Daman
Daman Bruce ( Heterohyrax brucei )
Kahi ʻano ʻepekema

Daman (lat. Procaviidae) - he ʻohana o nā mammals liʻiliʻi, ka mea hoʻokahi e noho ana i ka hale hele ʻole. poʻomanaʻo (Hyracoidea). Nā pili 5. He inoa momona kekahi inoa.

Noho lākou ma ʻApelia a me ka Hikina Waena. Ma muli o ke ʻano like i waho i nā rodents, ua hana hewa ka mea kūlohelohe Kelemania ʻo Gottlieb Stor i ka makahiki 1780 i ka hopena o ko lākou pilina pili ʻana i nā puaʻa guinea a hāʻawi iā Cape Damans i ka ʻano ʻano Procavia (mai lat. - "to-" a Cavia) A laila ua loaʻa ka inoa nona i ka inoa Hyrax (mai ka ʻōlelo Helene. ὕρὕρξ - “nāhelehele”).

ʻO ka wehewehe nui

ʻO kēia mau holoholona e pili ana i ka nui o kahi pōpoki home: ka lōʻihi o ke kino mai 30 a 60-65 cm, ke kaumaha mai 1,5 a 4,5 kg. ʻO ka huelo he rudimentary (1-3 cm) a i ʻole. I ka nānāʻana, hoʻohālike nā damans i nā rodents - nā ʻāpana marmots a i nā puaʻa guinea paha - eia naʻe, pili lākou i ka phylogenetically kokoke i nā sirens a me proboscis.

He kino loa ke kino o kā lākou kino, me ke poʻo nui ma ka ʻāʻī mānoanoa pōkole a me nā wāwae ikaika. He pokole ka muzzle, me ka lehelehe luna i luna. Hoʻopili ʻia nā pepeiao, liʻiliʻi, i kekahi manawa kokoke a hūnā ʻia i ke kapa. Holo ka-ana i nā lele-neʻe. Kau forelegs 4-fingereded clawsed were clampling like hooves. ʻO nā ʻāpana huluhulu he ʻekolu manamana lima, ʻo ka manamana lima hohonu e lawe ana i kahi manamana lōlihi lōʻihi, kahi e lawelawe ai i ka lauoho, a me nā manamana lima ʻē aʻe - nā māka like ʻole. ʻAno nā ʻalāʻau o nā wāwae, i uhi ʻia me ka epidermis nui-ʻo nā peni palupalu, he nui nā papa o ka pulupulu e pehu ana i ko lākou lepo, e hoʻomau mau ana i ka ʻili. Hiki ke hoʻoneʻe ʻia i ke kikowaena o ka pā o nā wāwae i ka ʻāʻī kūikawā, e hana ana i kahi ʻano o ka hānai. Hoʻonui ka ʻōpū i ka ʻāʻī. Mahalo i ia mau mea, hiki i nā poʻomanaʻo ke piʻi i nā pali kilohi a me nā hehi o nā lāʻau me ka dexterity nui a me ke wikiwiki a iho nō iā lākou mai lalo i lalo.

He mānoanoa ka hulu o nā pā o Damans, i hana ʻia e ka pālulu haʻalulu a me ke awn paʻakikī. ʻEleʻeleuli ka kala me ka hina hina. Nā kiaʻi o nā freissae lōʻihi e ulu i luna o ke kino (ʻoi aku hoʻi ma ka muzzle ma luna o nā maka a me ka ʻāʻī). Ma waenakonu o ke kua aia kahi ʻāpana o ka elongated, ʻiliʻili a ʻeleʻele paha paha, i ke kikowaena o kahi ʻaha wahi ʻole. Ma kona ʻaoʻao, nā kaila o kahi pā lula kūikawā - ka huahula o nā mokukī o 7-8 lobes i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka sebaceous hypertrophic a me nā ʻūhū kahe - wehe. Kāhea ka mea huna i kahi mea huna e ʻeu nui i ka wā o ka wā o ka hoʻoulu. I nā pōpō ʻōpiopio, ʻoi aku ka hao a ʻaʻole palupalu i ka ulu ʻana, i ka wahine a ʻoi aku ia i nā kāne. I ka makaʻu a hauʻoli paha, e kū ana ka lauoho e uhi ana i ka lepula. ʻAʻole maopopo ke kumu pololei o ka pili.

