ʻO ka Falcon Saker Falcon kahi mea make make he nui ia a ʻo kekahi o nā mea moʻohaena maikaʻi loa, e like me ka liona a cheetah paha, akā aia wale nō i waena o nā manu, hoʻomāwaʻi lemu a pepehi ʻia kāna mea e make ai - hiki i kēia mau hua'ōlelo ke wehewehe i kēia manu manuʻaleʻa a nani.

He aha ka ʻaoʻao o ka Saker Falcon a me hea e noho ai?

ʻO ka plumage o Saker Falcons heʻokoʻa like ʻole, ʻo ka mea maʻamau ka nui o nā 2 ʻāpana - hina me nā keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo a ʻulaʻula me ka ʻulaʻula. Ua ʻōlelo ʻia ke kino he "kumakaʻu" - nā ʻōpio pōʻeleʻele e holo ana ma ka ʻāʻī, ʻo ka manawa pinepine ke ʻike ʻia aku lākou i kahi manawa māmā me nā kala māmā, ma nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole i hiki iā lākou ke hele pū mai, akā ʻaʻole loa i haʻi ʻia.

He ʻumi kona lōʻihi, aia nā aniani melemele ma nā maka he brown. Kahi liʻiliʻi ke kino a keu aku nā wahine liʻiliʻi - ʻoi aku ke kūpaʻa o ke kāne a hiki i ka 1 kg, a ʻo ka wahine i ke kiʻekiʻe a 1.5 kg. Maʻalahi loa ʻo Saker Falcon e hilahila me kahi gyrfalcon a peregrine falcon, like like kēia mau manu me ko kekahi.

Makemake ʻo ia e noho i ka anuʻu a i ʻole ka ʻai ala, kahi kuleana i ke koho ʻana i kahi noho no lākou kahi mea i ʻike ai i kahi ulu lāʻau kokoke, ke kahawai a i ʻole nā ​​ʻāpana wai ʻē aʻe me kahi kikowaena i hāmama, e hoʻolilo nei ia kahi wahi i hōʻako ai i nā kumu āpau nui o ka meaʻai. Holoi ʻo ia i kahi radius o 20 km mai ka ohu (kahi lawa nui nui no kahi manu lele).

ʻO ka weheweheʻana i ka loaʻa o kēia mea nāna ka mea maikaʻi

ʻO ka papa ʻai ʻana o ka saker (falco cherrug) e pili ana i nā ʻano ʻano rodents a me nā mamalia liʻiliʻi, keu ka ʻōpala, nā manu, nā manu a me nā mea pōloli kekahi i loko o kona mau mākaʻi.

Piha maoli loa kona helehelena i nā mea i hōʻino ʻia e hiki ke ʻike ʻo kekahi i ke ʻano o ka hoʻomau ʻana o ka nahele i ka wā o ka lele ʻana o ka mea i luna o kona ʻāina. A ʻike ka mea make, holo koke ke falcon i ka wikiwiki, (hiki i ka wikiwiki ke hele a hiki i 250 km / h). Ke hāʻule nei ka hāʻule ma nā kihi ʻākau, akā hāʻule ka pā ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka mea i ʻike ʻia a inā ikaika loa ia, a make ka mea i make ma kekahi wahi, ke emi mau nei kekahi hapa o ke kino.

ʻO ka mea nui, me ka wikiwiki loa, ka mea, ke kuʻi ʻana, ʻaʻole i neʻe i ka wā, akā lawe wale iā ia i kahi kokoke i ka mea i lilo, i mea hiki ke haʻahaʻa loa, no ka mea, e hōʻeha ʻo ia iā ia iho i ka wā. Inā ʻo ka manu ka mea e ʻapu ai, a laila ke kali nei ʻo ia no ka manawa e hāʻule ai i ka lepo.

ʻO kāna piu ikaika, ʻo ia hoʻi me nā mea elastic, e ʻae iā ʻoe e hoʻopiha i kēlā mau pā ikaika loa me ka makaʻu ʻole i kou olakino, kōkua e pale i nā hōʻeha a me nā concussions.

Inā ʻaʻole i lanakila ka mea pepehi i ka pepehi ʻana mai ka pana mua, a laila, ua hoʻokua ʻo ia i kahi lua, e hoʻopau i ka holoholona i ʻoki ʻia, a laila hiki iā ia ke ʻahaʻaina i kāna waiwai i ka wahi a lawe iā ia me ka moʻa.

