Aia ma ʻAmelika Hema, ma ka hāmeʻa, nā pali i pohala o nā Andes, nā holoholona maikaʻi ʻole e noho ana - nā ʻōpū o ka mauna. Ma kēia wahi ikaika, kahi i ka pō e hāʻule ai ka pākāhana ma lalo o ka makeke, a e moe pinepine ana ʻo Andean pēpē e kali no nā ʻūhaka gapeous, he wā paʻakikī ka holoholona wī.
ʻOiai ke ʻano kūlike o ka lapalapa, ʻo nā ʻiʻo ka helu ʻana i nā rodents. ʻAʻoleʻoi aku ko lākou nui i ka 40 kenimika, a kaupaona paha ma kahi o 1.5 kilograma.
ʻO kā lākou mau hoahānau pili loa, he mau chinchillas, ka hui pū ʻana o ka viskash i pili i ka ʻohana like (chinchillas), me ka hulu ʻoluʻolu a me ka hulu. ʻO kēia ʻeleʻula i hiki ai i nā holoholona ke hoʻomau i nā wahi kiʻekiʻe o ka Andes a hiki i kahi kiʻekiʻe o 5000 mau mika, kahi i hewa ʻole ai ka wela i ka pō a ʻo ka makani anuanu e pā mau ʻana. I ke kakahiaka, ʻike pinepine ʻoe i ke ʻano o nā holoholona hiamoe hiamoe i lalo i nā kukui o ka lā e piʻi ana. Nā nā mea hoʻolale manu, e hoʻololi ana i ke kala o ka huluhulu hulu, ma muli o ka manawa, mai ka hina a i ka brown.
Akā inā ʻoe e nānā i ka hoʻomakeke ʻana o nā ʻūhā e holo ana ma luna o nā pōhaku, e lele ana mai kekahi pōhaku a hiki i ka pōhaku, hiki iā mākou ke ʻōlelo iā lākou he like lākou me he keʻena: nā kuʻi fluffy like, agility a me ka maneuverability o nā neʻe. ʻO nā mea hoʻokūkū paʻa, nā mea lawaiʻa akamai o ka Andes, nona ka wikiwiki a me ka wiwo ʻole e hoʻopili ʻia e kekahi poʻe e holo ana, ʻaʻole hiki ke hopu ʻia i kahi kanaka makua a me ka olakino. ʻO ka wīwīwī pīhoihoi, lohi a momona hoʻi. Akā he mea kūpono ke hoʻokipa wikiwiki e hoʻokokoke aku nei, me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka rodent e holo aku, e peʻe ana i nā pali. I ka pakele, hiki lākou i ka wikiwiki a hiki i ka 40 km / h a hiki i ka lele ʻana o 3-mika.
ʻO nā holoholona nā holoholona he holoholona lehulehu, noho lākou i nā pūʻulu a he 80 mau kānaka. Kōkua kēia iā lākou i pakele mai nā mea hana ʻino. Aia a hōʻea kekahi pilikia, hoʻomaka ka viskasha e hoʻowalewale i kona kuʻekuʻe a hana i nā leo kikoʻī, e hōʻike ana i kona mau hoahānau, a wikiwiki koke ke hui a pau. Ma ka hōʻea o nā Cougars a me nā pakanā Andean, kekahi poʻe e ʻimi ana i ka ʻili a me ka ʻai i nā ʻenemi pōpilikia o nā ʻūhā kuahiwi.
Kuhi nō kēia mau mea ʻai i nā mea kanu kanu. A no ka mea ʻaʻole maʻalahi ka loaʻa ʻana o ka meaʻai i nā wahi pōhaku semi-arid, e kahe ana ka puʻu i ka lā holoʻokoʻa i kēia hana.
He pīhoihoi ia i ka ʻīwī ke makemake i ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana i nā kumuwaiwai like ʻole, nā ʻōpala nani, nā hulu, nā ʻōpala, a lākou i ʻoki ai ma ke alanui. Hiki pinepine iā lākou i ke komo i kā lākou puʻu ke ʻike i nā mauna o ia mau waiwai. ʻAʻole hiki i nā kānaka ʻepekema ke wehewehe i kēia hōʻuluʻulu ʻana mai kahi ʻano kūpono o laila, no laila ke manaʻo nei mākou he ʻano minamina kēia no ka nani, e like me he kanahā, i ka hoʻohālike.
ʻO Chinchilla a me ka ʻūlū
ʻO Alfred Edmund Bram "Mea ola" .
Hale Paʻi Puka Haʻāina
ʻO Alfred Edmund Bram (2 Pepeluali 1829 - 11 Nowemapa 1884), Kelemānia zoologist a me nā mea huakaʻi, ma kāna hana kaulana ʻo Brehms TierlebenUa hōʻiliʻili ka holoholona holoholona i kahi waiwai i ka biology o nā holoholona e noho ana ma ka honua.
Ua hānau ʻia ʻo Alfred Brem ma Thuringia, ma ka ʻohana o ke kahu o ke kauā ʻo Ludwig Brem, he kanaka kaulana nui o ʻEulopa. Mai kona wā ʻōpio, ma lalo o ke alakaʻi a kona makuakāne, ua lawe ʻo ia i nā hana kūlohelohe-a me ka ʻano nui a me nā hana zoological. ʻO ka mua, ua komo ʻo Brem i ke Kulanui o Altenburg ma ka Faculty of Architecture (1843), e pili ana iā K. Krause i loko o kāna kao huehue e pili ana iā Brema: "Akā, ʻaʻole ia i koho i kēia hana no ia iho. ʻAʻoleʻo ia i lilo i ke kauka a i ʻole zoologist, e like me ka mea e manaʻo ai ... " Eia nō naʻe, i ka makahiki 1847 ua hele ʻo ia e like me ke ʻano kūlohelohe i ka huakaʻi i ʻApelika, a ma hope iho i hoʻomaka ai kāna hana ʻepekema.
ʻO ka huakaʻi ʻo Alfred Bram i ka makahiki 17 me ke kumu o Baron Müller i ka makahiki 1847 e hele i kahi huakaʻi ma waena o ʻAmelika ma luna o ka Nile kiʻekiʻe. Ma hope oʻelima mau makahiki o ka hele wale ʻana i ʻAigupita, ʻo Nubia a me East Sudan, ua hoʻi maila ʻo ia i Kelemānia a noiʻi i nā ʻike ʻepekema ma Jena a me Wina. Ua hoʻopuka ʻo ia i nā moʻolelo o ornithological i nā nūpepa a ʻo ia kekahi o nā mea hoʻokumu i ka German Ornithological Society.
CHINCHILLA FAMILY - (Chinchillidae).
(Chinchillidae) - He ʻohana liʻiliʻi o nā caviomorphic rodents, me 3 genera a me 6 ʻano.
ʻO nā mea kamaʻāina wale nō ia i ʻike maikaʻi ʻia nā loiloi o kēia ʻohana liʻiliʻi o nā holoholona ʻAmelika, nā mea a nā ʻāpana kahiko i hoʻohana ʻia e nā poʻe kamaʻāina o ʻAmelika Hema mai ka wā kahiko, a mai ka hopena o ke kenekulia hope ua lawe ʻia lākou i nā helu nui iā ʻEulopa. Paʻa ʻia ko lākou kino ma ka hulu, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o nā momi a pau. ʻO ka kala o ka hulu ka hina hina me ka keʻokeʻo a ʻeleʻele-ʻulaʻula a i ʻole ka melemele paha.
Noho ka podchillas i ʻAmelika Hema a ʻo ka hapanui ma nā kuahiwi ma kahi kiʻekiʻe nui, ma waena o nā pali i lalo o ka lākiu, he hoʻokahi wale nō mea e noho ana i nā wao. Hoʻokomo ʻia lākou ma nā ana kūlohelohe a i ʻole nā pua paha i ʻeli ʻia e lākou. Hoʻopili lākou a pau, noho kekahi ma nā ʻohana ma ke ana like. ʻO ka pale ʻana, e like me ka hares, māmā, ʻike ʻia lākou i ke ahiahi a i ka pō paha. ʻO kēia mau wikiwiki, wikiwiki, lūlū a me nā holoholona hae, i kā lākou mau neʻe he hapelē hapa, hapa hapa. ʻO ka hoʻolohe ʻia mai iā lākou, ka mea, ʻo ia ke ʻano e ulu. ʻAʻohe hiki ke hoʻomaopopo ʻia ka noʻonoʻo noʻonoʻo. ʻO nā kumu a me nā lichens, nā ʻōpala a me nā ʻili, a me nā huaʻai, e hoʻomoʻi i kā lākou ʻai. ʻO ka hana o ka hoʻopili like ʻana me ka ikaika nui e like me ka hares. Ua maʻalahi lākou e hoʻomanawanui i ka luhi a hauʻoli i ka maʻemaʻe a me ka maʻalahi maʻalahi. Hoʻokomo kekahi mau ʻano a i ʻole ka liʻiliʻi, ʻaeʻoki, ʻeli ma lalo o ke kula, akā pono nā mea āpau me kā lākou ʻai a me ka hulu.
ʻO Chinchilla waʻa pōkole (Chinchilla brevicaudata)
ʻElua wale nō mau holoholona o kēia mau holoholona i ʻike: ʻo ka chinchilla pōkole (Chinchilla brevicaudata) a me ka chinchilla kūpono (Chinchilla lanigera). ʻO ka mea mua i ka lōʻihi o 30 cm, ʻo kona ʻumi ke 13 cm ka lōʻihi, a me ka lauoho 20 cm.ʻO ka pūneo a ʻūpiki, kīwī, maloʻo loa hoʻi ma ke kua a me nā ʻaoʻao ka hulu o ka lauoho iʻoi aku ka 2 cm o ka lōʻihi, ʻeleʻele ka palaho-hina ka palahalaha. ua uhi hou ʻia me nā kaula keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo, a me ka hina hina i ka ʻaoʻao. Mahalo i kēia, ʻo ke kala holoʻokoʻa ka mea kālā me ke kāʻeiʻeleʻele. He keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo ma lalo a me nā wāwae, ʻelua mau ʻāpana ʻōpiopioʻeleʻele ma luna, he kumulāʻau ke kumu ʻeleʻele, ʻeleʻele-ʻulaʻula ma ke kihi, ʻeleʻele nā maka nui.
I ka manawa o nā Incas, ua hana ʻo Peruvians i ka huluhulu silchilla maikaʻi i hana i nā lole a me nā mea like ʻē aʻe e hoʻohana nui ana, a me nā mea kākau e like me Acosta lāua ʻo Molina i wehewehe kikoʻī, ʻoiai ʻaʻole ia he pololei loa, nā wehewehe ʻana o kēia holoholona koʻikoʻi. I ka makahiki hope, ua ʻike ʻia nā ʻili mua i Europa ma kahi ʻaha o Sepania, i kēia manawa ua lilo lākou i mau mea maʻamau. Ua ʻike ʻia nā kālepa huluhulu ʻelua mau ʻano o nā chinchillas ma mua o nā zoologists. Ma ka makahiki 1829 wale nō paha ʻo Bennett e hāʻawi i ka ʻike kikoʻī loa e pili ana i kēia holoholona ma hope o ke ola ʻana a nānā iā ia no ka manawa lōʻihi ma ʻEnelani. Akā i kēia manawa ʻo ka moʻolelo maoli o chinchillas i nā nui he nuiʻeleʻele.
