Aupuni: nā holoholona (Animalia).
ʻAno: Chordata (Chordata).
Kākau: nā manu (Aves).
Kauoha: Falconiformes.
Kāohi: Hawk (Accipitridae).
Genus: nā mea ʻoki ʻai kai (Circaetus).
Nā kiʻi: nā ʻōpala ʻeke (Circaetus gallicus).
Aia i hea kona hale
Loaʻa ka nahesa i ka huke a me ka ulu lāʻau ala-ala i ka ʻaoʻao o ʻEulopa. Ua hoʻomaopopo ʻia ka hoʻoulu ʻana ʻo Rare i Caucasus a ma ʻāpana ʻĀina o ka ʻāina, ʻo ka mea nui i ka palena me Kazakhstan. Ma waho o ka Russian Federation, e noho ana nā mea ʻaʻai ʻole ma North-West Africa, Central and Southern Europe, Asia Minor, the Middle East, a me kekahi mau wahi o India a me Pakistan. He poʻe manu ʻai manu nā poʻe nālekale. Hoʻolilo lākou i ka hoʻoilo ma Sub-Saharan Africa. Ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia ka mōʻīraʻī loa o ka ʻenehana nahesa, e uhi ana i ka mamao o 4700 km i kahi mokulele mai Farani a i kahi hoʻoilo i ka Repubalika o Niger.
ʻO ka wehewehe ʻana o ka nahesa
ʻOiai ke ʻano o ka ʻai nui o ka nahesa i kekahi manawa i kapa ʻia he ʻaeto, i ke ʻano o nā manu like ʻole ke ʻano like like ʻole, no laila aneane hiki ʻole ke hoʻohui iā lākou. "He ʻeto me nā manamana lima pōkole -" ma lalo o kēia inoa ua ʻike ʻia ka poʻe Pelekona e ka poʻe Pelekane, a ʻo ka krachun ka inoa ʻo kēia manu e nā poʻe, e koho ana i kekahi a me nā manu ʻē aʻe o ka waiwai.
Ma ka unuhi maoli ʻana mai ka ʻōlelo Latin, kapa ʻia ka inoa o kēia manu e like me ke "chubby", ma muli o ke ʻano nui a pōkā o ke poʻo, e hāʻawi ana i kahi ʻano like ʻole o kahi manu.
Nā hōʻailona waho
He ʻokoʻa nā ʻāpana o ka nahesa: ʻokoʻa ka lōʻihi o ke kino ma waena o 67-75 cm, a hiki i nā ʻēheu nā ʻāpana he 190 cm. E like me nā manu ʻē aʻe, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā wahine ma mua o nā kāne, akā he mau ʻala like like like o ka mau kāne o nā kāne like ʻole. I ke kūlohelohe, hiki ke ʻike ʻia e ka ʻili kukui o ke kino, kaomi me nā ʻalā uliuli a me nā ʻūhā, a me ka hiʻi hina-ʻulaʻula ma ke kua a me ka elytra. Hāʻawi ke kaukaʻi i kahi mea kahakaha. ʻO kahi poʻo liʻiliʻi me ka mākeke paʻa i lalo, nā maka melemū e nānā koʻikoʻi ana i kahi mamao, nā mākeke koʻikoʻi ua mākaukau i kēlā me kēia manawa e ʻohi koke i loko o ke kino o ka mea ʻai - ʻo ia ka hiʻohiʻona maʻamau o ka nahesa.
Ke noho maʻamau
ʻO ke ala o ke ola o ka nahesa ʻai e hoʻomau loa i ka lawe ʻana i ka mea ʻai kūpono wale no ia - ka nahesa. ʻO nā nāhelehele, nā mea make, nāhelehele, nā ʻōpū a me nā reptile ʻole i manu ʻole ka makemake nui o ka mea hoʻouluulu hulu manu. ʻO ka ʻili-ʻʻai e hānai i nā mālani wale nō i nā mea laha. ʻO ka ʻoki-ʻānai ʻo ia ke aliʻi o ka lele, hoʻopau ʻo ia i ka hapa nui o kona manawa ma ka lewa, ke ʻimi nei i kahi mea hiki paha mai luna. ʻO ka pinepine ma waena o ka nahesa a a me ka ʻoki a kaoʻa, e hakakā ʻia kahi kaua ikaika. Inā he loko ka nahe, pono ka nui o ka manu e lanakila.