ʻO nā niho ʻōpiopio i nā pānaʻi makua 34, ka waiū - 28. ʻO ka waha o luna a me ka ulu ʻana o ka ulu mau ʻana, ua pālahalaha ʻia a e like hoʻi me nā mea e loaʻa ai nā mea uʻi. Loaʻa nā pīpī. ʻO ka molars a me nā molars e like me nā niho o ka ungulates. Haka me ke ʻōpū liʻiliʻi nui. Nipples: 1 pālua o ka thoracic a me 2 mau paila o ka inguinal a i ʻole 1 mau mea o ka axillary a me 1-2 - inguinal.

Ke noho maʻamau

Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ma Sub-Saharan Africa, a me Sinai a me Arabian Peninsulas, ma Suria a me ʻIseraʻela. Loaʻa nā poʻe ulu ʻia i Cape Dam ma nā mauna ʻo Libya a me Algeria.

Nā ʻelele o ka hānau hānau Procavia a Heterohyrax - nā holoholona diurnal, noho i nā kolone o 5-60 kanaka i loko o nā savannah ulu, nāhelehele a me nā mea hoʻonoho papa, piʻi i nā mauna i kahi kiʻekiʻe o 4500 m ma luna o ke kai. Nā ʻelele o ka ʻano ʻano Dendrohyrax - nā holoholona nahele pō, noho hoʻokahi a i nā ʻohana. ʻAkuhi āpau nā pūkuni āpau, hiki ke holo koke, holo a piʻi i nā pali a me nā lāʻau.

Hoʻolaha maikaʻi ʻia ka ʻike a me ka hoʻolohe. Kuhi ʻia nā pōʻino e ka thermoregulation malia - i ka pō ʻākoakoa lākou e ʻoluʻolu e hoʻonaninani iā ​​lākou iho, a me ka lā, e like me nā reptiles, hoʻomake lākou i ka lā i kahi lōʻihi. I ka manawa like, hoʻāla lākou i ka ʻōpū o nā wāwae i kahi e loaʻa ai nā guhila kaila. Hoʻokū ka puʻupuʻu hoʻokūkū kaulana kōkua i nā piʻi o damsas. E kuʻala loa ka poʻe Damans a, e like me ka poʻe kahu Europa, i ka ʻike ʻana i ka pōpilikia, hoʻokūkū lākou i kahi hea nui o ka leo nui, e koi ana i ka hale holoʻokoʻa e peʻe ai i nā hale.

Herbivorous. ʻAi lākou i ka meaʻai o nā mea kanu, mea ʻai kekahi manawa i nā iniseti a me ka hua lāʻau o lākou. I ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai, hiki iā lākou ke piʻi i luna o 1-3 km. ʻAʻole pono lākou i ka wai. ʻAʻole i like me nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻole i kūkulu ka mea kanu i ka mea hoʻopiʻi a a, i ka wā e hānai ai, e kōkua iā lākou iho me nā molars. ʻO ka chewing gum, ʻaʻole like me artiodactyls a kangaroos, ʻaʻole i ʻoka ʻia, ʻā ʻia ka ʻai ma kā lākou ʻōpū, nā ʻōpū he nui.

ʻO ka nānā ʻana i ke ʻano o ka hana hoʻoulu. Hoʻomā ka wā mālama i ka mahina ʻo 77.5 mau mahina. ʻO ka wahine e lawe i ka 1-3, i kekahi manawa a hiki i 6 mau cubs, 1 manawa i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Hānau pū ʻia nā Cubs, me nā maka ākea, hiki ke holo wikiwiki. Ma hope o 2 mau pule, hoʻomaka lākou e ʻai i ka meaʻai kanu.

Ka Mua o nā Puʻuwai

ʻAʻole maopopo i ka mōʻaukala o ka kumu o nā poʻomanaʻo. No nā Late Eocene nā ʻāina kahiko o ka damans. No nā makahiki he miliona, ʻo nā kūpuna nā kūpuna ka mea kanu ʻano mua loa o ʻAmelika, a hiki i ka hoʻokūkū Miocene me nā hale kūʻai i haʻalele iā lākou mai nā nīnūnūnū mua. Eia nō naʻe, no ka manawa lōʻihi, noho ka Damans i noho nui a lehulehu, e noho nei i ka hapa nui o ʻApelika, ʻĀsia a me ʻEulopa ʻEulopa ma ka Pliocene.