ʻO kahi huakaʻi hele e piʻi ana i Cordillera mai ke kahakai komohana o ʻAmelika Hema, e hōʻea i kahi kiʻekiʻe o 2000-3000 mika ma luna o ka kiʻekiʻe o Meria, ʻike pinepine ʻia no nā mile a pau ka uhi ʻia nā pōhaku āpau i nā chinchillas a me ʻelua mau ʻano like o ka ʻohana like. *
* Aia nā ʻōhumu mauna (Lagidium). ʻO nā kalaiahi a me nā mau niu puʻuwai e ʻeliʻwili i nā lua ponoʻī, makemake ʻia e pale i nā lua i lalo o nā pali, nā ʻūhā o nā pōhaku.
Ma Peru, Bolivia, a me Chile, e pono e maʻamau ka nui o kēia mau holoholona, ʻoiai mākou e aʻo ai mai nā mea huakaʻi a lākou i alakaʻi ai e nā tausani o nā holoholona i loko o hoʻokahi lā. I ka lā mālamalama, ʻike ʻoe pehea e noho ai nā chinchillas i mua o kā lākou mau poka, akā ʻaʻole ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka lā o nā pōhaku, akā mau nō ka pale hohonu. ʻOi mau ka ʻike pinepine iā lākou i ke kakahiaka a me ke ahiahi ahiahi. A laila hoʻihoʻi hou lākou i nā kuahiwi a me nā haʻalulu hoʻi o nā ʻūhā ʻōpala a me nā ʻalā, kahi wale nō o nā mea kanu ulu. ʻIke ʻia, aia ma luna o nā ʻeke ākea a lākou e kaʻaʻi hou ai a hoʻihoʻi i ka wikiwiki a me ka noho ʻana. Me ka hoʻhoihoi maikaʻi ʻana ka piʻi ʻana ma ʻaneʻi a ma ʻaneʻi me nā pali kahali i hiki ʻole ai ke hoʻopili ʻia. Kū lākou iā 6-10 mika me kēlā mau dexterity a me ka wikiwiki e hiki ʻole i kekahi ke hahai iā lākou me ko lākou mau maka. ʻOiai ʻaʻole he ʻano makaʻu iki lākou, ʻaʻole naʻe lākou i ʻae iā ʻoe e hoʻokokoke koke a nalowale koke ʻoe, ke hoʻomaikaʻi wale nei ʻoe e makemake ʻoe e alualu iā lākou. He kahakai ka uhi ʻia me nā holoholona he mau lilo i make ʻole a make i ka manawa maoli e pana ʻia ai lākou. Ua hāleʻa koke kēlā i kēlā me kēia chinchilla ma kahi nū o ka pōhaku a nalo i loko, me he mea lā e ka huna ʻana mai ka maka mai. ʻOi ka hapa liʻiliʻi o nā pali, ʻoi aʻe ka nui o nā ʻāina i ka chinchillas, no ka mea, ʻo ia kahi maʻa, nā ʻili a nā puʻu i waena o nā pōhaku i hāʻawi iā lākou e malu ai. I kekahi manawa ke hele kahi mea hele mākaʻikaʻi nei, me ka ʻole e hana hewa i kēia mau holoholona, e kau ana ma luna o ke kuahiwi, ke hoʻopuni hewa ʻia e kēia poʻe e noho nei i nā pōhaku. Hele mai nā pōhaku i ke ola, mai kēlā me kēia pākahi, kēlā me kēia laha, kahi poʻo ke poʻo.
* Ma nā manawa i wehewehe ʻia e Brem, loaʻa nā chinchillas i nā koloni a ʻo 100 a i ʻole kekahi. Ma muli o ka lawaiʻa ʻole, ke kāohi ʻia ka nui o kā lākou helu, akā ke ola hou nei kēia ma muli o nā hana pale.
ʻO ka pīpī huluhulu kaulana loa a wiwo ʻole ke hoʻokokoke aku, a me ka hope, holo wiwo ʻole ʻia ma lalo o nā wāwae o ka puʻupuʻu grazing. ʻO kā kā lākou hana me ke ʻano o ka lele ʻana, ʻaʻole i ka hele, akā ua like ka like me nā neʻe o kā mākou mau ʻiole. Noho hoʻomaha, noho lākou ma hope o ke kino, e huki ana i nā wāwae mua i ka umauma a kau aku i ka huelo i hope, akā hiki iā lākou ke kū mālie i luna o ko lākou wāwae hind a hoʻopaʻa i kekahi manawa ma kēia kūlana. I ka piʻi ʻana, hopu nā wāwae āpau i nā kahawai o nā pōhaku, a i ʻole ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi o ka ʻala ke paʻa pono iā lākou. *
* ʻO ka hiki ke piʻi a lele i ka pio (i ka pio ʻana i hiki i kahi chinchilla ke holo koke mai ka papahele a i ka poʻohiwi o kekahi kanaka) ʻoi loa ka pīhoihoi a no ka mea he liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi a pāwaliwali nā limu o ka chinchilla.
Hōʻike nā mea nānā āpau i hiki i kēia holoholona ke ola hou i nā ʻūhā poepoe nāhelehele ākea a me ka manawa pū kekahi a hoʻowalewale i kahi kanaka e hele hele wale ana i kēia mau kiʻekiʻe.
ʻAʻohe ʻike kūpono loa e pili ana i ka hana hou ʻana o ka chinchilla, ʻoiai ua pālahalaha ʻia ma ka māla kipa ʻo ka London zoological. Loaʻa nā wahine hānai i ko lākou ʻāina home i kēlā me kēia manawa o ka makahiki a i aʻo ʻia mai nā poʻe ʻōiwi o ka helu o nā cubs mai 4 a 6, ʻaʻole ʻike ʻia ka ʻike kikoʻī. E kūʻokoʻa ka poʻe kū i ka wā e waiho ai lākou i nā pōpoki i nā pali kahi i ʻike mua ai lākou i ka mālamalama, a ʻo ka wahine kahiko, aia hoʻi, mai ka manawa o ko lākou hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana, e pau ka mālama ʻana i kāna hua.
* ʻOiai ke noho nei i nā kolone, he monogamous nā chinchillas, me nā wahine nui a ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o nā kāne e noho ana i kahi kūlana kiʻekiʻe i loko o ka kolone. I loko o hoʻokahi makahiki, ʻoi aku ka 2 mau lālā (ma lalo o 1 a 3 paha o ka 2-3) a ʻike i nā ʻōpio, he ʻōpio piha.
Hoʻomaka pinepine lākou i ka home, ʻokoʻa loa lākou i Europa. Ke kūʻokoʻa nei, ʻai ka chinchilla i ka mauʻu, nā aʻa a me ka moss a hoʻohana i kāna mau wāwae mua e lawe i ka meaʻai i kona waha.
I ka wā kahiko, ua ʻike ʻia ka chinchilla, iā lākou, ke kai ma luna o nā mauna a pau e like me kēlā me kēia manawa kiʻekiʻe. I kēia manawa, ʻike ʻia ma nā mauna haʻahaʻa wale nō ma ke ʻano o nā loiloi pilikino. ʻO ka hana hoʻomāliuli o ka ʻeha iā ia no ka ʻili o ke kino i hoʻokau iā ia i kahi kiʻekiʻe. Ua ʻimi ikaika lākou ia mau mea mai ka wā kahiko, a hiki i kēia manawa hoʻohana lākou i ke ʻano like o ka like me ka like o mua. Akā, ʻo ka poʻe ʻEulopa, ʻo ia kekahi mea e pepehi iā ia me nā pū a mai nā pua paha, akā ʻo kēia ʻimi e hāʻawi i nā hopena i hilinaʻi ʻole ʻia, no ka mea, ʻaʻole ʻoe e komo i loko o ka pahu maka a make koke nō ia, a laila hūnā ia i kekahi o nā lua o ka pōhaku a nalo aku no ka mea hahai. ʻOi aku ke ʻano o ka ʻoihana huni i hoʻohana ʻia e nā ʻōiwi. Ua kau lākou i nā papa i hana maikaʻi ʻia ma mua o nā pōhaku i hiki iā lākou ke hōʻea, a kakahiaka aʻe lawe lākou i nā chinchillas i hāʻule i loko o kēia mau pā. Eia kekahi, makemake nui ka poʻe India i ka ʻenemi a mākou e hoʻohana ai no nā lālani. Ua ʻike lākou i ka hoʻāla piha ʻana i ka weasel a hoʻomaʻamaʻa iā lākou e ʻimi manuahi, a laila hana like lākou me ko mākou poʻe lawaiʻa me ka ʻeke, a i ʻole i ka ʻāpana e huki i ka holoholona i pepehi ʻia i loko o ka pā.
* ʻO ka pāpale lōʻihi ka lōʻihi, a i ʻole nā lau aʻa keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo (Mustela frenata) - kahi mea ʻōpiopio liʻiliʻi, like ʻole me ka ermine, akā ʻoi aku ka nui.
Ua ʻōlelo ka Mōʻihie he mea kūʻai aku ma Molinos, ka wahi komohana loa i nā moku o La Plata, i hoʻohana ai i nā kinikini 2000-3000 i kēlā me kēia mau ʻehā, a i ka makahiki 1857 hiki iā ia ke kūʻai wale aku i 600 keneta. He nui ka poʻe ʻimi manu India, i hoʻopiʻi ʻia i mua o ka nui o ka helu ʻana o kēia mau holoholona me ka nui o ka pilikia o ka hopu ʻana iā lākou. i kekahi mau mea ʻai, e hoʻohiki ana e uku ma hope o ka hopu ʻana, a hoʻouna ʻia i nā wahi kiʻekiʻe loa no nā chinchillas. *
* Ke ola wale nei nā chinchillas ma nā pali pōhaku ma ke kiʻekiʻe o 3000-5000 m ma luna o ke kai.
