ka maka liʻiliʻi a me ka pepeiao, ʻike liʻiliʻi nā wāwae, ua puʻupuʻu nā muzzle, me nā lōʻihi o ka vibrissae a me nā mea alaha kala. ʻO Nutria alakaʻi i kahi ola semi-aquatic, a no laila aia ka nui o nā hiʻohiʻona anatomical pili i kēia. No ka laʻana, wehe ʻia kona mau ihu i nā ʻenehana neʻe kūikawā a hiki ke pani paʻa loa. Ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā lehelehe o kēia rodent ma mua a paʻa paʻa ma hope o nā mea uʻi, e ʻae ana i ka nutria e huki i lalo o nā mea kanu ma lalo o ka wai, ʻoiai ʻaʻole e waiho ka wai i ka lua o ka waha. Ma waena o nā manamana lima o ka manamana lima (koe wale nō ma waho), he pelemela ʻo ka nutria, he lei puʻu lāua a uhi ʻia hoʻi me nā ʻili scaly, ʻoiai e ʻauʻau ana, e hana ana i ka hoʻokele. Aia nā leaka momona a me nā kauā (4-5 mau wāwae) i kahi kiʻekiʻe ma nā ʻaoʻao o nā wahine, e ʻae ana i nā pīpī e hānai i ka wai. ʻO ka wai lau o ka nutria, he kapa awn lōʻihi a pūloi, a me nā mānoanoa ka peʻe umauma. Ma ka ʻōpū a me nā ʻaoʻao, ua ʻoi aku ka mānoanoa o ka hulu ma mua o ke kua, a hāʻawi ʻia i ke mālama ʻana i ka wela maikaʻi loa i ke kino.
ʻAuhea e noho ai ka nutria?
Hoʻohui ʻia ka ʻaoʻao kūlohelohe o ka nutria i ka hapa hema o ʻAmelika Hema mai Bolivia a me Bīkini ʻo Brazil a hiki i Tierra del Fuego. ʻO nā wahi punahele o kēia holoholona ka wai nāhele wai me ka wai palaka a kū ʻole i nā wai: nā wai kahawai wai, nāʻu a me nā ʻoni a me nā mea kanu alder. Hōʻalo ʻo Nutria i nā ululāʻau mau, ʻaʻole ia e piʻi i luna o 1200 m ma luna o ke kai i loko o nā kuahiwi (Andes). Ma nā mokupuni ʻo Chonos (Chile) e noho nei kēia koʻokoʻo ma nā kahawai o nā wai wai paʻakai. Ma nā kūlana kūlohelohe, hoʻoikaika nui ka nutria i ka pō. ʻAi ʻo ia i ka rhizomes, nā lau a me nā lau o ka ʻoka a me nā pōpoki. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka meaʻai hou, ka nū wai, nā lilia wai, a me nā mea kanu manu. ʻO ka ʻai nā holoholona (nā leeches, mollusks) e like me ka hapa ʻole o ka lau ʻai. Pue ka Nutria a hōʻoluʻolu me ka maikaʻi loa, ma lalo o ka wai a hiki i 10 mau minuke. ʻAʻole kūpono kēia ulu lāʻau no ka noho ʻana i loko o nā hale ʻai manu, ʻoiai hiki iā ia ke hoʻomanawanui i nā frost o -35 ° C. ʻO ka mea ʻoiaʻiʻo ke hana ʻole nā nutria i kahi malu mai ka hau a me ka poʻe iʻa, ʻaʻole hoʻi e mālama i ka meaʻai no ka hoʻoilo, me ka beavers, muskrats a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. ʻAkāne mau ʻāpana semi-akuatic. Ma lalo o ka hau, hoʻoili maikaʻi ʻia, a ke iho nei i loko o ka lua, ʻaʻole paha e ʻike ʻia kahi ala e make ai.
ʻO ke ʻano a me nā ʻano maʻamau o ka nutria
Loaʻa i ka nutria kahi lohe maikaʻi - e ʻalepale ana me kahi pūlū liʻiliʻi. ʻOiai ka luhi i ʻike ʻia, holo koke ka holoholona, ʻoiai ke hana ʻana i ka lele, akā hikiwī ka wikiwiki. Hoʻomaha ʻo ia a kālai aku i nā hua ma nā puka puʻupuʻu i hoʻonohonoho ʻia i nā puhaka a me nā mākaʻi pōkole o nā peʻe o ka lāʻau a me ka pōʻai. Hoʻokomo nā pua ma nā kālai ala o ka nutria - mai nāowai mai a hiki i nā ʻōnaehana huakaʻi paʻakikī. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia o kā lākou mau wahi papa ma nā ala e hele ai ka holoholona i nā mea kanu e kokoke ana. Noho ʻo Nutria i nā pūʻulu o 2-13 kanaka hoʻokahi, kahi paʻa o nā wahine makua, kā lākou keiki a me ke kāne. Noho wale nā kāne ʻōpio. Hiki i ka nutria ke hoʻohālikelike i nā makahiki āpau a puni, a nui nā hua. Mai kahi wahine hiki iā ʻoe ke kiʻi i nā litters 2-3 hoʻokahi makahiki, ka mea maʻamau i ka pūnāwai a me ke kauwela. ʻO kēia rodent he mea lawaiʻa a me ka hoʻouluulu ʻana i nā mahiʻai pua a me nā mahiʻai, a ʻo ka nutria ka mea i uhi ʻia ʻaʻole wale nō ia o ke kala polula, akā ke ʻano o nā mea like ʻole - ʻulaʻula, ʻulaʻula, ʻulaʻula, beige, gula, a me nā mea he nūpepa ʻo Nutria no ka ʻiʻo.
ʻRialelo Nutria
E ʻike ʻia nā subspecies o nutria, kekahi, e noho nei i nā subtropics, ua hōʻoia ʻia i nā ʻāina nui o ka honua. ʻO nā māla holoholona mua i kūkulu ʻia i ka hope o XIX - i mau makahiki he XX. ma ʻAmelika, ma hope a ua lawe ʻia lākou i USA, ʻEulopa a me ʻAsia. Ua puka ʻo Nutria ma USSR i 1930-1932, a mai 1930 a i 1963, ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā holoholona 6,270 i nā wahi hema o ko Soviet Union. Ua kūleʻa ʻia ka Acclimatization ma Caucasus ma ka moku ʻo Lenkoran, ma ke kula o lalo ʻo Kura Kula ma Georgia, a ʻoiai hoʻi ma Tajikistan hema. Ma kekahi mau'āina, ua manaʻo ʻia nā nutria holoholona hihiu e hoʻopau i nā mea kanu kai, hōʻino nā ʻōnaehana hoʻoheheʻe ʻia, nā kāwili wai a hoʻonāukiuki ʻia nā kaʻe muliwai. I ka manawa like, hoʻonui koke ka nutria i mālama ʻia a mālama ʻia e like me kahi holoholona.
Nā hiʻohiʻona a me ka noho home o ka nutria
Kākau - keia holoholona nā kāʻei nui. Ua ulu lākou i nā makahiki he nui i nā ʻāina e like me Russia, Kazakhstan, Ukraine, a me Caucasus.
ʻO kekahi hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona o ka nutria kona mau niho aniani. Inā hoʻohālikelike ʻoe i kona hulu me ka hulu o ka manu a i ʻole he ʻalopona paha, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hulu nutria.
Hoʻohana ʻia mea ʻai nutria. ^ E Ha yM. He ahaʻaiʻai nā meaʻai, a keu aku hoʻi, he ʻono nui. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, hikiʻole ke manaʻoʻiʻo inā ke nānā ʻoe i ke kiʻi nutria.
ʻO kēia holoholona holoholona i like me ka lōʻihi o ke kino lōʻihi e pili ana i 60 cm a kahi huelo lōʻihi, i uhi ʻia e nā unahi. Inā makemake ʻoe e ʻike i nā mea like nutria, kiʻi hōʻike ʻia i kēia moʻolelo. ʻO ʻAmelika Hema ka ʻāina o ka nutria. Ma laila hiki ke loaʻa iā lākou ma kahi kokoke i nā loko, a me nā ʻūā hoʻi.
I ka wā mua, hoʻomaka lākou e hānai iā lākou i ka USA, a mai laila "neʻe lākou" i Europa a ma hope mai iā mākou. ʻO kekahi manaʻo kupaianaha: i loko o kēia holoholona ʻaʻole i lawe ka aʻa.
He huluhulu maikaʻi loa ka nutria, no ka mea ʻaʻole e hoʻokuʻu ka holoholona i nā lā ma kahi haʻahaʻa loa. Akā ma kēlā mau wahi o ka papa i kahi anuanu ke anuanu, ʻaʻole e ola ka nutria. A he maʻalahi ke wehewehe.
ʻAʻole hiki i kēia mau holoholona ke hana i kā lākou mau home a paʻa i ka meaʻai no ka hoʻoilo. I ka wā anuanu nutria ʻAʻole hiki iā ia ke loaʻa i ka meaʻai ma lalo o ka hau, no ka mea noa hiki ʻole iā ia ke hoʻokele i nā kūlana like.
ʻO kēia ke kumu ʻē aʻe e hiki ai i ka nutria ke noho ma nā wahi anuanu. I ke anuanu wela, makemake nui ka nutria i ka ʻoluʻolu. Inā ʻoi aku ka nui o ke alanui ma kahi o ke kanakolu degere Celsius, e hūnā ka nutria i ka pale a i ʻeli paha i kahi lua kahi e kali ai lākou no ka wela. Hiki i kēia mau holoholona ke ʻeli maikaʻi i ka molī. ʻO ka pinepine, hāmai lākou i ka ʻuʻuku i ka ʻohe.
I ʻEulopa, ua kapa ʻia ʻo nutria i ka mauʻu boron. ʻO kēia ma muli o ko lākou wahi i noho ai. I ka manawa pinepine, noho nā nutria i nā kino o ka wai, kahi e kū ai ka wai a nawaliwali paha ka wai. ʻO ka loko Reed kahi wahi kūpono no ka nutria.
Inā makemake ʻoe kūʻai aku i ka nutria, a laila hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻimi i nā hoʻolaha ma kā lākou kūʻai ʻana ma ka Pūnaewele. Inā makemake ʻoe e hua kumukūʻai nutria ka mea ʻē paha, a laila e aʻo iā mākou e heluhelu i kēia ʻatikala. E kōkua kēia mau ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo iā ʻoe e pōmaikaʻi i kēia mau holoholona.
