Hoʻoulu ka ʻīlio me ka ʻīlio puaʻa a he 30-38 mau kenimika ma ka paona o 1-1.5 kg (he mau manawa hou aku), a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka mau kāne a ʻoi aku ka momona ma mua o nā wahine. He like nō ka holoholona i ka like me ka groundhog i loko o ka puka ʻana o ke kino umauma a me nā camouflage (like me ke ʻano o ke ʻano o ia wahi) ʻāpana: ʻū pinepine ke kua i ka melemele a i ka melemele-hina paha me ka uhi ʻia o ka ʻōpū. Ule pōmaʻomaʻo ka hulu ma ke poʻo o ke poʻo ua ʻoi loa ma mua o ka helehelena o ke kino, a ke ʻike ʻia nā kaʻe keʻokeʻo ma luna o ka pūhaka, a ʻoi aku ka maka o ka maka a me ka ihu.
He niho niho nui ko ka rodent a he koʻi lahilahi olakino mua loa: inā pono, ʻai ʻia nā meaʻai i nā ʻeke pipi liʻiliʻi. I nā pepeiao o nā ʻīlio me nā ʻīlio hihiu ua koʻikoʻi nui lākou a aneane e ʻike i lalo o ka hulu. He nui nā maka, aʻeleʻele a hoʻonohonoho i ka laulā, e hāʻawi ana i ka ʻike piha o nā ʻōpala. Hoʻopau nā manamana lima me nā manamana lima e hoʻopili mau ana, koi a paʻakikī. Ma nā wāwae kuʻi mua, ke kī aku ai ke kolu o ke lima i mua. Ma nā wāwae o ka wāwae, ulu ka huluhulu. ʻIli maikaʻi ka huelo, akā ʻaʻole i lōʻihi (e pili ana iā 4-1 cm), ka like me ka waihoʻoluʻu o ke kala o ke kino holoʻokoʻa.
Hoʻoikaika pili ʻana
Nā kolana o kēia mau rodents i helu ʻia he mau tausani poʻo me ke anawaena o ka ʻokoʻa ma mua o ʻekolu mau ʻeka no ia hectare, a ʻoi aku ka nui o ke ʻewalu. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ke kolone i nā pūʻulu ʻohana, aia kekahi mau kāne, mai ʻekolu a ʻelima mau wahine a me kā lākou mau lālā (mai 6 a 30. I loko o ka ʻohana, ua maluhia ʻo ka maluhia a me ke kuʻikahi - ma ka hālāwai ʻana e haki nā holoholona i kekahi i kekahi, a i ka wā e ʻike ʻia ai lākou, lawe pinepine lākou i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ka hulu.
He hoihoi! Hoʻohanohano kēlā ʻohana o kēlā me kēia ʻohana i ka hemahema o kāna mau waiwai a, aia ka mea i hele mai ai kahi malihini, hoʻonohonoho i kahi kū i ka palena. Loaʻa ka mea lanakila o ka hakakā internecine i ka manawa e hoʻonui i kāna hoʻomoʻo (ʻoi aku ma mua o ka mika).
Ma kahi o ka lua e kū mau ai ka mea mālama i mālama ʻia i nā hoahānau o ka pōpilikia i ka manawa. Hiki iā ia ke kolohe a he leo paha e like me kahi ʻoki. Aia ma muli o ke ʻano o ka hōʻailona kani, ke mākaukau nei nā ʻīlio me ka neʻe i ka huhū o ka ʻenemi a holo paha i ke kuahiwi maoli. ʻO ka hapa nui o ka rodents hibernate i ka hopena o Iulai - i ka hoʻomaka o ʻAukake, e ala ana i ka lā Pepeluali - Malaki wale nō.
ʻO nā kamaʻilio ma lalo
Ua paʻa a paʻa loa nā ʻuā o nā ʻīlio me ka hohonu - a hele pinepine lākou i lalo o 3-5 mika. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO kēlā me kēia lua (me ke anawaena o nā lālā he 15 cm) i loko o kahi papa o nā kaila makana me nā ala pālahalaha a me nā alualu mau ʻana. Pono nui nā kamaʻilio ma lalo o ka ʻāina a palekana lākou mai ka luku nui ʻana i ka wā hoʻoilo a hāʻule i ka wā.
Ma kahi kuhi o 1 ha, a hiki i ka 54 mau puʻu ākea e alakaʻi ana i ka hale o nā ʻīlio meʻa ke helu ʻia. Wahi a nā zoologist, ʻo ka lōʻihi o ka lua o kona mau kaila i luna o 300 mau mita, ʻoiai ʻo ka ʻāina o ka māhele o ka ʻohana, e like me ke ʻano, ʻaʻole iʻoi aku i kekahi mau mita square.
Nui! Aia nā pahuhopu i lalo o nā kahua ma lalo - ua hoʻokaʻawale kekahi mau hale no nā lumi mālama, a ʻo kekahi i ʻoihana me nā keʻena iwi.
E haʻalele ʻia mai ka hale nui, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kahi lua kaawale no ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā pono kūlohelohe: e hoʻohana a hiki i ka hoʻopiha ʻia me nā feces. Inā ʻaʻole hiki i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ke kanu ʻana, ua kanu ʻia a loaʻa kahi wahi hou no ia.
ʻO ka wehewehe ʻana o nā ʻīlio meārani
DogsAkai me nā ʻīlio me nā mea āpau, nona nā ʻohana baiki. Ua kākau mua mākou e pili ana i ka ʻike o ka protein ma kā mākou pūnaewele, no laila, loaʻa iā ʻoe ka manaʻo ka mea āu e pili ai. Akā, ʻaʻole like like loa nā ʻīlio me nā kiʻi i ka mea kuʻuna, ʻoiai ʻaʻole kēia ka mea e pale iā lākou i ka loaʻa ʻana i ke kaulana a me ke aloha. No laila, ʻo ka lōʻihi o kahi ʻīlio puaʻa makua pākeke a hiki i ka 30-38 kenimika, me ke kaumaha o 1-2 kilograms. I ka manawa like, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā kāne a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka wahine. Hiki ke kala i ka ʻīlio ma nā ʻīlio meake me ka brown-hina a i ke aniani ʻōmaʻomaʻo. ʻAkole nā ʻōpū o nā ʻīlio, a puʻilima a pōkole loa. Nui nā maka, ākea e ʻae ʻia e nānā i kahi ākea, pālahalaha ke poʻo a puni, ʻoiai ke ʻano ʻeleʻele hoʻi ka kala o ke kapa ma ke poʻo. A, i nā maka a me nā pāpālina, ʻike ʻoe i nā aniani māmā. ʻAʻole lōʻihi nā huika o nā rodents, uhi ʻia i ka lauoho mānoanoa, a ʻokoʻa i ka kala, hilinaʻi ʻia i ke ʻano o ka ʻīlio puaʻa. ʻO ka pepeiao o nā holoholona, ua pōkole a ʻike ʻole ʻia lākou i lalo o ka mānoanoa o ka hulu.
