ʻO nā huaʻala he mau meaola maʻamau. ʻO kēia mau poʻe amele, a i ʻole ʻo ia i kapa ʻia mai, he mau ʻōmia, ua ulu ʻia i loko o nā kahe i nā wai o ke kahawai a me nā ʻau o nā kahawai, a hopu ʻia i nā ʻāina mahiai.
I nā mahina mahana o ka lokomaikaʻi, hiki ke ʻike mau ʻia nā mea ola like ma nā kahawai o nā kaila me kahi mea liʻiliʻi a i nā ulu lāʻau. Noho lākou a loaʻa i loko o ka helehelena ma kahi āpau.
Akā he ākea nui loa, maʻamau a maʻamau ʻaneʻane poloka, ia i loaʻa ai nā puʻu ma nā wahi he nui o ʻEulopa. Noho ka poʻe amalia i ka palu a me nā wahi maloʻo o ka ulu lāʻau a me nā pā nahele, i ka nui he nui i ʻike ʻia ma nā lehelehe a me nā kihi, nā wahi me nā lau o nā kahe ma nā awāwa.
Hiki ke lilo i nā māla o nā wahi a me nā ʻāpana nui o nā kūlanakauhale nui moor frog habitat. ^ E Ha yM. ʻIke ʻia lākou ma Carpathians a me Altai, e pālahalaha ana mai nā ʻaoʻao hema o Yugoslavia a hiki i nā ʻaoʻao ʻākau o Scandinavia, a i ka holo i waena o ka ʻāina ākea o Rūsia a hiki i ka mauna Ural.
He nui ka nui o kēia mau mea i ka hakahaka o 7 cm, a ʻo ke kino o lākou mau kino he ʻelua a ʻo ka lōʻihi o nā wāwae ʻākau. E like me kāu e ʻike ai ma luna kiʻi o ka frog muzzle, ka waihoʻoluʻu ʻōniʻoniʻo ia i ke ʻano o ke kula o ke kauwela a me ka mauʻu ʻōmaʻomaʻo, i hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia nui a hele, mai ka maka mai ke alo aku o ka poʻohiwi, ʻuʻuku iki, he wahi keʻena kino ʻē aʻe ka mea i ʻike hou aku i ka piʻalolo i nā mea ola e hoʻopuni nei, ka mea e hoʻopiʻi i ka maikaʻi i ka wā o ka hopu ʻana o ia mau mea poʻe māhiti.
ʻO ke kumu nui o nā kua o kēia mau mea i ka ʻona, he hui ia, he lāʻau ʻoliva, a me nā pua a me ka melemele i hoʻohui ʻia, hōʻailona ʻia e ke ala melemele, ʻokoʻa like ʻole i ka nui, nā ʻōpū i ʻole wale i ka kua, akā i nā ʻaoʻao. I kekahi manawa i hoʻohui ʻia kahi kīnika māmā me ka kala ākea o ka maka. ʻIliʻili ke ʻano ma ka ʻili a me nā ʻaoʻao.
I ke kiʻi, ʻo ka ʻōpū muzzle kāne i ka wā hānai
Hoʻolaha ka wehewehe ʻana o ka frog muzzle, pono e ʻike ʻia i hiki ke hoʻomaopopo ʻia nā kāne e ka ʻulaʻula kukui o ke kino i loaʻa iā lākou i ka wā o ka māla ʻana, i hoʻohālikelike ʻia i nā wahine ʻulaʻula a i ʻole ʻulaʻula, me nā ʻano lau ʻōpala ma ka manamana lima mua o ka mua.
Aia kekahi, aia hoʻi, lawa nā hōʻailona e hiki ai ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻōpala ʻōpala a me kā grassy. ^ E Ha yM. I waena o lākou, ʻo ka pāpaʻi calcaneal, aia i ka amphibians mua i ka nui o ka elongated.
