Texas salamander, a i ole Ambistoma pōkole ola ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. Makemake lākou i nā wahi māla - nā ʻōpala, hāʻule i lalo a kanu i nā kumulāʻau e kokoke ana i nā loko a me nā lau a i nā lau hāʻule paha. Hoʻohana i nā ʻōpū i ʻeli ʻia e nā holoholona ʻē aʻe. I ka pane ʻana i kahi hoʻoulu kaua, ua ka nui nā amphibians i kahi kūlana pale. E alakaʻi ana i kahi nohona nocturnal, e peʻe ana i nā hale i ke ao. ʻAi ʻia ia i nā invertebrates. ʻO ka hoʻoulu ʻana ma lalo o ka wai. Kauwahi.

Mālama

ʻAmelika ʻAmelika - mai ke komohana ʻākau ma Ohio a hiki i Missouri a me Nebraska hikina. Ma ka ʻaoʻao he ma kahikona ʻo Kūleʻa Hikina; Holo ka lōʻihi ma waena o Kentucky a me Tennessee i ke Kipiko o Mekiko.

Kāleka

Nui loa ke kino o ka ambistoma Texan, nunui, ʻīkole ka lōʻihi, hoʻopuni ʻia ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻāpana, liʻiliʻi ka waha, 2-3 mau lālani niho niho palatine - kahaki i hope o kekahi, kahi liʻiliʻi ke poʻo, ākea me ka muzzle pōkole pōkole, ʻo ka iwi ʻokui hoʻi e neʻe iki aʻe i mua. Nā liʻiliʻi o nā maka me nā neʻe pū. Anuanu nā wāwae. ʻEhā mau minuke pōkole ma nā wāwae, ʻelima ma nā wāwae hind. Nā haole he 14-16.

Maʻemaʻe ka ʻili. ʻO ka helu diploid o nā chromosomes ka 28. He liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi ka nui o nā ʻili ma mua o nā wahine, ʻoi kā lākou ʻehā ma nā ʻaoʻao.

Kāleka

ʻO ka kolikina mai ka ʻeleʻele a ʻeleʻele hina me ka mālamalama (hina a kala ʻole paha) ma ke kua a me nā ʻaoʻao, ʻeleʻele ka ʻōpū. I ka wā ulu, ua lilo ka ambistome i nāu.
Loaʻa nā ʻōkuhi i nā kukui māmā ma kahi ʻōmaʻomaʻo a i ʻole ʻōuli ʻulaʻula. Ma mua o ka metamorphosis, ke kahuli ʻia nā kukui māmā i nā wahi ʻeleʻele. Ma keʻano holoʻokoʻa, hilinaʻi nui ke kala o nā ambistos pōkole i ko lākou ala.

Hoʻaiho

Makemake ʻo Ambistome i nā wahi kahawai - nā māla wai, ke hāʻule a hāʻule nā ​​lāʻau i kokoke i nā loko a me nā ʻūhā a hāʻule paha nā lau, nā ʻāina mahiʻai (kokoke i ka wai), me nā wahi hehi a me ka wai lāʻau (kokoke i nā loko. Hiki i nā wā ke ʻike ʻia nā ʻōpū ʻaumea i nā wā he nui ma luna o nā ʻōpala.

E hoʻohana i nā pana i ʻeli ʻia e nā holoholona ʻē aʻe, e komo pū ai nāu liʻiliʻi a me nā momi liʻiliʻi. ʻO ka ua ahiahi i kekahi manawa e paipai iā lākou e hele i waho.

Meaʻai / meaʻai

ʻAi ʻia nā poʻe ʻaina pōkole e pili ana i nā pālule, slugs, millipedes, earthworms, butterflies a me spider. ʻO nā mea nui nā ʻōpala nui, ʻai lākou i nā invertebrates aquatic liʻiliʻi, me ka daphnia, nā kālai o ka isopods, crustaceans, a me ka huaʻāina o nā amphibians a me kā lākou ʻano.

I ka pane ʻana i ka hoʻouka ʻana a ka mea nāna i haki, ua ʻoki ʻia nā amphibians i kahi kūlana pale: hoʻohaʻahaʻa lākou i ko lākou mau poʻo, kahakiʻi me ko lākou mau kino, hoʻokiʻekiʻe a lele i kā lākou huelo (aia kekahi mau kelima ma ka huelo e hoʻokuʻu ai i nā mea caustic).

