E hoʻomaka kākou i ka moʻolelo me ka huaʻōlelo: "Predator. Ke kali nei no nā hewa" hewa "ʻo kahi iʻa maʻi e lohe ʻia. He pono kēlā iʻa ʻo ka" piliki "no ka liʻiliʻi ma kahi o hoʻokahi - kū ka pike ma laila! E ʻōlapa ʻia nei i ka ambulance. me ka iʻa. " ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻai nui nā iʻa i ka ʻai nui i nā maʻi, nāwaliwali a hōʻeha paha, e hoʻopōmaikaʻi ana i ke koho kūlohelohe a laila e hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia, hoʻōla i nā ʻano iʻa. ʻO Lufarians o kēia ʻano kapa kuhi sentimental-ecological me kahi ʻike mamao ʻole loa ia keu maoli ʻole.

ʻO Lufar ka mea ikaika a keu hoʻokele o ka Black Black ma kona wahi. I kona ala, luku aku ʻo ia i kēlā me kēia: hamsa, lio mackerel, sardine, mackerel, perches, swallows, croakers, garfish. Ma kahi huaʻōlelo, nā mea ola a pau i ka lālani, ʻaʻole i nīnau e pili ana i ko lākou kūlana olakino. Inā holo ʻoe i kahi hipa a i ʻole jamb, ʻaʻole hiki ke pale ʻia ka pilikia. Nānā ka poʻe i kēia i nā manawa lōʻihi, a ʻaʻole paha lākou i ke nānā ʻana, inā ma hope o ka lufarin e hōʻulu ʻia ka nui o ka manuʻa i hoʻopōʻino, hōʻa ʻia, a me ka ihi ʻia i pihi ʻole e holo ʻole i ka wai.

Lufar (photo spinningist.com)

Ma ka puke a E. R. Ricciuti, "ka poʻe noho ʻino o ke kai," kākau ka mea kākau i kekahi manawa, ke alakaʻi ʻana i kahi hipa, i hoʻolei ʻia i ka weliweli, ʻo lākou lā e pehi wale i ka wai ma hope o ia. Ua hoʻopuka ʻo J. Brown Pai i ka hapa hope o ka kenekulia 19 i kahi ʻatikala a kona hoʻopaʻapaʻa ʻana ʻaʻole i kū ka Lufar i ka waiwai aloha, ʻike ʻole, akā ʻike ʻole. ʻO kēia, ʻaʻole kūpono. Akā, ʻoi aku kekahi o kēia mau ʻōlelo. ʻO ka nūpepa Man and Nature, i paʻi ʻia e Massachusetts Odyubon Society, ua lawe ʻia i ka manaʻo o ka lehulehu i kahi ʻōlelo e ʻōlelo ana "he ʻohana pōloli pōloli hiki ke ʻai i kahi kanaka lawaiʻa e ola ana, waiho wale ʻia kāna huakaʻi." Heluhelu hou ʻo Richiuti, me ka heluhelu ʻana i ka nui o nā puke ma Lufar a i pale aku iā lākou, kākau lākou ʻaʻole ma nā kēmeʻa a no nā hihia a Lufar i hoʻopiʻi ʻia ma nā lawaiʻa e hoʻopaʻa ʻia.

Holo ʻo Lufari ma ka kolamu wai a ma luna o kona alo. ʻO ka hana nui i nā kakahiaka a me ke ahiahi. Eia no naʻe, ma ka maʻa mau. E like me na loiloi a J.-I. ʻO Cousteau, makemake nui nā mea hopohopo e hānai i kēia manawa o ka lā. Hoʻokomo kūʻokoʻa lākou i kā lākou poʻe hōʻeha. I waena o ka hānai ʻana, ʻoi ana kekahi mea lulu me ka liko i ka poʻe a lākou e māʻona ai i ka lā ʻapōpō, a piha ka lufarians, e ʻoki lākou a ʻūleʻa i ka iʻa. Ua nānā lākou, pehea lā, ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana, uhuʻi lākou i ka waiwai mai loko o ko lākou waha a hopu i nā koena ʻē aʻe: hiki nō hoʻi i ka hapalua o ke luku ʻana i hoʻokahi hipa, haʻalele iā ia a ʻāleo i kekahi

