Kāleka

Hoʻomaka mākou i ka wehewehe o nā kolamu holoholona me kona helehelena. Hoʻopuka ka poʻe pākeke i nā nui e pili ana i 50 cm ka lōʻihi. Ma ka hapakolu o ke kino ka huelo. ʻO ka paona o ka kolamu e hiki ke piʻi aku i 800 gram a i ʻole.

ʻO ka holoholona kahi elongated kino, kahi i hōʻike ʻia e ka ʻāwīwī nui a me ke ʻano. He pōkole pōkole nā ​​kolamu, ma nā manamana lima o kona mau ʻāpana membranous. ʻO nā maka ʻeleʻele liʻiliʻi e hāleu i ka muzzle koi. ʻO kēia ʻanoʻano o ke aloha a me ka ferret i nā pepeiao pepeiao liʻiliʻi.

ʻO ka haʻaheo maoli o ka holoholona kona nani, palulu kapa. ʻO ka koleke huluhulu he kumu o ka ocher i ka hoʻoilo. Me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kauwela, hāʻawi kahe i ka pona ʻula i ke kala i kahi manu. Hoʻohana ʻia ka muzzle me nā keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo a me kahi ʻeleʻele uliuli kokoke i nā maka.

Hoʻaiho

ʻO ka kolamu, kahi kiʻi e hiki ke ʻike ʻia i kā mākou paʻi, he mea maʻamau loa i ka Far East. Loaʻa ka nui o nā holoholona o ia mau holoholona i nā ululā Ural, i Yakutia, Siberia a me Primorye. Hōʻike pinepine ʻia nā ʻelele o nā ʻano ma ka ʻāpana ʻEulopa o Rusia. Kūleʻa pinepine nā kolamu Siberia i ka ʻāina o nā moku e pili ana, a ma China wale nō.

ʻO ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā hale noho hou no nā holoholona i hilinaʻi ʻia ma ka like o ka nahele, ka nui o ka mea i hoʻopio, ka hele ʻana o ka ʻāina me kahi lāʻau make a me ka weliweli. Ke hoʻāʻo nei nā ʻelele o nā ʻano holoholona e pale i nā kikowaena ākea. ʻO nā holoholona i like loa e like me nā palahui mauna, ua nui ʻia me nā lāʻau ākua, aia kahi kokoke i nā kahawai a me nā kahawai. Ma ka taiga, ʻike mau ʻia kahi kolamu ma nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe ma luna o hoʻokahi a me ka hapalua mau mile ma luna o ke kai.

Piʻi pinepine nā ʻelele o nā ʻano i nā wahi i noho ʻia e nā kānaka. E hoihoi ana kēia kolamu i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā rodents liʻiliʻi, a me ka manawa kūpono e ʻaina ai i ka moa. ʻO kahi hālāwai me kahi holoholona e hoʻokokoke kokoke ana i kahi lōʻihi loa. ʻO kahi ʻano like ʻole ma muli o ka nolo ʻana o ka holoholona no ka loaʻa ʻole o ka ʻai.

Mea ʻai

He poʻomanaʻo ka ʻala i ka wā ʻōiwi. ʻO ke kumu o ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka holoholona, ​​he mau rodents liʻiliʻi, e like me nā kiʻina a me nā hamsters. Ma nā wahi kiʻekiʻe, nā kolu i pio i ka pika. ʻAʻole ʻae nā ʻelima o nā ʻano i ka manu liʻiliʻi, inā he hanana like ia.

Loaʻa nā kolamu nui loa e hopu i ka hares. Inā nui nā hale kō e noho ana i ka hale i noho ʻia e kekahi nui o nā muskrats, hiki i kēia mau holoholona ke hopu a ʻai i kā lākou mau lālā.

ʻO kekahi manawa i manaʻo ʻia nā iʻa liʻiliʻi a me ka baki i kahi mea ʻai no ke kolamu. I ka wā he nui e pōloli loa, hiki i nā māla o nā ʻano ke hoʻopiha i nā mea manuʻai a ʻo ka ʻawa hoʻi.

ʻAno hānau

Hoʻonui pinepine nā kolamu holoholona i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā lā mahana wela. I loko o kēia manawa, lilo nā mākaʻikaʻi o nā kāne i nā mea ulu ʻole o ka hoʻomaha a me ka hōʻeuʻeu. Hoʻokele ʻo Males i ko lākou manawa a pau e ʻā nā wahine a aneane e poina e pili ana i ka pono e loaʻa ai ka meaʻai.

ʻO ka wā hoʻomaha ke lōʻihi o kahi mahina ma kahi mahina. I kēia manawa manawa, hoʻopili ʻo nā wahine i nā mink palekana no lākou iho, kahi lākou i hani ai i ka hua. Hōʻalo nā holoholona, ​​ma ka awelika, 6-10 cubs. I nā hihia i make ai ka brood, pono ke poʻo o ka wahine ma ka lua o ka manawa a hānau i nā pēpē i ka makahiki hoʻokahi.

Hānau ʻia nā holoholona hūnā ʻole, makapō a ʻole i nā mea ʻole ʻole. ʻO ka nui o nā cubs i ka manawa hānau ai he mau minamina wale nō. ʻAʻole waiho nā wahine wahine i kā lākou pēpē a hiki i ka wā e wehe ai i ko lākou mau maka a loaʻa ke kaumaha.

Kaʻi ʻana o nā makuahine i ka mālama ʻana i nā keiki ma hope o kekahi mau mahina i hala. Ma ka wā e pono ai, hiki i nā poʻe ʻōpio ke nui i nā nui i kūpono ʻole i nā ʻāpana o nā holoholona makua. I kēia manawa hana, neʻe lākou i nā ʻohana, haʻalele i ko lākou makuahine a hoʻomaka e alakaʻi i kahi noho kūʻokoʻa.