ʻAe, mai kahi kiʻi paʻi hiki ke ʻike ʻia ke ʻano ʻo kēia mea hana like me ka marmot i kahi o ka squirrel a i ʻole ʻīlio paha. Akā, hoʻopunipuni ka nānā.
ʻOka me nā ʻīlio manuahi
He ʻokoʻa a koʻikoʻi paha kēia mau mea kanu. Ma ke ala, ua kapa ʻia lākou ʻīlio prairie , a me nā mea āpau ma ke ʻano - i ka ʻaoʻao komohana a i waena o ʻAmelika ʻAmelika, e noho ana lākou i nā ʻōhua, kahi a lākou e noho ai i nā kolana nui. Ma ke ala, he nui nā 5 mau ʻīlio o nā ʻīlio me he nui lā kāu i ʻike ai, noho nā holoholona ʻokoʻa ma nā wahi like ʻole.
Aia kekahi ʻīlio me kahi kūlike hope o Gunnison, keʻokeʻo-ʻoni, ʻoniʻoni, Mekiko a me nā ʻīlio Maʻa Jut ...
ʻO nā pua ʻeleʻele
ʻO kēia mau mea i loko o nā nohona kūlohelohe he hanana pālahalaha paʻakikī loa, nāna i hoʻokumu ʻia 1 kāne, mau wahine a me kā lākou mau keiki maʻamau. ʻO kēia nā ʻohana nui e noho nei i nā ʻīlio meālia. ʻO ko lākou wahi e noho ai, hiki iā lākou ke eli i nā punawai hohonu i kūkulu ʻia i kūkulu maikaʻi ʻia a ʻaʻole lākou e hopohopo i ka pohō i ka wā ua, ʻaʻole hoʻi i ka haehae ʻana o ke one. He mau pahu lāʻau paʻakikī kēia kulu e holo ana ma ke alaloa ʻana a kaomi a laila pae i waho. Ma ka manawa like, ma kēlā mau lua e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke loaʻa nā keʻena ʻē aʻe - nā ʻenekele, nā wahi e waiho ai nā ʻīlio me ka nui o ka ʻīlio, pakele i nā mea wīwī a i ʻole ka waipū. Wahi a nā poʻe loea. ma ka awelika, ka lōʻihi o ka lua o kēlā mau pahu me nā ʻōlani āpau ma mua o 300 mika.
ʻO ka ʻanoʻano ʻīlio me
Pihoihoi paha, ke ʻano o ke ʻano o nā ʻīlio puaʻa e manaʻo ai he mea naʻaupō kēia mau meaola. ʻO ia ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ke ʻike aku nei ʻo ia i kahi mea iʻa, nā ʻīlio prairie e hana nui a i ke kani a i nā leo e hoʻomaopopo ai i nā holoholona ʻē aʻe, a ma hope wale nō hoʻi e hū ʻia i loko o kahi lua. I ka manawa like, hiki i nā ʻīlio me ke ʻano o nā ʻano leo ʻē aʻe, a laila e ʻakaʻaka ana i nā ʻano like ʻole e pili ana i ke ʻano o nā ʻano o nā mea ʻōiwi, ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke pale aku. Pau wale ka mea i koe no ka ʻoi ʻana i ka pilikia e pili mai ana a pakele.
Hoʻohana ʻia ka hana o kēia mau holoholona i ke ao, ʻoiai i ka pō, ʻaʻole e like me ka hapa nui o nā ʻano lāʻau rodents, he ʻīlio me nā ʻīlio me nā moe. ʻAe, eia kekahi ʻīlio pua keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo, kahi e hoʻomaʻamaʻa nei no ka hoʻoilo. ʻO ia kekahi o nā mea liʻiliʻi o kēia ʻano ʻānela i kahi hiamoe hiamoe lōʻihi.
Hiki i kēia mau holoholona ke noʻonoʻo pono? Mālama nā mea ʻike. ʻO ka mea mua, ʻo nā ʻīlio meʻa ka meaʻai no nā holoholona ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka lua, ua lilo kā lākou mauʻu i home no nā ʻano holoholona ʻē aʻe. A, eia kekahi, ʻo nā pauku a me nā kaila o kēia mau rodents e kōkua i ka hoʻōla a me ka hoʻōla ʻana o ka lepo, a ke kōkua pū nei i ka ʻano like ʻole o nā mea kanu ma kēia ʻāina. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole i manaʻoʻiʻo ka poʻe mahiai iā ia, a hoʻomaikaʻi i nā ʻīlio me ka ʻīlio.
ʻO ka hana hou ʻana o nā ʻīlio meʻa
ʻO ka mālama ʻana o ka rodents i nā kūlana o ka makemake, no laila ua lawe mai nā ʻīlio me ka ʻōpala i kēlā me kēia makahiki. I ka manawa like, hoʻomaka ka makā male i ka mahina o Malaki-ʻApelila, a ʻo ka wahine hapai iho ka lōʻihi o 28-32 mau pule. I hoʻokahi manawa ma ka litter, from 3 to 8 puppies is born, but on average 5, hānau nā pēpē i kapa kapa ʻole a makapō wale ʻia, akā hāmama nā maka o lākou no 35 mau lā. I ka 6 mau makahiki o nā keiki, hoʻomaka lākou e haʻalele i ka lua, a lilo i kūʻokoʻa. Ke hoʻoikaika piha ʻia nā pēpē, hiki i ko lākou mau mākua ke waiho iā lākou i lua a kūkulu i kahi mea kokoke.
