I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka manawa hana, ua hoʻololi nā ʻōpuni gula i kā lākou plumage. Loaʻa kā lākou incumpicuous plumage i kahi kala māmā. ʻO ka umauma o ke kāne ua uhi ʻia i nā hulu ʻeleʻele, ma luna o ke keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo ma nā ʻaoʻao, a lilo ka ʻaoʻao luna i gula. Ma hope o ka hoʻi ʻana mai i nā wahi hoʻoilo, loaʻa ka manu i nā hoa pili. Ke hoʻomau nei nā ʻale i ke ola. ʻO ka hana a ke kāne ke hoʻomaopopo a mālama i ka ʻāina i kūpono i ke kūkulu ʻana i kahi pānaʻi. I ka loaʻa ʻana o ia, ua ʻeli ke kāne i nā lua make ma ka lepo me ka pākuʻu pū. Ua koho ka wahine i ka mea kūpono loa mai ia lākou a hoʻonohonoho i kahi pūnana i loko ona. I ka hope o ka hula ʻaʻa mare, hāʻule ka male i ka lepo ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka wahine a holo pū lāua pū no kekahi manawa. Hoʻonui ka wahine i ka fossa i koho ʻia, laina iā ia me ka mauʻu a ma hope o 3 mau wiki e waiho ai i nā hua he 3-4 i loko. Hoʻololi nā ʻōiwi ʻelua i kēlā me kēia i ke ʻano kupaianaha: i kekahi manawa he mau kāne i loko o kahi pūnana i ka lā, a ʻo ka wahine hoʻi i ke ahiahi, a e loli mau ana lākou i loko o ke ao. Ma hope o 28-31 lā, ʻoki nā keikikāne, ulu nui a wikiwiki koke e hele pū me kā lākou mau mākua i nā hoʻolaha no ka meaʻai. Mālama nā manu makua i nā pipi i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me ka ʻimi ʻana i nā meaʻai. Hiki i nā mea kaupaona mahina ke hala, a ma hope o hoʻokahi makahiki, ua hiki i ka wā ʻōpiopio, hana lākou i kā lākou mau ʻohana.
MEA LOA
Nā honu gula ʻono i nā wīwau o ke kaha taiga. Aia ka nui o nā wahi kahu lawaiʻa ma ka alpine tundra o nā Scandinavian Peninsula. I ke kauwela he nui nā iniseti - meaʻai manu. Ua hoʻonohonoho kekahi mau ʻohana manu e kū nei i Central Central no ka noho ʻana ma Kelemānia. I ka hoʻoilo, ʻike ʻia nā pua o nā ʻakoe ma luna o ka ʻōpala o nā pā a hiki i nā ʻāina i loaʻa ʻia e ka waipala.
HE MEA KUKAI
I ka hele ʻana o nā mākua i ka ʻona ʻai, ua waiho wale ʻia nā moa. No ka mea aia ka nīnū ma ka lepo, koho pū lākou i ka ʻimi ʻana i nā meaʻai ola: nā pepeke, millipedes a me nā kolo. I ka noho ʻana o kekahi o nā mākua i ka hua, hoʻopau ʻo ia i ka lā a me ke ao ma ka ʻimi. I ka hoʻoilo, ʻo ka ʻai nui no nā plovers gula i nā pōpopo, a i ka hoʻoilo-hoʻoilo-kauwela ke hua, nā hua a me nā mea hihiu.
ʻO ka wehewehe pōkole
He manu keleawe i ka manu he lei mai ke kauoha charadriiformes. E pili ana i ke kauoha he nui mau ʻohana i hui ʻia ma lalo o ka inoa ʻo Charadriiformes, a me nā huaʻāina Charadriiformes e loaʻa i nā kuhi he 4 mau mea. ʻOi loa, kahi plover gula, i ka Latin Pluvialis apricaria, ua helu ʻia he subspecies hema.
No ke kīpē gula, ʻaʻole nui loa kahi nui i keʻano. ʻAʻoleʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o kona kino ʻoi aku ka 29 cm. ʻO ka paona loa hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia he 220 g. ʻO nā eheu o kahi manu mai ka 65 a 76 cm. He poʻo poepoe poʻomanaʻo ka manu, he kino ākea a he mau wāwae manawaleʻa elongated.