18.01.2019

ʻO ambistoma Tiger, a i ʻole ka tigander salamander (lat. Ambystoma tigrinum) pili i ka ʻohana Ambistomatidae (Ambystomatidae). Mālama pinepine ʻia kēia cphate amphibian i kahi holoholona ma ʻAmelika ʻAmelika.

I ka makahiki 2005, ma ke koho balota ʻana ma ka Pūnaewele, ua koho ʻia ʻo ia he hōʻailona o ka mokuʻāina ʻAmelika o Ilinoi, e hōʻalo ana i kona poʻe hoʻokūkū kokoke - ʻo ka huaʻelima lāʻau (Hyla versicolor) a me nā ʻulepela ʻAmelika (Anaxyrus americanus).

ʻAʻole hana ka holoholona i ka pilikia nui, akā koi i ka mahalo no kona kanaka. Loaʻa iā ia kahi hoʻomanaʻo maikaʻi hoʻomohala maikaʻi a hiki iā ia ke hoʻomanaʻo i kāna mau mea nona. Me kahi ʻano noʻonoʻo, hoʻokuʻu ia i nā mea i nā mea i hoʻā, e hiki ai i kahi hopena a me ke hoʻonāukiuki i ka membrane mucous. Nui ʻoluʻolu lākou i ka wā e hele ai ke kamaʻilio me ka maka, e hoʻoiho i ka ʻāʻī lōʻihi a ʻoluʻolu hoʻi.

Ua ʻōlelo mua ʻia ʻo Amphibian i ka makahiki 1799 e like me Siren operculata e ka mea aloha maoli Farani Ambroise Paliso de Beauvois. Ua loaʻa i kona inoa o kēia manawa ma 1828 i nā hana a ka ʻepekema ʻAmelika ʻo Jacob Green.

Kahele

Hāpai ia wahi i ka hapanui o nā kaila ʻĀkau o ʻAmelika Hema mai nā ʻaoʻao hema o Kanada ma ka ʻĀkau Mexico. Holo ka palena akau o ka lihi ma ka ʻaoʻao hema ma Alaska a me nā ʻaoʻao hema o Labrador.

Noho ʻo Tiger ambistoma i ka nui o ka ʻōpū. ʻO ka nui o nā heluna kanaka e noho kokoke ana ma kahi kokoke i loko o ka wai pāpaku ma kahi kokoke i ke kapakai Pākīpika.

ʻIke ʻia nā ʻōpio i nā biotopes i nā haʻahaʻa a i nā wahi mauna i nā kiʻekiʻe a hiki i ka 3000 m ma luna o ke kai, akā aia ka hema ma nā Pihi Kaiāulu a me nā mauna Appalachian. I ka hema, nā lāhui o ka hūnā liʻiliʻi loa.

Noho nā ʻAmelika ma nā nahele hewā, i nā nahele ulu a me nā canyons, aia kahi mau loko, nā loko a me nā wai pīkī me ka wai maʻemaʻe. ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā kia ma nā wahi me ka hoʻokele semiarid ma waenakonu o nā māla.

ʻAno lawehala

ʻO nā salamona Tiger he nocturnal. ʻAʻole lākou makemake i ka lā, haʻalele i nā wahi ākea a ʻaʻole e hele i kahi mamao loa mai nā kino wai. I ke ao, peʻe lākou i ko lākou mau wahi i waiho ma lalo o nā ʻōpū, nā lāʻau i hāʻule a i nā ʻilaʻi pōhaku.

Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nā ʻūhā rodent e hoʻohana ʻia ma nā wahi paʻa. I kā lākou hemahema, ʻohi lākou iā amphibian ma luna o lākou iho.

I ka wā o ka hoʻoilo, hāʻule ka ambistoma i ka hānau ʻana, a i ke kauwela, i ka wela wela, ua kanu ʻia hohonu i ka lepo. Ma hope o ka ua, ua kaʻi ma luna o ka ʻili o ka lepo.

ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe nui he mau badger (Melinae), nā ʻūnekeke (Strigiformes), nā ʻalā (Serpentes) a me nā lynx ʻulaʻula (Lynx rufus). ʻAi ʻia ka nui o nā iʻa a me nā ieto a me nā mea ʻono ʻiʻo.

I ka wā pōʻino, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka holoholona ma mua o ka holo ʻana ke mākaukau no ka pale ʻana i ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana. Uwa ae la ia a ku ae i ka huelo, e kau ana no ia i na aoao a e kuikila ana i kahe waiū o na waiu mai ona. ʻO ka manawa hoʻokahi i ka waha a i ka maka paha o ka mea nāna ka hoʻoweliweli, hiki i ka daredevil ke hoʻonāukiuki iā ia mai ka hana kaua.

Mea ʻai

ʻAi nui ka ʻoluʻolu Salamander. I ka noho ʻana, hiki iā ia ke ʻai i ka ʻai, ʻo ka nui o ia mea e like me ka hapalima o kona kino.

E hoʻoulu ka glutton i nā mea ola a pau i hiki iā ia ke kūpaʻa. ʻIke i ka mea kōkua me ke kōkua o nā ʻono. Ke hoʻokokoke iā ia a kokoke iā ia, hiki i ka mea kuhi ke hoʻomoe i kāna alelo a me ke kai ʻana.

ʻO ke kumu o ka meaʻai he mau wīwī, nā ʻōpū a me nā pepeke. Eia kekahi, ʻo nā isphibians, nā ʻiole hou o ke keiki, a me nā mea nāu a pau e ʻai ʻia.

Hoʻonui ka ʻohi ma luna o ka iʻa a me ka mea iʻa. I waena o lākou, ʻo ka cannibalism a me ka ʻai ʻana i nā ʻano pili o nā ʻano pili pili.

ʻAno hānau

Hoʻomaka ka wā hānai i ka makahiki mua, a ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o ka pā i ka lua o ka lā o Dekemaba, a piha nā kino wai ma ka wai wai. Ma nā ʻāina kiʻekiʻe, ke kali a hiki i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o Iune.

Hoʻomaka ka poʻe ʻAmibia no ka hānai ʻana no nā huaʻai a hōʻuluʻulu ʻia i loko o ka wai pāpaku ma nā pūʻulu nui, kahi he 50 ka nui o nā mea i loaʻa pinepine. Ua kahe hele lākou ma kēlā me kēia i kekahi, ke kiʻi a hoʻoulu i ka ea i loko o ka wai a hiki i uhi ʻia me nā pūpū. ʻO nā pāʻani kolamuʻī kēia e hoʻowalewale i ka wahine a hoʻoikaika iā lākou e ʻohi i ka spermatophores o nā kāne me kā lākou cesspools.

Ke hele mau nei ka helu ʻana i ke kaomi wai me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka pouli.

Ma nā wahi maloʻo kahi e ʻike ʻole ai nā salamander tiger, e waiho ana lākou i kā lākou hua ma ka ʻili o nā maloʻi maloʻo. Hoʻomaka ko lākou hoʻomohala ma hope o ka ua o ka hāʻule mua.

Hoʻokomo pinepine ka wahine i nā hua ma luna o nā pōhaku, driftwood a i ʻole lau o nā mea kanu aku i kahi kokoke i lalo. Hoʻokumu ko lākou pale ma kekahi mau lā ma hope o ka hoʻomakeke ʻana i nā pūʻulu a i ka 200 i 1000 mau ʻāpana.

Hoʻomaʻa iki ke kiaʻi ma hope o 2-3 mau pule. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka metamorphosis ʻokoʻa loa i nā kūlana kūlohelohe a kū mai ka 10 mau wiki i ka mahana a hiki i ka makahiki i ka wai anuanu. I ka hiki ʻana i ke lōʻihi o ke kino e pili ana i 8-9 cm, ua hele nā ​​ambistome i ke kūlana terrestrial.

Hoʻopau kekahi mau ʻōuli ma ke keena o ka hoʻolālā ʻana, hoʻopaʻa i kā lākou mau gills a mai hele i ka ʻāina. ʻO ka manawa pinepine ka ʻike ʻia i nā wai hohonu a me ka wai o ka wai. ʻO ka holoholona i koe ma ke kahua o ka laria neotenic i kapa ʻia ʻo axolotl.