Holo a me ka lawena o Saker Falcons

ʻOiai ke ʻano kupaianaha o nā manu hoʻohua, ʻānela he manu iki ka manu ma ka helu ʻana i loko o ka Red Book.

E hiki i kēia mau manu ke ʻōpio i ka makahiki hoʻokahi - aia ia no ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka mea e manaʻo i ka wā kahiko a ikaika hoʻi e hoʻomau ai i kāna ʻano ulu a hoʻomaka i ka mālama ʻana i ka hua, kokoke i ka puna e hoʻomaka ai lākou i nā pāʻani.

ʻO kahi mea kupanaha ʻaʻole lākou i kūkulu i kā lākou mau hihiu, ʻoiai i ka wā pāʻani moe kuhi lākou e hoʻoneʻe nei i kā lākou kūkulu. Loaʻa ʻo Saker Falcons i nā nests o nā manu ʻē aʻe, e noho ana ma laila i mau makahiki pū kekahi. Hiki ke maʻalahi nā hihia i ka wā ʻaʻole i loaʻa kekahi o nā Saker Falcons, akā he mau nests kahi kokoke i kahi kokoke.

Hiki i ke kahua, hiki i Saker Falcons ke koho i nā nests aia wale nō ma ka lāʻau, akā ma nā pōhaku - aia kekahi mau lā i ka hopu ʻana o Saker Falcons i nā nawa o nā aeto, e hōʻike iki ana i ko lākou ikaika. Ma hope o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka nīnona makemake ʻia, me ka hoʻopau ʻana i ke kaʻina hana, ka wahine wahine mai ka 1 a hiki i ka 5 huaʻū, he ʻeleʻele a i ʻole he brown ʻue.

ʻO ka pale a me ka hoʻowalewale o nā hua manu, ʻaʻole na ka wahine wale nō, akā na ke kāne pū, ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā kuleana i waena o lākou. Ma hope o ka wā inkubation, e kū mau nei ma ka ʻāina o hoʻokahi mahina, ʻoi nā hua moa. Ma hope o 2 mau mahina, ua lilo nā pīkī e like me ka poʻe makua a hiki ke hana i nā lele pōkole iā lākou iho.

Makemake wau e makemake e kūleʻa ka poʻe i ka mālama ʻana wale nō, akā i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka poʻe o kēia mau manu, pono ka loaʻa i kahi inoa nui e like me kekahi o nā mea hoʻopiʻi weliweli loa i ka lewa.

ʻO ka kumu o ke ʻano a me ka wehewehe

Ua pili ʻia kēia ʻano ma lalo o ke ʻano o ka hoʻoulu ʻia ʻana o ka laina a me ka hoʻopiha piha ʻana i nā laina. ʻAʻole hiki ke manaʻolana i nā haʻawina molekileka me kahi helu liʻiliʻi e hōʻike ʻia nā ʻike kūpono i waena o ka hui. ʻO ke ʻano o nā nīnēnē ola a pau o nā kūpuna o ka Saker Falcon, i hana ʻia ma ka interglacial i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka Late Pleistocene, ʻo ia ka paʻakikī.

Wikiō: Saker

ʻO ka Saker Falcon kahi alaloa e kahe ana mai ka ʻākau ʻUpika ʻAmelika hohonu i ka hikina hema a meʻEulopa ma ka māhele hikina hikina. I ka pio, hiki i ka falcon o Mediterranean a me Saker Falcon hiki ke hōʻino ʻia, ʻokoʻa ka honu ʻia me kahi gyrfalcon hiki. ʻO ka inoa maʻamau no ka saker mai kekahi mai Arapi a ʻo ia hoʻi "falcon".

ʻO ka mea hoihoi: ʻO Saker Falcon he manu haipule Hungarian a me ka manu lele o Hungary. I ka makahiki 2012, ua koho ʻia 'o ia' ka manu ke manu lele ma Mongolia.

ʻO nā pihi ʻo Saker ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o ke kuahiwi o ka puʻuʻo Altai heʻuʻuku nui, he ʻeleʻele a ʻike ʻia i nā wahi haʻahaʻa ma mua o nā lehulehu ʻē aʻe. Ua ʻike ʻia ʻo ia ka inoa ʻo Altai falcon, i ka wā ma mua i manaʻo ʻia he mau iwi ʻē aʻe ʻo "Falco altaicus", a i ʻole he ʻano honu i waena o kahi saker a me kahi gyrfalcon, akā ua hōʻike nā haʻawina hou o kēia ʻano he ʻano o ke saker.

