ʻAi aku ka nui o nā mea iʻa a me nā mea lapaʻau he nui ka maʻi o ka holoholona e holo ana i lalo i ka maʻi a make koke lākou. Akā ʻo ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka iʻa (Synodontis nigriventris) kahi mea ʻē aʻe. No kēia iʻa akuarium, ma ka ʻōpū i loko o ka ʻōpū o ke ʻano. Kēia hiʻohiʻona maikaʻi i ka hopena o kahi loli e hoʻololi ai i ka wahi o ka pāʻauʻau ʻauʻau. I ke kūlana inverted, lele a nā loko i aneane 90% o ka manawa.
ʻO keʻano
ʻO Synodontis ka hana i ke ahiahi a me ka pō. I ke ao, ua hoʻomaha ka iʻa, ke piʻi aʻe i ka malu. Ke hoʻohuli lākou i nā manawa āpau, huli lākou i ko lākou kua i ka manawa o ka pāʻina wale nō.
Ma muli o ke ala o ka ʻauʻau ʻana, ʻoi aku nā ʻano o waho: ua ʻoi aku ka kua o ke kua ma mua o ka ʻōpū. Eia ka wehewehe ʻana penei.
- ʻAnoʻeleʻele ke kino, uhi ʻia nā uhi polū
- Lā 9 cm
- Kī lohi ka kūkulu.
ʻO nā ʻelele o nā ʻano ʻokoʻa nā unahi. Hoʻopopo ka ʻili, uhi ʻia i ka ʻili huapalapala. Hoʻolālā ʻia nā peni pectoral a me nā dorsal, paʻa i nā pono prickly. Hoʻokaʻawale ka ʻāpana caudal i nā ʻāpana ʻelua. ʻIke ʻia kahi momona momona kokoke i ka huelo.
E noho nei i ke kūlohelohe
Holo nui nā ʻano Synodontis nigriventris nona ka ʻohana Cirrus i nā wai wai o Kongo a me Cameroon, ua nui ka nui me nā mea kanu. Ke noho ka wai i ke kūlohelohe, makemake nui ka iʻa i ka wai nā kahawai a me nā kahe wai, kahi e neʻe wikiwiki ai ka wai polū a paʻa ʻia ka lalo me ke one.
Ke hoʻololi nei iʻa - iʻa me ke ʻano mālie a maluhia. E kūpono i loko o ka hale i loko o ke kaona wai he 80 lita, puni ʻia e nā ʻano he nui i ʻō ʻole ʻia.
Ua makemake ʻo Synodontis i kahi nohona hoʻouluulu (e aʻo ʻia e kūʻai i ka ʻohana o 3 a 4 mau kanaka). He māhu lone e manaʻo ʻole ʻia ka pale.
Pālā wai wai
ʻO ka nuʻo nui loa o ka ʻōlelo, ʻo ka maikaʻi o ka wai. Pono ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ka iʻa a me ka wai. No laila, pono e hoʻokomo i kahi kānana ikaika a me ka ʻōnaehana hou aʻe i ka aquarium. Ka 1/3 o ka nui o ka wai e loli i kēlā me kēia pule.
Pono nā ʻōnaehana wai:
- Hema 25 - 28 ° C,
- Acidity 6 - 7.5 pH,
- ʻAuhau - 5 - 15 dH (haʻahaʻa).
Haʻaheʻe
Pono nā ʻano o nā pā i loko o ka aquarium: driftwood, produkto seramika, nā piles o nā pōhaku me nā grottoes. Ke hoʻololi nei i nā holoholona i ʻekolu mau pakanā manuahi paʻakikī, me ko lākou manaʻo ka hohonu i ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai. No ka pale i ka antennae e hemo ʻole ai, i ka wā e hoʻonohonoho ana i ka loko o ka aquarium, e pono e hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka lalo me ke one a i ʻuehue ʻia paha nā pali a pono ʻole.
Hānai
ʻAʻole koho ʻia ka catwalk e pili ana i ka hānai; ua hoʻopau ʻo ia i nā holoholona a me nā mea kanu. Mai ka holoholona hānai hiki iā ʻoe ke hāʻawi i nā mea hana make, nā wīwī, nāʻaila brine. Hiki i nā mea kanu ke komo i ka palapula a i ka hoʻokolola paha, nā algae ʻē aʻe.
