E Kaina Swan (ʻO Buccinator ʻo Cygnus) - kekahi o nā ʻano nui o nā puaa: ʻo ka lōʻihi o kona kino he 150-180 cm a ʻo kona kaupaona 7300-1250 g. Ke keʻokeʻo o kona ʻano he keʻokeʻo, akā hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia mai nā ʻano like like i ka mahalo i ka beak ʻeleʻele. E like me nā swans ʻē aʻe, ʻo ka wahine a me nā kāne o ka pū kani ka mea like like ʻole, akā ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā wahine.

Noho ka pua ʻana i nā pupu a me nā loko wai hou i loko o ka ʻāina taiga, eia naʻe, i ka hoʻoilo, ke mālama ʻia kekahi mau mea lōlihi i ke kai o ke kai. Ua hoʻolilo ka pū kīkē i ka hapa o kona ola i ka wai, akā hiki iā ia ke lawe aku mai ia manawa wale me ke hoʻomaka holo. Ua lele ʻole kāna lele ʻana, akā wikiwiki. Holo ka pū leo leo ma Alaska a ma komohana komohana, ʻoiai e wela ma luna o ke kahakai o Alaska ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻĀkau o ʻAmelika.

Mea ʻai

E like me nā ʻano swans ʻē aʻe, pu he mea puhi ʻia hānai i ka hānai i nā mea kanu kanu: nā lau a me nā hua māla o nā mea kanu wai (nā lilia wai, nā algae), nā hua, nā rhizome. I ka hoʻoilo, he mau ʻai ka mea ʻai punahele o nā pū; ʻoliʻoli lākou iā lākou ma ka mahiʻai. ʻAi ʻia nā Swans a me nā invertebrates waiola, me kekahi mau manawa nā amphibians a me nā iʻa liʻiliʻi. I nā hebedoma mua o ke ola, hānai nui nā puaʻa i nā invertebrates aquatic: nā pepeke a me nā hua ʻino, nā mollusks, a me nā koena. ʻĀ pinepine ke kani ʻana i ka pū i ka meaʻai i loko o ka wai, ʻaʻole naʻe e maʻa, akā nāhe wale nō o kona poʻo a me ka ʻāʻī i ka wai. Hiki i kahi ʻāʻī lōʻihi ke loaʻa iā ia nā mea kanu mai kahi hohonu hohonu, a inā ʻaʻole lawa kona lōʻihi, hoʻoneʻe ka ʻāpana i ke kino kūloko.

Koi a ʻĀpana Kai a Reproduction

Punawila ka pū i ka pū ʻokoʻa i waena o nā kuli, nā loko he nui me nā alapiʻi a me nā ʻāpana i uhi ʻia. He mau pōpoki kū pinepine nā poʻe puaʻa, i kekahi manawa ke ola mau nei lākou, a ʻike pinepine ka mea hou i kahi mea make o ka mea kahiko. Hōʻailona nā pālua o nā puaa a ʻano ikaika loa i ke ʻano o kekahi malihini ma kā lākou ʻāina. ʻO ka pūlima o ka pū ka mea hei manu, he mauʻu, he ʻona paha ka mea i loaʻa i ka wai pāpū a i ʻole kekahi moku, i loko o kahi ʻāpana o ka loko, pinepine i nā hale muskrat. I loko o ka paʻa o nā hua he 4-8, ʻo ka incubation e lōʻihi i ka 33-37 mau lā, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā wahine incubates, ʻo ke kāne i ka manawa like like me ke kūkaʻi. Hoʻopili ʻia nā kūleʻa Swan i kahi hina i lalo, nā mea e pale iā lākou mai ka mākū. ʻAʻole like me nā manu makua, hele pinepine lākou i ka wā e hānai ana. ʻO kekahi manawa piʻi nā swans ma hope o kekahi o nā mākua a holo pēpē ala. Ke hoʻomohala nui nei lākou a holo i ka wā ma hope iho o 84-120 lā. I kēia manawa maʻamau, aia nā pū ʻōpio me nā manu makua, me lākou e lele no ka hoʻoilo, a hoʻi hou lākou i nā wahi hana. ʻO ka pilina ma waena o nā mākua a me nā moa e hoʻomau a hiki i ka wā e hiki mai ana. E hele a hiki i nā keaka waʻa wale nō ʻo ia i nā makahiki 3-4.