He mau manu ʻokoʻa kēi leo kēia, e lohe ʻia ana kona leo i ka wā o ka moena. Hiki lākou i ka wā poperty i ke makahiki ʻekolu a ʻehā makahiki. Hoʻokahi nā kāne i hoʻokahi a hoʻokahi nō ke ola. Kūkulu ʻia nā mea ʻaihue i kahi nī liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi i ke ʻano o nā kumulāʻau ma luna o nā kumulāʻau, e uhi ana iā lākou me nā ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me nā ʻili ʻili. Hoohana pinepine ʻia ʻo ia nō ka palani no kekahi mau makahiki. E waiho ana ka wahine i kāna mau hua manu wale, a hiki i 47 lā. Hānau ʻia ka pēpē a nawaliwali ʻole. E hoʻomaka paha i 60 a 80 mau lā a hiki i ka ikaika e haʻalele i ka pūnana makua. I ka awelika, noho ka poʻe ʻai ʻoki ma kahi o 17 mau makahiki.
I loko o ke Kauka ʻAmelika o Lūkia
ʻO nā Predator kekahi o nā hui nui o nā mea ola ola, me ka ʻole o hiki ʻole ke mālama pono i kahi kaulike maoli i loko o nā holoholona hihiu. ʻO ka mea pōʻino, ʻo lākou ka mea ma mua e hāʻule i lalo o ka hoʻouka ʻana, no ka mea i hoʻopau ʻia e ka mea a i ʻole e hōʻike ʻia i nā mea weliweli o kekahi ʻano ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka ʻaeto hoka, hoʻokahi o nā manu hihiu a maikaʻi loa i nā manu manu Lūkia, ke kau inoa nei i loko o ka Red Book i kahi mea ulu sporadically. ʻO ka nui loa o ka heluna kanaka ʻo Rūsia he 3000 mau huina wale nō. Ua hoʻomaka ka helu o nā ʻano ʻano i ka wā waena o ke kenekulia XIX. ʻOiaʻiʻo, kēlā me kēia makahiki ka liʻiliʻi a me ka liʻiliʻi o nā biotopes kūpono no ke kūleʻa a me ka hopu ʻana i nā mea ʻai ʻoki.
Eia kekahi, ʻo ka nui o nā nahesa e hoʻoneʻe i nā wahi a pau, no laila e hoʻopilikia nui ʻia nā manu e nā mākeke meaʻai. Ua luku pū ʻia nā mea ʻai ʻokiʻoki, aia kahi manawa i hilinaʻi ʻia ke bonus no ka pepehi ʻana i kahi manu o ka waiwai. Ka makaʻala a me ka makaʻala, he ʻili nui ka poʻe nāhelehele i ka mea o ke ʻano hopohopo, a nui i ka wā hana. ʻAʻole ʻae ka manu i ke ola i loko o ka hoʻopio ʻana a ke nānā nui nei a hilinaʻi ʻole hoʻi i nā kānaka. Mālama ʻia nā holoholona i loko o nā wahi he nui i ka ʻāpana o ka Lūkia.
ʻIke maoli nō
ʻO ka poʻe i laki ka nānā pono i ke kaʻina hana e hānai ʻia ana nā kahe ʻāpala manuahi, he kiʻi nani loa kēia. He kāne a wahine paha, e lele ana i loko o ka pūnana, wehe ʻo ia i kona waha ākea, a hoʻomaka ka moa hana i ke kaʻina e huki ai i ka nahe i waho o ka ʻāʻī o ka makua. Hoʻomaopopo pinepine kēia manawa i kahi mau minuke 10 a i ʻole. Ke loaʻa nei ka pahuhopu, hoʻomaka ka ʻōpio e ale i ka nahe i kona iho, me ka nele ʻole o ke poʻo. Inā hoʻomaka hewa ka moa mai ka huelo, hoʻopio koke ʻo ia i ka nahe a hoʻomaka hou i ke kaʻina. ʻO ka pinepine, mau nō ka ola ʻana, no laila, pono nā pōkole e hōʻike i ka dexterity kūikawā a me ka wiwo e hiki ai i ka pākī.