ʻAiʻai ka iʻa i nā ʻāpana o ka zucchini a i ka kukama e hoʻōla ʻia me ka wai kaila. Akā he mea maikaʻi ʻole kēia e pono ke komo pū i ka papa kuhikuhi pinepine ʻole. Ma keʻano holoʻokoʻa, ʻaʻole hiki ke hānai ʻia nā mea hoʻolalelima, no ka mea e pili ana lākou i ka momona. He mea kūpono e hoʻonohonoho i kahi lā wikiwiki i hoʻokahi pule, e haʻalele i ka iʻa me ka ʻole o ka ʻai.
Hānau a hānai
Synodontis Changeling - kahi ʻano paʻakikī i hoʻōla ai ma ka home. ʻAʻole aneane hiki ke kūleʻa i ke kūlohelohe kūʻokoʻa, no laila ua hoʻohana ʻia ka hoʻoulu ʻia me nā hormone. Hiki i nā mea lālili ke aʻilima i ka wā 2 mau makahiki o kona makahiki. Ma muli o ka paʻakikī o ka wahine ke koho, koho ʻia nā hipa no ka hana hou.
Hoʻopili ʻia nā mea i wae ʻia no 2 mau hebedoma i loko o nā mea like ʻole, hānai i nā ʻano like ʻole o nā mea kanu lāʻau. Pono e hana pono ʻia ka lawaiʻa i ka iʻa no ka hoʻololi ʻana, no ka mea ma muli o ke koʻikoʻi, hohola ka iʻa i nā pua i hoʻopiha ʻia me ka paʻa i ka upena a hiki ke hopu ʻia ma ka ʻupena.
Pono nā wahi e noho ai ma nā kahua loea. ʻO ka wai ka wai i ka 6 pH, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī ma kahi o 5 dH, ua kiʻekiʻe ka mahana i kahi o ka aquarium nui. Pono e hana ʻia kahi simulation o ke kahe.
Ma hope o ke spawning, hōʻiliʻili ʻia nā pākeke. Hoʻemi ʻia ka nui o ke kahe. Hoʻomaka ka incubation ma kahi hebedoma. ʻAʻole hiki i nā hua ke kū i ka ʻōlamalama aniani, no laila pono ke hoʻonā ʻia ka aquarium.
ʻAi ʻia ka pīpī holoholona plankton.
ʻO ka maʻi a me ka ʻihi
Ehia mau shifters e ola i luna o nā kūlana o ka paʻa, akā ʻo ke ola maʻamau o 10 mau makahiki. Maʻalahi ka paʻakikī o nā ʻano ʻano ʻano, akā hiki ke loaʻa i nā maʻi kekahi. Hiki i nā ala āpau:
- Hoʻololi ka kala ma muli o ke kaumaha.
- Fin rot ma muli o ka maikaʻi o ka wai.
- ʻO ka hoʻonāukiuki o ka makemake kūpono ma muli o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka nitrates i ka wai.
- ʻO ka spironucleosis kahi maʻi parasitic i hele pū ʻia me ka ʻike o nā ʻōpū ma ke kino.
- ʻO nā keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo ma ke kino me kahi maʻi maʻi.
I mea e pale ai i nā kulekele, pono ia e mālama i ka wai aquarium i loko o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe maikaʻi. No ka pale ʻana i ka palaʻai pala, ʻoi ʻia e hoʻomākiʻi i kahi kinikini i ka wai i ka wai. Pono e kahe o ka nitrates i ka wai ma mua o 20 ppm.
He mea kaulana ka Synodontis no kona ʻano mālie a maluhia, ka nele o ka mālama whimsical a me ka meaʻai. ʻO ka mahalo maoli ʻo ia kona hiki ke ʻauʻau i lalo.
Hoike ʻike
ʻO Synodontis (Synodontis sp.) He pua o ka iʻa ʻona ʻia mai ka ʻohana Cirrus. I kēia manawa, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā ʻano he 130 e noho ana i Central, East a me West Africa. Ua komo mua nā ʻelele o kēia ʻano manu i ʻEulopa i ka makahiki 1950.
Hiki ke unuhi ʻia ka inoa o ke ʻano he ʻano niho "fosa niho", kahi e hōʻike ai i ke ʻano o ke ʻano o nā ʻā o kēia mau iʻa.
