E hoʻohālikelike nā iʻa me nā poʻe ʻē aʻe i ka ʻike ʻaʻole lākou e ʻike i ka lele ʻana mai loko o ka wai, akā lele kekahi mau mika ma luna o kona ʻili. Hiki no kēia ma muli o ke ʻano kūikawā o nā kapala. Ke wāwahi ʻia, hana lākou e like me nā eheu a hoʻokuʻu i ka iʻa e moe hou no kekahi manawa ma luna o ka wai o ka wai.
p, paukō 1,0,0,0,0 ->
p, ka mea i pīhoihoi 2,0,0,0 ->
He aha ke ʻano o ka lele lele ʻana.
I ka wai, nā iʻa lele e hana ʻole i nā mea ʻole. ʻO kēia ka iʻa o ka manamana maʻamau o ke kala kala-hina, i kekahi manawa me nā pihi ʻeleʻele kaila. ʻEleʻele ka papaʻu o luna. Hiki i nā peni ke loaʻa kahi kala hoihoi. ʻAʻole like me kahi subspecies, ke aniani lākou, ʻoneki, uliuli, uliuli a me ke kaila.
p, paukō 3,0,1,0,0 ->
p, ka mea pā 4,0,0,0,0,0 ->
No ke aha e lele ai nā iʻa lele?
ʻO ka "hoʻopunipuni nui" o kēia ʻano iʻa - i ko lākou hiki ke lele i waho o ka wai a hana i kahi holo lele nui ma luna o kona ʻili. Eia nō naʻe, i nā ʻāpana subspecies ʻē aʻe, ua kūkulu ʻia nā hana lele e ʻokoʻa. Holo i kekahi e lele aʻe a lele aʻe, a hoʻolilo kekahi i nā huakaʻi pōkole loa.
p, ka mea i hōʻea ʻia,0,0,0,0 ->
Ma keʻano ākea, hiki i nā iʻa lele ke piʻi ma luna o ka wai i ke kiʻekiʻe ʻelima mau mika. Nā māka lele - 50 mika. Eia nō naʻe, aia kekahi mau hihia i, e pili ana i ka piʻi ʻana o nā ʻōpū lele, e like me ka manu, lele ana ka iʻa i ka mamao a hiki i 400 mika! ʻO kahi kaui nui o ka lawaiʻa, ʻo ia ka nele o ka lawelawe ʻana. Holo wale ka manu lele i ka laina kūpono a hiki ʻole ke haʻalele kūʻe mai ke papa. A hopena o ia mea, make lākou i ka manawa, e hālāwai ana i nā pōhaku, nā ʻaoʻao o nā moku a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.
p, mea pā 6,1,0,0,0 ->
Hiki i ka mokulele o ka iʻa ma muli o ke ʻano kūikawā o kāna mau pectoral. I ke kūlana ʻōwili, ʻelua nā papa nui no ka holo ʻana o ka mokulele, e hoʻokiʻekiʻe i ka iʻa. Ma kekahi mau subspecies, ua komo pū kekahi fins i ka lele, i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia no ka hana ʻana i ka lewa.
p, ka mea pā 7,0,0,0,0 ->
Hoʻomaka i ka iʻa mai ka wai e hāʻawi i kahi huelo ikaika. ʻO ka ʻaihue ʻana mai ka hohonu a i ka ʻike, hoʻāla ʻia ka iʻa ma ka wai, e kōkua ana i ka neʻe ʻana o ke kino kino. Ma aneane like ke ʻano o nā ʻano iʻa like ʻole mai loko mai o ka wai, eia nō naʻe, nā manu lele e lele ana i loko o ka lewa i ka lele.
p, paukiki 8,0,0,0,0 ->
Ka Piha Haole
ʻO ka hapa nui o nā iʻa lele e noho ana i nā tropic a me subtropics. ʻO ke ana wai kūpono: 20 degere Celsius ma luna o zero. A thanole ma mua o ke ʻano he 40 mau lawaiʻa e lele nei i ka loko o ka Pākīpika a me ka Moana, 'Oihana a me ke kai kūloko.
p, ka mea pā 9,0,0,1,0 ->
Hiki i ka iʻa lawaiʻa hiki ke neʻe lōʻihi. Ma muli o kēia, puka lākou i nā kaona ʻāina o Lūkia. No ka laʻana, aia nā hihia i lele i ka iʻa ma ka Hikina mamao.
p, paukō 10,0,0,0,0 ->
Noho nā ʻelele āpau o kēia ʻano holoholona i nā holoholona liʻiliʻi ma kahi hohonu. ʻO ka loli loa o ka nohona mai ke kahakai e hilinaʻi nui ʻia ana i nā subspecies kikoʻī. Noho kekahi mau lālā i kahakai, ʻoi aku kekahi poʻe i ka wai ākea. Pākuʻi ʻana i ka iʻa iʻa kaʻai ma nā crustaceans, plankton a me nā ʻōpū lawaiʻa.
p, ka mea pā 11,0,0,0,0 ->
ʻO keʻano
Hoʻopili ke kino, me nā paikikala pectoral kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ka loa kino mai 15 a 40-50 cm (Cheilopogon pinnatibarbatus) He hina hina-kala ka kala, me ka hala ʻole o nā ʻalā pōkole transverse. ʻEleʻele ka kua. Hiki i nā poli pectoral o nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole ke aniani, ʻulaʻula, uliuli, brown, me nā wahi hoʻonani a i ʻole nā ʻalihi.
He naaupo ka snout, okoa ka ʻĀnohi Fodiator. ^ E Ha yM. Hoʻokahi wale nō ma nā ʻōpio. ʻO ka lua o nā ʻāpana o ka fectoral fika e pili ana i ka umauma. Ua hoʻihoʻi maikaʻi ʻo Dorsal hope i ka maʻamau, maʻamau me 12-14 mau hihi. Hoʻokomo ka anal fin o nā wē he 8-10. ʻO ka pahu haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka caudal fin elongated. Hōʻono ka pūhaka lōʻihi me nā 6 māmā. Lohi ʻaihue ʻole ʻo ka wai ʻana o ka ea me ka ʻōpū o mua.
Lele manu a me ke kanaka
Loaʻa ka iʻa ʻaiā. ʻO kā lākou ʻai he wahi hoʻolālā maikaʻi a me ka leʻaleʻa maikaʻi. No laila, ma nā ʻāina he nui i hōʻiliʻili ʻia e like me ke kai. He kapu ka lawaiʻa e hopu ana. E like me ka mauʻu, ʻaʻole ka papa mele maʻamau, akā he māmā. E like me nā mea ʻōiwi, lele ka iʻa i hiki mai i ke kumu mālamalama mālamalama, kahi e lawe ʻia ai lākou mai loko mai o ka wai e nā ʻupena, a i ʻole nā hoʻohana ʻenehana.
p, blockquote 12,0,0,0,0 -> p, blockquote 13,0,0,0,1 ->
ʻO ka māhele nui o ka lele lele ʻana ma Iāpana. Maanei, ʻike ʻia ka caviar tobiko kaulana mai ia, a hoʻohana ʻia ka ʻiʻo i ka sushi a me nā kīlei maʻamau a Iapana.
Nā ʻano o ka iʻa lele ʻana
Ke ʻekihe nei nā hua. He mau ʻeke nā ʻēheu. ʻO kā lākou ʻāʻī lalo. No laila ʻo ka inoa o ka ʻohana. Ua papahele ka papa ichthyological i nā iʻa lele i 8 genera a me 52 mau ʻano. Nā ʻōlelo:
- Kepani ʻO kahi manaʻo maʻamau. E noʻonoʻo iā 20 mau mea mai ka Pākīpika hikina. ʻO ka hapa nui he palahu polū ākea a me kahi kino elongated. ʻO kona lōʻihi e loaʻa iā 36 kenimika.
- ʻAmelika. A hoʻohiki hou nō hoʻi ka ʻōlelo. I nā wai o ka Atlantika, 16 nā iʻa o ka iʻa o ka lele e noho ana. Noho kekahi o lākou ma ke kai o ʻEulopa. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia e nā pua hina a he keʻokeʻo transverse keʻokeʻo.
- Sailor. Hoʻokahi i hoʻokahi ʻano, i ʻike ʻia i ka makahiki 2005, e hōʻike ana i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka iʻa. Loaʻa ia ma ke Kīwā o Peter ka Nui. I ka manawa i loaʻa ai ka iʻa. No laila, ʻokoʻa ka ʻike e pili ana i nā ʻano. Ua ʻike ʻia he pōkole pectoral pōkole nā ʻelele, a hāʻule ka hapalima o ka lōʻihi o ke kino ma ke poʻo.