ʻO ka wehewehe a me nā hiʻohiʻona

Hoʻoulu ke kolamu o nā pākeke i 50 cm ka lōʻihi, kahi o 1/3 ʻo ka huelo. Kuhi iki ka nui o ka holoholona o ka holoholona i ka nui o 800 g. He mau pōkole nā ​​holoholona liʻiliʻi, kahi mau maka kuʻi, nā maka nui a keu, a me nā pepeiao pepeiao. ʻO ka kolana i kahi kino elongated, kūpono a me ka neʻe. ʻO ka haʻaheo kūikawā o ka holoholona kona hulu nani, e hoʻololi i kahi kala i hilinaʻi i ka manawa o ka makahiki. No laila, i ka hoʻoilo, he poʻokela ka mommalian hair me ka tint i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia. Ma ka maka, ua ʻike ʻia nā wahi o ke keʻokeʻo a me kahi kākele ʻeleʻele maʻamau e puni ana i nā maka.

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He ʻano like ʻole ka huluhulu Itatsi me ka hoʻoilo. I ka hoʻoilo, he lūlū ka meli a me ka mānoanoa, i ke kauwela - ʻoi aku ka puʻu loa

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E aloha ana nā mea ʻōlelo i nā wahi noho. Pane nui ʻia ka holoholona e ke ʻano o nā iole, ka ʻīwī a me nā kiʻi. Ma ka manu hihiu, makemake ka mammal e noho kokoke i nā nahele coniferous a deciduous, kahi e loaʻa ai nā keiki he nui. ʻAʻohe wahi maikaʻi ia i nā wahi i ʻike ʻia iā ia, makemake lākou i ka taiga duwana e kū ana ma ka muliwai a i ʻole a i ka ʻaoʻao o ka mauna.

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Nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe

ʻO ka kolana he holoholona ia e like me nā haʻu nui a me nā ʻaʻeʻe manu e makemake nui i ka hopu. ʻO ka nui o nā holoholona e noho kokoke i nā wahi noho kanaka e hiki ke hōʻemi i nā ʻīlio hakakā. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa pinepine nā kamaʻilio e lilo i mau pio no nā ʻalopeke a me nā ʻalū.

Ke alakaʻi nei nā holoholona i kahi hakakā maoli me nā minks. Ma ka maʻamau ʻo ko lākou noho ʻana i ka ʻāina like. Hoʻokipa pinepine nā ʻelele o nā ʻano ʻano i nā hakakā no ka ʻāina. Eia kekahi, hakakā ka minks a me nā kolamu i ka mea hope loa. ʻO ka mea lanakila nā mea nāna e hoʻokō ola.

ʻLelo holoholona

ʻO nā holoholona he holoholona nocturnal. Holo lākou i ka lulū a ʻaʻole i palena ʻia i kekahi mau ʻāina. Hiki i nā ʻōmaka ke hele ma kahi o 10 km i ka manawa. I ka pō, wīwī liʻiliʻi nā maka o ka holoholona me kahi waihoʻoluʻu ʻulaʻula. ʻO nā mea kamaʻilio maikaʻi he mau lawena maikaʻi a hopu i ka waiwai i loko o ka hoʻoilo hoʻoilo. Hiki iā lākou ke hana i ko lākou ala ma lalo o ka hoʻoilo a 50 cm hohonu.

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ʻAʻole kūkulu nā kolala i kā lākou iho ponoʻī. Noho lākou he mau wahi haʻalele, a aia paha i loko o nā ʻuʻu lāʻau, ma lalo o nā lālā lāʻau. Loaʻa i nā holoholona kekahi mau puʻupuʻu e hoʻomaha ai, e hilinaʻi ana i ko lākou makemake a me kahi i loaʻa ai. ʻAʻole hānau ʻia nā mākaʻikaʻi, no ka mea ʻae lākou i ka malulu nui i nā hale mahana, kahi hiki ʻole iā lākou ke hele i waho i kekahi mau lā. E kiʻi i ka wahi kūpono, hoʻolako koke ka holoholona i nā lele koke.

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Ka ʻeha ʻia nā holoholona, ​​hele nā ​​a me nā lālani. ʻO ka "leo" ʻo ka holoholona me he chirping a tweeting paha.

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ʻĀnō ke ola

Noho ke kolamu i ko lākou wahi maoli no ka hapanui o nā makahiki he 4. Eia naʻe, ke mālama ʻia ka holoholona i ke pio, hiki i kēia manawa ke hoʻonui i kekahi mau manawa. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻo nā mea wale nō o nā ʻano i hoʻohālikelike ʻia i ke kelepona e kūlike i ka ʻikepona a me ka pōʻino ʻole. ʻO nā holoholona i hopu ʻia i loko o nā hale noho huli pinepineʻole i ka paʻakikī a me ka weliweli i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe.

ʻO ka waiwai lawaiʻa

Kahi ʻia ka hulu kolu i ka ʻoihana lole. He mea kūpono ia no ka wā kahiko ua kokoke nā ʻohana Soviet a i kēlā me kahi pāpale ma kahi o nā ʻili o kēlā mau holoholona. I kēia manawa, hoʻohana nui nā kāʻei hulu manu i ka hoʻokumu ʻana ʻana i nā huahana mea kūʻai nui.

