Mau ʻāmaʻomaʻi | |||||
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ʻO nā kaulike semibalanus ma luna o ka pōhaku | |||||
Kahi ʻano ʻepekema | |||||
Aupuni: | Eumetazoi |
Moulou | Kahuna |
Kiʻi papa: | Mau ʻāmaʻomaʻi |
ʻO Balanomorpha Pilsbry, 1916
ʻO keʻano maʻamau
Hoʻopili nā mea ola olakino i kahi puʻukala kalokimaka a alakaʻi i kahi ola o ke kaʻa, e pili ana i ke alo o nā pali, nā pōhaku, nā mea kanu a me kekahi holoholona - arthropod, nā reptile moana (nāu) a me nā momi. Loaʻa nā laka i kekahi manawa i loko o ka wai wai, e hānai a me ka hele ʻana i ke kahua o ka ciriform larva, e noho ana i ka lolo.
Loaʻa ka hapa nui o nā ʻāpana ʻāina i nā wahi pāpaku o ke kai; Nā ʻōpū o ke kai, e ʻohi ana i lalo o nā moku, hiki ke hoʻēmi i ka wikiwiki.
ʻAuhea e noho ai nā lāʻau ʻona?
Hoʻopili ʻia kekahi nui o nā ʻalā a me nā mea pili i lalo o nā moku. E holo ana kahi moku hou i kekahi wikiwiki, akā me ka wā e hōholo ka wā. ʻO kahi hopena, ʻoi aku ka manawa e nui ai i ka wā o nā alanui mua. He aha ke kumu o kēia? Kahu ʻia ka lalo o ka moku me nā ʻano holoholona he nui, no laila e hana ʻia ai nā ʻāpana holoʻokoʻa. Ke alakaʻi nei kēia i ka hakakā me ka piʻiʻana o ka wai, a e hoʻemi ka hōʻailona wikiwiki. I waena o nā holoholona ʻano manu i hoʻopili ʻia me nā moku kai, ʻo ka hapa nui o lākou he mau halekele barnacle, ʻo ia hoʻi acorns.
ʻAʻole noho kēia mau mea lawena i nā moku, e hoʻopili ana i nā pali kahakai a me nā pōhaku, e pili pū ana i nā pūpū o nā palu, nā mollusks, nā iʻa, nā iʻa a me nā mea like ʻole e hāʻule i loko o ka wai. Hiki iā lākou ke noho ma ke whalebone a hiki i nā niho o nā kohola sperm. ʻO ka like o nā acorn kai e like me nā kīʻī keʻokeʻo liʻiliʻi e pili ana i nā petals. Hoʻokumu ʻia kekahi keri mai nā ʻēheu lehulehu. Kūlike kēia cone e like me ka niho. Hiki i kahi ʻākena kai ke wehe i nā lau a me ke kū aʻe ma o ka wehe o ka wāwae.
Noho ka crustacean ma lalo o kāna "acorn".
Ma ka lalo o ka hale, i kūkulu ʻia mai nā lau pepeke paʻa, aia kahi crustacean ponoʻī. Ma ka keokeo kai, ua kūleʻa ke poʻo i lalo o ke kino a laila e loaʻa nā antennas i waenakonu o ka "kū hoʻokahi". ʻO ka waha o crustacean i luna, a hoʻonui i ke kua o ke poʻo. Hoʻopili ke ʻona a ke kai i kona mau wāwae ma waena o nā mau palaki, e wehe iā lākou me kahi pānaʻi, a laila e kauʻi iā lākou. Mahalo i kēlā mau neʻe, hana ʻia kahi kahawai wai, e komo ana i loko o ka hale.
He ʻokoʻa like ka meaʻai o kēia mau crustaceans. ʻO kēia ke kumu o ka uhi ʻana o nā wāwae o ka ʻele i ke kai me nā umauma o nā ʻano like ʻole: ma ka kua ke ʻano nui lākou i mua o ka ihu, me ka hopena o nā wāwae i nā ʻāpana o nā ʻāpana like ʻole. Hoʻomaʻa ka ʻala a ke kai i nā huakini, algae a me nā mea ʻano planktonic like ʻole. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā meaʻai i hana ʻia e nā hoahānau pili kokoke - copepods. Eia kekahi, hānai nā kai anorns i kā lākou ponoʻī, akā ʻaʻole i ʻeli ʻia nā ʻōpio pākeke, akā hele i loko.
Nui nā ʻāpana "nā kolu" o nā ʻoni moana.
No ka mea ʻoi ka ʻona o ka moana i loko o kā lākou ola pākahi i loko o ka hale, ʻaʻole pono lākou i nā hanana sensory i hoʻolālā ʻia. Akā, ʻo kēia mau crustaceans, eia nō kekahi mau manaʻo, no ka laʻana, hiki iā lākou ke kōkua me ke ʻano kuahiwi ʻōiwi e hoʻokaʻawale i ka pouli i ka mālamalama. ʻAʻole pono nā crustaceans e hoʻoholo i ka manawa o ka lā, lawelawe ka peephole i kahi kumu holoʻokoʻa. Kōkua ka peephole i ka crustacean e hoʻoholo i ka hoʻololi koke ʻana i ka hoʻomālamalama, ʻo ia hoʻi, e hoʻomaopopo ʻo ka hāʻule ʻana o kahi pua i luna o ka puʻu, ʻo ia nō naʻe kekahi mea i kahi mea wānana. Ke loli wale ka hoʻomālamalama, huli koke ke ʻeke o ke kai i nā wāwae a hoʻopaʻa paʻa i nā ʻēheu o ka hale.
Inā ʻoe e hoʻomalū maʻa mau i kahi ʻōpū o ka moana, a laila i ka manawa e pau ka pane ʻana i kēia, no ka mea e hoʻomaopopo ʻo ia ʻaʻole mai ke kīpī. Hoʻopili ke ʻano o nā ʻano aniani i nā ʻano like ʻole. ʻAʻole makemake hou nā ʻano mea makaʻala ʻaʻole e hoʻoweliweli iā lākou, ʻoiai nā poʻe e hoʻomaka e nānā ʻole i ka wikiwiki. Hoʻomau mau kēia mau mea kanu i ko lākou hale i ke alo o ka hale e kū ana i ka mālamalama. Inā pae ʻole ka larva o ka moana i loko o ke kai, ʻo ka ʻōpala i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o kona ola lohi e hiki ke hoʻolōʻihi iki iā ia i ʻike ʻia ka puka e kū ana i ka mālamalama.
No ke kai ʻala, he mea nui wale nō ka wahi o ka hale i ka mālamalama. Ke hoʻāʻo nei lākou e hoʻopili iā lākou iho i kahi mea moana no ka alakaʻi ʻana o ka puka i kēia manawa, i kēia hihia, e lawe mai ka wai i ka nui o nā hapa meaʻai. Hōʻalulu kekahi mau mea kūʻokoʻa a hoʻōki ʻole i ka hana ʻana i nā neʻe me ko lākou mau wāwae, ʻaʻole lākou e kaomi i ka wai i loko o ka lua, akā e kau ai i ko lākou mau wāwae i mua o ke kahawai, e like me ka ʻupena, a noho ʻole ʻole.
Hoʻomaka ka lāʻau ʻona i ke kūkulu i kāna "hale" mai ke alo kiʻekiʻe.
