Hōʻike ʻo ia ʻo ka lemmings i holo i kēlā me kēia mau makahiki, ka lawe ʻia ʻana e nā ʻatikala i ʻike ʻole ʻia, i ka pali i nā pali kai a me ke kai.

ʻO nā mea hana i nā kiʻi ʻatikala "The White Wasteland" i hoʻolaʻa ʻia no ka fauna o Kanada ua hāʻawi nui i ka hoʻolaha ʻia o kēia noiʻi.. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO nā cinematographers me nā keʻokeʻo i lawe i kahi lehulehu o nā lemmings i loaʻa mua i ka wai o ka muliwai, me ka hoʻōki i ka pepehi kanaka. A lawe ka poʻe lehulehu o ke kiʻi i kahi hoʻokalakupua i ka maka maka.

Eia nō naʻe, ua kuhihewa ʻia nā mea kākau palapala e lākou i ka hoʻopiʻi ʻole ʻia ʻana e like me ka mea e kuhihewa ʻole ana i nā loina e hoʻomaʻamaʻa nei.

Ua ʻike ka poʻe ʻepekema o kēia mau mea i ka hanana o ka wā hū o ka wā i ka lehulehu o ka lemmings, kahi nui i hōʻike ʻia i kēlā me kēia makahiki.

Inā ʻaʻohe pōkole o kēia mau ʻohana hamster, he pākaha ka poʻe. Makemake nui nā pēpē i hānau ʻia, a koke koke ka nui o ka ʻai hānai, e hoʻowalewale i ka lemmings e ʻimi i nā mea kanu hou.

Ua hala nō ko lākou ala ʻaʻole i ka ʻāina: ʻo ka manawa o ka wai o nā kahawai ʻākau a me nā kaʻe ua pālahalaha ʻia i mua o nā holoholona. Hiki i nā lemmings ke ʻaʻa, akā ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke helu mau i ko lākou ikaika a make. ʻO ke kiʻi i hōʻike ʻia, i ʻike ʻia i ka wā o ka lawaiʻa o ka nui o nā holoholona, ​​i hoʻokumu i ke kumu o ka moʻolelo o ka pepehi kanaka.

Mai ka ʻohana hamster

ʻO kēlā mau holoholona polar he poe pili pili i nā pōpoki a me nā voles. ʻAʻole ʻano ka waihoʻoluʻu o nā lemmings: maʻa mau mea he hina hina peʻa a i ʻole ka motley ke kala, kahi ʻulaʻula ʻia ma ka hoʻoilo.

ʻO nā kui manu liʻiliʻi (ke kaupaona ʻana o 20 a 70 g) ʻaʻole ulu iʻoi aʻe ma mua o 10-15 cm me ka hoʻohuiʻana o nā mau kenimika ma kahi huelo. I ka hoʻoilo, hoʻonui ka paku i nā forelegs, e huli ana i mau hoove a i ʻole nā ​​pulu. Kōkua nā claws i loli i nā lemmings e hāʻule i loko o ka hau hohonu a ʻuwelu iā ia i ka ʻimi ʻana i ka moss.

E uhi ana i ka lehele i nā mokupuni o ka moana ʻo Arctic, a me ka tundra / forest-tundra o Eurasia a me ʻAmelika ʻAmelika. Loaʻa nā lemmings Lūkini ma Chukotka, kahi mamao ma ka Kola Penina.

He hoihoi! Ke alakaʻi nei ka Rodents i kahi ʻano hana ikaika me ka ʻole o ka hānau ʻana i ka hoʻoilo. I kēia manawa o ka makahiki, hana maʻamau lākou i nā nests ma lalo o ka hoʻoilo, e ʻai ana i nā ʻāpana basp o nā mea kanu.

I ka manawa mahana, e noho ana nā lemmings i nā puʻu, kahi e alakaʻi ai ka nui o ka neʻe ʻana o ka nui o nā neʻe.