Kāleka
Ke loli ka kala o ka manu ma ke ola. ʻO ka ʻaoʻao ma luna (ke poʻo, ka ʻāʻī, ke kua a me ka ʻāpana o ka huelo) a he hina hina. Pēlā ke kōkua ʻana o ia pala i ka pahu gula me ke ʻano e hoʻopuni ana iā ia, mai ka ʻenemi. I ka wā moe, ua ʻoluʻolu nā kāne i nā hulu ʻeleʻele i lei ʻia e ke kao ʻae keʻokeʻo. Hiki i kahi wahi ʻomaka ke hoʻomaka ma ka ʻāʻī, ma lalo o ka nuku, a lele i loko o nā ʻōpū a pau i ka huʻu ʻo ia iho. Hoʻohālikelike nā kala hoʻohālikelike i nā kāne a loaʻa ai nā wahine. ʻO ka wahine, e like me ke kāne, loaʻa pū kekahi wahi ʻeleʻele i loko o kona ʻōpū. Akā ʻaʻole hiki i ka palapu a me ke kapaʻeleʻele, no laila ʻaʻole ia e ʻike ʻia.
Hoʻomoe mau ke kala moe me nā kāne kokoke a hiki i ka hopena o ʻAukake. Hoʻololi ia, hoʻololi ʻia e ka hulu "hoʻoilo." Ma ka manawa hānai (mai ka waena a hiki i ka mahina o Iune) aia mau nō kahi ʻoni ʻeleʻele maikaʻi, a ma mua o ka haʻalele (ʻo Kepakemapa), ua pau ka hoʻololi o ka lole lole.
ʻOkoʻa iki ka peleki gula ʻōpiopio. I nā moa, uhi ʻia ka ʻōpū me kahi hulu keʻokeʻo. A ʻo ke kua he hina hina-gula, me nā keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo. ʻO ka ulu liʻiliʻi ʻo ke kala'ōmaʻomaʻo pālua o ka umauma a me ka ʻōpū me nā lau ʻeleʻele liʻiliʻi. ʻAʻohe ʻōpio ʻōpiopio ka ʻōpio ʻōpiopio.
Loaʻa i ke kala gula gula ke kala i ka makahiki hoʻokahi. I kēia manawa, hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā holoholona ʻōpio mai nā hoahānau kahiko wale nō ma ke ʻano o ka lele a me nā hulu manu. Ma nā manu kahiko, ua pāhoʻi a ka hulu.
I kahi manu, ua kiʻi ke kiʻi i lawe ʻia i ka lele, ʻike ka mana o nā ʻāpana kiʻekiʻe a me lalo. He ʻaʻahu kāhiko gula ke kala, a i ke kala hoʻoilo, ke keʻokeʻo ka ʻaoʻao o lalo o ka ʻēheu, me nā hulu ʻulaʻula ma ka hope.
Kahele
Makemake nā punahele gula i nā wahi malaka, nā wahi kuahiwi, nā wahi noho ʻole a ʻole ka tundra. Ka ʻāpana ʻāina - ʻEulopa ʻĀina. Hoʻolāleʻa nā manu ma nā Piritona Pelekane a ma nā komohana o Komohana a me Hema o ʻEulopa. I ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ua puka mai nā palena o Iceland a me Great Britain, i ke kikowaena o Siberia. Ma ʻEulopa Hikina, ua nalowale kēia manu.
Ma ka laulā, nā manu mai ka ʻohana Plover i maʻalahi loa e mālama ʻia ma nā kahakai kahakai o ka ʻoni. Hoʻopilikia ʻia kēia mau ʻāina i ka wā o nā kaha kiʻekiʻe, a ma hope o ke koena nui he nui i waiho ʻia nā meaʻai.