E hoʻopaʻa pū me ke kiʻi o ka synodontis. Republic of Madagascar, 1994
ʻO ka synodontis he ʻelele nui o ka iʻa. Hiki i nā ʻōiwi pilikino ke ulu a 30 cm i ka lōʻihi. Hiki ke loaʻa nā iʻa palu ma lalo o ka inoa ʻo "Ka Hoʻololi". Loaʻa i ka iʻa kahi inoa inoa like no kahi hiʻohiʻona hoihoi e hiki iā lākou ke holo wikiwiki a e hoʻi kaʻū paha i lalo, kahi ʻano hana e hopu ai i nā pepeke i hāʻule i ka wai o ka wai.
E like me nā platidorases ʻenemi, hiki iā lākou ke hana i nā leo kūmole i ka weliweli, a ke lawe ʻia paha i ka wai. Hana lākou i kēia me ke kōkua o nā uahi mua o nā peni pectoral.
ʻO nā mea he nocturnal ka hapanui, ke makemake nei e hūnā i nā loko i ke ao. ʻAi ʻia nā iʻa. He poʻe kōkua maikaʻi lākou i ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻemaʻe o ka aquarium, ke ʻai ʻana i nā koena o ka ʻona o ka iʻa ʻē aʻe. Ke kūlohelohe nei lākou e noho nei i nā ʻohana liʻiliʻi.
Kāleka
ʻOiai ka nui o nā ʻōiwi, he like nā ʻenehana synodontis. Hoʻopili ʻia ke kino, wili liʻiliʻi ma hope. Ua ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pale o ke kua ma mua o ka ʻōpū. Ikaika ikaika ka ʻili me ka nui o ke kuihue. Aia ma muli o nā ʻano ʻano, hiki i ka nui o nā iʻa ka hopena mai 6 a 30 cm.
Ua pōkole ke poʻo, ʻōwili hope ʻia. Aia nā maka nui ma nā ʻaoʻao o ke poʻo. He haʻahaʻa loa ka waha, ākea, i hoʻopuni ʻia e nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua o ka antennae sela. Ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, ʻo nā mea i lalo o ka cirrus a i ʻole freded (ʻano hiʻohiʻona o ka ʻohana). ʻAe ka antennae i ka iʻa e loaʻa i ka ʻai ma ke kakahiaka. ʻO ka fin dorsal he triangular i kahi kūlana, a ʻo ka lua ʻeke kahi ʻelua i lua me nā hihi lōʻihi. Aia kahi kālā adipose nui.
ʻO Somod synodontis. Kāleka
ʻO ka pauku dorsal he kiʻi like ʻole me ka pupu 1-2, ka lua o ka caudal. Eia pū kekahi, ʻo ka catwalk i hoʻolako ʻia me ka momona momona a puni. Hoʻopuka maikaʻi ʻia nā poli pectoral, elongated, ʻae i ka iʻa e holo wikiwiki.
ʻO ke kala kino o ke kino, ma muli o nā ʻano, hiki ke mālamalama, ʻulaʻula, hina, beige, etc. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona o ka hele ʻana ma ke kino o nā wahi, nā ʻili a i ʻole nā kīʻaha o nā ʻāpana like ʻole a me nā ʻano like. Hoʻopili maikaʻiʻia me nā wahi ʻole.
He nāwaliwali ka male ʻana. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā wahine ma mua o nā kāne.
Loaʻa ka ola i loko o ka mea kanu i ka 15 makahiki.
Hoʻaiho
Kālele ʻia ʻo Synodontis ma ʻĀpelika. ʻIke ʻia lākou ma nā kīʻaha muliwai (Congo, Niger, Nile, Zambezi, etc.) a me nā loko iʻu (Malawi, Tanganyika, Chad). Nui ka poʻe ma ka maʻi maʻamau.
Noho ka catfish i nā ʻano biotopes: nā wahi wai, nā muliwai me ka wai anuanu Akā ʻoi aku ka nui o nā ʻōhua e noho kokoke i nā pali maʻa me nā "clearings" naha ". Makemake lākou i nā mea kanu lāʻau a me ka driftwood, kahi paʻa kūlohelohe i ke ao.