Hoʻoikaika & Habitat

ʻO ka haʻi'ōlelo he holoholona holoholona Asia. ʻIke ʻia ma nā wahi mokupuni o Iapana, Korea, Kina. Ma Lūkia, ua noho ʻo ia i ka mokupuni, nā ulu lāʻau ʻaluna a palu ʻia paha, nā ʻoka lāʻau i ka ʻaoʻao hema o ka Far East a me Siberia a me nā mauna Ural.

He mea makemake no ka home o ka kolamu no ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi kōpana. Noho aku ana ia ma kahi o nā kahawai o nā muliwai, nā kapa o nā loko me nā ʻalaʻu loloa a i ʻole ma ka pali o nā māla. Loaʻa ʻia ma nā wahi lāʻau ma nā pili o nā mauna. Piʻi ia i ke kiʻekiʻe o 1,8000 km ma luna o ke kai. Aloha nui ʻo ia i nā nahele me nā lāʻau ākea.

Noho a ke Kakauolelo kokoke a pili i nā noho i hoʻokaʻawale i nā kumuwaiwai meaʻai (nāhelehe, nā kiʻi). ʻO Cunyas e hana i ke ahiahi a i ka pō, akā ʻaʻole i hōʻike ʻia kēia. Holo pinepine ka holoholona i ka hopu ʻana i ke kauwela a me nā hau hau hau.

ʻAʻole e like me ka sable, kahi e kali nei i ka mea e pio ai, ʻo ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia e ka poʻe ʻōlelo ma mua o kona ʻāina, e nānā ana ma lalo o ka kumulāʻau lāʻau Hiki ke hōʻoki a komo i loko o ka lua lepo o ka rodents. E hele ana kahi mea lawaiʻa maikaʻi loa, e loaʻa i nā mea i ka meaʻai nā loko.

I waena o nā martyr, ʻo ka hoʻokele waiwai nui. Hana pinepine ʻo ia a ʻoi aku ka pīhoihoi ma mua o nā mea e hana ʻana i nā pantry pona i nā honu o nā kumulāʻau a ʻeli wale nō ka ʻeli ma ke hau. No kahi puka i waho o ka puʻukū o nā kolamu e holo ana a i ʻewalu mau mile i ka ʻimi o ka waiwai.

Ina ua pōkole ʻo ia e hopu i ka mea nui, hoʻi ʻo ia i ka home, i kēlā lā ʻaʻole ia e haʻalele. Aia nā poka Chipmunk ma lalo o ka pale, aia ka liʻiliʻi mai ka ʻōpū, kahi i waena o nā aʻa lāʻau pala, nā ʻōpala o nā lālā maloʻo.

I nā mahina mahana, ʻoi aku ka ikaika o kunyi. Na'ōlelo i ka hoʻoilo i loko o ka hiu nui aiʻole ka blizzard i kekahi mau lā ʻaʻole e haʻalele i kona home. I Sakhalin, ua kau ʻia kahi hui o nā hehal i kahi pā. Manaʻo Siberians e ma ka wē nui, marten hibernate. Akā wehewehe ka poʻe ʻepekema i ka haʻalele ʻana i ka hapa nui o ka manawa e ʻimi nā holoholona ma lalo o ka hoʻoilo, no laila ʻike ʻole lākou.

Hōʻalo nā holoholona a hānai i ka hāʻule, i ka wā e hoʻoholo ʻia nā palena o nā pūnaewele hou i ka wā e kū ʻia ai nā holoholona ʻōpiopio a me Pepeluali ma mua o ka wā hoʻohālikelike. ʻO ka pou i noho ʻia, holoholona holoholona ʻōiwi, akā aloha no kona pūnaewele ma muli o ka wahi noho.

Ua hōʻike ʻia nā ʻike makaahi o kekahi mau kānaka a hiki i kekahi mau makahiki ke noho ma kahi hoʻokahi, ʻoiai ʻē ke hele ʻana ma kahi mamao i ka hoʻoilo, i ka hoʻoilo, ʻaʻohe ka ʻai o nā meaʻai.

Hoʻopili pili nā wahine ma ko lākou ʻāina, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā kāne. ʻO ka nui o ka pālahalaha e ʻokoʻa mai ʻewalu mau hekena i ʻelima mau kilomika mau ʻāpana. Me ka nohona ka nui o ka hoʻoponopono, ʻaʻole mālama nā holoholona i nā palena, e kaʻi aku ana i nā kahua o nā wahi hopu. ʻAʻole loaʻa i ko lākou ʻāina ponoʻī kekahi o kā lākou ʻāina. Ua lanakila lākou i ka meaʻai a hiki i ka 15-20 km a kali no ka make ʻana o ko lākou hoahānau piliʻohana i kāna kumumanaʻo.

Ma nā wahi mauna, ʻike ʻia nā neʻe maʻamau. I ke kau kauwela-kauwela ke makemake nā holoholona i nā wili i kāwili ʻia ma ka ʻaoʻao, a kokoke i ka hoʻoilo i ka wā i hele ai lākou i ka wai o nā kahawai. Hoʻākāka nā Zoologists i nā neʻe kūloko o nā kolamu i nā waikahe he nui, ka wai o ke kahakai i ke kauwela.

I nā wahi ākea, i nā wahi i nā ʻāpana, e kū mai ana nā loina i ka wā i hoʻohiolo iki ʻia ai ka nui o ka meaʻai a nui nō hoʻi ka hina o ka hau, ua hoʻokumu ʻia kahi ʻiʻo mānoanoa. He maʻalahi ka kolamu e hoʻokaʻawale i nā kuʻekuʻe o nā martens.