He aha kā lākou mea e ʻai ai
He ʻokoʻa like ka ʻai o kēia ʻano manu. ʻO ka papa kuhikuhi nui he mau nāpona, nā ʻōpū a me nā kahe. Hiki i kēia hānai e loaʻa i nā nui lehulehu ma ka ʻāina. ʻAi ʻia ʻo Golden Plover i ka nui o nā pīpī, nā ʻano like ʻole, nā ʻōpala a me nā ʻalā. Hiki ke ʻai i nā ʻūlū liʻiliʻi. Hoʻomaha e hoʻomaha ana i ka wā o ka neʻe ʻana, e ʻai ʻo ka plover gula i nā mollusks a me nā crustaceans. Aia hoʻi nā meaʻai i nā mea kanu, akā ma ka liʻiliʻi. Hiki ke lilo i nā hua, nā mea kanu ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me nā hua pā o nā huaʻai.
Ke noho maʻamau
Noho pinepine ʻo Golden Plovers i nā kolone, e loaʻa ai nā ʻelele o nā mea ʻē aʻe wale nō, akā o nā mea ʻē aʻe. Hiki i nā curlews a i ʻole nā kukuna. Ma nā wahi i aloha ʻia ai, hoʻi mai ka ʻano i ka kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻoilo melemele. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia ka nuku o ka manu ma nā ʻalohi hou o ka lepo. ʻO ka hapanui pinepine lākou i nā ʻāʻī palu (nā puʻu) a i ʻole ka wāwae o nā pine. Koho ʻia nā wahi i ʻole he grassy, a haʻalele i ka pili o nā lāʻau a me nā wahi wai kūpono. Eia nō naʻe, he ʻāina maloʻo loa me nā mea kanu ʻino o nā mea plovers gula ʻaʻole ia e like me ko lākou makemake. Nui nā mea plovers e hoʻi ana i ka wahi i noho ma ka ʻāina. ʻO ka wā noho o ka launa ʻana a me ka hoʻokumu ʻana ʻelua.
Lele nā manu e hopu i ka wā o ke ao, akā inā he liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, a laila hiki i nā ʻōpio gula ke kiʻi i ke ahiahi.
ʻO ka holo ʻana o ka pūnāwai gula ma ko lākou wahi kama'āina e hoʻomaka ana mai Malaki a hiki i ka lua o ʻApelila. I ka wā ngahulu, lele nā manu i nā wahi ʻoluʻolu loa i Kepakemapa - Nowemapa.
Pehea ka leo leo o kahi ʻala gula?
ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole ka hoʻokūkū o ke gula gula i ka nightingale, akā ke piha nei kāna mele i kahi ʻano o ka leʻaleʻa. ʻO ke mele a ke kāne i kapa ʻia ʻo ia ʻo ke live streaming. Aia ʻo ia i luna nui i ka lewa a lele, lele pū i kona mau ʻēheu. Loaʻa mau ʻia nā mele ʻaina mare i ʻelua mau wahi pālua. Ma ka māhele mua, hana ka kāne i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻelua mau syʻelima mau māmā. He wahi nani a nani kēia, i hana pinepine ʻia i nā manawa liʻiliʻi. ʻO ka ʻāpana ʻelua o nā ʻāpana o kēia mau wikiwiki, a ua kani nā uʻe me ke kani ʻole.
Inā hopohopo ka manu i ka pili, a laila loaʻa ka pīpī i kahi leo hoʻonāukiuki maikaʻi. I kēia hihia, ʻo nā leo nā leo monosyllabic, lehulehu a me ka monotonous. Me nā whistles monosyllabic like ʻole, ke kani nei nā papale gula i loko o kaeke.
ʻAno hānau
Hoʻomaka ka South Golden Plover e waiho nei i loko o 1-2 mau makahiki. ʻO nā manu he mau makahiki i holo mai ke kauwela a i ke kauwela. Ma hope o ke koho ʻana i kahi no ka nano, hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā manu me ka uhi o nā mea kanu. E hoʻolōʻihi i ka wahine i nā hua he 4, ka waena ma waena o hiki iā 2-4 nā lā. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o nā hua ma kahi o 52 mm; ʻo kā lākou kala he melemele. I kēia hihia, kokoke nā wahi poloka i kokoke i ka laka o ka atā.