Holo a mālama i ka nutria
Hiki ke bred i ka makahiki i loko a me ʻole e hana ia i ka manawa. I ka hihia mua, pono mau ka holoholona e hoʻomau mau. No ka hoʻokō ʻana, pono ia e kiaʻi mau i ka ʻano o nā wahine, a ʻo ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka manawa o ka hopu ʻana, loaʻa iā ia kahi manawa e kanu ai iā ia i ke kāne. I ka hihia o ka hoʻouluulu nutria i kēlā me kēia makahiki, pinepine pinepine ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka whelping o ka nutria wahine.
ʻO ke hopena, hiki i ka ʻohana ke pālua i ka nui. Eia nō naʻe, ua loaʻa kēia ala loina i kāna mau drawbacks. Pono ka nānā ponoʻana o Nutria. Me ke ʻano o ka hānai ʻana o ka makahiki, hiki ʻole i nā wahine āpau ke hoʻokō i nā koi: ʻoi kekahi o lākou hiki ke hāpai ʻia, ʻoi aku kekahi i kahi lactation (hānai keiki), inā ʻaʻole i ulu ʻē aʻe ko lākou lauoho.
Pono e noʻonoʻo pono i ka ʻili piha piha o nā lauoho a me nā nunui o ka nutria i hiki ke loaʻa ma ka luku wale ʻana i ka wā hoʻoilo-hoʻoilo. Kāleka nutria i kēia hihia, e hoʻohuli ʻia ke ʻano o ke kūlana kiʻekiʻe.
Mai ka hoʻomaka o ʻOkakopa a hiki i ka hopena o Pepeluali - ka manawa kūpono loa no ka luku. He mea kūpono ia e pono e hele i ka nutria i kekahi mau makahiki ma mua o kēia. Pono ʻo ia ma ka liʻiliʻi o 9-10 mahina paha.
I kēia manawa, pono ka mālama ʻana i nā ʻōpiopio i hānau ʻia i ka hapa lua o ka makahiki a hiki i ka hopena o ka makahiki e hiki mai ana. No laila, ke hoʻonui aʻe nei ke kumukūʻai o ka hānai. Inā hoʻomāla ʻoe i ka nutria ka manawa, a laila hiki ke hōʻalo ʻia ka nui o nā hemahema i ka wā o ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka makahiki.
ʻO ke kūpono a kū nā pēpē a pau i ka kolamu mua. A ma ka hoʻoilo, loaʻa nā kānaka i ka manawa holoʻokoʻa, a ulu ka hulu. I kēia mau mea, he mea nui loa ia ka nutria whelp i ka hapa mua o ka makahiki. No laila, a hiki i Malaki, e loaʻa i nā poʻe'ōpio a pau ka manawa e ulu a hiki i ka makahiki i makemake ʻia.
Mea Hoʻohui Meaola
I ka nohona kūlohelohe, hānai nā nutria i nā mea kanu e ulu ana ma ke kokoke o nā kino wai, a me nā lālā a me nā aʻa. Ke mālama nei i ka nutria ma ka home, ua hānai nui ʻia lākou me ka hānai, nā palaoa, a me nā mea kanu, paukena a me nā huahana ʻē aʻe.
Eia kekahi, nutria ʻai maikaʻi i ka artichoke Ierusalema, kāloti, parsnips, a me ka ʻōpena palaoa. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hānai iā lākou i ka meaʻai kūlohelohe - ʻohe, lālā a me nā mea hou aku. Pono e mālama i ka mea ʻoi he mau rodria nā lāʻau, no laila e pono e hāʻawi i nā lālā i ʻoi aku ka mea e hoʻomaʻū i nā incisors.
ʻO ka meaʻai punahele no ka nutria ka pepeiao o ka palaoa ʻōpiopio. Hiki iā lākou ke ʻai holoʻokoʻa. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka huahana e pono e hoʻohana ai no lākou he mau ʻōpala palaoa, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o kāna mau huaʻa.
ʻO kekahi ʻano momona nutria punahele ka palaoa palaoa. Pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia ka nui o nā meaʻai e kaupalena ʻia i nā wahine ʻōpio, a me nā wahine i manaʻo ʻia no ka moe ʻana i nā wahine hāpai.
ʻO kēia no ka mea e ʻai ana i kahi nui o nā hua palaoa, hiki ke momona ka nutria a hoʻomōlō i nā pēpē make. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hānai me ka palaoa palaoa kēlā mau nutria e hele ana i ka maka. Akā ʻoiai he mea pono ia e hōʻoia i ka ʻai maoli i ka ʻai a pau a hiki i ka ʻai hope ʻana.
He mea pōmaikaʻi loa hoʻi e hānai i nā nutria me nā kōkō hoke. Akā, i nā wahine e hānai ana i kā lākou hua, pono ke hoʻemi ʻia ka nui o kēia huahana i ka liʻiliʻi.
ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo hiki ke hoʻopili i nā hue waiū, a me ka waiū i ka nui e hiki ai ke hele mai i ka hua. ʻAʻole hiki i kēia ke alakaʻi wale aku i kahi lohi i ka hoʻolālāʻana o nā keiki bipi, akā a hiki i kā lākou make.
I ka nui o nā manawa, ʻokoʻa nā nutria i ka ʻano like ʻole o ka meaʻai. A inā e hoʻohui i nā meaʻai hou i kā lākou papa, hiki iā lākou ke pane iā ia. Inā lāle, no ka mea, ua hānai aku ʻoe i ka beetroot nutria no ka manawa lōʻihi, a laila hoʻololi koke ʻia i loko o kahi pākī, a ma ka mua ua hali ka holoholona e ʻai.
Akā, ma hope o kekahi manawa, eʻai ʻo ia iā ia ma mua o nā beets. Akā, ʻaʻole ʻoe e hoʻololi pinepine i nā mea kanu i ka zucchini, mau paukena, a me nā mea like i nā huahana e like me nā pona o nā hua o nā ʻuala a me nā kāloti, a me ka ʻuala, ua ʻona a hiki i ka ʻāpono i ke kino o ka nutria. ʻO ka papa inoa o nā mea make i loaʻa nā celandine, dope, euphorbia a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.
ʻAʻole pono ke hānai ʻia ʻo Nutri i ka meaʻai ʻōpio, e like me nā holoholona ʻē aʻe. Mai hāʻawi i nā meaʻai momona a me nā lau mauʻu. E hoʻomanaʻo he pono ʻole e kau ʻia ka iʻa a me ka iʻa i ka papa o ka nutria.
Hoʻomoe a lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o ka nutria
Hiki i nā nutria wahine ke hoʻohua i ka hua a hiki i ʻelua a ʻekolu paha i kēlā me kēia makahiki. No kahi mamo hoʻokahi, hiki iā ia ke lawe mai 5 a 7 mau cub. Ua hānau maikaʻi loa nā chickpeas. ʻO kekahi mau mahina ma hope o ka hānau ʻana, hoʻomaka nā keiki e noho kūʻokoʻa a haʻalele i ko lākou makuahine.
ʻO ka ola ola o ka nutria, e noho ana i ka nahele a me ka nutria, i mālama ʻia i nā kūlana kūlohelohe, he nui like ʻole i kekahi. No laila, i ka hihiu, ʻo ka manaʻolana o ke ola o nutria he ʻehā a i ʻelima mau makahiki. Ma ka home Nutria aiʻole nutria i loko o kahi zoo me ka mālama maikaʻi e hiki ke ola lōʻihi - ʻumikumamālua makahiki.
Kālā
Hoʻohui ʻia ka ʻaoʻao kūlohelohe o ka nutria i ka hapa hema o ʻAmelika Hema mai Bolivia a me Bīkini ʻo Brazil a hiki i Tierra del Fuego. Ua koi ʻia ʻo ia ma nā ʻāina he nui o ʻEulopa a me ʻAmelika ʻAmelika; ʻaʻole ia i lawe i ke aʻa ma ʻAmelika. Ma USSR, ua kūleʻa ka acclimatization o nutria i ka Caucasus, Kyrgyzstan a me Tajikistan. Ke pālahalaha nei a e emi ana paha ka pae ma luna o ke anuanu a ʻoluʻolu paha. I kekahi mau hihia, ua alakaʻi nā kulu hau i ka nalowale i ka nutria, no ka laʻana, ma Scandinavia a me nā ʻāpana ʻĀkau o US ma ka 1980s.
ʻO ka kumu o ke ʻano a me ka wehewehe
ʻO ka Nutria he holoholona mammalia: aia kēlā i ka wae o ka rodents a hōʻike i ka ʻohana o nutria. Ua kapa ʻia ʻokoʻa: otter, coipu, palwā. Hoʻohana ʻia nā inoa āpau me ka mau like o ka huakaʻi. ʻOiai he nui o nā poʻe loea e ʻōlelo ʻaʻole i hiki i ka nutria ke kapa ʻia he beavers beamp. Ua ʻōlelo lākou ʻaʻole pili kēia mau holoholona i nā beavers muliwai maoli, nā kiʻi. Hoʻomanaʻo wale lākou iā lākou - ma nā ʻano like, nā ʻano maʻamau. No laila, ʻaʻohe kūpono kēia hoʻohālikelike.
Wikiō: ʻO Nutria
He koʻokoʻo ko Koipu. Hiki i ka lōʻihi o ko lākou kino e hiki i ke kanaono kenimita, a me ke paona - he ʻumikumamālua kilograms. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā ʻānai a nā kāne ma mua o nā wahine. I waho, he mea like ka nui o nā holoholona. Ua uhi ʻia ko lākou kino me nā mānoanoa pōkole.
ʻO ka mea hoihoi: ʻoiai ke anuanu ʻo ka lehulā, ka lehulā pōkole e kina ʻole i kahi mea ʻala maikaʻi ʻole. He maemae loa lākou, ʻaʻole e like me nā lālā ʻē aʻe o ka ʻohana rodent.
ʻO ka nani, ka hulu pua o ka nutria ka mea nui i ka lawaiʻa. No kēia kumu, hoʻomaka ai kēia mau holoholona i ke kanu ʻana i nā pā holoholona zoo a puni ka honua. I kēia mau lā, aia ma kahi o ʻumikūmālua ʻumikūmole o kēia māmā. He ʻumi tausani hipa, hui ʻia ʻehiku.
Ua māhelehele ʻia lākou a pau i nā hui ʻelua:
ʻO nā lei o ka holoholona me ka kala kala ʻānō he maʻamau. ʻIke ʻia ka nutria kalaia ma muli o ka hoʻoulu ʻia. ʻOkoʻa like ka kala o ko lākou hulu hipa. Aia kahi Azerbaijani, he nutria Italia, keʻokeʻo, ʻeleʻele. Hāpai nui nā pua momona non-ferrous i ka mākeke o kēia manawa.