I ke kauwela, ʻaʻole lele ka holoholona, ​​akā e hele ana ma nā wāwae. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻonaʻokoʻa o nā kuʻekuʻe, ʻo ia ka ʻeka o ka wāwae i waiho ma mua o ke alo. I ka hoʻoilo, e hoʻoheheʻe ai ke kūloko, ʻo ka lōʻihi ma waena o ka hapalua mika.

ʻO ka ʻōpio, ka pōlio, sable, mink, lynx ʻo nā ʻenemi maoli ke kumu o ka kolamu. Hoʻopili i nā mammals, nā ʻaeto nui, nā ʻūlū nui, a me ka mea nui i nā mea ʻokiʻoki i nā martens. ʻO nā pōʻino nui i nā helu e hoʻoulu ʻia e nā alopeke a me nā ʻāpana. I nā wai wai o nā kolamu, e hoʻokūkū me ka mink, e komo ana i ka hakakā ʻole me ka hakakā. ʻO nā hihia o ka make o nā holoholona e holo ana i ka wai mai ka hoʻouka ʻana i ka iʻa, taimen a me nā pike i ʻike ʻia.

ʻAi pinepine ka kolamu i nā koena o ka pāʻani i loaʻa e nā mea ʻē aʻe. Ma kahi o ka hoʻokūkūʻana me nā manu e hānai ana i nā rodents, nā mea ulana, nā ermines, nā nahelehele, he mea palaa kekahi. ʻO ka ʻoi ʻana i ka lula a me ka hoʻokuʻu i nā kolamu mai ko lākou mau wahi i noho nui ʻia, ʻike nā zoologists i kahi ʻano kūlohelohe. E hoʻi aku nā Sables i ko lākou wahi i noho ʻia ma ka wā paʻa e ka poʻe malihini.

Maikaʻi kahi kahi ʻōlelo e hoʻoiho i ka ola ma ke pio, akā pono ia i ka nānā nui a me ke ahonui. Makemake ʻo ia e komo i loko o nā puʻu, piʻi i nā pale ma nā ʻano o cornices, hiki ke huki i nā wāwae o nā cabinets. No laila, mālama ʻia ka holoholona i loko o kahi paʻa, a e hele wāwae a puni ka hale noho ma lalo o ka mālama. Ke hoʻololi nei ka noho ʻana i ka hale i ka nohona o ka holoholona. Hoʻopili ke kākāʻōlelo i ke ʻano o ka host.

Hoʻohana ʻia ka meaʻai ma ka hale kūʻai holoholona, ​​kahi lākou e hāʻawi ai i nā iole ola wale nō, akā ʻo ka meaʻai kūikawā hoʻi no nā ferrets. Pono ka holoholona i ka wai, no laila e pono ka nui o ka wai i loko o ka aila.

E mahalo wau inā hiki iaʻu ke hāʻawi i kahi manawa e hoʻokaʻawale ai i loko o ka ʻauʻau. ʻUstomlelo maʻalahi ke kākāʻōlelo i ka pā. Me ka noho lōʻihi e hoʻopili ʻia i nā lālā o ka ʻohana. E lilo i ka aloha, a i ka pīhoihoi.

Nā palapala like

Moramona o ka genus Hypericum L., mea hoʻomohala ʻauhau. ʻO nā hōʻailona a me nā kahalaha o nā ʻanoʻano o ke ʻano. ʻO ka mōʻaukala a me ka'āina o nā kalapona o ka hōʻiliʻili o ka genus Hypericum L. Bioecological analysis, nānā obsological. ʻO ka maloʻo ka hoʻoilo a me ka hoʻoilo.

thesis [4.8 M], hoʻohui 03.11.2015

ʻO keʻano o ka ʻohana squirrel. ʻO ka Habitat, kaʻai a me ka hoʻoulu, nā noho ola. Noho ʻana o ka nohona ma ke ʻano o nā chipmunks, ko lākou pūnana ma lalo o nā aʻa o nā kumulāʻau, forage a me ka hānau ʻana. Kālā Gopher i loko o nā ululāʻau ala-steppe a me nā ʻanuʻu steppe.

hōʻike [2,3 M], hoʻohui 03/15/2015

ʻO ka puʻuwai, nā hiʻohiʻona ola a me nā ʻano o nā moʻo hihiu. Liona, tiger, jaguar, leopadi, leopele leʻe (irbis), lynx, caracal a Cougar - ko lākou olaʻana a me ka meaʻai, ka ʻano, hoʻoulu. ʻO ke kūlana o ka heluna kanaka a me ka pale o nā pōpoki manu, kā lākou kuleana ma ke kūlohelohe.

hōʻike [541.5 K], hoʻohui 02/14/2012

He ʻano keiki ʻo Lynx o nā moʻomeheu civoli karnivorous. ʻO kahi wehewehe pōkole o nā ʻano o ka lynx: Eurasian (maʻamau), Kanata, Spanish (Iberian) a me ka lynx ulaula. Lynx ola, meaʻai a me ka hoʻoulu. Hoʻopau i nā holoholona a me ko lākou pale.

Abstract [32,4 K], hoʻohui 03/11/2012

ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona o kahi bea brown. ʻO ke ola maʻamau, kaʻaiʻai, hoʻoulu a me ka hoʻoili. ʻO ke ola pākuʻi piliona. Ka pae kūlana a me ke kūlana no ke kanaka. Pili ka ola i loko o ke ʻano. ʻO nā wahi punahele no ka hoʻoilo. ʻO ka lōʻihi, ke kaumaha o nā kanaka nui nui Kamchatka.

hōʻike [2,1 M], hoʻohui 12/23/2014

ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona o ka hoʻolālā a me ke ola o nā momi. ʻO nā kino o ka lua, ka wahī a me ke ʻano o nā mammals. ʻO ke kumu, hoʻopuka a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka momona. ʻO nā hui kaiaulu nui o nā momi. ʻO ka waiwai o nā mammals a me kā lākou pale.

