ʻAno a me ke ʻano. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO kahi ʻaeto liʻiliʻi, ʻano like me ka pāhiu, akā ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o ia. ʻO ka loa kino 60-774 cm, nā ʻēheu 153-182 cm, ke kaumaha 1.5-3.2 kg. ʻIke nui aku ka wahine ma mua o ke kāne; ʻaʻohe ʻokoʻa o ka like i ka kāne. ʻO ka mea nāna ka palena kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, ʻo ka "trousers" ma nā wāwae i kūkulu maikaʻi ʻia. ʻAeʻe nā kaʻe o nā eheu o ka manu e noho ana i ka lihi o ka huelo a i ʻole e nānā iki. ʻO ka ʻaoʻao ka waha he ākea, e like me ka epaʻi ʻanuʻu, nā kihi ʻeleʻele o nā kihi o ka waha e hele mamao loa i ka maka.

ʻO keʻano. ^ E Ha yM. He ua poepoe nā kaʻe a e like me nā ʻaeto liʻiliʻi i nānā ʻia, i ka ʻāʻī i nā ʻalāai e like me nā neto o nā aeto ʻē aʻe. ʻAhiʻulaʻula i ka ʻula, i nā kū like ʻole i ka ʻeto i nānā ʻia. I ka lole o nā pākeke, ua ʻoi aku ka hala ma mua o ka ʻaeto wāwae, akā me kahi kaila ʻula a me nā wahi i ke kumu o ka hulu hulu. He ʻala a melemele paha ka lalo o lalo, a ʻoi aku ka māmā ma mua o ka ʻōpū. ʻO kaʻeleʻele hoʻi ka manu ʻōpio, akā me nā lālani he nui kahi lau ʻulaʻula manu me ka ʻae a me nā ʻēheu, me ke keʻokeʻo ma ka suphicle a me nā kukui māmā i ke kumu o ka hulu manu ma nā ʻēheu ma lalo nei. ʻO ka maʻa a me ka ʻāʻī me nā puʻupuʻu buffy. ʻOkoʻa ka ʻokoʻa i ka ʻōpio i hala ʻia i ka ʻōpū ma ka hoʻomohala nui ʻana i nā ʻala lau a ka ʻula me ke keʻokeʻo, a me ka hala ʻole o kahi wahi ʻulaʻula ma hope o ke poʻo. Ma ka lele nui lele i lele aku nei, i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana me ka eeto wāwae a me ka ʻaeto ʻōpiopio liʻiliʻi, ʻike ʻia nā eheu e pālahalaha a he pōkole, me kahi kikoʻī e pili ana i ka pihi pipili, a pōkole ke kāʻei a pōkole. ʻO ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā uhi a me nā hulu hulu ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka eheu, ʻaʻole i ʻōlelo ʻia ʻoi ʻia ia mau maka, a he ʻeleʻele hoʻi nā pale i ʻoi aku ma mua o nā hulu hulu. Ma ka ʻaeto liʻiliʻi na Koho ʻia a me ka ʻaeto paukū, ke kuhi ʻia, ua ʻoi aku ka māmā o nā pale ʻahuʻula ma mua o nā hulu manu.

ʻOkoʻa ka ʻūhā ma ka lele ʻana me ka ʻēheu i hāpai ʻia ma luna o ke kino (a hemo iki hoʻi) a me nā "ʻākoʻowai" me nā "mau manamana lima" maikaʻi, me ka puʻu pōkole, puʻupuʻu ʻeleʻele polū. Ma nā manu ʻōpio lele lele, nā aniani o nā ʻokiʻoki i luna o nā ʻēheu e hui pū ʻia i nā kaila keʻokeʻo. ʻO ka manu ʻānele o ke ʻano ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻāmaʻomaʻi he like ʻole me ka ʻaeto ʻōpio ʻōpio, akā naʻe, ʻoi aku ka mālamalama a ʻoi aku ka ʻōpala. I loko o nā ʻaina waena waena, e nalowale ka neʻe ʻana o nā pupu māmā, no ka manawa lōʻihi wale nō kahi waiho kukui ia i ke kikowaena o ke kua. I nā wahi hybridization o nā ʻaeto nui a ʻoi hoʻi ka mea i ʻike ʻia, ʻike ʻia nā manu o ka helehelena waena.

Manaʻo. ^ E Ha yM. Ua walaā "wikiwiki, wikiwiki. "A"Kyuk, kyuk. ", Kiʻi nui, me ka hopohopo"ki-wik-ki-wik, ki-ki-ki. "(No laila ʻo ka inoa lua - e ʻaʻō ana i ka ʻaeto).

Ke Kūlana ʻokoʻa. ^ E Ha yM. Ma kahi kokoke i Rūsia, ua uhi ka nui o nā pua i ka ulu lāʻau ʻo Eurasia mai Polenekia a hiki i Amur a Primorye a mai nā taiga ʻākau a hiki i ke ala lāʻau-steppe. ʻO nā māla ma nā subtropics a me nā ʻōpulī o ʻAsia, ma ka ʻūkaukau o ʻApelika. ʻO nā ʻano lono, pale, sporadically ākea. Ua hāʻule nui ka helu i nā makahiki he 50 i hala iho nei ma muli o ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana i ka ʻāina, ka pale, a me ka hopohopo. Kuhi ʻia ka lehulehu o ʻEulopa a i ka 1,000 mau pālua i ka Red Book o Russia.

Ke noho maʻamau. ^ E Ha yM. Noho hale o ka nahele nāhelehele wai, nā loko, nā ʻāpana nui. Ua liʻiliʻi ʻo ia i ka meaʻai - kākā ʻo ia i ka rodents liʻiliʻi (ʻoi loa ka voles wai), nā bako, nā manu, nā ʻīlī, nānika, i kekahi manawa hopu lākou i ka iʻa i ka wai papau, a ʻai i ka kalima. Ke hele haʻahaʻa nei, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o nā ʻaeto ʻē aʻe, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā hopu mai nā dungeons a ma ka wāwae. Loaʻa ma ka hopena o Malaki a i ʻApelila. E like me nā ʻaeto ʻē aʻe, ka hiʻohiʻona ʻia e nā ʻenima wai.

Kaumoana i ka lāʻau, i nui no ka nui o ka manu, ka ʻānela pinepine o kahi pūnaka make a me ka hoʻopono ʻana i nā lālā ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻē aʻe i mālama ʻia i ka lei, ma hope o ia mau mea e pilikino malū ana nā manu. I loko o ka cāpili i ia mau manawa ʻelua mau hua keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo me nā ʻulaʻula a me nā brownish, kahi i hoʻoulu ai ka wahine i nā lā 42-44. ʻO ka lole o ka pīkoi mua o nā pōpoki he brownish-hina, ʻoi ke keʻokeʻo. Haʻalele ʻo Chicks i ka nūhou i kona mau makahiki 6 hebedoma. ʻO nā mokulele no ka hoʻoilo i Kepakemapa a ʻOkakopa.

Aia i hea kona hale

ʻIke ʻia ka ʻaeto nui i ʻike ʻia ma nā ululāʻau a me nā wahi lāʻau ala-ala. Ma Lūkia, he ulū ia i ka ʻāpana ʻEulopa, ma ke awāwa Volga, a me nā Urals, i nā awāwa ʻo Ob a me Yenisei, ma Prebaikalia, Transbaikalia, i ke awāwa ʻo Amur a me Primorye. Ma waho o ka Russian Federation, ʻo ka laha ʻana o nā ʻano kolo e puka ma ke komohana i Polani, Romania, Yugoslavia a me Finlandia, a ma ka hikina i ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o Kina.