Nui nā chegloks

• ʻO Falco subbuteo subbuteo kahi kanaka maʻamau o kēia ʻano. ʻOi aku lākou makemake e noho i loko o West Africa, a ma loko o ʻEulopa a me Asia, ʻaʻole waiho wale i ka ʻaoʻao hema. He manu lele manuahi kēia subspecies. No ka hoʻoilo, ua haʻalele ʻo ia i kona mau home a hele i ʻAmelika a me Asia.

• ʻO Falco subbuteo streichi kahi mea i hōʻike nui i ke kauoha ʻoi mau ʻia. Noho ia ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o ʻAsia, noho ʻana ma ka ʻaoʻao o Kina a hiki i Myanmar a me Indochina. I ka hoʻoilo, ʻaʻole lākou e lele ma nā wahi a pau.

Nā subspecies o cheglock:

1. ʻO ka cheglok Falrikano Falco cuvierii - kokoke loa kahi kope o ka cheglok maʻamau. Noho ʻo ia ma ʻAfelika.
2. He like like me ka mea maʻamau ka cheglok Falco Australian knlloknis, akā ʻaʻole naʻe nā aniani. Hoʻokomo ʻole ka wahine i nā hua he 3 ma mua o nā waiho ʻana. ʻO Australia, ʻO East Indonesia a me New Guinea kahi noho i kēia puke.
3. Eleonorae Cheglok Eleonora - ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o ka mea maʻamau. Ua kapa ʻia ma hope o ka wahine ʻumi makahiki mai Sardinia, nāna i hoʻopuka i kahi kauoha no ka pale ʻana o kēia mau manu mai nā kānaka aku. Noho lākou i Helene, Kroasia, Sisily, Malta a i ke kahakai ʻo ʻApelika.
4. ʻO ka peni penikala kālā Falco - he mea kū i kahi kala māmā e like me ke kālā. Hānau ia i ʻApelika.
5. ʻO cheglok ʻĀpena leona Oriental - like loa me ka cheglok o Aferika. Noho ana i ka panalāʻau savannah mai ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau-hikina o ʻApelika, nā ʻāina ulu ʻo ʻAmelika a kokoke i ka ʻāpana ākea āpau o Australia.

Nā hiʻohiʻona a me nā hiʻohiʻona

ʻO ke kiʻi: He aha ka mea nānā?

ʻOi aku ka Saker Falcon ma kahi o ka gyrfalcon. Ke hōʻike nei kēia mau manu i ka ʻokoʻa i ka waihoʻoluʻu a me nā hiʻohiʻona, mai ke kolikoli kūwaho kūpono ʻole i kahi ʻōmole a i ʻole ka mea ʻala lepo me nā kīwī a i ʻole nā ​​ala ʻalani. ʻO nā Balabans kahi keʻokeʻo a ʻulaʻula paha i ka lau o loko o nā hulu ʻili. No ka mea ʻoi aku ka kala ma lalo o ka ʻēheu i ka paler, he ʻano kikinena ia i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā pōloli axillary uliuli a me nā ʻāpana o ka hulu.

Kūpono ka nui o nā wahine o Saker ma mua o nā kāne a maʻamau hoʻi ke kaupaona ʻia mai 970 a 1300 g, he lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o 55 cm, mau ʻāpana mau wāwae a 120 ka 130 cm. He ʻoi aku ka pipiʻi a pāpaʻi ʻia mai nā lā 780 a 1090 g, ma ka awelika, he 45cm ka lōʻihi, nā wingpan ʻO 100 a 110 cm he mau aniani nā ʻano he "antennae" ma ke ʻano o nā kao ʻeleʻele ma nā ʻaoʻao o ke poʻo. Ma hope o ka molting i ka lua o ke ola o nā ola, nā ʻēheu, ke kua, a me ka mele o ka manu i loaʻa ai kahi pala uliuli ʻeleʻele. ʻUli a ʻōlaʻulaʻula.

ʻO ka mea hoihoi: ʻokoʻa nā hiʻohiʻona a me ka hoʻonaninani o ka saker ma loko o kona māhelehele ʻana. Ke noho nei nā ʻōiwi ʻEulopa ma ka maikaʻi o nā mea e hānai ai i nā hua kanu, inā ʻaʻole lākou e neʻe i ka hikina hikina a i ʻole hema i ka Hikina Hikina.