E noho ka ʻohana o nā ʻoki palaka ma luna o kahi mau lā 30 mau lā. Hana a male a ka wahine i kēia. A laila ʻike ʻia nā mea moa, mai nā lā mua mai e hōʻike i ke kūʻokoʻa. ʻO nā manu liʻiliʻi, nona ka kiʻi i hōʻakei i ke ʻano o ka manaʻo, ʻoiaʻiʻo, hiki koke i kā lākou meaʻai ponoʻī. Pono lākou e mālama i nā mākua e pale aku iā lākou iho mai nā mea wānana. Pono e ʻōlelo wau he mea wiwi nā manu polio! Ke alakaʻi kūʻokoʻa lākou i ka poʻe neʻe mai ka nalo me nā moa keiki, me ka hoʻopunipuni a hōʻeha lākou. I ka manawa like, hōʻoia lākou e hoʻokaʻawale ka mamao ma waena o lākou a me ka mea nāna i hopu, no laila e nalowale ʻole ka hoihoi a hoʻi ʻole i ka ʻōpū.
Ikaika a me nā ana palekana
ʻAʻole iʻoi aku ka nui o nā palaha gula ma waena o Rūsia ma mua o 2 tausani mau pālua. I ka manawa manawa o ka pūnāwai a me ka lūlū o ka hele ʻana, e pili ana i 500 mau kānaka kū i ka palena o ko mākou ʻāina. ʻO ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka nui o kahi gula gula ma muli o ka pana a me ka nalowale i nā wahi no ka pili.
No ka mea ua palena ʻia ka nui o ka puhou gula, a hāʻule ka helu i ka helu ʻana i ka manu i loko o ka Red Book o Russia.
KAOLAHA
Ma kahi mau wahi o ka lula, nā manu gula e manu ana nā manu migratory. I ka wā lele, hōʻuluʻulu nā manu i nā holoholona, helu ʻia mai 50 a 5,000 mau kanaka. I ke awakea ʻAukake, hoʻomaka nā pahu gula e lele i ka lele. ʻO nā manu, nona nā wahi kūlima e kū ana ma ke kūkulu ʻākau, e hele lākou i UK a me nā aupuni o ke Mediterranean, mai kahi a lākou e hoʻi hou nei i ka pūnāwai i hala. Noho ka liʻiliʻi o nā mea gula gula ma ke kūkulu ʻākau o ka ʻāina ma nā ʻāpana ʻāmaʻomaʻo ma nā wahi hema, ʻaʻole i mamao loa i nā wahi huna.
Ma mua o ka lele ʻana o ke kolamu, ua kāwili ʻia ke kōpei gula a me ka "lole" i kahi lole mahana, ma nā aniani o ka ʻūhā a me ka umauma.
Aia i hea kona hale
Ma Lūkia, aia nā wēlau gula hema hema wale nō ma nā mākaukau a me ke komohana ʻākau: Kaliningrad, Novgorod, Pskov, Tver a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. Kuhi ʻia nā pūnaewele nui i ka Valdai Upland. Hele aku nā lākela gula i ka hoʻoilo ma nā kahakai o Western a me ʻekema Hema, Algeria a me Maroko. Ma waho o ka Russian Federation, e hoʻonui aku ka laulā mai Iceland a i Fennoscandia a me Pelekane Nui. I ka manawa ma mua, ua hele like ka ʻano o nā holoholona ma Central Europe, akā i kēia lā ʻaʻole loa ia i ʻike ʻia ma ʻaneʻi. Makemake nui kēia manu liʻiliʻi e noho i nā ʻāina me nā ʻōpala, māloʻu maloʻo a ʻōpala hoʻi.
Nā hōʻailona waho
He Southern medium Plover ka Southern Plover, nona ka lōʻihi o ke kino ma waena o 25 a 30 cm, a ʻo kona paona he 220 g. He huluhulu manu hulu nani nā manu, i ka manawa like e lilo ana i ko lākou ʻano kūlike maikaʻi. ʻO ka leo hina-hina a i ʻole ke kala gula me nā lehelehe he nui e hūnā i ka palu i waena o nā mea kanu lāʻau, e kōkua ana e hūnā mai nā ʻenemi.