ʻIke ʻia ʻana o ka pū kani ʻana

ʻOi ka nui o ka pū kīʻaha - he lōʻihi o ke kino ka 1.4-1.65 mika, akā ulu aʻe kekahi mau kāne i 1,8 mika.

ʻO ka paona o nā pākeke ke loli ʻana mai ka 7 a hiki i ka 13.5 kilograms. ʻO nā meles, ma ka awelika, ʻo ke kaupaona ʻana he 11,8 kilograms, a ʻo nā wahine wahine ke kaupaʻa ʻia - 9.4 kilograms. ʻO ka lōʻihi o nā eheu he 1.8-2.5 mau mika. ʻO ka hapa nui o ke kelepona i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me ka loa he 1,83 mika, kaupaʻa he 17.2 mau ʻāpana, a ʻo kona mau ʻēheu he 3.1 mika.

Keʻokeʻo ka plumage i ka pākeke. ʻO ka beak o nā mākaʻi o nā ʻano ʻano like me nā ʻano like ʻole, nunui, nui a ʻeleʻele loa, i kekahi mau kūlana, kokoke i ke kumu o ka beak he pinkish. ʻO nā wāwae he ʻulaʻula ulaula, akā i kekahi mau swans ua hina hina a ʻeleʻele paha. ʻO nā holoholona ʻōpio ma lalo o 1 makahiki mauʻu he plumage hina.

Ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana a me ke olakino

Hāpai kēia mau ʻāina i kā lākou ʻāina, ʻaʻole e ʻae ʻia nā malihini. I ke kauwela, molt. I ka wā molting, nalolo nā manu i ka āpau, no laila hiki ʻole iā lākou ke lele. ʻO nā wahine wahine molt i hoʻokahi mahina ma mua o nā kāne.

Ua hānai ʻo Trumpeter i nā mea kanu akuʻa - nā kumu a me nā lau o lalo o nā wai a me lalo o nā mea kanu. Mai lalo mai o nā hale kō, i lawe nā manu i nā aʻa a me nā aʻa. I ka hoʻoilo, 'ʻai nā puaa o kēia ʻano i ka ʻai i ka nahele a i ʻole ka mauʻu.

E ʻai ka manu i ka pō a i ka pō. ʻO ka hoʻonui i nā meaʻai, nā iʻa, nā crustaceans a me nā caviar e komo ai i loko o kaʻai. ʻO kēia meaʻai ka nui o ka protein e pono ai nā swans e pono ai.

ʻO ka pilina a me ka lōʻihi

Hoʻokumu ʻo Trumpeter i mau kāne no ke ola. Kūkulu ʻia ke kūnaka ma kahi mokupuni liʻiliʻi a i ʻole ka mea e ʻai ana i ka mea kanu. Hiki i kekahi manu o ka manu ke hoʻohana no kekahi mau makahiki.

Hoʻopau ka wahine i nā hua ma ʻApelila-Mei. ʻO ka pinepine, ʻo ia ka mau hua he 4-6, akā hiki ke nui a 3 a keu paha - 12. ʻO nā hua hua o nā pū he nui, he kaupaona ko lākou e pili ana i ka 320 g. Hana ʻia ka manawa incubation ma mua o 37 mau lā. ʻO ka huluhulu hana ʻia e ka wahine.

Hiki i nā pua ke holo manu ma ka lā 2 o ke ola. Hoʻomaka ka ulu liʻiliʻi i ka makahiki 4 o nā mahina.

I loko o ka nahele, ʻo ke ola o kēia mau manu nani he 25-28 mau makahiki, a i loko o ka noho pio ʻana ke kuhi ʻana i nā pu e noho ʻo 33-35 mau makahiki.