ʻO ka wehewehe a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Ua hilahila kekahi poʻe i ka nahesa eawa me ka ʻaeto, akā ʻo ka mea nānā nui e ʻike i kahi like ʻole ma waena o lākou. Ua unuhi ʻia mai loko mai o ka Latin, ka inoa krachun ma ke ʻano he "alo maka". ʻO ke poʻo o ka nahesa e ʻai nui, pōpono, e like me ka hiwi. Ua kapa aku ka wahine Pelekane iā ia "i ka ʻaeto me nā manamana lima liʻiliʻi."
ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā manamana lima ma mua o nā ʻōpala, nā curles ʻeleʻele. Nui nā maka, ʻula a kuhikuhi i mua. Nānā mau me ke nānā aku. ʻO ka beak ka nui, ikaika, alakaʻi-hina, kūwaho nā ʻaoʻao, kūlou i lalo.
Hoʻopili ka ʻili. He ʻulaʻula-hina ke kala o ke kua o ka manu, ʻulaʻula ka wahi o ka ʻula, a ʻōlamu nā hulu ma ka ʻōpū me nā wahiʻeleʻele. Loaʻa nā kālai makaʻeleʻele ma nā ʻēheu a me ka huelo. Pahu a ʻulaʻula a me nā ʻāpana. Kele ʻokoʻa ka poʻe'ōpiopio i nā mea ʻoi aku a me nā kala ʻeleʻele. I kekahi manawa hiki ke hālāwai me ka nahesa ʻeleʻele.
E like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia, he nui ka nahesa, ʻo ka nui e like me ka kuʻe. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino o kekahi manu makua ua 75 cm, he mea kupaianaha nā ʻēheu (mai ka 160 a 190 cm). ʻO ka paona awelika maʻamau he 2 kg. ʻO ka wahine like ke kapa o nā kāne, akā ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o lākou (ʻo kēia mau moʻomeheu wahine).
ʻAi ʻai ʻO nā aloha i ka papa o nā manu, ke kauoha a Falconiformes, ka ʻohana o nā ʻae. Ke kūlohelohe nei, nui nā subspecies o nāhe-eater. ʻO ka mea kaulana loa e hōʻike mai ana.
- Kahi liʻiliʻi ka ʻile-eater maʻamau (a i ʻo 72 cm ka lōʻihi). ʻEleʻele ke kua, ʻāʻī a me ka ʻōpū ka māmā. ʻĀlamalama nā maka. ʻO ka manu ʻōpio he mau hiʻohiʻona like, e like me nā pākeke.
- Kūpono ka ʻeleʻele i ka lōʻihi e hiki i 68 cm, nā ʻēheu i nā ʻēheu o 178 cm, ke kaumaha a hiki i 2,3 kg. He poʻo a ʻeleʻele a poʻo paha ke poʻo (a laila ka inoa). ʻO ka ʻōpū a me ka ʻōpū o loko o nā ʻēheu he māmā.
- ʻO ka ʻōpū a ka ʻona ʻo Baudouin ka subspecies ka nui loa. ʻO nā ʻēheu he 170 cm. Ma ke kua, ke poʻo a me ka umauma, he a hina-brown. Mālamalama ka ʻōpū i nā kala me nā kīniʻi pōkole liʻiliʻi. ʻO nā wāwae he elongated hina.
- ʻO Brown ka ʻikepili nui loa o nā ʻano. ʻO ka lōʻihi maʻamau o 75 cm, nā sayia 164 cm, ke kino o ke kino a hiki i ka 2,5 kg. ʻEleʻele ka ʻaoʻao o ka ʻēheu a me ke kino, ʻōuli ke poʻo. Ma luna o ka kao wana he mau kukui māmā.
- He ākea ka nui o ka krachun kūloko Hema (ka lōʻihi ʻē aʻe ma mua o 60 cm). He kuaʻeleʻele ke kua a me ka umauma, he lōlihi ka pale o ke poʻo. Aia nā puʻupuʻu keʻokeʻo liʻiliʻi ma ka ʻōpū. Hoʻopili ʻia ka huelo me nā kaula keʻokeʻo lōʻihi.
- Kahiiao ka manu-eater he manu paʻa ia me nā ʻēheu ākea a me ka huelo liʻiliʻi. Kūpono mai ka hina a ʻeleʻele. Ma ke poʻo ke poʻo hāleʻele a keʻokeʻo (nona hoʻi ka inoa), ma ke ʻano he hauʻoli e puʻe ʻo ia.