I ka pūnāwai, i ka wā e moe ai, ua hoʻololi nā kāne i kā lākou lole maʻamau i kahi ʻoi aku ka pīhoihoi a me nā kiʻi. I kēia manawa, ʻike ʻia nā wahi ʻeleʻele ma ko lākou ʻāʻī a me ka umauma, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia e ke kaʻo keʻokeʻo e lōʻihi ana mai ke kumu o ka beak a e pālahalaha kokoke ana i ka huelo. Pili nā poʻe a pau e huki i kahi wahine a hana i ʻohana.
I loko o ke Kauka ʻAmelika o Lūkia
He pīpī laha liʻiliʻi ʻo ia ka paʻakai ma ka leʻaleʻa liʻiliʻi. ʻO kekahi hoʻoweliweli koʻikoʻi nui i nā manu ʻo ia ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o nā ʻōpala a hoʻololi i ko lākou wahi noho kūlohelohe. I nā pops hoʻomohala hoʻomohala, ʻaʻole i ʻike kaheʻe ʻia ka Golden Plover.
Hoʻomoe ka ʻāina, ka hoʻomohala kūhuahua i ka ʻāina me ka hoʻomehana honua o ke ʻano kekahi o nā mea e hoʻoikaika nui i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka nui o nā manu o kēia ʻano. I ke aniani, kūpono ka noho ʻana no ka pili ʻana i ka hema o Plover Hema mālaʻi, ulu ka nui me nā mea kanu haole, he wahi hoʻololi i ka microrelief. Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi hana koʻikoʻi e ke kumu o ka hopohopo ma ka ʻaoʻao o ke kanaka, a me ka wānana mua ʻana i nā manu ʻē aʻe, ka mea make nui. ʻO ka huina o kēia mau ʻano ma Rūnū he 1,500–2,000 mau pālua ʻelua.
Nā hiʻohiʻona a me nā noho
Kūpono nā ʻelele o ka ʻohana plover e noho i nā wahi anu i ka honua. Kolo ʻia ko lākou wahi ma ke kūkulu ʻākau o Lūkia, Kanada a me Alaska a i kekahi mau wahi i hiki i ka Arctic Circle.
Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike aku i kēlā manu ma nā ʻāina Scandinavian a ma ke kūkulu ʻākau o Kelemania. Ma mua, ua loaʻa iā lākou i loko o Central Europe i nā helu he nui, akā i kēia manawa hiki iā ʻoe ke hālāwai me ia ma o ka ʻenemi wale nō.
Me he manu lā waiho waʻuhele Koho ʻo ia i nā kahua ākea nui e hiki ai iā ia ke neʻe me ka lele ʻana a me nā mokulele pōkole. Penei kona hana i ka wā ʻaʻole pono ia e hana i nā kau hoʻoilo i nā keʻena mahana.
I ka hoʻoilo, ua hana kēia mau manu i nā huakaʻi lōʻihi a laila makemake lākou e kali i nā mahina ʻoluʻolu loa ma ʻEnelani, ʻAmelika, a ʻo nā kahakai a me nā ʻona hoʻi e pili ana i nā panalāʻau o ʻEulopa ʻEulopa.
I kekahi manawa lohi lākou a hiki i loko o Caucasus a me Central America. ʻO ka maʻamau, makemake nā ʻano o nā plovers i nā ʻanuʻu like ʻole o nā mokulele. No ka mea, ʻoi aku ka makemake o nā ʻōiwi ʻoniʻoni i ka noho i loko o ʻAmelika, akā ʻo ka ʻaluwela i ka hoʻoilo ma ʻEnelani he nui a piha hoʻi i ka gula gula.
Ola ʻo Plover i nā ʻōpala a me nā ʻāpana o ka māla, ʻoi aku ka makemake o nā kahawai wai. I kekahi manawa koho ke kālai nei i ke ola a hiki i nā ʻāina kahe ʻana i ka wai i ka wā o ke kaiakū. ʻAe kēia iā lākou e loaʻa meaʻai.
KUPONO NA INOA HUI, KAHAKUI.