Aia i hea kona hale

ʻO ka wahi hānau o ka pū kīʻaha ʻo ʻAmelika ʻAmelika. Noho ka manu ma ke komohana a i ke kumu o ka ʻEhule. I ka hema, e hoʻonui aku ka laulā i Texas a me Kaleponi Kalani. Hōʻike hapa ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o ka heluna i Alaska. ʻO ke ʻano maʻamau o nā ʻano he tundra a me ka nahele-tundra. A ʻoi aku ka makemake o ka lawehala me ka lawaiʻa o nā kahe wai pāpaku a me ka mālie, e kahe malie nā kahe o nā kahawai.

Nā hōʻailona waho

ʻO ka ʻāpana pu ka nui o ka wai wai i loaʻa. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka kino o nā pākeke ke lōʻihi mai ka 140 a 165 cm. ʻO ke kāne nui i ʻike ʻia e ka ʻepekema he 180 cm ka lōʻihi.ʻO ke kaupaona o nā manu mai 7 a 13.5 kg. Inā pālahalaha ka puaʻa i kona mau ʻēheu keʻokeʻo ma nā ʻaoʻao, e ʻike maoli ʻia e like me ke koʻi maoli maoli: ʻo ko lākou mau ʻēheu i hiki aku i ka 2.5 m. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona o ka pū kīʻaha puhi kīʻaha ʻo ia i kahi beak ʻeleʻele ikaika. ʻO kekahi wale nō kekahi o ka heluna kanaka e hiki i kahi holo pinkish ke holo ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka beak. ʻO ka pōkole e pili ana i nā wāwae ʻāpana kino - ʻeleʻele. Kane a wahine i waho. I ko lākou ala a me ke ʻano o nā ʻano manu, he nui nā mea a kēia manu me ka swoper whooper.

Ke noho maʻamau

Ua hoʻokuʻi ka pū kani leo i kona inoa no ka pili o nā ʻano kuʻuna i ka wā o ke kamaʻilio ʻana. Hoʻolohe lākou i nā lōʻihi lōʻihi a kōkua i nā manu e mālama mau. ʻO ka plumage paleke a me ka nui o ka fluff e hoʻonāukiuki i nā swans i nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. Kūkulu lākou i hoʻokahi makahiki i ka makahiki.

No ka mahina ke emi nei ko lākou hiki ke lele. Pāʻai ʻo Swans i ka wai: ʻalo lākou, lawe i nā algae a me nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe mai ka hohonu. Hiki iā lākou ke ʻai i nā mollusks a me nā ʻiʻo liʻiliʻi. He manu manu e lele ana i kahi kime V-ano like.

E like me nā swans a pau, he hiʻohiʻona monogamous kēia. Paʻi pinepine nā paila i ka makahiki ʻelua a ʻekolu paha o ke ola a hoʻohana i ka wahi like no ka nano no kekahi mau makahiki. Hiki i ka wahine ke waiho i 3 a 12 mau hua, e ulu ana i nā lā 32-37. ʻOiai ke mālama nei o nā mākua ʻelua i ka hua, ʻo ka makuahine wale nō ka mea e hoʻokomo ai i ka masonry. ʻElua mau lā ma hope o ka hānau ʻana o nā moa i ko lākou holo mua kūʻokoʻa iho, ʻoiaʻiʻo, ma lalo o ka mākaʻi a nā lunakahiko. Ma ke mau makahiki he ʻelua mau makahiki, hiki iā lākou ke loaʻa ka ʻai a me ka ʻai ma kā lākou iho. Ua kau lākou i kahi lole pākeke i nā makahiki he ʻekolu a ʻehā mau malama.

He nui nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe nona nā manu ma waena o nā pākeke a me nā hua a me nā moa. I waena o lākou - wolverine, baribal, gray wolf, otter, mink, eagle owl and many more.

Ma ka moʻomeheu o nā kānaka he nui o ka honua, ʻo ka puaʻa he hōʻailona o nā pilina aloha, aloha a me kaʻoiaʻiʻo. Hoʻopili kēia mau manu i nā palaka o nā lima a me nā hae. ʻO kahi mea pili o kahi ʻohana ʻeuʻī kahi kīwī pili.