Abstract [25,3 K], hoʻohui 03/07/2010

ʻO ke kumumanaʻo a me ke ʻano o ka ulu pulmonaria, kāna wehewehe mua a me ka hoʻopuka. ʻO nā ala o ka hoʻoulu ʻana iā Lungwort, ka mea mālama maoli, nā maʻi a me nā pōpoki. ʻO ka wehewehe ʻana i nā ʻano ʻano ʻano nui ʻo Pulmonaria i loko o ka moʻomeheu. ʻO ka hoʻohana nui ʻana o Lungwort i nā māla huaʻai.

term pepa [4.7 M], hoʻohui 1/27/2018

ʻO ke kaʻana o ka foʻo Arctic, ka hoʻolālā kanaka a me ka hana hou o ka holoholona, ​​kona koʻikoʻi a me ka hoʻoulu. ʻO ke ʻano, ke ola a me ka mea ʻai o ka ʻōpio Arctic, nā mea e pili ana i ka nui a me ka hoʻoili. ʻO ka hoʻololi o ka lauoho lauoho i ka ʻaluna ʻo Arctic i nā kūlana kūlohelohe.

term pepa [31.5 K], hoʻohui 10.24.2009

ʻO ka māhele a me ka noho ʻana o nā ʻīlio, kā lākou ʻano, ke ʻano a me ka meaʻai. Pili ka nohona a me ka hana hou a nā mākaʻi o nā ʻanoʻano o nā ʻīlio. ʻO nā hana, nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ola i ka pā, hopu. Hōʻalo nā ʻōiwi manuahi a me nā hōʻailona ʻē aʻe.

Abstract [60.3 K], hoʻohui 03/04/2012

ʻO ka wehewehe ʻana i nā ʻano "Fact Arctic fox". ʻO ke ʻano a me ke olakino o ka mika no Arctic, e pālahalaha a puni ka honua. ʻO ka hoʻolālā ʻenehana a me ka hana hou. E pili ana i nā mea kumu i ka nui a me nā ʻoihana o ka helu kālā. ʻO ka ʻimi no ka ʻalopona Arctic a me ko lākou koʻikoʻi i ka hoʻokele. ʻŌnaehana ʻōnaehana o nā ʻano a me nā haʻahaʻa.

Abstract [34.5 K], hoʻohui 06/15/2017

Hoʻolālā nani ia nā hana ma nā waihona pūnaewele e like me nā koi o nā kulanui a loaʻa nā kiʻi, nā kiʻi, nā hoʻohālikelike, etc.
Hāʻawi ʻia nā faila PPT, PPTX a me nā faila ma nā waihona pūnaewele.
Hoʻokomo ʻia e hoʻoiho i ka hana.

Nā hiʻohiʻona a me ka noho maʻamau

Kākoʻo - holoholona a i ke 50 cm lōʻihi, he ʻakolu hoʻi ka huikau.Kuhi ka holoholona i ka awelika o 700-800 g. Hoʻolaha ʻia ke kino, hōʻailona ʻia e ka hoʻokolohua kūikawā. ʻO nā wāwae puʻupuʻu me nā membranes maikaʻi ʻole, e hōʻike ana i nā maka ma ke kau ʻana, kahi pepeiao liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi.

ʻO ka hulu nani ka mea haʻaheo kūikawā o ka kamaʻāina. Hoʻolaha ka bula me ka hoʻoilo. ʻO ka hulu ma ka huelo i hoʻopihapiha hou ʻia i ke kala ma mua o ke kua a i ʻole ka ʻōpū paha.

Hoʻohana ʻia ka muzzle me nā hiʻohiʻona keʻokeʻo maʻamau i ka ihu a me kahi ʻeleʻele uliuli a puni nā maka. ʻO ke kala kala o nā wāwae ma nā wāwae o ka holoholona a me ka hulu māmā o ka undercoat e hōʻike nui i ka nani o ka kapa huluhulu.

Heʻokoʻa ka hoʻāla ʻana o ke kapa i ka wā: ʻo ka nani a me ka pālahalaha ka maʻamau no ke kau anuanu, a i ke kauwela, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka huluhulu a ʻoi aku ka pōkole ma mua o ka hoʻoilo. Noho ka kolamu i nā wahi o ka Hikina Hema, nā ululāʻau Ural, nā wahi ʻili o Siberia, Primorye, Yakutia. ʻIke ʻolua i ka ʻāpana ʻĀina o ko mākou ʻāina. ʻIke lākou i ka kolamu ma Kina, Iapana, ma ka Penina Kūleʻa.

Ke ʻano o ka hoʻopulapula o nā ʻāpana āpau i ke kahe ʻana o nā ulu coniferous a deciduous me ka nui o nā rodents, a me nā loko wai i hoʻoulu ʻia me nā kumulāʻau, me ka loaʻa ʻana o ka makani a me ka lāʻau make. Hōʻalo ka holoholona holoholona i nā wahi ākea, makemake nui i nā taiga ʻapo loa i nā kuahiwi kuahiwi a i ʻole nā ​​kahawai. Loaʻa ʻia ma nā puʻu a hiki i 1600 m ma luna o ke kai.