- Ke hele aku nei ke kolamu gula i nā manu mai ke kauoha Ciconiiformes, akā ʻaʻole hele i hele ma ka wai.
- Ka pale ʻana i ka ʻāina, hoʻouka pinepine ka palupalu i kahi hakakā me kahi koʻolima, kahi, no ka like ʻole o nā pūʻali o ka neʻe ʻana, ka mea maʻamau. ʻO kekahi manawa i ka palaka, i mea e hoʻohuli i ka manaʻo o kahi predator mai ka nuku, ke hoʻohilahila nei ua uhaʻi kona ʻēheu.
- ʻO kekahi mau lālā o nā ʻoki kolo i ka wā lōʻihi e lanakila ana me ka haki ʻole mau tausani kilomita.
- Hōʻike pinepine nā poki kāne a me ka wahine i nā moa i kēlā me kēia, a laila hānai kēlā i kēlā "i kā lākou mea ponoʻī".
ʻĀpana gula
Kahi liʻiliʻi ka pālō liʻiliʻi ma mua o kahi paʻu. Loaʻa nā kala melemele gula i ka wā o ka māla a he helehelena ʻokoʻa. ʻEleʻele ʻia ko lākou ʻōpū, me kahi ʻāʻī ʻeleʻele e pāpā ʻia e ke kaula keʻokeʻo e pihi ana mai ka lae a mau ʻaoʻao o ka hana. Ke kulu ʻia ka wili o ke kino me ka ʻeleʻele a me ka ʻula melemele, nā palena a me nā ʻono. ʻO kā lākou mau ehepa he 67-76 cm.ʻinikini maʻamau nā tundra, nā wahi ʻai kuahiwi, nā wahi wai pīkī. Ma waho o Lūkia, hiki i nā meaʻala ke loaʻa ma ka ʻāina mai Iceland a i ka UK. Ma mua o ka hoʻoilo a hōʻea lākou i ke kūkulu hema o ʻEulopa, akā i kēia manawa ʻaʻole lākou i loaʻa pinepine i kēlā mau wahi. Kūkulu nā puna poli gula i nā pālua paʻa, kēlā me kēia me kona mokuna. Ma Iceland, kahi hiki ke hōʻea ke gula he hōʻailona no ka pūnāwai e hiki mai ana.
Ma Lūkia, e hāholo ana nā ʻano ʻehā ma ka hikina i ke kahawai ʻo Khatanga, ʻo ka palena ʻākau o ka hoʻoili ʻana a hiki i nā kaila 70th a 72nd. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā nests ma kahi ākea, i loko o kahi puʻu he 4 huaʻai, he melemele lākou-ʻōmaʻomaʻo, me kahi ʻōuli ʻeleʻele.
KA MANAO O KOLOHE O NUI Plover. NA PALAPALA HOOPII
Wahine: like me kahi kāne, ʻaʻole wale nā hōʻailona ʻeleʻele ma ka ʻaoʻao o ke kino.
Kāne: ʻeleʻele nā pāpālina, ʻāʻī a me ke kino āpau ma lalo, e kū i waho i ka wā o ka hoʻomoe. ʻO ka ʻaoʻao ma luna o ke kino he brown, ʻeleʻele hoʻi, me nā kiʻi gula liʻiliʻi a me ka maʻamau. I ka hoʻoilo, ua nalowale ka hulu ʻeleʻele ma ka ʻaoʻao o ke kino, e keʻokeʻo ai ka plumage. I ka laulā, ʻo ka lole hoʻoilo he monochrome.
ʻLelo: Noho ka wahine i nā hua māmā he 3-4 me ka ʻulaʻula a me nā ʻulaʻula hina.
Kāhu: ʻo ka wahine a me ke kāne ua waiho i ka lua i ka ʻāina me ka mauʻu.
- kahi i noho ai i ka palaki gula
KA MEA O KA MEA PONO noho
Pipi ma Iceland, Scandinavia, Pelekānia Nui, ʻĀina, ʻĀpana Kelemānia, nā mokuʻāina Baltic a me Russia. ʻO Winters ma UK a me nā ʻāina o ka Middle (ʻo ʻEulopa a me ʻAmelika).
KAUPUNI A ME KA PONO
Ua paʻa maoli ka nui o ka lehulehu o ka plover north, a he ʻemi ka lūlū o ka hema hema ma muli o ka hōʻemi o kā lākou pae.
Plover ʻano a me ke ʻano ola
ʻO Golden Plover he mālamā ma waena o ka ʻohana waders. He pā nui ka mea e hiki ai ke hoʻokaʻawale i nā mea paʻakikī, e like me nā pūhaka liʻiliʻi.
ʻO ke kala hina ke ʻano o nā kala o ka hulu, akā i ke kauwela kāne he nui loa ka ʻōniu o ka maka. Paʻi kēia manu i kona ola a pau i ke anuanu, a loli pinepine nō hoʻi nā wahi i ka ʻāina, kahi a lākou e like me ka hapa nui o ka poʻe kahe, holo wikiwiki loa i kēlā me kēia pua.
I ka hoʻoilo, lele ka pīpī ma luna, e noho mau ana i loko o ʻEulopa ʻEulopa. ʻO ka pinepine ke koho iā ʻEnelani no ka hoʻoilo. Ke alualu nei ka wikiwiki gula ma ka holo ʻana hiki i 50 km / h.
Kahi mea ʻē, he waho a pōpō i waho, ʻoluʻolu loa, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o ke gula. I kāna plumage aia nā hui like a maikaʻi loa. Ma kona kua ua holo ʻo ia i ka lālani keʻokeʻo, a ʻo ke kāʻei ka mea he gula gula wale nō.
I nā ala he nui, alakaʻi ʻo ia i ke ʻano o ke ola e like me kona kaikuahine, akā ke hoʻolilo ʻo ia i nā mokulele i kahi mamao loa. I ka manawa like, ʻaʻole e nānā ka poli i ka browned eʻai i ka mea ʻai a me ka mea ʻai, a ʻaʻole kū i ka mea hana a hiki i ka neʻe ʻana o ʻAmelika Hema.
Eia kekahi ʻano o nā charadriiformes, kahi maʻamau i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ma nā ʻano he nui no ka nui o kēia mau ʻano like ʻole o kēia mau manu. Eia naʻe naʻe, kokoke ia mākēne kāne kanaka maʻamau a no ka ʻohana like.
He ʻulaʻula keʻokeʻo a ʻeleʻele a ʻeleʻele paha a keʻokeʻo ia i ka meaʻai mai nā mea kanu aku, no laila ke kokoke loa ka pili i nā kino wai ma mua o nā subspecies. Eia nō naʻe, loaʻa iā ia ka ʻai na ka hoʻolulima wikiwiki i ka wā e holo ana, a i ʻole nā waʻa pōkole.
Ke keokeo
Plover keʻokeʻo (Chionis alba). Habitat - Antarctica. Wingspan 80 cm Kauka 780 g
ʻO kēia mau manu he kamaʻāina o nā subarctic a me arctic latitude. Ma muli o nā ʻukia i kū mai me nā "pōkole", ua kapa ʻia e nā mea noiʻi o ka ʻĀkau i nā mea paʻapū keʻokeʻo "ka mea lawe hua." ʻO kekahi hiʻohiʻona ʻano manu o kēia mau manu ʻoiai he manu maʻamau nā plover, he hopohopo loa e iho i loko o ka wai, makemake lākou e holo pū me nā moku, i kekahi manawa e lele ana i mau haneli mau mile i uka.
ʻAʻole makaʻu iki nā palaka keʻokeʻo i nā kānaka, aia no ka mea ākea loa lākou. Noho lākou i nā pali kahakai, hoʻonohonoho i nā noho ma ko lākou mau puʻu a me nā kaumaha, a me ka ʻoluʻolu e hoʻohana i nā lua o nā kukui. ʻAi lākou i ka meaʻai holoholona, ʻaʻole hoʻowahāwahā a me ka kalaka, pinepine nā hale i hānai ʻia. He wahine wahine keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo me kahi kikowaena o nā lā he mau lā 2-3 hua. Hoʻomaka ʻo ka manu e hoʻoiho i ka wā ma hope o ka waiho ʻana i ka mua, a ola ʻo ka pipi ʻoki mua.
