Aia i loko o ka ʻohana nui o nā ʻuʻāina nui, nā pīpī hope mau loa. Mālama kēia mau holoholona pohihihi i nā mea huna a ʻaʻole kēia kahi mea hoʻokalakupua.
ʻOiaʻiʻo, ua noho ʻia nā honu ma ko mākou honua no kahi o ʻelua haneli iwakālua miliona mau makahiki, a ke wehe mau nei ke nīnau o ko lākou kumu. Ua ʻae ʻia ka poʻe kūpuna o nā honu he cotilosaur, he ākea ka nui o nā iwi ona a he ʻano ʻano pale like ʻole, akā aia kekahi manaʻo ʻē aʻe e pili ana i ko lākou kumu.
ʻO ka ʻōpala kahiko loa, ma waena o ka ʻike ʻepekema, aneane ʻelua haneri a me iwakālua miliona mau makahiki, akā naʻe ma kēia ʻatikala e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i kona kaikuahine.
ʻO Proganochelis, ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo triasochelis, ka lua, i ka ʻatikala o ka wā kahiko, ma waena o nā ʻano honu āpau i ʻike ʻia i ka ʻepekema hou. ʻO kahi ʻoi manu kahiko ma mua o ia wale nō ka Odobtochelys semitestacea i ʻōlelo ʻia i luna. ʻO nā poʻomanaʻo proganochelis i hoʻopau piha ʻia e Proganochelydia. ʻO kēia ʻāpana he kahiko loa ma waena o nā mea a pau a ʻike i ka ʻepekema a make loa nei. I kēia lā ua ʻike ʻia ua komo pū kēia subpona i ʻekolu mau ʻohana monotypic.
Ua hoʻohālikelike ʻia ʻo Proganochelis me nā ʻōiwi hou i loaʻa i ka niho, a me kekahi mau hōʻailona ʻē aʻe. Eia nō naʻe, ʻoiai i loko o Odobtochelys semitestacea ka pale o ka dorsal o ke kāʻei, kahi i kapa ʻia ʻo ke kākā, ʻae ʻole loa ia, a laila hoʻi ma proganochelis kēia ʻano hoʻololi nui e pili ana i ke au o kēia wā.
ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona o ka proganochelis a me ke ʻano o kāna hana ʻana
ʻO ka Proganochelis ka pānaʻi quadrangular i kūkulu piha ʻia. ʻO ke kaleka he kanaonokumamāhā kūnita a he kanaonokumamākahi kūbita.
No laila, ʻo ka pena o ka proganochelis he ʻāpana maikaʻi loa ia. I loko o ke kākauʻu, loaʻa ke vertebrae i mālama ʻia a me nā ʻolua. ʻO ke kāʻei kiʻekiʻe, dorsal o ka pōpō he convex a he kiʻekiʻe a i ka ʻumikumamāhiku kenimika.
Ma kona ʻaoʻao hope, loaʻa i ka pale dorsal kahi ʻano laulā hou. Aia i loko o ka pale kaua, i hoʻāla ʻia ai nā vertebrae a me nā ʻāpana me ke kālai. ʻAʻole koʻikoʻi loa nā kino vertebral. ʻO ka pale haʻahaʻa, emi i lalo o ke kalapona (plastron) o ka proganochelis i hoʻopili ʻia me ka pale dorsal, akā naʻe, ʻaʻole mau ia a he mau ʻokiʻoki.
Pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia ka pono like ma waena o ka iwi o ka iwi o ka proganochelis mai nā pānela o kēia wā, he ʻelua mau lā o nā palahalaha o ka huehue, akā hoʻi i nā honu ʻōpala ʻaʻole ʻano o ka ʻano ʻano.
ʻO Proganochelis kahi nuku a me kahi ʻōpala o ke ʻano o ka ʻoki maoli. Ma ka manawa like, loaʻa nō hoʻi ia i kekahi mau o nā hiʻohiʻona, e like me nā niho liʻiliʻi a me kahi pepeiao maʻalahi i mālama ʻia i ka lewa wale nō.
Eia kekahi, ʻaʻole i like me nā kukupa o kēia wā, ʻaʻole i hiki i ka proganochelises ke huki i kā lākou mau wāwae a me ke poʻo ma lalo o ke kalewa. Ma kahi o ka ʻāʻī a me nā ʻāʻī ua paʻakikī a kūpaʻa i nā unahi i ʻike ʻia nā hana palekana.