Ma kahi o kēia mau subspecies, aia ko Hawaiʻi a me ka ʻoki ʻeke nāhele a kaona komohana. Ma Lūkia, aia nā Pākīpika a me Turkestan nā mea ʻoki ʻoki.
Mea ʻai
Kauʻai nahesa eʻai ana ʻikiʻiki ka palena, ua kaupalena paha ka papa kuhikuhi. ʻO ka hapanui pinepine, hānai nā manu i nā vipers, nā nakahi, nā ʻōpala, me nā snails, i kekahi manawa kokaʻa. I ka hoʻoilo, ua hāʻule ka hapanui o nā nahesa i kahi kūlana o ka animala i hoʻokuʻu ʻia, i ka wā e hoʻolōʻihi a e neʻe paha ke ola i ke ola, no laila ke kau nei lākou i kahi kūlana.
ʻO ka poʻe hānai puaʻa e mālama i kā lākou waiwai pio ma mua o ka awakea, i ka manawa e loaʻa ana kahi kiʻekiʻe i ka hana o nā reptile. E hana ana nā manu me ka uila uila, no ka mea ʻaʻohe ona manawa e pale aku ai. Eia kekahi, aia nā pale pale horny ma nā wāwae o nā manu, e mālama ana i ka pale hou.
Ma kahi o nā reptile, nā huluhulu manu i loaʻa i nā honu, nā kiʻuhiki, nā baki, nā hedgehog, nā manuahi, a me nā manu liʻiliʻi. Hoʻopau kahi manu hānai ʻelua i nā ʻīniha ʻelua nui i kēlā me kēia lā.
ʻO ka pilina a me ka lōʻihi
ʻO kā Snake-ʻai ka mea hana hou i kēlā me kēia manawa. Pono kekahi mau kāne i kekahi i kekahi no kekahi mau makahiki. He maʻalahi a maʻalahi nā haole mare. Holo nā kāne i nā wahine, a laila noho ka wahine ma luna o kahi lāʻau.
A laila kuʻu ʻo ke kāne i kekahi pōhaku i lalo o ka mita, a laila piʻi hou i ka lewa. Aia kekahi manawa i loko o kona ʻaka e paʻa ai i kahi mea make, ke hāʻule nei ʻo ia i ka lepo, i ka wā e hoʻopuka ana i nā kani ʻana.
Ma hope koke o ka hoʻi ʻana mai i nā wahi mahana (i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka pūnāwai), hoʻomaka nā manu e kūkulu i nā mea ulu manu. Ua kūkulu ʻia ia ma ka ʻaoʻao kiʻekiʻe o ka lāʻau a hiki ʻole i nā ʻenemi kuʻuna i ka hua. He ikaika nō ia, ua hoʻohana ka ʻohana iā ia i mau makahiki he nui, akā ʻaʻole pololei a heʻu ka nui.
ʻAʻole kūpono ke kāne i ka wahine ma ka pūnana: ʻike ʻia kona poʻo a me kona ʻili mai waho. Hoʻopili nā kāne ʻelua i ka hana hana ʻana, akā ʻoi aku nā kāne i ka manawa i hala, ka hoʻoikaika a me ka nānā pono ʻana i kēia. Aia ka ʻuʻu manu ma luna o nā pōhaku, nā kumulāʻau, a me nā lāʻau kiʻekiʻe.
ʻO nā mea waiwai no ka kūkulu ʻana he mau lālā a me nā puʻupuʻu. I ka awelika, ʻo ka pala ka 60 cm ka lōʻihi a ʻoi aku hoʻi ma mua o 25 cm ke kiʻekiʻe.ʻO ka ʻaoʻao i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka mauʻu, ʻala mau, ʻōmaʻomaʻo me nā ʻāpana o nā ʻili ʻili. Ke hoʻokau nei nā greens iā i nā pōmike a me ka pale o ka lā.
Lawe ʻia ʻo Masonry mai Malaki a Mei i ʻEulopa, ma Kekemapa ma Hindustan. ʻO ka hapa pinepine, ʻo kahi hua hoʻokahi i ka pipi. Inā kū ʻia nā hua he 2, a laila make kekahi ʻalekula, ʻoiai nā mākua e mālama i ka mālama ʻana i ka wā e ʻike mua ai ka ʻōpio mua. Ma muli o kēia, ua manaʻo ʻia ka poʻe ʻai i nā nahesa he manu līlū.