Aia hoʻi ka mahele i ka 2 a me ka iʻa ʻēheu 4. ʻO nā mea i hoʻoponopono mua wale nō ka hoʻomanahana. ʻO ka lua e hoʻonui a me ka ʻōpū. Mai nā hākele mokulele ʻē aʻe i waho nā mea e hoʻomanaʻo ʻia ka pā kaukau. Kāhea ʻia ʻo ia he pā.
E lele ana i ka iʻa me ka poʻo paʻu a me kahi ʻōpio paʻakikī ma luna
Pahu ʻia ke kino o ka iʻa, ke ʻano maka ʻia mai luna mai, nā mea ʻili me nā kaula palaka. Ua hōʻike ʻia kekahi ʻokoʻa e ka pōʻai a hoʻomalu ʻia e nā fins hou. Ua like lākou me he mea lā i kū ka pū o ke kino. ʻO kēia kahi mea iʻa a hoʻohālike i ka ʻōpū.
Hoʻoikaika & Habitat
E lele i waho o ka wai i kēlā me kēia manawa, kahi e noho ai ka iʻa iʻa, pono ʻo ia e noho kokoke i ka maka, e like me ia. Holo wale aku, noho ka holoholona i ka lewa mai 2 kekona a hoʻokahi minuke. I ka lōʻihi o ka mālama ʻana e lele ka 400 mika.
ʻOiai kuhi ʻole nā fins-ohe o ka iʻa, e hana ana ka huʻu me he kaʻa. Hana ʻo ia i kahi papa 60-70 i kekona. Hoʻokomo ʻia kā lākou iʻa ma ke kiʻekiʻe o 3-5 mika. I mea e piʻi lākou iā lākou, ʻo ka wikiwiki i hoʻokaʻawale mai ka wai e piʻi i ka 18 mika ma ka lua.
Nui nā hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ka wai i hoʻokahi mokulele. Ua like ia me ka neʻe o ka pancake pancebble. Ua emi hou ka iʻa o ka iʻa, e waiho ana i ka huʻu e hele ana i ka wai. Hāʻawi kēia i kahi makaʻi hou i ka neʻe, e hoʻolei hou i ka holoholona i ka lewa.
No ka mokulele, ua kuhikuhi ʻia ke koa o ka puke ma ka makani. Hoʻopili wale ʻia nā mea hoʻowalewale, hōʻemi ʻia ke kaikai ʻana o ka ʻēheu. ʻO nā manu, ma ke ala, makemake nō e neʻe kūʻē i ka makani. Ma nā mokulele, e like me ka ʻauʻau ʻana, e hoʻouna ʻia ana nā iʻa lele i mau ʻeke. I hoʻokahi - e pili ana i 20 mau kanaka kū hoʻokahi. Ua hui like ʻia nā ʻohana liʻiliʻi i nā kula nui.
Hoʻoholo pinepine lākou mai ka wai ma hope o nā moku. Hōʻalo nā moku i ka jamb, e hoʻomaka ana me ka makaʻu. ʻO ka lele no ka iʻa kahi ala e pakele ai mai ka pōʻino. Aia nā mea hopohopo ʻē aʻe ma lalo o ka wai. Eia ka mea lele a lele aku. ʻO Albatrosses, he mau kaikamahine kolohe, hiki i nā kime ke kū i ka lewa. I ka wai, nā tuna, nā manuʻa, nā maka, a me nā mea he nui o ka iʻa ʻē aʻe e huki ana.
Noho ka iʻa iʻa i ka moana. Loaʻa ka hapa nui o nā ʻano i nā wai kūloko a me nā subtropical. Pono i kahi mahana o nā maʻa he 20 tikeleka Celsius. Aia nō kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona wai. Hoʻopili kēia ma ka South American Wedge-bellied.
ʻOkoʻa nō hoʻi lākou i ke ʻano o ka lele. ʻAʻole e like me nā lele ʻē aʻe, ka nolo o ka ʻohana i nā pua i like me nā manu. Ua koho aku nā mokulele a pau, ʻo ia hoʻi, hiki iā lākou ke holo mamao loa mai ko lākou wai hānau. ʻO ka ʻōiwi Atlantika-Europa, no ka laʻana, ʻauʻau i nā kai ʻākau i nā mahina o ke kauwela.
Kaʻa ʻana ʻana o nā iʻa
ʻAi nā mea lele i nā holoholona planktonic. Loaʻa kā lākou iʻa ma nā papa kiʻekiʻe o nā wai. Hoʻopili i ka pipi i ka meaʻai. Hele nō hoʻi ka ʻai nui o nā iʻa i ka meaʻai. Loaʻa i nā mea inu nā meaʻai ma ka kānana ʻana i ka wai me nā gills.
Hoʻokele nā holoholona i nā aʻa a me ka ʻapo. ʻAʻole hiki ke hopu pololei ʻia nā iʻa. E like me ka mea koa o ka ʻatikala, hoʻomaʻamaʻa wale nā mākaʻai a me nā kohola i ka plankton. ʻIke pinepine nā pona o nā lele ma kēlā ʻaoʻao o ka ʻelua.
ʻO ka pilina a me ka lōʻihi
Kui ka heroine o ka ʻatikala i nā caviar ma nā wahi like i noho ai ʻo ia - ma nā papa kiʻekiʻe o ka wai. Hāʻawi ʻia nā ʻeke ʻeu me nā embryo i villi. Hāʻawi lākou iā ʻoe e loaʻa i kahi alopeke ma luna o nā mea i kuhi ʻia, no ka laʻana, nā papa, nā litter, algae, nā niu niu. Eia naʻe, ʻo ka hua o nā iʻa he ʻelua mau manu mai ka ʻiʻo Exocoetus swims ʻaʻole paʻa.
He ʻano maʻamau nā villi no nā hua o nā kahakai kahakai. I ka wā o ka kiola ʻana i nā hua a me ka hoʻohālikelike me ka waiū, huli ka wai i ka waiū ʻōmaʻomaʻo. ʻO ka hoʻopihapiha ʻana o hua i ka huaʻai ka mea ʻai mua i ke ola o ka larva. I ka lele ʻana o nā iʻa, e hoʻomohala ʻia i kekahi mau lā.
A hiki i ka iʻa i hiki aku i ka 5 mika kenimika ka lōʻihi, ʻaʻohe mea like me nā pākeke, no ka mea ua liʻiliʻi nā huaʻai a he ʻulaʻula ka ʻōuli. Me ka pakeke, ua loli ka helehelena a hoʻomaka ka ulu ʻōpio ke haku i ka holo.
Maʻa ka iʻa i ka wā puberty e 15 mau mahina. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā ʻano no ka Atlantika, no ka laʻana, e hele i ka spawn ma ke kai Mediterranean. Ma ka laulā, ʻokoʻa nā ʻano manu like ʻole o nā mea lele a me nā papa spawning. Hoʻololi pū ka wā Egg.
Pehea e kuke ai i ka iʻa lele ʻana
Pono ka heroine o ka nūhou i ka pō, no laila e hele pinepine i ka lawaiʻa ma hope o ka hopena o ka lā. Me ka hopena o ka lā, ua hopu ʻia nā mea lele, no ka laʻana, ma Polenekia. Eia naʻe, ʻoi aku ma mua o 50% o ka hopu e ka poʻe Japani. I ka ʻāina o ka Rising Sun, ua hoʻohana ikaika ʻia nā ʻiʻo o ka lawaiʻa ʻana i ka ʻāina, roll. Eia kekahi mau aʻoaʻo:
ʻO ka lau o nā iʻa lele maikaʻi a maikaʻi
- ʻO nā pepa o ka 44 mau grika o ka laiki, hoʻokahi kūmato hou, kahi ʻōpala o nā lāʻau ʻokiʻoki, 200 kalepa o ka pāpaʻi feta, 4 mau punetēpō o ka pākī, nā nori sheet a me ka caviar pono (mai i hoʻokahi pahu). Kuke ʻia ka cereal ma kahi o 20 mau minuke me ka holoi ʻana mua me ka wai e kahe ana. Hāleʻa ka hū i loko o ka wai anuanu. Hoʻohui ʻia ka vinegar i nā ʻuala, wela. A laila ʻokiʻoki i ka ʻākala a me nā lāʻau. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka hapa o ka laiki i kālua ʻia i ka nori. Waiho ʻia ka lōʻihi mamao o ka pahū. Hoʻokomo ʻia ʻo Caviar ma luna o ka laiki. A laila hoʻopaʻa ka hapalua o ka moena i ka mea hana a huli aʻe. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā kīkoki o nā hua lāʻau, kōkala a me nā tiʻi feta ma luna o kahi uhi nori. Noho mau ia e kālai i ka ʻōwili e hoʻohana ana i ka mat.