ʻO nā ʻēheu o ka balaban ka lōʻihi, ākea a kuhikuhi ʻia, ʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele ma luna o ka ʻihi, ʻōwili a pelu wale. ʻO ka luna o ka huelo he brown brown. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona he poʻo kukui māmā-kala. I loko o ʻEulopa ʻEulopa, ʻike maʻalahi kēia holoholona i nā ʻalani ornithological zones, i nā wahi i loaʻa i ka Mediterranean falcon (F. biarmicus feldeggi), he nui hewahewa o ka hilahila.

Aia e noho ai ka saker?

Kiʻi ʻO: Saker Falcon ma Lūkia

ʻO Balabans (i kapa ʻia ʻo "Saker Falcons") ua loaʻa ma semi-wao a me nā wahi nahele mai East Europe a hiki i Asia Asia, kahi nui o lākou "faleb lehelehe." Hele nā ​​Balabans i nā ʻaoʻao ʻākau o ʻAmelika Hema a me kekahi mau ʻāpana o ʻAmelika no ka hoʻoilo. ʻO ka mea i hala koke nei, ua hoʻāʻo ʻia nā mea aʻoaʻo e hoʻolaha i nā balabans ma ke komohana i Kelemānia. ʻIke ʻia kēia ʻano holoholona ma kahi ākea ma ka ʻāina Palaearctic mai ʻEulopa Hikina a hiki i Komohana Komohana.

Kanakaʻi lākou i:

ʻO nā ʻelele o nā ʻano ʻano hoʻoilo a lele paha i ka:

Ma kahi liʻiliʻi, hiki i nā mea pākahi ke hōʻea i nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe ʻē aʻe. Ke noho nei ka lehulehu o kēia mau kumuhana no ka noiʻi. Aia ʻo Saker Falcons ma nā lāʻau ma kahi kiʻekiʻe o 15-20 mika ma luna o ka ʻāina, i ka paka ma ka paka i ka nahele ākea ma ke kihi o kahi laina lāʻau. ʻAʻohe mea i ʻike i kahi balaban e kūkulu ana i kāna pūnana. ʻO ka maʻamau ka noho ʻana i nā mea nalo o nā manu ʻē aʻe, a i kekahi manawa he lehulehu i ka ʻūlū a noho i nā ʻuʻuku. Ua ʻike ʻia ma nā wahi ākea hiki ʻole i ko lākou ākea, hoʻohana nā mea kani i nā nests ma luna o nā pali pōhaku.

Pālahalaha manu

ʻO ka wahi noho o ka balaban ka wahi ma waena o ʻAsia. ʻO nā ʻano manu na mea maʻamau ma Mongolia, Kazakhstan, Altai, ma nā ʻaoʻao hema o ke Teritori Krasnoyarsk, ma Irkutsk Region, Buryatia, a me Transbaikalia. Loaʻa hoʻi ʻo Balaban i nā ʻāina e like me Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Iran, Afghanistan, China.

I ka hoʻoilo, lele ka nui o ka balaban ʻĀpana ma ʻAitiopa, ka ʻAmelika Arapi, a me Kina komohana. Hōʻailona ka manu Takaʻaka.

I nā wahi āpau o ka wahi, kahi ka nui o ka balaban.

He aha kau e helu ai?

Kuhi: Saker ma ka lele

E like me nā palahalapi ʻē aʻe, ʻo nā balabans nā pihi ʻihi he nui, i hoʻohana nui ʻia e hopu ai i ka waiwai pio. Hoʻohana lākou i ko lākou ikaika ikaika, e kāʻei i ka ʻeke o ka mea ʻai. I ka wā hoʻomaha, hiki i nā mammals liʻiliʻi e like me nā mākelē o ka ʻāina, nā hamsters, ke aniani, nā gerbils, nā hares a me nā pikas ma ke kūloko he 60 a 90% o ka meaʻai o ka mea holo.

Ma nā hanana ʻē aʻe, ʻo nā manu e noho ana ma ka honua, e like me ka puukukū, ke kīleʻe i loko o ka ihu, nā pheasants, a me nā manu lele ʻē aʻe, e like me nā ducks, nā alaka, a me nā manu ʻē aʻe o ka ʻai (nā manu, kestrels, etc.), ka mea o ka 30 a 50% i nā wahi ulu. Hiki ke ʻai ʻo Saker Falcons i nā kīloi nui.

ʻO ka papa kai nui o ka balaban:

Hoʻopili maoli ʻia ʻo Saker no ka hopu ʻana i ka ʻāina ma nā wahi ākea, e hui pū ana i ka wikiwiki wikiwiki me ka maneuverability kiʻekiʻe a, pēlā nō, i loea i ka rodents medium-sized. Wāʻo ia i nā ʻāina kalala ākea, e like me nā ʻāina wao nahele, semi-deses, steppes, agriculture and arid mountain areas.