Aretelona
ʻO Archelon, kahi inoa inoa like ʻole i hoʻohana ʻia e ka nani nani ʻoniʻoni. I ka lōʻihi, hiki i kēia ʻano ke hiki i ʻelima mau mika, ke poʻo ʻo ka ʻehiku o ka lōʻihi o ke kino. Ua neʻe aku kēia mau mele i ka poʻe pōpoki mua, i like pū me nā ʻēheu nui. ʻO ka papa nui o ka ʻeleʻele a me nā mea kanu i noho i ka nui.
ʻAsleloʻā
He mau ʻuhane wale nō a pau i kēia manawa, e like me nā reptile kaulana - nā mosasaurs - makaʻu ʻia kēlā mau kānaka. I ka wā mālama, ua kau nā koholā i nā hua, piʻi aʻe i ka ʻāina, a hoʻi hou i ka moana.
ʻLelo - Atlanta
ʻO ko Turtles - ʻo Atlanteans ke kaupaona ʻana ma kahi o ʻehā mau aniani, ʻaʻole i like me ka ʻAkona, ua noho nui ʻo ia ma ka ʻāina a ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia ka ʻano nui o nā mea nona ka ʻike o ka ʻona. ʻOiai i ko lākou nui, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia lākou e ko lākou hilahila, i ka wā i kū mai ai ka hoʻonā liʻiliʻi, ua huki lākou i ko lākou mau poʻo i lalo o ka mea kaua me ka wikiwiki ʻole. Ma ka meaʻaiʻai ua makemake lākou i nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole.
ʻO ka ʻokiʻu pua ʻo Seychelles
I ka honua hou, aia paha, ʻo ka ʻōpio Seychelles wale nō ka nui o ka nui o ka nui. Ua loaʻa kēia inoa reptile i kona inoa no ka noho wale o ka moku - ʻo ka moku ʻo Aldabra, ʻo ia kahi o ka hui Seychelles. ʻO ka ʻōpio ʻo Seychelles he amphibian nui, e hōʻea ana i hoʻokahi haneli me iwakālua kenimika, he kino squat a he poʻo liʻiliʻi ia. ʻAʻole kiʻekiʻe ka nui o kā lākou lehulehu.
Proganochelis
† Proganochelis | |||
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![]() Hoʻomau | |||
Kahi ʻano ʻepekema | |||
Aupuni: | Eumetazoi |
Kāhea: | † Proganochelis |
Proganohelis (lat. Proganochelys) - he ʻano o nā reptile piha mai ka mana o nā testudinates, kekahi o nā ʻelele kahiko o ka māka i ʻike ʻia e ka ʻepekema - kā lākou mau pua hakahaka i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e ka Upper Triassic (227–201.3 miliona mau makahiki i hala). Ua komo kekahi o Genus i ke kenekulia XX ma ka ʻohana monotypic proganheliid (Proganochelidae) o ka suborder Proganochelydia.
ʻO nā mea e pili ana i nā kukuna
ʻO kekahi mea kupaianaha ka manaʻo o ka neʻe ʻana o nā ʻōkuhi i lawe ʻole ʻia e nā ʻepekema. ʻO ke kumu nui o kēia me ka ʻike ʻole a hiki i kēia manawa ke ʻike ʻole i nā koena o nā ʻano luli o kēia ʻano, ʻoiai ʻo ia ke kumu no ka ʻike ʻole ʻia o nā koena o nā puʻupaʻa kahiko. Aia wale nō kahi manaʻo hoʻohiki nā kau mai ko lākou kumu mai ka reptile mua o nā cotylosaurs.
Me ka hoʻolilo ʻana i ka nui o ka nui, ua hoʻoneʻe ʻia nā ʻelele mau ʻōkuhi o kēia mau niho o kekahi mau niho. ʻO ka hoʻohālikelike i nā kaikuʻu i nā kihi o ko lākou mau mākia ikaika, he hoʻomaikaʻi i hiki iā lākou ke huki i ka meaʻai. Ke ʻai nei i nā meaʻai ikaika a me nā momona e like me ka ʻiʻo, makemake nui nā honu i ka mea ʻānai i kā lākou ʻai i nā mea liʻiliʻi e hoʻohana ana i nā kīhaki o nā wāwae mua. Hāʻawi ʻia kekahi mau poʻe me ka hiki ke ukaʻi i ka meaʻai me ke kōkua o nā ʻūlaha i nā waha.