ʻO ka lua ua like kona ʻano ʻāpana like ʻole. Hoʻopili ʻia, nā ʻōpala mauʻu i loaʻa ka ʻōpū. Ke hele nei i kekahi mau hōʻailona ʻē aʻe, akā ʻo ka hiʻohiʻona nui o ka helehelena o ka amphibian i hōʻike ʻia i kahi muzzle koi ia, ʻo ia ke kumu o ka inoa.
ʻAʻole maopopo kapiki pāo iʻa keu. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO ka maʻamau o kēia mau mea pili i nā pūʻulu o nā palaka brown, e noʻonoʻo ana iā lākou kekahi o nā ʻelele he nui o nā ʻano o nā ʻano amphibians tailless o ka manu manu.
Hōʻailona ka inoa o nā frog a me ka noho ʻana
ʻO nā ʻāpana ʻāmaʻomaʻo he mau ʻelele koko koko o ka honua o ka holoholona. No laila e hana ana ka wehewehe ʻana i nā rana, He mea hiki ole ke nānā i ka hana o nā mea ola e hilinaʻi nui ʻia i ke ʻano o ka mahana o ka ea e puni ana e ka lā o ka lā.
I ke anuanu, ua piha lākou i ke ola, akā, me ka hoʻāla iki a me ka liʻiliʻi, ua lilo ka ulu o ke ʻano a me ka paʻa. Hiki nō i ka maloʻo ke hoʻopau iā lākou, no ka mea, hanu nā melemele e māmā wale nō ka mālamalama, akā ma o ka ʻili hoʻi, e koi ai i kahi koina haʻahaʻa.
ʻO ia ke kumu a emi iki nā mea ola mai nā kino wai i kahi lōʻihi e lōʻihi ana i kahi o nā mau mika. A ʻoiai ka ʻāina, ʻimi lākou i nā pale mai ka lā nui o ka lā ma waena o nā lau hāʻule, ma lalo o nā kumulāʻau lāʻau a me ka mauʻu ākea.
I kekahi lā kauwela, hoʻomaha lākou ma ka lalo o nā loko. I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka pua, e hele nā raka e nānā i nā wahi no ka hoʻoilo, ka poʻe a lākou i hoʻopau ai i nā ʻōpala i nā kāwili, nā waiho ʻana o nā lau a me nā lālā, ma nā poho o nā holoholona liʻiliʻi a me nā lua, i kekahi manawa ma ka papahele.
Mālama pinepine nā mea aloha holoholona hihiu mau lālani koi i loko o ka hale ma kahi papa liʻiliʻi, pāpala, akā nui maoli i ka wahi, me kahi mea hoʻonaʻauao kūlohelohe a me nā mea kanu kūpono.
ʻO ka nui o ka hale o nā rana ka mea maʻamau ma kahi o 40 lita, a ʻo ka piko o ka terrace ke uhi ʻia i ka mesh ʻoi ʻāleʻa, akā ma ane e hele ai ke ea. ʻAʻole pono nā Amphibians i kahi hoʻomehana ʻē aʻe a me ka māmā.
Kāleka
ʻAʻole nui ka nui o kēia mau bako i ka nui, a hiki i ka lōʻihi o 7 cm. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona kaʻawale ʻo ia ka muzzle kuhikuhi-piko.
Ma muli o ke kala kekeʻe, kokoke ka ʻalaʻohi i ka ʻōpala. Hiki paha ke kua o ke kala ʻulaʻula ʻē i kahi ʻoniʻoni, ʻōmaʻomaʻo, a me nā pua ʻoliva ʻokoʻa. Loaʻa ma nā wahiʻeleʻele nā ʻano like ʻole o nā ʻāpana like ʻole. Pae kekahi ʻōlaʻi pōpono ma hope o ke kua. Mai ka maka a me ka poʻohiwi lele i kahi pōʻeleʻele e hoʻokō ai i nā hana o ka camouflage i ka wā o ka hopu. Hiki ke hoʻomaopopo aku ke kāne i nā calluses hakakā e pili ana i nā manamana lima o ka forelegs, a me ka ʻulaʻala o ka ʻulaʻawa o ke kino, i loaʻa iā ia i ka wā hana. ʻO nā haʻahaʻa ola i nā makahiki he 12 mau makahiki.