He keʻokeʻo nā hua, elliptical i kona ʻano. Makahiki ka manawa incubation he 45 lā. Lawe ke kāne i nā kuleana āpau i nā pēpē wahine a me nā keiki hou. Hana ka wahine i kāna lele mua i ka malama ma hope o ka huki ʻana o nā moa. U uhiʻi ʻia nā pēpē me ka fluff keʻokeʻo. I ka hihia, e hoʻoneʻe ka makuahine i ke kao i kahi ʻē aʻe.
I ka wā mua, ua hānai ʻia nā pēpē me ka iʻa ʻia, i ka wā e huli ai nā pēpē i 2 mau hebedoma hebedoma, ua hāʻawi ʻia nā nahesa liʻiliʻi. Inā hoʻomaka ka ʻōpio e ʻai i ka nahe mai ka huelo, koho nā mākua i ka mea pio a koi iā lākou e ʻai mai ka poʻo. Eia kekahi, hoʻāʻo lākou e lawe i ke pēpē i nahe ola no laila e aʻo holomua i ka hakakā me ka mea pio.
I nā makahiki 3 hebedoma, hiki i nā pipi ke kū i nā reptiles 80 cm lōʻihi a me 40 cm ākea. Pono nā manu ʻōpio e huki i nā meaʻai mai nā palahalaha o ko lākou mau mākua: ke lawe mai nei nā mākua i nā nahe a ola, kahi mea e huki ʻia e nā ʻili o ka huelo mai ka ʻāʻī.
I 2-3 mau mahina, lawe ʻia nā manu i ka ʻēheu, akā no 2 mau mahina e noho lākou "ma ka nui o ko lākou mau mākua". No ka manawa holo o ka hānai ʻana, hāʻawi ka makua i nā mea he 260 kahe. He 15 makahiki ka nui o ka nahesa-eater.
Nā Kūlana Kūʻai
ʻO kahi mea kupaianaha ka leo maikaʻi loa he leo maikaʻi loa kēia, e hoʻomanaʻo ana i ka kani o kahi flute a i ʻole Oriole. Lawe ʻo ia i ke mele ʻoliʻoli e hoʻi ana i kāna ʻohana hānau. He leo liʻiliʻi mele mele nā wahine. Hiki iā ʻoe ke nānā i ka haʻalulu me ka leʻaleʻa me ka leʻaleʻa. He maikaʻi maikaʻi loa ka manu, no laila e kolo ma ka lewa.
Hiki iā ia ke kani i nā hola he nui i ka lewa, ke ʻimi nei i ka mea pio. Ma ka ʻike ʻana i ka mea i hōʻino ʻia, e hoʻolei ana ʻo ia iā ia ma luna o ka ʻāina me ka pōhaku, ke hoʻomohala nei i kahi wikiwiki a hiki i 100 km / h, pālahalaha aku i kona mau wāwae a ʻāʻī i kāna mau ʻaka i loko o ke kino o ka nahesa. Me kekahi wāwae, e paʻa ai i ka nahesa i ke poʻo, ʻo kekahi ma ke kino, me ke kōkua o ke kuʻaka, e hoʻopā ana i nā tendons ma ka ʻāʻī.
Ke ola nei ka nahesa, ua ʻai mau ka mea moliki mai ke poʻo. ʻAʻole e haehae ʻo ia ia, e ale iā ia holoʻokoʻa. Me kēlā me kēia hili, hoʻokaʻawale ka ʻānai a ka ʻona. Snake-eater i ke kiʻi ka hōʻike pinepine ʻia me kahi naheka i loko o kāna ʻōpū.
ʻOiai e huki ana i ka nahesa meaʻai ʻākala maʻamau Hoʻopau iā ia iho i nā pōpilikia i kēlā me kēia manawa, ʻaʻole naʻe e make mau mai ka neʻe ʻana. ʻAi ʻia nā mea ʻai ʻokiʻoki, i kahi kūlana ʻehaʻeha. ʻOiai hiki ke hoʻolōʻihi iki ke lilo iā ia i kona ola.
Hiki i ka nahesa ke hoʻowalewale i ka manu mai ke poʻo a ka wāwae, a hoʻolilo i mea pio. ʻO ka pale koʻikoʻi o ka nahesa eʻai a he ikaika ka palu. ʻOkoʻaka ʻo Ornithologists i hōʻike ma mua o hoʻokahi manawa, ʻoiai ke kuʻi ʻia i ke kahe "ikaika" paʻa i kahi ʻoki i kona poʻo a hiki i ka make.