ʻIke maoli nā ʻano loea i kekahi mau lula liʻiliʻi loa i ka lepo, ma ke ʻano e hoʻohuli ai i kā lākou hoʻolohe maoli ʻana. Hiki iā lākou ke hopu i nā kani haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ma ke kiʻekiʻe o hoʻokahi a me ka hapalua tausani hertz. Pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia ka pono o nā mea auditory wale nō i ka wā e moe ai, i ka wā e huki wale ai nā kāne i ka wahine iā lākou iho me ka hū nui leo. He ʻike maikaʻi kā lākou. Hiki i nā mea ʻona ke hoʻokaʻawale i nā ka pua ākea āpau a koho i ka mea kanu o ka ʻonanui kūwili maikaʻi loa. Hoʻopiha ʻia kēia e kahi ʻano maikaʻi o nā ʻono a me ke ʻano o ka ʻina.
Inā mākou e noʻonoʻo i nā ʻano o nā mea i loko o ka amphibian o kēia papa, pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia ua wikiwiki lākou e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka mea nona, ka hiki ke hoʻomaopopo i ka lactating a loaʻa iā ia me nā ʻōmaikaʻi hoʻokipa like ʻole. ʻOiai hiki i ka maʻalahi ke holo ʻana i nā mea āpau a ke kali wale nei ka luhi me ka mālama hou.
Aneane ʻekekema holoʻokoʻa holokele hou o ka holomua, akā, mamao loa kēia. Aia ma kahi o 230 nā ʻano honu i ka honua, a he 350 paha me nā subspecies A hiki i kēia manawa, hoʻopaʻapaʻa pinepine nā kānaka ʻepekema i kēlā me kēia ʻano ʻano a me kēia ʻano, a me nā inoa o kēia mau ʻano a me nā ʻano ʻano. No laila, hiki pinepine iā ʻoe ke loaʻa nā hoʻopaʻapaʻa i loko o nā papa inoa me nā ʻano honu.
Noho ka ʻUla ma nā wahi āpau: ma ka wao nahele i ka lā, i nā kahawai, nā wao nahele, nā kahe, nā kai, nā ʻāina kiʻekiʻe a me nā kai. Akā, kahi kūlana koʻikoʻi no lākou ka hele ʻana o ka wela. No ka mea makemake lākou i ka wai mahana e hoʻomau i ka genus. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā ʻano honu i ka ʻōpū o ka pau, no ka mea e pau ʻia ai lākou no ka kuke maikaʻi loa a no ka pono o ka lāʻau lapaʻau. Wahi a nā ʻikepili, hoʻokahi make ma kekahi mau lawaiʻa ʻekolu mai kahi hana lawaiʻa. No laila, aia i kēia manawa ʻoi aku ke kōkua a me ka pale o kahi kanaka e pono ai.
ʻO keʻano
ʻO ka proganochelises kahi kīwaha i hana ʻia me kahi kūlana quadrangular. He kālele nui ke kālai ʻia, ma hope o ka pihi. Aia i loko o nā iwi ʻehā a me ka vertebrae i huki ʻia me ka ʻili. ʻIliʻili loa nā kino vertebral. Hāpai ʻia ʻo Plastron me ke kalapu, akā he ʻoki a ʻaʻole ka hoʻomau. He mau lālani ʻelua kamaliʻi a mau ʻōpio i hala, ʻaʻole i mana ʻia i nā ʻōlo i kēia wā.
ʻO ka proganochelises he ʻōlaki a he kui nui o kahi ʻano ʻoki. Eia nō naʻe, aia kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona mua: ka pepeiao maʻalahi, nā niho liʻiliʻi, mālama ʻia wale ma ka pala. Eia kekahi, ʻaʻole i hiki i kēia mau turo ke ʻano o nā honu i kēia wā, ʻaʻole hiki ke huki i ko lākou mau poʻo a me nā wāwae ma lalo o ka manamana. Mālama ʻia nā wāwae a me nā ʻāʻī e nā lāʻau koʻikoʻi, kuhikuhi ʻia.
No kekahi o nā hiʻohiʻona Proganochelys quenstedtii ʻO nā ana ʻehā o ka pūpili i ana ʻia: lōʻihi loa 64 cm, laulā - 63 cm, kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe - 17 cm.
Nā mea kanu o ka ʻano ʻano genus.
Ka helu ʻana a me nā wahi
Wahi a ka pūnaewele Paleobiology Database, ma ka lā o ʻAukake 2019, ua komo nā 3 mau ʻano piha i loko o ke ʻano:
- Proganochelys quenstedtii Baur, 1887 [syn. Proganochelys quenstedti, orth. var., Psammochelys keuperina Quenstedt, 1889, Stegochelys dux Jaekel, 1914, Triassochelys dux (Jaekel, 1914)] - nori - ratGermany
- Proganochelys ruchae de Broin, 1984 - Nori o Thailand
- Proganochelys tenertesta (Joyce et al., 2009) [syn. Chinlechelys tenertesta Joyce et al. , 2009] - nori o ka USA