Kālā
Ma kahi kokoke i nā wahi o nā ʻāina o ʻEulopa, ke ola nei ka baki koi, kahi kiʻi i hōʻike ʻia ma kēia ʻatikala. Ma ke ʻākau, ua palena ʻia kona māhele i Scandinavia, ma ka hema - i Yugoslavia a me Romania. Ma Lūkia, ua hoʻonui ʻia nā ʻano o ka manu mai ka Ke Keokeo i lalo a me ka hohonu o ka Don ma ka Rostov Region, me ka Western Siberia a me nā Urals.
ʻO ka hānai ʻana no ka baki Muzzle
ʻO ka mālama i nā pōkole e hilinaʻi i ka manawa o ka makahiki a, ʻoiaʻiʻo, ma ke ʻano ma waena o kahi e kau ai ko lākou ola. He poʻe wānana lākou, a me kā lākou kelepona lōʻihi, hiki ke hopu i ka waiwai kūpono ma ke kuʻina o kahi maka, e kōkua iā lākou e loaʻa ai ka meaʻai a me ka hopu (ʻoiai ʻo ia ka mea i ke ahiahi ahiahi).
ʻO nā meaʻai nui no kēia mau mea ola he mau mea hihiu. Hiki i nā kakela, nā namu me nā palahalā e hopu pololei i ka lele, nā milo, nā aniani a me nā pōkoki, a me nā ʻano o nā invertebrates: nā ʻōpala a me nā mollusks. Hiki i kēia mau baki ke hauʻoli pono i ko lākou mau ʻohana ponoʻī.
Loaʻa i kēlā me kēia kanaka nā pākahi liʻiliʻi (ʻehā haneli haneli) no lākou, kahi e loaʻa ai kā lākou ʻai ponoʻī, ʻuʻuku, pale lākou iā lākou mai nā malihini. Inā no kekahi kumu ʻaʻole lawa ka ʻai ma ia pūnaewele, e hoʻomaka ka neʻe i nā laka me ka wikiwiki a neʻe i nā wahi maikaʻi aʻe.
Hoʻaiho
ʻO nā wahi kumu lāʻau a me ka nahele nāhelehele i nā lāʻau nui. Ma nā mauna, ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke loaʻa ma Altai, a i kahi kiʻekiʻe aʻe o 2140 mika ma luna o ke kai, i ka Carpathians a hiki i kahi kiʻekiʻe o 987 m.
ʻO ka hana a me ka lōʻihi o kahi frog makai
Hoʻomaka ke ola o kēia mau ʻaumia i ka wai. Aia i kēia ka nohona, ka maʻamau pinepine i loko o nā koina papa pāpaku, ma nā pāpū pāpaku, nui ʻia me ka mauʻu, ka pā a me nā puddles, nā caviar i waiho ʻia, a penei kāna e lawe ʻia ai. muzzle frog pana. ^ E Ha yM. Hana kēia i ka wai puna, i ka manawa e hoʻoheʻe ai ka hau, a hoʻomōlohe ka wai i ka ʻoluʻolu iki. Hoʻopau ʻia kēia mau lā male a male spawning i Mei.
ʻO nā baki Muzzle i ka wā hōʻola
ʻO ka nui o nā hua he hoʻokahi o ka wahine hoʻokahi, me ka ʻāpana o ka hapa ma mua o ka hapalua sentimeter, keu mau haneri a i ʻole mau tausani ʻāpana. Ma hope o ke kau ʻana o nā hua, pau ka komo ʻana o ka frog o ka makuahine i ke kaʻina hana o ka hānai, a pale ke kāne i ka hua.