Ma aneane e noho nei kēia mau holoholona nani i nā lua i hiki ʻole ke ʻae ʻia a i ʻole nā wāwae o nā pōhaku i loko o nā ana i ʻeli ʻia e lākou lā. He ʻano ʻino lākou, a me kekahi mau ʻano laha ʻole a i ʻole nā ʻano hoʻonaninani e pana iā lākou me ka uila e holo i nā hale i hilinaʻi ʻia inā i ʻai lākou i kēlā manawa a i ʻole, nā mea a lākou e aloha nui ai, e pāʻani ma ka lā i kahi wahi lōʻihi mai laila. Ma kahi kokoke i nā noho kau a i nā chinchilla hou, kahi i ʻike ʻia e ka mea hunai me kāna eʻe wāwae i ka wā paʻakikī, ua kau ʻo ia i nā pūhaka lio ikaika a i ʻole nāhelehele maʻalahi ma mua o nā papakā, a kali i nā hopena, e hūnā maikaʻi ana i kahi mamao. ʻO nā chinchillas makemake e noʻonoʻo, ua noʻonoʻo lākou ua hala ka pōʻino, lele koke i waho o kā lākou mau pā hale a e kū ana i nā laha a luku paha iā lākou iho i nā hehi. Ua wikiwiki ʻo India, e lawe iā lākou a kau hou i ka hana lawaiʻa. Akā ʻo kēia manawa he manawa lōʻihi ma mua o ka hoʻoholo ʻana o nā holoholona makaʻu i ka haʻalele ʻana i ko lākou home. Noho lākou i ʻelua lā i loko o ko lākou mau mea waiwai, ma mua o ka wiwo ʻole e hele i waho, no ka mea ua uku ʻia lākou me ko lākou ola. He maʻalahi ke hoʻomaopopo i ka paʻakikī a hoʻomanawanui e kali ana iā India e hiki ke hoʻopau i kahi noho holoʻokoʻa, a ma ka hopena, e hūlū ka pōloli i nā lopa a me nā chinchillas hope. ʻAʻole mālama lākou, no ka mea, ua hōʻeha loa nā kānaka i kā lākou mau moe a i kēia hihia, ua nalo, a me ke kahe mai nā ʻūhā a maʻemaʻe loa i ka lauoho i hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia a nui loa ka ili ʻana o ka ʻili i ka nani a me ka waiwai. Ma hope o kekahi mau pule i ka Cordillera, hoʻi mai ka mea kiaʻi chinchilla me ka mea pio ma Molinos a loaʻa iā ia ka 5-6 pona no ka ʻāpana ʻōpuni. "
I ke kūkulu ʻākau a i waenakonu o Chile, kahi i pōkole ʻia ai kahi pōkole i kapa ʻia i kekahi mau pua liʻiliʻi, ʻo Chinchilla lanigera kekahi.
* Noho nui nā poʻokela pōkole i noho ai i nā Andes o ke kūkulu hema o Peru, Bolivia a me ʻAmelika ʻākau. Noho ʻoi mau ka lanch chinchilla ma ke kūkulu ʻākau o Kili.
Ma ke ʻano o ke ʻano ola, ua like kēia ʻano, ua like like me ia ma mua, a ua kokoke nō hoʻi ia ia i ka helehelena a me ka waihoʻoluʻu o ka hulu. Akā ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi: ʻo ka lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi ma kahi o 35-40 cm, kahi e noho ai ka huelo e pili ana i kahi hapakolu. ʻO ka lauoho momona i ka hope o 2 cm ka lōʻihi, ma ke kua a me nā ʻaoʻao 3 cm. ʻO kona ʻāpana ka hina ʻulaʻula hina me nā ʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele, nā lalo a me nā wāwae he hina hina a ʻalani paha. Ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka huʻu, he ʻeleʻele ka lauoho ma ka kumu a me ke poʻo.
Ma hope wale mai o nā noi he nui mai nā ʻepekema kūlohelohe, ua hoʻouna ʻia kekahi mau ʻuʻuku i ʻEulopa, a ma hope iho e ola ai nā holoholona, ʻoiai ua huakaʻi ka poʻe mākaʻikaʻi i nā chinchillas i kekahi manawa lōʻihi. *
* ʻO kēia manawa, ua hoʻokū ʻia nā pua chinchillas i nā mahiʻai a ʻo kahi holoholona hulu manu i hoʻopuni ai a puni ka honua, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā holoholona ma kahi o hoʻokahi miliona mau kānaka, ke holowale nei ka hoʻoulu ʻia, nā ʻano manuahi me nā ʻano like ʻole o ka hulu, mai ke keʻokeʻo a ʻeleʻele. Minamina, ʻo ka hulu o nā holoholona hihiu ma hope o nā hanauna he 1-2 e hoʻomaka ai e komo i ka hulu o ka chinchillas hihiu.I ka hoʻopio ʻia, ola mau ʻo chinchillas i 20 mau makahiki.
ʻO Haukins, ka mea nāna i paʻi i kahi wehewehe no kāna huakaʻi i ka makahiki 1622, hoʻohālikelike ʻia ia i kahi puʻu, a ʻōlelo ʻo Ovalle, aia wale kēia mau puʻuwai ma ke awāwa ʻo Guasco a mahalo nui ʻia a kā alualu ʻia no ka pono o ka hulu maikaʻi. Ua hōʻike mai ʻo Molina iā mākou i kēia holoholona ma ka hopena o ka makahiki hope. ʻLelo ʻo ia o ka huluhulu o kēia ʻano ua lahilahi like me nā kaula o ka pūnaewele, a ʻoi aku, no ka lōʻihi loa ka nui. "Noho kēia holoholona i lalo o nā ʻaoʻao i ka ʻaoʻao o Kili a paʻa i nā ʻohana ʻē aʻe. ʻO kā kāna meaʻai e pili ana i nā pōpoki a me nā mea kanu bulb, he mea maʻamau ma kēlā mau ʻaoʻao. Hānau ʻia ʻo ia mau kime nā pipi ʻelua i ka makahiki. ʻaʻole lākou e hoʻāʻo e holo pe ʻau i ka wā e huki ʻia ai, noho mālie lākou, ʻoiai inā i kau ʻia ma ko lākou mau kuli, me he mea lā he leʻa wale nō lākou, a he mea aloha loa lākou ke hele ʻole ʻia. no laila ʻaʻohe kumu e makaʻu ai e hoʻohoka iā lākou a ʻaʻa ia a hāʻawi aku ia i kahi ʻona maikaʻi ʻole, ʻaʻole lākou e loaʻa ka mea ʻala maikaʻi loa e like me nā kiʻina ʻē aʻe, no laila, hiki ke mālama ʻia nā holoholona i nā hale me ka pilikia a me ka uku haʻahaʻa, e uku hou lākou i nā kālā āpau inā hemo lākou i kā lākou lauoho. ʻoi ka mea i ʻike nui ʻia ma mua o kēia mau mea, hiki iā lākou ke hana i nā palaka a me nā mea waiwai mai kēia huluhulu. "
I ka makahiki 1829, ua hoʻopuka ʻia kahi chinchilla liʻiliʻi i Ladana a wehewehe iā Bennett. He mea noho maluhia kēia mea, akā naʻe, i hoʻāʻo ʻia i kekahi manawa i loko o kahi ʻano ʻino. Ua hauʻoli pinepine ʻo ia, a hiki wale i ka manawa ke ʻike ʻia kāna mau ʻekeʻehā. Noho ihola ʻo ia ma kona mau wāwae hind, akā hiki iā ia ke kū a kū i luna o kona mau wāwae hind, lawe i ka meaʻai i kona waha me nā ihu mua. I ka hoʻoilo, pono wau e lawe iā ia i loko o kahi lumi ʻaina wela. Nui kona aloha i nā hua kanu a me nā loina succulent ma mua o nā mea kanu maloʻo, ka mea, ua ʻoluʻolu loa ia i ka ʻai ʻia e ka chinchilla pōkole nui. ʻAʻole hiki i ke kanu ʻia kahi liʻiliʻi i kanu ʻia me ka mea nui, i ka manawa i hana ai lākou, ua hoʻomaka ʻia ke kaua weliweli, kahi e make ai ka mea liʻiliʻi inā ʻaʻole haʻalele ka poʻe hakakā i ka wā koke.
ʻO nā mea nānā e hiki iaʻu ke hana iaʻu iho ma luna o kahi chinchilla liʻiliʻi i loko o ka noho pio ʻana e kūpono nui me ka ʻikepili a Bennett. Akā, ua ʻōlelo koʻu pio pio ua ʻoi aku ʻoi aku ka nocturnal ma mua o kahi holoholona. ʻOiaʻiʻo, hiki i ka chinchilla ke noho i ka pō ma ke ao, akā inā pīhoihoi wale nō ia. I ka wa i hala iho ai oia mailoko o ka paahao a hiki huakai nui a puni ka hale i ka makemake, e pee mau ana oia i ka la, aka ua oi aku ka ola ma ka po.
Makemake nui nā ʻAmelika Hema e ʻai i ka ʻai o nā ʻano ʻelua o chinchillas, makemake ʻia nā mea huakaʻi ʻē aʻe o ʻEulopa, ʻoiai lākou e ʻōlelo ʻole, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka ʻiʻo o ka puaʻa. Eia naʻe, hoʻohana ʻia kēia ʻiʻo ma waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe, ke kumu nui o ka hopu ʻana i ka ʻili. ʻO kā Chinchillas o nā Cordilleras kiʻekiʻe e mahalo nui ʻia, e like me ka Kea, no ka mea ua lōʻihi ko lākou lauoho, ʻoi aku ka mānoanoa a ʻoi aku ka lauoho a ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka hulu ma mua o nā holoholona kahakai, nona ka ʻili o nā ʻili i kumu ʻole. Ma ʻAmelika Huipū, ʻo kēia mau pāpale hana wale nō i hana ʻia mai kēia huluhulu, ua make me ke ʻano o nā mea hana loea.
Wahi a Lomer, ʻelua ʻāpana o nā hides i ke kālepa hulu: ka ʻili o nā pupuʻu ʻoka pōkole nui, lōʻihi a ua ʻoki loa nā lauoho, a me nā ʻili o nā chinchillas liʻiliʻi, nā pōkole, nā kumukūʻai mua 15-25 mau papa i kēlā, ʻo kēia wale nō ka papa 1,5 mau māka. . *
* 'Inlelo wale aku i ka mea a Brehm i ʻōlelo ai, ka manaʻo o ka hulu o ka chinchilla i ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o nā hulu o ka chinchilla iho, ka mea e hoʻomau ʻia kekahi o nā kumukūʻai loa o ka honua.
ʻO ka mea mua i hele i ke kālepa i kēlā me kēia makahiki a hiki i ka 20,000. ʻO ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā ʻili maikaʻi a maikaʻi loa hoʻi he mea paʻakikī loa, akā loaʻa nā ʻano transitional, ka wehewehe ʻana i ka paʻakikī o ka connoisseur.
Kōleʻa mauna (Lagidhtm) he mau pepeiao nui ko lākou, ʻo ka huelo i uhi ʻia me nā lauoho fluffy ma luna o kona ʻaoʻao kiʻekiʻe, mau wāwae ʻehā a me kahi ʻōpala lōʻihi loa. *
* I ka wā o Brem, ua kapa ʻia kēia mau holoholona he mau pipi. E noho ana nā ʻōpū o nā kuahiwi (Lagidium) i nā kolone a he 80 mau holoholona i kahi ʻōpala maloʻo, maikaʻiʻole nā mea kanu maikaʻiʻala o Andes mai Peru a Patagonia. ʻAʻole i like chinchillas, loaʻa iā lākou kahi hana o kēlā me kēia lā a lawe wale i ka 1 cub i kēlā me kēia litter.
I nā ʻōlelo o ka hana niho, ua pili loa nā chinchillas a me nā viskashas i kekahi i kekahi, ua like like lāua me ke ʻano ola. A hiki i kēia lā, ʻelua mau ʻano o nā puʻupuʻu mauna e ʻike maopopo ʻia e noho nei ma waena o nā pali o ka Cordillera ma kahi o ka palena o ka hau kapu ma kahi o 3000 a 5000 mau mika ma luna o ke kai.
* ʻEkolu mau ʻano kīkahi kuahiwi.