- ʻO Sushi me ka caviar lele lele mai ka 200 kalama o ka laiki, 100 kalā o ka tuna, 2 punetēpau o kā Sriracha kīʻaha, 120 kalā o ka caviar, kahi kīpī o ka vīneʻa a me ka nui o ka kō. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka laiki i holoi ʻia i loko o ka wai anuanu. Ka uhi ʻo ia i ka cereal me 1 manamana lima. Pono e hoʻolapalapa, a laila hoʻohui me ke kō a me ka pākī. Kāwili ʻia ʻo Tuna a ʻohi ʻia me ka palaoa. Ke waiho mau nei ʻo ia i ʻohi i ka sushi mai ka waihona (laiki), mea ʻai, keʻa ʻono a me ka caviar o kekahi mau ʻāpana.
ʻO ka manaʻo o ke kumu o ka ʻatikala ua manaʻo ʻia he mea maikaʻi loa i Taiwan, ma ka Caribbean. Mai laila, lawe ʻia nā huahana iā Rūsia. Hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa i ka ʻiʻo a me ka caviar i nā hale kūʻai kūʻai aku i nā mea kanu no nā sushi a me nā ʻōwili. Kumukūʻai o nā lele lele e like me nā mea o 150 rubles no kahi pākaha pākēneka o kahi 50-gram a me 300 mau rubles no ka 100 grika o ka fillet i kahi pahu hakahaka.
Mālama
Kālaha nui ʻia ma nā ʻōlani a me nā subtropics. Pahu ʻia ka māhele o ka hoʻoilina i nā wai me kahi mahana o 20 ° C.
Ma ka ʻāina Indo-Pacific, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā mea ola he 40. Aia ma kahi o 20 mau ʻano ma ka ʻaoʻao hikina o ke Kai Pakipika, a he 16 mau ʻano ma ka Moana Atlantika. He 7 mau manu o ka lele ana i loko o ka Pōʻele, a ʻo ka 4 i ke Kaiwaena .. I ke kauwela, he nui nā mea e hiki i ka lele ʻākau, e ʻauʻau ana i ka Paʻi Pelekane a i nā kahakai hema o Norewai a me Tenemaka. Ma ka wai o Far Eastern, i loko o ke awāwa o Peter ka Nui, ua paʻa pinepine ia Cheilopogon doederleinii.
Polohana
Ma ka pilikia o ka pōʻino, i kekahi manawa no ke kumu ʻike ʻole, hana lākou i kahi lele a ka nui me ka nui: me ke kōkua o nā puhi ikaika e ka ʻili, holo koke lākou i ka wai a lele i ka lewa e hoʻohana i kā lākou hāmeʻa pectoral ākea. Hōʻike ʻia ka mana i ka lele ma nā ʻano ʻokoʻa i kahi ʻano ʻē aʻe a hilinaʻi i ka nui o ka iʻa a me ka helu o nā loina no ka lele.
ʻO ka lele ʻana o ka lele i loko o ka ʻohana, ua ʻike ʻia, i ʻelua ala. Ua alakaʻi ʻia kekahi o lākou i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ka iʻa lele, e hoʻohana ana wale i nā pua pectoral i ka wā o ka lele (he hui maʻamau - Nā hōʻike kālā Exocoetus).
Hoʻokahi kahi kuhikuhi āpau e ka lele lele (4 genera a me nā mea he 50 mau mea e hoʻohana nei i ʻelua pectoral a me nā loina ventral no ka lele. Hōʻike pū ʻia ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka lele i ka hana o ka hope caudal, nā ʻili o nā mea pili ʻole i ka hoʻopili ʻia me kekahi a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pahu haʻahaʻa ma mua o ka mea i luna, i ka hoʻolālā ʻana o kahi palau nui, e hoʻomau ana ma lalo o ka hiʻona a ka huelo.
Hoʻokomo a me ka hoʻōla
Hoʻaiho lawelawe i ka wai wela o nā ʻāmiu a me nā subtropics. Hoʻololi ka iʻa a me ka mahana o kēia wai i lalo o 20 ° C. Ma ke kīkala Indo-Pacific, ʻo ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻana o ka nui o kēia mau kānaka i ʻike, a hiki i nā ʻano kanahā. Ma muli o ka lele e noho nei, e ʻauʻau i ka English English a me nā kahakai o ka ʻaoʻao hema o Denmark a me Norewai. I ke Kaiʻina o Peter the Great ma ka ʻāina mamao, ua ʻike ʻia kona hele ʻana.
Mālama ʻia ka iʻa i nā holoholona liʻiliʻi. Aia i nā ʻano ʻae, hiki iā lākou ke noho i nā wai ākea o ke kai a noho i ke kaha kahakai.
ʻO kā lākou ʻai e komo ai: mollusks, roe iʻa, plankton, crustaceans liʻiliʻi.
Nānāua a me ke ʻano
ʻO waho, he peʻe ka "lele" a ʻaʻole ia e hōʻike iā ia iho. Pāwila ka nui o ka papa mai ka wai o ka wai. Ke kala i uliuli uliuli polū, kalai mai nā lani lewa a me ka hina, kala, kala a māmā.
A eia ke kala ʻana o nā ʻala hoʻomālamalama: ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ʻōmole, polū, brown, nānā a nānā i ke kapa.
He ʻano palaka ke poʻo, nā niho wale nō ma nā ʻōpua.
ʻO ka nui o ka iʻa liʻiliʻi he 15-30 sentimika. Nā kānaka nunui ua manaʻo ʻia he mau kānaka nona ka nui o ke kino a hiki i ka 45-50 sentimita. ʻO ke kaumaha he 700 gram. Maʻa ka hiʻu, pālahalaha a hana like me ka mea hoʻokele i ka wā o ka lawe. E holo a ʻō ka huʻu holo i luna a hiki i ka huelo.
ʻO ka hoʻolālā kino o ka palapala houli ʻlelo ka iʻa ua hiki koke i ka iʻa i ka wai. Ke neʻe nei ʻoe ma lalo o ka wai, e paʻa mau ana kona mau maka i ke kino. Kūkulu ʻia kahi wikiwiki o 60 km / h.
ʻO ka kumu o ke ʻano a me ka wehewehe
Kiʻi ʻAi: Flying Fish
ʻOkoʻa nā iʻa i ka iʻa me kā lākou nonvolatile congeners i loko o ke ʻano o kā lākou pā. ʻOi aku ka ʻohana o nā mea lele lele ma mua o 50 mau ʻano. ʻAʻole lākou e pāhaʻi "mau ʻēheu" hilinaʻi wale ʻia lākou i ka ea, akā i ka wā o ka lele, hiki i nā pōpolo ke kahakaha a lele ʻole, ka mea nāna e hoʻohālikelike i kā lākou hana ikaika. Mahalo i kāna mau pua, nā iʻa e like me nā mea pōkole e hiki i ka lele ʻana i kahi mamao mai nā haneli he haneli haneli ma ka lewa.
Manaʻo ka poʻe hoʻomohala o ka ʻoiaʻiʻo i ka wā i loko o nā iʻa maʻamau, ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o nā mea me nā pua iki ma mua o nā mea maʻamau. ʻAe kēia i hiki iā lākou ke hoʻohana iā lākou i mau ʻēheu, e lele ana mai loko mai o ka wai no kekahi mau kekona a holo i nā mea hoʻopuka. No laila, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā pūliki elongated a maikaʻi loa.
He aha kēia mea e lele ai kēia iʻa liʻiliʻi?
Ua loli ka hiki ke lele i ka wā ma mua o ka ka pono ka poʻe hahai alualu i ka hohonu o ke kai. Ke lele nei mai ka wai, pakele nā mea lele mai ka mea kahakaha moana, akā i kaʻoiaʻiʻo maoli ka nānā ʻana i nā ʻenemi ʻē aʻe.
ʻO kaʻemele mau puke a me nā gull ka makaʻala loa. He nui kana mau enemi. Ke makemake nei nā kānaka kai, nā manu a me nā kānaka e leʻaleʻa. No laila aneʻa pinepine kēlā iʻa ma waena o ka pōhaku a me kahi wahi paʻakikī.
ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole i manaʻo ka manaʻo o ke "lele" i ka iʻa i kona ʻala. Ua lele ʻo ia ma luna o ka wai o luna wai, hoʻomaikaʻi ʻokoʻa nā ʻāpana.