ʻO nā nutria holoholona a i ʻole he beaver beaver. ʻO keʻano
ʻO waho, he mau ala like ʻole ka nutria i nā kiʻi, akā ʻaʻole naʻe. He mau maka lāʻau ʻai momoli kēia, ʻo ia wale nō nā mākana o nā ʻano o ka ʻohana nutria. Ma muli o ke ʻano semi-aquatic, ua kapa ʻia nō hoʻi lākou he "beampvers", "coipu" a i ʻole ʻo "otters".
Kēia e like me ka ʻike i loko o ke kiʻi, ʻike ʻia kēia mau luna o ka fauna e ke kino stocky, nā ʻōpū ikaika liʻiliʻi loa, kahi ʻulima lōʻihi a me nā pōkole, pepeiao liʻiliʻi pubescent. I ka mea i hoʻohuihui ʻole ʻia, ʻoi aku ka mea e ulu ai ka holoholona wili a i kahi pōpoki pohō a i ʻole kahi ʻāpana ʻili.
ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino o kēia wai kai hiki ke hiki i 60 cm, a me ke koʻikoʻi - 12 kg. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā ʻōpiopio ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi i ka maikaʻi. ʻO nā wahine, i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana iā lākou, ke kaupaona nei ka lōʻihi ma 8-9 kg me ka lōʻihi o ke kino o 35-45 cm. ʻAʻohe ʻano o ka makahiki o ka holoholona, ʻo ka lōʻihi o kona huʻu he like me ia - 45 cm.
He meaʻokoʻa ʻo Nutria:
- nunui, pili i ka nui o ke kino, ke poʻo me nā maka liʻiliʻi,
- Kaheʻe (ʻaʻole i lōʻihi) muzzle,
- lōʻihi kaheaissa
- incisors ʻulaʻula.
E like me nā lālā o nā kai kūlohelohe o ka wai, nā bea bog ka nui o nā hiʻohiʻona koi i ka anatomy o ke kino.
O kahi laʻana:
- I nā auricles, he paʻu fluffy palaʻa lākou i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka lewa, e pale ana i ka wai mai ke komo ʻana i ka kanawai pepeiao.
- Aia holo kekahi holoholona i loko o kona mau ihu, hoʻopili ʻia ka ʻaka paʻa ʻana, ma muli o ke ʻano o ka mea i komo ʻole ka lolo.
- Ma muli o ka hoʻokaʻawale anterior, hiki i nā lehelehe o ka rodent ke paʻa paʻa i mua o nā niho, kahi e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke ʻohi i ka meaʻai o ka mea kanu i ka hohonu me ka ʻaʻole e hoʻopili i ka wai.
- Ma nā wāwae hind o ka nutria he mau septa interdigital, e hoʻomaʻamaʻa ana i ka neʻe ʻana i ka loko.
- ʻO ke kapa ʻili scaly me kahi mahele ʻokoʻa ma luna o ke aniani e hoʻopuni ʻia ana, e kōkua i ka pale ʻana i ke kino inā ka hale kai i lalo.
- ʻO nā nutria ʻōpio, ma muli o ke kūlana kiʻekiʻe o nā kima hammary ma nā ʻaoʻao o nā wahine, hiki ke hānai i lalo o ka wai.
Nā hiʻohiʻona, kahi noho
I ka nahele, loaʻa ka nutria i nā kahakai o ʻAmelika Hema. ʻO ka nui o kā lākou wahi noho no ka palena ʻo Bolivian a hiki ma Tierra del Fuego. I ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, ua ʻike ka poʻe mahiʻai hulu manu i ka maikaʻi o ka pua nutria a ua kōkua i kona acclimatization i nā ʻāina he nui ma ka moana. I ka hopena, ua hoʻolauna ʻia ka genus i ka ʻāina Eurasian, ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, ʻApelika.
Ma muli o ka wela nui a me ka nele o ka ea, ʻaʻole i kūpono ka kuke o ka ʻApika i ka rodent. Ma nā kāāina i loaʻa ai iā ia ke aʻa, ʻano like kona mau noho, ʻano like me nā kūlana o ka wā i ka wā anu. Hele aku kahi ʻoiaʻiʻo i ka mōʻaukala i ka makahiki 80 o ke kenekulia 20, ʻaʻole hiki i nā holoholona ke hoʻoilo i nā kūlana o nā froma ʻākau nui, i alakaʻi ʻia ai nā holoholona ma nā ʻāina o Scandinavia a me nā ʻāpana ʻākau o USA.
Loaʻa ka nui o nā nutria hae i:
He ʻano maʻamau ia i kekahi mau ʻāina i ʻike ʻia nā lāʻau a me nā hana a hāpai ʻia nā keʻae e pale i ko lākou hoʻolaha. Ma ʻEulopa, loaʻa ka holoholona i ka hapa nui o nā wahi o nā hua kanu like ʻole, akā ʻo nā mea hou aʻe, ua loaʻa i nā mea noiʻi nā hiʻohiʻona o nā ʻano maoli.
ʻOiai nō ka wela o ka ʻāina home o Koipu, i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ke ʻano o ka acclimatization a lākou i hoʻolaʻa ai i nā frosts i lalo o -35 ° C a maopopo a hiki i + 40 ° C, ʻaʻole lākou i kūkulu i nā keʻena mahana, hiki iā lākou ke koho i nā wahi haʻahaʻa a me nā kiʻekiʻe no ke ola.
Kahi ʻia ka detainment o ka poʻe rodent ma ka lua he 1,190 mika ma luna o ke kai. ʻO kahi wahi kūpono no ko lākou noho ʻana he kino wai me ka kahe e kahe ana, ka wai me ka wai (alder bogs, nā loko, nā kapa wai i nui me nā ʻoka), a me nā kahe, aia nā ʻāpana wai i ʻike ʻia.
Ka hoʻokūkū ola
ʻO ka nutria ʻōpio ke lohe maikaʻi, nā pono e neʻe ai i ka wai a ma ka ʻāina. I kekahi mau wahine, hiki ke hoʻohālikelike ka hua i 20 mau kanaka. ʻOiai ke uhi ʻana i ka hulu, hiki i nā holoholona hou ke hoʻokaʻawale i ka hoʻoilo, no ka mea, ʻaʻole i hoʻomākaukau ko lākou mau mākua i nā nū mahana a me nā wahi kūikawā no lākou.
Ke kaupaona nei ka pēpē pēpē e pili ana i 250 g. Loaʻa ka nui o nā lā i kēlā me kēia lā i ke kaupaona ola ma mua o 25 g, akā ʻike ʻia ma hope o ka holoholona e hiki aku ai i ka makahiki 14 mau mahina. Eia kekahi, i nā beavers pīkoi o 5-6-mahina, e hoʻokuʻu ana ka ulu.
No laila, ʻoiai me kahi meaʻai kaulike, hiki nō ke ulu i kahi holoholona i piha i ka pākeke no 2-25 mau makahiki. I ka manawa like, hiki i kēia mau holoholona ke ulu a male mai nā lā 3 a 7 mau mahina. Ma hope oʻehiku mau makahiki, ua pau kā lākou hana hānau.
Coipu molts i kekahi mau manawa i ke ola o kona ola. ʻO ka manaʻo o ka hua, e hoʻomaka mua kēia ma mua o 50 mau lā ma hope o ka hānau ʻana. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka molting e pili ana i 4 mau mahina. Ma hope o ka pau ʻana, uhi ʻia ka holoholona i kahi kapa hulu maikaʻi, kahi o ka awn lōʻihi a me kahi undercoat weliweli.
ʻO ia keʻano o ka ʻōpū o ka puʻuwai polescence ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o nā ʻaoʻao a i hope. I nā pākeke, hele lohi ka hoʻololi o ka lauoho, e kū mālie ana no ka makahiki āpau. A mai ka wā i lohi ai kēia kaʻina ma Iulai - ʻAukake a me Nowemapa - Malaki, ʻike pono ka huluhulu maikaʻi loa i ka hoʻoilo.
Pili ka hana Rodent i nā kūlana wela. ʻO nā kūlana no + 15 ... + 20 ° С i manaʻo ʻia he mea hōʻoluʻolu nona. ʻAʻole hoʻopilikia ka hoʻomohala i ka ʻōnaehana metabola o nā holoholona, i pili pū ʻia me ka lohi i ka puʻuwai aloha e nā manawa 15-20. I ka hoʻoilo, ke alakaʻi nei ke ʻano i ka nohona noho maʻalahi.
ʻAʻole hiki ke helu helu i ka makahiki maʻamau o nā holoholona hihiu, a me kā lākou ʻike kikoʻī, kā ka ola ola o nā mea ola e pau ana i ka wā e hiki ai ke kaumaha.
ʻO kahi hapa o ka wai no ka ʻauʻau ʻana i ke kauwela e hoʻopilikia i ka maikaʻi o ka huluhulu, akā ʻo kona haʻalele ʻana i ka hoʻoilo ʻaʻole i hoʻopilikia i ka hulu.
Nā ʻano maʻamau
I loko o ke kaiāulu kūlohelohe, maʻamau nā kīmaka o ke kukui māmā a me ka ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula. Akā hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia i ka hoʻoikaika ʻana o nā ʻano huaʻai i nā holoholona, nā mea lawe hou i nā ʻano like ʻole ka ʻike nui a pinepine.
ʻO ka poʻe e hele ʻana i ka nutria ma ka pāmu a i ka home paha e aʻo ʻia e nā poʻe loea e mālama pono i kahi kuhikuhi ma kahi ʻano.
ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo a ʻoi aku ka nui o kēia mau koʻokoʻo, i ka wā o ka hana hoʻoulu, hāʻawi ʻia ka manaʻo ma luna o ka ʻiʻo a me ka hulu manu.
Kuhi ʻia ka ʻiʻo Nutrient i kahi huahana papaʻai a hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e ka palatability kiʻekiʻe. Inā kaupaona nā holoholona hihiu ma mua o 5 kg e ka makahiki 9 mau mahina, a laila ʻo ka domesticated puaʻa puaʻa o ka lau iʻa ma nā makahiki like he paona 1.5-2 kg.
I mea e loaʻa ai kahi hiapo maikaʻi loa, pono ke hoʻoholo e hoʻoholo i ka ʻano makemake like, no ka mea, ma muli o ke ʻano hoʻokolohua, ua hoʻokō nā poʻe ʻepekema ma ka 7 mau puaʻa like ʻole a me 9 mau mutational.
Wahi a kekahi mau hōʻailona ma ka wehewehe, ʻike ka poʻe loea i kahi pūʻulu hoʻokūkū (ʻAmelika keʻokeʻo, ʻeleʻele a me nā kala gula i hōʻoia ʻia iā ia) a kemuki (ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo ʻāʻā keʻokeʻo, albinos, ʻulaʻula, mauʻu, ʻekeʻoni, beige a me ka pala nutria).