Ma kahi mau wahi, ʻo ia hoʻi kokoke i ka wai a hiki i nā kaona nui, ke hoʻololi nei ka squirrel i nā manu e like me ka mea nui nui. A ma kahi mau o ʻEulopa, ka ʻaihue ʻo ia ma luna o nā manu kalakalona a me nā rodent home. Mālama ka manu i kāna mea i loaʻa i nā wahi ākea, e ʻimi ana i ka waiwai mai nā pōhaku a me nā kumulāʻau. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka balaban i kona hoʻouka ʻana i nā lele lele, ʻaʻole i hāʻule i ka mea pepehi mai ka lewa, e like me kona mau hoahānau.

ʻIke ʻoe ʻike pehea e hānai ai i kahi manawa. E ʻike i pehea e noho ai ka falcon i ka hihiu.

Mea ʻai

Falcon Saker Falcon - manu lele pio. Hoʻohana ʻia i nā rodents liʻiliʻi (no ka laʻana, nā kākā ʻāina), a me ka hares, nā manu, partridges, ducks, nā ʻaleʻa nui. ʻO nā mea āpau "ʻai" hiki ke makaʻu i ka saker. I ka ʻike ʻana o ka mea pōā i ka falcon ma ka lewa, ʻimi ʻo ia e moe i ka liʻiliʻi a ʻole e waiho i ka lua. I ka manawa like, ʻaʻole ʻo Saker Falcons e ʻimi kokoke i ko lākou mau ʻuʻuku, a me ka makemake me nā mea ʻuʻuku liʻiliʻi e hoʻohana i kēia ʻoiaʻiʻo.

ʻImi ʻo Saker falcon i ka ʻai, e like me ke kānāwai, kokoke i ka wai, kokoke i nā pōhaku a i nā kumulāʻau paha, ʻo ia hoʻi, ma kahi kahi i ʻike ʻia. Lele ke kaumaha i ka mea i make i ka wikiwiki, i kekahi manawa hiki ke hōʻea a ʻelua mau kanalima a me kanalima mau hola. Ke lele nei i ka mea pio, ʻaʻole i lohi ka manu. I kēia hihia, ʻaʻole loaʻa ka hōʻeha i ka mea hōʻeha, ʻo ke kumu holoʻokoʻa kahi ikaika nui a me nā pihi.

Hōʻeu ka manu ʻana i ka mea i hoʻomālamalama me ka wikiwiki o ka uila a aniani mālie: hāʻule i ka kihi ʻākau, ua pā pono ʻo ia i ka ʻaoʻao. Ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, e hoʻomaka koke ka make. Inā ʻaʻole i hana kēia, lawe ka Saker i kahi lua, a laila e pepehi ai i ka mea pepehi. Hoʻopili ka manu i ka meaʻai i kahi a i ʻole e halihali ai i ka pūnana.

Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me nā ʻano hana

Kiʻi: Saker Falcon

ʻIke ʻia ʻo Balaban ma nā ʻulāhele wana, semi-deserto, me nā pā nahele a me nā ʻano ʻēheu hou ʻia me nā lāʻau i puehu ʻia, nā pali a i nā pylons uila paha, kokoke loa i ka wai. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ia ma ka pōhaku a i ʻole kekahi lāʻau kiʻekiʻe, kahi hiki ke maʻalahi e makaʻala i ka ʻāina e hoʻopuni ai no ka hana ʻana.

ʻO Balaban kekahi ʻōleʻa hapa. Huli ikaika nā manu mai ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o ka laʻi i ka ʻano kanu, akā ʻo nā manu no nā ʻāpana he nui aʻe o ka lehulehu i alakaʻi i ka nohona ʻoluʻolu me kahi meaʻai e pono ai. Ka hoʻoilo manu e holo ana i ke kahakai o ke Kaiʻula i Saudi Arabia, Sudan a me Kenya e ʻanuʻu nui ana ma ke komohana o nā kuahiwi nui o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. E lele nui ana nā kihi Saker mai waena o Kepakemapa a Nowemapa, a ʻo ka pihi o ka lele hou ʻana i ka hānai i waena o Pepeluali - ʻApelila, nā mea hope loa i hōʻea i ka hopena o Mei.