Ke neʻe nei kokoke i ka wai, me nā ikaika ikaika o ka huelo, hoʻokuʻi ʻo ia i kona kino mai ka wai i ka wikiwiki o 30-35 km / h a wikiwiki ʻia e ka neʻe wikiwiki ka lōʻihi a hiki i 60 km / h. I kēia manawa, hoʻopau kā ka caudal i nā ʻeha 70 i ka lua. Wehe koke nā ʻēheu
ʻO ke kumu o nā ʻāpana pectoral e hiki ai iā ʻoe e lele. Hāʻawi nā fins i nā ʻēheu manu, paʻa a paʻa. ʻO ke momi-like ʻili. ʻO ka nui a me keʻano o nā fins e hōʻike i ka lōʻihi o ke kau. Loaʻa nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole i nā nui a me nā ʻāpana o nā ʻēheu pectoral.
ʻO ka ʻokoʻa ma nā loio:
- ʻEheu ʻēheu. Hoʻohana wale nō nā kaulima pectoral no ka lele.
- ʻEhā ʻāheu. Hoʻokumu ʻia nā pectoral a me nā hala fula. Aia ma kahi o 50 mau ʻano o kēlā mau ʻelele.
ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka pani ʻana ma luna o nā wai he 5-6 mika. Ka lōʻihi aia i ka lewa - mai kekahi mau kekona i hoʻokahi minute, i kēia manawa e lele ana i kahi mamao o 50-400 mika.
Nā hiʻohiʻona a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Kuhi: He aha nā ʻano o nā iʻa lele e lele?
ʻO nā mea lele e lele nei i nā iʻa lele ʻole, ʻaʻohe ʻano kīpē, he ʻāpana liʻiliʻi loa, he awelika o 15-30 cm ka lōʻihi a kaupaona ʻana ma kahi o 200 grama. ʻO ka hapa nui loa i loaʻa ka 50 cm a kaupaona ʻoi aku ma kahi o 1 kg. Hoʻomoe ʻia a hoʻomāliʻi ʻia lākou mai nā ʻaoʻao mai, kahi ʻae iā lākou e hoʻopū ʻia i ka wā o ka lele.
ʻO ka ʻokoʻa nui ma waena o ka iʻa i loko o ka ʻohana i loko o kā lākou mau pua, ʻoi aku ka nui o ko lākou helu:
- ʻElua mau ʻēheu ʻelua mau ʻēheu lele ʻelua mau ʻēheu lele.
- Hoʻopili i nā pectoral hāpili, loaʻa nā hoki me nā ventral 4 i nā holoholona ʻehā ʻē aʻe ʻehā. ʻO ia ʻo ia mau ʻehā ʻae a e hele ana i ka wikiwiki o ka lele a me nā mamao lōʻihi.
- Aia kekahi i nā iʻa ʻehā lele e lele ana me nā moena pectoral pōkole.
ʻO ka ʻokoʻa nui ma waena o ka ʻohana iʻa e lele ai mai ka poʻe ʻē aʻe, ʻo ke ʻano o nā pua. Noho lākou ma ka lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi o ke kino o ka iʻa, loaʻa ka nui o nā kaila a he ākea nui i ke kūlana pololei. Hoʻopili nā nā pua o ka iʻa ma kona ʻaoʻao aʻe, kokoke i ke kikowaena o ka gravity, kahi e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi i ka wā o ka lele.
Loaʻa nā caudal fin i kāna mau hiʻohiʻona pono. ʻO ka mua, ua kūpaʻa ka ʻulina o ka iʻa i lalo ma lalo o ka huelo, no laila ʻoi iki ka liʻiliʻi o ka limu haʻahaʻa ma mua o nā ʻohana ʻē aʻe o ka iʻa. ʻO ka lua, hiki iā ia ke hana i nā neʻe a hana a like me ke kaʻa kaʻa, ʻoiai ʻo ka iʻa iho ke ea i ka lewa. Ma muli o kēia, hiki iā ia ke lele, e hilinaʻi ana i kona mau "ʻēheu".
Hoʻopili ʻia kahi kūlana maikaʻi loa me kahi pana ʻauʻau. He ʻalaha a elongated loa ma ka holoʻokoʻa holoʻokoʻa. Mahalo paha kēia hoʻonohonoho ʻana o ke kino i ka mea e pono ai ka iʻa i nā ʻāpana a me ka symmetrical i hiki ke lele like me ka ihe.
Mālama ka mālama i ke kala o ka iʻa. Alohi ka luna o nā iʻa me nā pua. ʻO ka maʻamau a ʻulaʻula paha. Me kēlā kala ma luna, he paʻakikī ke hoʻomaopopo i nā manu o ka mea i pio. ʻO ka ʻōpū, ma kahi ʻē aʻe, he māmā, hina a hina hoʻi. E pale aku i ka lewa, mahalo i ka nalowale, a me ka poʻe hemo i lalo he paʻakikī ke ʻike.
Aia ma hea kahi lele lele e noho nei?
Kiʻi ʻAi: Flying Fish
Noho ka loko o ka iʻa i ka ʻaoʻao o ke kai o ke kai a me nā moʻoʻai i nā pali a me nā subtropical latitude. Hoʻokumu ka palena o nā wahi noho o kēlā me kēia ʻano i nā kai holowili, ʻoi aku hoʻi ma nā wahi o nā haʻina palena. I ke kauwela, hiki i ka iʻa ke neʻe i kahi lōʻihi e hoʻonaninani i nā latitude, no laila, ʻike lākou i Rūsia.
ʻAʻole noho ka iʻa i ka wai i loko o ka wai anuanu, kahi e waiho ai ke ea ma lalo o 16 mau kiʻekiʻe. Pili nā makemake o ka mahana i nā ʻano kikoʻī, akā maʻamau ke ʻano o 20 mau kekelē. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka hoʻoili ʻana o kekahi mau ʻano pili i ka salati o nā wai kūlohelohe, ʻoi loa ka waiwai o 35 ka ‰.
Mālama pinepine ʻia ka iʻa ma nā wahi kahakai. Akā pū kekahi kekahi mau mea i ka wai ākea, a kūpono wale i nā kahakai no ka spawning. Pili ka mea āpau ma ke ʻano o ka hānau ʻana. Ka hapanui o nā mea nui he substrate e hiki ai iā lākou ke hoʻopili i nā hua manu, a wale nō kekahi o nā ʻano o nā iʻa ʻē aʻe diptera e pili ana i ka huaʻu Exocoetus spawn, a laila holo kahe i ka wai ākea. ʻO nā ʻano like wale nō e loaʻa i waena o nā kai.
He aha nā mea e ʻai ai ka iʻa?
I loko o nā mea e pili ana i ka meaʻai a me ke ola, ʻaʻole i ka poʻe lele lele e pili ana i ka poʻe predator. ʻai lākou i ka plankton, e hoʻomāhuahua ana i ka wai o ka wai luna kiʻekiʻe. Ke neʻeneʻe nei nā uka i ka nui o ka plankton, a neʻe ka iʻa a me nā wahi i lele ma hope o ka hānai, a hele ana i nā kula nui no ka hānai.
Ma ka liʻiliʻi o nā huaʻai liʻiliʻi, ka ʻai ʻoliʻoli ʻai i ka krill, mollusks winged, nā kīpole iʻa a me nā iʻa a me nā algae liʻiliʻi. No ka ʻai ʻana, ʻai lākou i ka wai kai a me ka kānana ʻana i nā koena, a me ka wai i ke ʻano o ke koena. Eia nō naʻe, i nā wahi moana i waiwai momona i ka plankton, ua hoʻokūkū ke ʻano o nā kai lawelima me lākou - ikanaka, saury, mackerel, etc.
Wikimedia Commons / SEFSC Pascagoula Laboratory, Collection of Brandi Noble, NOAA / NMFS / SEFSC (CC BY 2.0)
ʻO ka pōkole ka mea i makaʻala loa no ka lele ʻana i nā iʻa: ʻoiai e hānai ana, e ʻai pinepine ana i nā iʻa me ka plankton. I pakele ai mai ka piʻomaka kaumaha, ua aʻo nā iʻa e piʻi i ka lewa a hoʻolālā, hilinaʻi nui i ka wai kai e me kā lākou mau pua.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me nā ʻano hana
Kiʻi ʻAi: Flying Fish
Ma muli o nā pala, nā pectoral a me nā caudal, nā iʻa lele lele e hoʻoneʻe maikaʻi i ke ola ma nā ʻāpana o ke kai. ʻO kā lākou hiʻohiʻona nui loa ka hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale i nā wahi mamao ma o ka lewa. Ke neʻe nei lākou mai kahi wahi a i kekahi, lele ka mokulele i waho o ka wai a lele i nā mika ma luna o ka wai o ka wai, inā ʻaʻole kekahi o ka mea kuhi e hoʻoweliweli i ko lākou ola. Pēlā nō, ua hiki iā lākou ke lele i ka wā e hoʻokokoke aku ai i ka pōʻino mai ka iʻa iʻa pōloli.