ʻO ka hana hou o ka lāʻau kai
ʻO ka hapa nui o nā ʻano kamala o kēia ʻano mea he bisexual, akā ʻo ka palu pilikino i loko o kēia mau mea he luhi. Mālama ke ʻano o nā ʻoni a ke kai me ka haʻalele ʻole o ka hale. Hiki nō ke hoʻopuʻi ʻia ma waena o nā acorns kai ke hiki wale i nā crustaceans ma kahi ʻē aʻe. He ahulau polopi pōkole loa kēia mau crustaceans, no laila hiki i ka ʻākena i hiki iā lākou ke hōʻea i ka hale pili a hoʻolauna i ka sperm i loko. Inā noho ka ʻele a ke kai i ka mokupuni piha, hiki ke hoʻokipa ʻia kūʻokoʻa kūʻokoʻa. Aia nā hua i loko o kahi kokahi chitinous a loaʻa i loko o ka ana o ka hale.
ʻAi ʻo kai ʻeke i ka meaʻai holoholona.
Hoʻomaka ka ʻōpala i ke kai i ko lākou ola ma ke ʻano like me ko lākou mau hoahānau - nā maʻi maʻi ʻē aʻe. Ke hoʻokō aku nei kahi larva mai kahi hua manu, alakaʻi i ke ola maʻamau, molts mau manawa, a hoʻololi i ka larva me ka ʻōkuhi bivalve. Aia ka ʻohu i kahi kūlana ajar, a ʻike ʻia nā wāwae o ka ʻōpū me ia i ʻauʻau ai. Ke hoʻokūkū nei ka larva i ka lalo, hoʻomaka ia e ola mau, hoʻopili ʻana iā ia iho me ke kōkua o kona mau aniani pōkole i ka substrate. Kuhi ʻia ka ikaika o ka hoʻokē e ka neʻe ʻana o ka maka sima. A laila hoʻokani ka larva i ka lua a hoʻomaka e kūkulu i kahi hale paʻa a paʻa hoʻi iā ia iho.
Inā loaʻa ʻoe i kahi hala, e koho i kahi ʻāpana a me ka paʻi Ctrl + Kākau.
Nā huaʻai holoholona holoholona: nā peni nui loa
Eia 7 nā holoholona me ka nui o ka nui o ka penis i pili i ka nui o ke kino
Hiki i ke kohola uliuli ke haʻaheo i ka penis nui loa ma ka Honua. ʻO ka nui ka awelika o ka uapo kohola ʻulaʻula he 2.4 a 3 mau mika . ^ E Ha yM. He paʻakikī ka nui o ka helu kūpono, ʻoiai ka nui o ke koena i ka mokuʻāina i loko o ka kohola uliuli hiki ke ʻike ʻia i ke wā o ka ʻōpala.
Eia nō naʻe, e pili ana i ka nui o kona kino, he nui loa ka nui o ka hoʻololi maoli ʻana i ka nui o ka kohola puaʻa. ʻO ka hoʻohālikelike o ka lōʻihi o ka uha i ke kino ma ke kohola ʻulaʻula he 1:10, aʻo ka kāne ke kiʻekiʻe kūlike ka 1:12.
Ostracode Colimbosathon ecplecticos
He pēpē nui kēlā kanaka kuana liʻiliʻi nona ka inoa Helene hoʻi Colimbosathon ecplecticos Ua unuhi ʻia he "lawaiʻa kahaha me kahi nui nui." I ka ʻike ʻana o nā mea ʻike loea i nā hua aʻoaʻo o kēia mea i 2003, ua pīhoihoi lākou i kona ʻano kanaka.
ʻO ka palena o ka lōʻihi o ke uha i kona kino he 1: 5 . ^ E Ha yM. Ua unuhi ʻia i nā kānaka, a ʻo ke ʻano o ka pākēlē e like me ka nui o ke kūpoki e pili ana i 38 cm loa sperm lōʻihi - e pili ana i 1 cm , ʻoiai ʻo ka nui o ka mea hana maoli ʻaʻole iʻoi aku i ka 5 mm.
ʻO ka nui o ka peni o kahi elepani ʻApelika hiki aku i 2 mau mika . ^ E Ha yM. ʻO ka haʻalulu o ke uha i ka nui o ke kino o kēia mammal me ka hanohano nui he 1: 4 a i ʻole 45 cm paha i ke kanaka.
ʻO nā pihi kikowaena ʻOhnia ingens
Noho kēia mau squids i ka hohonu o 3000 mika, a ʻo ka nui o ko lākou penis hiki i ka lōʻihi o kona lōʻihi. ʻO ka hoʻohālikelike o ka lōʻihi o ka uha i nā pūʻulu o kona kino he 1: 1. A paʻa ka papa i kahi 38-centimeter squid nānā i kahi kūkulu uka penis a hiki i 67 cm .
ʻO ka popo banana a hōʻea i 25 cm ka lōʻihi, aʻo ka pālahalaha o ke penis i ke kino he 1: 1, ʻo ia hoʻi ʻO ka lōʻihi o kā lākou hanohano e like like me ke ʻano o kahi kanaka .
Eia kekahi, he hermaphrodites nā slugs banana. Loaʻa kēlā me kēia māka i ka ʻaoʻao o ke poʻo, kahi e hiki ai iā lākou ke lulu i kēlā me kēia a lilo ka wahine.
ʻOiai ʻaʻole nui ka ʻōpio i ka ʻōpiopio, aia kekahi mākaʻikaʻi o ka ʻohana ducks e pili ana kāna penis ma mua o nā vertebrate ma ka honua. Kaena aku nei ʻo Argentina Savka penis a pāpālua ʻelua ʻelua i ka lōʻihi o ke kino o nā manu . ^ E Ha yM. ʻO ka nui o ka manu ākea e pili ana i 20 cm, aʻo ka lōʻihi o ke kūkaʻi e hiki i ka 42.5 cm.
Pehea ka neʻe ʻana o kēia holoholona me kēia ʻano nui? ʻO nā mea pono o nā kāne male o Savka ua ʻike kūʻai . ^ E Ha yM. Eia kekahi, loaʻa i nā ʻōpū lōʻihi o ka wahine kūlohelohe e kūleʻa ana ma ke ʻano, e kōkua ana iā ia e pale aku i ka luku ʻana, ʻoiai nā kāne o ka makemake o ka ʻāliki.
Hiki i kēia mau mea palupalu ke hoʻololi i ka nui o kā lākou ʻōpiopio ma muli o ke kaiapuni. Loaʻa iā lākou nā peni nui e pili ana i ka nui o ko lākou kino, e hōʻea 40: 1 kuhikuhi . ^ E Ha yM. Ma ka hapa nui o ka manawa e kau ai lākou ma luna o ka pōhaku, ke ulu nei lākou i kahi penis lōʻihi e hoʻonui i nā manawa o ka hōʻiliʻili.
ʻO nā ʻalemena o ke kai he mau hoahānau pili o nā kūpeʻe a me nā crustacean ʻē aʻe.
Ke alakaʻi nei lākou i kahi nohona pili i ke ola, a me ke kōkua o nā ʻulana kūpeʻe manu, kānana i ka meaʻai mai ka wai.
Kāleka
Ma ka anawa, ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ka nui o ka crustacean ma mua o ʻekolu mau ʻāpana, aia ka kinipona o 4-6 mau pākela (e like me nā ʻano) ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka wā, uaʻano nui ʻia ka peʻe o ka noho ʻana o ka moana a me nā algae hina.
ʻOi aku ka nui o kēia mau mea i loko o ke kai, kahi i noho i loko o nā wai aniani a me kahi ākea.
Hāpai ʻia nā ʻōpiopio a mālama ʻia e nā ʻōpū ikaika. Ke holo nei nā ʻiʻo, e hūnā ka manamana lima ma ka ʻili, a kahe ka lua o ka pūpū.