ʻAʻohe mea ʻahuʻoni i kahi kala maʻamau e pono ai i ka mālama kūikawā a me kahi meaʻai mua e kākoʻo ana i ke kala o ko lākou hulu.
Nui nā noi nutria i loko o ka mākeke o kēia wā a ʻoi aku ka nui o nā mea kūʻai ʻia ma mua o nā mea maʻamau.
Aia i waena o nā holoholona ʻoniʻoni ʻoluʻolu:
- Liaulua. ^ E Ha yM. Hōʻike ʻia e ka hulu ʻeleʻele a i ʻole ka hina hina. Hāʻawi ʻia ʻia ka momona i ka mea pōkole, palalulu, undercoat, nā mea hoʻonaninani o nā mea i kolo ʻia i ka uliuli, ʻulaʻula, ʻeleʻele a me nā keʻokeʻo. Loaʻa ʻia ka holoholona ma o ke komo ʻana i ka nutria Italian a me beige. ʻO kona hōʻailona kahi kala kala kala maikaʻi ma luna o nā ʻāpana a me nā maka ʻulaʻula o ka holoholona. E hōʻoia i ka maikaʻi o nā ʻili manu he pono e hānai pono ʻia.
- Ke gula. ^ E Ha yM. Kūlike lākou i ka pale ʻulaʻula i ka kua a me nā kukui gula ʻilima ma ka peritoneum. He ʻulaʻula a me ka beige nā pua nani. Keʻokeʻo nā maka. Hōʻike ʻia ka huahele e nā mea haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa (ʻo ka nui o nā hua he 4 o kēlā me kēia).
- Eleʻele. ^ E Ha yM. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā ʻelele o kēia ʻano ʻano e ka ʻili ʻeleʻele palahalaha i nā ʻāpana a pau o ke kino, a he ʻeleʻele hina hoʻi undercoat. Ua like ka like me ka mea maʻamau i ka holoholona. Ke hōʻike pū ʻia ʻana e ka hua haʻahaʻa (a hiki i ke 5 pēpē).
- Mama o Puʻuwai. ^ E Ha yM. Ua loaʻa ka ʻike ʻia ma o ke kāʻei ʻana i nā beige a me nā keʻokeʻo ʻoi. Hāʻawi ʻia ia i kahi kala zonal, kala-kala a me kahi undercoat bl bl-cream. He ʻano ʻokoʻa ia i loko o ka litter o kēia ʻano hua lahilahi he ʻano helehelena (ʻoiai me ka nui ke keʻokeʻo a ʻula nui a mau ʻala ʻala ʻo nā pile hina i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia).
ʻO ke ola, ke ʻano
ʻO ka kūʻokoʻa o kēia mau holoholona like-i ke ʻano he hiki ke alakaʻi i ka wai a me ka ʻāina e noho ai. Hiki i nā momi ke ola a hiki i ka 10 mau minuke ma lalo o ka wai, kahi lākou e hānai ai a hoʻolōʻihi i ko lākou kino i ke ʻano wela. Ke hala ʻole o ka wai ma ka wai i loko o ka wela, e noho ka holoholona i kahi pale i ka lā a pau.
Hoʻokumu ʻole nā beaver i nā ʻona ʻoi no ka hoʻoilo, e like me ko lākou mau hoahānau. A no ka ʻike ʻilihune ʻole ʻana lākou i loko o ka loko wai, ua make pinepine lākou no ka mea, i ke komo ʻana i loko o ka lua hau, ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke hoʻi i ka puka ʻana mai.
ʻAʻole i loaʻa i loko o Coipu nā ners i hoʻomoʻo ʻia i lalo. I ka wao nahele, i ke alualu ʻana o ke ola, noho lākou i nā pua nui i hoʻopiha ʻia. ʻO ka maʻamau maʻamau ka “nutria ʻohana” o 3-15 kanaka. Loaʻa i kahi kāne nui, 2-3 wahine, a me kā lākou hua. Ma kona helehelena, hoʻolōʻihi ʻia ka ʻohana i ko lākou home ma ke kūkulu ʻana i kahi pūnoho hou i ka cattail a i ka ʻoi paha. Noho pū ka ʻōpio kāne.
ʻO ka nui o ka hana o ka nutria e mālama ʻia i ke ahiahi a me ka pō. Me ka nui o ka meaʻai a me ka loaʻa o ka mālama pono, ʻaʻole kēia mau mammals i ko lākou wahi. ʻO kekahi ʻanoʻano ʻē aʻe o ko koipu ka mea e hoʻonui ai i ka makaʻu. Me kahi kōkua pepeiao i ulu maikaʻi ʻia, makaʻala ka holoholona i kekahi o kekahi rustle.
I ka hoʻoweliweli iki ʻana o ka olakino a me ke ola, ua kahe loa ia, me ka hoʻāʻo e hōʻalo i kahi hohonu e like me ka hohonu i loko o ka wai. ʻO kēia ma muli o ka luhi koʻikoʻi i ʻike i ke kaʻina o ka spasmodic holo. Hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa ka hale rodent ma ke ala kuʻikuʻi a lākou e hele ai a hele nei.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ka meaʻai i ke kūlohelohe
Nā māla kūpono o ka ʻohana nutria i ka hānai i nā mea kanu succulent ulu. ʻO ke kumu o kā lākou papaʻai e maʻamau i nā rhizom o nā lāʻau kahakai, a me ka biogass o ka cattail a me ka ʻoi. Reed ʻōleʻa ʻōpio a me nā lau, nā waiʻai wai, nā lilia wai, nā lau arrowhead a me kekahi mau algae e ʻae ʻia ma ke ʻano he meaʻai meaʻai.
Inā he hapa hapa o ka hāʻawi i nā wahi i koho ʻia e nā rodents, hiki iā lākou ke ʻai i nā leʻaleʻa nui, nā mollusks a me nā iʻa liʻiliʻi. Eia naʻe, he ala ala ʻole ke ola, no ka mea, he haole ka meaʻai mai nā holoholona i nā ʻano nutria. ʻO ka pākuʻi o kēlā me kēia lā nā meaʻai no nā pākeke ʻaʻole iʻoi aku i ka 1 kg. I ka hoʻoilo, huli nā holoholona i nā lau malo a me ka aʻa lāʻau.
Nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe
No ka mea ʻaʻole he ʻānō nā nutria, lilo pinepine lākou i poʻe pio no nā mākeke o nā fauna i makemake i ka meaʻai holoholona.
Ma ka hihiu, ua ʻimi ʻia kēia mau rodents e:
- Nā mea make nui,
- alligator
- ʻolio
- mauʻu
- mau hoahele
- manu manu nuku.
Ke ku nei i kona nāwaliwali ma ka ʻaoʻao o waho, makemake mau nā beaver i ke kokoke i nā kino wai. Inā palena ʻia ka hiki ʻole o ka holo ʻana i ka lele, hoʻomaka ka momi i ka hoʻouka ʻana.
Ma kēia mau hakakā, ʻo kāna mau mea kaua e hilinaʻi i mua o nā mea e pono ai, ka ulu o ka mea e pau ʻole i ka holo o ke ola. Me lākou, pili paʻa ka holoholona i ka mea lawehala, me ke ʻano o kona nui a me nā hiki.
Maikaʻi koke ka nutria lāʻau i nā kānaka, e ʻike iā lākou he lālā o ko lākou ʻohana, he ʻoluʻolu a me ka ʻoluʻolu. No laila, lawe ka poʻe kahu hānai i kēia mau holoholona i kā lākou mahiʻai, ʻaʻole wale no nā pono kālepa, akā ʻo ka holoholona nō hoʻi.
I mea e loaʻa ai kēia mau rodents, pono ʻoe:
- Paʻa kūikawā a aviary paha. He hoʻolālā kūpono nani kēia me ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi pahu wai nui. Pono ke kūkulu ʻia ʻana o ka kūkulu mai nā kumu o ke kani ʻana, i ʻole e hōʻeha hou i nā papa. Hoʻokomo kekahi mau pua hānai i nā makana multi-tiered me nā mea ola i loko o nā hale hoʻomā, i hoʻomālamalama ʻia e ka mālamalama kūlohelohe. I ia mau kūlana, he mea pono e mālama i ka nutria mauʻu no ka luku, no ka mea, ʻo ka nele ʻole o ka wai no ka ʻauʻau ʻana i kā lākou hulu, ʻaʻole ia i maikaʻi loa.
- Hoʻokumu ʻia ka meaʻai kūpono. Mālama i ke ʻano a me nā hiʻohiʻona physiological, hiki i nā holoholona ke ʻai i nā ʻano ʻokoʻa o ka meaʻai ma ke ao. He mea nui ia no lākou e hoʻolako i nā ʻai ʻelua ʻelua, i ka manawa kauwela e pono ai ka 200-300 g o ka lau mauʻu a i ʻole mauʻu (alfalfa, clover), 130 g o ka gye a i ʻole bale, 10 g makucha, 5 g o ka ʻai iʻa a me ka paʻakai. I ka hoʻoilo, pono e hoʻonui ʻia ka ʻai me nā hua aʻa (ʻaʻoleʻoi aku ma mua o 200 g nā kāloti a me nā ʻuala i kēlā me kēia lā. A i ka pūnāwai, ʻokē hua ʻōpala a me nā lāʻau oak, ʻo nā kumuwaina, nā lālā ʻōpala o ka palaoa a me nā nāhelehele ʻaʻole i ulu ʻia nā mea ʻai rodent.
- Ke ʻano inu ʻana. No ka wai wai he mea nui loa ia e kiʻi aku i ka mea pono i ka wai inu i ka manawa kūpono. No laila, he mea pono e hōʻoia i nā mea inu ʻokoʻa a piha pono. Hoʻopaʻa paʻa loa ia e hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā wahine i loko o ka wai. Nā wahine hānai a lactating, a me nā holoholona ʻōpio.
- ʻO ka mahana hoʻoilo i ka hoʻoilo. E hoʻokoe ka hale hoʻokoe no nā mea hōʻoluʻolu mai ke kahuli ʻana i nā keʻena wela i kahi lumi hoʻomehana, kahi e kū ai ke ea ke ea ma + 8 ... + 19 ° С.
I ka home, ʻike ʻia ka nutria e nā ʻohana, he 10-15 mau kānaka ma ka hale hoʻokahi. Eia nō naʻe, hele mai nā holoholona me kahi maikaʻi ʻole i kēlā hōʻikeʻike i ka hoʻouka kaua ʻaʻole wale i nā lālā ʻē aʻe o ka ʻeke, akā no ka poʻe. No laila ke kauoha ʻia nei e mālama kūʻokoʻa ia mau kānaka a pono e mālama ʻia me ka makaʻala loa.
