ʻO kahi holoholona he mea hoʻowahāwahā i ka ʻohana squirrel, kahi detentment rodent, e alakaʻi ana i kahi ala ola o ke ola. Aia i kahi o 40 mau ʻano o kēia holoholona a puni ka honua. Noho ʻia nā ʻōiwi kūloko o Lūkia e 10 mau ʻano lāʻau o ka papa ʻāina, kekahi o nā papa i kākau ʻia ma ka Red Red Book, a ʻo kekahi (ʻoi aku nei, ʻo Gopher liʻiliʻi), ke kolo ʻia, ua luku ʻia.

ʻOiai ke kūpaʻa ʻole ʻana a me ka nui o ka liʻiliʻi, hiki i nā mea hōʻeha ke pōpilikia maoli no ka mahiʻai: hoʻokipa kokoke i ka mahina ʻai, ʻai nui nā holoholona i nā hua a me nā mea kanu, e like me nā shrews, hōʻole i ka ʻōnaehana o nā mea kanu a nā makahiki, a lawe pū nō hoʻi i nā maʻi pōʻino.

Nā Gophers: ʻano ʻano

ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino o ka gopher kanaka makua he 20-25 cm (ʻoi aku paha i nā rodents he nui o 40 cm), ke kaumaha - mai 200 a 1500 kāpela. Eia kekahi, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā kāne ma mua o nā wahine.

Kūpaʻa ʻia ke kala o ka huluhulu a hiki ke ʻano ʻē: mai ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo-beige, a ʻulaʻula me nā wahiʻeleʻele a i ʻole nā ​​ʻāpana kukui. I ke kauwela, paakiki a pōkole ka huluhulu o ka hulu o ka holoholona, ​​ma o ka hoʻoilo ke lilo ia a maloʻo.

ʻO ka poʻo o ka gopher he mau elongated, "streamline" i kona helehelena. Nā liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, ʻaʻole maopopo, nā pepeiao pepeiao i paʻa i ke poʻo. ʻO nā maka o ka poʻe gopher, ua liʻiliʻi ia, akā ua hoʻopuka nā lacrimal gima, e kōkua ana i ka hoʻopalulu ʻana i nā maka mai nā ʻōpū o ka puʻu a me ka lepo i hōʻiliʻili ʻia i ka wā o ka eli ʻana.

Hoʻokumu ʻia nā pou pipi pipi nui e halihali i nā lako meaʻai i loko o nā lua.

He haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa nā gophers: i ke kikowaena a alakaʻi ʻia lākou e ka huelo. ʻO ka lōʻihi, i kekahi manawa ma ka lōʻihi o ke kino o kahi rodent, mālama nui ka ʻili. Hoʻopapa ka poʻe gopher i nā paia o kona mau kahelehe i lalo, e neʻe ana i hope. ʻO ka hana nui like o ka huina o ka wailua o ka ʻāina ʻo ia ka hoʻoponopono ʻana: hiki iā ia ke uhi i ke anuanu a hoʻohana iā ia me kahi "umbrella" i ka wela.

Hoʻokomo ʻia nā forepaws pōkole i nā puʻupuʻu pōkole nui i hoʻolālā ʻia no ka ʻeli ʻana i lalo o nā kuʻuna. I mea e haʻalele ʻole ai i ka honua i ke kaʻina ʻana o ka eli, he ʻano punā ka hoʻolālā o ka niho o ka gopher.

Ke kamaʻilio nei nā koloni Gopher i kahi 'ōlelo' maʻamau e like nō me kahi squeak a ihe paha. Me ia, ua kaʻi lākou i nā ʻike nui: e pili ana i ka wahi o ka meaʻai, ke ala o ka pōpilikia, etc.

ʻO ke ola maʻamau o kahi gopher he 2-3 mau makahiki: ma ka pio ka hiki iā lākou ke ola a hiki i 5 mau makahiki.

Hoʻaiho

Noho ka poʻe Gophers i nā leʻalima mahana ākea. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hālāwai me lākou i ke kahua o ka papahō, nā lāʻau-tundra, ke ala lāʻau-ʻāpana. I ka manawa like, hiki i ka ahonui kūlohelohe ke ola iā lākou a hiki i nā wahi wao a me nā wahi mauna.

ʻO ka hapanui pinepine, noho nā mākaʻi gopher noho i nā wahi ākea. ʻAʻole hopohopo nā Gophers e noho kokoke i nā kānaka e noho nei: hoʻopuni lākou i ka pā o nā waiwai pilikino o ka mahiʻai, nā mea e hoʻopuni ana i nā wahi kauwela o nā kauwela a me nā māla.

E alakaʻi ana ka holoholona i kahi ola ʻāina, ʻimi ka minks o nā ʻāpana like ʻole. I ka lepo lepo, ka lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi o nā kaila gophers i lalo o ka ʻāhu ma ka 6-8 mau, ma ka ʻeleʻele ka hiki ke 16 mau mika. Hiki i ka labyrinth o nā neʻe ke moe ma lalo o ka wai.