I ke Kai ʻEleʻele, nā nalowale o ka mackerel mai 1967 i pili pono ai me ka nui o ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana i ka ʻulaʻula mai loko mai o ke Kaiʻula. Aia a hiki i kēlā manawa, ʻaʻole i piha ka lauʻele i ka mackerel, no laila, he nui wale nā ​​manaʻo o ia mea, a ua hopu ʻia nō ia no ke "lawehala", a laila ʻohi ʻia a hōʻoki ʻia. ʻO nā hopu kīʻaha o nā lufarees iā lākou iho mai 1966 a 1969 noho ʻia i kekahi o nā wahi mua. Ua manaʻo ʻo ia ka poʻe lawaiʻa Pelekane e nalowale ana ka mackerel (mackerel) mai ka kahakai o Albion, a ma kahi o kā mākou manawa like, ua pili pū kekahi me ka nui o ka loko i loko o kā lākou wai.

Ua nānā ʻo ʻepekema ma Sandy-Hun Marine Laboratory o ka National Marine Fisheries Service o ʻAmelika i ka ʻimi ʻana i ka ʻulaʻula i loko o ka pākana nui a kiʻi i nā mea āpau. ʻIke mākou i ka wā e hoʻouka ana i ka hōʻiliʻili o nā mea wānana i wāwahi, uhi ʻia nā mea pio mai ka papaloka, wāwahi i ka ʻohana i nā ʻāpana. Ua hānai kēlā me kēia mea iʻa me ka iʻa, e mālama pono ana. ʻIke ʻia i kahi hapakolu o ka mika mai i ka iʻa, aʻa ʻo ka ʻūhā i hoʻohaʻahaʻa i kāna ʻāʻī haʻahaʻa, hoʻāla i kona poʻo a me ka uhi ʻana i nā mea i uhi ʻia, nā mea holo koke i ka mea pepehi. Ma ka hapa like ʻole o ka lua, ʻaʻohe manawa e ʻai a ʻaʻole ʻloi e hoʻopiʻi ana i kona waha, ua hopu ke loko iʻa i ka iʻa ʻē aʻe.

Ua ʻai ʻo ia i kāna mea pio me ka wikiwiki o ka paʻakikī o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i kēia kaʻina hana i nā laina. Eia nō hoʻi ua nalo ʻia kēlā mau kolo kahiki i hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha mau ʻāpana mai ka mea pio (inā he nui nui), a pipiʻi paha i kona poʻo a i ʻole ke poʻo, a waiho i ke koena e holo ma ke kahua o ke kaua. ʻO ia ke kumu, ma hope o ka nui o ka lufarine nui, nalu a me ka iʻa, me ka ʻolua a me nā poʻo, ua kiola ʻia i ka kahakai a me nā kahakai nā ʻōpua. ʻAʻole ia he mea kupanaha maoli no kēia, ua kāhea ʻia ʻo Lufar i ka "ʻāpala pipi."

Hāʻawi ʻia i ka ʻoihana kiʻekiʻe o ka holoholona hipa, e manaʻo kekahi i kekahi wikiwiki-waena i loko o ka lou ka poʻe ʻimi ponoʻī iā lākou iho. Eia naʻe, eia lākou ʻaʻole i luna i ka par. Pahuū. ʻO A. Zagoryansky, ka mea kākau o ka puke "Secrets of the Underwater World", kākau no, ua loaʻa iā Lufar, he pepehi iā ia mai kahi pū wai lalo. ʻAʻole hiki iā ia keʻike i kahi mea maikaʻi loa e pakele. Hoʻomaka ia i ka pīhoihoi, e pili ana i kekahi ʻaoʻao a i ʻole kekahi no kahi pana. ʻAʻohe o lākou mau poʻomanaʻo i ka manaʻo e lawe ʻia aku ana kahi kula o nā ʻoniʻula polū e hele a alakaʻi ʻia e nā dolphins. Hoʻolaʻa ʻia i loko o ka ʻalopō, ʻoi loa ka ʻai ʻana i nā māhu wai i loko o ke kai make - lufar.