Ka ʻai ʻiʻo
I ka hoʻāʻo, ʻo ka mea ʻai momona i nā ʻano he nui me ka puaʻa, akā naʻe, ke hoʻohohike nei ia me kona "ʻoluʻolu" a me nā waiwai pono.
Me kahi waihona calorie 149 kilocalories no 100 g o nā huahana, ka waiwai o ka mea kanu ma ke ʻano he:
loaʻa poʻomanaʻo | 23, 92 g |
nā loko | 4,72 g |
kalapu | 1.01 g |
wai | 70.82 g |
lehu | 0.98 g |
Loaʻa ia (ma 100 100 g):
ka thiamine | 0,058 mg |
iolilol | 0.95 mg |
piʻipiʻi | 12.51 mg |
biotin | 0,009 mcg |
pantothenic waikawa | 0.44 mg |
retinol | 0,06 mg |
riboflavin | 0.21 mg |
ʻaiora C | 1.97 mg |
kolelu | 125.1 mg |
cobalamin | 7.81 mcg |
niacin | 1,85 mg |
hao | 6,8 mg |
pākaukau | 347.7 mg |
kalaiula | 14.89 mg8 |
cobalt | 14, 88 mcg |
hoʻōla | 24, 79 mg |
ʻaiʻai | 26 mcg |
keleawe | 151 mcg |
sodium | 50.8 mg |
zinc | 2,5 mg | iodine | 5.3 mcg | ʻōpala | 236, 8 mg | florine | 103.4 mcg | selenium | 26,5 mcg |
I ka poʻe e ʻai mau ana i ka lau nutria, ʻike ʻia nā loli maikaʻi i ke kino.
- Kuhi ʻia kēia mea ʻoluʻolu maʻalahi e loaʻa i kēia nā hopena olakino:
- hoʻoikaika i ka ʻōnaehana pale (i aʻo ʻia e nā mea mālama meaʻai ma hope o ka hoʻomakeʻa ʻana i ka hoʻoikaika kino a me nā maʻi lōʻihi),
- hānai i ke kino, e hāʻawi ana i nā ʻōmole e pono ai, nā huaora a me nā minerale no ka momona (e kōkua ana e nalo i nā paona).
- hoʻonui i ka ola (e kōkua i ke kū i ka hiamoe, insomnia),
- hoʻomaikaʻi i ke ʻano o ka lauoho, nā kui a me nā ʻili.
- hoʻoikaika i ka hana ʻana o nā hormone thyroid (ua ʻōlelo ʻia no ka hana thyroid.
- hoʻōla i ka hana metabolism
- hoʻomaikaʻi i ka helu koko (me ka anemia).
Kālepika Uila
Nui ka poʻe i hao ʻia e ka nani, manaʻo nā mea kūʻai aku i ka nutria he lua waiwai o ka waiwai. Eia naʻe, e like me nā loea, ʻo ka hulu manu ia mea e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ai i ka poʻe nona ka maikaʻi a me ka lole maikaʻi.
- Hiki ke noʻonoʻo ʻia nā hiʻohiʻona nui o nā ʻoni ʻoluʻolu.
- ka laulā o ka lauoho (ka lau o ka nutria i ʻoi aku ma mua o ka hulu hipa i kēia mau hiʻohiʻona),
- mea hoʻomehana i ka wela (hiki i ke ʻano ke hoʻomohala ʻia ko lākou pae me Tuscany),
- poni, hāʻawi ka mea hoʻonaninani ki nā huahana pau i (ma loko o ka nutria he kūlike ia me ka raccoon, fox),
- he nui ka hiʻi, e hoʻohālikelike ʻia e nā poʻe akamai me ka karakul a me ka ulana.
- kūwaho a me ka kūpaʻa o ka ʻula nutria (hoʻohālikelike i ka mink a me ka tuscan),
- ke kū'ē i ka hina (ʻo kēia mau mea kūlohelohe he mau mea wale nō ma ka ʻona momona.
I ka ʻoihana hoʻonaninani o kēia wā, ʻike pinepine ʻia nā mea e pili ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hulu puaʻa, kahi maʻalahi e hoʻopuni ʻia me nā mea kūʻai aku, ʻoi aku ka nānā pinepine ʻia. ʻO ke kaʻina hana ʻenehana o kāna hana e hāʻawi no ka kahua o ka hulu a me nā lōʻihi lōʻihi. ʻO kahi kapa huluhulu mai kēlā mau pulu e nānā pono ʻia no 5 mau makahiki.
ʻO nā hōʻola o ka momona
Hoʻomaopopo ʻia ka momona o ka Nutrient i kahi mea maʻalahi e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia, haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a hiki ʻole ke hōʻeha kino i ke kino kanaka. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia ʻo ia e ʻai no ka poʻe i loaʻa i ka maʻi hypertension.
- No nā lāʻau lapaʻau, ʻo ia no ia no ka:
- Nā maʻi catarrhal (e kinai i kahi anuanu, ua lawa ia e lubricate i nā ʻōpū i loko o 2 mau lā).
- ʻO ka bronchitis a me ka pneumonia (ma muli o ka waiwai o ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ke kaila o ke koko a me ka nīnū i ka manamana, ua ʻōlelo ʻia e hoʻoponopono i ka umauma a me ka wahi i waena o nā ʻūhā poʻohiwi me ka neʻe piʻolima, a laila hoʻokaʻawale iā ʻoe iho i loko o kahi kapa mahana).
- ʻehaʻeha
- hohonu, hoʻopōʻino nā hōʻeha, nā kalekena o ka calcaneal (hoʻopili externally).
ʻVentionlelo ʻana i ka maʻi
Loaʻa i ka ʻohana nutria kahi ʻōnaehana maikaʻi i kūkulu ʻia a me ke olakino maikaʻi. I nā kūlana o ka mahiʻai a me ka holoholona hihiu, aneane pinepine lākou i ka maʻi. Loaʻa i kahi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o nā maʻi a me ka maʻi parasit, hoʻohālikelike lākou me nā holoholona hulu ʻē aʻe.
Eia nō naʻe, me ka mālama pono ʻole ʻana, a me nā mea hōʻeha kaua, nā hihia o ka maʻi me nā maʻi e like me:
- Salmonellosis. ^ E Ha yM. Ke komo nei nā mea hoʻokomo i nā maʻi i ke kino o kekahi holoholona ma o ka mea hānaiʻai a me nā mea inu ʻawa. Pēlā nō hoʻi, ʻo kā lākou mau mea lawe i nā lāiki, nā lele, nā manu a me nā kānaka. Hoʻopilikia maoli nā holoholona liʻiliʻi i nā maʻi. No ka hooki ʻana i ka maʻi maʻi, pono ia e hoʻopau i nā mea maʻi (pepehi ʻia a puhi ʻia), e hoʻokaʻawale i nā pūnaʻu, me nā lako hana, a e pili ana i ke ala o Levomycetin, Biotin, a i ʻole Furazolidone ma ke koena o ka ʻohana. No nā kumu pale, ua hōʻike ʻia ke kulu pale paʻakikī o ka makahiki.
- Pasteurellosis. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO nā alakaʻi o ka microflora pathogenic nā meaʻai a me ka wai, a me nā mea lāʻau ʻē aʻe, nā manu, nā holoholona. Hōʻike ʻia ka maʻi e ka make kiʻekiʻe, no laila he mea nui e hoʻomaka i ka hana maʻi i nā hoʻomaka mua. ʻO ka maʻamau o nā hanana like, hoʻohālikelike nā mea maʻi "Bicillin-3", "Streptomycin", "Penicillin." I mea e pale ai i ka maʻi, he mea nui e pale i nā holoholona me ka serum kūikawā i ka manawa kūpono.
- Kūmole. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO ke ʻano o ka maʻi nā maʻi asymptomatic. ʻO nā kumu paha o kāna hoʻomohala ʻana i nā ʻohana paha i hala a maʻi ʻia paha me ka waiū o ka pipi. ʻO nā hōʻailona alalākole kahi pōkole o ka hanu, ka umukū, ka maʻi āpau, a me ka immobility. ʻAʻole hiki ke mālama i nā papa, kahi hopena hōʻeha i loko o kahi mau mahina ma hope o kahi maʻi. No laila, he mea nui e hoʻolako i nā nutria homemade me ka mālama kaulike a me ka mālama pono.
ʻO ia ka maʻa maʻamau a me nā pilikia weliweli e hoʻoweliweli ʻia ana i nā beaver mars ikaika. ʻO ka hōʻino ʻana i nā kūlana kūlohelohe i ka wā o ko lākou mālama ʻana hiki ke hana i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka helminthiasis, ka ʻona ʻana o ka meaʻai, ka pū kani. Inā ʻike ʻoe i nā hōʻailona mua, e hoʻopili koke me ka mea hoʻomaʻamaʻa manuahi no ke kōkua.
Kūʻai Nutria, kūʻai
No nā mea puaʻa e hele nei e kūʻai i ka koipa no ka manawa mua, ʻōlelo ka poʻe loea e kūʻai i nā holoholona ʻōpio i nā makahiki ʻelua mau makahiki. ʻO kahi wahine olakino ma kēia manawa pono e kaupaona ʻo ia i ka liʻiliʻi o 1,5 kg, a he kāne - 2.3 kg. Hōʻike ʻia ke olakino o ka rodent e: nā wahi a pau o ka ihu, nā maka ākea a me nā ʻili maikaʻi. He mea nui e nānā i nā moʻolelo holoholona holoholona.
ʻIke nā mea kūʻai mai mākaukau e kiʻi i nā poʻe nui e pono ʻole ʻoe e hāʻawi i ka makemake i nā holoholona ʻōpio nui. No ka hana ʻana i kēia, ua lawa ia e loaʻa ke kīʻaha mau nutria olakino a ma ka wā e hiki mai ana e hāʻawi iā lākou i nā kūlana kūpono no ka ulu ulu.
Pono ia e kūʻai aku i kēlā mau kūʻai i nā pā holoholona pono kūpono a me nā mea hānai holoholona. E mālama pono i nā kūlana i mālama ʻia nā holoholona. ʻO nā mea makemake i nā mea ʻai e komo pū ka ʻai i ke kumu kūlohelohe, a me ka poʻe no ka loaʻa ʻole o ka wai.
Ma Rusia, e hoʻomaka ke kumukūʻai o ka nutria i 500 rubles no kēlā me kēia. No kēlā kālā e hiki iā ʻoe ke kūʻai i ka wahine liʻiliʻi. ʻO nā pākeke mālama maikaʻi ʻia i loko o 1,5 mano rubles.
Nā mea nona ka manaʻo
ʻO ia nā mea e makaʻala nui i nā ʻoi aku ʻoi e loaʻa ana i ka poʻe hānai.
Ua hoʻomāloi nā holoholona i ke ʻano he holoholona hihiu, luhi e hōʻike i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i nā kānaka.
