Noho maluhia nā puʻupuʻu momona a pīhoihoi mau i ke kanaka me kahi kāne, ʻoiai he nui o mākou e ʻike ana i kēia holoholona hihiu ʻo ia wale nō kahi oʻa manu me kahi huluhulu manu.
I ʻole hiki ʻia ma Pelekane paha kahi kanaka noho o ke kūlanakauhale a i ʻole kahi kamaʻāina ke ʻike ʻole i kahi ʻōpena i kahi manawa i hoʻokahi manawa i kona ola. ʻO ka mea ʻoi he mea pīpī hina, ʻaʻole ia i kahi keaka poʻo kūloko o ka'āina e hele pinepine mai i mua o nā maka o kānaka, me ka ʻike mau i ka pōmaikaʻi o kahi mea hoʻokipa ʻē aʻe.
ʻAʻohana ʻohana
ʻO ka squirrel hina i nā kumulāʻau kekahi o nā mea 260 mau mea e hui pū ai i nā rodents e like me nā marmots, me nā ʻīlio meadow, nā chipmunks a me nā lele puʻu. I ka wā mua, ua loaʻa wale ia ma ka hikina ʻĀkau o ʻAmelika mai nā kahakai o The Great Lakes a hiki i Florida, akā ma hope mai ua lawe ʻia i nā wahi komohana o ʻAmelika, Ireland, Nui Pelekane a me ʻAmelika Hema. Mai ia wā mai, ua noho ana a e ulu ana ʻo ia ma nā wahi a pau, a ma Pelekane ua hoʻolako ʻo ia i kona ʻūniha ulaula.
ʻO ka inoa ʻōlelo Pelekane English ("squirrel") mai ʻelua hua ʻōlelo Helene: skia - "tail" a me oura - "shade". I ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, paʻakikī ke hele mai i kahi inoa maikaʻi loa no kahi holoholona nimble, ke hele wale nei i ka ʻike ke ʻike wale ʻia e ke kaohi ʻana o ke kuʻekuʻe nani.
ʻO ke ola lāʻau
Ke hoʻopau nei ke poli a me nā polikika i kūpaʻa a me nā ʻaliha ke ola i loko o nā kumulāʻau, e lele pololei ana mai ka lālā a i ka lālā a ke holo ʻana ma nā kuʻuna kuahiwi. He liʻiliʻi nā wāwae mua, akā ua lōʻihi nā wāwae ʻehā a nāʻuʻuku. Ka hopu ʻia me nā piʻo aʻo, loaʻa mau nā manamana lōʻihi e loaʻa kahi mea e hoʻopili ai a hiki i nā ʻono pehu.
Hōʻea ka lōʻihi o ka peʻa lōʻihi e like me ke kākei ʻana o ke kākūkā puʻu a me ke ʻano o ka holo ʻana i ka wā o ka peke, a me ka hiʻo ʻoi ʻia e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke kuhikuhi pono i ka mamao. ʻO ka pihi o ka ʻoi aku ma mua o ʻeono mau mika no ke kēkē he mea maʻamau loa, ʻoiai ka lōʻihi o ka holoholona ʻoi loa ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ma mua o 20-30 cm (me kahi huelo o ka lōʻihi.)
He hōkū ʻōmaʻomaʻo hina ʻōmaʻomaʻo me nā ʻōmaʻomaʻo a ʻulaʻula a me kahi ʻōpū keʻokeʻo e kōkua i ka squirrel e hoʻowahāwahā ʻia iā ia mai nā mea hoʻopukapuka, akā naʻe, he liʻiliʻi loa nā holoholona kūloko o ka holoholona, ʻoiai ʻaʻole aneane loa nā holoholona karnivorous i loko o kahi pānaʻi, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole e weliweli i ka hahai ʻana i nā mea māmā e like me ka mea ʻala ma luna o ke anane. mau ʻaila.
ʻO ka hale a me nā wahi e pili ana iā ia
ʻO nā māla mua o nā kēkuʻi ka coniferous a deciduous i ke ʻano o ka ulu ʻana, a me nā wahi ākea, a me nā māla a me nā māla. Noho ka holoholona nui ikaika i loko o nā kūlanakauhale nui - a ma nā alanui a me nā wahiʻāina o nā megacities e like me Lākana a me New York, ʻike pinepine ka poʻe squirrels i loko e pili ana i nā lālā lāʻau.
Ke alualu nei i kahi nohona nui a hiki i ka mana ke iho i lalo o ka ʻāina no ka tidbit. Pau lākou i ka hoʻouka ʻana i ka ʻai (ʻo nā hua kanu a me nā nati), ke kāʻili i nā pepeke a me nā ʻōpio mai nā puʻupuʻu o ka ʻili e nā puʻupuʻu, a, inā pono, hiki iā lākou ke ʻai i nā manu a me nā moa ʻole me ka twinge o ka noʻonoʻo. ʻAʻole noho hewa nā poʻe noho o nā pā hale i ka ʻahaʻaina me nā ʻōpala berena a me nā sandwiki i ʻai ʻia.