Ma ka wai haʻahaʻa, paʻa ka pipi i ka pale ʻana i ka pōpoki. ʻO nā wāwae ka lōʻihi, nā wāwae kapani e hoʻomoʻi i ka wai me nā hua ʻai i loko o ka pahu. Ke kahe a kahe, hoʻoulu ʻia nā crustaceans i loko o ka wai, wehe lākou i kahi lua i ka lua a hoʻohele i nā wāwae.
Ke noho maʻamau
ʻO ka helehelena, ʻano like nā holoholona moana me nā mollusks, eia nō naʻe, me ke ʻano hoʻopunipuni, no lākou ka ʻōlelo "Crustacean". I loko o kona hale, kahi crustacean, e like me kahi kaʻe, loaʻa me kona ʻaoʻao dorsal i lalo.
ʻO ka keʻena thoracic mau crustaceans i ʻeono mau wāwae o nā wāwae bifurcated. Me ko lākou kōkua, e loaʻa ka holoholona. No ka hana iā ia, ma ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, neʻe lākou iā lākou mai loko o ka hale, hoʻopaʻa iā lākou e like me ka pā a me ke ʻano he ʻano kaulike lākou. I ka manawa o ka oliva, hoʻopili nā crustacean i nā lau ʻehā he nui, no laila e pale ʻia mai ka hoʻomaloʻo ʻana a nānā ʻia ka pale a i ka lā paha.
Kūpono o ka lau i loko o ke kai moana he ʻehā a i ʻole paha papa ʻaina poloka. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia nā mea kuʻi o ke keiki ʻōpiopio i ke kala māmā, eia naʻe, me ka wā o ko lākou makahiki, hoʻololi i ko lākou kala, lilo i hina-ʻulaʻula.
ʻO kēia ma muli o ka manaʻo i ka ulu ʻana o ka pūpiki me ka alika o ka mikroscopic. ʻO nā pali uali o nā pali he ola mua loa, akā ua noho ʻia lākou e nā acorns o ke kai. Aia nā pōhaku ma ka ʻāpana tidal, i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me lākou. Ma nā mokupuni he nui, ʻike ʻia ka noho ʻana o nā kai moana mai kahi kaila keʻokeʻo mamao.
Ka maʻi kaloli o ke kai acorn balianus 80 kcal
ʻO ka nui o ka ikehu o ka wai acorn balianus (ʻO ka hoʻohālike o nā protein, piha, kākena - bju):
ʻĀina paio (b | w | y): 0% | 1% | 0%
Pono ka poʻe makemake e ʻike i kēia mau holoholona kū i ke kahakai: nā pali kahakai, nā pali, nā mākeke manuahi e kālai ʻia me nā hale liʻiliʻi o lākou. ʻO nā ʻornslelo kai, a i kapa ʻia lākou, ʻo ka balianus, nona ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo o ka barnacle crayfish, ʻoiai ma ka helehelena ʻaʻole lākou e like me nā ʻano crustaceans i ʻike ʻia e mākou.
ʻO nā mea kanu ʻōmaʻomaʻo, kahi i hui pū ʻia me ke kai acorn, he mea kupaianaha nō hoʻi i nā ʻano like ʻole a like ʻole me ka palulu.
I ka pākeke, ke alakaʻi nei lākou i kahi ʻano lono uluʻae, e hoʻopili ana iā lākou iho i nā ʻano āpau ma lalo o nā mea i lalo o nā wai - nā pōhaku, nā pōhaku, nā piles, nā moku o lalo. Hoʻopili ʻia ke kino o ka hale kākele i loko o ka hale paʻa i kahi pāpaona kūmākahi e like me nā papa o kēlā. Ua hoʻopili ʻia kahi hapa o kēia mau papa, no laila, hiki i ka crustacean ke neʻe i nā papa me ka manawa a ka manawa, nā wāwae thoracic, e hana ana i nā kuʻi ʻano, i neʻe ʻia i loko o kahi āpau hopena. I ka manawa like, hoʻowalewale ʻia ka wai me ka planktonic mea i loko o ka hale. ʻO kēia ke ʻano o ka hoʻōla a me ka hanu.
ʻO ka hele ʻana o kahi pōpoki paʻakikī a me ke ola kino e hoʻomanawanui i nā kānaka ʻepekema e hoʻākāka i kēia mau holoholona me nā mollusks. Ma kahi wale nō i ʻike ai i ke pili o ka hale kūʻai, i like pū i ka like me nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe, ua ʻike ka poʻe ʻepekema i ka pili ʻana o kēia mau holoholona i ka papa o nā mea pili.
"Inā ʻoe e ola i kou ola, he nui ka ʻano o nā ʻano palupalu a kā mākou ʻaoʻao" - ua hoʻohana ʻo Mayakovsky i kēia metaphor, hoʻohālikelike i ke ola kanaka me ke ola o kahi moku. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ke noʻonoʻo nei ua haʻalele kahi moku i kūkulu ʻia i ke awa a hoʻomaka i ka holo. ʻIke ʻia kona wikiwiki, kūpono ia i ka papa hoʻonohonoho. Akā no kēlā me kēia lā ka iho ʻana o ka neʻe. Ke hoʻolōʻihi ʻia nei nā manawa a me nā wahie e hoʻonele i ke ala hoʻokahi. No ke aha kēia e hana nei? ʻIke ʻia ka lalo o nā moku e nā holoholona moana, i hana i nā ʻāpana ikaika, ma muli o ke kue ʻana i ka nui o ka wai, a me nā pā wikiwiki.
ʻO ke kumu o ka moku fouling e hana ʻia ana i ka ʻōpū o ke kamaliʻi - nā acorns kai.
ʻAʻole lākou e noho ma luna o nā moku wale. Ua kuʻi ʻia lākou me nā pali kahakai a me nā pōhaku, pili lākou i nā ʻili o nā mollusks, i nā pūpuna, nā noho ʻana ma ka ʻili o nā kohola, aia ma luna o ka uapo a me nā niho o nā pōpoki sperm, ma nā ʻaoʻao o ka iʻa a me nā mea ʻē aʻe i kū ʻia i ka wai. ʻIke like nā ʻōpū o ke kai me kahi kīʻaha keʻokeʻo liʻiliʻi, ke ʻano o ka "petals". I loko o ke kīʻaha, ʻike ʻia kahi cone o nā ʻēheu, ua ʻano like me ka niho. Hiki i ka ʻōiwi o kēia niho ke wehe, a pale nā wāwae crustacean ma ka lua o ka puka.
Ma lalo o kēlā hale, hoʻopaʻa paʻa loa me nā lau maloʻo loa, ke waiho nei ka crustacean ma kona kua. Huli ka mua o kona poʻo ma lalo o ke kino a laila e kū ana ka mua i nā “kū”. Ua hoʻonui ʻia ke kua o ke poʻo, no laila ke kū nei ka waha o ka lāʻau. ʻO ka crustacean, ke kuhi i nā wāwae i uhi ʻia me nā bristles lōʻihi mai ka hale, e pālahalaha iā lākou e like me ka pānaʻi, a laila e hoʻopili. Kūkulu kēia mau neʻe i kahi kahawai wai i kuhikuhi ʻia i loko o ka hale.
ʻAno ʻokoʻa nā meaʻai o nā ʻona kai no ka nui o nā wāwae i nā poli o nā ʻano like ʻole: ma nā wāwae mua e noho pinepine ana lākou, a ma nā wāwae ʻehā liʻiliʻi pinepine ko lākou. ʻO ka hopena, kānana nā wāwae i nā ʻāpana like ʻole o nā ʻokoʻa like ʻole. ʻAi nā ʻona a ke kai i nā algae, nā mea ola a me nā mea he nui i ka planktonic liʻiliʻi, ʻo kā lākou mau hoahele - copepod. Puhi lākou i ka hua pua nui o lākou, eia nō naʻe, ka ʻai ʻana o ka pākeke a nā mākua iā lākou i nā lau, ʻaʻole i hele i loko o kahi pilikia.