E like lākou me ka mobile a me ka dexterous e like me chinchillas, hōʻike lākou i nā mea like a me ka hoʻopili i nā mea kanu a ʻoi paha ka mea like o nā mea kanu ʻole. ʻO nā ʻano ʻelua, noho kekahi i nā ʻaoʻao o ka ʻaoʻao hema o Peru a me Bolivia, ʻo kekahi - ʻo ka ʻāpana ʻākau o Peru a me ʻEkuador.
Kahikahana Viskasha (Kahiahi kekona).
ʻOi aku ka holoholona i ka nui a me nā hiʻohiʻona o ka pīpī, ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o kona mau wāwae hind ma mua o nā kelepona maoli, a ʻo ka ʻihi lōʻihi ʻaʻole i ʻae ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka peʻa o kā mākou hares. ʻElua a 8 cm ka lōʻihi, ua kahakaha nā ʻaoʻao o loko, ua puni ka ʻaoʻao, ma waho ua uhi ʻia lākou i ka hulu hipa, i loko o kahi kokoke i kahi kapa ʻole, kūleʻa ka ʻaoʻao i nā kanu me ka lauoho. He palupalu ka hulu a he lōʻihi, lōʻihi nā lauoho, me ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i kekahi mau mea ʻeleʻele, i keʻokeʻo ma ke kumu, ma ke kaʻe o ka keʻokeʻo i hui pū ʻia me ka melemele-brown. Ma muli o kēia, ua loaʻa ka hulu i ka kala hina-hina, ma ka ʻaoʻao i mea ʻoluʻolu loa a lilo i ʻulaʻula. ʻO ka huelo mai lalo a ma nā ʻaoʻao ua noho ʻia me ka lauoho pōkole, keʻokeʻo a ʻeleʻele, a ma ka hope he ʻeleʻele loa ia, mai luna aʻe o ka lauoho ua brownish-ʻeleʻele, lōʻihi a lōʻihi. ʻO ka hapanui ke kūpaʻa ʻana i nā ʻolika lōʻihi e kokoke ana i nā poʻohiwi. *
* He ʻanuʻu lōʻihi ʻokoʻa o nā lālā o ka ʻohana.
Mahalo paha kēlā mau ʻili i komo i ke kālepa ma lalo o ka inoa ʻo "chinchillons" hele mai kēia holoholona. He mea waiwai ʻole lākou, ʻaʻole wale nō haneli i hāʻule i kēlā me kēia makahiki i Europa.
Kahu ʻōpū Ua like ʻo Lagostomus maximm) me ka chinchilla ma mua o ka wiski mauna. *
ʻAʻole like ke kiʻi o ka plana viskasha i nā chinchillas a me ka mauna viskash. ʻIke ʻia ʻaʻole wale ma nā pāpū, akā, ma nā mauna haʻahaʻa, ma nā puʻu mauna a hiki i 2600 m.
Pāpaʻa ke kino me ka ʻāʻī pōkole a maloʻo ikaika hope, hope nā wāwae ʻākau a he wāwae ʻehā, ikaika nā wāwae ʻehā a ʻelua nā wāwae a me ko lākou lima ʻekolu. He mānoanoa ke poʻo, puni, ʻūʻele ma luna, a wili i nā ʻaoʻao, puʻupuʻu pōkole a he pahuhopu. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā kinamona ma nā lehelehe a me nā pāpālina e ka ʻoi ʻole ʻoi aku ka ʻike, ʻoi aku lākou i like me ka mea pena ma mua o ka hoʻohālikelike ʻia ʻana, he elasticity nui a me ka hīmeni inā ʻoe e hoʻopaʻa i kahi mea iā lākou. ʻAno nunui, ʻilihune, kūmole nā pepeiao o ke kāʻei liʻiliʻi, ʻaʻole hoʻi ka nui o nā maka ākea, he ihu e uhi ʻia ana i ka huluhulu a me nā lehelehe hohonu o nā lehelehe nui e like me nā hiʻohiʻona o ke poʻo. ʻO ka ʻaoʻao o lalo o nā wāwae hind i mua i uhi ʻia me ka huluhulu, a ʻo kahi kapa o ka corpus callosum e haki wale ana i hope, ʻo ka ʻaoʻao o lalo o nā wāwae ʻākau, ma kahi ʻē aʻe, kahi ʻokoʻa loa. ʻO nā laka pōkole e hoʻopuni ʻia e nā lauoho palupalu e hana i nā lima o nā wāwae mua, a ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi a me ka ikaika o nā wāwae hind. I uhi ʻia ke kino me ka hulu ʻoi ka hulu, ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka ʻaoʻao o ka ʻāpana like me ka lauoho ʻeleʻele a me ka ʻeleʻele. ʻOi aku ka hina o ke poʻo ma mua o nā ʻaoʻao o ke kino, ke kīʻaha ākea e pālahalaha ana ma ka ʻaoʻao o luna o ka muzzle a ma kahi o nā pāpālina he keʻokeʻo, uhi ʻia ka ʻili i nā keʻokeʻo a me nā ʻulaʻula, ʻo nā ʻāpana āpau a ma lalo o nā wāwae i keʻokeʻo. Eia nō naʻe, aia i kekahi manawa he lūlū mai kēia kala. No nā poʻe ʻē aʻe, ʻoi aku ka hapa o ka kua i ʻulaʻula-hina me nā ʻeleʻele, ma ka ʻaoʻao o keʻokeʻo ke keʻokeʻo, ma luna o nā papalina i kahi ʻulaʻula ulaula-ʻulaʻulaʻula, ʻeleʻele ka muzzle, ʻeleʻele ka ʻili o ka ʻulaʻula. ʻO 50 cm ka lōʻihi o ke kino, 18 cm ka lōʻihi.
* Hiki i ka nui o kahi pākeke ke hiki i 7 kg. ʻO ka paona nui o nā chinchillas a me nā ʻōhumu mauna he -1.6 kg.
Hoʻopili ʻo Plain viskasha i kona mau ʻohana ma ka ʻohana ma ka ʻaoʻao hikina o Andes, ʻo kona wahi i kaʻi ʻia i kēia manawa ka pampas, mai Buenos Aires a Patagonia. A hiki i ka lawaiʻa ʻana o ka ʻāina a hiki i kēia wā, loaʻa ia ma Paraguay. I kahi e noho nei, loaʻa ia ma nā helu he nui. Ma kekahi mau wahi he nui nā wahi o ia e noho ai nā ʻohana hipa ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua o ke alanui, akā aia wale nō kēia ma ka pō.
He wahi kaawale loa a me nā wahi neoneo e pae nei iā ia kahi, akā hele ʻo ia i ke ala a pau i nā māla ʻana i kanu ʻia, ʻike nā mea mākaʻikaʻi e ʻike inā he nui nā viskacheras, ʻo ia hoʻi nā wahi noho o kēia holoholona, ʻo ia hoʻi kahi pili o Sepania.
Noho ʻo Viskasha i ka pohā nui a me nā wahi he nui i ka ʻāina maloʻo a ʻeliʻeli i lalo o nā awāwa ma lalo o nā ʻulā. Noho pū ʻo Burrows a noho pū ʻia nō hoʻi. Ua hoʻolako ʻia lākou me nā alahele he nui a me nā ala no ka pakele a i loko e hoʻokaʻawale i nā keʻena, i hilinaʻi ʻia i ka nui o ka ʻohana i hoʻonoho ma aneʻi. Hiki i ka nui o nā lālā o ka ʻohana ke hiki i ka 8-10, akā i kēia hihia, haʻalele ka ʻāpana o ka heluna i ka hale kahiko a hoʻokumu hou i kahi mea hou, ke hoʻonohonoho paʻa i kahi kokoke o ka mea kahiko.
* ʻO ka mea maʻamau, e uhi ana nā viscacheras i kahi wahi e pili ana iā 600 m2 a aia kahi he 20 mau hola a hiki i 200 m kona lōʻihi a kahi hoʻi e komo ana ka 1 m i ka anawaena. ʻO ka nui o nā holoholona he 20-30 mau holoholona, ʻoi aku ka makua kāne makua "alakaʻi" iā ia. Mahalo i nā ʻano o ka honua mai ka pahu uila, ua hoʻāla ʻia ka palena o ka kolone i ka 50-80 cm ma luna o ka papa o ka pā.
Mea pinepine ia hele mai kekahi kahe ʻakaʻaka a lilo i mea nui a noho i kekahi. ʻAi ʻole ʻo nā kīʻaha Tidy i ke alo o kahi hoa noho e mālama i ke kauoha e like me kā lākou e hana ai, a haʻalele koke inā hōʻeha kekahi o nā malihini iā lākou i kona haumia. *
* Nui nā holoholona i noho i nā ʻūlū. ʻO ka hapanui o nā ʻimalima ua noho ʻole i nā ʻuʻā a ʻaʻoleʻino i ka kola, nā ʻalopeke a me nā nahesa nui i hoʻoweliweli.
Ma muli o kēia, hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia ka lepo i kahi manawa o ke mile ʻehā. Noho ka ʻohana a pau i ka lā holoʻokoʻa, e peʻe ana i kahi hale, i ka manawa e hele ai ka lā i hōʻike ʻia kekahi holoholona, a i kekahi, a me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kakahiaka, hōʻuluʻulu ʻia kahi lehulehu i mua o nā komo ʻana. E nānā pono ana inā mālie nā mea a pau, a e kaʻahele a puni nā hale i kahi lōʻihi ma mua o ka hele ʻana i ka meaʻai. I kēia manawa, ʻike ʻoe i ke ʻano o ka nui o kēia mau holoholona e pāʻani ana i waena o lākou iho, a lohe hoʻi i kahi mamao nui o kā lākou huki, like me ka puaʻa. Inā hoʻomaha mālie nā mea a pau, a laila e ʻai ke kai no ka meaʻai, a ʻo nā mea āpau e kūpono i kēlā me kēia mea. ʻO nā ʻōmaʻomaʻo, nā aʻa a me ka ʻōpala, ʻoiaʻiʻo hoʻi, e kūkulu i ka ʻāpana nui o ka hānai, akā inā aia ma nā kī ma kahi kokoke, a laila e kipa aku nā holoholona iā lākou a hoʻopuka i nā luku weliweli ma laila. I ka hele ʻana i ka ʻai, he mea nui loa lākou: ʻaʻole ka manawa i poina ia e pale iā lākou iho. Hoʻokahi ʻia, kū ka ʻākiu i kona mau wāwae hind, e hoʻolohe pono ana a me nā hua e komo ai i loko o ka pouli i ka pō. I ke kani iki aʻe, holo lākou a wikiwiki, me ka ʻuwā nui, kāhea aku i kā lākou mau puʻu, nui loa ka makaʻu me lākou hoʻōho a kani wale lākou inā lākou i hōʻea i kahi hale palekana. *
* Mālama mau ʻo Whiskey i ke kamaʻilio ma ka koloni me nā hōʻailona pū. Mea waiwai loa kā lākou repertoire.
Ma o kā lākou neʻe ʻana, ʻo ka pulupulu he mau ala like ʻole me nā kāmeʻa, akā naʻe, ua hoʻowahāwahā ʻia lākou me ka wikiwiki, ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka leʻaleʻa, hauʻoli a hauʻoli hou i nā pāʻani. E hele ana i ka nahelehele, lele like lākou me ka holo ʻana o kekahi me kekahi, ʻo ka lele me ka lele, a me ka haki ʻana i kekahi me kekahi.