ʻO ka mea hoihoi: ʻO ka hopu ʻana me kahi saker kahi ʻano ʻano punahele falconry, ʻaʻole ia he haʻahaʻa o ke kuko i ka hopu ʻana me kahi puaʻa. Hoʻopili ʻia nā manu ma ka mea nona ka mea, no laila he mea mahalo nui ʻia e nā poʻe hahai.

ʻAʻole manu manu nā Saker Falcons. ʻOi aku lākou makemake e hoʻonoho i kā lākou ʻuʻuku ma kahi o nā hua liʻiliʻi ʻē aʻe. Eia naʻe, no ka luku ʻia ʻana o ka makua, kaʻi ʻia ʻana o Saker Falcons e pili kokoke i kēlā me kēia, ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o kēlā me kēia. I nā wahi me ka nui o ka meaʻai, mau nā sakers e pili pinepine ana i kahi kokoke. ʻO ka mamao ma waena o nā pakanikua mai ʻekolu a ʻehā mau pualikini i 0.5 km² i nā neʻe ma kahi mamao o 10 km a i ʻole ma nā kuahiwi mauna a me nā ʻanuʻu. ʻO ka awelika awelika hoʻokahi pākahi a kēlā me kēia 4-5.5 km.

Hoʻopau o nā holoholona

I ka wā o ko ka millennia i hala aku nei, ʻo ke kanaka ka "mōʻī" o ke ao holoʻokoʻa.

• Mālama ʻia ka nui o ka ulu ʻana o ka lehulehu,
• ʻO kahi wale nō ke hiki i kahi hopena koʻikoʻi i ke kaiapuni,
• Ua luku aku nā kānaka i ka hapanui o nā holoholona, ​​ʻaʻohe mea nāna e koho i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me mākou i kēia kuhikuhi,
• Me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ʻenehana, hoʻomaka ka kiʻekiʻe o ka hopena i kahi pahu catastrophic.

ʻAe, ʻoiaʻiʻo, hoʻokahi meteorite a i ke hū ʻana paha o kekahi mau lua pele i hana ʻino nui ʻia a no ka poʻe kānaka a pau "huhū mau i nā ʻaoʻao." ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka poʻe me nā pōʻino kūlohelohe inā ʻaʻole ia e pili ana i ka ikehu nukali.

1. Ma nā ʻāina kahiki āpau, aia kekahi mau palena o nā hana o nā mea hopu,
2. Aia kekahi ʻāpana ʻulaʻula a me nā papa inoa he nui e pili ana i nā meaʻala weliweli a me ka helu ʻana.
3. Hoʻokumu ʻia nā Zapovedniks a hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā polokalamu e mālama i ka nui o nā holoholona o kēlā me kēia holoholona.
4. ʻO nā mea hoʻomehana i manaʻo ʻole ʻole i ka wā e hiki mai ana o nā mea ola a pau e kūleʻa ana i ka hōʻino maikaʻi ʻole o nā mea a me nā hui āpau.

ʻO ka hoʻolālā ʻenehana a me ka hana hou

Whakaahua kiʻi: Falcon Saker Falcon

No ka ʻono ʻana i kahi wahine, komo nā kāne i nā hōʻike hoʻohiwahiwa i ka lewa, e like me nā ʻelele he nui o nā ʻohana falcon. Kāhea nui ʻo Male Saker Falcons i ko lākou mau ʻāina, e walaʻau nui ana. Hoʻopau lākou i ko lākou huakaʻi hōʻike ma ka lele ʻana i kahi kokoke i kahi kahua kūpono. I nā mea hoʻokūkū kokoke loa me kahi hoa hana a i ʻole paha e hoa kime, ka lālau kū i kekahi.

Mālama pinepine nā kamaiki i nā wahine i ka wā hana. ʻOiai hoʻokipa aku i kahi hoa hana hiki ke lele, lele aku ke kāne me ke kau ʻana i kahi mea hopu kiki, a lawe paha mai i ka wahine i ka hoʻāʻo e hōʻike me he mea mālama meaʻai maikaʻi. I loko o ka brood mai nā hua a 2 a 6 paha, akā maʻamau ka helu o lākou mai ka 3 a hiki i ka 5. Ma hope o ka waiho ʻana i ke kolu o ka huaʻala, hoʻomaka ka incubation, e noho ana mai 32 a 36 lā. Ma keʻano holoʻokoʻa, e like me ka hapa nui o nā falcon, ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki o nā keiki o ke keikikāne ma mua o nā kaikamahine.