Hoʻopili nā phylogenetically damans i nā proboscis, a he nui nā mea like me lākou o ke koʻo o nā niho, ka ʻiwi, a me ka placenta.

Ma ka moʻomeheu a me ka hoʻomana

Aia kekahi manaʻo i ka "hares" i ʻōlelo ʻia i loko o ka Baibala, i hōʻike ʻia e ka huaʻōlelo "shafan" (likana - ָּׁפָןָּׁפָן) ʻo ia kekahi poino. Mai kahi mamao loa, ʻano like lākou i nā moʻi nui. Mai ka ʻōlelo Hebera, ua ʻōlelo ʻia kēia huaʻōlelo i ka ʻōlelo Fenisians, nāna i kuhi hewa hewa i ka ʻenikua Iberian no nā mākaʻi, e hāʻawi ana i ka ʻāina i ka inoa. I-Shaphan-im - "Daman mokupuni". Ma hope mai mai kēia inoa i hele mai ai kahi Latin Hispania a "Spain".

ʻO nā ʻamela kekahi o nā holoholona he nui ke kino ʻole, ʻo ia hoʻi ka pāpā ʻia ʻana no ka ʻai ʻana i nā Iudaio Orthodox. Hōʻike ka puke a Levitina i nā holoholona haumia o kahi shafan (daman) ma kahi kumu i ka mea e uhai ai ʻo ia i ka gum, a ʻaʻole nā ​​kuma ona nā ʻaka (ʻoiai, ke ʻōlelo ikaika nei, ʻaʻole e kika ka pale), ke ʻano wale nō lākou i ka hoʻoneʻe i kā lākou ʻāʻā e like me nā ruminants, a me kā lākou mau lehelehe. hoʻohālikelike wale i nā hooves) Ma Michela (ka Mua o nā Paʻāina Solomona) ma ka naneʻolelo 30 bab 26 - e ʻōlelo pū ʻia nō hoʻi e pili ana i nā mea kuʻuna:

"26. He poʻe nāwaliwali nā pōpilikia, akā ua kau lākou i ko lākou hale ma luna o ka pali.

Kāleka

ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona o kahi holoholona mammal: ʻo ka lōʻihi o ke kino ma loko o 30-65 cm me ke koʻikoʻi he 1.5-4.5 kg. ʻO ka māhele caudal o ka momona ka embryonic, ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ma mua o 3 cm lōʻihi, a haʻalele ʻole paha. ʻO ka nānāʻana, ua like nā damans me nā rodents - tailless marmots a i nā puaʻa guinea nui, akā i nā hua'ōlelo phylogenetic ʻo ka mammal kahi kokoke loa i ka proboscis a me nā sirens. He pōpoki paʻa ka pā o Damans, kahi hiʻohiʻona e nā clumsiness, ke poʻo nui, a me ka ʻāʻī hoʻi a me ka ʻīwī.

ʻO nā forelegs he ʻano hele wāwae paʻa, ikaika a paʻa i waho, ke ʻehā mau lehelehe a me nā ʻāpana likle e like me nā hooves. ʻO nā ʻōkuhi huliwa he ʻekolu manamana lima, me ka hiki ʻana o kahi manamana loko iʻa kahi lōʻihi a me ka ʻāʻī o ka lauoho. Hoʻokaʻawale ka ʻalā ma ka wāwae, me ka epidermis mānoanoa a me ka nui o nā puʻu palu, pono no ka hydration mau o ka ʻili. ʻO kēia hiʻohiʻona o ka hana o nā paepae e hiki i nā poʻomanaʻo ke piʻi i ka ʻaluna pali a me nā wahi lāʻau me ka wikiwiki a me ka dexterity, a me ka iho ʻana i lalo.

He hoihoi kēia! Ma ka waenakonu o ke kua aia kekahi wahi i hōʻike ʻia e ka elongated, he lōlihi a i ʻole nā ​​lauoho ʻulaʻula me kahi kikowaena ʻike ʻia a me nā umauma hulumanu e hūnā ana i ka mea huna kūikawā kūikawā i ka wā o ka hana hou ʻana.