* Ua holo ʻo Whiskey i ka wikiwiki o 40 km / h, hiki iā ia ke hana i ʻekolu mauʻeke paha. Holo pinepine lākou e kanu mamao mamao i nā viskacheras, ʻoiai ua pau ka lōʻihi o ka mauʻu a puni iā ia, a holo wikiwiki lākou e holo i loko o kahi lua i ka pōʻino, huli koi ʻo ia.
Hali lākou i kā lākou puʻu i nā mea like a lākou i ʻike ai i ka wā i puka aku ai i ka pā nahele a hoʻokomo iā lākou i loko o kahi puʻupuʻu ma mua o ka puka, me he mea lā e hiki ke hana kēia mau mea e like me nā mea pāʻani no lākou. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā polu a me nā ʻuʻuku i mua o nā lua, nā puʻu pipi a me nā mea i make ʻole ʻia e nā kānaka ʻaʻole i lawe pono mai i nā holoholona, a me ka gaucho, a nalowale kekahi mea, e hele aku ʻoe i ka viskarasaras kokoke e nānā no ka mea nalowale ma laila. E hoʻokuʻu pono nā holoholona i nā mea pono ʻole a pau mai ko lākou mau home. Inā hōʻiliʻili lākou i nā hua mokuleka i nā lua wai e hānai ai i ka manawa paʻakikī o ka makahiki, ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia, ma ka liʻiliʻi o kekahi o nā kuhihewa kahiko. ʻO kā lākou leo ke kahakaha, leo nui, a me ka ukiuki ʻaʻole hiki ke wehewehe.
E pili ana i ka hana hou ʻana a hiki i kēia lā, ʻaʻohe mea ʻike ʻia. Ua ʻōlelo ʻia e hānau ʻia nā wahine i nā keiki he 2-4 mau mea e ulu a ulu aʻe ma nā mahina 2-4. *
* I ka makahiki hoʻokahi kekahi (ma nā ʻāpana ʻākau - ʻelua) brood i Iulai - ʻAukake. Hoʻonui ʻia ke kahuhipa mau mahina 5 mau, maʻa mau he 2 mau kime i ulu i ka litter. Ma ka noho pio ana, ola ke Viskash i 10 mau makahiki.
ʻO ka hele wale ʻana ʻike i hoʻokahi cub ma nā viskashas kahiko. Hoʻopaʻa mau ʻo ia i kāna makuahine. Hana ʻo ia iā ia me ke aloha maikaʻi loa a pale ʻia inā he pōpilikia. Inā ʻoe e hopu i nā cubs a hoʻomaʻamaʻa iā lākou, lilo lākou i maʻalahi a maʻalahi e paʻa, e like me kā mākou mau pigits. Ma kekahi mau wahi i ʻike ʻia i loko o nā māla Zoological ʻEulopa, ka kōneke, ka mea i mālama ʻia ma ka māla Frankfurt, ʻo ia hoʻi, e like me Gaake, ka hoʻomau kino ʻana, nā kūpilikio, a me ka ʻano like ʻole i ka hana ʻino.
Hoʻoweliweli ʻia ʻo Wiskash no kā lākou ʻai a me ka ʻili ma mua o ko lākou eli ʻana. Ma nā wahi āpau he maʻamau lākou, pili maoli ka lio lio i ke ola ʻana, no ka mea, e kaohi mau ka lio i nā ana o nā wahi ākea hāpau loa a makaʻu loa lākou inā ʻaʻole e hāʻule, a kiola ʻia ka holo lio, a heʻe paha i ko lākou mau wāwae.
Kahu ʻōpū (Lākōkōlani maximus)
Mai kahi mamao, ʻike ke ʻano ʻōiwi i kahi viskaras mai kahi liʻiliʻi melon hihiu nui e ʻai nui ʻia e nā holoholona. Loaʻa mau kēia lāʻau kahi i kahi nui o nā viskacheras, e lawelawe nei ma kahi hōʻailona e hikiʻole ai i nā wahi pilikia. Ke hoʻāʻo lākou e kipaku iā Viskash mai nā wahi kokoke i nā kauhale a pau ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke ahi a me ka wai e luku ai iā lākou. ʻO ka mauʻu a puni nā ʻeleʻele e puhi ʻia, a laila hoʻi ka kaola ʻana i ka ʻai, nā wahi noho a hoʻoneʻe i nā holoholona e ʻimi i ke ola ma waho o ka puʻu, kahi i loaʻa ai nā ʻīlio e kali nei. Hoʻopili i nā kānaka, he nui nā ʻenemi ʻē aʻe o kēia holoholona. ʻO ka mea a Condor, ʻōlelo lākou, haki i ka whiskas e like me ka nui o ko lākou mau hoahānau i ke kuahiwi, ʻo ka ʻīlio hihiu a me nā ʻalopeke e haki ka ʻona iā lākou ma ke alahele inā hele lākou ma mua o nā puʻu, a komo nā kiʻoni marsupial i loko o ko lākou mau home, kahi e hoʻouka ai i nā holoholona. ʻOiaʻiʻo, pale ka viskasha i ka nui loa mai ka nui o kona mau ʻenemi ikaika, hakakā me nā ʻīlio no ka manawa lōʻihi, ke kaua wiwo ʻole me nā kiʻiki marsupial, a hōʻalo wale i nā wāwae o ka poʻe, akā he aha ka mea e hana ai ka mea hiki ʻole ke hana ʻino i ka poʻe hōʻino ikaika! Akā naʻe, ʻoiai kēlā mau hōʻino ʻana, ʻaʻole i hoʻomaka ka helu ʻana i ka nui o nā mau lālani inā ʻaʻole kā lākou hoʻonui i ke kanu ʻana i ka ʻāina i mea ʻole i ka hānai. A ma ka pili ʻana i kēia, ua hopu i kahi kanaka, i lilo i ka ʻenemi weliweli loa o kēia holoholona.
Pono ka ʻōlelo Inea ʻaʻole i hiki i ka viskasha i paʻa i kāna lua a make ʻo ia inā make ʻole ʻia e nā hoahānau. No laila, kaukū ʻia nā ʻĀina i nā loea nui o ka viskacheras a hoʻopaʻa ʻia i kahi o kā lākou ʻīlio ma ke ʻano he mea kiaʻi, no laila ʻaʻole ia e ʻae i nā viskas ʻē aʻe i mākaukau e kōkua mai i nā mea pio a hoʻi hou ka poʻe India me nā laka a me nā ʻupena ma laila. No ke kumu, hopohopo nā ʻōpiopio paʻa i ka hele ʻana, me ka ʻike ʻana i kahi ʻīlio kokoke i ka hale, a hiki i ka poʻe Initia i kona pahuhopu i kēia ala.
ʻAi nā ʻĀina i ka ʻiʻo viskash a hoʻohana i ko lākou ʻili, ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka nui o ka waiwai o ka ʻili o nā ʻano o nā ʻano o luna.
A. Brem "Ola ola holoholona"
I hoʻoponopono ʻia e Ka Luna ʻ L.lelo L. M. Nikolsky.Saint Petersburg 1902
HoikeK. biol. n M.S. Galina and K. biol. n M. B. Kornilova
Hale Paʻi M .: OLMA-PRESS OJSC "Red Proletariat" 2004
ʻO ka ʻohana ʻAmelika liʻiliʻi o chinchillas (Lagostomidae) i hana ma ke ʻano transition ma waena o nā kahe a me ka hares. *
* Ua kapa ʻia kēia ʻohana ʻo Chinchillidae.
Hiki i nā lālā o kēia mea ke kapa ʻia me nā lālani lōʻihi. ʻO nā niho molar me kahi aʻa, me nā 2-3 kūlike ʻehā o ka enamel. He leʻaleʻa ka hulu, ʻulaʻula kukui me nā keʻokeʻo, ʻeleʻele-ʻōmaʻomaʻo a ʻulaʻula paha. Noho lākou i nā lua a i lalo paha nā mauna ma nā kuahiwi o ʻAmelika Hema, ʻike ʻia wale i ka weliweli. E ka neʻe, ʻo kēia mau ʻāpana hapa-hapa, hapalua-mice, wikiwiki, ola, dexterous, waahi. Wahi a nā manaʻo noʻonoʻo, nā holoholona liʻiliʻi. Hoʻohālike ikaika, e like me nā hares. Lā maʻalahi lākou ke lawe pio, maʻemaʻe. Hāʻawi lākou i ka hulu manuʻala a me nā mea momona maikaʻi.
ʻO nā chinchillas iā lākou iho (Eriomys) i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e ke poʻo mānoanoa, pālahalaha, nā pepeiao pepeiao, nā alo 5, ka 'āina lima, 4 mau wāwae kahe a me ka hulu ʻēmaʻomaʻo, silky. *
* Aia ke ʻano o nā genchillas i kapa ʻia ʻo Chinchilla.
Ua ʻike ʻia ʻelua ʻano ʻano nui: chinchilla nui (E. chinchilla) a me nā chinchilla liʻiliʻi (E. lanigera). ʻO ka mea mua he 30 cm ka lōʻihi, me kahi huelo o 13, nā kapa, ka ʻōkohu, maloʻo a me ka huluhulu i loaʻa ke ʻano ʻulaʻula ʻia me kahi kāmeleʻeleʻele ma luna o ka wīwī a keʻokeʻo ma lalo nei. ʻO kahi mea hele, e piʻi ana mai ke komohana a hiki i Cordillera, a hiki i kahi kiʻekiʻe o 7-10 mano mau wāwae, e ʻike ana ua uhi ʻia nā pōhaku āpau me nā chinchillas. Ma ka lā lā, ke noho nei ka lā ma mua o kā lākou mau puʻu, i ka pūlima, me kā lākou neʻe wikiwiki, ke neʻe ʻana, ka hoʻihoʻi i ka waonahele, nā ʻū aʻa mai loko mai o kēlā me kēia kahaha, nā poʻo o nā holoholona me nā maka ʻeleʻele e puka aʻe.
Hoʻohana koke ʻo Chinchillas i ke pio ʻana, ua maʻemaʻe, nani a maikaʻi hoʻi, akā ʻaʻole kiʻi i ke aloha i ko lākou haku. Ma muli o ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka hōʻino, hele pinepine ka holoholona i kēlā me kēia makahiki i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Holo lākou iā ia ma o ke kau ʻana i nā kuʻuna, a me ke kōkua hoʻi o ka weasel loea (Mustela agilis). Ano e ʻimi iā lākou pono e piʻi i loko o nā ka nahele ākea a me ka manuahi.
Ke Northern a me Middle Chile, ua loli ke kuʻi nui i kahi chinchilla liʻiliʻi, e like me ka mua ma ke ʻano a me ke ʻano o ke ola ʻana, heʻuʻuku wale nō ka nui: he 40 cm kona lōʻihi, a ʻo kahi ʻakolu kahi hiʻu. ʻO ka kala o kona hulu ka hina hina me nā pōkā uliuliʻeleʻele, a ma ka ʻili a me nā wāwae - me kahi hā o kahi hina hina a i ʻole hoʻi i ka poni melemele. E hānai ana i nā mea kanu bulbous me ka hāʻawi ʻole ʻana i nā hua kanu a me nā lau maloʻo. Ma ke ala o ke ola, he holoholona nui nocturnal i hōʻalo i ka mālamalama. He leo koʻikoʻi kāna leo, e like me ka pīpī.