No ka loaʻa ʻana i ka ehele nui e koho i nā wana nahele nui i loaʻa ma nā awāwa wai a i nā ʻāina wai ʻole. He mea nui loa ia ma nā wahi o nā wahi i puʻu ʻia ai nā wahi nahele wai, nā ʻāina wai, nā wahi a me nā mea manuahi. Hiki iā ia ke ʻike pono i ka ʻaeto hoka no ka ʻona ponoʻī. ʻOi aku ka makemake i nā poʻomanaʻo pīpī, akā, hiki ke loaʻa ma nā kuahiwi ma kahi kiʻekiʻe o ka 1000 m ma luna o ke kai.

Nā hōʻailona waho

ʻO ka ʻaeto nui i ʻike ʻia he ʻelele maʻamau o kahi ʻano. ʻO kēia kahi iwi hāiki i waena nui, ʻaʻole ia e haʻahaʻa loa i ka ikaika a me ka dexterity i kona mau kaikuaʻana. Loaʻa iā ia kahi maka predatory, kahi kino ikaika, nā ʻōpū a me ke ʻano wikiwiki. I ka lōʻihi, hiki i kēia mau manu ke piʻi i 75 cm, a ʻo kā lākou paona mai 1.6 a 3.2 kg. Hōʻike ʻia ka dimorphism seksual e hōʻike wale ʻia ma ke ʻano o ka nui o nā wahine i ʻoi aku a nui ma mua o nā kāne. ʻO ka ulaula o ka manu ʻōpio ma ka ʻaoʻao o luna o ke kino e uhi ʻia me nā pulu liʻiliʻi e like me ka ʻala. Ma ka hiki ʻana i ka pālule, ua nui nā ʻōlio nui i ʻike ʻia i ke kapa ʻōmaʻomaʻo. ʻOi wale ke kua o ke kua a me ka luʻu. I kekahi manawa aia nā manu ʻaʻole me ka brown, akā me kahi kala buffy o ka plumage. Paʻi ka melemele, akā ʻeleʻele ka beak a me nā wāwae, uhi ʻia lākou i ka plumage i nā manamana wāwae nui.

Hōʻailona a me ka wehewehe

1. ʻO nā manu o ka ʻohana ma lalo o ke kūkākūkā me ka pālahalaha ʻia. Eia nō naʻe, ua hoʻokaʻawale kekahi poʻe ʻepekema i kahi kanaka i kaulana no ka nui o lākou. Eia hou, ke hilinaʻi nei ia a pau e pili me ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana. No laila ka ulu ʻana o ka ʻaeto i nānā i ka 75 cm ka lōʻihi, ʻokoʻa ke kino o ke kino o kekahi kanaka i ka ana o 1.5–3 kg.
2. Loaʻa ʻike ʻia nā dimorphism seksual, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā wahine ma mua o nā kāne o ke kāne kāne. Aia kekahi ʻike ʻaeto liʻiliʻi, ka nui o kona kaikaina nui, e like me ka inoa e hōʻike nei. Akā inā ʻoe e hālāwai ai i nā manu i ke kula, hiki iā ʻoe ke maʻalahi me ka hūnā iā lākou. ʻO ka maka ʻike wale nō ke hoʻoholo i ka māhele.
3. Ke kala o nā hulu, he waihoʻoluʻu nā kānaka. Heʻeleʻele, ʻeleʻele lākou. Eia naʻe, ʻo ka wahi ma lalo o ka huelo, ka hapa o ka occipital, he māmā ka sternum. Kahi ʻia ka hulu ʻulaʻula a ʻulaʻula paha na lākou. He mea nui loa ka ʻimi ʻana i nā manu, ʻo ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ke aniani o ka pale heiula, he melemele a palala hoʻi.
4. I nā holoholona ʻōpiopio, he māmā ka plumage, aia nā kiʻi i loko o ke ʻano o ka hina i ka ʻaoʻao ma luna o ke kino. Hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa kekahi i kahi o ka uhi nui e keokeo melemele a iʻa ʻoka paha. ʻEleʻele nā ​​pua a me ke kakā i nā kala, nā ʻāpana o nā ihu a me nā ʻapo a nā melemele. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā pua i nā wāwae a i nā lima.
5. Ma nā ʻōlelo e kau aku ai, hiki i kēia mau manu ke ʻike i nā ʻāpana ʻihi o ʻEulopa, ʻo ia ʻo Polenekia a i ʻole Finland. Noho lākou i Mongolia, Hungary, Pakistan, China. I ka nui o ko mākou ʻāina, ua ʻike ʻia nā ʻaeto i ʻike ʻia i ka ʻāina Kaliningrad a hiki i Primorye.
6. No ka hoʻoilo, hōʻuluʻulu nā manu a lawe aku i Indochina, India, Iran. No ka mea, ʻo ka poʻe kekahi no nā mea e hāʻawi i ka poʻe i loaʻa i loko o nā wahi a me nā wahi i ʻike ʻia. Aia ma kēia wahi ka mea e nānā pono ai ka aeto a kāʻili i ka mea pio.

Ke noho maʻamau

1. Nā ʻelele o ka ʻohana monogamous, e hoʻokō i ka wā ʻōpiopio makua, kali lākou iā 4 makahiki. ʻOi aku kekahi o nā kānaka ma mua, a ma 3 mau makahiki a lākou e hānai ai.
2. E kūkulu pū i hale no ka wā e hiki mai ana. A laila hiki mai lākou i kēlā me kēia makahiki no ka waiho ʻana a me ke kaha ʻana i nā hua. No ka wikiwiki ka nui o ka hoʻoulu ʻana, e lele koke nā mākua me kā lākou poʻe moa i nā wahi mahana.
3. Ma ko lākou mau ʻano kūlohelohe, hiki i nā manu ke hāʻawi ʻia i nā cannibals. ʻO ia, i ka wā i kau ai ka wahine i kāna mau hua, ua ʻoki lākou i kekahi manawa, a laila hoʻomaka ka hakakā ma waena o nā moa. ʻAi wale ke kaikaina i ka muli loa.
4. Inā mālama ʻia ka masonry ma Mei, a laila i loko o ka hāʻule o ka ʻohana o nā manu me ko lākou hoʻonui hou i ka hoʻoilo. E like me nā pale mahana, ʻApelika, ʻEulopa, ua koho ʻia ʻo ʻAsia ma Asia.

Nā Kūlana Kūʻai

1. He mea kūpono ia e hoʻomaopopo i kahi kanaka i ka ninaninau he wahi pā hale nui. Inā ʻoe e nānā i kahi ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, he manaʻo hoihoi e waiho ʻia nā manu i hōʻike ʻole ʻia i nā subspecies.
2. Ua hoʻopaʻa nui ʻia nā noiʻi ʻana i ka mea ʻelua e pili i nā mea pili i pili i ka nui. ʻO nā hualoaʻa e kūpono loa.
3. Eia naʻe, ke ʻano nei kēia mau ʻano i ka honua holoʻokoʻa. No laila, ua kākau inoa ʻia nā manu ma ka Puke Hoʻōla. Kēia mau kānaka i ka nalowale i loko o kā lākou mau wahi. E pale ʻia ka nui o nā poʻe ʻE East Far a me ʻEulopa ma ka ʻāina o ka Hui Leka Rusia.

ʻO nā Eagles kahi poʻe kūʻokoʻa o kā lākou ʻano. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻohe o lākou subspecies. Ke kūʻē nei ko lākou noho ʻana ma muli o nā hana kanaka. Palapala ʻia nā ʻEagles ma ka Buke Red. ʻO ka hapa o nā manu he liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi ia, ʻoiai ʻo ia ka nui o kona noho.