No ka lilo ʻana o ka crustacean i kona ola holoʻokoʻa i loko o ka hale, ʻaʻole ia e pono i nā hanana sensory kūpono, akā ke waiho nei kekahi mea iā lākou. Hiki i nā ʻāpana a ke kai ke hoʻokaʻawale i ka mālamalama mai ka pouli me ke kōkua o hoʻokahi maka. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole mālama ka nui o nā crustaceans i kēia lā a i ʻole pō, ʻaʻole mālama ʻia ka peephole no lākou no kēia mea. Me kāna kōkua, pane aku ka acorn i ka loli koke ʻana i ka hoʻomālamalama, i.e. ʻike lākou i kahi ʻōuli e hāʻule ana ma ko lākou pūhaka, akā hiki nō hoʻi i kahi mea kolohe. Hoʻopau wale, me ka wehe koke i nā wāwae a pani i nā ʻēheu o ka hale. Inā lōʻihi loa e nānā i ke kinona o ka ʻākona me ka mau pinepine, pau ka crustacean e pane i kēia hōʻeuʻeu, hoʻohana ʻia ia i ka pale ʻana ʻaʻole i hōʻike i ka pōʻino.I waena o nā acorns kai, aia kekahi mauʻano e ulu ana ka hoʻohui ma nā kikowaena like ʻole. ʻAʻole "manaʻoʻiʻo" nā crustaceans "lōʻihi" i kahi lōʻihi ʻaʻole lākou e hele aʻa, akā ʻo ka mea nui aʻe ka "wiwo ʻole" e hoʻohana koke i ka pane ʻana mai.
Ma ke kūlohelohe, ʻona ke ʻano o nā aniani i ko lākou mau hale i ka puka a hiki i ke kukui. I ka loaʻa ʻole o nā waiwai kālā ʻole o ka larva, hiki i ka crustacean ke hoʻomaka i kona ola sedentary e loli iki i ka hale i hāʻule koke ka kukui i ka puka makani. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole ia i palena i nā koi o nā ʻāpana moana i ke koho ʻana i ke kūlana o ka hale. Ke hoʻāʻo nei lākou e hoʻokau i ko lākou home a no laila ke kuhikuhi ʻia ka puka i nā wai. A laila e lawe i ka kahe mau o ka wai i nā mea nui o nā meaʻai. Hoʻokomo ʻia kekahi mau ʻele a me nā mea palupalu me ka ʻūhū ʻana i ko lākou mau wāwae e kahe i ka wai i loko o ka pūpū, a noho kū ʻole ʻia, e kau ana i nā wāwae palaki, e like me ka ʻupena, i ke kahe.
ʻO ka hapa nui o nā ʻano ʻenehana moana he mau bisexual organism, akā ʻaʻole maʻamau nā loina pilikino i loko o lākou. Hōʻalo ka mau kahu nona i ka home me ka ʻole o ka haʻalele i ka home, ʻoiai ke hana nei kekahi mea he kāne a ʻo kekahi ʻē aʻe e like me ka wahine. Hiki ke mare wale ʻia kēlā mau mare ʻana i nā kau wahi e pili kokoke ana nā hale acorn i kekahi. He lōʻihi loa nā kumulua o ka ʻenihini moana a hiki i ka hale kokoke mai e hoʻolei i ka sperm ma laila. Hiki ke noho wale nei nā Crustaceans e noho pilikino iā lākou iho. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā hua moa i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i kahi membrane chitinous maʻamau a mālama ʻia i loko o ka ana o ka hale.
I ke wā kamaliʻi, mālama ka ʻele a ke kai i nā mea e like me ko lākou mau hoahānau - nā maʻi maʻi ʻē aʻe. Kūpono mai kahi hua manu, ka larva i alakaʻi i kahi ola manuahi, molts mau manawa a hoʻohuli ʻia i loko o kahi larva me kahi ʻāpana bivalve. Hāʻawi mau ʻia ia, a pale aku nā wāwae crustacean mai ia mea, me ke kōkua o ia e ʻauʻau ai. Ma hope o kekahi manawa, hoʻonoho nā larva a noho i nā noho paʻa, e hoʻopili ana i ka substrate me nā antennas pōkole i mua. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka hilinaʻi o ka hoʻopili ʻia ʻana e ka mea huna o ka honu sima. Hoʻokuʻu ka larva i kāna ʻōpua bivalve kaʻawale a hoʻomaka e kūkulu i kahi hale paʻa paʻa a puni ʻo ia iā ia iho.
Kahi helu
I kēia manawa, ʻokoʻa ka ʻohana 12 i ʻāpana o ka hui, hui ʻia i ʻeono mau ʻohana superfamilies:
- Chionelasmatoidea Buckeridge, 1983
- Chionelasmatidae Buckeridge, 1983
- Pachylasmatoidea Utinomi, 1968
- Pachylasmatidae Utinomi, 1968
- Chthamaloidea Darwin, 1854
- Catophragmidae Utinomi, 1968
- Chthamalidae Darwin, 1854
- Coronuloidea Leach, 1817
- Chelonibiidae Pilsbry, 1916
- Coronulidae Leach, 1817
- Platylepadidae Newman et Ross, 1976
- Tetraclitoidea Gruvel, 1903
- Bathylasmatidae Newman et Ross, 1971
- Tetraclitidae gruvel, 1903
- Balanoidea Leach, 1817
- Archaeobalanidae Newman et Ross, 1976
- ʻO Balanidae Leach, 1817
- Pyrgomatidae Grey, 1825
Hoʻokele kikowaena ʻāpana - Thoracica
Hoʻololi ikaika ʻo Crustaceans ma muli o ke ʻano pili. Hūnā ʻia ke kino ma kahi hale o ka lime, e kau ʻia ana nā papa pākahi - nā papa. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā papa i ka papalili o ka ʻili "makonry" - kahi mau keokeo e ʻaʻahu ana i ke kino holoʻokoʻa o ka holoholona. Ua hoʻopili ʻia kekahi o nā papa me kekahi a paʻa i nā paia o ka hale (Fig. 66, A), nā ka pakanā hou aʻe me kona uhi a hiki ke pani a wehe i loko. me kahi kaū o waho, kū ana kahi crustacean ma lalo o ka hale, me kona ʻaoʻao dorsal i lalo, kona poʻo me nā ʻili waha, he ʻāpana he 6 mau ʻāpana, kēlā me kēia mea i pā i ka wāwae o nā bifurcated - crochets, he abdomin underdeveloped. ka huli ʻana i loko o kahi ʻāpana o ka pili: i nā kūleʻa kai (ke ʻano nui o Lepadomorpha) - i loko o kahi ulu ʻokiʻoki (Fig. 66, B), i kekahi mau manu (nā Balanomorpha a me Verrucomorpha superfamilies) - i loko o kahi pāhele ākea. , e noho ana i ka lua o nā wahine a i nā hermaphrodites ʻO kāna hana kikowaena kūwaho.
Noho lākou i nā kai a me nā kai āpau mai ka littoral a hiki i ka hohonu o 7000 m.