Kukui Plover
Palapala crayfish (Dramas ardeola). Habitat - ʻĀsia, ʻApelika. Lā 40 cm Kaukaha 330 g
ʻO ka ʻimi manuahi ka mea hele wale nō i kēia ʻohana manu. Noho ka manu ma nā kahakai o ke kai kai o ʻAsia a me ʻAmelika, e noho ana i nā kolone nui. Loaʻa nā pelu ʻai i ka meaʻai ma ke kaʻe o ka heʻe, a i loko o ka wai pāpaku. ʻAiola lākou i ka mollusks a me nā momi, ka ʻiliʻuku, kahi e puka ai ko lākou inoa. ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana i ka ʻai, ua kāwele ka manu i ka mania o ka ʻili a i ʻole me kahi puʻupuʻu pōkole akā ikaika loa a paʻa hoʻi i nā manaʻo.
ʻO nā ʻuā crayfish, kahi paha wale nō nā māka o ka detatsment holoʻokoʻa, ʻaʻole "alakaʻi" i nā moa, akā hānai iā lākou i loko o nā nīnū. ʻO nā ʻuʻuku he mau pōkō lōʻihi (i kekahi manawa ʻoi aku ma mua o 2 mau mika ka lōʻihi) e ʻeli nā manu i loko o nā pā one me kā lākou mau ʻōpū. Hoʻopau nā puna kuamona me nā lumi moe, kahi i moe ai ka wahine ma kahi o ka nui keʻokeʻo nui. Noho ka pua i ka moʻo a hiki i ka nui.
Mea ʻai
ʻĀpana gula ʻai i kekahi ʻano o nā iniseti nui, mai nā manu i nā mea ʻona. ʻAʻole huna ʻo ia i nā snails, akā i ka manawa like - me nā ʻano āpau, nā ʻano niu a me nā hua. Ke hele ka honu gula i ka wā hoʻoilo o ka hoʻoilo, nohoʻo ia i kahakai ʻo Pelekane a hānai i nā crustaceans.
I kekahi manawa ke kālai ʻia ke kala gula i nā hua o nā mea kanu, kā lākou hua a me nā pua ʻōmaʻomaʻo. Ma keʻano holoʻokoʻa, hiki i kāna meaʻai o nā ʻano āpau o Charadriiformes ke manaʻo ʻia i ka like ʻole. Brown-winged plover Makemake ʻo ia e ʻai i nā mea inikini, snails a me nā crustaceans, akā eʻai loa i nā ʻāpana o nā mea kanu lōlihi.
Eia kekahi, ma muli o ke ʻano, i kāna meaʻai, ke mālama ʻo ia i nā mea kanu, ua noho ʻia ka wahi nui e nā huaʻa. Ua makemake iki ʻo ia i nā pua a me nā hua ma mua o ke gula.
ʻO nā papa, ma ke ʻano he mea nui e nānā pono ai i nā snails, mollusks a me nā invertebrates. ʻAi ʻo ia i nā mea kanu i ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o ka gula ʻolokama ke ʻano he kānāwai, e ʻai ana i kā lākou mau hua a hua manu paha.
Kūlou Lūkini. Nā leo o nā kani. Kūlou Lūkini. Na leo leo o bog. Wikiō (00:07:17)
No kekahi mau miliona makahiki, kēlā me kēia pūnāwai i loko o ke kahe o kēia mau leo. (prologue: he ʻikepili i ka nahele, ʻoi aku: curlew, keokeo ʻeleʻele, nā cranes, lark, lapwing, ke kala gula, i nā moʻolelo (lemu): ʻelua osprey ma kahi ʻē) No nā miliona mau makahiki, kēlā me kēia pūnāwai, ua piha ʻia ka lehelehe me nā leo kūikawā. Ua lohe anei ʻoe iā lākou? (Prologue: owl leo i ka nahele. Curlew, ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele, cranes, lark, lapwing, gula plover.