Hiki iā ʻoe ke nānā i nā manu e hele wāwae ma ka wāwae e kiʻi i ka meaʻai mai ka lepo. Eia kekahi, i ka wā i huki ai, e hele ana ka nahesa ʻai i ka wai pāpū, e hopu ana i ka waiwai e kona wāwae. Hiki ke ola o nā pākeke nona ke ʻole i ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻa punahele, akā e hānai wale ana i nā moa me nā nahesa.
I kekahi wā e ola ai, e ʻai ana ka nahesa e pili ana i 1000 mau nahesa. Ke emi nei ka nui o ka nahena-eater. ʻO kēia ma muli o nā kumu like ʻole: deforestation, poaching, ka hoʻemi ʻana o ka nui o nā reptile. No laila, ua kākau inoa ʻia kēia ʻano ma ka Buke Red.
Kāleka
No kekahi o nā mea hilahila a nani loa hoʻi e pili ana i nā poʻe haki manu, ʻaʻole i haʻi ʻia ke ʻano kala-brown kay ʻo ka ʻāpana dorsal o ke kino. I kēia hihia, nui nā huaʻōlelo nui o ka poʻe ʻoki ʻai.
- na pua ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele-iater - he kanaka i honu i ka hulu, i ke lōʻihi o 68 cm, me nā ʻēheu o 178 cm, ke kaupaʻa ʻana, ʻaʻole ia ma mua o 2.2-2.3 kg. Hoʻohana ʻia ke poʻo o kēia manu a me ka ʻāpana ʻāʻī me ka plumage o kahi ʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele a i ʻole ka ʻala ʻulaʻula. Ma ka wahi o ka ʻōpū a ma luna o nā eheu, aia nā wahi mālamalama. Hōʻike ʻia nā maka i ka ʻike ʻia o ka hue melemele gula.
- ʻO kā Baudouin ahā-eater he manu nunui nui ia o ka mea i loaʻa me ka eheu a hiki i 170 cm. Ma ka wahi o ke kua a me ke poʻo, a me ka umauma, aia kahi hina hina-brown. ʻO ka ʻōpū o kēia manu he ʻāpana māmā me ka loaʻa o nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o ke kala kala. ʻEleʻele hina nā wāwae o ke kala,
- ʻO ka ʻeke ʻākala ʻākala ka ʻelele nui o kēia ʻano. ʻO ka loa awelika kino o kekahi pākeke he 75 cm, me nā ʻēheo o 164 cm a me ke kaumaha o 2.3-2.5 kg. ʻO ka ʻōpū o ka manu, ka peʻe ʻia o nā kala ʻeleʻele, a ma ka ʻaoʻao o nā ʻēheu he ʻeleʻele hina. Hōʻuluʻulu ka ʻaoʻao o ka huelo me nā kaula uila.
- ʻO ka krachun ka mea hema hema he manu liʻiliʻi haʻahaʻa, ʻo ka lōʻihi o kona lōʻihi ma kahi o 58-60 cm.ʻO ka plumage o kaʻulaʻulaʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele e aia i hope a ma ka umauma o ka mea i hoʻolaha. Hōʻike ʻia ke poʻo i ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi pale pale brown. Ma kahi o ka ʻōpū i nā wahi liʻiliʻi o ke keʻokeʻo. ʻO ka hoʻolālā elongated huluhulu hiʻohiʻona he mau kāʻei keʻokeʻo lōʻihi.
ʻO nā ʻōpiopio i nā kala plumage i like me nā manu pākeke, akā loaʻa nā hulu ʻeleʻele. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka ʻāpana o ka ʻāʻī o kahi ʻoka ʻawaʻawa, i ka ʻona kala, a ʻo ka ʻōpū o ka manu i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e kahi ʻula keʻokeʻo me nā ʻano nui o nā ʻāpanaʻeleʻele. Hāʻawi ʻia nā ʻēheu o kahi pākeke pālua, me kona ʻū, me nā pale pōkole.
Pēlā a ʻike ʻia a ʻike ʻia: ʻO ka ʻōlani kumulāola ʻoliʻika (Dryotriorchis spectabilis), Hawaiʻi meka ʻ-eater (Eutriorchis astur), ʻĀpala palu heʻula (Philippine Spilornis holospilus), Sulawes palika ʻōpala ʻula (Spilornis rufipectus) Nicobar Crested Serpent Eater (Spilornis klossi), Andaman Crested Serpent Eater (Spilornis elgini) and Western Striped Serpent Eater (Circaetus cinerascens).