• Ua manaʻo ʻia ka hulu ʻo Chinchilla i kekahi o nā mea i ʻoi loa ma ka honua, no laila, ma muli o ka luku piha ʻana, ua ola wale kēia mau holoholona i nā wahi palena ma waena o Chile a me Peru. Ke mālama nei kēia ʻano lāʻau a hoʻonui pinepine ʻia ka nui o ka chinchillas. I kēia manawa, ua hoʻohana ʻia nā chinchillas i mau holoholona ulu - hiki iā lākou ke loaʻa i loko o kā mākou hale kūʻai holoholona ..
• ʻAʻole hana maʻalahi ka hoʻomoe ʻana i nā chinchillas, akā mai ka makahiki 20 o ka makahiki XX, ua ulu ʻia nā chinchillas i USA i nā mahiʻai hulu a i kēia manawa i kēia ʻāina ma mua o 70 tausani mau chinchillas.
Mai nā chinchillas pono he mea nui e hoʻokaʻawale i nā fluffers (Lagidium), he mau pepeiao ʻoi aku, he ʻoho lauoho, ʻehā mau wāwae ʻehā a me kahi makika lōʻihi loa. *
* Pili kēia i ka 'mau mele pōpilikia pili i ka ʻohana e like me nā chinchillas. I ka huina he 4 mau ʻano.
E like me nā holoholona ma mua, ʻo lākou kekahi mea i ka launa, ola a me ka ʻoliʻoli. Loaʻa ma Peru, Bolivia a me Ecuador. ʻO ka mea kaulana loa o ka pushakona Peruvian (L. Cuvieri), he mea e like me ka pīpī, ke hele wale nei nā wāwae ʻehā a me kahi oʻehā keu nui. ʻAno palupalu a maloʻo loa, he lehu hina hina, e huli ana i nā wahi i ʻōmaʻomaʻo. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia kēia hulu mai ka poʻe kālepa ma lalo o ka inoa chinchillon a loaʻa i kāna waiwai liʻiliʻi.
Hoʻohālike like me Vishkash chinchillas (Lagostomus), me ke kino ākea a me ka ikaika convex, ʻo nā wāwae mua i ʻelua ʻāpana ʻehā, nā wāwae ʻehā, ʻelua a ʻelua ka lōʻihi.
* Plain viskacha - nā ʻāpana nui loa o ka ʻohana (ka lōʻihi o ke kino 50-60 cm, ka ʻili o ka visiska i kālai ʻia i ke ʻano o ke kīwī kōpī - 15-20 cm), nā ʻeleʻele nui a me nā ʻulaʻula keʻokeʻo e kū ana ma luna o ka puʻu.
ʻO kahi poʻo i hoʻopuni ʻia, hoʻopā nui ma nā ʻaoʻao, a hoʻopau me kahi puʻupuʻu pōkole. Noho nā lelo a me nā pāpālina me ka umauma paʻakikī, hoʻokuʻi a kokoke i ka metalik, he elanika elastic. ʻAneʻane kapa lewa, ʻikiʻiki, nā puʻupuʻu - nā ʻāpana nui, nā maka ākea ākea nō hoʻi. ʻO ke kino ke kapa ʻana i ka hulu mānoʻi, aneane pōʻeleʻele i ke kua a he hina ma nā ʻaoʻao, akā ke keʻokeʻo ma lalo nei. Lahi a hiki i 50 cm, hiku 18. ʻO ka pīpī ka maʻamau i ka pampas a Patagonia, kahi lākou e noho nei i nā kaiāulu. *
* Nā wahi Viskach - nā viskacheros - ka hale kūlike e like me nā hale kanu kanu me nā kuahiwi 20-30 me nā pālahalaha ākea a me nā keʻena manuahi i ka hohonu o ka 1-1,5 m ka noho ʻana, e like me nā hale moe marmot, no nā haneli he mau haneli a he mau haneli mau makahiki. I nā ʻōhua moe kiki, nā ʻano like ʻole o nā iniseti, mea reptile a me kekahi mau manu, no ka laʻana, nā ana, nā ana hue, ola.
ʻAi lākou i ka aʻa a me ka mauʻu. Wahi a nā neʻe, ua like ka viskashas me nā moles, ʻoi aku ka leʻaleʻa wale o ka pena. E like me ka agua, halihali lākou i nā mea like ʻole i kā lākou mau lua a waiho ʻia i loko o kahi ahu i ke alo o ka puka, me he mea lā e hiki ke hana kēia mau mea e like me nā mea pāʻani. ʻO ka poʻe Gauchos, ʻike ʻike i kēia, e hele mau e nānā i nā mea i nalowale i ka "viskacheras". E hoʻokuʻu pono nā holoholona i nā mea pono ʻole a lākou mai kā lākou mau lua. ʻO ko lākou leo he mea eʻilihune a makemake ʻole paha. ʻAʻole huki wale ʻia ʻo Viskash no kā lākou ʻai a me ka hulu, akā ua kipaku loa ʻia, ke kahe ʻana i nā lua me ka wai a i ʻole ka uahi, ʻoiai nā lio gauchos e hāʻule ana i kā lākou mau lua, a ʻuwī i ko lākou mau wāwae. Pono ʻo Viskasha i ka pale ʻana iā ia iho ʻaʻole wale i nā ʻīlio, akā, i ke kanaka me ka ʻaihue ʻana i kona mau wāwae, akā ʻoiaʻiʻo, me ka ʻole o ka hōʻeha o ka pōpoki.
• Hoʻomoʻa maoli ʻia ʻo Whiskey i nā mea ʻala a me nā mea i ulana ʻia e ʻoka ana i ke komo ʻana i nā pū wai.
• Ke ʻano nui nei nā ʻōniʻoniʻo: ʻai i ke kani nui, ke kūlulu kūwī, ke kū mālie ana a me ka inu ʻana i ka mālie ʻana, a ʻike hoʻi i ka ʻenemi mai kahi mamao aku, hana lākou i ka hamama nui e like me ke kuʻina ʻana o kahi puaʻa, a laila huli i loko o nā ʻūhā kūwaho, a me ka hoʻopio ʻana i kahi lua mai ka weliweli kūlou hoʻi.
Kaʻu kiko 3: ʻaʻole hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ʻo Chinchillas e nā ʻike naʻauao maikaʻi.
Manaʻo kekahi kekahi, ʻaʻole he holoholona akamai ka chinchillas, akā kēlā me kēia mea nona ka hale holoholona liʻiliʻi e hoʻopaʻapaʻa me ka hilinaʻi me ka ʻōlelo like ʻole. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ma nā ʻōlelo o ka pili ʻana o kēia holoholona i kahi iole, kahi e ʻike ai ʻoe, ʻo ia kekahi o nā mea akamai a maikaʻi loa.
Myth # 4: Chinchillas ʻAʻole i huhū
Mai hilinaʻi i ka poʻe e hakakā nei no ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o kēia ʻōlelo. E like me nā pōpoki a me nā ʻīlio, chinchillas molt ʻelua i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Hiki ke hoʻomaha i ke koena o kāu mau kapa ʻoiai ke makaʻu ʻia ka holoholona i kou wā e hoʻopaʻa ana. He kūlohelohe maoli kēia, no ka mea, ua aneane kekahi holoholona hānai e loaʻa ana i ke kaumaha a me ka hopohopo.
Pehea e hoʻoheheʻe ai i nā puʻu ʻōpiopio?
Hiki ke kūʻai aku nā mea kūʻai aku ʻole e nā mea kuleana ʻole i hana ʻole i ka mālama ʻana i ka mea hānai holoholona, ʻo ia hoʻi e holo koke ka huahana, a laila hāʻule i loko o ka ipu o kāu mau punahele. ʻO ka mea kūʻai aku e hana hewa ma ke kāwili ʻana i nā huahana kiʻekiʻe a hōʻolo ʻole ʻia, a ʻoiai hoʻi me kahi pūʻulu hoʻolālā.
Tō pane maikaʻi 1
Pehea e hoʻohuli ai i nā lima chinchilla?
Ua hānai nui nā mākua i nā chinchillas i kahi lōʻihi, a, e like me kā lākou ʻōlelo, pono lākou e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka holoholona mai nā mahina mua o ke ola.
E kiʻi koke a ʻaʻole ʻōlelo. ʻO ka mea mua, ʻae wale, a laila ua ʻōpelemakule, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻohi aʻe a pau ka manawa liʻiliʻi me ia, e hoʻonui mālie ʻia ana e loaʻa iā ʻoe ka chinchilla.
Aia nā pakeke - ʻaʻole au e pane pane iki aku ai. Hiki i ka holoholona ke ulu i nā kūlana like ʻole, a ua hiki ke hana i kahi ʻano o ka honua a me ka hanana i ka pili o ka poʻe, no laila e ʻōlelo ai.
ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, e hilinaʻi a pau kēia i ka holoholona ponoʻī. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻohana koke iā ʻoe, a i ka hala ma hope o kekahi mau makahiki i paulele ʻole ʻia ʻo ia.
Pane maikaʻi 2
E huli ma ke kumuhana
Kākau: 1,145 Kālā no nā pou 46355 RUB (Nā ʻōlelo kikoʻī): 1,126 Likes i loaʻa: 1,830He pākiʻi a he aha kāu e ʻike ai iā ia?
i 606 pou 160%
He holoholona nā Viskasha no ka rodents a me ka ʻohana chinchilla. Mahele ʻia nā Viskashs i nā pāpū, kahi e noho nui nei ma ka ʻāpana o ka ʻElepena a aia kekahi mau puʻu mauna e noho lā ma nā kuahiwi a hiki ke ʻike ʻia ma nā kiʻekiʻe a hiki i 5 tausani mau mika. ʻO ke kumuhana o ko lākou wahi noho ma ʻAmelika Hema.
ʻAno pīhoihoi maikaʻi nā ʻūlio, ma ka ʻaoʻao hoʻokahi he ʻano lāpala a i ʻole koʻi lāʻau paha, a ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe he mau ʻano like me nā kangaroo. ʻOkoʻa nā ʻōleʻa pale i nā mauna i ko lākou nui. ʻOi aku lākou i mua o nā ʻohana pili mauna. Hoʻohālike ʻia ke poʻo o ka holoholona me ke poʻo o ka rabi, ʻo ka ʻili a ʻoi a nui ka mea i like me ke poʻo o kahi lāʻau, akā like nā wāwae i ka kangaroos.
Hoʻomaʻa kēia mau holoholona, e like me nā mea he nui a me nā huaʻai, nā hua, nāʻu, nā lālā. ʻAi ka ʻōpū ʻōlehu i nā mauna, nā moss a me nā aʻa kanu. Noho ka poʻe Rodents i nā pūʻulu o 30 mau kanaka hoʻokahi, he mau rodents flat mau holoholona he nocturnal, akā pili ka ʻohana ʻohana ma ke ola o kēlā me kēia lā. Hoʻokumu lākou i kā lākou mau lua i ka ʻāina a laila hoʻonāukiuki i ka ʻōnaehana o nā mea kanu, no laila e hoʻopau lākou i nā ʻōpio i nā mea pōpoki. ʻO kēia mau holoholona hihiu a hemahema hoʻi i ka honua.