Akā naʻe ʻo kona mālama ʻana ʻaʻole hiki iā ia ke pale aku i nā baki e hiki mai ana mai nā pilikia ʻino. Hoʻokahi wale wahi hapa o nā hua a ola a hiki i ka wā makua. I ka wā pinepine e luku ʻia nā keiki e ka lā e hoʻomaka koke ana, ka mea e hāʻawi koke i ka hoʻomaloʻo ʻana i nā kino wai koke.
ʻO ka manawa o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā hua manu ka mea e kau ana i nā kūlana kaiāulu a me nā hoʻohālikelike o ka wā a hiki ke lōʻihi mai 5 mau lā a ʻekolu mau pule, ma hope o ka honu huluhulu, mai nā huahehe e kū mai ai i hoʻokahi mahina a ʻekolu paha.
I ke kiʻi, ʻo ka baki muzzle
Loaʻa kahi kala ʻeleʻele, nā pēpē, ʻaʻole like me ko lākou mau mākua, aia i kaʻoiaʻiʻo, i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana me ko lākou nui, kahi huʻu nui, ʻelua i ka nui o ko lākou mau kino. A ma hope o hoʻokahi mahina ʻē aʻe paha ka limu maʻamau, hoʻomaka lākou e hanu maʻalahi, a nalowale nā ʻili.
Ke ola nei kēia mau mea i kahi makahiki 12 paha, inā ʻaʻole lākou e lilo i mau mea no ka poʻe predator i lele ma luna o lākou. Ua hoʻohana ʻia nā baki, nā mea ulana, nā ʻeke a me nā holoholona ʻē aʻe i ka hopu ʻana i nā baki, nā manu - nā ʻalā, nā gull, nā mea kanu. ʻO nā ʻenemi hoʻi o kēia mau amphibians he mau nahesa.
Ke noho maʻamau
E like me nā amphibians ʻē aʻe, hiki i ka frog muzzle ke loaʻa nā hana like, kahi i pili ai i ke ʻano o ka lewa e puni ana. Ke hele ka wā anuanu, lilo lākou i papa liʻiliʻi. ʻO ka hiki i kēia mau amphibians ke hanu ʻaʻole wale me nā māmā, akā me ka maka holoʻokoʻa o ka ʻili e pono ai ka ʻehu ʻūʻele. Hiki i ka makani maloʻo ke hoʻopau iā lākou. No laila, hoʻopau ka frog i ka hapa nui o ka manawa i ka wai, hoʻoneʻe i kekahi manawa mai ka reservoir a i kahi mamao ʻaʻole 20 mau mika. Hiki iā lākou ke hūnā ma lalo o nā aʻa o nā kumulāʻau, ma nā lau hāʻule, lau nahele. ʻO ka maʻamau ka hapanui o ka ea o ka ea ma mua o 85%.
I ka wā e hoʻoilo ai, i Kepakemapa a ʻOkakopa paha, hele aku ka rog no ka hoʻoilo. Hoʻopili ʻia ia ma ka ʻāina, peʻe ma nā ʻuā kahiko o nā rodents, ʻōpio a me nā papa lalo.
Muzzle Frog
ʻO Marsh frog (Rana arvalis) kahi kaulana kaulana a ʻōlelo ākea o ka ʻohana Real frog. Noho ia i nā biotypes like me ka mauʻu, a he like nui i kēlā me kēia a me ka waho a me nā biology. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka ʻakaʻī ke alo i ka hana nui a kūʻokoʻa i ka hana kūlohelohe a pono hoʻi i ka moʻolelo kūʻokoʻa.
ʻO ka wehewehe ʻana o ka frog Muzzle
ʻO ka loa ka loa o ke kino o kēia frog he 8 cm, akā no ka liʻiliʻi iki - i ka 5.5 cm ka lōʻihi o 1.8 mau lōʻihi, ʻo nā hips he 2.5 cm, a ʻo nā wāwae he 2.8 cm.