He pōkole ka muzzle, he lehelehe bifurcated luna. Hoʻomoʻe ʻia nā pepeiao, liʻiliʻi i ka nui, ke kala mau ʻia i lalo o ka lauoho. ʻO ka mānoʻa ka hulu, kahi i waiho ai i ka pāluulu laumaʻomaʻo a me ke awn weliweli, ʻulaʻula. Ma ke kino, ma ke kīʻaha o ka muzzle a me ka ʻāʻī, me ka maka ʻana ma luna o nā maka, he mau pūpū o ka vibrissae lōʻihi.

ʻActerlelo ola a me ke ʻano

ʻO ka ʻohana Damanov he ʻehā mau ʻano, ʻo ia kekahi mau mea e alakaʻi nei i ke ʻano o ke ao, a me kekahi hui - he nocturnal. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO nā ʻelele o ka ʻano moʻokela ʻo Procavia lāua ʻo Heterohyrax i nā lā momona i ke ao e noho ana i nā kolone, e hui ana mai ʻelima a ʻeono paha poʻe kekona. Hiki i kahi holoholona hihiu pōkō i noho aloha a noho paha i loko o kahi ʻohana. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā pōʻino āpau e ka neʻe kahe a me ka hiki ke holo wikiwiki, lele nui kiʻekiʻe a lele mālie a kokoke paha i kahi āpau.

He hoihoi kēia! Ke kipa aku nei nā ʻelele āpau o hoʻokahi koloni i hoʻokahi "kahe", a me ko lākou urine ma luna o nā pōhaku i waiho ai i nā ʻano ʻano ʻono i loko o ke keʻokeʻo.

Hōʻike nā ʻelele o ka ʻohana Damanova e ka mua o ka ʻike maikaʻi a me ka lohe, akā naʻe ka thermoregulation maikaʻi, no laila, ʻo nā holoholona like ʻole i ka pō e hoʻāʻo e ʻae no ka mahana ʻana. I ke ao, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā mummals me nā reptile i bask no ka wā lōʻihi i ka lā, e hoʻāi i ko lākou mau wāwae me nā lewa kumulā. He holoholona mālama nui loa ʻo Daman, ma ka mea i ʻike ʻia ai ka pōʻino, e hoʻokuʻu ana i nā kāhea nui a me ke kani nui, no ka hoʻowalewale i ka hale holoʻokoʻa e hūnā koke i kahi pā.

Ehia mau poʻomanaʻo e ola

ʻO ka kali ʻana o ke ola maʻamau o kahi daman i nā kūlana kūlohelohe ʻole ma mua o ka ʻumikumamāhā makahiki, akā e loli iki paha ma muli o ka noho ʻana a me nā hiʻohiʻona ʻano. No ka ʻokoʻa, kahi noho ʻana o kahi daman ʻAmelika i ka makahiki ʻeono a ʻehiku mau makahiki, a hiki i nā pōʻino o Cape ke hiki i nā makahiki he ʻumi. I ka manawa like, ua paʻa kahi ʻano maʻamau, e like me ka wahine e noho mau ai ka lōʻihi ma mua o nā kāne.

Nā ʻano o nā ʻōpana

Ma ka manawa koke, ua hui pū ʻia ka ʻohana Daman ma kahi o ka ʻumi he ʻumikumamākahi o nā ʻano he ʻehā. I kēia manawa, ʻehā wale nō mau manawa, ʻelima mau ʻano:

• ʻO ka ʻohana Rosavidae i kapa ʻia e D. arboreus a i ʻole Tree Daman, D. dorsalis a i ʻole Daman Western, D. validus a i ʻole Daman, H. brucei a me Bruce Daman, a me Pr .resensis a me Cape Daman,
• ʻO ka ʻohana Plohyracidas ka nui o ka genera - Kvabebihyrah, Рliоhyrах (Lertоdоn), a me РsСоСizСizСizСhyСеС ТСriumС, С, С S, Sоgdоhyrаh a me Titanоhyrаh,
• Kauhane Genihyiday,
• ʻO ka ʻohana Myohyracidae.

Ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā pōpilikia āpau i ʻekolu pūʻulu nui: mauna, ʻanuʻu a me nā kīmaha lāʻau. ^ E Ha yM. Hoʻohui ʻia kekahi mau puahele e kekahi ʻohana, ʻoi aku paha ma kahi o ʻehiku mau ʻano ola i ʻApelika, e komo pū ana me ka lāʻau a me ka mauna.