Hana ke ʻano ʻo Bluefinch i ka ʻokoʻa loa i ka wā e hopu ai i ka hoʻopā. A laila hāʻawi ʻo ia i nā mea maikaʻi loa. ʻO ka hakakā ʻana, ke kūʻē ʻole ʻana, ke ho'āʻo nei e haʻalele, a me nā hana nui a manaʻo ʻia ka manawa e pono ai iā ia i loko o ka moku. Ua kū ia ke kaua me Lufar nui no nā hola. Pono ka lawaiʻa e mālama i ka ʻai ʻana i ka laina lawaiʻa maʻa nui no ka lufar ʻaʻole ia he kumu no nā mea, no laila, pono ke ʻano he kila.

He ʻano like kēia ʻano wīlau kūwaho: ikaika ke kino, ʻōmaʻomaʻo me ka ʻē aʻe o ka torpedo ma keʻano. Aia he ʻelua mau ʻeke dorsal, he spiny kekahi o lākou a hoʻopili ʻia i loko o ka pūhaka i hope. ʻO ka lua he palupalu, anal a me ka spike-spike. He ʻulaʻula a uliuli ʻole paha ka hope i kahi pulu polū. Keʻokeʻo ka ʻōpū. Lā - 1-1.1 m, kaupaona ke kaumaha i 20 kg. He nani a maikaʻi loa nā maka.

Kani maikaʻi ʻia mai ka inedible i hōʻike ʻia me ka unmistakably, ʻaʻole like me nā ʻika me nā melika a me nā lole i loko o kā lākou ʻōpū. I loko o lufares, loaʻa wale ka iʻa ma loko o ka ʻōpū. He pūpū nui lākou, nā niho niho ma nā ʻōpua o ka lālani. ʻO Puberty i 1-2 mau makahiki. Kūpono mai ke kauwela a hiki i ke kau hāʻule i nā wahi ākea o ke kai. Caviar e holo nei. I nā makahiki nui loa, hiki ke loaʻa i nā caviar bluefish ma ke kahakai cystozira thickets. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa nā ʻōpio i kahi kokoke mai nā "diapers". ʻEwalu mau aniani he ʻumi ʻumikūmūmākahi i ke ʻā a me nā iʻa.

Pau ʻO Luffari i ke Kai o Marmara. Hoʻokomo wale ʻia ʻo Allegedly ma ke Kaiulea o Guinea. Hānai ʻia me mākou i ke Kai Kūʻai. I ka ʻohana Lufarev hoʻokahi wale nō ʻano ʻano hanana a i hoʻokahi ʻano ʻano. A he maikaʻi maikaʻi ʻole kekahi, inā ʻaʻole hewa ʻia no ka Black Sea ichthyofauna. ʻO ka ʻiʻo ponoʻī. He mea waiwai nui ia i loko o ka mākeke honua, a ʻo nā pōnianʻeleʻele mai ʻEulopa ke kumu o ka lawaiʻa a me nā lawaiʻa hāmeʻa.

Ua kāhea lākou iā Lufar ma nā ʻāina like ʻole. I Bulgaria - lafar, ma Turkey - luffer, i Italia - ballerino. Ua uku mahalo paha nā Italia i kā Lufarin diving ma luna o ka wai i ka manawa a lākou e kaʻa ana i ka mea i pio. No ka mea ballerino.

Hoʻopiʻi

ʻO ka papa ʻaina o ka loko o ka loko i ka hapa nui o nā pelagic a i lalo o nā holoholona liʻiliʻi - ʻo ia ka mackerel lio a mullet, herring, nā ʻāpana a like ʻole, ʻaʻole lākou e ʻāʻū i nā ʻōpala.
Ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia ka iʻa pelagic maoli, a me ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai, ka wikiwiki hoʻi i ka huki i ka wai a i kekahi mau manawa i ka pīpī. I kekahi manawa ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana, kālele ʻo ia i ka mea i ʻai ʻia a ʻauʻau hou no ka lawaiʻa ʻana. Hoʻopau nā ʻōpio a hiki i ka ulu pinepine ʻana i ka crayfish liʻiliʻi, a hiki i ka 11 cm ka lōʻihi o lākou e huli ana i ka papa o ka iʻa mōmona.