He pokole ke kino, papakū. Ua kuhikuhi ʻia ke poʻo, akā like ka laulā a me kona lōʻihi. Nā puka kūlike ma ka mamao mai ka palena o ka muzzle a me ka ihu mua o nā maka. O luna ke haumana. He kikowaena ka lumi waena interorbital, i ʻole ka laulā o ka laulā o nā maka o luna a me ka mamao ma waena o nā ihu. Ua hōʻike maikaʻi ʻia ka eardrum.
ʻO nā manamana wāwae o ka wāwae mua e haki ʻeha, ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi ma mua o ka lua. ʻOi ka pāpaʻi kalaunu kūloko, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hapa ma ka manamana lima. Ua wehewehe pono ʻia ka wahi ʻeleʻele.
Ma ke kua a me nā ʻaoʻao paha loaʻa nā tubercles o nā ʻāpana like ʻole, ʻoiai i ka laulā maʻamau o ka ʻala o ka ʻala o ka puʻu muzzle.
ʻO ka leo kaila holoʻokoʻa o ke kino o luna. Loaʻa ʻia i ka ʻulaʻula, ka oliva māmā, ka melemele, ʻulaʻula a me ka poʻe ʻulaʻula. ʻO nā wahi ʻeleʻele e pihi ana i hope mai nā maka i nā poʻohiwi. Nā wāwae Hind mai luna mai i nā wahi ākea a me nā wahi palahalaha. ʻEleʻele a hāmiʻulu paha ka ʻaoʻao o ke kino a me nā wāwae. ʻAʻohe wahi o kahi ʻōpū. I ka manawa hana, lilo nā kāne i ka uliuli polū me ke kala kala.
He aha ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka muzzle frog a me ka laʻu grassy, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike ma aneʻi.
Hoʻokaʻawale kekahi mau mea kākau i nā ʻano o nā poli o nā maka i koi ʻia i loko o nā pūʻulu 4, hiki ke loaʻa i nā huaʻala like.
- ʻAukā ʻia. Ma ka hope o ke kahe ʻana o ka pūʻulu māmā a i ʻole nā kihi o ka ʻaoʻao o ke aniani. Kāwīwīwīwīwīwīwīwīwīwīwīwīwīwāwīwīwīwīwīwīwīwīwī ʻia ana o nā pōpoki hope.
- Kākau kiʻi. ʻAno ʻia ka kui dorsal a hoʻololi i nā wahi māmā o ka ʻano elongated.
- Hoʻokomo motley. ʻAno i ka manawale ʻia ka dorsal, ma ke ʻano he nui nā kikohā uliuli liʻiliʻi e hui pū ana i nā wahi, i hoʻokumu ʻia i nā wahi ʻeleʻele nui.
- Kūleʻa kala kala. ʻO ka ʻaoʻao o ka dorsal he brown brown, i kekahi manawa ma waena o nā lipia dorsal-lateral aia kahi wahi kōkua ʻōuli U-ʻano.
Mālama
Ka mahele ma ʻEulopa ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau-hikina o Farani, ma Suetena, Finland, ma ka hema i ke kai Adriatic, ma ka hikina a me nā Urals, aia nō ia ma Western and Central Siberia, ma ke komohana o Kazakhstan, ma ka hikina o ka lahe a hiki aku iā Altai a me Yakutia. ʻO ka Frog Muszle wale nō nā ʻano o nā amphibians tailless i ka tundra. Ua loaʻa ia ma nā ululāʻau, ke ala lāʻau-ala a me nā ʻāpana steppe, a me nā zi-semi (wana ʻo Kazakhstan) a ma nā kuahiwi i kahi kiʻekiʻe o 800 m ma mua o ke kai.