I kēia manawa, ma waena o nā mea aquarist, ʻo kā ka mea maʻamau ka ʻekolu mau ʻano o ka synodontis, ka mea i ʻike ʻia e ke ʻano kino nani a he ʻano kūpono.
Kūwīwīwīwī ʻīwīwī (Synodontis eupterus)
He kohu nani loa me ka pale pale dorsal kiʻekiʻe. Mālama ka kala i ka hina hina a hiki i ka ʻeleʻele me nā nui o nā wahi ʻeleʻele ma ke kino. I ke kūlohelohe, hiki ke loaʻa i ka White Nile, Niger, Lake Chad. E makemake nui ia i nā waikahe lepo me ka lalo o ka pōhaku a i kahi ka wikiwiki. Hiki i nā iʻa ke noho mele a me nā hui.
ʻO ka loa ka nui o ke kino he 30 cm. ʻAʻole paʻa ka pīpī, akā pono ka kanu ʻana me nā iʻa nui a koʻikoʻi. ʻO ka nui ʻōlelo i ʻōlelo ʻia i loko o nā ʻikepili mai 150 lita. ʻO ka Omnivore, ma nā mea lewa e hānai i nā mea inu, larvae, algae.
ʻO ka pākū Synodontis
Hōʻano hou Synodontis (Ke Kuhiau nei Nigriventris)
Ua loaʻa i ka iʻa i kona inoa no kāna ʻano hana. ʻAi ʻele a lele ʻo ka iʻa maʻa. Ua hoʻomohala kēia ʻano hana, me he mea lā e ʻai ai i nā iniseti ma luna o ka wai.
ʻO ke kūlohelohe, ʻike ʻia ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka synodontis ma nā wahi he nui o ka muliwai ʻo Congo. E makemake nui i nā wahi me nā mea kanu koʻikoʻi.
ʻO ka nui ka nui o ka iʻa he 10 cm, aʻo nā kāne he liʻiliʻi ma ka liʻiliʻi. He ʻeleʻele-hina ka kala me nā ʻōlelo ʻeleʻele a puni ke kino. Kaomi aku i loko o ka wai aku ka papa aku o 60 lita.
Ka Hoʻololi Synodontis
Synodontis multifoam (Hoʻopili ʻia ka Synodontis multipunctatus)
ʻO ka inoa maʻamau ʻelua no kēia iʻa, ka synodontis cuckoo, no ka mea, e like me kēia manu kaulana, ʻaʻole mālama ka iʻa i nā hua, akā e hoʻolei i kā lākou hua ma ka masonry i nā cichlids e lawe ana i kā lākou palaoa i loko o kā lākou waha. Ua kapa ʻia kēia ʻano ʻano "parasit spawning." Hoʻokomo ka cichlids i ka hua synodontis me kā lākou hua. Akā ʻoi koke ka ulu ʻana o ka iʻa ma luna o nā hua o cichlids.
ʻO Somik cuckoo ka hopena o ka loko o ka Lake Tanganyika i ʻApelika Hikina. ʻO kahi biotope maʻamau o ka loko ke one kahi ʻiliʻili i hui ʻia me nā pōhaku a aneane pau ʻole nā mea kanu.
I loko o ka aquarium, hiki i ka iʻa cuckoo ke ulu a hiki i 15 cm ka lōʻihi. Hiki ke mālama ʻia a hīmeni paha i loko o nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi, inā e ʻike ka nui o ka pākali a me ka nui o nā hale. Mālamalama ke kino i nā wahi ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele. ʻAkaʻaka ka ʻōpū, me nā kaula ākea ākea e pā ana i nā pehole o ka moni caudal. ʻO ka fin dorsal he triangle, ʻeleʻele me kahi keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo. Hōʻike ʻia ka nui o ka pahu aku no ka mālama ʻana mai 100 mau lita.
Synodontis nui-ʻike ʻia
ʻO ka mālama a me ka mālama
Kahi ʻia ka nui o ka māhu no ka mālama pono ʻana i ka synodontis ma muli o nā ʻano ʻano kikoʻī kūikawā. No ka laʻana, 60 lawa ka lawa no ka hoʻololi, a pono i kahi pākeke pākeke e loaʻa aku i ka wai wai o ka liʻiliʻi o 150 lita. No laila ʻaʻole i hōʻino nā iʻa i kā lākou antennae sela, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke one a i ka lepo liʻiliʻi paha.