Aia nā kolamu ma nā wahi i noho ʻia e ka poʻe, mahea ʻo ia i ka pīpī a me ka loaʻa ʻana o nā ʻiole a me nā mea kuʻu. ʻO kahi hālāwai me ka kolamu i nā kauā, ma ka ʻaoʻao o nā kūlanakauhale a i ke kula paha he hanana pinepine e pili ana i ka neʻe ʻana i ka pōloli a me ka nalowale.

I ke kūlohelohe, loaʻa i ka nui o nā ʻenemi ka holoholona. ʻO ka mea nui he sable, kaʻi ʻana aku i kāna mea hoʻokūkū mai nā wahi i hoʻomohala ʻia. ʻO ka mea ʻoki e hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia i ka pou: nā ʻaleʻa, nā ʻānei, nā aeto, nā ʻūlū manu. Pono mākou e hūnā mai i ka hoʻouka ʻana o nā lynxes, nā alopeke, nā ʻīlio, nā ferrets.

ʻActerlelo ola a me ke ʻano o ke ola

ʻO ka hapa nui nā mea e'ōlelo nei. Hoʻopilikia ʻia ka hana i ka wā o ke ahiahi a ma hope o ka lā. ʻAʻole palena ka ʻimi i ka meaʻai i kekahi mau wahi, hiki i ka holoholona ke piʻi i 10 km a i ʻole, inā pono ka hūnā i ka neʻe i ka huli.

I ka pō hiki ke ʻike i ke kolu ʻoho ʻulaʻula maikaʻi e ʻimi ana i nā kiʻi i waena o nā aʻa o nā kumulāʻau i nā honu. Lilo nō hoʻi nā kamaʻāina i ka waiwai o ka holoholona wīwī e hiki ke holo maikaʻi. ʻO ka pinepine, ʻo nā kahe wai, muskrats a iʻa paha i loko o ka ʻōpū o ka kolamu o nā kolamu.

I ka hoʻoilo, hoʻoilo ka mea hānai ma ka dexterity a me ka hiki ke hana i kona ala ma lalo o ka uhi hoʻoilo ma luna o ka lōʻihi lōʻihi a hiki i 50 m. ʻO Capercaillie a me kahi māla i hūnā i ka pō hiki ke honi a hopu koke i nā manu.

ʻO ka wiwoʻole, ka pākuhi, hiki ke piʻi koke i kekahi mau kāwau a me nā pōkō, ka neʻe i ka pali a me nā wahi nui, piʻi i nā kumulāʻau a me nā pihi pōhaku e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e kahi kolamu ʻoi.

ʻAʻole mākaʻikaʻi nā holoholona i kā lākou pūnaewele. Noho lākou i kahi i noho ai i nā chipmunks, voles, nā hollows i waiho ʻole ʻia a i ʻole ma lalo o nā lālā o nā kumulāʻau i hāʻule a me ke kolo o nā lāʻau i hāʻule ai. Eia kekahi ma kahi maluhia mau, he mau wahi kaawale o ka holoholona, ​​kahi e hū ai i ka mea pono.

I loko o nā wā o ke anuanu koʻikoʻi, hiki iā ia ke moe aʻahe ʻole i waho no kekahi mau lā mai kahi mālama mahana. A laila hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka hopu me ke ao ma muli o nā pōkē malū pō. Ke neʻe nei nā kolamu i nā leaps a a me nā palena. ʻO ka kolamu leo ​​e like me nā leo e hana ʻia e kahi ferret: chirping a i ʻole kekahi ʻano tweet. I ka hoʻonāukiuki ʻana lākou i ka manacing hiss me ka whistle.

Hoʻaiho

Mahele pinepine nā mea e kamaʻilio ma nā kumu ulu haʻahaʻa o ʻAsia, a loaʻa nō hoʻi ia ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o Siberia a me ka Far East.

I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, he nui ka hoʻonui ʻana aʻe o ka helu a me ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā kolamu ma Yakutia ma ke kahakai ʻo Okhotsk.

Ua hele pololei mai kekahi mau kolamu ma nā Urals. Ua koho nā holoholona i nā awāwa o lākou nā awāwa o nā kahawai liʻiliʻi kahi e noho ai lākou i nā makani a ka iʻa, nā lāʻau i huki ʻia a me nā nāhelehele i hui ʻia. Hiki ke loaʻa iā lākou ma nā wahi papa maʻa i piha i ke kumu lāʻau.

Kū pinepine nā kolamu i nā mauna i ke kiʻekiʻe o 1400 a 1700 mika. Eia naʻe, hiki iā lākou ke loaʻa ma ka ʻaoʻao o nā pā a i nā kauhale liʻiliʻi a me nā kūlanakauhale.

ʻLio a me nā ʻano

Ke ʻano piha loa ke ʻano o ke ʻano o ka haʻi ʻana. ʻOkoʻa lākou i mea ʻole lākou e mākaʻikaʻi i kā lākou ʻāina. Eia kekahi, hoʻomaʻamaʻa lākou inā ʻaʻole lākou e pale iā lākou. Ke koi nei i nā holoholona e hoʻololi i ko lākou wahi noho leʻa wale nō ka nele o ka meaʻai i kūkulu ʻia ma ka pūnaewele kahiko. Hele lākou i ka wā hana o ka male.

I ka wā o ka noho ʻana o ka lehulehu, nalowale ka poʻe ʻōlelo a me ka piʻi nui ʻana i ka māla mahiʻai a hōʻino iā lākou inā e hāʻule ana lākou i kahi kauhale liʻiliʻi.

He mea kūpono hoʻi ia ma ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ko lākou home koʻikoʻi, loaʻa nā kolamu i nā wahi pilikino i ko lākou wahi. Aia kēia mau hale noho ma nā wahi like ʻole o ka pūnaewele.