Hoʻoponopono maikaʻi i ke ʻano
ʻO nā wahine pākeke o ka ʻelemakule ʻelele o ka subfamily Snake-eater, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai nui, ʻike nui ʻia a ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o nā kāne, akā ʻaʻohe ʻano ʻē aʻe o ka ʻano plumage. Ma ka pilina me kekahi, ua ʻano like nā ʻōpua iʻa a me ka ʻaha kanaka a me ka pāʻani, no laila ʻike pinepine ʻia ʻoe i ke ʻano o nā kāne a me nā wahine.
He mea kupaianaha loa nō ka manaʻo ʻana o ke kāne krachun me kahi leo ʻono like ʻole e like me ke kani ʻana o kahi kani a he like paha me ke oli ʻana o kahi Oriole maʻamau. Hoʻokipa ʻia kēlā mele hauʻoli i ka wā e hoʻi ai ka manu i kahi ʻōpū. Hana nā wahine i kahi kani leo phonetically, akā me ka leo ʻilihune. Hoʻohālike ʻia ka mele duet e nā melodies i loaʻa i loko o nā kaomi lāʻau ʻeleʻele a me nā osprey.
ʻO Habitat, noho
I kēia lā, aia ka palena o nā mea ʻai ʻona. Puni ia i ka mokuna o North West Africa a me South Eurasia. Aia ka manu o ka manuʻa ma ke komohana ʻākau ma ke komohana ʻākau o Palearctic, a me India i ka ʻākoʻaoʻo India.
ʻO ka hele ʻana o nā kānaka ʻōiwi e ʻike ʻia i nā ʻāpana o nā kūlaki Arabian, ma nā Mokupuni o Lesser Sunda, a iā Inner Mongolia hoʻi. ʻO ka maʻamau pinepine loa, loaʻa nā ʻelele o kēia ʻano i kēia mau ʻāina: ʻo Sepania, Maghreb, Pokukala, ʻo ia hoʻi i ka Apennines a me nā Balkans, ma Central Central i ka ʻaoʻao hikina o Lake Balkhash.
No ka hoʻouka ʻana, koho nā mea hoʻohālikelike o ka ʻohana nahe Snake e ʻai i ka ʻākau komohana ʻĀpana Hema, hema a waena o Europa, ka ʻāina Caucasus a me Asia Minor, me ka Middle East a me Kazakhstan.
ʻO ka ʻai ʻawaʻaka
ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona ʻai a nā mea ʻona ʻaila i hōʻike ʻia e kekahi mea hoʻohui ʻihiʻī, no laila ua palena kā lākou papa kuhikuhi a hōʻike ʻia e nā ʻūpī, nāhelehele, nā ʻeke a me nā mea aʻa. I kekahi manawa he manu hoʻoili i ka mōʻī. Me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka manawa hoʻoilo, nui nā nakahi i koho i kahi wahi paʻa i hāʻule i loko o kahi kūlana o ke kāpae i waiho wale ʻia a noho i loko o ka noho hoʻomālamalama, ka mea e wehe i ka wā hopu no ka poʻe ʻoki ʻai.
Hoʻomaka ka poʻe huluhulu manu me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke awakea, i ka manawa i ʻike ʻia ai ka hana nui loa o nā reptile. ʻO nā mea maʻamau i hōʻeuʻeu i kahi manu e make ai, he mau nahesa liʻiliʻi, a me nā nahesa ʻona, a me ka viper, gyurza a me nā muzzle. Hana ʻia nā hana māmā e ka manu, e kōkua ana e pale aku i kahi mea pane. ʻO nā pale pale Horn ma luna o nā wāwae e mālama pū me ka pale no ka manu.
ʻO ka ʻoki a me ka ʻoki a me ka honu, ka ʻōpū a me nā poli, nā kiole a me nā poli, nā manu a me nā ʻūlio kekahi, a e ʻai ana nā manu hānai ʻelua e like me nā ʻīlio ʻelua ma kahi o ke ao.