ʻO nā manawa pinepine aʻe, ʻike ʻia nā hōʻino kūpono ʻole i nā wahine i ka wā ʻōpiopio.
Kūkulu ʻia nā hana maemae a me nā rula o ka mālama ʻana, ka lilo ʻana o nā beaver marsh e lilo i mea leʻaleʻa wale nō, akā, he kumu waiwai nui no ka ʻohana.
ʻO nā ʻike e pili ana i nā kumu lāʻau
He mea hoihoi loa ka nānā ʻana i nā holoholona.
E ʻike iā ʻoe iho:
- E ʻai maikaʻi loa nā holoholona a ʻai maikaʻi loa i ka porridge me nā mea hoʻomohala pū. Nā pale pale i nā ʻoki. Hōʻalo iā lākou, uhi nā maka a puʻu me ka leʻaleʻa.
- I kēlā me kēia manawa, kokoke e kau i kahi lau o ka lau ma loko o kona waha, e kanu mua ʻia ka lāʻau o ka lāʻau i loko o ka wai i loko o ka wai, e hana ana i ka neʻe ʻana me he mea lā e holoi ana.
- ʻO ka ʻai, hāʻawi ʻia e ka mea nona, nā mea hōʻoluʻolu, ka nutria home e hoʻomau mau i nā wāwae i ke kanaka, e noi ana i kahi hapa hou. E hoʻomau kēia ana a hiki i ka noi ʻana.
He holoholona hoihoi nui loa ʻo Nutria. No nā pahuhopu waiwai, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka mālama ʻana iā lākou ma mua o nā minks a me nā beavers. Hiki i nā Rodents ke mālama kūʻokoʻa loa i kā lākou papaʻai, ʻaʻole pono e hoʻopuka i kahi mea ʻala maikaʻi a koi aku i ka mālama pono ʻana, e like me nā holoholona ʻoihana.
ʻO ka wehewehe a me ke ʻano o ka nutria
Ua like ʻo Coipu me nā ʻōlio nui. ʻO ke lōʻihi o ke kino o ka holoholona i kekahi manawa ma mua o 60 cm, ʻaʻole kāpae i ka huelo. ʻO ka paona awelika o ke koʻokoʻo he 5-7 kg, eia naʻe, ʻike ʻia nā mea ʻē aʻe i kaupaona.
He ikaika ka loa o ke holoholona, nā mākala kaumaha. ʻO ka poʻo o ka nutria ka nui, a liʻiliʻi nā pepeiao a me kona mau maka. He naaupo ka paluku o ka holoholona, ma mua o laila aia nā vibrissae lōʻihi. ʻOninahu nā kala i loko o ka nutria. Hōʻalo ʻia kahi ʻāpana mākaha paʻa e nā wāwae puʻupuʻu.
Mai ka alakaʻi ʻana o ka holoholona i kahi ʻano semi-aquatic, ʻo ke ʻano o kona kino he mau hiʻohiʻona:
- Nose. Ua hoʻolako ʻia nā ʻāpana a nā holoholona o nā holoholona me nā ʻiʻo kūikawā e pili ana i ka wā o ka holoholona ma lalo o ka wai.
- Nā loiloi. Hiki i nā Rodents ke ʻai pololei i ka wai, hoʻomaikaʻi i ke ʻano kūikawā o nā lehelehe. Hoʻopili lākou i ka pani i hope o nā mea incisors, e pale ai i ka wai i ke komo ʻana i ka lua waha.
- Paele. ʻO kēia ʻāpana o ke kino o ka nutria e hana ana me kahi rudder ma lalo o ka wai. He lōʻihi ka huelo - 45 cm, ʻaʻohe huluhulu ma luna, akā aia kekahi mau unahi, e hōʻoia i ka streamlining maikaʻi.
- Nā wāwae ʻlelo. Ua hoʻolako lākou i nā membranes, hoʻomaikaʻi no laila e holo wikiwiki ka nutria.
- ʻAʻole e lana o ka hulu o ka rodent i ka wai. Loaʻa ia i nā lauoho loloa ikaika, ma lalo o kahi maloʻo maloʻo maloʻo. I loko o ka ʻōpū a me nā ʻaoʻao, ua ʻoi aku ka mālamalama a me ka mālamā hou, kahi e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hoʻomau hou i ka wela i kēia ʻāpana o ke kino.
- I ka nutria wahine, kiʻekiʻe nā kuʻekuʻe a hoʻonāukiuki i nā ʻaoʻao pili i ke kikowaena o ka umauma. ʻO kēia hoʻonohonoho o nā laumela manu e hoʻomaʻamaʻa maikaʻi i ka hānai ʻana i nā cubs i ka wai.
Mea Hoʻomaopopo. ʻAʻohe o ka beaver i kahi manawa molting. Hoʻololi maikaʻi kona kapa i ka makahiki. ʻOi wale nō ke emi o ka lauoho i ka hoʻoilo wale nō. I kēia manawa huluhulu nā hulu manu a maikaʻi loa.
Ma kahi o ka nutria e noho ai: ka nohona a me ka mea pono
Kūleʻa ʻo Nutria i kahi māla ola semi-akuatic. Ua neʻe lākou i loko o nā pūʻulu liʻiliʻi o nā holoholona 10-13, e noho nei i nā ʻūleʻa o nā loko a me nā muliwai. Aia nā hui āpau i nā wahine me nā hua hoʻokahi a hoʻokahi mea hana kāne. ʻAʻole noho nā ʻōpiopio o ka hui, akā noho kūʻokoʻa.
Kūleʻa ʻo Nutria i kahi māla ola semi-akuatic
Noho ʻo Nutria kokoke i nā wahi kai kūlohelohe kahi i ʻole o kahi ikaika i kēia manawa. ʻO kahi kūlana koʻikoʻi ka nui o nā meaʻai. E ʻai ka holoholona i nā kumu a me nā lau o nā mea kanu. Kāwili a Cane a me ka cattail i ka meaʻai. Eia nō hoʻi, ʻo nutria aloha i ka ʻahaʻaina ma luna o:
Hiki i kahi meaʻai kīleʻa holoholona holoholona ke hoʻolauleʻa i nā wā maʻamau. Inā nele kahi meaʻai kanu i ka wahi i hoʻonele ai ka nutria, e hānai lākou i nā leeches a me nā mollusks wale nō.
Kūkulu ʻia nā Rodents i kēlā me kēia manawa o ka makahiki. ʻO ke kūlana koʻikoʻi no ke koho ʻana i nā hale noho ʻole ʻaʻole wale ka nui o nā mea kanu i lilo i mea ʻai, akā ke hiki nō hoʻi i ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i nā wahi pā a me nā mea ʻuʻuku. Hiki i nā nutria ke ʻeli i nā ʻuʻuku a me nā kaila paʻakikī i nā kahe wai o nā wai wai. Inā ʻole he holoholona, a laila pololei ka holoholona i nā ʻōpala, kūkulu hale i nā ʻoka mai nā ʻoka puaʻa.
Noho anu nā holoholona e noho ana ma nā kuahiwi ke kiʻekiʻe a kiʻekiʻe aʻe ma kahi o 1200 m ma mua o ke kai, ʻoiai ua ulu iki nā mea kanu ma kēlā mau wahi. Hiki i nā Rodents ke ʻae i nā kumukūʻai koʻikoʻi, mahalo i kā lākou hulu, akā ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke noho mau i nā waʻu haʻahaʻa loa no nā kumu ʻole.
Pale nui ʻo Nutria
- ʻAʻole makemake nā holoholona e hana i nā meaʻai no ka hoʻoilo,
- ʻaʻole lākou ʻike i ka kūkulu ʻana i nā hale hilinaʻi e pale iā lākou mai ka hoʻouka ʻana i nā holoholona o mua.
- make aku nā kumu lāʻau i lalo o ka mānoʻi o ka hau inā kahe lākou i loko o kahi lua, no ka mea, ʻano maikaʻi lākou i nā ʻano.
Ua holo maikaʻi ʻo Nutria ma lalo o ka wai, e hiki iā lākou ke noho no 10 mau minuke. Hoʻonui maikaʻi ʻia nā lālā loiloi o ka beaver, akā hoʻomaikaʻi lākou i ka hihiʻo a me ka honi. I ka hihia o ka pōʻino, hiki i nā holoholona ke hoʻomohala i ka wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe, e neʻe nei i ka ʻāina i nā kūlana ʻano, akā, ʻaʻole lākou i ka stamina. ʻAʻole hiki i ka holoholona ke holo i kahi lōʻihi lōʻihi, ʻoiai e luhi, e lilo ia i mea pōʻino i ka holoholona hihiu.
ʻO nā ʻike e pili ana i ka rodent
Hoʻomaka ke kanu ʻia o ka nutria no nā ʻoihana kalepa ma Argentina, i ka makahiki 20 o 20 kenekulia. Mai ia manawa, ua loaʻa kēia mau holoholona i mea kaulana loa, a mahalo nui hoʻi i kā lākou hulu momona, nā mea nona ka wai-repellent. E noʻonoʻo i kekahi mau mea hoihoi e pili ana i ka rodents:
- Loaʻa ka huluhulu maikaʻi maikaʻi mai nā holoholona i luku ʻia i ka hoʻoilo,
- maikaʻi maikaʻi ka ʻiʻo holoholona no ka olakino - ʻoiaiia ʻo ia e hoʻokomo i loko o ka papa o nā keiki, nā ʻelemakule a me nā mea e maʻi i ka maʻi o ke kūwili ʻana o ka ʻōnaehana.
- i kekahi mau'āina, ua manaʻo ʻia ka nutria i mea pōpilikia no ka mea e hōʻeha nui i nā ʻōnaehana wai, luku aku i nā kahakai o nā muliwai a me nā loko, a hoʻopau hoʻi i nā mea kanu iʻa.
Loaʻa ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka nutria no ka poʻe e hoʻolālā e komo i ka holoholona holoholona kūloko. Ka ʻike ʻike i kā lākou mau hiʻohiʻona a me ka loaʻa ʻana o ka manaʻo o ke ala o ke ola, a hiki i ka mea mahiʻai ke hāʻawi iā lākou i nā kūlana ola kūpono. ʻO ke olakino a me ka momona o nā holoholona, a no laila ke loaʻa nei ka loaʻa o ka male holoholona, pili i kēia.