Ma ka Buke Maikaʻi

I kēia lā, aia ka pu kī ʻana i nā mea ʻala me ka hoʻoweliweli iki aʻe, aia he ulu mau kūlohelohe o ka nui o ka heluna. Eia naʻe, hoʻi i ka makahiki XIX. ʻO ka neʻe ʻana he mea leʻaleʻa, a ua ʻimi ʻia nā manu no nā hulu hulu. Eia kekahi, he mea maʻalahi loa ka poʻe ʻōpio i ka polū e nā alakaʻi alakaʻi. No laila, e ka hoʻomaka o ka kenekulia XX. ua aneane pau loa kēia mau holoholona mai USA a noho wale ma Kanada a me Alaska. I ka 1933, ua noho wale nā ​​ʻelele 66 o nā ʻano i loko o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. No ka wā lōʻihi, ʻo ka hoʻāʻo ʻana e hoʻihoʻi i ka mea kani i ko lākou wahi kūlohelohe. Eia naʻe, ua hoʻokō nā mea ʻepekema i hoʻokō i kā lākou pahuhopu. Mai ka makahiki 1982 ua hoʻomau ʻia ka papahana mālama ma Toronto Zoo. No kēia, hoʻohana ʻia nā hua i ʻili ma ka hihiu. I nā makahiki i hala, ua hoʻi mai nā manu i hāpai ʻia e ka manu i hoʻihoʻi ʻia i ko lākou wahi kūlohelohe. Ma ka laulā, i nā makahiki 30 i hala iho nei, ua hoʻonui ka nui o ka poʻe ma kahi o 400 mau manawa. I kēia lā, aneane ʻaʻohe mea e hoʻoweliweli i nā manu.

ʻO ka wehewehe

ʻO Trumpeter kekahi o nā puʻu wai nui loa. Hiki ke kaupaona ke kāne ʻelima a ʻoi aku paha he ʻumikumamālua kilokilo, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā wahine a ʻoi hoʻi ka momona o ke kaumaha ma mua o ka ʻewalu kilograms. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi o ke manu kaʻi mai 140 a 170 cm. Inā hiki i nā ʻelele nui ke hele i ka lōʻihi o ke aniani ma mua o 180 cm.ʻO nā wingpan he 200-230 cm.

Hoʻohālikelike ka hiʻohiʻona o ke kāne a me ka wahine. Hiki i nā ʻokoʻa wehe ʻana o nā kāne like ʻole i ka nui. Loaʻa i nā ʻāpana Trumpeter mea maikaʻi a paʻa hau-keʻokeʻo. Loaiki ka hulu o ka manu a mālama i kahi pad o ka hulu, e ʻae ana i nā manu i ʻae i nā lewa haʻahaʻa. ʻO nā manu ʻōpio ma lalo o ʻekolu makahiki he mau ʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele: hina-brown, brown-hina, ʻeleʻele hina. ʻO nā kahu o nā puaʻa a me ka beak - ʻeleʻele. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka ʻōpala e kahi puʻuwai a me ka umauma hohonu.

ʻAe nā manu i ko lākou inoa i ke ʻano kūikawā o ka maʻi o ka trachea a me ka larynx, me ke kōkua o ia mea e hoʻōla ai, nui a leo nui, e like pū me nā pū kani.

ʻO nā manawa pinepine, hiki ke lohe ʻia ke kani ʻana o ka pū puhi i kekahi mau mile ma kahi mamao.

Hoʻolohe nei i ka leo o ka pū kani ʻana

Akā ʻo ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ka nui o ka pū leo e ʻoki ʻia e ka nui o nā pua pipi, no ka mea ke kūleʻa nei nā ʻelele o ka ʻohana kekahi i kekahi. Akā he mea kūpono ia e ʻike nei he kiʻekiʻe loa nā mea kūpono aʻe e hoʻonui i ka heluna kanaka. I kēia lā, ma kahi o 19 tausani o kēia mau manu e noho nei ma ʻAmelika Hema.

Inā loaʻa ʻoe i kahi hala, e koho i kahi ʻāpana a me ka paʻi Ctrl + Kākau.