ʻO kaʻu nūnū i hale kuokoa
Ke pau ʻana i ka lā holoʻokoʻa i ka hana a me ka hopohopo, hiamoe ke kiki i kahi pūnana i hoʻonohonoho ʻia ma luna o kahi kumulāʻau. ʻO ka pua spherical o nā lālā me kahi puka i ke alo (gayno) o ka palaka e waiho pinepine ʻia i loko o kahi kīwī i nā lālā, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi - i kahi kuʻi, ʻo ia hoʻi i ka wā ulu. ʻAʻole ke mālama i nā Squirrels i ko lākou mau pūnaewele mai nā malihini, akā ʻaʻole lākou e makemake i nā mea pili kokoke. ʻOiai ke noho a hoʻokahi kāne a me nā wahine i ka minamina wale, a ʻo ke kāne hoʻokahi ke aloha me nā hoa he nui i ka manawa, ua hānai nā kāne a moe like i ka moe like.
ʻO ka manawa hana no ka squirrels hina i ʻelua mau manawa i ka makahiki - i ka pūnāwai a me ka ʻulu. I kēia manawa, hoʻomaka ke kāne i ke huakaʻi lōʻihi no ka ʻimi ʻana o kahi hoaaloha, akā hoʻi hoʻi ma hope o ka moʻo ʻana. I loko o ka ʻeono pule o ka wahine, ua waiho ka wahine i kāna pūnana me nā ʻāpana maloʻo o ka mauʻu, ka hulu a me ka maloʻo maloʻo.
Ma muli o ka manawa pōkole pōkole, hānau ʻia nā kime (ma mua o 3-4) e ulu a ulu i ko lākou makuahine no 6 wiki. A hiki i ʻelua mau malama, hānai nā makuahine iā lākou me ka waiū, a i kēia manawa hoʻomaka lākou e ʻike a ulu i nā huluhulu hulu kāne pākeke. I nā wiki he ʻehiku, haʻalele mua nā cubs i ka nalo a hoʻomaka i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ke akamai o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka meaʻai.
Nā mea huna o ka kūleʻa
Ma ke ala o ke ola a me ka hana maʻamau, pili ka mea nui i kahi keaka poʻo me kona ʻūhā hina, akā ʻo ka kokoke o kahi kanaka i kaumaha ke kaumaha. Eia nō naʻe, ua hoʻopiha pono loa nā kime hina omnivorous i ke ola o ke kūlanakauhale ma nā mokupuni Pelekane a, me ka nui o nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe, ua ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ka lehulehu o kā lākou ʻenemi ulaula. Akā ma ka māhele o Eurasian mai Scandinavia a hiki i Kina ponoʻī, ke noho mau nei nā mākaʻi maʻamau i mau mākaʻi o nā ululāʻau he nui, kahi i hiki ʻole mai ai nā kolo hina.
ʻO kahi mākāne maʻamau ke liʻiliʻi ma mua o kona hoahānau ʻeleʻele, ua kāhiko ʻia i ke kapa ʻulaʻula ulaula a he mau ʻeke kona mau pepeiao.
Nā hōʻailona kūmole o kahi puʻu hina hina
ʻO ka hāhā hina hina ke kino i ka nui o ke kino mai 38 a 52.5 cm. ʻO ke aniani ka 15 a 25 cm cm. ʻO nā auricles mai 2.5 a 3.3 cm. ʻO ke kala o ka huluhulu i hoʻomoʻa ʻia e ka hina hina me ka poni ʻulaʻula a ʻulaʻula, i kekahi manawa ke keʻokeʻo.
ʻO ka puʻu hina hina hina (Sciurus carolinensis).
ʻOi aku ka nui o ka poli hina a ʻoi paha ma mua o ke kuʻi ʻulaʻula maʻamau, maʻamau ma kahi o 10 mauniha ka lōʻihi a he ʻāpana nui fluffy 8 mau loa.
I ka hoʻoilo, ua māloʻu ka lalo o ke kāʻei o Caroline.
ʻO ka lauoho ma ka welau e lilo i ʻulaʻula, tan, ʻulaʻula.
Ka kohoʻana o ka baʻi hina hina.
Kahi ʻia ka lāʻau poʻo hina ʻo Caroline ma ka ʻĀkau ʻAmelika Hema. Loaʻa ma ke komohana o ka muliwai ʻo Mississippi. Noho ma ka ʻākau o Kanada. E hoʻohana pono i Ireland, ʻEkelani, ʻEnelani, ʻAmelika, e kaohi ana i kahi lāʻau pākahi maʻamau.