Hiki ke mālama ʻia kēia mau amphibians i nā poʻe liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi i ka aquaterrarium. No nā mea ʻekolu, e koi ʻia ka liʻiliʻi o 100x40x40 cm.

Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi hui o ka ʻāina māla a me ka pitā a i ka mākaʻu niu ma lalo, a ua kau ʻia ka sphagnum moss ma luna. ʻO ka mānoanoa loa o ka papakū e liʻiliʻi ma kahi o 10 cm. ʻO nā Salamanders e makemake e eli i ka lepo a hūnā paha i nā pahū, no laila, kau ʻia nā keramima a i ʻole nā ​​huahana plastik paha e lilo ai i wahi noho no lākou.

Pono ia e loaʻa nā moku wai i ka terrarium e hoʻomāhao i ka ʻili a lawe i ka ʻauʻau. Hoʻomaka ka poʻe ambistome i nā kaʻina wai i ka wā e emi ai ka haʻahaʻa o ka ea. No ka mālama ʻana iā ia i ʻelua manawa i ka hebedoma, pono ia e pīpī i nā pā a i ka substrate.

I ka lā, mālama ka mahana i ka 21 ° -24 ° C, a ua hoʻoiho ʻia i ka 17 ° -20 ° C i ka pō. No ka kukuiila, hoʻohana ʻia nā kukui fluorescent.

ʻAi ʻia nā mea ʻai me nā ilo, nā ʻōpala, nā iʻa aku ka loko, nā ʻikihiki a me nā tadpoles. Pānaʻi ʻia nā kui o ka veal a i ʻole moa nāu. Hānai ʻia nā holoholona liʻiliʻi i kēlā me kēia lā, a me nā pākeke ma hope o 2-3 lā.

ʻO keʻano

ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino o nā pākeke he 17 a 33 cm. E like me ke kānāwai, ua ʻoi aku ka nui o nā kāne ma mua o nā wahine. Loaʻa iā lākou kahi ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi ma ka ʻaoʻao a me nā wāwae elongated. Loaʻa i nā wāwae liʻiliʻi nā wahine. Loaʻa nā ʻōpiopio nui i Colorado.

Ua hoʻopau ke poʻo nui me ka muzzle ākea ākea a hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ʻia mai ka ʻāʻī. Hoʻolākeʻa nā maka, ʻokoʻa nui.

Hoʻololi ka kala i ka lau ʻoliva ma ke brownish a ʻeleʻele paha i ka kala me nā wahi melemele a me nā pā. ʻO ka ʻāpana ventral ka lapu a ʻōmaʻomaʻo a he ʻōmaʻomaʻo paha.

ʻO nā ʻōpala i nā kala he ʻeleʻele-ʻōmaʻomaʻo a ʻoliva-ʻōmaʻomaʻo paha me nā wahiʻeleʻele a me nā kaula lōʻihi. ʻŌpū ma ka ʻōpū. Ke hele a makua aʻe, e uliuli ke kala.

ʻO ka hoʻomakaʻana o ke ola ma ka ihu he 16 mau makahiki. I ka hoʻopio ʻia, me ka mālama maikaʻi ʻana, ola kahi tigist ambistoma a hiki i 25 mau makahiki.

Lāhea

ʻO nā keiki hou o ka salamander Texas kahi 7-14 mm ka lōʻihi. Aia nā kime i ka nui o nā gild, nā wahi ʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele ma ke kua, a he kaula liʻiliʻi e pā ana ma nā ʻaoʻao.
ʻAi nā ʻōpio ʻōpiopio i nā crustaceans branched, ostracods, nā pepeke a me kā lākou huaʻīhili; ma hope o ka ulu ʻana, hele nā ​​ʻōpala i nā pūpū isopod a me nā gastropod. Hoʻokomo ka ʻai ʻōlule i kēlā me kēia lā (i ke ao a me ka pō). Mālama lākou iā lākou ma ka ʻū o ka wai (ma lalo o nā ʻūhi wai hoʻokeʻe) a i ʻole ma lalo o ka punawai.