Lāiau a me kaʻai kino
Ke alakaʻi nei ʻo Nutria i kahi ʻano semi-akuatic. ʻO nā hale noho punahele he mau wai wai me ka wai palupalu a i ʻole e kū ana i nā wai: nā wai kahawai wai awāwa, nā loko iʻa ʻohe, a me nā lim alder-sedge me nā lau iʻa a me nā mea kanu kai. Hōʻalo i ka ulu lāʻau hoʻomau mau, ʻaʻole i kū i luna o 1200 m ma luna aʻe o ke kai nui i nā mauna (Andes). Ma ke ola ʻo Chonos archipelago (Chile) e noho ana ma nā kahakai o nā wai wai paʻakai. Hiki i ka Nutria ke hoʻokaʻawale i nā frosts i lalo o ka −35 ° C, akā naʻu ka maʻamau i ke ola ʻana i ke anuanu.
I ke kūlohelohe, he ikaika ia ma ka pō. Hoʻomaʻamaʻo Nutria i ka rhizomes, ka lau a me nā lau o ka ʻoka a me ka pōpoki. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka meaʻai hou, ka nū wai, nā lilia wai, a me nā mea kanu manu. Hoʻohana ʻai ʻia nā holoholona (leeches, mollusks) me ka loaʻa ʻole o ka lau ʻai.
Ke alakaʻi nei ʻo Nutria i kahi noho semi-nomadic, e noho mau ana ma kahi o nā wahi hānai a me nā wahi noho. Hoʻomaha a hoʻoulu i nā hua ma nā puka ākea i hoʻonohonoho ʻia i nā ʻōpala a me nā pōhaku ākea o ka ʻōpala lau o ke au a me ka pōnike. ʻO kēia puʻu e hoʻoulu ai i nā waihona kālai - mai nā kaohi māmā a i nā ʻōnaehana huakaʻi. Hiki ke loaʻa ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo o Nutria ma ke ala a nā holoholona e ʻalo nei i nā mea kanu e hoʻopuni ana. Noho ʻo Nutria i nā pūʻulu o 2-13 kanaka hoʻokahi, kahi paʻa o nā wahine makua, kā lākou keiki a me ke kāne. Noho wale nā kāne ʻōpio.
Palau ia a hanu ʻo Nutria a maʻa maikaʻi. Hiki ma lalo o ka wai a hiki i 10 mau minuke. I nā lā wela, heʻuʻuku ia a hiki ke hūnā ʻia i ka pale. ʻAʻole ia i hoʻoneʻe ʻia i ka noho ʻana i nā kino wai hoʻoneʻe - ʻaʻole ia ke kūkulu i kahi palekana e hilinaʻi nei mai ka anu a me ka poʻe mea hoʻolale, ʻaʻole ia e mālama i ka meaʻai no ka hoʻoilo, me nā beavers, muskrats a me nā mea hao mua semi-aquatic e hana. Nānā maikaʻi ʻia ʻo Nutria ma lalo o ka hau, hoʻoilo ʻia i loko o ka lua hau, ʻaʻole maʻamau e loaʻa kahi puka i hope a make ia.
Loaʻa i ka nutria kahi lohe maikaʻi - e ʻalepale ana me kahi pūlū liʻiliʻi. ʻOiai ke moʻo ʻana o ka lohi, ke holo koke nei ʻo ia ke ʻimi, aʻo ka lele ʻana, akā ua wikiwiki ʻo ia. Hoʻouka ka ʻike a me ka ʻala.
ʻO ka wehewehe a Rodent
Aia kona mau hiʻohiʻona o waho, ka like me ka nutria i like me nā kahe nui. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino o ka rodent a hiki i 60 cm, ʻo ka huelo he 45 cm ka lōʻihi, ʻo ke kaumaha o ka nutria he 5 i ka 12 kg. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā mele ma mua o nā wahine.
He kaumaha loa ke kino me ke poʻo nui, nā maka liʻiliʻi a me nā pepeiao. ʻOi aku ka pōkole. He pohō ka maka, me ka lōʻihi ka manawa o ke kaila iāissa. ʻOnoʻele ka incisors.
Ua hoʻoholo ke ʻano semi-aquatic i kekahi o nā hiʻohiʻona anatomical o kēia ʻano. No laila, ʻo ka wehe ʻana o ka ihu o ka nutria he mau ʻanaka paʻa a paʻa pono inā pono. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā lehelehe ma mua, a paʻa loa ma hope o nā mea pohihihi, e ʻae kēia i ka holoholona e huluhulu i nā mea kanu ma lalo o ka wai a i kēia wā ʻaʻole e ʻae i ka wai i loko o kāna waha. Loaʻa ka membrane ma waena o nā manamana lima o nā wāwae hind. Ua poepoe ka huelo, ʻaʻole me ka lauoho, ua uhi ʻia kona ʻili me ka ʻili, a ʻo ke kau ʻana o ka huelo o ka nutria e lilo i ka hoʻokele. ʻO 4-5 mau aniani mau polima a me nā manamana no nā ʻaoʻao ma nā ʻaoʻao o nā wahine nutria, i hiki i nā pēpē ke loaʻa nā meaʻai i ka wai.
Eia kekahi, ʻo ka nutria he hulu wai ʻōwau, aia ka lōʻihi o ke mauʻu aniani a me nā mānoanoa pololika undercoat. Ma nā ʻaoʻao, he māmā ka palaka, he leka ka melemone. Ma ka tummy a me nā ʻaoʻao, ʻoi aku ka mānoanoa ma mua o ke kua, me ke kumu o ka hoʻomau ʻana i ka wela ma ka ʻaoʻao o lalo. Pau ka hana ʻia o ka hānai ʻana i nā pākeke i kēlā me kēia makahiki. E hoʻoluliluli i ka waena o ke kauwela (mai Iulai a ʻAukake) a me ka hoʻoilo (mai Nowemapa a Malaki. ʻO Nutria ka hulu maikaʻi loa mai Nowemapa a Malaki.
Nā hiʻohiʻona meaʻai nutria
ʻO ka nutria ka holoholona nui o ka pua. ʻAi ʻo ia i ka rhizomes, ke kumulāʻau, nā pukuniahi a me nā lau ʻoi. Aia hoʻi ma ka ʻai o ke koʻo, he ʻāʻī, ka wai me ka wai, kahi lili wai, a me ka wai ʻulaʻula. ʻO ka manawa kekahi, ʻo ka nutria e ʻai i ka hānai holoholona (leeches, mollusks), akā i nā hihia wale nō ʻaʻole nui ka lau o ka lau.
ʻAuhea e noho ai ka nutria?
Nā kiʻi: Ola Nutria
I ka mua, noho wale kēia noho ʻana ma ʻAmelika Hema. ʻO kāna kamaʻāina kēia. Loaʻa iā ia i ke aupuni mai Brazil a i ka Strait o Magellan. I kēia lā, ua hoʻohele ʻia kēia holoholona ma luna o nā ʻāina he nui. Loaʻa iā ia ma ʻEulopa, ʻAmelika ʻAmelika, ka Caucasus, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan. Ua hele aku ʻo Nutria ma kēia mau ʻāina ma muli o ka papahana hoʻokūkū.
ʻO nā papahana no ka hoʻihoʻi hou ʻana i ka nutria i lawe ʻia ma ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka makahiki iwakāluakūmālua. I ka nui o nā manawa, ua hoʻohālikelike maoli ka nutria, hoʻomaka e hoʻoikaika a hoʻoponopono i nā ʻāina hou. Eia nō naʻe, aia nā mea i kau i loko o ke kaʻina hana resettlement. ʻAʻole i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka rodent i ʻApelika, ma kekahi mau wahi o ka ʻāina o ka Soviet Union. I kekahi mau'āina, ua kanu mua nā nutria, akā make me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hoʻoilo.
No ka hua ʻokoʻa, ua luku loa ʻia ka heluna e nā hokua ma Scandinavia, i kekahi mau moku ʻākau o ʻAmelika.
No ke ola o nutria, koho lākou i nā wahi kokoke i ke kino o nā wai, nā loko, nā ʻapu. Pono ka wai o ka loko i pohihihi, a emi iki paha, ke kapakai o nā loko a me nā ʻōpū - ua nui. Ma nā ulu lāʻau ikaika, nā mauna, ʻaʻole e noho ka holoholona. ʻAʻole i kau ʻia ma luna o hoʻokahi tausani mika ma luna o ke kai. Eia kekahi, ʻo nā wahi me nā anuanu a me nā mahana wela loa ke pale aku.
He aha nā mea e ʻai ai ka nutria?
ʻO ke kiʻi: kāne Nutria
No ke ola, makemake ʻo Koipu e koho i nā kahawai wai swampy, nā loko pāpō, nā wai wai me ka wai kūlohelohe. Hana lākou i nā pana ma kahakai, aia kahi nui o nā mea kanu. Ma kahi o ko lākou wahi e noho ai, ʻaʻole paʻakikī ke kuhihewa i ka mea e ʻai ai ʻo nutria. ʻO ka hapa nui o kāna meaʻai he meaʻai meaʻai. Kuhi ʻo kēia mau holoholona i ka meaʻai.
Makemake lākou e ʻoliʻoli:
- Kūleʻa, piʻi o nā pēpoki,
- ʻO nā pua ʻōpala
- ʻO nā aʻa o nā mea kanu aku a me ka ʻāina.
- Mau lilia a me nā ʻohe
- Kahawai wai.
Inā ma kahi e noho ai ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka rodent, hiki iā ia ke ʻai i nā ʻōmole, nā leʻe a i ʻole nā pepeke manuahi. Eia naʻe, hana i kekahi manawa. Me ka nele o nā kīnā, makemake nui nā nutria e loaʻa i kahi hou no ke ola.
ʻO ka mea hoihoi: nā ʻōnaehana nutria, a hoʻohui ʻia kāna mau anatomical i ke ola i ka wai. Mālama ka ʻano kūikawā o nā ʻūhā i ka holoholona e ʻai i ka meaʻai a hiki ma lalo o nā loko i ʻole ka hanu.
ʻO ka papaʻai no kaʻu o nā nutria ma ka home ka mea ʻokoʻa.No ka ulu maikaʻi, ka hulu nani, e hānai ana nā mea hoʻouluulu i nā holoholona me kahi mea kūpono hoʻonaninani kūikawā me ka hoʻohui o nā hua kanu, ka lau, nā mea kanu. ʻO kekahi manawa hoʻohui i nā mea mahiʻai i nā meaʻai i kā lākou papaʻaina i ka papaʻai o kēlā me kēia lā.