Loaʻa ka moor frog ma nā wao nahele, nā wahi me nā wahi, nā māla, nā ʻāina hoʻopōmaikaʻi, nā māla, nā māla, nā māla lau o nā mea kanu, nā māka nui i nā alanui, kokoke i nā hale. I ka pinepine pinepine i ka noho ma nā ululāʻau deciduous (alder, oak, birch) a me nā ʻano heʻe wai. I ka manawa like, ʻo ia ka mea nui loa-ke ʻano kūpaʻa ma waena o nā bako i loaʻa i ka nahele, ma kahi ʻōpala maloʻo. ʻO ke kūlana koʻikoʻi no ke ola o ka baki koi i mua, ʻo ia ka hele ʻana mai i loko o nā wahi wai kūpono no ka hoʻoulu hou.
ʻO nā hua baki muzzle ikaika loa i ke ahiahi, akā hiki i ka ʻike pinepine ʻia i ke ahiahi. Ma lalo o nā kūlana kūpono, hoʻomau mau lākou ma nā wahi like ʻole a mai neʻe iā lākou mai nā ʻoi aku ma mua o 25-30 mau mika. I ka manawa like, hiki iā lākou ke hana i nā neʻe lōʻihi o ke kauwela i ka ʻimi ʻana i nā wahi e ʻoluʻolu a maikaʻi loa i nā meaʻai. Ke alakaʻi nei ka frog muzzle i kahi kūlana kiʻekiʻe, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka mea i loaʻa i ka lau.
Ka Hōʻala Kila
Hōʻike pinepine ʻia ka hana ʻoi i nā baki māhu nui i loko o nā hale waiwai like e mau nā huaʻī palu. Hana lākou i ka nui o nā loko wai kūpaʻa me nā mea kanu ulu lāʻau. ʻO kekahi manawa hānau lākou i ka bogs peat.
I kekahi mau manawa laha mau maʻa i loko o kahi pākaukau.
ʻOi aku ka ʻoi mau lālani a nā ʻohana frog a ka wela, no laila e puka hou ana mai ka wā hānau. Wahi a ke hoʻomaka, hoʻomaka ko lākou wā male. Hōʻike ʻia nā males ka kala kala, i kēia manawa ke kapa ʻia nā kani kani ʻokoʻa o nā wahine. I loko o kekona kekona, hoʻopuka nā rana e pili ana i nā kani kūʻokoʻa 4-7 O ke mele ʻana o nā kāne, he mea hoʻomanaʻo paha ia i ka ʻīlio ʻīlio ʻīlio ʻīlio ʻana paha
Kūpono ka wahine i nā hua he 2750. ʻO kekahi manawa e hāʻawi ka wahine iā lākou i ka manawa, a hana kekahi i nā masonry ʻo 2-3. Poha aku nā hua hou i ka hohonu, akā i ka manawa, ua kū hou nā pūleo like me ka nui o ka wai a kū lākou i ka wai. ʻO ka manawa o ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā baki muzzle e pili pū me ka manawa o ka mauʻu.
Ke ola nei ka frog witty a hiki i 11 mau makahiki.
ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino mau ʻōpiopio i hele wale i ka metamorphosis mai ka tadpole ʻaʻole iʻoi aku i ka 2 kenimika. Wahi a nā nohona ola, hiki i nā mea kipa o nā ʻano no ka wā akomi ma ka 2-5 mau makahiki. I ka manawa like, ʻo nā kāne, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, ua ʻoi aku ma mua o nā wahine. Ke kūlohelohe nei, ola i nā pōkā witty a 11 mau makahiki.
I waena o kēia mau ʻano, ua ʻike ʻia kahi ʻano kūikawā - polymorphism genetic. ʻO ia, i loko o kahi heluna he nui paha nā ʻokoʻa i kēlā me kēia - kekahi i nā ʻalā a hala ʻole. Hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia nā ʻokoʻa genetic ma waena o kēia mau ʻano ke kino wale nō i ka waiho kala, akā i ka hāmeʻa ʻana. No laila, ʻoi aku ka mau maka o ka mau puʻupuʻu koi mau pale i nā ʻano kīnā ʻole, no ka laʻana, i nā metala kaumaha. Pēlā lākou i ʻae aku i nā ʻōlohelohe kanaka i hana ʻia e nā kānaka.