Hoʻomaka ka metamorphosis i nā makahiki o 2-3 mau mahina. i ka nui o 40-48 mm (mai ka hopena o Mei a Iulai. I loko o kekahi mau pule ma hope o ka metamorphosis, hele nā ​​ʻōpio'ōpiopio'ōpiopio i nā wahi māhu. Hiki i nā ʻōpio ke hūnā i nā hāʻule i hāʻule ʻia ma mua o nā pākeke.

Ke kūlana pae ʻāina / mālama

Nui nā pōkole pokole ma nā wahi āpau. ʻO kēia ma muli o ka loaʻaʻana o kēia mau amphibians i kahi noho maʻamau. ʻO ka hoʻoweliweli koʻikoʻi i nā ʻanoʻano o ka nalowale i nā wahi maloʻo e pono ai no ka hānai.

I ka salamanders, nui nā protozoa a me nā helminths parasitize. Hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia nā ambistomas pōkole me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe Ambystoma.

Ke Kuhiakau ma Texas

Makemake nui ʻo Ambistome i nā wahi kahawai, no laila ua ʻike ʻia lākou i loko o nā kahawai wai, ma waena o nā lāʻau pohō maloʻo, ma nā lau hāʻule, kokoke kokoke i nā māla, me nā wahi me nā ʻāina mahiʻai. ʻO nā pākeke e hele mai ma kēlā ʻaoʻao o nā pali o nā pōhaku.

I ka wā ulu, hiki ke hōʻuluʻulu i nā pōkole ʻoi pōkole ma nā pūʻulu liʻiliʻi ma kahi o kahi kō. A i kahi manawa ʻē aʻe, ke alakaʻi nei lākou i ke ʻano lahilahi, akā i ka manawa like ʻole e hōʻike i ka ʻano territorial. I nā pōkē ke kali nei lākou i nā mahina ʻoi loa. Hoʻohana ka Texas salamanders i nā ʻuʻuku i ʻeli ʻia e nā holoholona ʻē aʻe, e like me nā mammals a i ʻole nā ​​lawaiʻa moana. Inā ua i ka ahiahi, a laila i hiki i ka ambistomes i ka alo.

ʻO Texas salamanders kahi nocturnal, a hoʻopau lākou i nā hola o ka lā i nā hale.

ʻO nā ʻenemi o nā salamanders Texas he mau mōlona koʻa, nā ʻīlima aʻa a me nā hua o nā salamanders tiger. Ke kūʻē ka mea predator i ka salamander, pono ia i kahi kūlana pale: hoʻomaka lākou i kahi palaka, hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ko lākou mau poʻo a e pāloʻi i ko lākou huelo. Ma ka huelo he nui nā kōpona kuleana no ka hoʻokuʻu i nā mea caustic.

ʻO ka papa ʻaina pōkole ʻo Ambistoma pōkole i loko o ka slugs, nā pepeke, lepo, millipedes, spider a me nā kīwī manu. A he mau hua ʻōlelo honua nā ambisto pū kekahi, ʻānai lākou i nā invertebrates aquatic liʻiliʻi: ululuu crustacean, daphnia a me nā huaʻōlelo amphibian ʻē aʻe, me kā lākou mau ʻano.

ʻO nā pono o ka ambistoma pōkole ke kanaka

E luku loa kēia mau amphibians i nā pōpoki o nā ululāʻau a me ka mahiʻai. Eia kekahi, ʻo lākou iho ka meaʻai no nā kukui polū a me nā holoholona ʻē aʻe.

ʻO ka ambistoma pōkole e hoʻopau pono i nā snails, crabs a me nā invertebrates.

ʻO ka nui o ka heluna

He nui nā salamanders Texas ma ko lākou wahi. ʻO ke kumu o nā mea noho pōkole pōkole hiki ke noho i nā ʻenehana ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka hoʻoweliweli koʻikoʻi i ka hōʻemi o ka nui o nā ʻano manu i ka lilo ʻana o kahi noho palupalu kahi e hoʻomau ai ka moʻomeheu.

Eia kekahi, hiki ke make ka salamanders mai nā helminths a me nā protozoa. Hiki ke hoʻopilikia ʻia nā salamanders Texas me nā mea ʻē aʻe o ambistos.

Inā loaʻa ʻoe i kahi hala, e koho i kahi ʻāpana a me ka paʻi Ctrl + Kākau.