Pangasianodon hypophthalmus (lat.) - pili i nā ʻano o nā iʻa ʻoniʻoki hipa o ka ʻohana pangasian, ʻopa iʻa. Kuhi ʻia nā moʻolelo mua mai ka makahiki 1800. He kūlohelohe ka honua maoli. Loaʻa ka hapa nui o ka lehulehu ma nā wai o Mekong me Chauphrai, kahi helu liʻiliʻi i nā kahawai ʻo Thailand, Asia Hikina, Laos, Kambila, Vietnam a me Lake Tonle Sap.
I ke kūlohelohe, hiki i ka lōʻihi o 130 cm a me ka nui o ka 44 kg. Ua lawaiʻa nā shark wai wai no nā kenekulia, e hoʻohana ʻia kona kīʻaha ʻana i ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i nā kīʻai lehulehu a no ke kūʻai aku no ka kūʻai ʻana aku. ʻO ka nui o kekahi mau ʻano e hiki i ka 2.5 m.
ʻIke nui nā ʻano hiu i ka aquarium inā ke hoʻokumu ʻoe i nā kūlana maikaʻi loa. ʻO nā kūʻokoʻa, kahi like like lākou i kahi hiu predatory. ʻO ka ʻili ma ke kino o ka aukō māmā a he maʻa, ʻaʻohe o nā aahu o nā iwi. ʻEleʻele a ʻeleʻele paha nā poli. Ma ke kālā dorsal he ʻeono mau kukui kūlohelohe i ke ʻano o kahi kuʻekuʻe. ʻO ka fin caudal he ʻelua-lehelehe; haʻalele ka anal elongate mai laila. ʻO ke kala o ke kino ʻōpio he kālā, akā heʻeleʻele i ka manawa, ma ke alo o ke kaula hope ua mau ʻāpana ʻelua a kahi i make i ka wā e ulu ai ka iʻa. Pulu ʻia ke poʻo, nui nā maka, ʻelua mau ʻāpana ʻōpio. ʻO ka waha nui me nā niho koʻikoʻi, ʻo ka lalo a me ka peritoneum, he kala. ʻO ka nui o ke kino mai 15 cm a 50 cm i loko o nā mea kanu. Manaʻo ke ola o 10-15 mau makahiki a ʻoi aku paha.
ʻO nā mea kaulana nui loa o nā hiola akuʻa
ʻOkoʻa nā Pangasianodon hypophthalmus ʻaʻole i waho mai kekahi i kekahi, akā ua nānā pū hoʻi i nā makemake, nā nui, nā ʻano a me nā ʻano. ʻO nā ʻano maʻamau nui o ka pangasius melting kiʻekiʻe:
- ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā pika manu a hiki i 25 cm.ʻO nā ʻano nui Viviparous, nā huahe a hiki i ka 10 nā hiu, ka nui ka 6 cm. Makemake lākou i ka wai mahana. He niho niho nui ko lākou. Makemake lākou e leʻaleʻa i nā cephalopods. Loaʻa i ka shark nā kino o ka luminescent e kūleʻa ana i nā ʻōpū liʻiliʻi a me hope, a me ka ʻōpū ma lalo. Me ka mālama maikaʻi, ʻo ka manaʻolana i ke ola a hiki i ka 10 mau makahiki.
- ʻO ka kumule, ka wai wai wai māka a iʻa hii, kēia iʻa, nona ka hopena like ʻole ma waho. I loko o ke kūlohelohe a hiki i ka hiki ʻana i ka 1,5 m, nā holoholona ʻokoʻa ma mua o 60 cm. ʻO ka mea nona nā ʻano hoihoi, hilahila a hoʻohilahila i ka wā i hopohopo ʻia, akā ma hope o 20-30 mau minuke ke hoʻi hou mai nā mea āpau. ʻAʻole ia he mea hoʻomaloka, me ka huhū i ke aniani e pā ana i nā paia o ka pākale, hiki ke hana hewa iā ia iho.
- He nani, ʻoluʻolu ke poʻo. ʻO Gluttony, inā manaʻoʻo ia ʻaʻole ia i hānai ʻia, hana ʻo ia i nā manawa e hoʻowalewale i kona hoalauna e ʻoliʻoli ma luna. Inā he mea hewa ʻole i ke aupuni, e māmā koke i ka kala. ʻO ka hōʻailona ʻana i ka mea i ʻike ʻia a ʻike ʻo ia i nā kumu āna i makemake ʻole ai. Kahi pāpale pālule'ōmaʻomaʻo pālua - he nani o ka nani, ka mea nona ka ʻonima ʻōuli ʻulaʻula me kahi ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula. ʻO ka mea nona kekahi ʻano hoʻohiwahiwa a me ka moody.