Nā ʻĀpana Kai Kai - Lepadidae
Duck sea - Lepas anatifera (L.) (Fig. 66, B). Kūpono me nā papa ʻelima 5 mau aniani, aia kahi ala lōʻihi. He lanala nā papa. Hoʻokumu ʻia ʻo Karina i kahi pākaha ma lalo. Huli ka scutum hema i ka niho umbilical ma loko (ʻo ka navel kahi o ka ulu ʻana o kēlā me kēia pā). I nā specimens pākeke, aia mau 2 (mau manawa 1) koho koho ʻia ma ke kino. ʻO ke lōʻihi lōʻihi a hiki i ka 5, ke kū a hiki i 60 cm, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi.
Aia ia ma nā wahi kahalaha, subtropical a me keʻoluʻolu o nā moana. Ke alakaʻi nei i kahi nohona pasive-pelagic. ʻO kekahi manawa i ka neʻe ʻana i nā mea a ma lalo o nā moku ua lawe ʻia mai i loko o ke kai o Iapana.
Ka ʻĀina o ke kai a ke kai - Balanidae
Triangular Sea Acorn - ʻO Balanon trigonus Darwin. The conical the house, usually flattened, ribbed, pale in pink or reddish-purple. ʻOi ka māmā o Radii, keʻokeʻo kekahi. He kuʻekuʻe ka scutum, ma waho me nā lālani 1-4 o nā lua hohonu, me kahi koloa artikular lōʻihi, kahi puʻupuʻu paʻa a hohonu loa, a me kahi pōkole pōkole o ka adductor (ka paʻa paʻa). He ʻoi aku ʻo Tergum ma mua o ka scutum, me kahi puʻupuʻu pōkole. Hoʻopili ʻia nā ʻaoʻao o nā ʻaoʻao ma nā kahawai lōʻihi me ka ʻole o kahi i kahaki, akā, ma nā kihi o nā ala hou e hoʻopiha piha. ʻO ka kiko o ke kumu o ka hale a hiki i 25 mm.
Hoʻonui nui ʻia i nā kai a me nā subtropical wai. I ka makahiki 1970, ua loaʻa ʻia ma ka ʻaihue ʻana o nā aloahi i ka hale pule. ʻO Peter ka Nui. Loaʻa i ka loaʻa pinepine ʻana o nā moku i hele i ke kai a me nā subtropical wai.
Moana ʻAmelika ʻAmelika - Balanus araphitrite amphitrite Darwin. Konoi ka hale, me nā pālahalaha palani-holeka laula, nā ʻāpana ʻāpana pū kekahi. He scutum me kahi kumu hoʻomohala maikaʻi i hoʻomohala ʻia e piʻi ana i ke waenakonu o ka palena tergal. ʻO Tergum me kahi ākea ākea a me kahi aniani lalo. ʻO ka kiko o ke kumu o ka hale a hiki i 16, ke kiʻekiʻe a hiki i 9 mm.
Hoʻonui nui ʻia i nā kai a me nā subtropical wai. Noho ia ma ka sublittoral. I loko o ka hale. Ua hoʻopuni ʻia ʻo Peter ka Nui ma nā ʻāpana moku a me nā kūkulu hydraulic.
Ivory moana lāʻau - Hoʻomoʻo eburneus Gould. Ka melemele ka hale i ka waihoʻoluʻu, conical, i kekahi manawa me nā paia convex, i nā pā kuapo makua me nā pā manamana. ʻO ka laulā ʻo Radii me nā pīkī ʻoki loa. Hoʻopili ʻia nā papa a me ke kumu o ka lime o ka hale e nā kahawai me nā māka i hoʻohuli. ʻO Scutum i waho me nā laina ulu a pau a me nā stialation radial striation. ʻO Tergum me kahi kaila haʻahaʻa loa i lalo o ka pahu kalaki a me kahi spur ākea. ʻO ka ʻāpana a me ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hale ka 30 mm. Hoʻalahalaha nui ʻia ma ka lalo o nā moku i nā ʻaluna, subtropical a me nā wai wai ʻole. I loko o ka hale. Ua ʻike mua ʻia ʻo Peter ka Nui ma 1969. ʻO thermophilic ka nui, kahi wai koʻikoʻi.
Kahi ʻaina moana ʻole - Balanus improvisus Darwin. He keʻokeʻo, conical a i ʻole hemispherical-conical ka hale, me nā pā polū ma ka convex, ma nā wahi kaiāulu, cylindrical. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ʻo Radii, me nā kihi pihi ākea. Nui nā ʻēheu. Hoʻopili ʻia nā papa a me ke kumu o ka lime o ka hale e nā kanalona me nā māhele. Kahi kahi scutum i waho me nā laina ulu maikaʻi i hoʻokumu ʻia, akā me ka striation radial, i loko me kahi kumu kālai lāʻau i kūkulu ʻia i kahi lōʻihi a me ka lōʻihi. ʻO ka ʻaoʻao lalo o ka tergum he kūpono a kokoke paha, he kikoʻiliʻili ka spur. O ka kiko a ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hale a hiki i 23 mm.
I nā makahiki i hala aku nei, ua laulaha nā lalo o nā moku a puni ka honua. I nā mokupuni ʻo Iapana i loaʻa i ka makahiki 1962, i loko o ka waihona. ʻO Peter ka Nui - i ka makahiki 1969. Aia i loko o ka sublittoral. Ke ʻano nui ka nui o nā ʻano nā wai, ʻoiai hiki iā ia ke noho ma ka melemele mai 2 a 60%, e hoʻomanawanui maikaʻi i ka haumia.
Beak-i-aʻa Bay - Ke kākūkaha Balanus rostratus Hoek. He māmā ka hale, hina, hina, me ke ʻano o kekahi manawa. Hoʻopili nā papa lāʻau Carino-lateral. ʻO ke kumu he kūleʻa, mānoanoa, radios strished. ʻO kahi scutum me kahi puʻupuʻu haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, kahi puʻu artikular liʻiliʻi, kahi adductor crest a me ka hohonu hohonu o ka mus-depressor. Tergum me kahi coracoid, kīnā ʻole makemake ʻole. I waho me nā mea e ʻike kūleʻe ʻia a nāwaliwali kahi radial striation. He pōkole ka spur i ke kumu a pihi i ka hopena, lalo i lalo kona lihi. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā ʻaoʻao ʻaoʻao o ka hale i loko. ʻO nā pahu i loko o nā papa me nā māhele kihi, kahi liʻiliʻi ma nā ʻaoʻao o luna o nā papa. ʻO ka laulā hale a hiki i 85, kiʻekiʻe a 60 mm.
Hoʻomaopopo ʻia ma ka moana ʻāpana a me Iapana, ma ke kahakai hikina o ka mokupuni ʻo Iāpana, ma ke kai o Okhotk, ka Bering Sea a me ke kahakai ʻo ʻAmelika Hema e hema a me British Columbia. Noho nā poʻe i loko o ka sublittoral, i kekahi manawa i loaʻa i ka hoʻonāukiuki ʻana o nā moku a me nā hana hydraulic.
Scornoped Acorn - Balanus crenatus Bruguiere. Ke keʻokeʻo a hina paha ka hale, kūleʻa a i ʻole nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe, me kahi kaʻe i ulihi ʻia. He laulā nā Radii, he laulā nā ʻēheu. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā papa i loko, ma nā kahawai o loko o nā papa me nā pale i hoʻololi. He scutum me kahi kumu wiwo ʻole protruding koʻikoʻi, aia kahi adductor imprint i kēia manawa, akāʻaʻohe mea hoʻohui adductor. ʻO Tergum me kahi puʻupuʻu pōkole pōkole. O ka kiko o ke kumu o ka hale a hiki i 40 mm. Me ka lehulehu ikaika, loaʻa i nā hale kahi ʻano tubular elongated i ke kiʻekiʻe.