Hoʻoikaika

E aloha ana ka ʻākau e pili ana i ka kaona, e hele pinepine ana i kahi hakakā me nā lemmings e hoʻopuni ai ma kāna pūnaewele.

ʻO kekahi mau ʻano o nā lemmings (no ka laʻana, ka nahele) mālama huna i ko lākou ola i ka hūnā ʻana i nā maka, nā ʻāloe ʻia o nā hale mālama i ka pōʻeleʻele.

Alien iā ia a me nā hōʻike no ka mālama ʻana o nā mākua: ma hope koke o ka moe kolohe ʻana, haʻalele nā ​​kāne i nā wahine i mea e māʻona ai i kā lākou pōloli mau.

ʻOiai ka hilahila o kā lākou hoʻowahāwahā ʻana, ua hui ʻia ka pōpilikia ma ke ʻano he kanaka wiwo ʻole - hiki iā lākou ke hoʻoweliweli i ka lele a me ka pīpī, e piʻi ana i luna o nā wāwae hind, a i ʻole, e noho, a hoʻoweliweli i ka mea hoʻowalewale, e hoʻopiʻi ana i kona mau ʻāʻī e like me ka mea pahuhele.

Ke hoʻāʻo nei e hoʻopā, hōʻike lākou i ka hoʻouka ʻana ma ka pōpoki ʻana i ko lākou lima lima. ^ E Ha yM. Akā ʻaʻole hiki i kēia mau loiloi "hakakā" ke hoʻoweliweli i nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o nā lemmings: hoʻokahi wale nō mea e pakele ai iā lākou - lele.

Mea ʻai

ʻO nā lemmings āpau i hana ʻia mai nā mea kanu lau, e like me:

• ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo
• iala, i
• piʻomaka a me nā hua o nā blueberries, lingonberry, blueberries a me nā kapuaʻi,
• ʻanu lāʻau
• hamaunui,
• nā lāʻau ʻōpala.

He hoihoi! No ka mālama i ka lawa o ka nui o ka ikaika, pono ke ʻai a nā lemmings i ʻelua mau manawa e like me ke kaupaona ʻana. Ma kahi o hoʻokahi makahiki, ua lawe kahi ʻōpio makua i kahi 50 kg o nā mea kanu: ʻaʻole ia he mea kupanaha i ka tundra, kahi e ʻaka ai nā lemmings.

Ua kau ʻia ke ola o ka holoholona ma kahi papa hana, ma kēlā me kēia hola awakea ʻelua mau manawa o ka hiamoe a me ka hoʻomaha, e hele mau ʻia me ka wahine, hele a ʻimi ʻoe i ka meaʻai.

ʻO ka hemahema o ka meaʻai e hoʻopilikia i ka psyche o nā lemmings. ^ E Ha yM. ʻAʻole lākou hōʻole i nā lāʻau makewai a hoʻāʻo e ʻimi i nā holoholona i ʻoi aku i ko lākou nui.

ʻO ka nele o ka meaʻai ke kumu o ka nui o ka neʻe ʻana o nā rodents i kahi lōʻihi lōʻihi.

Amur Lemming

ʻAʻole ulu iʻoi aʻe ma mua o 12 cm. ^ E Ha yM. Hiki ke hoʻomaopopo ʻia kēia rodent e kona ʻili, kahi e like me ka lōʻihi o ka wāwae hope, a i ka lauoho lauoho o nā wāwae. I ke kauwela, he pua ia ke kino, hoʻoneʻe ʻia me nā ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula ma nā pāpālina, ma lalo o ka muzzle, nā ʻaoʻao a me nā ʻōpū. ʻIke ʻia ke kaula ʻulaʻula mai luna, e pohihihi i ke poʻo a i ka neʻe ʻana i ke kua.