Hiki ke mālama mele ʻo Synodontis me nā ʻohana hipa
He mea nui ia e hoʻolako i nā wahi he nui - kahi e hūnā ai ʻoe, ʻaʻole pono e emi mai i ka helu o ka synodontis lākou iho i loko o ka aku. Driftwood kūlohelohe, grottoes, nā pua kalamela pua hiki ke hana i nā pā. Pōmaikaʻi nā mea ola no nā ʻano he nui, akā hāʻawi ʻia i ke ʻano kūlohelohe e ʻeli ai i ka lepo, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e kanu iā lākou i loko o nā ipu hao kūikawā. Hoʻopili maikaʻi ʻo Anubias, echinodorus, cryptocorynes.
I nā mea kanu me nā synodontis e pono ai kahi e malu ai
Pono kahi kānana ikaika a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi maikaʻi i ka aquarium. ʻO ka iʻa ʻaihilima ka Synodontis, no laila ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻomālamalama ʻia. ʻAʻole nui ka nui o ka molelī pākahana, no ka mea, makemake kēia mau kama'āina i ʻAmelika i ka wai mahana.
Ke hoʻokahi manawa i ka hebedoma, pono kahi hoʻololi o ka wai - a hiki i 20% o ka nui o ka pahu aku.
ʻO nā ʻōmole wai kūpono no ka ʻike, ʻo: T = 24-26 ° C, pH = 6.5-7.5, GH = 4-12.
Kūlike
ʻO ka Synodontis he iʻa aloha i ka launa, akā ʻaʻole naʻe ke kumu o ka hiki iā lākou ke hooku ʻia nā iwi liʻiliʻi. E like me nā iʻa ʻē aʻe, e ʻoliʻoli ka iʻa a me nā poʻe a pau e hoʻopiha i kona waha. No laila, inā mālama ʻia i loko o ka pākula nui, tetra, neon, zebrafish, guppy ka haʻalele loa ʻana.
E hoʻokau maikaʻi ʻia ka iʻa me kā lākou ʻohana. Eia nō naʻe, hiki paha nā hassles ma laila, no laila pono ʻoe e mālama pono i nā wahi pale. ʻO ka pinepine loa, ka hoʻonaninani ka synodontis i nā iʻa ʻē aʻe - nā māka, nā mea paʻa, nā anticistruses - ʻo ke keʻena like like pū kekahi e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia.
Hele maikaʻi ʻo Synodontis me nā cichlids Malawi
Akā me nā cichlids ʻApika, hele maikaʻi ka synodontis. Hiki iā ʻoe ke noho ma aulonokara, haplochromis, melanochromis, etc. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻonohonoho pū i ka synodontis me nā scalars, gouras nui, iris.
Koi a hoʻohui
ʻO ka hiki ʻana i nā catododis catfish ma ka home ke hiki, akā koi i ka hiki ke hoʻohana i nā inikini hormonal.
No ka hoʻouluulu, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka mea aku me 70 ka lita. Ma kahi hebedoma ma mua o ke kuhihewa ʻana i ʻōlelo ʻia, hoʻopuʻi ʻia nā mea hana. Pono e waiho i ka upena i ka lalo i ʻole ai nā mākua i kā lākou caviar. No ka hoʻouluʻana i ka spawning, piʻi ke mahana ma 2-3 ° C, hana ʻia kahi loli wai a hana ʻia ke ʻano o kēia manawa. E paʻi ʻia ka iʻa me ka hormone hoʻokahi, ma hope o ka hele ʻana o ke kōpapa ma hope o 12 mau hola. Hiki i ka wahine momona ke piʻi a hiki i 500 mau huaʻai. Ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ke kaʻina, ua hoʻomau nā mea hana.
Hoʻomau ka caviar incubation ma kahi o 40 mau hola, i ʻonanepili i keʻake ʻia e ka ʻōpū kahi e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia mai ka aquarium. Ma hope o ka hatching, kāʻai ka ʻai i ka ʻala ʻeke no 4 mau lā. Kūleʻa ka pīpī, akā, mai hoʻonāukiuki kekahi i kekahi, no laila ʻaʻole pono ke ʻano.
Puberty aia i ka makahiki he 1 o ka makahiki.