ʻO ka kumu o ke ʻano a me ka wehewehe

E pili ana i ka loiloi o nā kuʻuna mitochondrial nui i ʻike ʻia ma Estonia i ka makahiki 1997-2001, ua loaʻa i nā mea noiʻi ka nui o ka nui o nā ʻano ʻōiwi i kēia ʻano.

Ua ʻōlelo aku lākou ʻo mua e pili ana i ka neʻe ʻana o ʻEulopa ma mua o kēia ʻano. Nana no hoi i manao nui no kona makemake ana i ka pale ana i na palani a me na pine, kahi e kaawale ana i ke komohana, aole i ka laau pohihihi.

Wikiō: Podorlik

ʻO ka lōʻihi loa ke ola o nā aeto e ʻike ʻia mai 20 a 25. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā mea ola i ka nohona noho kaiāulu, ka nui o ka mea pio, kuhi waiona a me ka hopu. ʻO ka awelika makahiki make ma ka 35% i hoʻokahi makahiki no ka poʻe ʻōpio, 20% no nā manu ʻōpiopio a me 5% no nā pākeke. Ma muli o kēia mau hoʻoweliweli, ʻo ka manawa maʻamau o ko lākou ola ma waena o 8 a 10 mau makahiki.

ʻO nā Eagle he mea nui o kā lākou ékosistema. Kōkua lākou i ka mālama ʻana i ka heluna o nā mammals liʻiliʻi a me nā vertebrates liʻiliʻi. Hiki i ka huaʻai ke lilo i meaʻai no ka poʻe mahiʻai no ka mea ʻai lākou i ka pīpī a me nā mea ʻai ʻē aʻe, nā manu liʻiliʻi, nā pepeke a me nā reptile e hoʻoweliweli aku i nā mea kanu.

Nā hiʻohiʻona a me nā hiʻohiʻona

ʻO ke kiʻi: he aha ka ʻano o ka ʻaeto ākea.

Aia kekahi ʻano like ʻana o nā aeto.

• ʻAeto nui ʻike
• ʻOi aku ka nui o ka ʻaeto.

ʻO nā ʻano nui a hemo liʻiliʻi e nānā like. He 130-180 cm ka poli o ko lākou mau ʻēheu, a he keʻokeʻo ka nui o ka pākeke o nā pākeke, aʻo nā manu ʻōpio i uhi ʻia i nā wahi kukui i hoʻokahi. Ke kū aʻe, kūleʻe nā aeto ʻalaʻala i kahi ʻano mākaukau maʻamau, a ma kahi mamao ke ʻike ʻoe i nā ʻano manuahi wale nō e ko lākou silhouette i ka wā o ka lele: ʻoiai ʻo ka eeto ʻalo nui e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i nā ʻae o kona mau ʻēheu i ka wā e kūlulu ai, ʻohi mau ke kahakaha maʻamau

Ke nānā nei i nā manu i kahi mamao loa, hiki i kahi ke ʻike e ʻānō pinepine ka buzzard maʻamau i ka plumage keʻokeʻo, aʻo nā ʻeto ʻenemi helehelena i nā kala ʻulaʻula a he wale nō kekahi wahi maʻa ʻulaʻula ma nā hulu. Ma ka nānā loiloi hou loa, ʻike ka mea nānā ke ʻike ʻia nā wāwae o ka eeto i nā hulu me nā manamana lima, aʻo nā wāwae o kahi buzzard maʻamau i nā hulu manu.

Hoʻokumu i nā hōʻailona plumage, me ka papa o nā ʻēheu, hiki iā mākou ke hoʻokaʻawale i ka ʻaeto kuʻikuʻu, he mauʻuʻuku nā maka a kau ʻia nā ʻōiwi ma kēlā me kēia e like me nā aeto.

ʻOi aku ka nui o ke poʻo a me nā ehe a me ka eheu e ʻike ai i ka ʻaeto e ʻike ʻia. He pā ka pona a he kālai manu nona ka lōʻihi o kona mau hiʻohiʻona maʻamau, ʻo ka ʻaeto nui i ʻike ʻia ka nui o ke kumu ʻokiʻoki, ʻo ia ka mea i kaupalena ʻia i ka waenakonu o kāna mau kala mua, a kūlike ʻole nā ​​ʻōlelo a me ke kumu o ka hulu. E like me nā ʻaina ʻē aʻe e hiki ke hoʻoholo i ka makahiki o kēia manu e kū ana i ka hōʻailona plumage (no ka laʻana, aia wale nō nā poʻe ʻōpio i loaʻa i nā wahi keʻokeʻo kahi i hāʻawi ʻia i kahi inoa maʻamau).

ʻOiai paʻakikī loa ka haʻi ʻana i ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā ʻano ʻelua e ʻike i nā aeto. ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka ʻeleʻele i nānā i ka piko, ʻoi aku ka nui, a me ka ikaika a me ka ikaika ma mua o ka ʻaeto kiʻi ʻokaʻā. He paʻakikī nō hoʻi ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻana ma waena o lākou, no ka mea ua hoʻokumu ʻia nā puiwa i loko o kahi e hānau ai nā hybrids.

ʻAuhea e noho ai ka aeto?

Pūnaewele: ʻEleʻele nui e ʻike nui ʻia

ʻO nā ulula i ʻike ʻia i nā ululāʻau nāhelehe laupili e pili ana i nā ʻōpala maloʻo, nā puʻu a me nā ʻeleʻele ʻē aʻe a hiki i 1000 m. Ma Asia, ua ulu mai nā lāʻau taiga, i ka nahele me nā ʻāina wai ʻole, nā ʻāina me nā ʻāina pāʻai. A maikaʻi nā nā lau no lākou i ka hoʻoilo. Loaʻa i nā manu mikratory a hoʻoilo i nā manawa i loko o ka hāmama a wehe pinepine ʻia nā hale.

I ko lākou wahi hoʻoilo i Malaysia, e noho wale ana kēia mau ʻōlima a i ʻole nā ​​ʻāpana liʻiliʻi. ʻOiai e hana ʻokoʻa ana i ka meaʻai, hiki i kekahi mau kanaka ke kali maluhia i kahi hui kūʻokoʻa a puni ke kula kahi e hana ai ka trak. He kipa pinepine kēia mau ʻōpio i nā palapala ʻāina.

Ma Bangladesh, ʻike pinepine ka manu ma nā kahawai nui a me nā estuaries, kahi hiki iā ʻoe ke nānā iā lākou e lele ana ma luna o ko lākou mau poʻo a i ʻole ka moe i ka ʻāina ma nā kapa o nā kahawai a i nā mokupuni wai paha. I ka ʻIseraʻela, i ka hoʻoilo, ma nā kūlana kime ko ka nui ma waena o nā kai, hiki ke loaʻa nā manu ma nā awāwa a me nā wahi ākea haʻahaʻa, ʻoi loa ia i nā māla a me nā loko iʻa i kokoke i nā wahi o nā kumulāʻau, ʻo ia ka eucalyptus.

Ma Lūkia, loaʻa lākou i nā wao nahele, 'āina-ala, nā wao kahawai, nā kumu lāʻau paina, nā kākā anuʻu liʻiliʻi a me nā wahi i nā wahi. Ma Kazakhstan - i nā nahele peʻa kahakai, nā anuʻu hele a me nā ala ala lāʻau.

He aha kahi mea e ʻai ai ka ʻaeto hihiu.

Nā kiʻi: ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua

Hōʻalo ka ʻōhule i kā lākou mea pio ma nā wahi e hānai ʻole ʻia ai, pēlā hoʻi i nā pahū, nā māla a me nā ʻano ākea ākea, a me nā manawa i ulu nā nahele. ʻO kā lākou wahi hānai ʻona ma kahi kokoke i nā nests aia ma kahi mamao o 1-2 km mai kahi pae.