ʻO Habitat, noho

ʻO nā holoholona ʻala i nā holoholona kolone i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ma nā Hikina Hema a me ʻAmelika Hema, mai ka ʻaoʻao hema o Egypt, ʻAitiopa a me Sudan a hiki i waena o Angola a me North Africa ʻĀpana, a me nā panalāʻau o Mpumalanga a me Limpopo, kahi e noho ai nā hale noho e nā puʻu ʻoka, nā lāʻau a me nā kahe mauna.

Kālana mau kaʻa ʻo Cape mai ka ʻĀina o Suria, North-East Africa a me Israel i ʻAmelika Hema, a kokoke loa nā wahi āpau i loaʻa ma ke kūkulu hema o Sahara. Ke ʻike ʻia nei nā lehulehu i nā ʻāina noho ʻo nā mauna ʻo Algeria a me Libya.

Noho nā kaola lāʻau Komohana ma nā wahi nahele ma ke kahe o South a me Central Africa, a e kū ana hoʻi i nā pali mauna ma kahi kiʻekiʻe o 4,5 mau mika ma luna o ke kai. Kālalaha ka pā ʻōlaima hema ma ʻApelika, a ʻo ia hoʻi ma ka ʻaoʻao o nā kahakai ʻo Kepena Hema.

ʻO kēia wahi o kēia ʻano pili i ka ʻaoʻao hema mai Uganda a me Kenya a hiki i nā ʻāpana o ʻApelika Hema, a me nā ʻaoʻao hikina o Zambia a me Congo, ma ke komohana o ka ʻālaʻa kaiapuni ākea. Noho ka holoholona i nā māka kuahiwi a me nā nāhelehele kahakai.

ʻAiʻai Damana

ʻO ke kumu o kaʻai o ka hapanui o nā pēpē i hōʻike ʻia e nā lau. Eia kekahi, ʻai nui kēlā i nā momona i ka lau nahele a me nā ʻōpio ʻōpiopio. ʻO ka paʻakikī o ka nui o ka pūpū o kēlā ʻano moʻomeheu i loaʻa ka nui o nā microflora kūikawā pono nui, ka mea i hāʻawi ʻia i ka maʻalahi a me ka maʻalahi o ka hoʻowalewale ʻana i nā meaʻai o ka mea kanu.

Maʻa mau nā kānaka o Cape i ka meaʻai i ka holoholona hihiu, ʻo nā mea ʻona like ʻole, a me kā lākou ʻōpio. Hiki iā Cape Daman ke ʻai i nā mea kanu i loaʻa nā mea momona pono ʻole me ka hoʻopōʻino i kona olakino.

He hoihoi kēia! Loaʻa nā pōpoki o nā pōpoki i kahi mea lōʻihi a me ka koi, ka mea i hoʻohana wale ʻia i ka wā e hānai ai, akā hana pū nō hoʻi i ke ʻano o ka mālama ʻana i ka holoholona makaʻu i nā mea hoʻopiʻi.

ʻO ka kīʻaha maʻamau o nā ʻāpana kuahiwi e noho ana i nā paka kūlika e pili ana i nā ʻano o cordia (Sordia ovalis), grevia (Greviella), puaa (Hibiscus lunrifula), ficus (Fius) a me Merua (Mayrua trihylla). ʻAʻole inu kēia mau momi wai i ka wai, no laila e loaʻa nā wai i nā wai no ke kino wale nō i nā mea kanu.

Pahu a keiki

Nui ka hapanui o ka pōʻino i ka makahiki a puni ka makahiki, akā ʻo ka pihi o ka hoʻoulu ʻia e loaʻa pinepine i nā makahiki heʻumi i ka hope o ka ua. ʻO ka ʻōpū i loko o kahi wahine ʻo Cape Daman he ʻehiku mau makahiki. Kēia manawa pīhoihoi ʻo ia kahi ʻano o ka pane i ka manawa e like me nā mommals ka nui o ka tapir maʻamau.

Mālama ʻia nā cubs i ka wahine i loko o kahi palekana palekana, kapa ʻia ʻo ka brood nest, i hoʻopaʻa pono ʻia me ka mauʻu.. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO ka līlī hoʻokahi, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, ʻelima a ʻeono paha kūnaka, kahi i hoʻolālā ʻia ma mua o nā hua o nā ʻano ʻē aʻe o nā pōʻino. ʻO ka kumupaʻa o ke kuahiwi a me ke kumulima lāʻau daman i loaʻa pinepine i hoʻokahi mau lā a i ʻole nā ​​ʻāpana like a nui a maikaʻi paha.