ʻO kekahi manawa i ka lōʻihi o ka iʻa o ka iʻa me ke kōkua o ka ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa o ka moni caudal, me he mea lā e hoʻolalelale ana iā lākou, e hōiho hou i nā manawa. Ma ka maʻamau o ka lele e holo pololei ma luna o ka wai o ka wai, akā i kekahi manawa lohi lākou i luna a piʻi i ke kiʻekiʻe o 10-20 mika. ʻO ka poʻe pinepine nā lawaiʻa e loaʻa i nā iʻa ma ko lākou mau moku. Ua hana lākou i ka mālamalama māmā a neʻe i ka wāʻeleʻele, e like me nā māla. Kaulana kekahi o lākou i ka ʻaoʻao, lele kekahi, akā he ʻoi aku kekahi mau iʻa, a ua make lākou i ka wā e hāʻule ai ma ka pū o ka moku.
I ka wai, nā pua o ka iʻa a lele e paʻa pono i ke kino. Me ke kōkua o ka neʻe ikaika a wikiwiki ka pōkole, kūkulu lākou i ka wikiwiki i ka wai a hiki i 30 km / h a lele i waho o ka wai, a laila e pālahalaha i ko lākou mau ʻēheu. Ma mua o ka lele ʻana i kahi kūlana semi-submerged, hiki iā lākou ke hoʻonui i ka wikiwiki i 60 km / h. ʻAʻole maʻa mau ka lōʻihi o ka lele ʻana o nā iʻa lele e lele ana, ma kahi mau kekona, a lele lākou ma kahi o 50-100 mika. ʻO ka lōʻihi ka lōʻihi i kau ʻia ma kahi kekona, he 45 mau kekona, a ʻo ka lōʻihi ka lōʻihi ma ka lōʻihi o ka huakaʻi.
E like me ka nui o nā iʻa, e lele ana nā iʻa i loko o nā holoholona liʻiliʻi i ka wai. ʻO ka maʻamau ke piʻi i kahi poʻe ikani o nā poʻe kekona. I loko o hoʻokahi hipa ka iʻa o nā ʻano like ʻole, e pili ana i ka nui a me kekahi. Ke neʻe aku nei lāua, e komo pū ai me nā holo mokulele. Nānā paha mai ka ʻaoʻao e like me ka hipa nui o ka nui manuahi e lele lele ana ma luna o ka wai ma o ka parabola papa. Ma nā wahi kahi e kiʻekiʻe loa ai ka nui o nā iʻa e lele ana, e kau ʻia nā kula holoʻokoʻa. A aia nā hapa nui loa o nā meaʻai e puni ʻia e nā kumu he nui. Ma laila, hoʻomau ke ʻano o ka iʻa a noho i ka wai a me ko lākou manaʻo inā ʻaʻole lākou i pōʻino.
Pehea e lele ai nā iʻa lele?
Ke lele aʻe ma luna o ka wai o ka wai, nā iʻa lele lele e pono ai i nā neʻe liʻiliʻi wale nō, me ia e hoʻokuʻu maoli iā ia iho mai ka wai. I ka lewa, hohola ka iʻa i kāna mau pectoral i lalo a me nā mea ma luna o ka wai o ka wai. ʻAʻole lele ʻo ia i ke kumu maoli o ka ʻōlelo, akā hoʻolālā, neʻe i kona pūlū pololei i ka lewa. Hiki i kekahi mau iʻa ke lele a hiki i 400 mika, ke piʻi aʻe i ke kiʻekiʻe o 4-5 mau mika, ʻo ka pae ākea maʻamau e pili ana iā 50 mika.
Ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻaʻole ʻike ka iʻa a pehea e loli ai i ke kuhikuhi o ko lākou lele. Holo i kēia, hiki iā lākou ke holo i ka holo piha i ka halihali - he pali kahakai a i ʻole hoʻi ka ʻaoʻao o kahi moku. ʻO kekahi mau iʻa i hoʻohana no ka lele ʻaʻole i pectoral wale nō, akā nō nā loea ventral - kōkua kēia iā lākou e noho i ka lewa no ka lōʻihi loa.
ʻO ka hoʻolālā ʻenehana a me ka hana hou
Kuhi: ʻO nā iʻa me nā ʻēheu
ʻO kahi ala e hoʻonui ai i ke ola ʻo ka hui o 10-20 mau kānaka. Ma ka maʻamau ʻo ke lele ʻana i nā iʻa i noho liʻiliʻi i ka liʻiliʻi, akā i kekahi manawa hiki iā lākou ke hana i nā mea ʻoi aʻe a hiki i nā hapa haneli. Ma kahi pilikia o ka pōʻino, pakele ka ʻohana holoʻokoʻa mai ka mea kuhihewa, no laila he ʻai ʻia kekahi o nā iʻa, a hoʻomau mau ʻia ke koena. ʻAʻohe ʻano kūʻokoʻa pilikino i ka iʻa. ʻAʻole kekahi o nā iʻa e hana ma ke kumu a i ʻole maʻa. ʻO ka hapanui o nā ʻano lahilahi ʻōiwi a puni. Akā ʻo kekahi wale nō i kahi manawa manawa, maʻamau mai Mei a Iulai. I kēia manawa, ʻo ka wā o ka kahakai o ka iʻa e lele ana i ka iʻa lele, ke ao hohonu, ka wai ʻōmaʻomaʻo e ʻike ʻia.
Ua hilinai i nā ʻano, lele manu ʻano i nā ʻāpana ʻokoʻa o ke kai a me nā kai. ʻO ke kumu no nā ʻokoʻa a ʻo kā lākou caviar o ka ʻē aʻe e hoʻokaʻawale i ka spawning. ʻO ka hapanui o nā hua manu i hoʻoulu ʻia me nā kaula līkiki lōʻihi, a pono kahi substrate e hoʻopili i nā hua, a he nui nā huahana kūpono ma nā wahi kahakai. Akā aia kekahi mau mea e kaʻi aʻe ana ma luna o nā mea i kuhi ʻia, ma ka algae, no ka laʻana, algae papa, nā ʻōpala lāʻau, nā māla wai a me nā mea ola ʻē aʻe.
Aia pū kekahi ʻekolu mau hua manu dipteran o ka ʻohana Exocoetus e noho nei i ka moana ākea a ʻaʻole i kahele a hiki i ka wā wili. Hāʻawi lākou i ka caviar a no laila, e hānau ai, ʻaʻole pono lākou e hoʻokokoke i kahakai.
ʻO nā kāne pono, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, e mālama pū me ka wahine. I ka wā hele o ka spawning, hoʻokō lākou i kā lākou hana, ʻoiai maʻamau ka nui o nā kāne e alualu i ka wahine. ʻO ka hua wīwīwīwīwīwīwī ʻia me ka wai o ka seminal. I ka hatch kuʻi, ua mākaukau lākou no ke ola kūʻokoʻa. A hiki i ka wā e ulu ai lākou, ʻoi aku lākou i ka pōʻino nui, akā ua hāʻawi ka nūhou iā lākou i kahi antennae liʻiliʻi e kokoke ana i ko lākou waha, e kōkua iā lākou e hoʻōki pono iā lākou iho he mea kanu. ʻO ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, e lawe lākou i ke ʻano maʻamau o ka iʻa maʻamau, a hiki i ka nui o nā hoahānau pili ma kahi o 15-25 cm.ʻehā mau makahiki o ke ola ʻana o ka lawaiʻa o ka lele ʻana he 5 mau makahiki.
ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o nā iʻa lele
Kuhi: Fish Winged
Ma ka lima ʻē aʻe, ʻo ka hiki ke lewa me ka iʻa i ke kōkua no ka wehe i ka poʻe hahai. Akā ʻo ka mea ʻoiaʻiʻo, ka mea, ke kū nei ka iʻa o luna o ka ʻili o ka wai, kahi a nā manu e ʻai nei i nā iʻa, ke kali nei iā ia. Hoʻopili kēia i ka gulls, albatrosses, frigates, eagles, kites. ʻO kēia mau mea loea lani, mai kahi kiʻekiʻe e loaʻa ai i kahi o ka wai, ka ʻimi i nā pua a me nā hipa. I ka manawa kūpono, hāʻule lākou i ka lalo o ka mea pio. Ke hele nei ka wikiwiki, lele ka iʻa i ka ʻalani a hāʻule i mua o kāna mau wāwae. Hana ʻia hoʻi kēia ʻano me ke kanaka. I nā ʻāina nui, hopu ʻia nā iʻa ma luna o ka lele, e kau ana i nā ʻupena a me nā ʻupena ma luna o ka ʻili.