Holo ka manu i ʻike ʻia i ka mea i loaʻa i ka lele a pe alualu paha iā ia i loko o nā kumulāʻau e kokoke ana ma nā kihi o ka nahele a me nā wahi kiʻekiʻe loa (nā lāʻau mehameha, nā lehelehe, nā pala uila). I kekahi manawa loaʻa ka manu i ka mea i hele ma ka lepo. Holoi ka Podorlik i kāna mea i hopu ʻia, lele a lele ʻole i ka nele i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka meaʻai, akā inā ke kumu waiwai, koho ke ʻimi aku i ka waiwai.

ʻO kā lākou papa ʻai nui o ka:

• nā maʻi liʻiliʻi i ka nui o ka hare, e like me voles,
• amfibia e like me ka baki,
• manu (me loko o ka wai vai wai),
• nā reptile, e like me nā kahe, nā mea kīloi,
• iʻa liʻiliʻi
• nā pepeke nui.

I ka nui o nā wahi, ʻo ka mea pio o ka aeto i kāʻei ʻia ʻo ia ka wai wai ʻākau (Arvicola terrestris). ʻAe ʻai ka manu e hoʻoilo ai ma Malaysia i ke kālai ʻia, ka nui o nā mea make i make ʻia e nā wahi mahiʻai. Pākuʻi ʻia kēia ʻano i ka kleptoparasitism mai kekahi i kekahi a me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe o nā mea wānana.

Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me nā ʻano hana

ʻAoʻi Pūnaewele

He mau manu manu manu nā ʻaeto. Ke hoʻoilo nei lākou i loko o ka Middle East, Southern Europe, Central a South Africa. ʻO ka neʻe ʻana i a mai Aferika e hana nui ʻia ma o ka lāle o Bosphorus, Middle East a me ke kahawai ʻo Nile. Hoʻi mai ka ʻaeto nui i ʻike ʻia mai kona hoʻoilo i ka hopena o Malaki, ʻoiai ʻo ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi hiki ke ʻike ʻia i kahi manawa ma hope - i ke kakahiaka mua o ʻApelila. Lele nā ​​manu ʻelua i ka mahina o Kepakemapa, akā hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā manu kū hoʻokahi ma ʻOkakopa.

Meaʻoiaʻiʻo: Ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, hiki ke loaʻa i nā Podorliks ​​a he hīmeni paha a hui pū kekahi, akā hōʻiliʻili lākou e kokoke ana i nā kumuwaiwai nui a lele i loko o nā pā.

Noho ka ʻōlapa ma kahi ʻano ʻāina mosaic kahi e loli ai ka nahele me nā wahi nahele, nā kula, nā kīhāpai, nā awāwa wai a me nā nāone. Hoʻopili hou ʻia lākou e noho ma ka ʻāina mahiai ma mua o ko lākou poʻe hoahānau nui. Kūkulu nā manu ʻo lākou i kā lākou mau lua a noho mau lākou iā lākou i nā makahiki ma hope mai, no laila ʻaʻole lākou e hāliu. ʻO kekahi manawa hoʻohana lākou i nā ʻuhane kahiko o nā manu ʻē o ka ʻai (ka buzzard maʻamau, nā ʻāpana ʻākau) a i ʻole he ʻeleʻele paha. ʻO kekahi mau manawa he mau ʻāpana a nā ʻedele i ʻike ʻia i nā nipe no nā makahiki ʻē aʻe.

ʻO ka mahalo: ʻO ka ʻaeto he teritorial. E hakakā lākou me nā manu ʻē aʻe e kokoke loa i kā lākou mau hihi. He ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o nā kāne ma mua o nā wahine, a, ma muli o ke ʻano ture, e hōʻike i ke ʻano o ke kaiāulu i ka pili ʻana i nā kāne ʻē aʻe. Hele pinepine nā wahine i nā nests o nā wahine ʻē aʻe i ka wā hoʻoulu.

ʻO ka hoʻolālā ʻenehana a me ka hana hou

Kuhi: He manu manu nui

Hoʻomaka ʻo ʻElau e kūkulu a hoʻomaikaʻi hou i ka pili ma hope o ka hōʻea ʻana. I ka hopena o ʻApelila a i ka hoʻomaka mua ʻana o Mei, ʻekahi a ʻelua paha (ʻeha a ʻekolu) mau hua piha i ka piha. Hoʻomaka ka wahine i nā honu iā lākou ma hope o ka waiho ʻana i ka hua mua, ʻo ia ke kumu e honi mau ai nā pipi i nā manawa like. ʻO ke kaʻina hana hatching e lōʻihi i ka lā 37-41. Hiki i nā chicks ke lele i nā makahiki 8-9 o nā hebedoma, ʻo ka mea maʻamau e hui pū i ka hapa mua o ʻAukake. O nā moa, hoʻokahi, a ʻelua paha, ʻelua e aʻo e lele.

ʻO ka pōmaikaʻi o ka hoʻoulu ʻana i nā aeto ʻewalu he ʻekolu mau makahiki, ma muli o nā loli i ka nui o nā voles, nā mea i makemake ʻia e nā ʻeto. I nā makahiki maikaʻi loa, hiki i ka huahana ke hiki ke hōʻea i kahi awelika ʻoi aku ma mua o ka 0.8 mau manu ʻōpio e kuhi ʻia, akā i loko o nā manawa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa hiki i kēia helu ke hāʻule i lalo ma lalo o 0.3. ʻO nā ʻīlio nunui kaulana i ʻike i ka hopohopo a loaʻa ke kūleʻa o ka ulu haʻahaʻa. ʻOiai ua kau lākou i ʻelua mau hua manu, ʻehā wale nō ka hulu o hoʻokahi moa.

ʻOiai ʻo nā mea hoihoi: Ma nā wahi e ʻike ʻia ai ka nui o ka ʻaeto e ʻike ʻia, hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia ko lākou huahana ma ka hōʻoia ʻana i ke ola ʻana o nā moa ʻelua i ka wā plumage. Ma ka vivo, aneane pinepine kekahi e lilo i ka fratricide, ʻike ʻia ʻo cainism.

ʻO ka mea kūlohelohe maoli a Eagle

ʻAoʻi Pūnaewele

Hiki i ka mink ʻAmelika a me nā mea wīwī ke hoʻoili ʻia i nā cubs a me nā hua o nā aeto nui. ʻO nā ʻokiʻī ka pahuhopu o nā mea hoʻopiʻi a i ʻole nā ​​owl ʻē. A i ʻole, he nui nā ʻaeto ʻokiʻoki ma nā mea nui, a ʻo nā kanaka pākeke ke lilo ʻole i nā pōpoki o nā mea ʻōpiopio nui.

ʻAʻohe mau moʻo ʻōpiopio i ʻike ʻia i ʻole nā ​​ʻōiwi kūlohelohe a ʻaʻole i hōʻike i nā ʻano hoʻohālikelike ʻole iā lākou. ʻO ka hoʻoweliweli nui iā lākou he poʻe. Ua hoʻoweliweli lākou i ka pōpilikia i ʻike ʻia i nā aeto e pili ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea kanu e like me ka azodrine, he mea make manu organophosphate i mālama ʻia i nā holoholona liʻiliʻi mai ka ʻai ʻana i nā huaʻai. ʻO ka mea kanu, ʻo ia hoʻi nā aeto e ʻike ʻia, e make pinepine ana mai ka meaʻai mai kēia mau holoholona ʻona. ʻO kekahi ʻano mana kanaka no kēia ʻano heʻe.