- ʻO ka Pōnani manō Kolombia a i ʻole iho i ke kala - ʻo ia ka iʻa kūikawā, he echolocation, he ala ia e launa pū ai me nā hoahānau i loko o ka wai lepo. He ʻawaʻawa nā luna o luna, akā ʻaʻole i make ka meaʻala.
ʻO ke kiʻi ʻana i kahi iʻa wai kai i loko o nā hale wai i kēia lā ua manaʻo ʻia he ʻano lama. Ke hoʻoholo nei i ia hoʻoholo, pono ia e hoʻokō i kekahi o nā pono e koi no ka mālama ʻana i nā hiwa.
Kūleʻa nā maka i hiki i kekahi mau manawa ke loaʻa ma mua o 60 cm, akā pili kēia i nā kūlana o ka paʻa. No ka noho ʻana ma kahi kūpono, ʻo ka nui o ka hale akuʻa me ke uhi luna, kahi lihi o ka liʻiliʻi o 350 lita, i ka wā e hiki mai ana, e hoʻomākaukau e hoʻonui. Aia kekahi mau noho e noho wale i nā pahū a pono lākou i ka nui o 1200 lita.
No ka hoʻoliloʻana i ke aupuni o ka shark, e kau i nā pebbles nui, ʻaʻole i nā ʻano, nā ʻano pā. Ma ka lalo o ka one a i ʻole kahi liʻiliʻi, ʻaʻole i nā kākala koi, nā mea kanu me kahi kanu huaʻala maikaʻi i kanu ʻia a puni nā paia ʻaoʻao, hiki nō hoʻi iā ʻoe i loko o ka pā hao. Hoʻopili ʻia nā mea āpau a me ka spiky, hiki i ka mango ke hōʻeha i ka ʻili.
ʻO ka mahana māla wai kūpono loa he 22 a 28 ° C, ka paʻalaha wai mai 2 a 20, pH 6.5 a i 8.0. E ana i ka nitrate a me ka pae o ka ammonia. I kēlā me kēia pule, e hoʻololi i ka wai i 40% o ka nui holoʻokoʻa. ʻAʻole ʻae ʻo nā ʻoki ʻokula i ka wai lepo, no laila pono ʻoe e hoʻokomo i kahi kānana maikaʻi. E hana i kahi kahe maikaʻi me kahi pāka. E noʻonoʻo e pili pū me nā iʻa a me nā mea ʻona liʻiliʻi ʻē aʻe. Pono ke kukui ʻana.
Hānai
Hōʻailona loa ka iʻa ʻanoʻai, ʻaʻole ʻano picky nā kaola me ka mea ʻai, e ʻai ana i nā mea a pau āna i loaʻa ai. No kāna mau hana koʻikoʻi, pono nui ka nui o ka protein a me nā hāmeʻe, pono ka neʻe i ka neʻe, pono ka ikaika. Hoʻohana ia ia i ka meaʻai a nā mea kanu holoholona.
I ka wā kahiko, lilo nā holoholona i ko lākou mau niho a lilo lākou i nā mea kanu. E hānai i nā manawa 2-3 i ka lā, e lawe ana iā 5 mau minuke.
Pono ke ʻano o ka ʻai a me ka ʻokoʻa.
- ʻO Pang Pangusus kahi mea aloha i ka iʻa paina, ka ʻalā, nā puʻu, nā pepeke, a me nā ʻomaʻomaʻo.
- Hōʻulu ʻia i nā kukama ʻami a ʻōpala, ʻōpala, zucchini, ʻuala.
- ʻAi ʻia nā huaʻai i nā wahi liʻiliʻi.
- Makemake i nā cereals ʻē aʻe.
- Makemake lākou e leʻaleʻa i nā iʻa ʻelele ola.
Akā e hoʻomanaʻo mau ʻoe ʻaʻole hiki i ka hopena, ke hopena i ke ala i ke ola a me ka make. Hiki ke kūʻai ʻia nā meaʻai like ʻole ma nā hale kūʻai kūikawā.
Pahu Hole Kahaha
Hoʻopau ʻole ka Pangasianodon hypophthalmus i hiki ʻole i ka hoʻopili loea a kūpono pū me nā poʻe noho aku aku i ka like ʻole o ka nui. Ma kahi wahi kūlohelohe e noho i nā ʻohana nui. ʻAʻole ia e noʻonoʻo e mālama i nā iʻa liʻiliʻi, no ka mea, ua manaʻo ka pānuʻō i ka iʻa liʻiliʻi he mea ʻili.
He ʻae like ʻole nā iʻa a Shark me nā iʻa ʻē aʻe, kūpono lākou no ia:
- ʻO nā cichlids.
- ʻO nā ʻōpala nui a pāpaʻi.
- Kalamoikhty.
- Labeo.
- Nā polypteruses proportional.
- Nā iʻa ʻaʻa.
- Gourami a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.