Range a me kahi noho

Hoʻomaka i 1968, i ka helu i ka makahiki 1975, a no laila, i ka wā 5 mau makahiki, kahi loiloi pan-Continental loiloi o ka pū ʻehā leo nui i mālama ʻia i ka makahiki 2015. Kuhi ʻo ke aʻo ʻana i ka mea i puhi ʻia nā mea kani i nā helu a me ka ʻoihana o ka wana ulu piha ʻana o ka lehulehu ʻAmelika Hema i ʻike ʻia. Ka Pākīpika Hikina (PCP), nā Pōhaku Rocky (RMP) a me nā ʻĀina (IP) kaiāulu (e nānā i ke kiʻi) Mai 1968 a 2010, hoʻonui ka nui o ka lehulehu mai 3,722 a i kahi manu 46,225, nui ma muli o ka hoʻokomo hou ʻana i kāna mōʻaukala esque range.

ʻO nā pā holoholona he nui nā pā wai he nui, nā loko wai o nā pōpoki, nā māka pristine a me nā kahe puhū ākea a me nā awāwa i nā ʻaoʻao komohana ma waena o ʻAmelika Hema, me ka nui o nā pakanihoa i loaʻa ma Alaska. ʻOi aku lākou i nā wahi me nā wahi e pono ai ka nui o ka wai no lākou e lawe ai, a me ka ʻai, wai, miki, wai ʻole a me ka hoʻoweliweli. E neʻe aku ana nā ʻōiwi maoli o kēia mau puaʻa i a mai nā kahakai ʻo ka Pākīpika a i nā ʻāpana o ʻAmelika Huipū ʻia, e lele ana i kahi ʻohana V-ʻano. ʻO ka hapa nui o ka lehulehu i hoʻokele ʻole ʻia.

I ka hoʻoilo, hele lākou i ka pae hema o Kanada, nā ʻākau hikina komohana o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, ʻoi aku hoʻi i ka ʻāina ʻo Red Rock Lakes o Montana, ke ʻākau Puget Sound ʻākau o Wakinekona, ʻike lākou i kahi mamao o ke kūkulu hema e like me Pagosa Springs, Colorado. I ka mōʻaukala, hele lākou i ka pae hema a me Texas a ma Kaleponi hoʻi. Eia kekahi, aia kahi kikoʻī ma ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike o ka Zokilohi ma Cambridge, i kiʻi ʻia e FB Armstrong ma 1909 ma Matamorosa, Tamaulipas, Mekiko. Mai ka makahiki 1992, ʻike ʻia ka ʻoniwa kūpuna ma Arkansas i kēlā me Nowemapa - Pepeluali ma Magness Lake ma waho o Heber Springs. I ka hapalua o 2017, ua noho kau ʻia kahi pū kīʻaha liʻiliʻi ma ka French Broad River ma Asheville, North Carolina, e hōʻailona ana i ka ʻike mua ʻana ma kēia ʻāpana o ka mokuʻāina.

ʻO nā pua puaʻa non-migratory ua hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o nā wahi o Oregon kahi i hana mua ʻole ʻia ai lākou. Ma muli o ko lākou kūlohelohe kūlohelohe, kūpono lākou i ka wai wai e kō ai ka poʻe nānā manu a me nā mea aloha holoholona maoli. ʻO ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā ʻano ʻōnaehana o nā wahi ma ke komohana, no ka laʻana, ma o ka papahana Oregon Trumpeter Swan (OTSP), ua hōʻāhewa ʻia kekahi, akā, i ka laulā, ka manaʻo o ka waiwai o nā mea kūlohelohe he mea nui ke kuleana ma mua o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka mea i hāʻawi ʻia.