ʻO kekahi kumu nui o ka make ma ka aeto liʻiliʻi i ʻike ʻia. Inā he ʻelua a ʻekolu paha o nā hua ma ka hano, maʻamau nā keiki e hū mua, e pepehi mua i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe ma ke kuʻi ʻana iā lākou mai ka nalo, ʻae aku iā lākou, a i ʻole ka ʻai ʻana i ka ʻai ma mua o ka hiki ʻana mai o ko lākou mau kaikunāne. ʻO ke hopena, e ulu kūleʻa ana nā ʻōpio he nui i hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha mau hua.

Ua hōʻike ʻia ia hiki ke ʻai ʻia i nā hua ʻē aʻe i hala ʻia e nā holoholona ʻē aʻe, ʻo nā mea nākiʻi pono ʻole. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole i ʻike akuhi ʻia kēia. ʻAi ʻia nā hua ʻaeto nui i ʻike ʻia e nā mink ʻAmelika. No laila, hiki i nā minks ke ʻimi i nā hua i nā ʻalā o nā ʻalā liʻiliʻi.

ʻO ka hoʻoweliweli nui loa o nā ʻano hemo i ka noho ʻana (ma ka helu, ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o nā kumulāʻau i nā ʻuʻu a me nā ʻōpala a me ka hānai mau ʻana). Hoʻopau maoli ka hoʻoweliweli hope loa i ka wā e neʻe ai i ka lele: mau tausani kau manu i pana ʻia i kēlā me kēia makahiki ma Suria a me Lebanona. Ua hōʻike ʻia no ka hopena o ka hoʻokele lāʻau i nā ʻōiwi. Ua pilikia nō hoʻi ʻo ia i ka hopena o ka hiki ʻana o ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ikehu hau. Loaʻa paha ka ulia i ka loea mana Chernobyl i pili i kēia ʻano.

Ke ʻano o ka noho ʻana a me nā ʻano

ʻO ke kiʻi: he aha ka ʻano o ka ʻaeto ākea.

ʻAe ʻia ka ʻaeto nui i ʻike ʻia i ke ʻano he mea pau i ka honua. Kuhi ʻia ka heluna kanaka i ka laulā mai ka 1,000 a 10,000 paha, akā aia kekahi mau manaʻo e manaʻo ʻole ʻia kahi kiʻekiʻe aʻe. Wahi a BirdLife International (2009), ʻo ka nui o nā manu makua he 5,000 mai ka 13,200 mau kanaka. Wahi a BirdLife International / European Council for Bird Census (2000), ua manaʻo ʻia ka lehulehu o ʻEulopa i ka 890-1100 pakanui puaʻa, a laila laila loiloi ʻia i 810-1100 mau pāluahele.

ʻOi ʻia ka ʻaeto liʻiliʻi e ʻike ʻia i ka nui o nā manueto ma ʻEulopa. I kēia manawa, ʻaʻole like ka laha o kēia ʻano i ka wā i hiki ai i kēia lā, a ua emi hou kona helu i ka hapa mua o ka kenekulia 20 ma muli o ke "kaua hawk". Ma hope o ka hoʻomau hou ʻana o ka poʻe. I nā makahiki 1960 a me 1970, ua loli kahi hoʻololi o nā nological ékological. Ua hoʻomaka ka ʻaeto e kokoke ana i ka moʻomeheu moʻomeheu. Ma hope o kēlā, i ka makahiki 1980, ua ulu wikiwiki paha ka nui o nā aila ʻōpala liʻiliʻi. Aia nā ʻāina nui loa o ka ʻaeto kaulana i loaʻa ma Belarus, Latvia, a me Polani.

He ākea ka nui o ka ʻōpū i ʻike ʻia a ʻoi aku, no laila, ʻaʻole ia e hoʻokokoke i nā waiwai kīwaha no ka nāwaliwali o ka nui o ka pae (pae o ka nui o 30% no ʻumi mau makahiki a ʻekolu paha mau hanauna.

ʻO ka nui o ka heluna kanaka mai ka liʻiliʻi a hiki i ka nui, akā manaʻo ʻiʻo ia ʻaʻole ia e hoʻokokoke i nā pae uila no ka hoʻopulapula ʻia e ka helu o ka nui o ka lehulehu (10% no ʻumi mau makahiki a ʻekolu mau hanauna. No kēia mau kumu, hoʻokolokolo ʻia ai ka ʻano o ka mea i hoʻoweliweli ʻia.

Ka ʻalu ʻeu

Kuhi: Podorlik mai ka Puke ʻaha

ʻOiai ka pālahalaha nui loa ka aeto nui i ʻike ʻia ma mua o ka mea liʻiliʻi, akā he liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi ʻo ia i ka honua, a e emi ana kāna helu i nā ʻaoʻao komohana o ka ʻāina. ʻO nā kumu no kēia ʻano ke loli i ka nohona nā mea i ulu ʻia e ka nahele a me nā pākuʻi, ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana o nā wahi kanu mua, ka hoʻoulu ʻana, ka puʻuwai, ka pāheona, ʻona a me ka ulia pōpilikia, ʻoi loa ka zinc phosphide.

ʻAʻole maopopo ʻia nā hopena o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻia me nā ʻaeto ʻuʻuku liʻiliʻi, akā, ke neʻe nei ka kikoʻī o nā ʻano hope ma muli o ka ʻaeto nui ʻike nui ʻia. Hoʻokahi kahi hana hana no kēia ʻano no Europa. ʻOi ʻia ka ʻōhule nui nui i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa. Akā he maʻamau maʻamau nō hoʻi ma ka Western Siberian Lowland mai nā Urals a hiki i ka Middle Ob a i hope ʻo Siberia Eastern, a ua hiki ke piʻi ka nui o kona heluna he 10,000 i kekahi kanaka, ka mea e hoʻokumu nei i ka paepae no ka hoʻokomoʻana i ka papa inoa o nā mea pōʻino.

ʻO nā ana no ka pale ʻana i nā ʻaeto ʻikeʻa ʻia i lawe ʻia e nā ʻāina o ʻEulopa Hikina, a ʻo Belarus hoʻi. Mālama ʻia ka ʻaeto nui i ʻike ʻia e ka kānāwai Belarusian ma ka mālama ʻana i nā kūlohelohe, akā ua manaʻo ʻia kēia kānāwai he paʻakikī a hiki i ka hoʻokō. No ka laʻana, ka lula a ke aupuni holoʻokoʻa mai ka "wahi hoʻokele" a i "mau wahi i mālama ʻia" hiki ke hoʻololi wale i kēlā mau pūnaewele i kāhea ʻia nā manu i hoʻopaʻa ʻia a ʻae pono i kākau ʻia ma mua o ka ʻae ʻia e nā ʻāina a me nā ʻoihana o Belarusian e pili ana. " Hiki paha i nā mahina ʻeiwa e hoʻopau ai i kēia kaʻina hana.

I Kelemānia, ke ho'āʻo nei ka papahanaʻo Deutche Wildtier Stiftung e hoʻonui i ka kūleʻa o ka panai ma o ka lawe ʻana i ka aeto hānau mua (ʻo ka mea maʻamau ka pepehi ʻia ʻana e ka hānau mua) mai ka nolo ma hope koke iho o ka hika a hāpai i nā lima manuahi. Ma hope o kekahi mau pule, kau hou ka manu i loko o ka pūnana. I kēia manawa, ʻaʻohe mua o ka hānau mua, a noho ʻelua mau lua. I ka wā lōʻihi, ʻoi aku ka mālama i kahi nohona kūpono e pili pono ana i ke ola ʻana o ka manu lele i ʻike ʻia ma Kelemānia.

ʻO Podorlik - He ʻaha kēia o ka ʻaeto e ʻuʻuku i nā wahi lāʻau, ka mea maʻamau ma nā pāpū a me nā kokoke i nā ʻāina, nāu me ka wai ʻōpala. I ka wā hoʻomaha, ua laha ia mai ʻEulopa Hikina a Kina, a ʻoi loa ka hapa nui o ka lehulehu ʻo ʻEulopa i ka hapa ʻole (ʻoi aku ma mua o 1000 mau paikaha), ka lehele ʻia ma Rusia a me Belarus.