He hoihoi kēia! Haʻalele mau nā ʻōpiopio i ko lākou ʻohana, a laila maʻa i kūkulu ʻia i kā lākou kolone, akā ua hiki nō iā lāua ke hoʻohui pū me nā kāne ʻē aʻe i loko o nā hui nui, a hui pū nā ʻōpio wahine i kā lākou ʻohana.

Ma hope o ka hānau ʻana, hāʻawi ʻia kēlā me kēia pēpē i kahi "nipple" hoʻokahi, no laila hiki ʻole i ka pēpē ke hānai i ka waiū mai kahi ʻē aʻe. ʻO ʻeono ke kaʻina hana o ka lactation i ʻeono mahina, akā mau ka mea mālama i kā lākou ʻohana a hiki i ka wā maʻi, hiki mai nā mea make ma kahi o hoʻokahi makahiki a me ka hapa. Hoʻokahi mau pule ma hope o ka hānau ʻana, e hoʻomaka ana nā kahu ʻōpio e ʻai i nā māla kanu e kanu ʻia.

Nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe

Ua hānai ʻia nā ʻīlio hihiu e nā nahesa nui, e komo pū ai me nā heihei hieroglyphic, nā manu o ka iʻa a me ka leopards, a me nā holoholona hihiu nui. I waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe, e loaʻa ana i nā ʻano i ka pneumonia o ka etiology a me ka maʻi pāpaʻi, e hōʻeha ana i nā nematodes, nā kika, nā kutu a me nā ʻī. ʻO nā ʻenemi nui o ka mokuʻo Cape Dam ka cheetahs a me nā kaʻa, a me nā ʻīlio hihiu a me nā ʻeke huki, kekahi mau manu o ka mea make, ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo ka ʻaila Kafra.

Ke ʻano o ka noho ʻana a me nā ʻano

Ma ka ʻāina ʻo Arabia a me nā hema o ʻAmelika Hema, ua hopu ʻia nā pōpoki no ka loaʻa ʻana o ka momona a maikaʻi momona e like me nā kelepona, kahi e pōʻino ana i ka huina o kēlā mau moa ulu. ʻO ka mea haʻahaʻa loa i kēia manawa, ʻo nā pōlani nahele, nona ka huina o nā mea maʻi e hoʻopōʻino i nā ʻeleʻele a me nā mea hana a ke kanaka. Ma ka laulā, i kēia lā ua paʻa ka nui o nā ʻano poʻinaka āpau..

Nā hiʻohiʻona a me ka noho ʻana o kahi daman

ʻO Daman i ke kiʻi like a like me ka groundgoh, akā he mea kū wale nō kēia. Ua hōʻoia ʻia e ʻepekema nā ʻaoʻao e pili ana i ka ʻohana poʻomanaʻo — elephales.

I loko o ka ʻIseraʻela, aia kahi Cape Daman, nona kona inoa mua ʻo "shafan", ʻo ia hoʻi ma Rūsia kahi e peʻe ai. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino e hele i ka hapalua mika me ke kaumaha o 4 kg. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā mele ma mua o nā wahine.ʻO ka ʻāpana o luna o ka holoholona, ​​he brown ia, ʻo ka ʻāpana ma lalo he mau māmā. ʻO ka lauoho o ka daman ka mānoanoa nui, me kahi kāwele kumu.

ʻOi aku ke kua o ka male kāne maikaʻi i ka kelepona hoʻihoʻi. Ke haʻalulu a hauʻoli paha ʻoe, e hoʻokuʻu ana i kahi mea me kahi momona ikaika. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia kēia ʻano ʻeke o ke kua i kahi kala ʻokoʻa.

ʻO kekahi o nā hiʻohiʻona holoholona daman ʻo ia ke ʻano o kona mau wāwae. Ma nā wāwae mua o ka holoholona he ʻehā mau lepe, e pau me nā ʻāpana poloka.

Ua like kēia mau kaaka i nā kuku o ke kanaka ma mua o nā holoholona. ʻElima wale nā ​​manamana wāwae i ka lehelehe ʻekolu, ʻelua o lāua a like me nā wāwae mua, a hoʻokahi manamana lima me kahi puʻupuʻu nui. Hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā ʻalāʻau o nā wāwae o ka holoholona, ​​ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia no ke ʻano kūikawā o nā uaua e hiki ai ke hāpai i ka lāʻau o ka wāwae.