I loko o nā wahi palekana o nā kaohi liʻiliʻi i lalo aʻe, e hoʻopihapiha ka gopher iā ia iho me kahi pūnana, e uhi ana i ka mauʻu me nā lau. Ma mua o ke komo ʻana i ka noho o ka poʻe gopher, hiki i kekahi ke hoʻomaopopo i kahi ʻano ʻeleʻele a i ʻole nā ​​one sand. Ua like lākou i ka like me ka molehills, akā naʻe, ua like ka hele ʻana o ke ana ma ka lua o ka mole, a ua like kēia mau ʻōpala me he mau holo wāwae lā.

ʻO ka Rodent Society he koloni o 25-30 gophers. E hui pū ana lākou i nā lehulehu he nui. Makemake ke gopher e noho kaawale: kahi lōʻihi o 2 mau rodents e noho ana i hoʻokahi lua (ʻo ka ʻokoʻa ke makuahine me nā cubs). I ka manawa like, ka pilina a me nā puka o kēlā me kēia kanaka, no laila ke kūpilikia inā hiki ke loaʻa kekahi i kekahi.

ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻonaʻokoʻa o ka gophers: hānau lākou i ka hoʻoilo wale nō akā akā i ke kauwela. ʻO ke kumu no kēia hoʻomaha "ʻokoʻa" paha ka nele i ka meaʻai a me ka maloʻo nui. Hoʻololi ka moʻomeheu i ka ʻano o ke ao a me ka noho ʻana. Ma nā latina hema, ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ka hiamoe ʻana ma mua o nā wahi ʻākau.

He aha nā mea e ʻai ai nā papa ʻāina a pehea e hōʻino ai i ka mahiʻai

Hoʻohana pololei ka ʻai ʻana i ka ʻenehana honua i kēlā me kona nohona: he multi-kai a hiki ke ʻai i nā ʻano o nā mea kanu e ʻano pono ana i ka kūloko a me ka wā.

E hānai nā holoholona i nā wahi terestrial a ma lalo o nā mea kanu like ʻole.

• La lāʻau, ʻala, kaʻu palaoa,
• Nā meloni a me nā legumes: rodents,
• Kaukaʻi ʻana: ʻai i nā ʻōpio'ōpiopio'ōpiopio, nā mea hōʻiliʻili piha i ka hua holoʻokoʻa, no ka mea ʻaʻohe mea e ulu i ka mauʻu maloʻo.
• Kaulu,
• Nā mea pīpī: tulip,
• ʻO nā mea: nā ō, millet, palaoa, rye,
• Nā ʻele.

ʻAʻole ka mamao o ka Rodent a me ka māla i kā lākou nānā: makemake ʻoluʻolu lākou i ke ʻano o nā māla ʻōpio o nā hua lāʻau: peaches, apricot.

Inā pono, hiki i nā gophers ke ʻai i nā meaʻai holoholona: hua moa o nā manu i hāʻule i loko o nā ulana a i ʻike ʻia ma nā nests ʻāina, nā pepeke liʻiliʻi a me nā huaʻala, nā ʻūhini, nā ʻūhā, nā ʻōpū.

Ke noho kokoke nei i nā kumuwaiwai nui, hiki i kēia mau pōʻino ke hōʻemi i ka mahiʻai i ka mahiʻai:

• E kāʻei i nā lua ma lalo o nā mauhele mau, ka poʻihue i nā aihue lepo. Eia kekahi, ka ʻāina i hoʻolei ʻia i ka ʻāina e paʻakikī i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka mauʻu,
• ʻIke ʻia nā pōkole e pili ana i nā "poho poʻo" a hoʻopau ʻia ka hua.
• Hoʻopilikia ʻia nā Gophers i nā wana ʻōpio. Loaʻa i nā mea kanu o ka palaoa ʻōpiopio, kuʻoki lākou i nā mea kanu i nā ʻōpū o lalo a hānai i ka wai momona. Ma hope o ka hānai ʻana i nā lālā o 20-30 mau lālā o ka ʻoni, kahi mākana he 1-hectare i noho ka hapalua.
• I nā kākāla lāʻau ʻōpiopio, eli nā rodents a ʻai i nā hua kanu i kanu ʻia i nā mea kanu hua lāʻau, nā mea kanu ʻōpio.

Wahi a kekahi mau kuhi, hiki i kekahi ke kime ke ʻai / mālama i kahi o 4 kilograma o nā mea kanu i kēlā me kēia manawa i loko o kahi lua. Inā he 10 mau kānaka / 1 ha o ka pāla ka nui o ka lehulehu, a laila he 40 kg ka nui o ka palaoa.

ʻO nā iwi ka poʻe gopher proliferated he mau pilikia e hoʻomaka ai. ʻO lākou nā mea lawe i nā maʻi lēʻeha, i ka brucellosis, ke ahulau, nā tularemia. Hoʻopilikia ʻia kahi maʻi ma o ka kontak ma, ʻo ia hoʻi ma loko o ka fleas. ʻO ia ke kumu i lilo pinepine ai ka maʻi manuahi i ka lawelawe ʻana i ka deratization, ʻike ʻia nā ʻike hou aʻe e pili ana me lākou.