Inā loaʻa ʻoe i kahi hala, e koho i kahi ʻāpana a me ka paʻi Ctrl + Kākau.
Ke kaupalena nei i nā ʻano a me ke kūlana
ʻO nā ʻenemi nui o ka ʻala i ka ʻili i ka kūlohelohe he mau ʻano kūpeʻe ʻoiai, ʻoiai ua ʻai ʻia nā ʻiole e nā pipi. ʻAi ʻia nā hua ʻai a me nā ʻalā o ka ʻalā e nā tadpoles o ka pōkā, a me nā ʻūlio ʻulaʻula (red-bellied toad, loko frog) a me nā manu (ducks).ʻAi nā ʻōpio a me nā pākeke i nā iʻa (perch, pike maʻamau, etc.), nā amphibians (lake frog), nāu (nāhelehele maʻamau, Nikolsky viper), nā manu (mallard, hina heron, bigtern, black-head gull, rook, magpie, red-footed goblin, maʻamau palua, a me nā mea a me nā mammals (common fox, muskrat, wild boar, etc.). No kekahi o lākou (ʻO ka pana ʻoni a Nikolsky), ʻo ka baki i kūkulu i 20 mau pakeneka a ʻoi paha ka nui o ka meaʻai. Kūkulu ʻia ka Cannibalism, ʻoiai ka hapanui o ka larva - he pili me kahi larva - he hua hua.
ʻO nā poli Muzzle he ʻano ākea ākea a maʻamau e noho ana ma ka māhele Saratov. ʻAʻole pono nā ʻano holoholona i nā pale palekana kūikawā. Hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ka hoʻohui ʻāina III i ka Hui Berne.
Kāleka
Hoʻokomo ʻia ka leo kala maʻamau i ka laʻana, no ka laʻana, ma kahi lā ua aniani nā aniani. ʻAno hina ke kala, ʻulaʻula, ʻōwele, brown a ʻulaʻula paha. Ke keʻokeʻo a ʻeleʻele paha ka ʻōpū o ka ʻalā muzzle no kahi pākuʻi ʻole a i ʻole nā ʻāpana ʻulaʻula, brownish a hina paha i ka ʻāʻī a me ka umauma.
Kanikau
Hoʻokomo ʻia nā ʻiona, nā nahesa, nā loko bako, nā pua, nā liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, nā kahawai wai, nā ʻalā liʻiliʻi, nā ʻalā, nā mea hana manu, nā mōmona, nā alopeke, nā ʻahu a me nā hedgehog.
ʻO ka palaka muszle, male ma ke kāhiko lole
Meaʻai / kai
Holoi ka huaʻū ʻūlā nunui no nā neʻe ʻōpiopio, ke hopu koke nei i ka mea i ʻino me kahi alelo ʻoni. Kau ka mea ʻai i ka hale: nā pepeke, spider, hoʻopiha, nā pōpoki, nā anuʻi, nā lemi, nā ʻalopeka, nā wahi ʻai o nā rana e noho ana ma ka wahi i kūalaha ai. ʻO ka nui o ka papa meaʻai a me ka kūpaʻa o ka baki e hoʻoholo ʻia e kāna ʻona meaʻai. Inā ʻaʻole i lawa ka meaʻai a i ʻole loli paha ke ʻano o ka nohona, hoʻomaka ka ʻōwili i ka lele i nā wahi ʻē aʻe. Ke neʻe nei ka neʻe i ka wikiwiki i ka wikiwiki o 3-20 m i kēlā me kēia lā, ʻoiai ʻaʻole wale nā ʻāina meaʻai, akā hiki ke loli nā biotopes. Hiki i kēlā mau neʻe i loko o kekahi mau pule, a no nā manawa ʻelua a ʻelua paha.