Wāwae damana e hana mau ana i kahi mea piʻo. Hāʻawi ka pūʻai koʻikoʻi kūikawā me kēia waiwai i ka holoholona i hiki i ka hiki ke hele i nā pali ākea a piʻi i nā lāʻau kiʻekiʻe.

Bruce Daman hilahila loa. Akā, ʻoiai kēia, mahalo nui loa ia. ʻO ka pākuʻi e hoʻohālikelike i kēia mau holoholona i ke ala i loko o kahi noho kanaka. ʻO Daman - kahi mamalae maʻalahi me ka hōʻoluʻolu a me ka maikaʻi i ke pio.

Buy damana he mea hiki no i nā hale kūʻai holoholona kūikawā. Ma ka nui, noho kēia mau holoholona ma ʻAmelika a me Asia Hema. Hāʻawi ka Ein Gedi Nature Reserve i kāna poʻe malihini kipa e ʻike i nā ʻano o kēia mau holoholona i kahi kai kūlohelohe.

I ke kiʻi, ʻo Bruce Daman

Mauʻa daman e makemake i nā mea ola ola, nā savannahs a me nā mauna. ʻO kekahi o nā ʻano mea ʻalena lāʻau i loaʻa i nā ululāʻau a hoʻolilo i ka hapa nui o kona ola ma nā lāʻau, pale ʻana i ka hua i lalo i ka lepo.

Mea ʻai

ʻO ka hapa pinepine, ʻoi aku ka makemake o nā pēpē e hōʻoluʻolu i ka pōloli me ka meaʻai kanu. Akā inā aia kekahi pōʻino liʻiliʻi a i ʻole larva ma ko lākou ala, ʻaʻole lākou e haʻalele iā lākou. I nā hihia kūʻokoʻa, i ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai, hiki i ka daman ke neʻe aku i 1-3 mau kilomita mai ka koloni.

Ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, ʻaʻole e manaʻo nā kahu aloha i ka pono o ka wai. ʻAʻole lawa nā mea hoʻopiʻi o ka holoholona no laila, hoʻohana lākou i nā molars i ka wā e hānai ai. He nui ka hoka piha ʻo Daman me ka ʻōnaehana paʻakikī.

I ka manawa pinepine, lawe ʻia nā pāʻina i ke kakahiaka a me ke ahiahi. ʻAʻole hiki ke kumu o ka meaʻai ke lilo i nā ʻāpana uliuli o nā mea kanu, akā ke ʻano o nā aʻa, nā hua, a me nā pōpō. Ua ʻai nui kēlā mau holoholona liʻiliʻi. ʻAʻole naʻe kēia pilikia ka pilikia no lākou, no ka mea, e noho nā kahu wai ma nā wahi i nā mea kanu.

ʻO ka pilina a me ka lōʻihi

Ua ʻōlelo nā ʻepekema ʻepekema ʻaʻole o kēia mau holoholona i ka wā hānai, a i ʻole ka ʻike ʻole ʻia. ʻO ia, ʻike ʻia nā pēpē a puni ka makahiki, akā ʻaʻole ʻoi mau pinepine ma mua o hoʻokahi makua. Hānau ka wahine i nā keiki ma kahi o 7-8 mau mahina, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hānau ʻana ma waena o 1 a 3 mau keiki.

I nā hihia liʻiliʻi, hiki i ka nui o lākou ke piʻi a hiki i ka 6 - ʻo ia ka nui o ka nui o nā nūpepa i loaʻa i ka makuahine. Hōʻalo ka pono no ka umauma i loko o nā hebedoma ʻelua ma hope o ka hānau ʻana, ʻoiai ʻo ia e hānai lōʻihi ka makuahine.

Hana ʻia nā Cubs. ʻIke koke lākou a uhi ʻia me ka huluhulu mānoanoa, hiki ke neʻe koke. Ma hope o 2 mau pule, hoʻomaka lākou e hoʻōla kūʻokoʻa i nā meaʻai kanu. Hiki i nā keiki ke hānau a wā hoʻokahi a me ka hapa o ka makahiki, a laila ʻo ke kāne e waiho i ka koloni, a noho mau nā wāhine me ko lākou ʻohana.