ʻO ka mea hoihoi: ua uhi ʻia nā pēpē ʻōpiopio i ka fluff a hānau ʻia me ko lākou mau maka i pani ʻia, akā hāmama lākou iā lākou ma hope o kekahi mau lā. ʻElua mau molts iā lākou ma mua o ka hōʻea i ka ʻōpala o nā pākeke. E tupu ana kēia i ka wā e ulu liʻiliʻi ana lākou i hoʻokahi makahiki.

Loaʻa nā wahine i ka wā pahulu ma kahi o hoʻokahi makahiki ma mua o nā kāne. Hoʻomaka nā māka ma waena o nā makahiki he 45 a me 50 mau lā, akā noho ma ka papa hana hale no kahi 30-45 mau lā, a i ʻole kekahi manawa. Inā nui kahi wahi kīnāʻai pilikino, hiki i ka hua ke noho pū no ka manawa.

Ke noho nei i ka pāheu, kuʻi nā moa i ka hoihoi ʻana i nā maka o nā mākua inā ka kahi kaawale, ke anuanu, a pōloli paha. Eia kekahi, hiki i nā wahine ke hana haʻalulu "breakaway" ke paipai i kā lākou keiki e wehe i kā lākou beaks i meaʻai. Aia maikaʻi nā lau, hele a maikaʻi nā ʻoki ma mua o ka ʻohana me ka nele. Ma kahi kīʻaha maikaʻi, lawe pū nā moa i ka meaʻai, a nānā pū kekahi i kekahi i ka wā e hoʻomaka ai ka lele. Ma kahi ʻē aʻe, inā he liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻiʻai, mālama nā pipi i kā lākou meaʻai mai kekahi i kekahi a hiki paha ke hoʻāʻo e ʻaihue i ka meaʻai mai ko lākou mau mākua.

ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o ka balaban

Kuhi: Saker Falcon i ka hoʻoilo

ʻAʻohe mea ʻike mua ʻo Saker Falcons i ka wao i ʻole nā ​​kānaka. He ʻoluʻolu loa kēia mau manu. ʻO kekahi o nā kumu a lākou i makemake nui ʻia e nā poʻe falconers ka mea, e hoʻoholo ana e koho i kahi mea pōʻino, e lilo lākou i mea hoʻomau. ʻO Balaban e hahai ana i kāna pio i loko o ka ulu lāʻau.

I ka wā ma mua, ua hoʻohana ʻia lākou e hoʻouka i nā pāʻani nui e like me ka gazelle. Ua ʻānai ka manu no ka mea i make a hiki i ka pepehi ʻana i ka holoholona. E hoʻomanawanui ana ʻo Saker Falcons, nā mea hopu ʻole. Noho lākou i ka lewa a noho paha no nā hola ma ko lākou puʻuwai, e nānā ana i ka mea pio a hoʻonoho i ka wahi kūpono o kā lākou mea nānā. Hoʻokipa pinepine ʻia nā wahine. I kekahi manawa hoʻāʻo lākou e ʻaihue i kekahi mea mai kekahi i kekahi.

Holo kēia ʻano holoholona:

• ka uila ikaika ma nā laina ikaika,
• ho'ēmi i ka loaʻa o ka hana ma muli o ka nalowale a me ka hemo ʻana o nā hehi ala a me nā pā maloʻo ma muli o ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka mahiʻai ʻana, hoʻokumu i nā kanu,
• i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka nui o ka mālama ʻana i nā hipa, a me kahi hopena o ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i nā nui o nā manu liʻiliʻi,
• hopu no falconry, kahi e pau ai nā kamaʻāina o ka lehulehu.
• ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā pesticides i ka hoʻonā kino ʻana.

ʻO ka makahiki, ʻo ka helu o Saker Falcons i hopu ʻia ma ka pae o 6 825 8 400 mau manu. ʻO kēia mau mea, ʻo ka hapa nui (77%) he mau wāhine liʻiliʻi, ʻimi ʻia e 19% o nā wāhine ʻōpio, 3% o nā kāne liʻiliʻi a ʻo 1% o nā kāne pākeke, kahi e hoʻomāhuahua nei i ka maʻi koʻikoʻi ma ka lehulehu.

Helu

40 mau makahiki i hala aku nei, ua noho ʻo Saker Falcon i nā kai nui o ka wao nahele, ke anuʻu ala a me nā ʻona alahele-ala ala mai ʻAberelika a me Bulgaria a hiki i ka ʻIla ʻIke. I loko o nā ʻanuʻī a me nā ala lāʻau o Eurasia i hoʻomālamalama e ke kanaka, ua ola ʻo ia me ka hoʻōla ma ka "wahine pae aliʻi" a me ka DDT. Akā ua luku ʻia ka mea paʻa e ka molowa o kānaka.