Kākau: 819 kālā no nā pou 56325 RUB (Nā ʻōlelo kikoʻī): 3,101 Likes i loaʻa: 2,772Kakau ʻia ma Lubezin i 01/14/2020 ma 10:43.
ma 559 pou 338%
ʻO wai ka ʻōpio?
He holoholona nā Viskasha no ka rodents a me ka ʻohana chinchilla. Mahele ʻia nā Viskashs i nā pāpū, kahi e noho nui nei ma ka ʻāpana o ka ʻElepena a aia kekahi mau puʻu mauna e noho lā ma nā kuahiwi a hiki ke ʻike ʻia ma nā kiʻekiʻe a hiki i 5 tausani mau mika. ʻO ke kumuhana o ko lākou wahi noho ma ʻAmelika Hema.
ʻAno pīhoihoi maikaʻi nā ʻūlio, ma ka ʻaoʻao hoʻokahi he ʻano lāpala a i ʻole koʻi lāʻau paha, a ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe he mau ʻano like me nā kangaroo. ʻOkoʻa nā ʻōleʻa pale i nā mauna i ko lākou nui. ʻOi aku lākou i mua o nā ʻohana pili mauna. Hoʻohālike ʻia ke poʻo o ka holoholona me ke poʻo o ka rabi, ʻo ka ʻili a ʻoi a nui ka mea i like me ke poʻo o kahi lāʻau, akā like nā wāwae i ka kangaroos.
Hoʻomaʻa kēia mau holoholona, e like me nā mea he nui a me nā huaʻai, nā hua, nāʻu, nā lālā. ʻAi ka ʻōpū ʻōlehu i nā mauna, nā moss a me nā aʻa kanu. Noho ka poʻe Rodents i nā pūʻulu o 30 mau kanaka hoʻokahi, he mau rodents flat mau holoholona he nocturnal, akā pili ka ʻohana ʻohana ma ke ola o kēlā me kēia lā. Hoʻokumu lākou i kā lākou mau lua i ka ʻāina a laila hoʻonāukiuki i ka ʻōnaehana o nā mea kanu, no laila e hoʻopau lākou i nā ʻōpio i nā mea pōpoki. ʻO kēia mau holoholona hihiu a hemahema hoʻi i ka honua.
ʻO Viskasha he rodentilla rodent kona helehelena hoihoi a nani. Ua like koke ia me ka kangaroo a me ka manuahi, hoʻohui i nā mea āpau i mua o ke kāʻei, e like me ka squirrel.
E ʻai ka holoholona i nā lau, nā hua, nā lālā o nā lāʻau, nā hua like ʻole. Ke hoʻohana mau nei ka Whole mauna i nā aʻa kanu, lichens, moss.
ʻO kekahi hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona o Viskasha ʻo ia ka manawa ala. ʻO nā pōpole laulea e hana ikaika i ka pō, akā ʻo nā ʻeleʻele o ka mauna e ikaika i ka pō.
Noho nā holoholona ma nā pūʻulu he nui, ʻo ka helu a hiki i ka 30 mau kanaka i nā pōpō, he nui ka pūnao o ka neʻe ʻana. Ma muli o ka mea, ke hānai nei nā kānaka iā lākou, ʻoiai ke luku ʻia nei ka hua momona.
He ʻōnaehana ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo āpau no kona pale ʻana: ma ke komo ʻana o ka puʻu i kau ai i nā pōkole bipi, me ka mea o ko lākou pu ʻana i kā lākou honi ʻana, paʻi ikaika i ko lākou mau wāwae ma ka uwa a uuwē nui aʻe i ka pōʻino.
ma 1,906 pou 48%
E ʻai ka holoholona i nā lau, nā hua, nā lālā o nā lāʻau, nā hua like ʻole. Ke hoʻohana mau nei ka Whole mauna i nā aʻa kanu, lichens, moss.
ʻO kekahi hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona o Viskasha ʻo ia ka manawa ala. ʻO nā pōpole laulea e hana ikaika i ka pō, akā ʻo nā ʻeleʻele o ka mauna e ikaika i ka pō.
Noho nā holoholona ma nā pūʻulu he nui, ʻo ka helu a hiki i ka 30 mau kanaka i nā pōpō, he nui ka pūnao o ka neʻe ʻana. Ma muli o ka mea, ke hānai nei nā kānaka iā lākou, ʻoiai ke luku ʻia nei ka hua momona.
He ʻōnaehana ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo āpau no kona pale ʻana: ma ke komo ʻana o ka puʻu i kau ai i nā pōkole bipi, me ka mea o ko lākou pu ʻana i kā lākou honi ʻana, paʻi ikaika i ko lākou mau wāwae ma ka uwa a uuwē nui aʻe i ka pōʻino.
Kāho kālā ʻaʻole kēia he holoholona nui mai ka ʻohana chinchilla. Noho kēia mau holoholona i ʻAmelika Hema. ʻO ka kū aʻe, he like like lākou me nā lapalapi, akā no kā lākou hiʻohiʻona hoihoi kāhea aku nei lākou i kapa ʻia lākou i ke ʻano o "standard of vivacity".
He ʻelua mau holoholona.
Noho lākou i ʻAmelika, Bolivia, Chile a me Peru. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino he 32-40 cm, a ʻo ka huelo he 23-32 cm. He mau pepeiao nui ko lākou. ʻO ko lākou kāhiko kaʻuʻuku a palupalu me kahi hina hina aʻeleʻele paha. Ma ka ʻōpū, ua māmā loa ia.
Noho lākou ma kahi kiʻekiʻe o 900 a 5000 mau m, ma kahi ʻōpala a me nā wahi maloʻo maikaʻiʻole o nā mea kanu. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia i nā koloni a ma kahi o 80 kanaka. ʻO nā ʻano puʻu ʻē aʻe a me nā puka ma nā wahi pōhaku a me nā pōhaku e hoʻolilo ʻia ma ka home.
Hoʻohana lākou i nā mea kanu like ʻole - mosses, herbs, lichens. ʻOi aku ka pōkole o ke ola.
ʻOkoʻa nā kaheʻe Plain mai ke kuahiwi. ʻO ka hulu ʻāʻī a ʻoluʻolu a me ke kala ʻulaʻula - ma ke kua he hina-brown, paler ma nā ʻaoʻao a keʻokeʻo ma ka ʻōpū. Aia nā wahi ākea ma nā pāpālina a ma luna o nā maka.
ʻO nā wahine nui, ʻaʻole i like me nā wahine. Nā laulā o lākou mai ka 5 a 9 9 kg, ka lōʻihi o ke kino - 68-82 cm, ka lōʻihi o ka huelo - 15-20. ʻO ka paona o nā wahine he 3.5-5 kg, ka lōʻihi o ke kino - 53-73 cm, ka lōʻihi o ka huelo - 13-17 cm.No ka ola o ke ola ma ka pio he 9 mau makahiki.
Paʻu lākou i nā mea kanu a me nā mea kanu māla.
Kākau: 1,145 Kālā no nā pou 46355 RUB (Nā ʻōlelo kikoʻī): 1,126 Likes i loaʻa: 1,830Hana ʻia e SoVa32, 01/14/2020 ma 11:46.
i 606 pou 160%
Kāho kālā ʻaʻole kēia he holoholona nui mai ka ʻohana chinchilla. Noho kēia mau holoholona i ʻAmelika Hema. ʻO ka kū aʻe, he like like lākou me nā lapalapi, akā no kā lākou hiʻohiʻona hoihoi kāhea aku nei lākou i kapa ʻia lākou i ke ʻano o "standard of vivacity".
He ʻelua mau holoholona.
Noho lākou i ʻAmelika, Bolivia, Chile a me Peru. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino he 32-40 cm, a ʻo ka huelo he 23-32 cm. He mau pepeiao nui ko lākou. ʻO ko lākou kāhiko kaʻuʻuku a palupalu me kahi hina hina aʻeleʻele paha. Ma ka ʻōpū, ua māmā loa ia.
Noho lākou ma kahi kiʻekiʻe o 900 a 5000 mau m, ma kahi ʻōpala a me nā wahi maloʻo maikaʻiʻole o nā mea kanu. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia i nā koloni a ma kahi o 80 kanaka. ʻO nā ʻano puʻu ʻē aʻe a me nā puka ma nā wahi pōhaku a me nā pōhaku e hoʻolilo ʻia ma ka home.
Hoʻohana lākou i nā mea kanu like ʻole - mosses, herbs, lichens. ʻOi aku ka pōkole o ke ola.
ʻOkoʻa nā kaheʻe Plain mai ke kuahiwi. ʻO ka hulu ʻāʻī a ʻoluʻolu a me ke kala ʻulaʻula - ma ke kua he hina-brown, paler ma nā ʻaoʻao a keʻokeʻo ma ka ʻōpū. Aia nā wahi ākea ma nā pāpālina a ma luna o nā maka.
ʻO nā wahine nui, ʻaʻole i like me nā wahine. Nā laulā o lākou mai ka 5 a 9 9 kg, ka lōʻihi o ke kino - 68-82 cm, ka lōʻihi o ka huelo - 15-20. ʻO ka paona o nā wahine he 3.5-5 kg, ka lōʻihi o ke kino - 53-73 cm, ka lōʻihi o ka huelo - 13-17 cm.No ka ola o ke ola ma ka pio he 9 mau makahiki.
Paʻu lākou i nā mea kanu a me nā mea kanu māla.