He mea kūpono paha ka mālama ʻana i kahi ʻīlio me ka home ma ka home
Ma hope o kou noʻonoʻo ʻana i ke ʻano o ka noho ʻana o kēia mau mea i loko o ka hihiu, pehea a me nā mea e ʻai ai lākou, pehea e hoʻohua ai, ka pane i ka nīnau o ke kolo ʻana o ka mālama ʻana i kahi ʻīlio puaʻa i ka home e hōʻike iā ia iho. Eia kekahi, i nā'āina o ʻEulopa a me USA, i ka manawa hoʻokahi, ua kauʻia kahi pāpā ma luna o ka hoʻouka ʻana a me ke kūʻai ʻana aku i nā ʻīlio hihiu. ʻO ka mea ʻoiaʻiʻo aia ma ka 2003 kēia mau rodents nui i hana nui i ka wana o ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo ka wai monkey. A i mea e pale ai i ka maʻi pālahalaha a me ka hoʻomake ʻia o ka maʻi mai, ua hoʻoholo ʻia e pāpā i kā lākou mālama e like me nā holoholona no nā makahiki 5 e hiki mai ana. A, ʻoiai ua hala ka manawa mai kēia manawa a ʻike ʻia ka papa ʻana, e noʻonoʻo hou inā paha hiki iā ʻoe ke hāʻawi i ka ʻīlio palekima i nā kūlana ʻoluʻolu i loko o kou home, a i ʻole ke kau ʻana iā ʻoe iho ʻaʻole e hōʻeha i kāu holoholona, . ^ E Ha yM.
Inā makaʻu ʻole ʻoe i nā luʻu, a e puhi pū me ka makemake e loaʻa kahi ʻīlio me ka home, e hōʻike ʻia ʻoe e aloha ʻoe iā ʻoe iho me nā kumu nui o kona mālama ʻana ma ka home. Eia nō naʻe, ʻike koke mākou i ka mālama ʻana i ia mea nui i loko o ke pio ʻana, ʻaʻole maʻalahi. ʻAʻole kēia no ʻoe a ʻaʻole hoʻi. ʻO ke ola o nā ʻīlio me ke ʻano pio a hiki i ka 7-8 mau makahiki, e hoʻokele ai i ka mālama pono a kūpono hoʻi. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka lawe pipi, me ka wikiwiki e loaʻa i nā lima a he maʻalahi hoʻi ke aʻo, a laila loaʻa ʻoe iā ʻoe kēlā manawa kēia manawa e hoʻāla i kahi mea aloha a me ka ʻoluʻolu.
- ua like ia me kahi mea nui loa. Ua loaʻa i kona inoa no kāna ʻano hana. Hele mai i ka ʻona, nā ʻīlio me nā ʻīlio ʻano nui e like me kahi ʻili, a hui pū me lākou me nā pua ʻehā. I ka wā e noho ai nā ʻīlio me nā ʻīlio ma nā kahe o ʻAmelika ʻAmelika i ka nui.
Akā me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā papa aliʻi pristine e nā luna o ʻEulopa, ka pōmaikaʻi ilio meadow ua hiki mai ka hopena. I ka wā mua, ua make kā lākou mau kolamu ma lalo o ka palau, me ke ʻano ʻole o nā ʻīlio puaʻa e noho ma luna o ka ʻāina hiki ʻole. A laila hele mai ka huli ʻana o kēlā mau ʻīlio mekiu e noho ana i ka pā. Ua inaina aku nā kahu hipa a me nā kahu hipa i kēia mau holoholona no ka mea ua huki pinepine lākou i ko lākou mau wāwae pipi. Eia kekahi, ua luku ʻia nā ʻīlio hihiu me he mea hoʻokūkū no nā holoholona. Ma hope o nā mea āpau, hānai nā ʻīlio me nā hua ʻōpio i nā hua ʻōpio, nā ʻōpala, nā pua a me nā huahele o ka mauhelehele.
I kēia manawa ʻīlio me aʻu mālama ʻia ma nā wahi palekana i nā kaona o ka ʻona a me nā wahi mamao loa o ʻAmelika ʻAmelika. Ma kekahi mau wahi, mālama ʻia nā kolone o nā ʻīlio me nā ʻīlio nui.
ʻO nā kiʻi hoʻi e haʻi aku ma mua o nā huaʻōlelo.