Eia nō naʻe, ma lalo o ka wai, nā iʻa lele e nui aku nā ʻenemi. No ka hana, ʻo ka tuna maʻamau i loko o nā wai mahana e noho pū me ka lele me ka iʻa a lele me ka ʻai. Lawelawe pū kekahi i nā meaʻai no nā iʻa e like me ka bonito, bluefish, cod a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. Hoʻokele ʻia nā Dolphins a me nā pū e lele ana i ka iʻa. ʻO kekahi manawa i lilo ia i ka waiwai o nā iʻa a me nā iʻa ʻole e ʻimi nei i kēlā mau iʻa liʻiliʻi, akā ke hauʻoli me ka leʻaleʻa me ka plankton i kahi hihia kuhihewa ʻole.
Ke ʻano o ka noho ʻana a me nā ʻano
Kiʻi ʻAi: Flying Fish
ʻO ka nui o nā biomass o ka lele lele i loko o ke kai loko he 50-60 miliona tons. Noho paʻa ka nui o ka iʻa a laila helu ʻia, no laila, i nā ʻāina he nui, no ka laʻana ʻo Iapana, ʻo kāna mau ʻano ka iʻa o ka waiwai kūʻai. Ma ka moana Pakipika kahikilika, ke kumukūʻai o nā iʻa lele e lele ana mai 20 a 40 kilokilo no hoʻokahi kilomita square. Ma kahi o 70 tausani mau iʻa o ka iʻa i hopu ʻia i kēlā me kēia makahiki, ʻaʻole ia e alakaʻi i kona hōʻemi, ʻoiai ʻaʻole me ka hōʻemi ʻana o ka helu makahiki, ka hopu ʻia ʻana o nā mea kūlohelohe hiki i ka 50-60%. He aha ka mea e hana nei i kēia manawa.
ʻEkolu mau pūʻulu māhele waena e lele i nā iʻa i Indo-West Pacific, East Pacific a me Atlantic faunal. Ma ke Kaiʻula o India a ma nā ʻaoʻao komohana o ka Moana Pakipika, ʻoi aku ma mua o ke kanalima o nā ʻano ʻoki lele e noho ana. ʻO kēia ka poʻe nui loa e ka lele ʻana o ka wai iʻa. Ma ka Atlantika, a ma ka hikina o ka Pakipika, heʻuʻuku kekahi o lākou - he iwakālua mau ʻano i kēlā me kēia.
I kēia mau lā, ʻike ʻia nā ʻōhua 52. Ka nānā ʻana lele lele mahele i ʻewalu genera a i ʻelima mau ʻohana. Kahi ʻia ka hapa nui o nā ʻano like ʻole, no laila ʻaʻole i palupalu lākou mau home, a laila ʻae lākou iā lākou e pale i ka hoʻokūkū interspecific.
ʻO kekahi mau manaʻo e pili ana i ka lōʻihi o ka mokulele:
- ʻO ka helehelena o ke kino e like me kahi torpedo.
- ʻO ka lōʻihi Fin: ʻo ka poʻe me kahi kala keu ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi.
- Ka helu o nā aulaha. ʻO ka lawaiʻa o ka iʻa, kahi i loaʻa nā peni pectoral wale nō, e lele ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o nā ʻelele me nā "ʻēheu ʻehā.
- ʻO ka hoʻolālā nani o nā pōpō i hiki ke noho i ka lewa.
- I ka hopena: ʻaʻole i hāʻule ka "flyer" i ka ʻōpū i loko o ka wai, akā no kekahi manawa ke mālama nei i ke kino ma luna o ka wai me ke kōkua o ke kaʻe o ka huelo. I kēia manawa, ʻike ʻia kahi moku holo moana, i lele ʻia e ka makani.
ʻAʻole hiki i ka lawaiʻa ʻana i ka iʻa i ka holo ʻana. Nui nā manaʻo o nā poʻe e komo ana i ka ʻeka o ka moku a i ʻole ke hoʻokau ʻia i ka ʻaoʻao e hōʻike ana e lele ana i ka iʻa ʻaʻole ka hoʻokele ʻana lele a lele kahi a lele ai. ʻO ka holo ʻana o ka iʻa lele lele e leʻaleʻa loa i nā kānaka a pau, a ʻo ka poʻe hoʻi no ka manawa mua e ʻike i ka ʻike, a me nā poʻe lawaiʻa ʻike. ʻO ka mālamalama, ʻike ʻole.
Wahi hoʻohele
Ka ʻohana o kēia mau iʻa ʻano nani ma mua o kanaono mau ʻano i loaʻa ma nā kai hema. He kanahā mau ʻano ʻāina o ka ʻāina Indo-Ocean; iwakālua noho ma ka Pākīpika a me ka Moana Atlantika. Hiki ke loaʻa kekahi o lākou i nā kai i kokoke i ʻEulopa (a hiki i ka iʻa lele Iapana e hopu mau ʻia i nā wai e holoi ana i ke kapakai o Rūsia.
ʻO ka wehewehe nui
ʻOiai ka he nui o kēia ʻohana, ʻike mākou he ʻano like me nā ʻano like like ʻole o nā manu lele e lele ana. No laila, he pōkole ʻuʻuku kā lākou, a nui loa nā pūpiki pectoral (commensurate me ka lōʻihi o ke kino). Mai ka noho ʻana o kēia iʻa i ka papa o luna o ka ʻaoʻao o ke kai, ua waiho ʻeleʻele ʻia ko lākou kua a me ka hina-ʻulaʻula kālā o ko lākou ʻōpū.
ʻO nā kaulahao i like ka variegated (ʻulaʻula ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ka melemona) a me ka monophonic. A ʻoiaʻiʻo, ua hui like lākou a pau e ka hiki ke lele. ʻO ka mea like paha, ua hoʻomohala kēia hiʻohiʻona i ke ala o ka pakele ʻana mai nā poʻe predator. A e hoʻomaopopo ʻia he nui ʻo lākou e aʻo pono "e holo" ma luna o ke kai o nā kai a me nā kai. ʻO nā kīpī me ka lōʻihi o ka pectoral fins ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o kā lākou mau hoa hana me nā paila pectoral pōkole. I ka wā o ka evolution, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā iʻa lele i ʻelua mau ʻēheu ʻelua a lele ʻehā paha. Hoʻohana nā holoholona ʻelua i ʻelua mau ʻāpana pectoral i ka wā o ka lele, kahi nui loa lākou. Hiki i ko lākou neʻe ʻana i ka lewa ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka lele o kahi monoplane. I nā iʻa “eha mau ʻehā”, ʻo nā moku ʻehā o nā ʻehā pectoral i ala no ka holo. ʻO ka lele o kēlā "lele moana" i hoʻohālikelike ʻia i ka holo ʻana o kahi biplane. Ma mua o ke kaʻi ʻana mai i ka wai a "lawe a", lawe maila ka iʻa i ka wikiwiki a lele i waho o ka wai, hoʻolālā i ka holo holo ʻole. ʻAʻole hākele ʻo ia i nā pua e like me nā ʻēheu, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻololi i ke kuhikuhi o ka nani. ʻO ke lele he lōʻihi i mau kekona mau kekona. ʻO ka iʻa i ka lawaiʻa, ma ka ʻano kumu, ua hoʻohui ʻia i loko o nā kula liʻiliʻi, e helu ana i kekahi mau haneli he haneli. Akā i kekahi manawa e hōʻuluʻulu ʻia nā pūʻulu liʻiliʻi i nā pū nunui. ʻAi lākou i ka plankton, nā ʻiʻo liʻiliʻi, a me nā mea hihiu liʻiliʻi. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka spawning i kēlā me kēia ʻano i nā manawa like ʻole o ka makahiki, ma muli o ka noho. Ma mua o ke kaʻe ʻana, hana i ka iʻa i ka ʻāmi i loko o ke algae, a hoʻokuʻu i ka waiū a me ka caviar.Hoʻopili ʻia ka lauoho lauoho i kēlā me kēia hua manu, e kahe ana ma ka wai o ka wai, hoʻopili ʻia i nā ʻano āpau āpau: nā hulu manu, nā algae make, nā lālā, nā niu a me nā jellyfish. ʻO kēia ka mea hiki ʻole ke hoʻolaha i nā hua ma luna o ka lōʻihi. ʻO ka lawaiʻa i ka iʻa (ke kiʻi āu e ʻike ai i ka ʻatikala) he mea hana kupanaha. Ma lalo iho nei e hōʻike ʻia ai kekahi mau ʻelele o kēia ʻohana.