I ka hoʻoilo, ʻike hoʻomaʻamaʻa kēia kapa, a lilo i palupalu i ke kapa a loaʻa iā ia ke kala ʻulaʻula ʻia me nā intersperses intersperses o ka hina a me ka ulaula. Loaʻa kekahi mau ʻōmū Amur i nā māka keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo ma ka pou a kokoke i nā lehelehe.

Lemming Vinogradova

Ua noho kēia ʻano (a 17 cm lōʻihi) ka paia o nā kahe i nā mokupuni. ^ E Ha yM. Hoʻopau nā holoholona i nā kīhāpai he nui, makemake nui e ʻai i nā lau a me nā mea kanu.

Kūpaha loa nā ʻili o Rodent a hoʻohālikelike i nā kūlanakauhale liʻiliʻi. I loko o lākou, hānau nā wahine i nā lālani 5-6 mai 2 a 3 mau manawa i ka makahiki.

Nā lememamu huamu

He kamaʻāina o ke kūloko Arctic a me subarctic mai ke kahakai hikina o ka Pono Keʻena a hiki i ke Bering Strait, ʻo Novaya a me Severnaya Zemlya. He 11 a 14 cm ka lōʻihi o kēia rodent Hiki ke loaʻa i nā wahi o ka moss, dwarf birch a me willow e ulu ana, i nā ʻāina nūnū a me nā papa uala.

Hāʻawi ʻia ka inoa ma muli o nā pihi waena ʻelua ma luna o nā forelegs, e kahe ʻia ana ma ke ʻano o ka puʻu.

I ke kauwela, he hina hina ka holoholona me ka hōʻailona ʻana i nā mea ʻala kino maikaʻi ma ke poʻo a me nā ʻaoʻao. Ma ka ʻōpū, he uliuli ke kapa, he ʻōlea ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele e holo ma hope o ke kua, a he kukui "aniani" ma ka ʻāʻī. I ka hoʻoilo, ua emi iki ke kala o ka hulu.

ʻEleʻa ʻai lau / pana o birch a me willow, aerial bahagi / blueberries a me cloudberries. Ke hoʻohua nei ʻo ia e mālama i ka meaʻai i loko o kahi lua, kahi e pau ai nā pāʻina lemmings i ke kauwela āpau. Eia nā keiki (5-6) e hānai i nā manawa ʻekolu i ka makahiki.

Ke lawe nei i nā mea kumu kumu o ka leptospirosis a me ka tularemia.

Nā lau lau

Ke kaupaona ʻana i kahi kua hina hina. ^ E Ha yM. Lives in the taiga from Scandinavia to Kamchatka and Mongolia (north), and on the Russian North. Ke koho ʻo ia i nā nahele (coniferous a hui ʻia), kahi nui ka nui o ka moss.

Hāʻawi ka lemmings lāʻau i ka 3 litters i kēlā me kēia makahiki, ma kēlā me kēia he 4 ke lawe ʻia mai nā kuala.

Ua manaʻo ʻia he mea lawe kūlohelohe o ka tularemia bacillus.

Nā Kelemānia Lemming

Hoʻokomo ka makua i ka 15 cm. ^ E Ha yM. Noho ʻo ia ma ke kuahiwi o ke Kola Peninsula a me Scandinavia. Hoʻowaiʻe, hoʻopau ia i ke taiga a me ka nahele-tundra.

ʻO ka mea nui i ka hanaʻai ʻana ma ka moss green, cereals, reindeer moss a sedge, me ka hāʻawi ʻole i ka lingonberry a me nā blueberries.

Kāni ʻia ʻia ia i ke waiho ʻia, a ke kahakaha ʻia kahi ʻōuli ʻoneʻeleʻele ma ke kua hope. ʻAno maloʻo e eli i nā lua, ke ʻimi nei ʻo ia i nā wahi kūlohelohe, kahi āna e hoʻomoe ai i nā mamo he nui: a hiki i ka 7 mau keiki i loko o kahi ʻōpala. I ka pūnāwai a me ke kauwela, e lawe mai ana nā lemmings wahine wahine i nā 4 litters.