Ua aʻo ʻia kahi ʻano noiʻi e nā mea noiʻi ma ka University of Maryland's American Center for Environmental Science. Ua hōʻiliʻili nā ʻikepili i nā mahina i hala mau mahina mai 2003 a 2012 i kahi mālama ma Colorado. Eia, ʻo ia hoʻi ma Wyoming, Utah a me Montana, kahi olaila ʻulaʻula o nā ʻīlio manuahi (Cynomys leucurus) e ola ai. Noho kēia mau holoholona liʻiliʻi ma nā pā kula, ma ka ʻāina maloʻo i uhi ʻia me ka mauʻu pōkole. Ke hoʻoikaika nei lākou i ka lā, e peʻe ana i ka pō ma loko o kā lākou mau lua poka. ʻOkoʻa ka ʻīlio manu keʻokeʻo i ʻokoʻa nā mea i kū mai i ka ʻāpana o kona huʻu, akā pū kekahi i loko o kahi mahina e hoʻoilo ma ia mahina. ʻO ka ʻīlio puaʻa ʻeleʻele ʻia (Cynomys ludovicianusus), he hoʻokaʻawale, ikaika e holo a puni ka makahiki a he neʻe nō hoʻi i ka hau. I mea e aʻo maikaʻi ai e pili ana i ke ola o C. leucurus, ʻepekema maoli "noho like me lākou," kākau a National Geographic. Ua ala pū nā mea noiʻi i ke kakahiaka, hoʻopio i nā pou nānā a waiho wale iā lākou ma hope o ka ʻīlio hope e hiamoe ana i kāna lua. I ka 2007, ʻike kekahi o nā mea ʻepekema mai kahi mamao i kahi hana o ka ʻīlio puaʻa a puni kekahi rodent. Ua manaʻo ʻia he kanaka makua kēia e pepehi ana i ka cub o kekahi ʻīlio. Ma ka laulā, ke ʻano o ia mau ʻano i loko o nā ʻīlio me ka nui, akā, ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia e ʻimi pono nā poʻe keʻokeʻo. Eia naʻe, ma hope o ka nānā ʻana o ka mea i hana ʻia, ʻike nui ka ʻepekema i ka ʻimi: ʻo ke kino o nā mea i make ai kekahi: ʻo Wyoming gopher (Urocitellus elegans) - kekahi lālā o ka ʻohana baʻi. I nā makahiki ʻelima e hiki mai ana, ua ʻike ʻia nā mea ʻepekema "101 pepehi kanaka gopher, a i nā hanana 62 ʻē aʻe i hōʻike ʻia" like. " ʻO ka hapa nui o nā "hewa" i hana ʻia ma Mei - i ka manawa e waiho ai nā gophers i nā mink no ka hānai ʻana ma hope o ka hoʻoilo. ʻO nā "Hunters" nā pālua o nā wahine like ʻole. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole i ʻai ka ʻīlio hihiu i ka ʻai: he mau holoholona makehewa lākou. Wahi a nā mea loea, ke luku aku nei i nā gophers kū like i ka wā, e hakakā ana lākou no ka meaʻai. I ka honua o nā holoholona hihiu, ua loaʻa kēia: nā mau mea kanu manu like me nā kiʻi hiki ke luku aku i nā mea hoʻokūkū, akā ma kēia hana ʻaʻole lākou e hoʻowahāwahā i ka ʻai ʻana i kāna ʻiʻo. Ua haʻalele maoli nā ʻīlio me nā kino o nā mea i manaʻo ʻole ʻole e mālama iā lākou. Ua ʻike ʻia nā ʻepekema ʻokoʻa loa mai nā ʻīlio manuahi a ka poʻe i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e ka make, a ʻo ka poʻe e hele nei i ka "ʻimi" hana me kēia mau ʻano like ʻole. ʻO kekahi ʻīlio i make i ka ʻopekopa i ka ʻehā mau makahiki, a ʻo kekahi i make i ʻehiku i ka lā hoʻokahi. Akā he mea kūpono ia: ua lilo i mea ʻoi nā "poʻe kālai" i ulu a ikaika hou i ka poʻe olakino ma mua o nā lālā aloha o ka lehulehu. Pēlā, ʻo kēia ʻano hana e ulu ai, i nā kūlana o nā waiwai palena ʻole, ke huli ʻia a hiki ke ola ʻia a ʻaʻole pono hoʻi i ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā mea mua o nā meaʻai o nā mea kanu. e 'ike
Ma USA, ua hoʻohana nui ʻia nā ʻīlio me nā ʻīlio puaʻa a ʻoi loa ka makemake o Rusia ma lākou. ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana a me ka mālama pono ʻana o kēia mau holoholona he mea pilikia loa, akā inā he laki maikaʻi ʻoe e kiʻi mai i ka wā ʻōpio, a laila he aloha maikaʻi loa ʻoe no ke ola.
He aha nā ʻīlio puaʻa?
ʻO Rodents o ka ʻohana baʻi, mai ka ʻĀkau o ʻAmelika Hema. Ke alakaʻi nei lākou i kahi nohona o kēlā me kēia lā a noho i loko o nā kolana nui. ʻOiai i loko o nā holoholona hihiu, hoʻopau ka ʻōpio ʻōpio i ka hapa nui o kā lākou manawa i ka pāʻani me kēlā me kēia, e hoʻoikaika ana i kā lākou pilina pili. He aha kā mākou e hiki ai e pili ana i ka mālama home! E hauʻoli lākou i ka pololi me ʻoe. Hiki i kahi ʻīlio puaʻa ke holoholona aloha aloha a aloha i ke ʻano maikaʻi loa a ʻike ʻia i ka wā ʻōpio (a hiki i 10 mau pule). Mea ʻai ʻona a ke pāʻani nei no kekahi mau hola i hoʻokahi lā no nā hebedoma mua he koʻikoʻi ka hana ʻana i kahi pilina ikaika. ʻO ka awelika o ke ola ma ka noho pio ʻana he mau makahiki he 10-12; ʻo ka pākeke e pili ana i ka nui o kahi puaʻa guinea.
He ʻīlio maikaʻi loa ka ʻīlio me ka holoholona hihiu ma ke ʻano o kā lākou ʻōlelo ponoʻī. Hiki iā ʻoe ke aʻo hou e pili ana i kā lākou kamaʻilio ʻana ma kahi ʻatikala me mea e pili ana i nā ʻīlio meʻa . ^ E Ha yM. Hoʻomaopopo lākou i nā huaʻōlelo a me kekahi mau hui, e aʻo wikiwiki. Inā kāhea ʻoe iā ia, e hele mai iā ia. Akā hiki iā lākou ke paʻakikī loa :)
Hoʻopili nui nā ʻīlio i kā lākou haku e mākaukau lākou e pale iā ia i ke kumukū o ko lākou ola. Ua nalowale, ʻaʻole e hoʻi ka holoholona i ke ola "hihiu", e like me nā holoholona ʻē aʻe ʻē aʻe. Ma ia mea, e ʻimi ʻo ia i kona mea ae noi aku i ke kōkua mai kēlā me kēia kanaka āna i hālāwai ai. Inā lōʻihi ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana, a laila ke hālāwai me ka mea nona, ʻaʻole mau palena o kāna ʻoliʻoli.
Inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e hoʻoluliluli (castrate) ka ʻīlio puaʻa a hiki i ka 10 mahina, a laila i ka manawa o ka mākaukau no ka ʻaʻa, hiki iā lākou ke lele aku i ka mea nona a me kekahi poʻe ʻē aʻe me ka ʻaʻole ʻōlelo. No laila, mea pono inā hopohopo e pili ana i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka mea doktor i hiki ke hana i ka hana ma mua o ka manawa!