Kūlike ka manaʻolana i ke ʻano o nā ʻano. ʻO kekahi laʻana, ola ka pōmaikaʻi o Aferika i 6-7 mau makahiki, Cape Daman hiki i nā makahiki 10 ke ola. Ma ka manawa like, ua hōʻike ʻia ua ola nā wahine ma mua o nā kāne.

Kahi helu

Aia a hiki i kēia manawa, he 10-11 mau mea i pili i ka 4 genera. Ma hope o ka makahiki, ua hoʻemi ʻia ka nui o nā ʻano he 4:

• ʻO kahi keʻena Damana (lat. Hyracoidea )
  • ʻOhana Damana (lat. Procaviidae )
    • Kāhea: Nā wahi poʻo (lat. Dendrohyrax )
      • Kai Kahua Daman (lat. Dendrohyrax arboreus )
      • ʻO Wood Daman (lat. Dendrohyrax dorsalis )
    • Kāhea: ʻĀpana (Grey) Daman (lat. ʻO Geterocxyrax )
      • Līhai-ʻ orlelo a i ʻole Mountain Daman (Bruce Daman) (lat. Heterohyrax brucei )
    • Kāhea: Procavia
      • Cape Daman (lat. Procavia capensis )

E nānā i nā mea "Damans" i nā ʻatikala ʻē aʻe:

ʻO nā holoholona momona (Hyracoidea), he detasment o nā mamental placental o ke kauoha o ka ungulates. ʻIke ʻia mai ka lalo aʻe. Oligocene o Aferika a ma lalo. pliopene o ʻEulopa. No ka kino 30 60 cm, ke kaumaha mai 1,5 a 4,5 kg. Ext. ʻano like me nā rodents, akā phylogenetically, kokoke kokoke loa ... ... Biological Encyclopedic Dictionary

- (ʻoi aku) detachment o nā momi manu. He kūlike nā ʻano kūloko. ʻO ka loa o ke kino 30-60 cm, ʻehā 1 3 cm. 11 mau ʻehā, ma ka Hema kokoke a me ʻAmelika (ʻaʻole i ka ʻākau ʻākau). Noho kekahi mau poʻokela ma ka nahele ma nā lāʻau, ʻo kekahi ʻē aʻe ma nā kuahiwi, mahele pōhaku ... Big Ency encyclopediaedic Dictionary

Nā mea hoihoi - DAMANS, kākā i nā mammals. No ka poʻe puʻuwai lākou, akā, he ʻano like lākou me nā rodents. ʻO ka loa kino 30-60 cm, ʻehā 1 3 cm, ke kaupaona a hiki i 3 kg. 7 mau ʻano, ma Asia Komohana a me ʻAmelika (ʻaʻole i ka ʻākau ka māhele ʻākau). Noho kekahi mau poʻokela ma ka ululāʻau (ma nā kumulāʻau), ʻo kekahi ʻē aʻe ... ... Hoʻohālikelike Encyclopedic Dictionary

Ke kauoha o ka mamulate mammals. He kūlike nā ʻano kūloko. ʻO ka loa o ke kino 30-60 cm, ʻehā 1 3 cm.ʻehiku mau ʻehiku, ma Asia Minor a me ʻApika (ʻaʻole i ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau). Noho kekahi poʻe pōpili ma ka ulu lāʻau, ʻo kekahi ʻē aʻe ma nā kuahiwi. * * * DAMANS ... Encyclopedic Dictionary

poʻomanaʻo - Cape Damans. Damans (Hyracoidea), he ʻakaʻehā o ka momona. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino a hiki i ka 60 (ka mea nui loa mai ka ʻike i waho) he paona a hiki i ka 4,5 kg. ʻO nā kui kuʻekuʻe ma nā kuʻekuʻe e like me nā hooves (ma nā wāwae hind, hoʻokahi kahiki ka lōʻihi o kahi manamana lima). 3 genera me ... ... Encyclopedic directory "ʻApika"

Damanovye - kahi ʻohana o nā holoholona liʻiliʻi, ʻoihana momona, nā mea kanu like ʻole.

ʻO ka ʻohana wale nō o ka lālā monotype Hyracoidea .

Noho lākou ma ʻApelia a me ka Hikina Waena.

ʻOiai ka nānā pinepine ʻana o nā damans i kēia manawa, aia kahi kumu prehistoric mamao.

ʻO nā ʻohana o nā mea e pili ana i nā elepani o nā elepani hou.