Pahu a keiki
Nā ʻāpana ʻai, nā kāne hou i kēlā me kēia manawa. ʻO kekahi manawa mālama mau nā kāne i kekahi i kekahi no kekahi mau makahiki. Eia nō hoʻi, i nā huakaʻi huakaʻi a nā mākaʻi o nā ʻohana Hawk a me ko ka hui kaulike o Hawk, ʻaʻohe hanana ikaika ʻole. Mahea malia ma kahi he ʻumikumamālima mau kekelima, a ma hope iho o kahi paʻa o nā ʻēheu e ʻiwi hou i nā manu. I kekahi manawa ke hali aku nei nā kāne makua i ka reptile make i kā lākou mau puʻupuʻu i mua o kā lākou mea i koho ʻia, e hāʻule mau ana i ka lepo. Hoʻoikaika ia ʻano hana me ke kani ʻana.
Hoʻomaka ka kūkulu ʻia ʻana o ka manu o ka manu ma hope o ka hoʻi ʻana mai i nā wahi mahana, i ka lā o Malaki, akā ma Indochina, ua hele a keu nā mea ʻai ʻoki i ka mahina o Nowemapa, ma hope koke o ke pau ʻana o ke kau manina. ʻO nā hui ʻelua e komo i ka hana hana i ka manawa like, akā ʻo ia nō nā kāne e uku nui aku, ʻoi aku ka manawa a me ka hana hou ʻana i kā lākou pūnana. Aia nā ʻuʻu manu ma nā pōhaku a me ka hapa apikal o nā kumulāʻau, ma luna o nā lāʻau kiʻekiʻe, a hāʻawi ʻia ka makemake i ka pine a puna.
O ke anawaena o ka pili o nā pua a me nā puʻupuʻu he 60 cm, me ke kiʻekiʻe oʻoi aku ma mua o ka hapaha mika, a ʻo ka ʻaoʻao o ka manu i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me ka mauʻu, nā pua ʻōmaʻomaʻo a i ʻole nā hulu manu. Lawe ʻia ʻo Masonry mai Malaki a hiki i Mei ma ka ʻāpana o ka Europa, a ma Hindustan - i ka lā Dekemaba. Hoʻopili maikaʻi ʻia nā hua ma ke ʻano a keʻokeʻo ma ke kala. Lawe ʻia ka manawa incubation ma kahi o 45-47 lā. Kuleana āpau no ka hānai ʻana i ka pipi wahine kīkēlī e kau ma luna o nā poʻohiwi o ke kāne, no laila, mākaukau ka makua no ka lele hoʻokolohua hoʻokahi mahina ma hope o ka hānau ʻana o nā pipi.
I ka wā mua, ua ʻai nā keiki i nā ʻāpana ʻoki, akā mai nā hebedoma ʻelua ua hānai ʻia nā pipi me nā naʻi liʻiliʻi. I nā makahiki he ʻekolu, hiki i nā moa o ka ʻohana Hawk a me ka ʻohana Hawk ke kūʻokoʻa kūʻokoʻa i nā ʻano like he 40 mm ka lōʻihi a hiki i ka 80 cm ka lōʻihi, a i kekahi manawa hiki i nā manu ʻōpio ke huki koke i nā meaʻai mai nā kolo o ko lākou mau mākua. Ma ke kau he ʻelua a ʻekolu paha mau makahiki o ka ulu ʻana i nā ʻuala, akā no kekahi mau mahina ʻelua ke noho e nā manu ma ka lilo o nā mākua.
ʻAe hele i ka wā ʻōlapa a piha ka ʻelemakule i kona mau makahiki ʻelima, i ka manawa i hiki ai i nā ʻelele o nā ʻano ke ʻano kūʻokoʻa i ke kīnā ʻana a mālama pono i kā lākou pua.
Kaona a me ke kūlana o nā ʻano
Hōʻike ʻia ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka nohona ma ka luku ʻia ʻana o nā wahi laulima kūlohelohe a me kahi ʻike hoʻēmi ʻana i ka hāʻawi ʻia ʻana o nā meaʻai, no laila, ua hōʻike ʻia nā mākaʻi o nā manu manu make i pau, a ʻike ʻia i nā ʻaoʻao o ka Red Book of Russia a me ka Red Book of Belarus. ʻO ka nui o ka heluna holoʻokoʻa o ka lehulehu o ʻEulopa i kēia manawa ʻaʻole iʻoi aku i ʻeono a ʻehiku mau tausani paha kanaka.