E hoʻomāhele ʻia ma ka ʻākau o ka Kaiʻāina ʻo Atlantika, i nā kai āpau o nā kahakai ʻo ka ʻAlika, ʻo ka Bering, Okhotk a me Japan Seas. Aia ma ke kahakai Pākīpika o ʻAmelika ʻAmelika e hele mai ai i Kapalakiko. Noho ia ma ka sublittoral. ʻO ka maʻamau ma ka hoʻoili ʻana. I loko o ka hale. ʻO Peter ka Nui ma mua o ka ʻaoʻao o ka wai a hohonu hohonu.
ʻAno Ribac kai - Balanus cariosus (Pallas). Kahu ke keʻokeʻo ka hale, pinepine conical, i loko o nā hale kaiāulu i hiki ke cylindrical a me ka lilac-ʻano. Ma waho o ia e uhi ʻia me nā lālani o nā mānoʻakaʻu e like me ka hale i kā ʻia. He mānoanoa nā papa o ka hale, ke kumu pāpaʻi ʻia, i hoʻonohonoho ʻia i kekahi mau lālani o nā kahalaha me nā māhele ʻē aʻe. I kekahi manawa ua hoʻopiha hou i nā kahawai. Hoʻopili ʻia nā uhi o ka uhi i loko o ka hale. Kahi ʻia ka scutum me kahi puʻu liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, ʻo ka adductor crest "maʻamau ke hoʻomohala maikaʻi ʻia, ka hohonu a pālahalaha ke ʻano o ka ʻāʻī ʻana. He kuʻekuʻe ka pīhoihoi, me ka puʻu lōʻihi a hiki i ka hopena, maʻamau ma kahi kikoʻī poʻohiwi kīwī pulu o ka ʻulaʻula (ma muli o ke kuhi. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kumu o ka hale a hiki i 50, ke kiʻekiʻe o nā cylindrical form a he 100 mm.
Hoʻomaopopo ʻia ma ka ʻāpana ʻākau o ka Pakipika mai ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o ka Pepa kūleʻa Korea a hiki i ke Kai Bering a hiki i kahakai ʻAmelika hema a hiki i Oregon. Noho ia ma ka littoral. I loko o ka hale. Noho ʻo Peter ka Nui ma lalo o ka uhi ʻana o nā alapiʻi, i loko o ka pawai ma ka ʻaoʻao o nā pali e kū pono ana i kahakai.
ʻĀmaʻomaʻi maʻamau - ʻO nā pale kaulike (L.). He keʻokeʻo ka hale i ka waihoʻoluʻu, conical, tubular a i ʻole lili, e kūleʻa a ʻili paha. Hoʻopaʻa ʻo Radii. Kahi ʻia ke kumu. ʻO nā ʻāpana nā puʻu uʻi e kīlei, e hoʻopiha piha. "He scutum me kahi kumu hoʻomohala holomua o ka puʻupuʻu e lōʻihi ana i ka waena o ka palena o ke kaila, ʻike ʻia nā māka o ka ʻōpala o ka adductor a me ka mea hopohopo, a me ka lapalapa pōkole me kahi puʻupuʻu nui, me kahi puʻupuʻu ikaika articulated crest, ʻike ʻia nā ʻala i nā kiko o ka depressor. a hiki i 22 mm.
E māhele ʻia ma ka ʻAmelika ʻAmelika, ʻAkana, Keʻokeʻo a me nā kai a pau o East Eastern. Nā momo littoral, i kekahi manawa e hoʻokomo ana i ka sublittoral. I loko o ka hale. Loaʻa ka ʻike nui ʻo Peter Nui ma nā wahi o nā moku.
Giant sea acorn - Palena evermanni Pilsbry. He nui loa ka hale. Ua hoʻopili ʻia nā papa pākuʻi, mānoʻi, pohā (ʻoi aku ai ka carino-lateral), ikaika loa i ka pili ʻana. He pālahalaha nā puka, ʻiliʻili ka radii. Mālama pinepine ka lua, hohonu, jagged. Tergum me kahi pihi curved ākea a me kahi pua liʻiliʻi. ʻO ke kumu o ka hale ka calcareous no nā pākeke, a no nā ʻōpio - pūnaewele a i ʻole ʻiliʻī, akā he mea lahilahi loa. O ka kiko o ke kumu o ka lalo o ka hale a hiki i 100, kiʻekiʻe a 200 mm.
Hoʻomaopopo ʻia ma ka Bering, Okhotsk a me nā ʻāpana komohana ʻākau o ke Kai o Iapana ma kahi hohonu o 50 a 500 m m, he nui i nā wahi me ka haʻalulu haʻahaʻa ikaika. Hoʻolālā pinepine ʻia nā hoʻonani nui. I loko o ka hale. ʻAʻole i ʻike ʻia ʻo Peter ka Nui.
ʻO nā pūlima uaua ʻoi ʻia i ka pūpū hoʻohui a me ka mea hōʻeha e hiki ai i nā ʻenekini a me nā mea kākau moʻolelo no nā noiʻi ʻepekema kūikawā. Hiki ke ʻai ʻia ka ʻai.
Htamalida Family - Chthamalidae
Htamalius Dolla - Chthamalus dalli Pilsbry He haʻahaʻa ka hale, conical, i kekahi manawa cylindrical, hoʻopili, hina a hina paha. E like me nā lālā'ē aʻe o ka genus Chthamalus, rostrum me nā ʻēheu. Nā ʻaoʻao ʻaoʻao 6 (e like me nā pale uku). Kahi ʻia ka waihona o ka hale. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka scutum, me ka hoʻomohala pū ʻia ʻana o ka adductor crests, me nā mea hōʻuluʻulu ʻia ma ka maka o ka mea hōʻeha. ʻO ka laulum he ākea, me ka puʻupuʻu pōkole loa, i aneane hiki ʻole ke kiʻi ʻia, me kahi ākea nui o ka puʻupuʻu. O ka kiko o ke kumu o ka hale a hiki i 9.5, ke kiʻekiʻe a 7 mm.
Ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia mai ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o ke Kai Kūʻai a hiki i ke Kai Bering a mai ke kapakai ʻAmelika mai Unalashka a i ka mokuʻāina ʻo Washington. Noho ia ma luna o nā pōhaku i ka mauna kiʻekiʻe o ka littoral.
I ka hui ʻana o kekahi o nā uka Crimean kū i kahi keʻena decommissioned kahiko. Nui, paa, ʻeleʻele. Ua kū au no ka lōʻihi. A laila ala koke, no ke kumu ʻole, ʻaʻohe kumu, ʻo kēia "penikala" kau ʻia a pilau loa. Ua manaʻo lākou ua hāʻawi mai i kahi leaka, a no laila "hoʻōho" i ka hohonu o ke kai. Ka mea i hoʻopiha ʻia me ka hoʻopiʻi ʻia me nā ʻano like ʻole i hoʻopiʻi ʻia, mollusks, crustaceans, a me lākou - ke barnacle crustacean, sea acorn a balyanus. No laila neʻe nui ka poʻe o lākou i ka lalo a ua ʻoi aku ka nui o nā mea momona.
ʻO ke kūlike, nā ʻeleʻele moana (photo clubs.ya.ru)
Hoʻomaka ka poʻe e hakakā i kēia mau aelike keu hoʻomāukiuki no nā manawa lōʻihi a ma nā ʻano like ʻole. Hoʻoholo lākou i ka moku ma ka pahu a kau i nā mea holo ʻole i ʻike ʻole ʻia me nā mea ʻatikala, peʻa i nā ʻāpana o lalo o nā moku me nā ʻano ʻāpana like ʻole e hoʻohāʻule. Ua hoʻāʻo lākou e hoʻohana i ka ultrasound no kēia, akā, ʻo ke ala kahiko loa ka pana ʻana i kahi moku mai loko o ke kai i ka wai hou, kahi make kēia mau mea aloha wai paʻakai.