Noho kēia mau holoholona i loko o ka mink o nā mea hao ʻē aʻe, a kokoke i nā lāʻau hāʻule i hāʻule.

Hoʻohālike ʻia nā mea kūkākūkā e ka likility a me ka loli. I kēia hihia, hana nui ʻia ka hana nui loa ma ka pō a me ka pō. I ka hoʻoilo, hiki i ka holoholona ke hana i ke ao.

Ma nā lā hoʻoilo hoʻoilo, paʻakikī loa ka hālāwai ʻana i ka kolamu, me ka mea e hiki ai i nā holoholona ke "moe", ʻo ia hoʻi, e hāʻule ana i ka puʻupuʻu pōkole no kekahi mau lā.

ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona o nā kolamu i ko lākou hiki ke neʻe i lalo o ka hoʻoilo hohonu.

ʻO ke kaʻina hana o ka ʻai ʻana mai ia mau mea i hana ʻia ma ko lākou home. Ma kahi a ka mea i hopu ʻia, ʻaʻole lākou i hana.

Hiki i nā holoholona ke piʻi i nā lāʻau, akā hana lākou, ʻaʻole liʻiliʻi loa. Hōʻalo nā kolala i nā wahi ākea a ākea. ʻO ke hiki ke kau pū me lākou ua kūkulu pū ʻia a hiki iā ʻoe ke holo i kahi mamao loa mai uka.

Lawaiʻa a me ka hoʻohana ʻana

I kēia manawa, ua loaʻa i nā kolamu hulu i kahi palapala noi a nui loa. He mea kūpono e haʻi ʻia ma ka kokoke o kēlā me kēia ʻohana Soviet kahi liʻiliʻi ma kahi o hoʻokahi kūoʻi kāne mai ka hulu manu.

Eia nō naʻe, inā ma mua o ka noho ʻana o ka hulu manu i nā kuleana ma hope, a ua lanakila nā huahana synthetic i ke kūʻai ʻana aku, a laila, ʻaʻole wahi pilikia ma ka kūʻai ʻana i kahi huahana hulu maoli mai ka ʻili o kahi holoholona. I kēia manawa, lilo nā kolamu i mea kaulana loa, ka hulu o ka mea i lilo ai i mea kaulana loa i waena o nā mea hoʻolālā. Hoʻohana nui loa ia.

ʻO ka kolamu wehewehe

ʻO kēia holoholona liʻiliʻi i ka lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o 48-66 mau kenimika a me kāna kāʻei, a kaupaona paha ma kahi o 800 gram. Hoʻopili ka ʻili. Ua liʻiliʻi ka poʻo, ua pōkole nā ​​wāwae, hoʻomōluulu maikaʻi nā ʻaoʻao ma waena o lākou.

ʻAno ʻia nā kauhau, kūpono ke ʻāʻī, a he koi nā pepeiao. Nani ka huelo, fluffy, kona lōʻihi e pili ana i ka hapalua o ka lōʻihi o ke kino - e pili ana i ka 18-21 kenimika. Aia ke kihi ductal i ke kumu o ka huelo, mai kahi mea i ʻike ʻia e kahi mea huna me ka mea ʻono maikaʻi ʻole.

ʻAkula ke kala o ka huluhulu. I ka hoʻoilo, pohilike a mālie, koʻikoʻi ma ka huelo. Aia ma ka maka aia nā kulu brown i kapa ʻia he mask. Hoʻopili ʻia nā lehelehe e ke kao keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo. I ke kauwela "ʻaʻahu" o nā kolamu e nānā ʻē aku, ʻaʻole e lulu ka hulu, ua pili ia i ke kino. Koʻi wāwae wāwae-keʻokeʻo. Hana ʻia ka Shedding i Malaki-Mei.

Nā kolamu (Mustela sibirica).

Kūlana Habitat

Kahi ka laha o kēia mau holoholona i kulu ʻia, ma ke ʻano ture, i kuhikuhi i nā ululāʻau o Asia, ka ʻaoʻao hema o Siberia a me ka Far East. I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua hoʻonui ka laulā o Yakutia ma ke kahakai ʻo Okhotsk. Nui nā ʻāpana kolamu ma nā Urals.

Noho ka poʻe ʻōpiopio liʻiliʻi i nā ʻoihana mālama wai, a pale i nā kikowaena ākea.

Noho nā mea ʻōlelo ʻōlelo ma nā awāwa o nā muliwai liʻiliʻi, ma nā kapa o nā mea i hoʻopili ʻia ai nā ulu lāʻau, ʻōlū a hina i lalo. Loaʻa ʻia i waena o nā mea hana stony i ulu me nā kumulāʻau. Ke piʻi nei nā mauna i kahi kiʻekiʻe o 1400-1700 mika. ʻO ka hapa pinepine, kū nā pou i nā nahele pine, nā ʻōpala a me nā ʻaoʻao o nā pulu. Eia kekahi, ʻike pinepine lākou ma nā kihi o nā mahina, ma nā kauhale a ma nā kūlanakauhale liʻiliʻi.

Kākauʻike ʻōlelo

ʻOi ka ʻaha nā ʻōlelo ʻana. Ka mea hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻole lākou a hōʻailona i kā lākou pākino.

E like me ke ʻano o nā kolamu i nā kolamu, kokoke loa ia me ka mink Europa.

ʻO ka hana hou ʻana o nā holoholona a me ka hapa ʻole o ka meaʻai e hele nui lākou. Ke lele nā ​​kolu pōloli, oki lākou e makaʻala, holo i loko o nā kauhale a hōʻino i nā pā o nā holoholona a me nā hale kūʻai.