I ka makahiki 70s. hoʻomaka ka hana 'aila olakino ma nā ʻāina ʻo Gāmekia a me nā sheikhs e ulu nui ana ma mua o ko lākou mau maka i ola hou i ka moʻomeheu o ka ponconry mai walaʻa ʻole. ʻO Saker, e like me ka wā e komo mai ai ka poʻe Huns a ma ka wā o ke kaʻaha ʻana o ke aupuni ʻo Genghis Khan, ua lilo ia i hōʻailona no ka mana a me ka waiwai, a ma ka manawa like o ka pīhoihoi o ka aila waiwai. Hoʻomaka lākou e hopu iā Sokolov i nā kaukani a hoʻomaka ka poʻe ʻano e neʻe lūlū a pololei i ka laina pōʻino, hele a hala i lalo.

Aia i ka 70s. Ua nalo aku ʻo Saker Falcons i nā ʻāpana kū o Western Kazakhstan, ma ka 80s. - ma ka nahelehele-holika o ka ʻāina Volga, a ma waena o ke kenekulia 90s. - a ma ke kaona āpau a i nā wahi loea holoʻokoʻa a pau loa o ka ʻāpana ʻEulani. ʻO nā ʻano maʻamau maʻamau, ka mea i manaʻo ʻia ka lehulehu o nā honua he ʻumiʻumi kaukani mau, ua lilo nui loa ia, ʻo ka nui o ia manawa ʻaʻole he 15 tausani mau pālua. Ma Lūkia, ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ma mua o 2,000 mau pālua huna, i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻo ia ma Siberia hema.

Ke ʻano o ka noho ʻana a me nā ʻano

ʻO ke kiʻi: He aha ka mea nānā?

Ua hoʻomaka ʻia kahi hōʻike o nā ʻike i loaʻa i ka heluna kanaka ākea he 17,400 - 28,800 mau pūʻulu puaʻa, me nā helu he nui loa ma Kina (3,000-7,000 mau pālua), ʻo Kazakhstan (4,808-5,628 mau kihi), ʻo Mongolia (2792-6980 mau kime) a me Rūdea (5700- 7300 mau poho). Kuhi ʻia kahi lehulehu o ʻEulopa ma 350-500 mau pālua, he mea e kū ana ʻo 710-990 pākahi kanaka. Ke ulu nei ka nui o ka heluna kanaka ma ʻEulopa a ma Mongolia paha, akā, ʻo ke ʻano he demographic holoʻokoʻa e manaʻo ʻia ana he hewa.

Inā mākou e manaʻo e lōʻihi ka makahiki o ka hanauna 6.4, a ua hoʻomaka ka helu o kēia mau holoholona i ka hāʻule (i ka liʻiliʻi ma kekahi mau wahi) a hiki i ka 1990s, ke ʻano nui o ka heluna kanaka ma mua o 19 mau makahiki o ka makahiki 1993-2012 e pili ana i ka emi ʻana o 47% (e like me nā koho maemae) me ka hōʻemi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o 2-75% i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Hāʻawi ʻia i ka maopopo ole o ka manaʻo nui e pili ana i ka nui o nā mea i manaʻo ʻia, e like me ka ʻike mua, ua hōʻemi ʻia kēia ʻano e ka liʻiliʻi o 50% ma mua o nā hanauna he ʻekolu.

ʻO ka mea e mahalo ai: makemake ʻo Saker Falconers iā Balobanov no ka nui o kā lākou nui, kahi e alakaʻi ai i ka ʻike ʻole ʻana o ka wahine ma waena o nā puʻu ʻōiwi. Ma ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo ka 90% o nā aneane he 2,000 mau mea i hoʻopili ʻia i kēlā me kēia makahiki i ka wā o ka hoʻoilo o ka hoʻoilo.

Hōʻowehua kēia mau helu ʻana, ʻoiai ua hopu ʻia a lawe ʻole ʻia kekahi mau keler wae, no laila, ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka helu ʻoi o ka make i loko o kēlā me kēia makahiki. ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o ke kaʻa e hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia, no laila ʻo ka hapa nui o ka mau lālani saker ma kahi o ka makahiki hoʻokahi makahiki. Eia kekahi, he nui nā falconers e hoʻokuʻu i kā lākou mau holoholona, ​​no ka mea i nā mahina kauwela wela he paʻakikī ke mālama iā lākou, a he nui nā manu hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia e holo aku.