He ʻauhau

Ua komo ʻo ka eeto ʻalo i nā koholā i hoʻokahi ʻano nui me ka ʻaeto nui i ʻike ʻia. ʻO waho, he paʻakikī nui ke hoʻokaʻawale iā lākou, ʻoiai inā ua lōʻihi ke hōʻike ʻia he mau manu ʻokoʻa lākou. No lākou ʻohana ka ʻaeto a me nā ʻohana hawk. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka ʻaeto nui ma mua o kona "pili"; ua like ko lākou pūnaewele, ka ʻona a me nā ʻano. Loaʻa nā ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā manu a hiki i ke code DNA.

Kuhi ka poʻe kūpuna iā lākou ma ke kula o Afghanistan hou. Ma kahi o ʻelua miliona mau makahiki i hala aku nei, ua hoʻokaʻawale iā lākou i ke komohana (ʻoka a ʻokoʻa i ka ʻēheu) a me nā lālā hikina (ua ʻike ʻia ʻo ka eeto. I kēia lā, aia ko lākou pae ma ka ʻākau o Hindustan a me ʻEulopa Hikina wale nō. Pili ka pehu liʻiliʻi ʻuʻuku hoʻi kahi kā kanu Sepania a me ka ʻaeto ʻae wāwae.

ʻO ka wehewehe ʻana i ka ʻaʻa liʻiliʻi ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi

ʻO ka ʻaeto nui i ʻike ʻia ʻo ka ʻaeto ʻōpiopio. Hiki i kona kino a hiki i ka 60 sentimita ka lōʻihi, a ʻo nā ʻēheu ka lōʻihi ma luna o 1.4-1.6 mika. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā wahine ma mua o nā kāne, akā ʻaʻole ʻokoʻa ka like o kā lākou waihoʻoluʻu. Kaumaha nā wahine i 3 kg, kaupaona nā kāne a hiki i 2 kg. He pōkole a pōkole ke poʻo o ka manu, liʻiliʻi ka poʻo. ʻEleʻele ka beak ma ka hopena, ʻeleʻele ma ke kumu, ikaika a kūlou, e like me nā lālā o ka ʻohana.

He manu polū ka manu ma ka poli a i ke kala, i kekahi manawa. E like me ke kānāwai, ua ʻoi aku ka māmā ma mua o ka aeto nui i ʻike ʻia. Ma ke kumu o ka huelo he laina keʻokeʻo, ma kekahi mau manu ke waiho wale ʻia. ʻEleʻele a ʻeleʻele paha ka ʻeleʻele o ka huluhulu a me nā ʻēheu. Loaʻa nā ʻōpiopio i nā poloka a keokeo a keʻokeʻo i nā kala, a he wahi ʻulaʻula ma ke kua o ke poʻo.

ʻOle ka lele ʻana o ka lele ʻemi a ʻoi ʻia i waho. Hoʻololi ʻia nā ʻēheu e ka hoʻolālā. Pā pinepine ʻo ia i nā ʻāina nū i ʻimi i ka ʻai. Ma waena o nā kumulāʻau a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, he wikiwiki loa ka holo ʻana.

Hoʻaiho

ʻIke ʻia ka manu manu lele ʻoki ʻia i Asia Minor a me Central a me Europe. E lele ana i ka hoʻoilo i ʻAmelika. Ma laila, hoʻomaka kona pilina me Sudan a hoʻopau me Namibia, Botswana a me ka ʻaoʻao hikina o ʻApelika Hema.

Ma Lusia, e noho ana ka palena ma hope o Novgorod a me St. Petersburg, ʻo kekahi ʻāpana ʻo Moscow a me Tula, a me ka Kūlana Krasnodar hoʻi. Ma Ukraine, loaʻa ka manu ma ke komohana a me nā ʻaoʻao komohana. Noho ka eeto mau maka i India, nā Balkans, Turkey, Hungary, Romania a me Makedonia.

Noho ia ma nā ululāʻau i hui ʻia a paʻa ʻole paha ma nā wahi ākea. Noho ia ma nā kuʻekuʻe wao kokoke i kahi ʻāina mahiʻai ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi, a ma nā wahi i hoʻololi ʻia nā ululāʻau me nā wahi nahele. Ma Carpathians a me nā Balkans hiki iā ia ke noho ma nā kuahiwi ma nā kiʻekiʻe a hiki i ka 1800, i kekahi mau manawa - hiki i 2200 mau mika.

Ma ka hapanui o nā teritore, he kūlike ka "manu kokoke i nā kūlana i hoʻoweliweli ʻia a i ʻole" nā holoholona laka me ka palena ʻole. ʻO nā kumu nui e hiki koke ai i kahi manu ke lilo i mea kanu manuahi, e hoʻopau nei i nā wahi noho. Ma ka ʻāina ʻo Krasnodar, ua ʻike helu ʻia ka ʻaeto hūnā me nā holoholona līpono. Ma Ukraine, palekana ia i ka Carpathian, Polessky a me Shatsky nā paka.

Ka wā hoʻohālikelike

Lele maila ka ʻaeto kaulana i nā wahi i hāhai ai i ka hopena o ʻApelila; mau nō ke kau ʻana a hiki i ka hopena o Mei. ʻO kēia mau manu monogamous a koho wale lākou i hoʻokahi no lākou iho hoʻokahi. I ka wā hoʻomana, moe lākou i ka lewa, mālama ka kāne i nā wahine mai ka beak. I kekahi manawa ke noho mau nei ka manu hoʻokahi i nā leo lōʻihi a kani hoʻi i nā nū, ʻoiai ʻo kekahi mau puahi e lele ana ma luna o ka lele ma kahi mamao a hiki i kahi kilomita.

Ua kau ʻia nā manu manuahi ma nā kumulāʻau lāʻau nui, ke hōʻoiaʻiʻo nei e hiki koke ʻia i kēia wahi. Ma ka anawa a hiki lākou i 50 a 100 cm. ʻO nā koʻokoʻo a me nā lālā e lawelawe ai i ka waiwai, i loko, e like me ke kānāwai, nā lau, nā lau maloʻo a me ka ʻāwili ʻia. Hoʻohana kekahi mau ʻīlio i kahi nū i kekahi mau manawa. No nā makahiki a keu paha mau makahiki, hiki iā lākou ke lele i kahi i hoʻolako pono ʻia.

I ka wā hana o ka ʻohana, wehewehe pono nā manu i ko lākou wahi a pale iā lākou me ka maluhia. ʻAʻole lākou e haʻi wale i nā ʻaeto ʻike maka ʻia, akā nā ʻano ʻē aʻe. I ka hoʻoilo, ʻo kā lākou ke kū pono ʻole e launa pū me ke ala me nā ʻaila ʻē aʻe.

Ma ke kiko o nā manu ʻelua wale nō ʻelua mau moa, a lilo kekahi o nā mau lā i ka ʻeha o ka lua. No nā lā 45, nā mākua e hoʻopili hou i ka masonry. ʻO nā hua keʻokeʻo me nā ʻāpana brown. Hanai ʻia nā huaheʻe no kahi o ʻelua mahina, ma hope o ko lākou haʻalele ʻana i ka "hale". Kahi wale nō lākou i ka male i ka makahiki 3-4 makahiki. I ka huina, ke ola liʻiliʻi nā ʻaeto ʻokiʻoki i nā makahiki 15-20.