Kauʻai

ʻAi kēia mau manu i ka wā e ʻauʻau ai, ma kekahi manawa ma mua o ke komo ʻana i ka hana a hoʻoweliweli paha e hoʻokō i ka meaʻai i hoʻohuʻu ʻia. ʻAno like kaʻai me nā mea kanu wai. ʻAi lākou e like me nā lau a me nā kumu o ka hoʻopō a me nā lau nahele. Eʻeli lākou i nā ʻōpala palupalu ma lalo o nā ʻili a me ke kōpī. I ka hoʻoilo, hiki iā lākou ke ʻai i ka mauʻu me ka mauʻu ma nā pā. ʻAi pinepine lākou i ka pō, ʻoiai ke ao. Hoʻohana pinepine ka hana a ka paona o nā manu i kahi kiʻekiʻe i ka pūnāwai, ʻoiai e hoʻomākaukau ana no ka wā hoʻoulu. ʻAi nā ʻōpio i nā mea inikini, nā iʻa liʻiliʻi, nā hua iʻa a me nā mea kanu liʻiliʻi, me nā mea kanu i ka wā mua, e hāʻawi ana i ka protein hou, nā hoʻololi i nā mea kanu e pili ana i ka meaʻai i loko o nā malama mua.

ʻano hānau

E like me nā moʻoʻehā ʻē aʻe, ʻoi aku ka pāʻani i ka mea kuʻi no ke ola, a pili pū nā mākua ʻelua i ka hānai ʻana i kā lākou poʻe'ōpiopio, akā ʻo ka mea mua, na ka wahine e ʻoki i nā hua. Ka hapanui o nā kāne i ka wā ʻo 5 ka 7 mau makahiki o nā puaʻa, ʻoiai ʻaʻole i haku ʻia kekahi mau kāne a hiki i ka wā he 20 makahiki. "Nā kuʻikahi," e like me kāu e ʻike nei, ma waena o nā manu, i kēia mau mea e lilo ai nā monogamous i nā hoa noho, me nā hoaaloha ma nā ʻano like ʻole. I kekahi manawa, inā make kāna mea kōkua, ke kīnā ʻole pū ke kīwaha kāne no ke koena o kona ola ʻana. ʻO ka hapa nui masonry e kū nei ma waena o ka hopena o ʻApelila a me Mei. Hāʻawi ka wahine i nā hua he 3-12, mai 4 a hiki ke 6 ka awelika i loko o kahi māla o nā mea kanu i kahi mokupuni liʻiliʻi, ma kahi lumi kau a muskrat paha, a he kahua papa e noho ana ma kahi poloka o nā mea kanu. Hiki i ka wahi like ke lilo i mau makahiki, a kōkua nā lālā ʻelua o ka pālua i ke kūkulu i kahi pā. Aia ka pūnana i kahi kīwī nui, nui a me ka mauʻu, loko a me nā mea kanu iʻa a ʻano like ʻole i ka diameter mai 1.2 a 3.6 m (3.9 a 11.8 mau wāwae), ka hopena ma hope o nā noi hou. Aia ka hua ma ka awelika 73 milimita (2.9 iniha) ka laulā, 113.5 mm (4.5 iniha) ka lōʻihi, a e kau paona ana ma kahi o 320 g (11.3 mau kau). ʻO nā hua manu, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā manu lele e lele ana, ke ola nei i kēia lā, ma kahi hoʻohālikelike he 20% lākou ka nui a me ka paona ma mua o nā condors Andes ( ʻO nā lau ʻili Vultur ), ke kipa like i nā kaupaona like o nā pākeke, a ʻoi aku i ʻelua mau manawa ma mua o ka nui o nā KORI bustard ( Ardeotis KORI ) ʻO ka manawa incubation he 32 a 37 mau lā, e hoʻomehana ʻia e ka wahine, ʻoiai ʻo kekahi manawa ʻo ke kāne. Hiki i nā ʻōpio ke ʻauʻau no nā lā ʻelua a, ʻo ia ke ʻano, hiki ke hānai iā lākou iho ma hope, i ka maikaʻi, i nā hebedoma ʻelua. Loaʻa ka pae hoʻonā i ka pae ma kahi o 3 a 4 mau mahina. I kēlā wā e hoʻopaʻa ai i nā mea hoʻohene, nā wahi kīwila me ke kīwaha a hoʻoweliweli i nā holoholona ʻē aʻe, me nā ʻohana, e komo ana i kā lākou pā.

ʻO nā moa ʻelemakule i ke kauwela ke pau pōkole lākou i nā hulu manu lele.Noho lele ʻole nā ​​wahine ma hope o ka palu ʻōpio; hele nā ​​kāne ma hope o kēia hana ma hope o hoʻokahi mahina, a pau ka wahine i ka ʻalo.