Kahuna
ʻElua inoa inoa o Batfish - he pala kēia. Loaʻa iā ia nā inoa he nui ma muli o ke ʻano o kona kino (he ʻano ʻano a poepoe ia) a me nā pupu (ma nā ʻōpio'ōpio he nui a hoʻomohala ʻia a like lākou me nā ʻēheu o nā mamalia o ka inoa like ʻole). ʻO ka home kahi i ka wai o ke Kaiʻula. ʻO ke kino o kēia iʻa liʻiliʻi (e like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna aʻe) ua puni ia i ke ʻano, ka pulu kālā i loko ke kala me nā poli pōʻeleʻele, a i lalo pū kekahi Noho lākou i nā ʻohana liʻiliʻi, mai kēlā manawa kēia manawa e ʻohi ai i ka ʻai i lalo o ke kai.
A ʻaʻole i liuliu hou ʻia kahi iʻa ʻano kupaianaha i loko o nā wai o ke Kaiwa o Mexico, ʻo ia hoʻi i kapa ʻia ʻo "bat." Akā ʻaʻole ia e ʻike i ke lele ʻana a lele a lele i ka pā o ka moana i nā ʻehā heʻe, ka like loa me nā ʻēheu o kona mau inoa namesake. ʻO ke ʻano o kēia hana mana o ke ʻano, ʻaʻole ia he mea kupanaha: he kino ʻōlelo piha, nā maka nui, nui a me nā lehelehe nui o ke kala ulaula. Ua uhi ʻia ke kino me nā wahi pōkole. Eia kahi nani Kaleponi. Malia paha ma hope aku e hāʻawi ʻia ʻia kahi inoa ʻē aʻe.
Nā iʻa lele Kepani
ʻO ka inoa inoa ʻelua he elima lōʻihi ka lōʻihi ma hope. He kino lōʻihi lōʻihi kēia iʻa. ʻO ke kua he uliuli uliuli a ākea ka laulā, he ʻāpana kālā a ka ʻōpū. Lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o nā peʻa, hoʻomohala maikaʻi. ʻO ka nui o ka dinosaur e nui loa - 36 cm. Noho ʻia ma ka ʻaoʻao hema He mau lāʻau aloha wela ia, akā i kekahi manawa e ʻauʻau i ka wai o Primorye. Nā māka wai ma nā kahakai mai ʻApelila a ʻOkakopa. He ika lawaiʻa ia, ʻaʻole i hoʻohana ʻia wale i nā meaʻai kai kūloko, akā lawe ʻia i nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe.
ʻO nā loko ʻĀlani e lele ana
ʻO ka inoa inoa ʻalua o ka iʻa lele lele. ʻO kēia wale nō nā iʻa e holo wāwae i ke kai o ʻEulopa. ʻAkahi like ia me ke ʻano o nā ʻohana Kepani. Nā hiʻohiʻona hiʻona: nā papa pectoral i hoʻomohala maikaʻi ʻia a me nā pāʻilio ventral o ke kala hina ʻulaʻula, aia ma ke ʻano he pololi o ke kala keʻokeʻo.
ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka fin dorsal ma mua o ka anal. Koho mau ʻana mai Mei a Iulai. Holo nā lopa keʻokeʻo lōʻihi mai nā hua ma luna o ka wai. Fry ma ka moa ua kuʻi lepe, kahi e nalowale ana i ka manawa. ʻO ka thermophilic mau ʻīlio lele, no laila keʻauʻau ʻia i nā kai ʻākau i loko o nā mahina o ke kauwela a noho mau ma laila a hiki i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke anuanu.
ʻEnehana waiwai
Holo loa i nā iʻa iʻa lau, a no laila he mea nui ka ʻenehana waiwai. ʻAʻole wale kaʻai, akā hoʻi ka caviar. I loko o nā koina kai ʻai Kepani, ʻo caviar, i hāʻawi ʻia e nā iʻa lele (tobiko kona inoa), i ka haʻaheo o kahi.
ʻAʻole hiki i nā kīʻaha nui ke hana me ka ʻole. ʻO kaʻoi aku i ka momona maikaʻi loa, nā caviar a me ka ʻai o nā iʻa lele e pono nui. ʻO kā lākou e pili ana i ka 30% protein, mau waʻa nui, ka ʻōpala, potasiuma, pono no ka hana maʻamau o ka puʻuwai a me ka ʻōnaehana o ka naʻau, nā huaora D, C a me A, ʻo nā kāmoliola B, no laila, ua ʻōlelo ʻia kēia iʻa no ka poʻe i loaʻa kahi maʻi maʻi, a hapai a hāpai pū kekahi i ka hana koʻikoʻi ma ke kino.
He caviar Tobiko
ʻO ka lele ʻana i ka iʻa ma Iapana kahi i kapa ʻia ʻo tobiko. Hoʻohana nui ʻia kēia ma ka pā ʻai ʻana o nā lāhui. Ma waho o kēia, ʻaʻa ʻai nā sushi kaulana, nā ʻōwili a me nā huakai Iapana. Mālamana ka kala o ka caviar. Akā ua ʻike nui paha ʻoe ma nā pākeke hale ʻaina a i ʻole ma nā hale ʻaina Kepanī i ʻōmaʻomaʻo a i ʻole ʻoneʻe hoʻi ka tobiko caviar. Loaʻa kēia kala ʻokoʻa ma o ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā mea kūlohelohe, e like me ka wai wasabi a i ʻole nā ʻāpana cuttlefish.
ʻO Caviar o ka lele e lele ana he maloʻo maloo, akā hoʻokauwale wale nā Kepani iā ia a hiki ke ʻai me nā kīʻaha me ke ʻole o nā hoʻohui hoʻohui. Eia kekahi, ʻoi aku ka nui ma nā kaloli: 100 g o caviar he 72 kcal. He huahana waiwai nui kēia, akā ʻāpono ʻia no nā wahine hāpai a me nā keiki. ʻO ka ʻenehana hoʻoili ʻana ke hoʻomau nei i loli ʻole ma mua o ʻelima haneli mau makahiki. ʻO ka mua, waiwai i ka caviar i kahi kīʻaha kūikawā, a laila i waiho ʻia a waiho ʻia me kona kala kūlohelohe, hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia me ka wai momona. ʻO ke kukui a me nā kala ʻē aʻe, e hele i kā mākou mau papa i ke ʻano o nā meaʻai a pau. A ke kumukuai hoʻi, ma ke ala, ʻaʻole i ʻohi. A puni ka honua holoʻokoʻa, ua manaʻo ʻia kēia caviar he mea momona. A inā hoʻoholo ʻoe e kuke i kahi mea mai ka kīnā ʻana ma Iapana, eia ka nīnau: "Pehea ka nui o ka lele ʻana i nā iʻa caviar?" - e kūpono loa i kou pili. No laila, no hoʻokahi mau paona o ka tobiko ʻula e hāʻawi ʻoe e pili ana i 700 rubles, a no hoʻokahi haneri grika o ka caviar mau lākiō e pili ana i 300 rubles.
Loaʻa a me nā contraindications
Akā, ʻoiai ʻo ia i kona pono, ʻai ka ʻiʻo a me ka iʻa i nā iʻa. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o nā kai āpau a me nā lā caviar, he maʻi allergenic loa.
No laila, haʻalele ka poʻe i ka hopena aler i ka hoʻohana ʻana o kēia ʻano leʻaleʻa kai. Maanei kahi mea e kū nei kekahi mea kupanaha e noho nei ma kā mākou honua - he hana mana mai i ke kino i lanakila i ʻelua mau kino - ka lewa a me ka wai. Pīhoihoi nā kānakaʻepekema, no ka mea e aʻo hou lākou i kēia iʻa. A no mākou - e noho maluhia me kahi kīʻaha o ka caviar uliuli a noʻonoʻo i ka maoli maoli hiki ʻole a me ke ʻano kupaianaha.
Hiki i ke hiki ke lele i ka iʻa i lele ʻana paha i mea pono no ka hoʻopakele mai nā mea wānana. Loaʻa ka loaʻa ʻana o ka wikiwiki, ke hoʻolele nei kēia iʻa i kā lākou maʻa a lele ma luna o ke kai.
Nā ʻike kumu:
NA PALAPALA HOOPII
Lōʻihi: 15-50 cm.
Kaumaha: hiki i ka 700 g.
Hoʻopōla
Spawning: ka pūnāwai ka hoʻomaka o ke kauwela.
ʻO Caviar: Caviar o nā mea ola e noho ana i ke kai ākea e kahe wale ana i loko o ka wai (pelagic), nā mea ola e noho ana ma kahakai e hoʻopili i nā hua me ke kōkua o "kaula" i ka algae.
KUMAIUAI
Hōʻailona: ʻ fishpiha lehulehu, ʻākoakoa ʻohi i nā kula.