Loaʻa nā ʻīlio me nā ʻīlio manuahi a hiki iā lākou ke huki nui (i ke koko). He mea paʻakikī loa ka loaʻa ʻana o ka mea loea, no laila ke noi nei mākou e kūʻai i ka puke "E lawe mai ana i kahi Prairie Dog Pupua Pae i kāu home" a hōʻike iā ia i ka mea lapaʻau.Kēia puke kēia i ka wehewehe kikoʻina o ka kaʻina hana. Inā maopopo ʻoe ʻaʻole ʻoe i mākaukau e makaʻala nui i ka holoholona, a laila ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā kānaka ʻelua i hiki ke lilo i hoaaloha a pāʻani, ʻaʻole i minamina. ʻAʻole lākou ka poʻe i waiho wale ʻia i ka lā a pau i ka hale.
Nā kūlana no ka mālama ʻana i nā ʻīlio meʻa
A lawe ʻoe i ka peka i ka hale, pono ʻoe e mālama i kahi terrarium kūikawā me ka nui o ka 50-60 lita, e waiho i ka mauʻu a me nā kaona T-shirt kahiko i loko o ia mea e like me ka moena, hiki iā ʻoe ke kau pū i kahi pā wela i luna. I loko o 3 mau lā, e nānā pono ʻia ka pēpē e ka veterinarian e nānā i ka kūlana o ke olakino a ke kipa ʻia no kahi ulia pōpilikia. ʻO nā hoʻokolokolo maʻamau e hana ʻia i hoʻokahi makahiki i ka makahiki.
A laila, pono ʻoe e hoʻomākaukau i kahi kahu pāpale ākea 60x60x120 cm (lōʻihi), ka mamao ma waena o nā koʻokoʻo, ʻaʻole iʻoi aku i ka 1.5 cm. Inā maikaʻi ia inā ʻoe e kau i nā kaila, kahi wili holo nui a me kahi wahi neoneo e moe ai ma laila. ʻAʻole pono e hanaʻia nā wili i ka uapo a me ka mea kila, akā paʻa ka lāʻau a i ʻole nā papa hoʻohālike. No ka noho ʻana o nā ʻīlio me nā ʻīlio i nā lua i ke kūlohelohe, ʻoliʻoli lākou e kahe ʻana i ka lepo, no ka mea hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻonohonoho i kahi pali me nā ʻāina kūikawā.
Ma mua o ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi pīpī, pono ia e hana i nā kūlana no ia e pili kokoke i kāna kahua kūlohelohe. E nānā i ka hale, e hoʻokaʻawale i nā wires a me nā mea pōʻino, no ka mea e huki lākou iā lākou. Hoʻopili i ke komo ʻana i ka lumi me ka lumi a me ka loko, ua pākaha loa lākou a hiki ke kipi i ka pepa kīkē a i ʻole kahi e pāheu ʻia i loko o ka loko.
Inā ʻoe e hāʻawi ana i ke kūʻokoʻa o ka holoholona i ka neʻe ʻana o ka hale, a laila e nānā pono i ka hale no nā pōʻino kūpono! Mālama iā lākou mai nā aniani a me nā aniani, ka wai a me nā ʻea.
He nui nā mea nona ka home inā loaʻa ʻoe i ʻelua kanaka i loko o ka hale, e aloha wale nō lāua kekahi. Akā ʻaʻole naʻe kēia, makemake nui lākou e hoʻolimalima manawa me kā lākou "ʻohana." No ka mea e noho nā ʻīlio me nā ʻīlio nui i nā kolone nui i ka lepa, paipai nō mākou i ʻelua e hiki ai iā lākou ke pāʻani i ke ao holoʻokoʻa a hiamoe pū.
Kēia pēlē holoholona e lilo ʻoe i kahi puaʻa aloha nona e ulu a ulu aʻe. ʻO kā lākou mau leʻaleʻa maikaʻi a me ke ʻano leo e kamaʻilio pū me ʻoe e hāʻawi iā ʻoe i ka hauʻoli
Pehea e hānai ai i nā ʻīlio meʻa?
ʻO ka papaʻaina o nā ʻīlio no 98% kahi o ka mauʻu maʻamau (Timofeevka meadow). Ma nā kīlapa hihiu, ʻai lākou i nā mauhele āpau a puni ka lua, kahi e hāʻawi ai iā lākou i ka ʻike maikaʻi no ka pale ʻana mai nā mea hōʻino. Hoʻopili i kahi mauʻu māmā, pono ʻoe e hāʻawi i ka meaʻai granular (pellets of hay, alfalfa, a ʻili liʻiliʻi) i nā wahi liʻiliʻi, a ma ka mālama ʻana hoʻi, ka wīwī palaoa, zucchini a me ka ʻōhī i loko o ka pōʻai, ʻuala momona (ʻuala momona) a me ka maʻa.
ʻO ke kauwela a me ka hoʻoilo, hiki i ka holoholona ke ʻai a hiki i 1 kg o ka mauʻu hou i ka pule. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hāʻawi i nā hua a me nā huaʻai, nā pepeke. ʻAʻole lākou ʻilihue loa i ka meaʻai, akā maikaʻi loa hoʻi lākou.
Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā pane kōkua i nā nīnau. e pili ana i nā ʻīlio manuahi i ka home ma kahi ʻatikala.
ʻĪlio Meadow: mālama a mālama pono
- KEKAHI MAUA
- Ka inoa: ʻEliʻele ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele (Cynomys ludovicianus)
- Mālama: West US
- ʻO ka nui o ka hui kaiaulu: 10-20 kanaka ma ka coteria, mau tausani ma ke kaona
- ʻO ka manawa hāpai: 32 mau lā
- Loaʻa ke kūʻokoʻa: 6 pule
- Teritori: a hiki i ka 400 ha
He ʻīlio nui e nānā a mālama pono ai i kahi ʻōpala o nā pua. Lawaʻi kona mau wāwae i hiki i ka holoholona ke hoʻopaʻa i kahi lāʻau ma ke ʻano me he "lima".
ʻO nā ʻīlio meadow, ka mea i koho i ke noho ma ke Komohana o United States, ʻaʻole maopopo loa paha i ka hapa nui o ka poʻe Europa. I kā lākou puni, loaʻa nā holoholona nui i kahi kuleana nui, ʻoiai ua pili nui lākou i ke ʻano.
ʻAʻole i makemake nui ʻia, ʻo nā ʻīlio puaʻa, i manaʻo ʻia nā pōpoki o ka ʻāina mahiʻai, ʻo ia ke kumu o ka hoʻoikaika nui e hoʻopau iā lākou. I ka hopena o kēlā mau hopu, ua emi iho ma mua o 2% o kēia mau holoholona i waiho ʻia mai nā kānaka mua o nā ʻano.
ʻO ka paʻakikī koʻikoʻi e pili ana i ka ʻīlio me nā ʻīlio me ka makemake nui i nā zoologists. Hōʻea nā mea loea i nā ʻīlio meilei ʻeleʻele a me ka wā pinepine iā lākou e like me ke ʻano maʻamau o nā hui like ʻole.
ʻO nā ʻīlio Meadow nā loina o ka rodents ʻohana squirrel (no ka laʻana, ʻo kā lākou nāaniani maʻamau a he hina lākou. Ma ka maʻamau o ka ulu ʻana o ka poʻe i ka 30 cm ka lōʻihi a ʻoi aku hoʻi i ke kilokilo, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā kāne ma mua o nā wahine. He mau wāwae nui nā ʻīlio me nā ʻīlio ikaika e ʻoka ai i nā lua. Ua kapa ʻia kēia mau holoholona i nā ʻīlio no ka hana kani kani kani ʻana, e like me nā ʻīlio. ʻAi ʻia nā ʻīlio me ka lau nahele a me nā lau, ʻo kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o kā lākou ʻai he inuna a me nā pōpoki, ʻoiai nā ʻano like ʻole o ka rodents. ʻElima mau ʻano holoholona o kēia mau holoholona i ʻike i ka ʻepekema, akā ma kēia ʻatikala e hoʻolohe mākou i nā ʻano maʻamau maʻamau - ʻo ka ʻīlio manu ʻulaʻula (Supotus ludovicianus).
Kauka ʻīlio
ʻO ka humalulu a me ka huluhulu manuʻula ka hiʻohiʻona o nā ʻano ʻīlio o ka ʻīlio. Noho ka hapanui o nā poli he nui i loko o nā pūʻulu he nui, akā ko lākou pili pili ponoʻī, ʻo ke kāula ʻāina ʻEulopa e makemake i kahi lua i loko o ka kolone.
ʻO ke komo ʻana i nā ʻīlio "ʻōlio" o nā ʻīlio me ke ʻano he funnel i ʻano ʻia me kahi puʻu heʻe a lalo a ʻelua mau mika. Aia ka umu ma kahi o 30 m lōʻihi. Ua ʻohi ʻia nā holoholona i ka lepo a puni ka puka. ʻO ka puʻu i kūkulu ʻia a hiki i ka 1 m ke kiʻekiʻe e mālama i ka wahi nānā a me ka pale i ka hiki ʻana i ka waikahe. Ma ka awelika, ʻo ka 100 mau puka komo ma kēlā he hetar, e hiki ai i nā ʻīlio ke hūnā ma kahi palekana i kēlā me kēia manawa.
Aia ka lua i nā kāʻei no ka meaʻai, nā lumi no ka hale a me nā wahi ʻē aʻe. Kokoke lākou āpau i ka maka, no laila e lohe mau ʻia nā ʻīlio inā aia nā mea kokoke i ka kokoke.
ʻO nā kūlanakauhale o nā ʻīlio prairie kahi hopena koʻikoʻi i ka ekology o nā anuʻu. Hiki i kekahi mau holoholona ke noho i nā lua lua, kahi a me nā ʻalelue manu a me nā manu hepa manu ʻole - nā manu i hoʻoweliweli ʻia e pau. Hoʻopilikia ka pōmaikaʻi o ka ʻīlio i nā mea kanu a kōkua i ka pale ʻana i ka ulu palupalu, he maikaʻi ia no nā holoholona hūʻā
He ʻohana
Ma ke kānāwai, 4-5 mau keiki i hānau ʻia nā ʻīlio i kēlā me kēia makahiki. ʻO nā kahu a me nā makapō pēpē mau ke kanu ʻia no nā pule eono. I kēia makahiki, hoʻomaka lākou e haʻalele i ka lua a emi koke ka ʻai ʻana i ka waiū. Ke hoʻomau nei ka ulu ʻōpiopio me ka coterie a hiki i ke makahiki he ʻelua, a laila waiho nā kāne a waiho i ko lākou coterie. ʻAʻole wikiwiki nā wahine wahine e haʻalele a hoʻonui i ka ʻohana.
Hoʻopili loa nā pilina ma ka coteria. Hāʻawi ka ʻohana o kekahi i kekahi i kekahi me ka hana i kapa ʻia he "honi." Hoʻopili kahi i kekahi me kā lākou mau waha hāmama, hoʻopā nā holoholona i ko lākou mau niho. ʻO kahi hanana maʻamau i waena o nā ʻīlio me ka lewa e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i kēlā me nā kapa hulu o kēlā me kēia. Hoʻokomo pinepine nā wahine i nā pēpē wahine. Eia naʻe, haʻalele nā kāne mai ka pūnana a hiki i nā bipi keiki i hiki i nā makahiki he mau hebedoma. I kēia manawa, mālama pono nā kāne i ke kuleana e noho i ka ʻāina i koho ʻia. ʻO ka hakakā ʻana me nā kamaʻāina o nā hale kūʻai ʻē aʻe e luhi pinepine i ka hakakā kūloko.
ʻO ka ʻīlio Meadow e kiaʻi mau ana i ka pihi o ka lepo e hoʻopuni ana i ka puka o kāna coterie. Aia ko kēlā me kēia ʻohana nā pākuʻāina nona ma lalo o ka ʻāina.
Hōʻalo nā ʻīlio kekahi i kekahi, ke hoʻopili nei i ko lākou mau niho a me ka uha ʻana i ko lākou huelo, a me ke alualu ʻana i ka hoa paio.