Make kino

I ka pio, ua ola nā lālā o kēia ʻano a hiki i 33 mau makahiki, a ma ka wao nahele ua ola no ka liʻiliʻi o 24 mau makahiki. Hiki i nā ʻānō puʻupaʻa ʻōpiopio ke liʻiliʻi a 40% mau manawa e ola ai ma muli o nā ala like ʻole o nā haunaele a me ka luku ʻana e nā poʻe, ka wānana, nā nīnaha a ka pōloli. I kekahi mau wahi, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka pōmaikaʻi ʻoi aku ka nui, a i kekahi manawa ke hiki nā Cygnets a pau i hiki i ka makua. He haʻahaʻa loa ka make ʻana o nā pākeke makua me ke ola ʻana o ka maʻamau 80-100% i hoʻokahi makahiki inā ʻaʻole lākou i ʻimi ʻia e ke kanaka. ʻO nā mea hoʻohāukiuki ʻoki pū hua i loaʻa i kekahi manuela maʻamau ( ʻO ka corax Corvus ) nō mea maʻamau Procyon lotor ), Wolverine ( Gulo gulo ), ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa ʻAmelika ( Ursus atepsapis ), Brown bear ( Nā ʻōpio Ursus ), coyote ( Nā cani latrans ), helehelena ( Canis lupus ), mau leona mauna ( Puma Conkolor ), ai ka ʻāpana ʻākau ka mika ( Lontra Kanekia ) Hiki paha i kahi ʻona me ka pale ka pale ʻana i ka hapanui o nā manu hānai manuahi, ʻoiai inā ma nā mokupuni a i ʻole ka hele ʻana i nā mea kanu i loko o ka wai hohonu. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā mea ʻōpiopio i ʻānai ʻia i nā ʻōpio ʻōiwi, no ka mea, aia kahi ʻōpū maʻamau i kahi lau. Keleponi Kelhydra ) Keaukaha Gull () ʻO Larus kalupuna ), ʻōlele nui ( ʻO ka wahine wahine Bubo ), ke kalio ( Vulpes vulpes ) a me ka mink ʻAmelika ( Mustela vison ) ʻO ka nui o nā Cygnets a, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi, hiki ke hoʻoulu ʻia e ka pākeke gula e ke ākea gula ( Akuila chrysaetos ), lynx ( ʻO Lynx Rufus ), a like pū a like me nā coyotes a me nā ʻīlio hina. Inā pilikia ko lākou hua a me nā huaʻai, hiki i nā mākua ke hoʻohaunaele hou, e hōʻike mua ana i ka bouncing a me ka hoʻonāukiuki me ko lākou mau poʻo. Inā lawa ʻole kēia, a laila hakakā ka ʻelemakule i ka mea nāna e hoʻohāʻule, e kāʻei ana i ko lākou mau ʻēheu ikaika a hoʻoulu ʻia me kā lākou mau bila nui, a hoʻokō lākou i ka pepehi ʻana i nā mea make i ka nui o ko lākou kaupaona ʻana i nā kū'ē. ʻO ka luku ʻana i nā pākeke inā ʻaʻole lākou i lohi iki, ʻoiai inā ua ʻimi lākou i ke gula a me nā ʻaeto, ʻoiai ʻo ka hapa nui o kēia mau hihia he anddotal a i hoʻopōʻai ʻole. Nā ʻImao ʻaeto leucocephalus ) Ua hele wale ʻia ka mea lele ʻeuʻeu manuahi i ka waena waena o ka lele ma ka mokulele, akā ʻo ka mea kuhi ua hiki ke ola i kahi hoʻāʻo ma kahi wanana.