ʻAno lawehala
ʻO ka hapa nui o ke ola kaʻi ʻana i ka baki ma ka ʻāina, ka wai i ka wai i ka wā mua. Ka hele ʻana i ka ʻāina, koho ʻo ia i kahi kūpono kūpono, maʻamau ʻo ia me kahi wahi o 200-300 sq. M., kahi e hānai ʻia ai ʻo ia a pale i ka ʻohana. Noho nō kēia pūnaewele ma ka hoʻoilo. Holo i ke ahiahi a hoʻoikaika nui ma waena o 20-22 mau hola. Ma hope o ke aumoe, hoʻomaka ka hana i ka hāʻule, a mai ka 4 hola i 18 mau haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. I ka hana hemahema, hū ʻia ʻo ia ma lalo o nā loko wai, i ke kauwela a hūnā ia i nā wahi keu hou aʻe (ma lalo o nā lāʻau hina, a mau pihi, a me nā mea he nui.) ʻO nā lau ʻala hoʻi i haki ʻia no ka hoʻoilo mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana o Kepakemapa a hiki i ka hopena o ʻOkakopa. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka lā hānau ma 165-170 lā. Ke haʻalele nei nā rana ʻōpio no ka hoʻoilo ma mua o nā pākeke. Hoʻolima ia i ka ʻāina ma nā pūʻulu: i nā lua i uhi ʻia me nā lau, i nā ʻōpala o nā kumulāʻau a me ka pulupulu, ma nā māho o nā rodents, etc.
Waʻa lau / pua
Hoʻomaka ka wā hoʻoulu i ka hoʻomaka o Malaki-Iune, ma mua o kekahi mau lā ma hope o ka hoʻoilo o ka hoʻoilo. Hoʻokomo hoʻokahi wahine i ka hua 500-2700 (ma muli o ka makahiki). ʻO ka ʻāpana o ka hua me nā pūpū he 7-8 mm, ʻaʻohe moloka 1.2-2 mm.
ʻO Muzzle frog, kāne a wahine
Hoʻohui
ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka tadpoles he 5-8 mm., Ma mua o ka metamorphosis 35-48 mm. Ma nā palukū hou hou, ʻaʻole mākaʻikaʻi nā ʻāpana o ke kino. Ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ke poʻo mai ke kino e kahi māka ʻana i hoʻomālamalama ʻia, a ua pālaʻi ʻia ka hope o ka hua ʻula i loko o kahi ʻoi lōʻihi. ʻO ka huelo e puni ʻia e ka panana ākea e holo ana ma hope o ka larva. ʻEleʻele ka Tadpoles. I ka ʻōlelo waha me ke aniani nui, hiki iā lākou ke noʻonoʻo i ʻekolu mau lālani niho niho keratinized. Ma hope koke o ka hipi ʻana, hoʻomohala aku nā mea kanu waho, ʻokoʻa i ka lōʻihi. I ka hapa mua o ka hoʻolālā larval, ma mua o ka puka ʻana o nā ʻōpū o nā palahalaha, i ka wā e holo ʻia ai nā hana o ke ʻano o nā ʻano iwi ʻē aʻe, e piʻi ana nā tadpoles o ka frog muzzle e 0.4 mm i kēlā me kēia lā. Loaʻa nā hoʻolālā larval a pau i nā lā 60-65, akā i nā hihia kūʻokoʻa loa hiki iā ia ke kū i 120 lā. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka metamorphosis i nā lā 4. ʻAi ʻo Tadpoles i nā kele, nā diatoms a me nā algae ʻē aʻe, nā mea kanu kiʻekiʻe, detritus a ma kahi liʻiliʻi o nā invertebrates aquatic. ʻAi lākou i ka haki, akā hoʻopulu wale ʻia nā mea kanu meaʻai i ke ao. I ka wā o ka metamorphosis, pani ʻia ka mea kanu no ka manawa pōkole a hoʻomaha hou ma mua o ka pau ʻana o ka climax metarmophic. ʻO nā lau wai metamorphosed hou e kiki ana i nā lāʻau kuʻekuʻe, nā wāwae wāwae a me nā arthropods liʻiliʻi.