Kākau: 239 kālā no nā pou 6152 RUB (Nā ʻōlelo kikoʻī): 534 Nā mea i loaʻa: 323Kāho kālā he mamalia mai ka ʻohana chinchilla o nā rodents. He lapaʻau nui ko ia, he mau wāwae ikaika, me nā ʻūlū ma kona mau wāwae hind no ka ʻeli ʻana i ka lepo. He lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o ke kino e pili ana i ka 65 cm, hiki i ka huelo a hiki i 20 cm ka lōʻihi. Noho ka Viskasha i ka nui o nā sav savs ma ʻAmelika Hema. ʻO ka holoholona ponoʻeleʻele hina ma luna o a me ka hulu keʻokeʻo ma lalo. Aia ma ka maka he ʻololei a me nā keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo e hele nei i nā maka mai ka ihu. He huluhulu nani ke ʻano o ka lālani like me kahi hōʻailona nīnau. Hiki i ka holoholona ke kau ma luna o kona huelo a e noho ana ma kona mau wāwae hind a nānā i nā wahi kokoke. I ka wā ma mua, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka nui o kēia holoholona hihiu, akā ma muli o ka hoʻopōʻino a me nā pilikia i hoʻokumu ʻia i nā kamaʻāina (ahiki, kahu hipa), ua luku ʻia kēia rodent i nā wahi e noho nei i kona wahi noho. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia kēia holoholona i ke ahiahi a i ka pō a me ka leʻaleʻa, makemake ʻia e hōʻiliʻili a kau i nā mea aniani e kokoke ana i kona lua, me nā lālā maloʻo a me nā hulu manu. He leo hoihoi maikaʻi ʻia ʻo Whiskey.ʻOiai e ʻai ana, hiki iā ia ke hana i nā kani e like me ka uka ʻana, a ʻike ʻo ia i ka pōʻino, hoʻomaka ʻo ia e kāhea nui.
ma 137 pou 135%
Kāho kālā he mamalia mai ka ʻohana chinchilla o nā rodents. He lapaʻau nui ko ia, he mau wāwae ikaika, me nā ʻūlū ma kona mau wāwae hind no ka ʻeli ʻana i ka lepo. He lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o ke kino e pili ana i ka 65 cm, hiki i ka huelo a hiki i 20 cm ka lōʻihi. Noho ka Viskasha i ka nui o nā sav savs ma ʻAmelika Hema. ʻO ka holoholona ponoʻeleʻele hina ma luna o a me ka hulu keʻokeʻo ma lalo. Aia ma ka maka he ʻololei a me nā keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo e hele nei i nā maka mai ka ihu. He huluhulu nani ke ʻano o ka lālani like me kahi hōʻailona nīnau. Hiki i ka holoholona ke kau ma luna o kona huelo a e noho ana ma kona mau wāwae hind a nānā i nā wahi kokoke. I ka wā ma mua, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka nui o kēia holoholona hihiu, akā ma muli o ka hoʻopōʻino a me nā pilikia i hoʻokumu ʻia i nā kamaʻāina (ahiki, kahu hipa), ua luku ʻia kēia rodent i nā wahi e noho nei i kona wahi noho. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia kēia holoholona i ke ahiahi a i ka pō a me ka leʻaleʻa, makemake ʻia e hōʻiliʻili a kau i nā mea aniani e kokoke ana i kona lua, me nā lālā maloʻo a me nā hulu manu. He leo hoihoi maikaʻi ʻia ʻo Whiskey. ʻOiai e ʻai ana, hiki iā ia ke hana i nā kani e like me ka uka ʻana, a ʻike ʻo ia i ka pōʻino, hoʻomaka ʻo ia e kāhea nui.
Ma ʻAmelika Hema, noho nā holoholona kūlohelohe - Viskasha, no ka ʻohana chinchilla. Ma ka manawa like, like lākou me ka nui o ke kuʻahi, kahi baiki a me nā kangaroo.
Kāleka
Aia nā ʻōlulu mauna a me nā papu. ʻOkoʻa ka nui o nā ʻokoʻa: ka lōʻihi o ke kino o nā poʻe noho mua ma mua o 40 cm, a ʻo nā mea māmā he 2 mau manawa ka lōʻihi. ʻO ka huluhulu like-squirrel: lōʻihi a lōʻihi paha, ke poʻo a me nā pepeiao ke like me ka lālani. ʻEhā nā wāwae ʻākau a he lōʻihi nā wāwae ʻākau, e like me ka kangaroo. Heʻuʻuku a mamao hoʻi ka hulu.
ʻAiʻai a me ka Kaʻi
Paʻi ʻo nā ʻōmaka i nā mea kanu, nā aila wai, nā lālā, nā lau, nā moss, nā lichens. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā holoholona mauna i ke ao, a he mau holoholona ʻumi i ka pō. Noho lākou i nā pōlio, noho i nā ʻohana ma mua o 30 mau kānaka. He nui nā lala o ka hale ma lalo. I kekahi manawa hiki i kā lākou wahi āpau ke noho ma kahi o 600 mika square. No kēia, ʻaʻole lākou i makemake e nā kamaʻāina kamaʻāina, no ka mea, luku lākou i ka hua me kā lākou hoʻokumu ʻōlelo ʻana.
Hoʻopakele nā wāwae Hind i ka pōʻino, ma muli o ko lākou wikiwiki e ulu a hiki i 40 km, a ʻo kahi huelo lōʻihi. Ua pā lākou iā lākou ma ka ʻāina me ka uwa nui.
Ke emi nei ka nui o nā holoholona i ka hala pinepine a ma muli o nā hewa o ke kanaka.
ma 1,045 pou 91%
Ma ʻAmelika Hema, noho nā holoholona kūlohelohe - Viskasha, no ka ʻohana chinchilla. Ma ka manawa like, like lākou me ka nui o ke kuʻahi, kahi baiki a me nā kangaroo.
Kāleka
Aia nā ʻōlulu mauna a me nā papu. ʻOkoʻa ka nui o nā ʻokoʻa: ka lōʻihi o ke kino o nā poʻe noho mua ma mua o 40 cm, a ʻo nā mea māmā he 2 mau manawa ka lōʻihi. ʻO ka huluhulu like-squirrel: lōʻihi a lōʻihi paha, ke poʻo a me nā pepeiao ke like me ka lālani. ʻEhā nā wāwae ʻākau a he lōʻihi nā wāwae ʻākau, e like me ka kangaroo. Heʻuʻuku a mamao hoʻi ka hulu.
ʻAiʻai a me ka Kaʻi
Paʻi ʻo nā ʻōmaka i nā mea kanu, nā aila wai, nā lālā, nā lau, nā moss, nā lichens. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā holoholona mauna i ke ao, a he mau holoholona ʻumi i ka pō. Noho lākou i nā pōlio, noho i nā ʻohana ma mua o 30 mau kānaka. He nui nā lala o ka hale ma lalo. I kekahi manawa hiki i kā lākou wahi āpau ke noho ma kahi o 600 mika square. No kēia, ʻaʻole lākou i makemake e nā kamaʻāina kamaʻāina, no ka mea, luku lākou i ka hua me kā lākou hoʻokumu ʻōlelo ʻana.
Hoʻopakele nā wāwae Hind i ka pōʻino, ma muli o ko lākou wikiwiki e ulu a hiki i 40 km, a ʻo kahi huelo lōʻihi. Ua pā lākou iā lākou ma ka ʻāina me ka uwa nui.
Ke emi nei ka nui o nā holoholona i ka hala pinepine a ma muli o nā hewa o ke kanaka.
Pehea ke kiʻekiʻe o ke akamai o nā pōpoki?
I loko o ka lolo o nā pōpoki, helu nā kānaka ʻepekema i 250 miliona mau neurons. Ma kahi o kēia mau manawa ʻelua ka liʻiliʻi o nā ʻīlio, aia kahi 530 miliona mau neurons i loko o ka cortex cerebral. No laila, aia kahi palaka o nā ʻīlio e biologically predisposed i ka paʻakikī noʻonoʻo koʻikoʻi ma mua o nā pōpoki. Eia nō naʻe, he hypotesa wale nō kēia - ʻaʻole ka manaʻo ʻo ka nui o nā neurons e hoʻoponopono me ka naʻauao.
He paʻakikī ke aʻo ʻana o nā pōpoki.
Tuhi nui loa nā ʻili. He mea ʻoiaʻiʻo kēia. Akā maikaʻi kēia mau holoholona: hiki i ka pōpeka ke hoʻomaopopo maopopo i ka mea a ka mea nona ka mea e makemake ai mai ia ia, a hana hou i nā hana e hoʻonāukiuki wale iā ia.
Loaʻa i nā kālena kahi ʻike naʻau sensorimotor kiʻekiʻe. ʻOiai i ka ʻīlio a me nā kānaka, ua lanakila ke kanaka.
Maikaʻi pane 6
He aha kaaminophylline?
Eufillin (ka waiwai koʻikoʻi - Aminophylline) kahi mākohu bronchodilating (hoʻoheheʻe i ka bronchi). ʻO nā hopena koʻikoʻi o kēia lāʻau lapaʻau - hōʻoluʻolu ia i nā ʻōpū o ka bronchi, hoʻoikaika i ka hoʻohuihui o ka diaphragm, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana o nā ʻōpū a me ke kūwaho o ka naʻau, hoʻoulu ʻia i ke kikowaena o ka hanu, hoʻāliʻi i ka hana hanu, hoʻoliʻi i ka hoʻokaʻina o ke koko a hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi o ka carbon dioxide, me ka hoʻōla ʻana i ka hana o ka puʻuwai, hoʻonui i ka ikaika a me ka helu o ka hōʻiliʻili o ka naʻau. , hōʻemi i ka leo o nā kīʻaha koko, hoʻēmi i ke kaomi i loko o ka "ka liʻiliʻi" pōpilikia o ke koko, hoʻonui i ka kahe koko a me nā mea'ē aʻe.
E like me nā ʻōlelo aʻo, nā hōʻailona no ka lawe ʻana i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau: Bronchial obstructive syndrome of any genesis: bronchial asthma (ke ʻano ʻo ke koho ʻana i nā mea maʻi me ka hoʻonaninani kino a me nā ʻano hana ʻē aʻe i nā ʻano like ʻole), nā maʻi pulmonary obstructive maʻi, emphysema, bronchitis obstructive maʻi, hypertension pulmonary, " pulmonary "puʻuwai, pōpolo pō.
Kuhi ʻia kēia lāʻau lāʻau e kekahi kauka ma kahi hōʻike o loko e like me nā hōʻike ʻana.
Nā pane maikaʻi 2 6
Pehea kou manaʻo e pili ana i ka castration o nā holoholona?
ʻAʻole makemake ʻo Anonymus i ka manaʻo o ka hoʻolei ʻana o kahi holoholona. Aka, "ke kanaka ke ana o na mea a pau." Inā he mea maikaʻi ʻole kekahi kanaka, ke hoʻāʻo mākou e hōʻino. A ʻo ka wikiwiki, maʻalahi a maʻalahi hoʻi - ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi. Ua hoʻomaka anei kāu hoa aloha ʻōpio e hōʻike i kāna ʻano instincts i kona ʻano ma ka hana kūikawā? Akā ʻaʻole ʻoe i mākaukau no kēia a me ka mana ʻole ma mua o kēlā hoʻokolohua? ʻAe, e ʻoki wale i kāna mau pōpoki! ʻO kēia ka mea a lākou e hana ai me nā hoaaloha inā kū mai ka pilikia me lākou. E hele mai, ʻaʻole e nalowale kāu ʻōpio i kahi mea nui o kona kino ma muli o ka hakakā nui a i ʻole ʻōpio - hele mai. E kōkua ʻoe iā ia me kēia. ʻAʻole kēia he hewa, ʻoiaʻiʻo. He mea maikaʻi loa ka intentions. ʻAʻole ʻoe makemake e haʻalele i nā waiwai ʻoluʻolu a me nā mea pono o kēia mea hana no ʻoe, akā e hoʻoili pū me nā mea leʻaleʻa. Ke hoʻonui nui nei mākou i ka honua i ko mākou mau pono, no ka mea hiki iā mākou, ʻo mākou nō.
Ua hoʻāla ʻo ia i kāna mau pōpoki mai ka hānau ʻana, a i ʻole, ʻaʻole i uʻe i kona ulu ʻana. I ka manawa, weheweheʻo ia i ka mea a me kahi e pono ai. Ua ulu nui kahi cat-piha piha. Ua nānā ʻo ia a aloha aku iā ia, ʻaʻole naʻe he pilikia kekahi - ʻo ka hoʻomaopopo wale nō kekahi. Akā ʻaʻole ʻike ka poʻe āpau no kēia a me nā manawa - e maʻalahi ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka hoʻolālā ʻana o ka pōpoki ma ke kauka.