ʻOkoʻa Siberian Lemming

Hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā lemipamu ʻē aʻe, e kū ana no kona mau mea kiʻekiʻe: ʻo ka wahine a ʻoi aku ka 5 litters i kēlā me kēia makahiki, ma kēlā me kēia mea e hānau ai ʻo 2 a 13 pēpē.

Noho ia i nā wahi tundra o ka Lūkini Rūsia mai ka ʻĀkau Wahine Dvina ma ke komohana a hiki i ka hikina Kolyma, a ʻo nā mokupuni i koho ʻia o ka Moana Arctic.

Me ka paona o 45 i 130 g, e hoʻonui ana ka holoholona i ka 14-16 kenimika. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO ka hoʻoilo a me ke kauwela he pena like ia - ma nā kala melemele-ʻeleʻele me kahi kala ʻeleʻele e holo ana ma hope o ke kua.

ʻO ka papa meaʻai me nā mosses ʻōmaʻomaʻo, moletea, nā lāʻau Tundra. E like me ke kānāwai, ola i ka wai i loko o nā nests e like me nā pōpō i hana ʻia a me nā lau.

He mea lawe i ka pseudotuberculosis, tularemia a me ka hemorrhagic maʻi.

Nā ʻōnaehana Social

I ke anu anuanu, hehi iho i kekahi o nā lemmings o ke kākā o ko lākou makemake e ola wale a hoʻopaʻa i nā pou. Hoʻopili ʻia nā wahine me nā hua i kekahi āpau i kikoʻī, a hele nā ​​kāne i nā ululāʻau a me nā ʻāhu e ʻimi ai i nā mea kūpono kūpono.

Inā he nui mea ʻai a ʻaʻohe ʻai kino nui, ulu ka limuola lemela e nā lewa a me nā palena, e hoʻopiʻi ana ma lalo o ka hoʻoilo a me nā wahi hoihoi e ʻāpono ana i kiki i kēia mau pae lāʻau ʻākau.

ʻOi aku ka nui o nā lemmings, ʻo ia ka nui o ke ola o ka ʻalopō pōpole, ermine, a me ka owl keʻokeʻo.

He hoihoi! Inā lawa ʻole ka ʻākena, ʻaʻole e hoʻāʻo ka ʻāʻī e waiho i ka hua, me ka ʻike ʻole ʻole e hānai i kāna mau moa. Hoʻokahi iki ka liʻiliʻi o nā lemmings i ka ʻōkohu ʻilima e haʻalele i ka huli ʻana i ka waiwai mai ka tundra a hiki i ka taiga.

Noho nā ʻōhua kūmole i nā mai 1 a hiki i 2 mau makahiki.

ʻAno hānau

Hoʻonohonoho ka puʻupuʻu pōkole i ka hoʻonui nui ʻana a me ka wā kanu o nā lemmings.

Ua komo nā wahine i ka lua o ka hana hānau ʻana ma ke ʻano he 2 mau makahiki o ke kāne, a hiki i nā kāne ke hiki i ka pālolo ʻana i ka wā he 6 wiki. Noho ka wahine i ka 3 mau hebedoma a hoʻopau i ka hānau hānau ʻana o nā lemi liʻiliʻi he 4-6. ʻO ka nui o ka litters i kēlā me kēia makahiki he ʻeono.

ʻAʻole hilinaʻi nā mea hoʻouluulu o ka rodents kūkulu ʻākau i ka manawa o ka makahiki - ke ʻoluʻolu nei lākou i ka hua ma lalo o ka hoʻoilo i nā pupu nui. Ma lalo o ka mānoanoa o ka uhi hau, holo nā holoholona i kahi pā, e hoʻomana i ka lau a me ka mauʻu.

I loko, ua hānau ʻia kahi hanauna hou o nā lemmings.