Pono ka pānaʻi iā lākou, me ka hoʻohemo ʻana o nā moku, hoʻokō, hoʻopau i nā wahiʻoi aku o ka wahie, mālama lākou i ka hoʻokele maikaʻi ʻole, a ke kūleʻa nei ka moku kila. Hōʻike ia i nā crustaceans a me nā mollusks ma nā moku nui e ulu ana i mau haneli haneli, a ua lōʻihi nā mākaʻikaʻi ma nā moku kahawai e holo wikiwiki ana ma mua o ka hāʻule, i ka wā e hoʻonui ai ka nui o kēia mau mea pili. ʻAʻole lākou makemake i ka balianus a me nā lawaiʻa. Ua nui nā ʻupena lawaiʻa me nā hehi, a hoʻomaʻemaʻe iā lākou he mea paʻakikī loa ia, a no laila hana pinepine lākou i kēia: hohola i nā ʻupena ma ke kahakai a lele i kahi kaʻa a hoʻi mai i waena o mākou e kāʻili nei i ka laka. Ma ka laulā, lele nā mākaʻikaʻi i loko o nā mokuʻāina i ke kumu kūʻai kūpono. Ma ʻAmelika, ʻoi aku ka uku o kēia mau kālā i $ 100 miliona i kēlā me kēia makahiki.
Ka nui o ka haki i ka poʻe e noho ana i ke kai: nā kohola, nā pōpoki, nā mākeke, nā puʻu, nā pūʻai. Inā e hoʻomoe lohi ana kēia mau pahu, a pālahalaha aʻe hoʻi, akā ʻo ke ʻano ʻelua. 10-15 nā lā ma hope o ka hoka ʻana i nā hua, a hiki i ka nui o nā pākeke, a ma ke ʻano he ʻekolu mahina ua mākaukau lākou no ka moekolohe.
Weliweli wale nā pūkuna o ke kaulahao ke hele wale lākou i kahi kūlana larval. ʻAʻole i loaʻa nā hale pāloʻi i nā pā hale i hoʻopaʻa ʻia no ka hapanui o nā mea wili. Inā lākou i kahi pōʻino, alani koke lākou i nā cunts liʻiliʻi i loko, e huki paʻa i nā kī o nā pani-puka a i kēia ʻano hana ʻole. Hana lākou i ka mea i ka manawa eʻae nā nebbs. Ke kali nei i ka ʻōpala e puʻukū i ko lākou mau home. Nui ka wai a me ka oxygen i waiho ʻia i loko ona e kali no ka u ʻana i ke olakino piha. I kēia ʻāina, hiki iā lākou ke ola no nā lā he nui. He mea kupaianaha nō ia ma kahakai, i ka manawa e hoʻomaka ai ke kai, ua lohe ʻia kahi ʻakaʻaka o ka balyanus - he lulu hana ʻole. Kōwīlī ʻia kēlā mau puka i ko lākou mau "hale", e like me kahi mea kūʻai hale e pani ana i nā pani ma ka pō.
ʻAʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻohi i ka balyanus mai nā pōhaku a me nā lua, a ʻaʻole ʻoe e komo i loko, i ko lākou kino liʻiliʻi. Inā ʻaʻole i nā gnawson ka puʻu a i ʻole zubarik me kona mau puʻupuʻu, ʻoi aku ka ʻili i mua o ka niho. No laila, kahi nui ka halepapa, he 5-7 cm kiʻekiʻe, ke kanaka hōʻiliʻili iā lākou no ka meaʻai hiki ke helu ʻia i waena o nā ʻenemi o kēia mau crustaceans. Ma Chile, ma ka hoʻohālike.Ke kūleʻa nei kēia mau Chileana. ʻO lākou, e like me ka palapala a Julian Semyonov, "ʻai i nā ʻōpala ma mua o ka palaoa, nā ʻiʻo ma kahi o ka ʻai, ʻo ka caviar ma mua o ke kao, a ʻo ka chicha ma mua o ka wai" - nā ʻula ʻoma māmā. ʻOluʻolu loa kā mākou neoneo o kā Balianus kai, akā heʻuʻuku loa, ma ke kiʻekiʻe ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ma mua o 1 cm.
Aia nā ʻano like o ke kaulahao mai 2 a 7. ʻO ka palupalu o hoʻokahi wahine he 10-13 tausani huaole. He nui ʻia paha ia, akā ʻoliʻoli nā balyanus ʻōpiopio i ka ʻōpala, ke kō a me nā iʻa ʻōpio, nā anemones moana, nā anela a me nā ʻoni ʻoni. Ua manaʻo ka ʻepekema ʻepekema o H. Moore he 150 mai 13,000 mau kime e hiki i ka hope hope loa o ka hoʻomohala ʻana. Mai 150, 26 mauʻu i ka lalo, a he 15 wale nō ke ola o ka hoʻokahi mau makahiki a ʻelua mau makahiki o ka makahiki. I nā huaʻōlelo, ʻo ka helu ola ma 0.1% a ʻaʻole liʻiliʻi loa kēia, e noʻonoʻo ana i kēlā me kēia 15 hiki ke waiho i nā hua he 13,000 i hoʻokahi mahina. Ma nā iʻa, ka ʻumi o ke ola ʻana he ʻumi mau haʻahaʻa - mau haneli he haneli.
ʻĀnō e pili ana i ka biology o kēia mau crustaceans. ʻO ka balyanus larva, i ka manawa i hele mai ai ka manawa o ka hala, e hoʻopili ʻia me kona poʻo i ke poʻo i nā pōhaku, nā pōhaku, algae, nā pahu moku a i ʻole nā ʻupena. Hoʻopili nui ia. No kēia, aia nā larva cima i nā kelima kūikawā, a ʻo ka nui o ka cement i hana ʻia e lākou. Ua hoʻolilo ʻia ka poʻo o ka paʻu i kahi kumu, i ka ʻolua, a moe ka balyanus ma kona kua, e like me, me 6 mau wāwae pectoral i uhi ʻia me ka bristles whisker. Ua kapa ʻia kēia mau wāwae i loko o ke kala "cirrus liʻiliʻi".
Kahi ʻia ke kino o ka balyanus aʻelima e kahi pūlea e hoʻokuʻu ai i nā mea kūhai, kahi mai ke kūkulu ʻana i ka crustacean i kona ʻano "hale" keʻokeʻo. Pāʻani like kēia mau pā. ʻO ka "puka" o ka hale, e like me ka uhi ma luna, he 4 mau papa e hiki ke neʻe a neʻe ʻia. I ka "puka" slot protrude "barbarian". Hana lākou i nā holo i hoʻomanaʻo nui i nā neʻe o ka lima o ke kanaka ke kāhea mākou i kekahi iā mākou iho. Me kēia mau hana hoʻopunipuni, kahe ʻana o ka wai i ka wai kai i loko o ka hale, kahi i lawe ʻia ai ka oxygen mai loko mai a me nā mea a pau e kūpono ai no ka hānai ʻana i ka balyanus: nā maʻi, nā huaʻai, nā algae unicellular, a me lākou pū kekahi, me kā lākou nāhelehele a me nā poʻe ʻē aʻe. ʻAʻole ʻoe i ʻike iā ʻoe iho, ʻaʻole ʻoe e kuhi iā ia.