E kiaʻi ʻānō
I ke ao, ua kiaʻi ʻia ka burrow e kekahi hoʻouna. Aia ʻo ia ma ke kuahi e kokoke ana i ke komo ʻana o ka puka, kahi āna e ʻike ai i ka ʻike o ka pōʻino. Aia ka maka o ka holoholona ma ka ʻaoʻao kiʻekiʻe o ke poʻo, e hāʻawi ana i ka ʻike ākea āpau. Ke ʻike ʻia ka mea hoʻouna i nā mea hoʻoweliweli, hoʻokomo ʻo ia i kahi hōʻailona pōpilikia, e like me ka hele ʻana, a laila e ʻoluʻolu ai i kēlā me kēia manawa ua hiki ke hūnā ma kekahi lua.
Ua manaʻoʻiʻo ʻia nā ʻīlio me nā ʻīlio paʻakikī i waena o nā holoholona āpau. Ma kahi o 11 mau ʻakaʻā ʻē aʻe i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, e hōʻike ana i nā ʻano o nā mea wānana ma kahi kokoke. Hoʻopili ʻia nā Screams me nā ʻano ʻano posture, e ʻae ana i nā holoholona a puni e loaʻa i ka ʻike ākea e pili ana i ka pilikia. ʻAi.
ʻO nā ʻano ʻīlio meʻa
ʻOiai he paʻakikī ke ʻano o nā ʻano ʻokoʻa, he maʻamau ia i ke kamaʻilio e pili ana i ʻelima mau ʻano o nā ʻīlio meʻa.
- Kiʻi puaʻa Cynomys - ke kāʻili manu o Gunnison,
- ʻO Cynomys ludovicianus - ʻoiʻo kaʻu ʻona.
- Cucomys leucurus - ʻīlio keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo.
- Kahoaka manu cynomys - meilei kai
- ʻO Cynomys mexicanus - ʻo nā ʻīlio mexican mexican.
ʻO nā ʻano o rodents ʻokoʻa i nā hana o ka hoʻolaha leo a me kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona morphological, no ka laʻana, ka nui a me ke ʻano o nā molars. ʻEleʻele ka ʻāpana o ka huina o ko Mekiko a me nā ʻīlio pua ʻeleʻele, aʻo ka ʻai ma nā ʻano ʻē aʻe he keʻokeʻo ia.
He hoihoi! ʻAʻole hiamoe ka poʻe āpau i ka hoʻoilo: he ʻīlio meʻa ʻeleʻele, i hele mālie me ka uhi ʻana o ka hau, e hōʻike ana i ka vivacity a puni ka makahiki. Akā aia ka ʻīlio me ke ʻano kūloʻo keokeo i loko o nā lima o Morpheus noʻeono mau mahina ʻeono.
ʻO Habitat, noho
ʻO nā ʻīlio me nā ʻīlio he mākaʻāina kūloko o nā manu o ʻAmelika ʻAmelika, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o kāna mau wai. ^ E Ha yM. Hoʻomaka ka ʻano ʻo nā rodents mai nā ʻaoʻao hema o ke aupuni o Saskatchewan a hopu iā ia i kekahi mau mokuʻāina ʻo US - North and South Dakota, Kansas, Texas, Wyoming, Utah, Nebraska, Oklahoma, Montana, New Mexico, Colorado a Arizona.
Aia nā ʻīlio me nā ʻīlio he nui i nā wahi o Northern / Central Mexico. Hoʻonohonoho ʻo Rodents i ka hale ma ke kahua pālima a me nā ʻāpana semi-wao, kahi liʻiliʻi nā mea kanu liʻiliʻi. ʻAʻole makaʻu lākou i nā heiau - ʻike ʻia nā holoholona ma nā kuahiwi (ma luna o 3 km ma luna o ke kai.
ʻAiʻai ʻo ka ʻīlio me
ʻO ka mea ʻai nā rodents ka mea kanu mua, akā i kekahi manawa e hoʻomaʻemaʻe lākou iā lākou iho me ka protein holoholona, ʻai i nā iniseti steppe. Ke hele nei i ka ʻimi ʻana i ka mea hānai, e paʻa pono i nā lua. ʻO ka ʻoi ʻana o nā ʻīlio me ka nahelehele e ʻōlelo i kahi ʻāina bald maikaʻi: ʻo nā ʻōpio e palaki maoli i nā lau e ulu ana ma luna o ia mea, ʻaʻole ia e pale i ka ʻike.
Pahu a keiki
He liʻiliʻi nā liʻiliʻi ma ka pili ʻana o nā ʻīlio meʻa. No laila, ʻike ʻia e hoʻomaka ana ko lākou hā male ʻana i hoʻokahi makahiki a make a (me ka hana kōleʻa lanakila) me kahi ʻōpala hoʻokahi. Hānau ʻia ka wahine i hoʻokahi keiki ma kahi o hoʻokahi mahina (mai 28 a 32 mau lā), hānau mai i ka puna (i ka lā Malaki, ʻApelila a Mei paha) 2-10 pēpē makapō. Hoʻomaka lākou e ʻike e pili ana i nā lā 33–37, a i ka hiki ʻana aku i ko lākou makahiki 7 hemo a lilo lākou i kūʻokoʻa a hoʻomaka e kaʻe mai loko o ka lua.
Nui! Hiki i ka ulu liʻiliʻi o ka ulu haʻahaʻa ma mua o ka 3 mau makahiki. Ua ʻike ka poʻe kūlohelohe i ka maʻamau o nā hanauna kahiko o nā rodents e waiho ana i nā lua i noho ai, a waiho ana "ʻōpio" ma laila.
Ke hoʻāʻo nei nā kāne ʻelemakule i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ko lākou wahi noho ma ke kuokoa o kā lākou hoalauna, e hoʻopuni ana i ko lākou mau palena, a e hele paha i ka ʻimi ʻana i nā plots manuahi. Eia ua hakakā lākou, ʻohi lākou i kā lākou mau lua a hana pū i kā lākou ʻohana ʻohana.