Pono e noʻonoʻo ʻia e ola ana ka palaho ma waena o ka wai wai waena, no laila e loaʻa kahi hoaʻāina e noho ana ma ka haʻahaʻa.
ʻAno hānau
Ma ka moe kolohe, aneane hiki ʻole i ka ʻokoʻa ke hoʻokaʻawale. Noho ka maʻi kamalewa i ka wā ʻehā makahiki, ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka māmā o ka wahine wai ma mua o ke kāne. E pilikia ka hānai i ka iʻa akuʻaima ma ka home a pilikia ʻole hiki ʻole. Ma Asia, aia ka iʻa keu i loko o nā loko a i ʻole nā wai wai.
Ma ka kūlohelohe kūlohelohe, hānai ʻia nā iʻa ma ka mahina Iulai a hiki i Nowemapa, ke kau ʻana i luna, ke kahe o ka wai kai me nā hua he 100 tausani. Hōʻike ka helehelena o ka palaoa i nā lā 2-4, ma hope o ka Pangasianodon hypophthalmus e hoʻi i kona wahi maʻamau.
Mīʻī Pī Paka
ʻO nā kumu mua o nā maʻi hiō ma muli o ka mālama maikaʻi ʻole, ka hānai ʻole ʻana, a me ka nui o ka wai a me ka nui o ka aquarium. Ma mua o ka hoʻomau ʻana me ka mālama ʻana o ka iʻa, pono ia e hoʻoponopono pono i ka maʻi a ʻike i ke kumu o kona helehelena ʻana.
ʻO nā maʻi maʻamau loa:
- Hiki i ka pangasius i loko o kahi kaona ka hiki ke hōʻeha kino iā ia iho ma ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka pā a i ʻole ke hōʻaha ʻia e nā mea hoʻonani. Ma hope iho, hiki i nā ʻeha ma ka ʻili o ka hiʻi hoʻonaninani, pono ke mālama ʻia nā mea hōʻeha me ka permanganate potassium a ʻona hoʻi.
- I ka hihia o ka laʻana, e pololi ka mālama ʻana i ka pōloli a i ʻole kaʻai ʻana i ka ʻai.
- Ka hōkū oxy. Aia ka hale kula ʻo Pangasius ma kahi kokoke i ka wai o ka wai. E hoʻonui wikiwiki i ka average, hoʻohaʻahaʻa i lalo, hoʻonui i ke kahe o ka holo me kahi kānana.
- Fin rot. ʻO ka ʻōpiopio pinepine ka hele ʻana ma muli o ka nānā ʻana i nā maʻi baki a i ʻole ka hopena o kahi lawaiʻa mai kekahi iʻa.
- Lōwele a ulū paha. Hoʻoikaika i ka pono o ka wai a me ka wai.
- ʻO ka Ichthyophthyroidism a i ʻole nā wahi keʻokeʻo - wai maikaʻi.
- ʻO ka maʻi ʻeha a i ʻole ʻaʻa ʻia i loko o nā lau - nā ʻāpana keʻokeʻo e like me ka ʻaomi. Wai lepo.
Kokoke pau nā maʻi o nā iʻa i pili i ka maikaʻi o ka wai, e makaʻala. Inā ʻike ʻoe i nā loli, e hana koke.
Pūnaewele
E hāhai i nā lula o ka mālama a me ka mālama a hiki mai ʻoe ke pale aku i nā pilikia he nui, a hiki i kāu Pangasianodon hypophthalmus e hana mau ʻia a hopu ʻoe i kou maka.
- Pono ka pūpū kai me nā mea e pono ai.
- ʻAʻai ʻole ma ka lima.
- E hoʻohana i nā pale lima no ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe.
- Ke hoʻololi nei i kahi mea hou o ka aku i loko o ka aquarium, hoʻopaʻa iā ia i kahi manawa iki no kekahi manawa e hōʻoia i ke olakino.
- Hoʻomaopopo ʻia e mālama i ka iʻa maʻi no ka wā mālama i ka hoʻokaʻawale, a hiki i ka hoʻōla hou ʻana.
- E kiʻi i nā hoʻokolohua e ana i ka maikaʻi o ka wai.
- E hoʻomaʻemaʻe pinepine i ka kānana.
E hoʻomanaʻo ʻoe i ke kuleana no ke ola o kēia iʻa ʻano ʻoluʻolu, e hilinaʻi nei iā ʻoe.
Nā kūlana o ka paʻa
I ʻole e weliweli i kāu mau holoholona i kahi ʻoliʻoli hauʻoli i kahi hana i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, a ʻo hoʻi i nā ʻano leʻaleʻa, pono ʻoe e makaʻala i nā hiʻohiʻona o nā ʻike.
Holo kekahiʻaʻa i ka iʻa aho a koi i ka nānā nui ʻana iā ia iho. Eia Eia nā kānāwai maʻamau: