Loaʻa ʻia ʻo ia ma ka loko, kahi a me nā wai hou. Noho ʻia ma ka Pae ʻo Yenisei, ka ʻeha o ka Yenisei, ka Pyasin, Boganida, Khantayka nā ʻāpana, nā ʻāpana o lalo o ka muliwai ʻo Khatanga, a me nā loko o Keta, Labaz, Lama. Ma ka loko Keta aia kahi mokulele - Kravchuk's goby Triglopsis quadricornis krawtschukii Mikhalev, 1962 (Bogutskaya, Naseka, 2004, Nāʻokoʻa o nā iʻa Taimyr, 1999).
Paʻu ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula me kahi paʻu brownish. Aia ka puʻu ventral ma luna o kēia ʻāpana. Loaʻa i nā pōpoki nā kīwī transversʻele a i ʻole nā pua. ʻAʻole i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā membran gill i ka lumi intercostal a hoʻokumu i kahi lālā manuahi. Ma ke preoperculum, ua hoʻolaha ʻia nā pōpoki 4. Ma ke kāwili ʻana a Kravchuk, ʻoi aku ka pōkole o ka hā o ka hā. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino i loko o nā loko wai i ka 28 cm, i nā ʻona wai - a hiki i 40 cm. ʻO ke kumu o ke kīnā he iʻa a me nā mea kanu zoobenthos. Loaʻa ka spawning i ka mahinaʻo Dekemapa-Ianuali; ʻike ʻia nā larvae i Mei. ʻAʻole ia he ʻano mea kūʻai.
KA MOHO ANA O KA SLINGSHIEL
Ke alakaʻi nei kahi pua ʻulana i kahi noho haʻahaʻa. Ka ʻae ʻia nā wai ʻona a me nā pākeke i ka ʻano o ka punawai a ʻike ʻia i ka wai paʻakai a me nā wai hou. Lawe ʻia i ke kahakai kahakai. ʻO ka iʻa a me ka loko o Goby-slingshot o nā wai anuanu ma ke ʻano (species arctic).
Ua hiki i ka hopena o ka ʻolihi a i ka hoʻoilo, i ka lāʻo Dekemaba - Ianuali ma ke kai ʻo Baltic, ma Ianuali - i ka hoʻomaka o Pepeluali ma Lake Ladoga.
ʻO nā ʻōhule Baltic hou i hou aku he 9–11.5 mm ka lōʻihi, e ʻokoʻa nā kahe i nā pū i ka wā i loaʻa ai ka larva i ka 14-15 mm. ʻO nā lōʻihi kaila o 19-27 mm i loko o ke Kaiʻula o Ob ua mālama ʻia i nā waha wai a i loko o ka puʻu, ʻo ka nui o nā kumu lepo silika.
Kūpō ka pīpī slingshot i 25-30, ka lōʻihi he 37 cm ka lōʻihi (abs.) (Ke ʻano Alaskan - a hiki i 60 cm, puka Onega - a hiki i ka 12.7 cm) a ke kaupaona ana ma luna o 255 g. 20.5-21.5 cm a me 84.9-114.3 g (kāne a me nā wahine).
O ka loko o nā loko o nā slingshot goby lilo i ka moekolohe a hala ke ʻano he lōʻihi o 9.5-11.6 cm (Lake Osunden).
Mālama i nā holoholona o lalo i nā pōpoki. I ka ʻAwona o Ob, M. ua loaʻa iā M. quadricornis labradoricus ma 90% o nā hihia he ipo kai, ʻo Mesidothea, ma 8% o nā hihia o Amphipoda, a he wā hoʻokahi no ka ʻono o kāna ʻano. Ladoga slingshot, M. quadricornis lonnbergi, makemake nui e noho i ka hohonu a e ʻai no ka nui o nā crustaceans (Pallasea quadrispinosa, Mysis relicta, Gammaracanthus loricatus).
HORSE FISHES
Uʻili liʻiliʻi ʻia ka waiwai o ka bipi ʻōpiopio i loko o ke Kai Keʻena a ma ke Kahakai ʻo Bohemian i ka makahiki 1930-1941. kāhea iā 120-180 c. Loaʻa ka bipi ʻeke nui i nā helu nui ma ka Pulila o Ob a me ka pane ʻole i laila, hiki ke lilo i mea e pili ai i ka lawaiʻa kūikawā. Pono ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka momona o ka bipi kauʻau ʻana a ʻaʻole wale ke ʻōmole wale nō a ʻōlaʻi paha, akā i ke ʻano o nā meaʻai ʻai.
Aihua a me ka papa lawaiʻa
ʻAʻole kūkulu ʻia ke ʻano lawaiʻa no ka bipi slingshot, a ʻaʻohe kumu i koho ʻia a i ʻole ʻia i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe. Loaʻa ʻia ka pīkī pana ʻia e ka iʻa a me nā iʻa ʻē aʻe, ʻike ʻia i ka lāʻau lawaiʻa.
Hoʻokū ʻia ka ʻōkeke. I ka wā e kuke ai, lawe ʻia ka ʻili a ʻoki ʻia ke poʻo. Maikaʻi ka momona o ka bipi ʻōwapa.
ʻO wai ia?
Na kikeke (Triglopsis girard) - he iʻa o ka ʻohana slingshot (kerchakov). Kāhea ʻia nā Slingshot hui ʻehā a i ʻole kerchak ʻehā. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo ka ʻohana Kerchakov ka nui o ka iʻa kai, no ka mea, ʻaʻole ke ʻano he leona wale nō i ke kai, akā he wai nō hoʻi kēia. nā puʻuwai.
Nā Pālākiō:
Nā iʻa kino kūule , kūpaʻa me ke kumu ʻole. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā kāmela Gill i kahi pā. Kahalaha ke kino i ke kūlana, a palulu ʻia i mua o ka iʻa. Nā Alaina lōʻihi25 cm ahana hoʻomakea hiki i ka 320 gram. ʻO ka lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o nā palapala lawena he 40 cm, ʻo ke kaupaona he 500 g, ʻo nā loko o ka loko a hiki i 20-28 cm. spindle ʻano. Nui ke poʻo me nā wailua ʻelua i haʻi ʻia. Ola oi aku ma mua o 11 makahiki.
ʻAno Hoʻohui:
Mea ʻai Māhele mai nā papa hana haʻahaʻa, ʻo nā mea nui amphipods a me mysids.
- ʻO ke kauwela kauwela, ʻoi aku ka ʻai ma nā iʻa, a me ka loko, ua ʻānai ʻia i ka pua, smelt, flounder, cod saffron, keʻokeʻo a me ka stickleback.
- I ka hoʻoilo, ʻo ka hapanui o ka meaʻai i paʻa i nā crustaceans, nā ʻūhā, nā mollusks, a me nā mea i mauʻa. Hoʻopiliʻia, hoʻohana ʻia nā algae a me nā mea kanu aku.
- Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia nā hua ʻōleʻa o nā chironomids, mollusks a me nā iʻa ʻōpio, ka nui maʻa keʻokeʻo, nā māhu a me nā loko. Eia kekahi ko lākou caviar maʻa.
Kālepa:
Kiʻi nui aku nei ke maulua nei Kekemapa - Ianuali i ka wa e pili ana ke ano wai i ka -1 degere. Hoʻomoʻe ka pani ʻana ma lalo o ka hau, ma kahi hohonu o 1-1,5 mika.
Hoʻopau ka wahine i nā hua ma nā pōhaku. He ʻōmaʻomaʻo uliuli o ka caviar. No laila, ʻike maikaʻi ʻia i waena o nā lau mau.
Hiki i nā palupalu o nā wahine i loli nui i ka makahiki a me ka nui. ʻO ka ulu pinepine ʻana o nā wahine ma kahi o 3000-7700 hua. ʻO ka kapeleka i nā wahine nui, me ka lōʻihi o ke kino he 38-40 kenimika, 16600 hua.
Hoʻokahi ka hua manu hoʻokahi ma ka 2cm. ʻIke ʻia nā hua nunui ma Mei, a hiki i ʻAukake ke kiʻi lākou i ka 22cm.
ʻIke ʻana me kahi pana
ʻO ke kapa moe he kino kūʻokoʻa, me ka mea ʻole. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā kāmela Gill i kahi pā. He haʻahaʻa loa ke kino i kona ʻano, a palulu iki ʻia kona ʻaoʻao mua.
ʻAʻole nunui ka poʻo, e kūkulu ana iā 30% o ka loa o ke kino. Ma ke poʻo he 4 mau pilō i hoʻomohala ʻia. ʻO ka ʻōpū o ke kai ua loaʻa nā pōpoki laupital a me ka postorbital ma luna o kā lākou mau poʻo, aʻo nā ʻōpū wai ʻole, ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia nā ʻōmole. 'Nui a ākea ka lae.
ʻEleʻele ka kino o nā keiki hipa ʻehā ʻia. Aia paha he mau ʻoloka ma hope o ke kua. Mālamu mau ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū. Aia i nā pala i nā kāwīwī i pā ʻia a i ʻole nā ʻāpana ʻeleʻele paha. Kūpono ʻia ka lua o ka dorsal lua; ua pau ʻole ia mai ka lua anal.
ʻO ka nui o ka papa.
Hoʻokumu ʻia ka ʻōnaehana sensory i nā puna i loko o nā iwi o ke poʻo, i uhi ʻia me ka membrane kiri ma luna. ʻO nā wahi ʻili liʻiliʻi me nā poli mikroskopela e waiho i nā kanal sensory. Ma kekahi o nā pālule, ʻaʻohe pore. He manawa ma luna o ka moa. ʻAʻole hole ʻole ka uha, ʻaʻole kau i nā kaila 28-48. ʻO Vertebrae mai ka 37 a i ka 42, nā haʻawina pyloric 6-10, a me nā lāʻau kalai he 10.
ʻAʻole aʻo ʻia kēia ʻano holoholona, he paʻakikī loa kona ʻano. ʻO ka mea maoli, ua manaʻo ʻia nā ʻano he paʻakikī, a ua wehe ʻole ʻia nā subspecies i hōʻike ʻia mua a hiki i kahi hana noiʻi hou ʻia.
Ua pālahalaha nā kīpē ʻehā nui
Aia nā kahakai kahakai hiki ke hele i loko o nā wai paakai a wai ʻole hou paha. Akā ma ka hoʻohui aku, aia nā puka wai i loaʻa i loko o nā loko nui i Suetena, Norewai, ʻAmelika ʻAmelika, Finland a me Russia. I ko mākou ʻāina, ua ʻike ʻia kēlā mau ʻano ma Karelia, i nā loko o Oster, Segozero a me Kuito. Noho no lākou nā loko o Onega a me Ladoga. He maʻamau lākou i nā loko o ke kahua ʻo Taimyr Peninsula, no ka laʻana, Keta, Andermey, Lama a me Labaz. Noho ka Slingshot ma ke Kai Waomaʻa a me Baltic. E ʻike ʻia kēia mau iʻa ma nā kahawai ʻo Narova a me Neva, a me nā kahe e kahe ana i ka moana Artctic. Ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o ka Bering Strait, hiki i ka gobies ke Anadyr Estuary wale nō.
Ke ola hoʻi nei o ka male
Noho kēia mau iʻa ma nā kahakai o ke kai ʻākau, ʻoiai, hele lākou i nā kahe a me nā kahawai. ʻO nā hale noho leʻa no ka male ʻawaʻawa a ʻo nā wai kai ʻauʻau, a me nā wai hou. I waena o nā ʻūkā o nā ʻano ʻano he ʻano piha nō hoʻi.
I ke kauwela, ʻai nui nā kīlaha ʻehā i ka iʻa, i ka moana ka iʻa ma ka puaʻa, hāhiʻu, flounder, kīkēnē, keokeo a me ka stickleback. I ka hoʻoilo, ʻo ka hapa nui o ka meaʻai, ua hui ʻia nā mea he benthic: nā ʻiʻo, nā huina, nā mollusks, a me nā kīʻaha. Hoʻopiliʻia, hoʻohana ʻia nā algae a me nā mea kanu aku. Ma nā kaona a me nā kai, hoʻopau ka papaʻai i nā ʻōpio o nā chironomids, mollusks, a me nā iʻa ʻōpio, ka nui maʻa keʻokeʻo. Eia kekahi ko lākou caviar maʻa.
Noho ka Slingshot i ke kūlohelohe a hiki i 11 mau makahiki.
Ke ulu nei ka papa ʻōlelo hau i loko o nā ala like ʻole, hilinaʻi ia i nā kūlana ola. ʻO ka hoʻohālikelike, ulu wikiwiki nā puka moana ma mua o ka wai wai. ʻO nā Gobies mai ke Kaiʻula i ka makahiki he 1 a hiki i ka lōʻihi o 68 milimetro, ma 2 mau makahiki - 165 milimita, ma 3 mau makahiki - 179 milimili a pēlā aku. Ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, ʻo ka lōʻihi o ke kino ma ka 5-6 mau makahiki mai 20-22 kenimika, a ma ka makahiki he 8 mau makahiki - e pili ana i 26 kenimika. ʻO nā mea i hōʻea i ka lōʻihi o 22-24 mau kenimika ke kaupaona ʻana, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, 150-200 pālahalaha.
Kūpaʻa nā wahine i 3-4 mau makahiki, a i loko o nā kāne ʻoi ʻia ka makahiki ʻoi aku ka makahiki. I ka wā o ka spawning, aneane ka palena o ka wahine i ka 1 a 1. Hoʻolā nui ʻia ka piʻina i ka lāʻekemapa i ka lāʻo Dekemapa-Ianuali, ke kahe o ka wai wai ma kahi o ka -1 kekā. Hoʻomoʻe ka pani ʻana ma lalo o ka hau, ma kahi hohonu o 1-1,5 mika.
Hoʻopau ka wahine i nā hua ma nā pōhaku. He ʻoliva ʻōuli ʻeleʻele ka Caviar, no laila ua uhi maikaʻi ʻia ma waena o nā algae. Hiki i nā palupalu o nā wahine i loli nui i ka makahiki a me ka nui. ʻO ka awelika o ka wahine, 20-22 kenimika ka nui, ʻoi aku paha ma 3000 hua, a me nā wahine, 26-28 kenimika lōʻihi, hiki ke hoʻopuka i nā 7700 hua. ʻO ka palupalu i nā wahine nui, me ka lōʻihi o ke kino he 38-40 kenimika, he 16,600 mau hua. Hoʻokahi ka hua manu hoʻokahi ma ka 2cm. ʻIke ʻia nā hua nunui ma Mei, a hiki i ʻAukake ke kiʻi lākou i ka 22cm.
Ke ʻano o kēia ʻano
ʻAʻole ke ʻano o ka lawaiʻa a me ka wai i loko o ka wai ʻalani he ʻehā. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia e hoʻohana i nā meaʻai hoʻohui ʻia no ka iʻa i ka ʻoihana. I ke Keokeo keʻokeʻo, slingshot mau lawaiʻa moʻa ma kahi o 0.5-1% o ka nui hopu.
Inā loaʻa ʻoe i kahi hala, e koho i kahi ʻāpana a me ka paʻi Ctrl + Kākau.