Meaʻai: plankton, caviar o nā ʻano iʻa ʻē aʻe.
Ke ola ʻike: Unknown.
Nā ʻĀʻI pili iā TYPES
Ma aneʻi 60 ʻokoʻa ʻano o nā iʻa lele hui pū ʻia i 7 subspecies.
E ʻoki ana e noho ana i nā kai āpau o nā moana. He mea hoʻokipa maikaʻi lākou no nā iʻa ʻano predatory, e like me ka tuna a me nā hiu. Mai ka ʻenemi i ke alualu iā lākou i loko o ka wai, hoʻopakele ʻia kēia mau iʻa e ke piʻi ʻana aʻe i ka lewa, akā aia lākou i ʻike i kahi pōʻino ʻē aʻe. ʻO nā mea hoʻohanohano e like me albatrosses, gulls, frigates biktima i kēia iʻa.
KAUA
ʻO ka hapa nui o nā ʻano lele lele e noho ana i loko o kai kai, kahi lākou e hānai ai i ka zooplankton - nā mea ʻala liʻiliʻi e paʻa ma ka ka wai o ka wai. I keʻano kūikawā, he mau crustaceans liʻiliʻi a me nā mollusks, kā lākou pili, nā hua iʻa. Ua ʻākoakoa ka iʻa iʻa ma nā wahi kahi e lawe ʻia ai e zooplankton e kēia lā. E ʻimi lākou i nā meaʻai ma kahi kokoke i ka wai o ka wai paha i loko o kona mānoanoa, kahi e hōʻiliʻili ai ka nui loa o ka plankton. Nā ʻili o nā ʻili iʻa i ka wai, e ʻōlelo i nā mea ola e noho ana ma loko. ʻO kekahi manawa hui pū ka ʻai i ka iʻa e lele ana i ka iʻa ma ia mau wahi a hānai pū i ka plankton. ʻO ka lawaiʻa ʻana i ka iʻa ponoʻī i mea nui i loko o ka mea e pono ai ka kai a nā kai, iʻa a me ka iisa.
Hoʻopōla
ʻO nā ʻōpū Atlantika e lele ana i ka iʻa i Mei-Iulai e hele i loko o ke Kai Hikina. ʻO kekahi ʻano o kēia mau iʻa i kāna mau moku e hoʻopaʻa i kā lākou mau hua i ka algae a i lalo paha me nā kaula lōʻihi. Ua ʻike ʻia ʻoiai i ka wā o ka lawaiʻa ʻana, ʻākoakoa nā kula o ka lele e lele ana i ka pō ma kahi hoʻokahi a e pōʻai ma luna o ke algae, ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i nā caviar a me ka waiū. I kēia hihia, huli ke wai i ka waiu waiu. ʻO nā caviar o nā iʻa e holo ana i ke kahakai he like nō. ʻO nā hua iʻa e noho ana i ke kai ākea, he mau pōkole pōkole e hana ana e like me ka parachutes, e hoʻolohi ana i ka ua. Piʻi ka pēpē hou i ka honua a hoʻomaka e hānai i ka plankton. ʻOkoʻa nā ʻōpio lele ʻōpiopio i ko lākou mau mākua i nā kala māmā, nā pectoral pōkole a me nā pālua ventral.
KUMAIUAI
E ʻoki ana - nā poʻe noho o nā kai anu. ʻO ka hapanui ka mea ʻai lākou i ka plankton, e holo ana ma ka wai o ka wai, a no laila e hānai pinepine i ka nui o nā mea ʻai kai he tuna.
Ke ʻike nei i kahi pūʻulu o nā iʻa e lele ana, hoʻāʻo ʻo tuna e hoʻokaʻawale iā ia a hoʻokaʻawale iā ia i ʻelua ʻāpana me kahi puʻupuʻu ikaika. A laila holo wikiwiki ka tuna ma hope o ka mea i makaʻu i ka makaʻu, ka mea e hoʻāʻo e peʻe me ka lele i waho o ka wai. Nā ʻēheu lele - Aia nā poli pectoral ākea nui loa. I ka wā ʻauʻau, ua pā ʻia lākou i ke kino a hōʻike wale i ka lele. ʻO ka wikiwiki o ka neʻe ʻana o ka iʻa e kū ai i ka lewa ua kiʻekiʻe a hiki iā ia ke lele i kekahi mau mika ma luna o ka wai. I ka wā o ka lawe ʻana, hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka iʻa mai ka wai o ka wai e nā wikiwiki a me ka ikaika a ka nui o ka hope caudal, a laila e pālahalaha i kāna mau ʻāʻī - aheʻe no kekahi mau sekona ua lele haʻahaʻa ʻia ma luna o ka wai.
ʻO ka awelika, ʻo ka lele o kahi iʻa ka lōʻihi o 10 kekona; nā kaʻa me ka lōʻihi o 30 mau kekona he maʻamau. ʻO ka hiki ke lele i loko i ka iʻa ua hoʻomohala ke ala o ke ola mai ka hahai ʻana o ka iʻa iʻa. Akā i ka lewa, ke kali mai nei nā mea weliweli e pili ana i ka pilikia ʻē aʻe - ma laila lākou e lilo ai i ka waiwai o nā pelahā nui: albatrosses a me nā gull.
E KEKAHI NEI OIA.
ʻO Pisces, e hoʻomākaukau ana no ka lawe ʻana, e lawe ana i kahi huelo o kahi e pili ana i ka 50 mau minuke o ke kekona.
Hiki i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā mokulele lōʻihi, hiki ke mālama i ka iʻa lele: i ka 42 mau kekona, ua uhi ʻia ka iʻa ma kahi o 600 m.
ʻIke ʻia ka iʻa ma nā moku kūleʻa e loaʻa ana i ke kiʻekiʻe o 10 m mai ke alo o ka wai - e lawe mai ana kahi haki i laila. ʻO ka maʻamau o nā iʻa lele e piʻi ʻole ma luna o ka wai i ka hapa he mau kenekulia.
ʻO nā kaulahao pectoral - nā ʻēheu o ka iʻa lele e kū ana ma luna o ke kumu o ka gravity a hana i 70-80% o ka lōʻihi holoʻokoʻa o ke kino o ka iʻa.
Hoʻokele nā Dolphins i ka iʻa e lele ana a hopu iā lākou i ka wā i hoʻopoka ʻia ai ka iʻa i ka wai.
KAHIKO NUI NO KA KINA O PAKAI
Tail: ākea a ikaika, hāʻawi i ka iʻa e wikiwiki ma ka hoʻomaka.
Nā peni: nā poli pectoral ākea i ka wā ʻauʻau e hoʻopili paʻa i ke kino a pololei i ka holo. I kekahi mau holoholona, ua hoʻonui ʻia hoʻi nā fola ventral.
Pehea nā mokulele:
Ua hoomakau- 1. ʻO ka lele ʻana i ka iʻa, e kokoke ana i ka ʻōpū, ikaika "hana" me kā lākou huelo e hoʻomohala i ka wikiwiki e pono ai ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana mai i ka wai.
2. Pae ka lele aku i ka ʻili, palahalaha ia i nā pōkole pectoral a lele i kahi mau mika i ka lewa.
3. Ua ʻike ʻo ka hoʻēmi ʻana o ka lele, hoʻopā ka iʻa i ka wai me kāna ʻili a me ka ʻōlohelohe iā ia, e loaʻa hou ka wikiwiki, e ʻae nei e hoʻomau ka lele.
KA MINA O KAHIKI
ʻO nā wai wela o nā kai a me nā subtropical zone. Kēia kekahi mau mea e noho ana i ka moana Atlanta, me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hoʻoilo, lele i ʻākau i nā kahakai o ʻEulopa a me ʻAmelika ʻAmelika, a hoʻi i ka pūnāwai.
SAOLEI
Hoʻohana nā Angler i nā iʻa lele e like me ka mauʻano. ʻAʻole i hoʻoweliweli ʻia ka iʻa lele me ka pau ʻole.
Inā makemake ʻoe i kā mākou pūnaewele, e haʻi i kāu mau hoaaloha e pili ana iā mākou!
E ʻoki ana e hāleu ana. Aia kahi kūlike i ka inoa kaulana. Hoʻokolo ka lele ʻana i nā ʻēheu e pili ana. ʻAʻole nā volatiles i ka mea hope a mai pākuʻi iā lākou. Hoʻololi nā wāwae i nā pena like. He paʻakikī lākou. Holo aku i ka wai a hoʻolaha i nā pua, hoʻoponopono ke iʻa iā lākou ma kahi hoʻokahi. ʻAe kēia iā ʻoe e ʻauheʻe, e mālama ana i ka lewa a i hoʻokahi mau mika.