Hoʻohui ʻia, ʻaihue. Kahi ʻia nā meaʻai ʻoi ka mea ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi. Ke mālama nei i kahi lehulehu o nā holoholona maloʻo hiki ke hoʻohana. Akā i ka manawa like, pono e mālama ʻia kahi lula koʻikoʻi - pono ke loaʻa ka wai hou no ka nutria. Pono kēia.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me nā ʻano hana
Kiʻi: wahine Nutria
Loaʻa ke ola holoʻokoʻa o ka nutria ma kahi kokoke i nā kai wai, nā kahawai, nā kahe. Hōʻalo ka holoholona i nā mauna, nā uka anuanu. E kūkulu i kona mau ʻuna, koho i nā wahi me ka nui o nā mea kanu, no ka mea, ʻo nā mea kanu mea kanu i hoʻonui ʻia he ʻumikūmālua mau kaʻai i kēlā me kēia lā. Hiki ke kapa ʻia ke ʻano ʻo ka nutria me ka semi-aquatic. Noho nui ka holoholona i ka wai. Hiki iā ia ke ʻai, ʻauʻau.
ʻO Coipu ka hana i ke kai kūlohelohe i ka pō. Ma ka pō e hoʻoikaika lākou i ka meaʻai. ʻAi ʻia lākou i nā māla, nā rhizomes, nā lau, reed. Inā he mau māla liʻiliʻi, hiki iā lākou ke hopu a ʻai i ka līlō, kahi mollusk. ʻO ke ʻano o kēia mau holoholona he semi-nomadic. ʻAʻole iki ka Nutria i ka wā e noho ai lākou ma kahi hoʻokahi. E neʻe mau lākou me ka nele o nā mea kanu lāʻau.
ʻO ka manaʻo hoihoi: He Koʻa lawele nui. Ke ʻole o ka ea, hiki i kēia mau mammale ke hele liʻiliʻi ma kahi o hoʻokahi haneli mika ma lalo o ka wai. Mālama lākou i ko lākou hanu no ʻehiku a ʻumi mau minuke me ka hōʻeha ʻole i ko lākou kino.
Kūkulu ka Nutria i nā lua i nā kahe peʻe. ʻO nā hale noho maʻamau ka nui o nā ʻōnaehana huakaʻi paʻakikī. Noho kekahi mau holoholona i nā puʻu i ka manawa hoʻokahi - mai ʻelua a ʻumi. ʻO ia mau pūʻulu he mau wahine, kāne a me kā lākou keiki. ʻOi aku nā kāne ʻōpio ke noho ʻokoʻa, ka ʻokoʻa.
E like me nā holoholona ʻē aʻe me ka hulu, he pala ka nutria. Eia nō naʻe, ma ka coipu ʻaʻole ia i palena ʻole i ka manawa. Hana ʻia kahi kiʻekiʻe i hoʻokahi kekona a mālama ʻia paha i kēlā me kēia makahiki. ʻO ka lauoho liʻiliʻi loa e hāʻule i ke kauwela a me nā wā lulu o ka makahiki. Ma ka hoʻoilo wale nō ke pau nei i ka nalowale. I ka hoʻoilo, ʻo kēia mau holoholona me ka hulu maikaʻi loa.
ʻO ka hoʻolālā ʻenehana a me ka hana hou
Nā kiʻi: ʻĀina Nutria
ʻO Koipu ka maikaʻi ma ka vivo a me ka hoʻopio. He wā kiʻekiʻe e hiki ai i ka mālama ʻana i ka nui o nā holoholona i kahi pae kūpono. I ka makahiki hoʻokahi, hiki i kahi wahine pākeke ke paʻi pū i kekahi mau manawa. I ka wā hāpai, lawe ka wahine i ʻehiku mau ʻaha.
Mākaukau nā male o kēia ʻohana no ka ʻōpiopio o ke kaʻina holoʻokoʻa a puni ka makahiki. Hoʻoikaika mau lākou, ʻaʻole like me kā lākou wahine. I nā wahine, hana wale nō ka hana - kēlā me kēia iwakāluakūmālima a i kanakolukolu mau lā. I ka manawa pinepine, ua lawe mai ka nutria i ka hua ma ke kauwela - i ka pūnāwai, ke kauwela. ʻO ka lōʻihi loa o ke kahawai o ka holoholona - ʻaʻole he mau haneli a me kanakolu mau lā. Hoʻololi ʻia ke ʻano o nā wahine ma ka makahiki ʻekolu.
ʻO ka mea hoihoi: nā cubs Coipu i loaʻa ke kiʻekiʻe ola kiʻekiʻe. Hiki i nā nutria liʻiliʻi ke hoʻoponopono koke i nā kūlana o ka honua a puni lākou. Hoʻopau nā holoholona i nā hana maʻamau o kā lākou mau mākua i kekahi mau lā ma hope o ka hānau ʻana. Hoʻomaka pū lākou e ʻauʻau, e hoʻāʻo i kekahi mau mea kanu lāʻau.
Hoʻokumu nui nā keiki ʻo Coipu. ʻO ka pihi o ka ulu e hiki mai i nā mahina mua o ke ola. I kēia manawa, haʻalele lākou i ka ʻohana ʻohana, hoʻomaka e alakaʻi i kahi ʻano kūʻokoʻa. Ma ke wahi kūlohelohe, e noho nei kēia holoholona i ʻelima mau makahiki.
ʻO ka noho kino Nutria
Loaʻa iā Nutria kahi ʻano semi-akuatic. Noho ka holoholona me nā wīwī me ka wai palaka a kū ʻole i ka wai, ma ke kahawai nā awāwa wai, i nā loko iʻa a me nā ʻalā. ʻIke ʻo Nutria i kaʻauʻau a kaʻauʻau maikaʻi. Noho lākou ma lalo o ka wai a hiki i ka 10 mau minuke. Mai ka wela ua peʻe lākou ma ka malu.
Hōʻalo i ka nutria o ka nahele mau loa; ma nā kuahiwi ʻaʻole i kau ʻia ma luna o 1200 m ma mua o ke kai. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa maoli ʻo Nutria i nā puʻu i lalo i -35 ° C, akā na ke ʻano pono ʻole ia no ke ola i nā puʻu anuanu. ʻO kēia ma muli o ka hana ʻole o ka holoholona i kūkulu i nā pā hilinaʻi mai ka anu a me ka poʻe ʻānela, no ka hoʻoilo ʻaʻole kēia hoʻoilo i kahi meaʻai, ʻaʻole like me ka beaver a muskrat. Eia kekahi, ʻōmaʻomaʻo iki ka nutria ma lalo o ka hau; inā e holo ana i loko o ka lua hau, ʻaʻole hiki ke loaʻa kahi ala a make.
I nā kūlana kūlohelohe, hana ikaika ka nutria i ka pō.
ʻO ka nutria he mau ʻāpana semi-nomadic; inā i nui ka ʻai a loaʻa kahi papa, ʻaʻole lākou i neʻe iki aku. Lawe ʻia ka honu a me ka hoʻomaha i loko o nā nū ākea, nā mea i kūkulu ʻia ma nā puʻu a i nā palaka o ka pua a me ka cattail, mai nā mea kanu o lākou. Ma nā kuʻekuʻe maloʻo o ka nutria, e kāwī ka minks, nā kaila māmā a me nā ʻōnaehana paʻakikī o ka neʻe ʻana. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike iā lākou ma nā ala i hehi ʻia e nā rodents i nā mea kanu lāʻau. Noho ka Nutria i nā hui o 2-13 kanaka hoʻokahi, aia i nā wahine makua, nā keiki a me nā kāne. Noho nā 'ōpiopio i ka manawa.
Ua lohe maikaʻi ʻia Coypu, kani koke ka holoholona i loko o kahi peke. Hoʻoulu maikaʻi ka ʻike a me ka aroma.
Hoʻomoe o Nutria
Hiki i ka nutria ke hoʻohua i ka makahiki a i nā holoholona prolific. Hoʻomaopopo hou nā manawa hana o ka hana hana kiʻekiʻe loa i nā kāne i kēlā me kēia 25-30 mau lā. Hōʻike pinepine ka wahine i nā 2-3 litters i kēlā me kēia makahiki a hiki i 10 mau cubs kēlā, i ka wai puna a me ke kauwela. Noho ke kiaʻi loa ma ka 127 a hiki i nā lā 132. Ke hoʻomau nei ka ulu nui o ka nutria opio a hiki i ka makahiki 5-6 mau mahina. I nā makahiki 3-4, ua emi ka hua o ka nutria
ʻO ka awelika o ke ola maʻamau o nutria he 6-8 makahiki.
Ke ʻano o ka noho ʻana a me nā ʻano
I ka lōʻihi o Nutria kekahi kumu nui o ka lawaiʻa. Loaʻa i kona hulu, a he maikaʻi maikaʻi loa ka ʻiʻo. I kēia wā, manaʻo ʻia ka ʻiʻo o kēia holoholona i ka mea ʻai nui. Ma kēia hana, ua make ka nui o ka nutria i nā lima o nā povery. ʻO kēia ke alakaʻi i ka nalowale holoʻokoʻa o nā ʻelele o kēia ʻohana, akā naʻe i ka manawa hoʻomaka lākou e hānai i nā nutria i nā mahi ʻai zoo a hāʻawi i nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe.
ʻO nā ala o ka poaching ua emi nui mai ka wā i hiki mai ai nā mahiʻai zoo, kahi i loaʻa ai ka nutria i ka lawaiʻa. Eia naʻe, koi nui ka hopu holoholona no kēia mau lā a hiki i kēia lā. Holo akula kekahi hapa o nā holoholona mai ka mahiʻai zoo i loko o ka nahele, kahi i hoʻokuʻu ʻia kekahi kālā mai ka poʻe mahiʻai no ka hāʻule ʻana o ka huluhulu. Pēlā i hiki ai i kēia hana ke hoʻihoʻi koke i ka nui o kēia mau mommia.
Pēlā nō, hoʻopakele nā polokalamu resettlement i ka nutria mai ka hoʻopau loa ʻana. Ua hoʻololi koke ʻo Koipu i nā ʻāina hou. Kēnā ʻole, kōkua maoli kūlohelohe iā lākou e mālama i ka heluna kiʻekiʻe. ʻO kēia mau mammals pinepine pinepine i ka manawa. Hoʻopili maʻalahi kā lākou mau lālā i kahi kokoke i nā kūlana like. ʻO nā mea wale nō wale nō nā pupuʻu nui. 'O kēia mau pono āpau i hiki ai ke mālama i ka lehulehu mau nutria ma loko o ko lākou wahi. I kēia manawa, ʻaʻole ka helu o kēia mau holoholona i ka hopohopo ma waena o nā mea ʻepekema.
Kākau - He koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi. Hiki i kēia holoholona ke hana i nā hua i nā manawa he nui i ka makahiki. ʻAi ʻia nā meaʻai kanu, ʻauʻau a kai hōʻuluʻulu maikaʻi. He kumu lawaiʻa koʻikoʻi ko Koipu. Loaʻa i nā holoholona nā hulu, wela, ke olakino a me ka mea ʻai. ʻO kēia mau kumu, ua hoʻoikaika ikaika lākou i nā pāla zoo a puni ka honua.