Ka pae o nā kānaka a me nā kūlana
Wahi a kekahi mau lono, he hala lōʻihi i ka manawa he nui aku ka nui o nā ʻīlio puaʻa ma ka lewa ma mua o nā kānaka, akā ua lanakila nā mea hope i ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka nui o nā rodents. Ua hāpai kā ka poʻe mahiai ʻAmelika ʻAmelika i kā lākou luku, me ka manaʻo e ʻai nā mea kanu i nā mea kanu i manaʻo ʻia no nā holoholona. Ua hoʻopuka ʻia nā kiʻi ʻano e neʻe nei: i ka makahiki 1905, ʻo ka lehulehu o nā ʻīlio me ka nui o ka ʻīlio e noho ana ma Texas, aia ma kahi o 800 miliona mau holoholona, akā ma ka hopena o ke kenekulia ua hāʻule ko lākou helu i ka 2.2 miliona.
ʻO ke kumu o ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana, ʻo ia ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā kūpuna, a ma ko lākou kīloi ʻana. ʻAʻole hiki i ka make ʻana o nā ʻīlio me ka pili i ka nui o nā holoholona ʻē aʻe e noho ana ma nā wai. Ua nalowale nā mea kūʻai aku i ka meaʻai o nā meaʻai (he mau rodents), a me nā mea kanu manu - nā wahi mālama i ʻike ʻia nā ʻīlio me nā manu ʻole.
Maikaʻi maikaʻi ʻia nā Rodents i ka noho pio ʻana a hana i nā kāne. ʻO ka ʻīlio hihiu home ʻole e ʻimi e pakele mai ka noho pio ʻana a aloha i kona hale kūlou.
Kahuaa
Pono ka ipu kahi e noho ai ka holoholona a laila e ʻeli ai kahi lua i laila. ^ E Ha yM. No kēia mau pahuhopu, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻololi i ka pākiki nui a i ʻole nā hale piha i piha i ka lepo a i ke one. Eia kekahi, pono ʻoe e loaʻa nā mea hoʻolalelima, nā lālā a me nā mea pāʻani e hoʻāʻo maoli ka mōʻī ma ka niho. Kūʻai i nā ʻano lāʻau inā ʻaʻole ʻoe makemake i ke ʻano make ʻana e ka palaka.
ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, pono i kahi pā hale e pono ai ʻoe e kau i kahi kīʻaha inu me ka wai hou a me kahi mea lawe ceramika kaumaha a hoʻomau mau nei. Akā ʻo nā kūlana ola maikaʻi kūpono ʻole e hōʻoiaʻiʻo i ka ola lōʻihi o kāu hoa hou.
Nui! ʻO nā ʻīlio āpau he thermophilic koʻikoʻi, a hiki ʻole i ka wā hānau (e like me ka ʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele), hiki iā lākou ke ʻona a nāʻo a make paha no ka manawa lōʻihi inā hāʻule nā ea o ka ea ma ka aquarium i +12 degere Celsius.
Ma ka manawa haʻahaʻa, ʻike ka kino o ka rodent i ka hypothermia, kahi aneʻi e alakaʻi mau ana i nā anuanu. Inā ʻike ʻoe ʻaʻole lawa ka holoholona, e hoʻohana i kahi pad wela, e kau ana ma luna o kahi puaʻa.
Hānai i nā pēpē
Hāʻawi pinepine nā mea kalepa maikaʻi ʻole i nā pēpē i ʻike ʻole i ka ʻai ʻana ma kā lākou iho. He mau ʻāpana liʻiliʻi loa nā holoholona ʻoi loa ka "pēpē pēpē": ʻaʻohe o lākou manawa e hōʻiliʻili ai, ʻoiai e hoʻomāmua ana lākou mai ka umauma o ko lākou makuahine. Pono kēia mau hoa pōpilikia i kahi pā wela, akā pono ʻoe e waiho i loko o hoʻokahi ʻāpana o ka aquarium (waiho ʻia ma lalo o ka pae) i hiki i ka ʻoluʻolu ke neʻe i kahi kihi, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi.
E hānai i nā pēpē, pono ʻoe i kahi syringe a me Pedialyte (kahi hoʻonā electrolytic no nā keiki me ka maʻi maʻi) i kūʻai ʻia ma ka hale kūʻai. A laila neʻe aku penei:
- Hoʻohui i ka waiū piha a me ka pedialyte (ma nā ʻāpana like). ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi e kūʻai i ka waiū kūikawā no nā pēpē.
- E hānai i kāu pēpē me ke kaupaona ʻana ma 150-200 g, me ka lawe iki i ka lulu i loko o kona waha.
- Hoʻohana ʻia ka hānai i kēlā me kēia hola 2–4, ka nānā ʻana i ke ʻano o ka holoholona.
- Pono e hōʻoia i ka hāʻuleʻole ʻana o ke kino.
Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻoluʻolu i ka pēpē me ka wela o kou kino, no ka laʻana, ma ka umauma, hiki i kēlā me kēia manawa ke hāʻawi iā ia i ka lewa ke pau ʻole ka rodent.
Nā meaʻai rodent makua
ʻO kahi ʻīlio hihiu nui i ka pūnāwai / kauwela e ʻai e pili ana i 1 kg o ka mauʻu i ka pule. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO ka ʻāpala, ʻoiai ʻo ka mea momona kūpono loa e pono ai, e noho ma kahi o 3/4 o ka meaʻai i kēlā me kēia lā. Eia hoʻi i loko o ka papa hana o nā ʻīlio me ke ʻano:
I ka hoʻoilo, me kahi hapa o ka mauʻu, ua kūpono nō hoʻi nā lau lau. I ka hoʻoilo, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻololi i nā greens a me nā lāʻau ʻala uliuli.
Nā hana kūpono
Inā hoʻoneʻe maikaʻi ke rodent a puni ka hale, hoʻihoʻi ia i ka hale kahu / i ka mea hoʻihoʻi i ka hale. No ka lua, ʻo ka pā iʻa, kahi mamao loa mai ke kahua pākahi a me ka "lumi ʻaina", kūpono.
He hoihoi! Ke ulu nei, lilo nā ʻōpio i nā mea ʻilihune a he hewa ʻole.
E mālama pono e hoʻomāwili i nā uaina, e pani i nā kihi, mai haʻalele i ka lāʻau kalalā lāʻau Kalikimaka a me nā mea ʻea hale ma ka pūnaewele. ^ E Ha yM. ʻAʻole hoʻopuehu i nā kāʻei a me nā mea liʻiliʻi ʻē aʻe - e koho nō nā ʻīlio me ka hūnā iā lākou.