I loko o ke Kauka ʻAmelika o Lūkia

ʻO ka nui o ka ʻaeto nui i ʻike maka ʻia ma nā wahi a pau e nalo ana, a nalo aku nei mai nā hale noho mua ʻole. ʻElua mau kānaka o kēia ʻano ma lalo o ka pale i Russia: ʻEulopa a me Far Eastern. Hoʻokomo ʻia lāua ʻelua i loko o ka Red Book of Russia me ke ʻano pale lua. Ma waena o nā mea koʻikoʻi e kau, pono e haʻi i ka hāʻule o nā lāʻau kūpono i ka pili ʻana, ka wai o ka pahū, ke kīpē ʻana i nā ʻōpala wai, a me ka hopohopo kanaka.

Olena Hewa

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ʻO kēia ʻelele me ka lōʻihi o ke kino ma ka laulā mai 55 a 65 kenimika. ʻO ke koʻikoʻi o ke kino mai 1.5 a 2 mau kilogram. ʻAno ke kala o ka kala ʻana. Loaʻa i nā holoholona ʻōpio nā wahi kohu māmā ma ko lākou mau kua.

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ʻO ka nohona o nā aeto liʻiliʻi i ʻala ʻia i nā ʻāpana ʻelua: komohana a me ka hikina. Ma ke komohana, loaʻa iā lākou mai ka Elbe a me Hungary a hiki i St. Petersburg, Novgorod a me nā wahi. Ma ka ʻāina hikina i Hindustan.

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ʻIke kuapo ʻia e India

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Ua loaʻa i nā subspecies kaʻawale nā ​​wao nahele o India, Bangladesh, Cambodia a me Nepal. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino o kēia ʻano he 65 kenimika. He keʻakeʻa wale ke kino: ke poʻo nui, nui nā ʻēheu a pōkole. ʻEleʻele nā ​​ʻāpana ʻōpio.

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Mea ʻai

ʻO nā ʻōlio manuahi i ʻike maka manu ʻole i ka ʻai, e ʻai ana kā lākou ʻai me nā manu liʻiliʻi a me nā mammals. ʻO ka hapanui kā lākou ʻimi ʻana i nā kiʻi, gophers, 'īloko, hares, baki a me nā ʻua. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā ʻEagles e ko lākou mau mea hopu maikaʻi. He mea koho loa lākou a ʻaʻole loa e ʻai i ka kalrion. ʻO kēia mau manu he hapa liʻiliʻi i ka wai.

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Hiki i nā ʻelele o nā ʻīlio nui ke kiʻi i ka pāʻani nui, no ka laʻana, ka turki, ke aʻa a me ka māka ʻeleʻele. Akā ke kipa wale ʻia nā cottages kauwela ma nā hihia koʻikoʻi loa.

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ʻAno hānau

ʻO nā ʻano o nā aeto ʻokiʻoki ʻia he manu piha manu manu a me nā manu ʻōiwi. Kūkulu lākou i nā ʻaina ikaika a paʻa. Hoʻohana lākou i nā nest o nā ʻaleʻa a i nā lāʻau paha, a hiki ke kūkulu pū iā lākou. E like me ke kānāwai, e hoʻohana i hoʻokahi wahahi i nā manawa āpau.

Hoʻomaka ka wā hana ma ka hoʻomaka ʻana o Malaki. Hoʻomaka kēia me kahi hana hou o ka nano no ka hatching hua hou. Ke waiho nei nā wahine mai ka hoʻomaka o Mei. ʻO ka hapa pinepine, ʻo hoʻokahi hua i ka lākō. I nā hanana liʻiliʻi, hiki i ka nui ke piʻi i kahi ʻekolu. Na ka wahine ke kuleana no ka incubation, i kēia manawa ke ʻimi nei ke kāne i ka waiwai no ka ʻelua. Makahiki ka manawa incubation no 40 mau lā. ʻO nā ʻaeto ʻolima ʻia me kā lākou makuahine. I nā makahiki 7 o ke wiki e hoʻomaka e aʻo e lele, a laila ʻimi.

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Loaʻa ka pāleka nui manu ʻalā

ʻO nā ʻikepili ma ka Wild

Hoʻopāwā ʻia nā kumulāʻau e hopu ʻia e nā holoholona ākea ʻē aʻe. I waena o nā manu, hiki i nā manu honi wale ke kiʻi i nā aeto aeto. ʻO nā manawa pinepine loa, nā ʻano nui o nā ʻaeto nui i ʻike ʻia i nā manu nui o ka ʻai.

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ʻAʻohe o nā manu o ka eeto ʻoki ʻia i ka hoʻoweliweli maoli e like me ia. Hana hou ka poʻe iā lākou. ʻO kēia ma muli o ka hoʻoiho ʻana i nā mea ʻino e like me ka azodrine, a me nā ʻano insecticides ʻē aʻe. Noho nā ʻōpū he nui nā aeto ʻokoʻa ma muli o ka ʻai ʻana i nā holoholona i hoʻopau ʻia. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ka mea hoʻokele ilegal i ka helu o kēia mau manu.ʻO kekahi kumu nui o ka nui o ka make ma waena o kēia mau manu he cannibalism. Inā he ʻelua a ʻekolu mau huaʻai i ka hano, make nā pipi ʻoki mua i pepehi aku i kekahi. No kēia kumu, ʻoi loa pinepine ke ola hoʻokahi o ka pēpē.

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ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona a me ka noho ʻana o ka ʻaeto i kālai ʻia

ʻO kekahi hiʻohiʻona o kēia mau kāne nani i ka lani ma luna o kā lākou māhele i ʻelua mau ʻano:

ʻO ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā ʻano he nui wale nō ka nui o nā hulu manu hulu. ʻAeto nui ʻike paona i kahi ʻēheu o 170-190 cm, he paona mai 2 a 4 kg, a ulu a lōʻihi i ka lōʻihi 65-75 cm. ʻO ka waihoʻoluʻu o ka hulu o nā hulu, me ka huli ʻula. Akā i kekahi manawa aia nā manu māmā, he ʻilihune loa.

ʻO ka hulu keʻokeʻo, nā aila paha a i ʻole nā ​​ʻili hulu manu, nā ʻaeto nui i ʻike ʻia i kekahi mau moʻomeheu i manaʻo ʻia he laʻa, e lawe ana i nā makemake o nā akua. Ma ka pualikoa hope iā Mūkini i manaʻo ʻia i hana ʻia he manu nui e like me ka manu o ka manu, a ʻo ka hele pū me ka mea e loaʻa ai ka lanakila a me ke koʻikoʻi i ke kūlana a me ka waiwai.

I ke kiʻi, kahi nui ʻaeto nui

ʻO ka mōʻī o Prussia Friedrich, ke kaua ikaika me ka poʻe āpau, a me Lūkia kahi puʻupaʻa e like me ka ʻū i pehu. Olena Hewa he kope paha o kekahi nui, ʻo nā ʻēheu i ka wā e holo nei i hiki ke 100-130 cm, he "kaupaʻa" manu kēia kaupaona mai ka ʻāpana a hoʻokahi a ʻelua i ʻelua kilograma, a ʻo kona lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi o 55-65 cm.

ʻO kēia mau manu he hoa kahiko o Don Cossacks. ʻOiai i ka kenekulia ma mua o ka wā i hala aku nei, hiki ʻole ke nānā pono i ka lani ma luna o ka Don, a me ka ʻike ʻole ʻana i nā aeto e ulu mai nei. Eia kekahi, ʻo kēia ʻano manu manu e ʻai ana ma luna o Volga, a ma luna o Neva, a ma luna o nā wao ma kahi o Moscow. Kokoke ma luna o ke ao holoʻokoʻa o ʻEulopa a ʻaʻole wale wale nō.