Nā lawaiʻa

I ka hope o 60s i ka makahiki hope, ua lawaiʻa nā lawaiʻa o Ukraine i nā haneli haneli o kēlā me kēia makahiki. Hoʻomaka ka lehulehu i ka emi ʻana a i kēia manawa me ka aneane paʻa i ka hopu ʻana iā ia, ʻoiai hoʻi ma Turkey, ma nā kahakai o ke Kai ʻEleʻele, ʻaʻole i ʻā nā lawaiʻa.
Eia nō kekahi, ua komo ka iʻa i ka ʻupena hoʻonoho, ʻoiai ka mea maʻamau ka nui o lākou e hopu i nā wahi ākea me nā ʻupena off-net a me nā māka.

ʻO ka ʻiʻo o Lufar he momona, i aloha ʻia i kona ʻano ʻono. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻai i ka iʻa hou, maloʻo a paʻakai ʻia.

Nā poʻe aloha o ka hoʻokipa lawaiʻa lawaiʻa no ke kaiʻulaʻula ma waho o ka makemake haʻuki. ʻIke lākou he mea ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka iʻa i ka pōʻaiole mua a i ke ahiahi paha, i ka ʻai ʻana o ka iʻa ʻē aʻe. ʻIke ka poʻe lawaiʻa i ka wā a ʻokiʻoki, paʻakikī ke huki i nā ʻokaʻulaʻula mai ka wai - e kūʻē ia i ka mea hope loa, e komo pū ana me ka iho ʻana i lalo, ka hohonu a hiki i ke kaʻina hopu ke hele no nā hola.

Lufar

ʻO ka Bluefin ka iʻa pelagic, alakaʻi i kahi ʻano hipa. ʻO nā kālele i ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo. Noho ia ma ʻasleʻa o ʻEleʻele a me Azov, a me ko ka Atlantika a me nā Noan. ʻO ka pūnāwai a me ka wā lūlū, ua neʻe ʻo ia i uka o ke kahakai, a me ke aniani o ka moana o Marmara. Ke neʻe pinepine nei ʻo Lufar mai kekahi wahi i kahi ʻē, makemake nui i nā wahi ākea.

ʻO ka mea ʻenemi lawaiʻa lawaiʻa, ʻo Bluefin e ʻai nui ana i ka hamsu, kahi kālima a me ka puaʻa, ke kī koke nei i ka mea pio me ka manaʻo. Kino ke kino o ka iʻa mai, nā ʻāpana, mai nā ʻaoʻao, i uhi ʻia me nā unahi liʻiliʻi. Nui kekahi waha e hoʻohālike ai he nui o ka niho. Ma ke kua aia nā puono mua a me nā pua, ʻoi aku ka palupalu o mua a ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka mana. Noho ʻo Bluefin ma kahi o 10 mau makahiki. ʻO ka nui o ka pākeke pākeke a hiki i ka 40-50cm, ke kaumaha 5-6kg. ʻO ka paona nui a me ka nui o ka iʻa, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka 14.4 kg, 130 cm. Puberty i ka makahiki o 4-5 mau makahiki, mau ʻāpana hapa mai Iune a ʻAukake. He koʻikoʻi nui ka iʻa, hoʻokahi kanaka e kāʻai a hoʻokahi miliona hua. Ua hānau ʻia ka pākala ma hope o ʻelua, ʻekolu lā, e hānai i ka zooplankton, nā ʻā liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, a me nā wī. ʻAʻole pili ʻo Lufar i ka iʻa kālepa, akā i loko o ka lawaiʻa nui iʻa he mea maʻamau loa. He ʻano kūʻokoʻa ka iʻa, inā e hoʻowalewale ʻia, hiki iā ia ke hana i ʻelima mau ʻōpala kūloe ma luna o ka wai. ʻO nā lawaiʻa, Lufar i ʻakaʻaka i hea i kahi iʻa lele.