Ke kūlana ʻona

I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā kenekulia iwakālua, ua kokoke kēia ʻano pili i ka make o ka luku wale nō - 69 mau manu wale nō i koe ma USA i ka makahiki 1932. Kēia pōpilikia o ka helu i loko o nā helu, ʻo ia ka hopena o ka lawaiʻa a me ke kālepa ʻana i ka hulu o ka hulu a me nā ʻoki pū. ʻO ka papa kālai manu i ka hopu ʻana a me ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā ʻano o nā mea kūlohelohe i hiki ai i ka poʻe puaʻa kīʻaha ke kiʻi hou i kona mau kānaka, e hoʻomau ana ia i nā kūlana a hiki i kēia lā. MaʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, ua hoʻoneʻe ʻia kēia ʻano ʻāpana puaʻa mai ka hoʻoweliweli ʻana i ka ʻinohue ʻole.

Helu

I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā kenekulia i hala, ua hele nā ​​pua kīʻaha keu, no ka mea, ua aneane ua hoʻopau loa ka poʻe i ka lehulehu. I nā makahiki he 30 i hala iho nei, ua ulu nui ka nui o nā ʻano ʻano. I ka manawa like, hoʻonui pinepine nā laha ulu.

Akā ʻo ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ka nui o ka pū leo e ʻoki ʻia e ka nui o nā pua pipi, no ka mea ke kūleʻa nei nā ʻelele o ka ʻohana kekahi i kekahi. Akā he mea kūpono ia e ʻike nei he kiʻekiʻe loa nā mea kūpono aʻe e hoʻonui i ka heluna kanaka. I kēia lā, ma kahi o 19 tausani o kēia mau manu e noho nei ma ʻAmelika Hema.

Hoʻaiho

• kolo
• ewaite a me na uku,
• e kahe nolo ana.

ʻO kēlā poʻe wale e noho nei ma Alaska he migratory. Holo aku nei lākou ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o ka mokulele a i loko o ʻAmelika Hema. ʻO kēlā mau ʻeke e noho ana ma ka ʻākau a me ke komohana o Kanada ʻaʻole e lele ʻole no ka hoʻoilo.

ʻOi palekana

I kekahi mau makahiki i hala aku nei, ua noho kēia mau manu i loko o Canada a me ʻAmelika Hui PūʻIa. Akā ma muli o ka hopu mauʻana iā lākou, ua hāʻule nui ka nui o nā kānaka. Ua ʻimi ʻia lākou e loaʻa i nā ʻiʻo momona, me ka momona manu a me nā hulu hulu, i hoʻohanaʻia no nā ʻano like ʻole. Hana lākou i mau pāpale, nā mea nani, i hoʻohana ʻia no ke kākau ʻana. ʻOiai hānai manuahi, a me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i nā wahi i noho ai kēia mau manu, alakaʻi i nā hopena kaumaha. Nā ʻepekema ma ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka kenekulia iwakālua ua hiki ke helu wale ʻia ma kahi o 70 mau kanaka.

Ke papa ʻia nei i kēia mau manu. ʻO ka hana hou, ua hana ʻia kekahi mau mālama. ʻAʻole kūpono ka hana no ka mālama ʻana i nā subspecies. I kēia lā, ʻo kēia mau swans helu e pili ana i 30 tausani. Akā, ʻoiai ke hoʻonui nei i kā lākou helu, e hoʻomau mau ka pāpā i kā lākou luku. ʻAʻole mālama ka mālama i nā manu, akā e kōkua pū iā lākou e hoʻoulu i nā moa. Eia kekahi, hana nā māla a me nā kahu hānai i nā helu e hoʻonui nui ʻia.

Nā Kūlana Kūʻai

Hoʻaiho

Noho ʻo Trumpeter ma nā palena ʻākau o ka ʻĀmelika ʻAmelika ʻAmelika, e noho ana i ka tundra a me ka nahele-tundra. ʻOi aku lākou makemake e noho i nā wahi ākea ma kahi o nā kino wai.

• Pūnaewele
• ʻO nā kahe nui me ka kahe lohi,
• Limanov,
• Nā kamaʻāina
• E wehe i nā ʻōpala.

ʻO nā manu wale e noho ana ma Alaska he migratory. Hoʻolilo lākou i ka hoʻoilo ma nā paia hema o ka peni a me nā ʻAmelika ʻākau. Noho ʻo Swans e noho ana ma ke komohana a me ke komohana o Kanada e hoʻoilo i ka hoʻoilo ma nā wahi ulu.