Wahi a nā moʻolelo ʻano moʻolelo, ʻo nā ʻaeto ʻuʻuku liʻiliʻi i hele pū me Vladislav Tepes a me Malyutu Skuratov. Hāʻawi ʻia kahi manu like ʻole i makana iā Otrepiev ma kahi pāʻina mare ma hope o kāna male ʻana me Mrs. Mnishek, akā ʻo ka ʻawē a Lesser i ʻike ʻia, ʻaʻole ʻo False Dmitry a i ʻole naʻe o ka mea nui.

I ke kiʻi, ʻo ka manu e ʻike i ka manu e ʻike

ʻO kahi kahi o kēia mau manu akamai akamai a nani. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hālāwai me lākou, e hoʻomaka ana mai Finland aʻe a hoʻopau me nā latitude o ke Kai o Azov. Noho ʻo ka ʻEagles ma Kina a hapa kekahi ma Mongolia.

Ma Mongolia, ikaika nui lākou e hoʻohana ʻia a hoʻohana ʻia no ka hopu ʻana a pale ʻana i nā ʻūkeo na nā ʻīlio. Ma Kina, ʻo ka ʻeto i hika ʻia ke ʻano i loko o nā moʻolelo he nui, a hōʻike nā kaao i kēia mau manu e komo i ka ʻimi manu no ka ʻōlio a me ka kōkua i ke kiaʻi ʻana ma nā kāwele o ka Pali Nui o Kina.

H lele nā ​​ʻeto i ka hoʻoilo i India, ʻApelika, nā ʻāina o ka Hikina Waena - Pakistan, Iraq a Iran hoʻi, i ka hema o ka Indocina Peninsula. Ma kahi o ka migratory, like like me kēlā me kēia mau manu ʻē aʻe, ma India i loaʻa kekahi ʻanoʻokoʻa o kēia mau manu - aeto ʻokiʻoni manuahi.

ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o kona "mau hoahānau", kona mau wāwae ikaika, ke kino ākea a paʻa a makemake hou i ka poʻe baki, nāu a me nā manu ʻē aʻe. Lanakila ʻo Wingspan ma mua o 90 cm, a ʻo ka lōʻihi o ke kino - 60 cm. Akā, ʻo ke "Indian" kaupaona nui - mai 2 a 3 kg.

He kūpono like ia me ka pīhoihoi, a, e like me nā moʻolelo o ka Pelekane, nāna i aʻo i ke ʻano a me ke ala o ke ola ʻana o India i ka wā koloni, i kēlā manawa, ʻaʻohe aliʻi hoʻokahi, ʻo Vizier, a he kanaka waiwai ʻole paha i loaʻa kahi eʻalā i ka ʻalo e hoʻohuli ai i nā mongooses i nā hale waiwai. ke noho nui ʻana ma waena o nā poʻe India o ka castes medium a me ka ulu ʻana.

E kamaʻilio e pili ana i ka noho ʻana o nā aeto. No laila, ma ka alaika hiki ke ʻike ʻia ke kokoke wale i nā muliwai, kahi i loaʻa ai nā kūlana no ka pili Ma nā ʻōlelo ākea ʻē aʻe, koho nā manu i nā kihi ululāʻau e pili ana i nā nahele a me nā mahiʻai. ʻAʻole haʻalele hoʻi nā ʻElio i ka nalo ʻana ma luna o nā palapu.

Eia nō naʻe, he nui nā mea hōʻikeʻike mai nā mea lawaiʻa a me nā lawaiʻa e ʻike ʻia ka ʻaeto ākea a hiki ke hele malie ʻia ma ke ala, akā ʻaʻole i ʻike maoli i kēia ʻoiaʻiʻo.

Ka hiʻohiʻona a me ke ʻano o ke aeto hina

ʻO Podorlik – manu lehulehu a me ka ʻohana, ʻoiai home loa. Hoʻokumu ʻia kahi wāwae no ke ola, e like me ka mea pūnana. Hiki i nā manu ʻoi ke kūkulu iā lākou iho, a hiki iā lākou ke hoʻokuʻi i kahi pūnana manu kaona o nā ʻalā, a me nā manu a i nā manu ʻē aʻe. I kekahi hihia, mai kēlā makahiki a kēia makahiki e hoʻi hou lākou i kēia mōʻī e hoʻomaikaʻi mau ana iā ia, hoʻāla a me ka hoʻoluʻu iā ia.

I mea e hoʻonohonoho aku ai nā manu i kahi pā hale hou a kūkulu i nā “hale” ʻē aʻe no lākou iho, pono kekahi mea i waho o ka mea maʻamau, e like me ka lele, a lele paha i kahi kanaka hānai i kahi kaula.

ʻO ia ka hanaʻino a ka poʻe, ke kau ʻana i nā alanui, ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā kūlanakauhale, ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o nā laina mana - nā kumu i hōʻeha ai nā manu i nā ʻaoʻao Puke ʻula, a ī nui aeto ʻike nui Aia ʻo ia ma ka hope o ka hemo loa. ʻO nā ʻaeto, ʻaʻole wale nā ​​manu akamai, he loea nō hoʻi, hiki ke ʻike i nā kūlana hou a kūpono iā lākou.

Hōʻike ʻia kēia i ka mea inā, inā hiki, mai ʻimi i ka ʻai, no ka laʻana, inā ke kahe ʻana kokoke i kahi koloni o nā koina lepo, a me nā mea kīkaha, ʻaʻole i lele ka ehe maka i ka nui o hoʻokahi tausani moka, akā mai ka peʻe mai kahi mai, mai kahi hoʻohihi.

Noho mālie ke ʻano o ka manu, mālie ke ʻano, a mālie a noʻonoʻo hoʻi ka noʻonoʻo. ʻO ia mau hiʻohiʻona i hiki i ke aʻo ʻana o kēia mau manu. KA MEA kamaa a kāheaʻike ʻaeto ikaika loa i kākau i ka waena o ke kenekulia 19 i ka almanacs maʻamau "Nature and Hunting" a me "Hunting Calendar."

ʻO kēia hana hoʻi, i kapa ʻia kēia alakaʻi, ke aʻo nei ia, akā ʻo ka mākaʻi ʻana ʻana i ka manu no ka hopu ʻana, ma ka aniani me ka ʻīlio, ua wehewehe ʻia i ka kikoʻī ma ka puke na S. Levshin, "A Book for Hunters," i paʻi ʻia i ka makahiki 1813 a kākau hou a hiki i nā makahiki 1950 kenekulia, a i loko o na palapala a S. Aksakov, ma kahi ʻāpana - "Holo me ka hawk no quail", i hoʻopuka mua ʻia i ka makahiki 1886.

Mai ia manawa, ʻaʻohe mea e loli, koe wale nō ʻo Bashkir a me Mongols wale nō i hoʻohana i kēia mau manu no ka hopu ʻana i kēia lā. ʻO ka pili ʻana o ka ʻaeto ʻikea, hoʻokahi wale nō kahe i loko.

Pono ke hoa kanaka o hope e lilo i kuʻi ʻōpiopio, hiki iā ia ke lele a hānai i kāna iho, akā, ʻaʻole e lele me ka ʻohana i ka hoʻoilo a me ka loaʻa ʻole nā ​​mea ʻelua. Aia nā moʻolelo i ʻoki ʻia nā manu i ʻoki ʻia, a ma hope o ke kū hou ʻana, ʻaʻole lele ka lele a.

Loaʻa kēia i kēlā, akā inā ʻaʻole hoʻihoʻi ka maikaʻi o ka huakaʻi, a manaʻo ka manu iā ia, ʻike maopopo i ka nohona ʻaʻole hiki iā ia ke ola ke kūleʻe ka manu ʻalā. E hoʻi hou nō ka manu ʻohana i kāna pūnana, ma ka manawa mua loa.