Hoʻohana nui ʻia ka ʻiʻo Bluefin, he ʻano ʻaukā a hāhā, hoʻōho a maloʻo hoʻi, ua ʻō ʻia, ʻāpala a ʻāpala.

Ma hea e nānā ai a i ka wā e hopu ai i ka ʻona

Manaʻo kekahi lawaiʻa akamai ʻole e lawaiʻa ka iʻa i loko o ke kai e like me ke ʻano o nā wai wai. Kiola akula wau i kahi moʻo maʻalahi a noho no ke kali ʻana i ka iʻa a hoʻomaka ke kahaki. ʻAʻole like ka lawaiʻa o ke kai e like me ka lawaiʻa ʻana a me ka ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī, ʻoi aku ka waiwai e ʻike i ke kula o ka iʻa i ka nui o ka moana. E kōkua nā Seagulls iā ʻoe e ʻike i kahi mea kahaki. ʻO ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻana o nā manu ma luna o ka wai e ʻohi ana i kahi ʻokeʻo Bluefin no ka ʻalala, aʻo ka wai ma kēia wahi e ʻūlū maoli. ʻO nā koena o ka iʻa ma hope o ka ʻulaʻula, ʻai i nā gull me ka leʻaleʻa. Ua hopu ʻia ʻo Bluefin mai Iulai a Nowemapa hoʻi, hiki iā ʻoe ke lawaiʻa i ʻelua mai kahakai a mai kekahi moku. Akā, e koho i ka manawa, a i ke kakahiaka ke piʻi mai ka lā, a i ke ahiahi i ke komo ʻana o ka lā. Loaʻa ka iʻa i ka mahana a mālie, ke kau mālie, ʻaʻole makemake i nā ʻano wela a me ka huhū o ka makani. I ka makani, e lele nui ana ke kai a me nā ʻōuli uliuli i loko o ke kai wehe.

He aha e hopu ai iā Lufar

Hopu ʻia ʻo Bluefish ma luna o ka mea nāna e hoʻihoʻi nei i kahi kāmala a hamsa. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hana i kahi spinner ponoʻī iā ʻoe iho, pono wale nō ʻoe i ke kele kala kila 110 * 12 * 4mm. Pono e ʻala ʻia, ma ke ʻano he like ia me ka hamsa. Akā inā ʻaʻole ʻoe makemake e hoʻopau i ka wā e hana ai i ka mīkini, hiki iā ʻoe ke kūʻai i kahi hoʻopau. Pono nā ʻōpiopio 10-12 i ka ʻihi, a ma ka hana o ka pūnāwai me ka laina lawaiʻa e hoʻopili ai i kahi swivel a me kahi haʻalulu, e hāʻawi nō iā ʻoe e wikiwiki koke e wehe i ka mea pīpī no ke kaholo. Loaʻa nō hoʻi kēia iʻa iʻa no ka wili lawaiʻa ʻōnaehana i lako ʻia me nā kaula ʻelua. Me kēia mau mea hana, makemake ʻia e loaʻa kahi pūpū manuawaho ʻole. Pono ʻoe i ka iʻa mai ke kahakai, ma nā wahi e kahe ana nā kahawai mauna, e hana lōʻihi a hoʻolei aku i ka lure obliquely i ka wai pāpū. E like me ke kānāwai, mālama ka lufari i ka pali i ke kahakai, ʻo ka lufar, ka mea nui loa i hope o ke kula, ʻoiai ke alo nei i ka koʻo o ka iʻa a hopu ikaika i ka lure. ʻO ia ka neʻe mau o ka maunu. E like me ka maunu, e hoʻohana i ka hamsa hou a sprat, ka mea nui a ka kala o ka iʻa, he kālā, ua huki ʻia ia i kafinfin. Akā e hoʻomanaʻo ʻoe ʻaʻole e hiki iā ʻoe ke kiʻi i ka laulā nui mai ke kapakai.

Ma hope o ka iʻa aia ma kou mau lima e nalowale i ka nānā ʻana, no ka mea, hiki i ka ʻalopona ke huki paʻa i ka manamana lima. E makaʻala!