Noho ke kolamu i loko o nā ʻuā o nā rodents: voles wai, chipmunks, pikas, hiki nō hoʻi ke noho i nā kuʻekuʻe, noho ma lalo o nā kumulāʻau i hāʻule a me nā puʻu o ka ʻōpala. I ka holoholona ia, i loko o ka hale mau, mau hale kaawale i waiho i nā papa like ʻole o kona pūnaewele.

ʻO nā mea e hoʻopiʻi ana a i nā ʻūlū paha, inā hoʻowahāwahā ʻia ka holoholona, ​​he tweet ia a he chirps, e like me ka ferret.

ʻO ka mea hoʻokūkū nui o ka pou, kahi pana, hoʻokuke iā ia i nā ʻāina i noho ʻia e ia.

Hoʻomoʻa nā kaukana i nā ʻōpū kūwaho a me nā lua me ka maʻalahi o ka wikiwiki. No lākou, he hana maʻamau ka lūlū a me ka pō. A i ka hoʻoilo, i nā pō anuanu, hiki i nā mea ʻōlelo ke hele i ka wā o ke ao. I loko o nā manawa anu nui, ʻaʻole hiki i nā mea ʻōlelo ke haʻalele i ka pā i kekahi mau lā, ʻo ia hoʻi, "moe ʻoe".

Ke ʻimi nei ka kolou i ka mea pio, ʻaʻole i like me ka sable, ka mea i kiaʻi iā ia.

I ka hoʻoilo, hiki iā ia ke iho i lalo o ka hoʻoilo a hoʻoiho i kahi lōʻihi a hiki i 50 mika ma lalo o kona mānoanoa. ʻO ka ʻai kai, e like me ke kānāwai, ʻai ʻia i kona lua, ʻaʻole hoʻi ma kahi e kū nei. Hiki i nā holoholona ke piʻi i nā lāʻau, akā hana pinepine lākou i kēia. Hiki iā lākou ke holo wikiwiki a maikaʻi, ke neʻe nei lākou mai uka i nā haneli mau haneli.

Ma ke ʻano o kā lākou meaʻaiʻai, loaʻa nā kolamu ma waena o nā mea pīpī polyphagous, e like me ka marten a me nā sable, a me nā "ʻai kīwī," e like me ka ermine a me ka weasel. ʻO ke kumu o ka meaʻai o nā kolamu he voles, hamsters, nā ʻiole, nā passerines liʻiliʻi. Ma nā kuahiwi e pio ai ka pika. ʻOiai he liʻiliʻi nā mea ʻōlelo, hiki iā lākou ke ʻimi i ka hares. Inā nui nā muskrats i loko o nā loko, a laila hopu i nā kolamu iā lākou. Ma Primorye, he ʻai nui ke ʻano ʻai ʻo ka ʻai migratory no ka mea 'ōlelo. Hiki iā lākou ke ʻai i nā iniseti, rana, pūlule, a me ka māi.

ʻOiai e ʻimi ana i ka meaʻai, ke makani maila ka ʻala ma ka hau, ke nānā ʻana i ka makani, nā lāʻau.

He nui nā mea hoʻokūkū e ʻōlelo ai: nā ʻalopeke, nā mea ulana, nā ʻāpana. Hoʻopau ka hapa nui o nā kolamu i nā pūleʻa, e alualu iā lākou a peʻa aku iā lākou mai loko aku o ko lākou mau wahi, ma kēia mea, he liʻiliʻi wale nā ​​kolamu ma kēlā mau wahi e noho ai nā sables. A ʻo nā kolamu, ma ka huli ʻana e ola i nā nāwaliwali nāwaliwali. ʻO nā manu ʻōpiopio nui e ʻai ana i nā kolamu: nā lawaiʻa a me nā ʻānei.

Loaʻa ka ola ola o nā kolamu ma ka lewa ma ka awelika o 2 mau makahiki, akā centenarians hiki ke ola a hiki i 6 mau makahiki. I ke pio ʻana, ola ke kolamu iā 9 mau makahiki.

Ka helu o nā kolamu

Ma nā taiga, he mea maʻamau kēia mau mea lahilahi. I kekahi manawa e hōʻino ka mea haʻi i ka ʻenehana manu, i ko lākou hiki ʻana i ka pā, hiki iā lākou ke ʻai i nā moa a iʻa paha. Akā ʻo nā kolamu, e like me ka marten liʻiliʻi, e pono i ka luku ʻia i ka rodents i loko o nā māla a me nā kauhale.

ʻO ka hulu o nā kolamu i mahalo nui ʻia, e hoʻohana ʻia ma kona ʻano kūlohelohe a i ʻole he kiʻi like ʻole i nā huahana hulu ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi.

I nā makahiki 30, ua hana ʻia nā ho'āʻo ʻana e mālama i nā kolamu ma nā mahiʻai. Hiki ke mālama ʻia nā kolamu i ka noho pio ʻana no ka mea holo ʻole lākou i ka hihiu. Akā ʻo lākou, e like me ke koena o nā cuns, ua hoʻololi ʻia e ka mink ʻAmelika, ʻo ka mea e mahalo nui ʻia ka hulu. Hoʻokomo wikiwiki ʻia nā mea ʻōlelo ʻōlelo a hāʻawi ʻia i loko o nā lima.

Noho kahi subspecies o Mustela sibirica coreana ma Korea. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia kēia mau holoholona e kahi ʻūhā nui aʻe a me ke kala hulu ʻulaʻula.

Inā loaʻa ʻoe i kahi hala, e koho i kahi ʻāpana a me ka paʻi Ctrl + Kākau.