He mea kupaianaha nō ia, ʻo ka hoʻoku ʻana i nā wahi ʻē aʻe i ka kolone. Hana kēia i ka wai o ka wai ikaika, lawe mai i ka meaʻai i nā mea a pau a keu loa. Ka mea, maʻalahi maʻalahi ka mea a pau e hānai, a pili kokoke nā hoa pili. No laila, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā hua ʻōlelo e noho ai i waena o nā mākua, a i ʻole ke "ʻike ʻana i kā lākou ʻike", hoʻokuʻu nā pākeke i nā mea momona i loko o ka wai, a ʻo "nā keiki", e hoʻohana ana i ke "ala ʻae", noho i waena o nā pākeke i ko lākou koloni.
I kēia manawa, e pili ana i nā pōmaikaʻi o nā pono o ke kai, a ma ka manawa like a mākou mai ke ola ʻana o ka balyanusy. ʻO nā crustaceans a pau, nā copepods a me nā copepods, nā mea hoʻokomo kīkaha ikaika. Ke hele nei i kahi kai ma waena o ko lākou mau hale a me nā kino, hoʻomaʻemaʻe lākou iā ia mai nā mea hoʻomohala a me nā mea nui lehulehu nā mea pōʻino. Hoʻākāka ka wai, loaʻa i ke kūlana o ka wai kai me ke ʻano o nā mea pono mua mua o ka waiwai.
Eia kekahi, nā ʻawaʻawa a me nā ʻīlio kai e hele a waha wale i nā ʻēheu pono ʻole o ka balianus. Ua ʻōlelo pū ʻia nō hoʻi ke koho ʻia ʻana o nā crustaceans i ʻaʻa ʻia nō lākou, a he mea maikaʻi loa ko lāua kekahi mau filtrator i ka manawa like. No ia mea, ke huli nei "ʻaʻohe kālā lining." Ka maikaʻi o ko lākou ʻaʻa ʻana, a he maikaʻi ʻokoʻa nā mīkini kānalua ʻelua. No laila ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻoponopono pono i ka waiwai kūleʻa e pili ana i nā pōmaikaʻi a me nā pōʻino paha o kekahi mea noho i ke kai. Aia i kēlā me ke kai i loko o kona wahi a hana hoʻokahi a no nā hana i koho ʻia nona. Ua ʻōlelo ʻo emepera Roma ʻo Marcus Aurelius penei: "ʻAʻole maopopo anei ʻoe i ka lāʻau, a me ka puaa, a me ka popo, nā spider a me ka piʻu e hoʻokō i kā lākou kumu a me ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka hapa maikaʻi o kā lākou ao honua." No laila hāʻawi ʻo balianus i ka ʻōlelo ʻana i ke kai, a no laila, i ka honua holoʻokoʻa, ʻoiai ke kai ka mea nui i ka ʻano kūʻokoʻa i ke ʻano he nui holoʻokoʻa.
ʻO Balianus i ka Hōʻele ʻEleʻele 5. ʻO “ʻelua” nā haole. I ka makahiki 19, ua hiki lākou i loko o ko mākou kai, pono e noʻonoʻo kekahi, ma ka lalo o nā moku o nā ʻāina ʻē. ʻEkolu mau ʻano o ko lākou ʻāina, ka home ʻeleʻele, ke Kaiʻula.
Mea ʻai
Ke alakaʻi nei nā mākua i kahi nohona pili, no laila ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke ʻimi ikaika i ka meaʻai. I loko o nā manaʻo he nui, ua hilinaʻi ko kā lākou papaʻai i ka mea e lawe lākou i ka wai i ka wai. I ka manawa e uhi ai ka wai i nā ʻukala me ko lākou mau poʻo, ka hoʻāʻo nā crustaceans e wehe i nā ʻōpū o ka ʻaluhi a ʻō aku i ko lākou mau manamana.
E hoʻāʻo lākou e hoʻolalelale iā lākou i loko o ka wai, me ka pohō ʻana i ka wai i loko o ka ana o ka hale, a ʻai i nā nika manuʻai e komo ana i ko lākou kino me ka wai.
ʻO nā wāwae i hoʻololi ʻia e 40 mau minuke i kēlā me kēia minuke, e kahe ana i ka wai i loko o nā palia i hoʻokuʻu ʻia i loko o ka ana o ka hale. Hiki iā lākou ke ʻai wale ke holoi ʻia e ka wai kai. No laila, ʻoi aku ka mea i noho mamao aku ma kahakai, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o ko lākou mau hoa, e makemake ana i ka pae ʻāpana, kahi lākou e noho ai ma ka papa no kekahi manawa.
ʻO ke aʻa o ke kai, holoi mau ʻia e ka wai, ulu wikiwiki, akā ʻaʻole lākou e ola lōʻihi.
Ke kūlana palekana
He ʻoluʻolu loa ka ʻono o ke kai i ka hoʻohaumia o nā kai o ke kai. Kohi nā metala koʻikoʻi i kona kino, ʻo ia hoʻi: alakaʻi, no laila ko lākou hele ʻana a i ʻole i waho o kēia wahi kahi huaʻōlelo kūpono o ka hoʻopuni kūlohelohe.
- Ke noho nei kēia mau holoholona moana i kekahi ʻano paʻakikī, no laila ke ʻike pinepine ʻia lākou ma nā moku kai, ʻālepuna o nā lawaiʻa moana, nā ʻuʻi o nā mollusks, nā kua o nā alapiʻi a me nā wēlani, ophiuras a me nā kohola.
- ʻO ka hapa nui o kēia mau mea lewa i pio i nā pū. Hoʻopilikia ʻia hoʻi nā mea hoʻomalaha pū ma nā wīwī.
- Noho ka ʻornslelo a ke kai i nā kolone nui, ma ka palena ʻāpana hoʻokahi o ka hohonu o ka pōhaku, hiki ke loaʻa iā ʻoe he iwakāluakūmālima mau tausani o kēia mau kamakū barnacle.
- Kuhi ʻia ka ʻano o ko lākou mau hale i ka pae o ka palena o ko lākou noho ʻana a me kekahi mau mea ʻē aʻe.
ʻO ka ʻono kai ke pili i ka crustacean barnacle. Kūpono kēia mau mea ola i nā ʻano like ʻole, no ka mea ʻaʻole lākou e like me ka crayfish.
Ke alakaʻi nei nā poʻe uʻi i kahi ola luhi, e hoʻopili iā lākou iho i kekahi mau ʻano mea i lalo o ka wai - nā pōhaku, nā pōhaku a me nā lalo o nā moku.
Mālama ʻia ke kino o ke kahe kai ma loko o ka hale lime paʻa, ka mea nona nā papa āpau. Hoʻokaʻa pili ʻia kekahi ʻaoʻao o nā papa i kekahi i kekahi, no laila hiki i ka ʻona a ke kai ke hoʻokaʻawale iā lākou, a kuʻi i nā wāwae thoracic i loko o ka ʻāpana i hana ʻia, e hana ana i nā ʻano o nā ʻano. I kēia manawa, me ka wai, a me nā mea planktonic, komo i ka hale. No laila ua hoʻomaha ka ʻoni a ke kai a hoʻouka.
No ka mea, he ʻāʻī ka paʻu a ke alakaʻi i ke ʻano o ka noho ʻana, a ua ʻike ka poʻe ʻepekema i nā mollusks.
Aia wale nō ka loaʻa ʻana o nā hua lāʻau o nā acorn e like me nā crustacean, ʻike ka poʻe ʻepekema i nā ʻōpala o ke kai i loko o ka papa o nā crustaceans.