Palena Palapala oʻoleola
Loaʻa ka lāʻau poʻomele hina o Caroline i loko o nā konohui i hui ʻia - nā ulu lāʻau coniferous, kahi e ulu ai nā lāʻau a me nā kumu pā i ulu me nā ʻalā a me nā beeches. E makemake ana i nā wahi nahele me kahi wahi o 40 mau heket.
I ka hāʻule ʻana i ʻike ʻia i nā mahina e kokoke ana i ka nahele i nā māla.
ʻO ka hana hou ʻana o ka lāʻau kila hina ʻo Caroline
Nā huaheʻe Grey Carolina i kā Dekemapa - Pepeluali, ma ka ʻākau o ka awina i kekahi manawa ma hope iki - i Mei-Iune. Malia paha he kūlike o ka pōkole lua i Iulai. Ma mua o ka moe ʻana, e alualu nā kāne i nā wahine noʻelima mau lā, e uhi ana i ka lōʻihi o 500 mau mika. Hoʻonohonoho ka rodent i kahi pūnana - he guyo ma ke ʻano o ka pōpō i haku ʻia e nā pua a me nā hua pua i hoʻopili ʻia me nā lau. ʻO ka lining ka fluff, moss a me ka mauʻu maloʻo.
I ke kauwela, aia ka nīpona ma luna o kahi lālā, a i ka hoʻoilo i ka wa hoʻoilo hūnā huna i nā hollows.
Hāpai ka wahine i nā ʻōpio 44 lā. ʻIke ʻia ʻo Belchata, ʻike wale ʻia lāua ʻo vibrissae. ʻO ka paona o nā pēpē hou 13-18 gram. Noho ka waiūʻai 7-10 mau hebedoma. A laila ʻo ka molt mua e loaʻa ana i loko o nā ʻōpala, a loaʻa i ka hulu i ka kala o kekahi holoholona makua. I ka makahiki o ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o hoʻokahi makahiki, ke kaupaona nei lākou e like me nā puʻuwai makua. I ka brood, maʻa mau he 2-4 mau panina, ʻaʻole 8.
Noho ʻo Caroline Squirrel ma ʻAmelika Hema hikina.
Waiho ʻo Belchata i ka pale i ka makahiki 3 mau mahina. Hiki i nā wahine ʻōpio ke hāʻawi i nā keiki i ka wā he 5.5 mau mahina, akā ʻoi aku paha, ma mua o ka makahiki hoʻokahi. Mālama ʻo nā keiki i ka moekolohe, hiki i ka 11 mahina, akā inā i hui pū ʻia nā baʻa me kahi kāne makua, ʻoi aku ka poperty ma hope o 2 mau makahiki.
06.12.2019
ʻO ka protein hina, a i ʻole protein Caroline (lat. Sciurus carolinensis) pili i ka ʻohana squirrel (Sciuridae). Mai ka wā kahiko, ua ʻai ʻia kāna ʻiʻo e nā ʻAmelika ʻAmelika Hema. Ma hope mai, hāʻule nā mea lawaiʻa pale pale i ke aloha me ia. Ma UK, kūʻai ʻia i kekahi manawa i loko o nā hale kūʻai a lawelawe ʻia i nā ʻaina momona i loko o nā hale ʻaina kūloko.
Ma waho o Foggy Albion, ʻaʻole i kaulana nui ka ʻiʻo Caroline i waena o nā lāʻau gourmets. Kaukaʻi nā kauka i ka hōʻole ʻana mai i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i kona mau puʻuwai ma muli o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka hopena o ka maʻi ʻo Creutzfeldt-Jakob, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka maʻi hānai pipi.
I USA, ua kaulana kēia rodent i ka wā o ke Kaua Honua II. Ua kipa aku kahi kāne i kapa ʻia ʻo Tommy Tucker i ka lole kapa wahine a ua hōʻike i nā ʻano hana ʻino. Ua komo ʻo ia i nā hanana aloha a mālama i nā ʻAmelika e kūʻai i nā kūloko hōʻaiʻē kaua. ʻO Club Tommy Tucker, ka mea i hāpai i ka hoʻohanohano ʻana i nā holoholona, ʻoi aku ka nui o kā 30 mau lālā.
Ua hānau ʻia ka hero herory i ka makahiki 1942 ma ke kikowaena o Wakinekona, kahi i make ʻole ai ʻo ia mai ka ʻōpū mai. Ua hānai ʻia ʻo ia e kahi kāne Bullis, hele aku a hana ʻia i nā ʻano moʻomeheu maikaʻi. Ua make ʻo ia i ka puʻuwai puʻuwai i kona mau makahiki ʻehiku, e hele nei i ke kaʻaahi me kāna mau haku ma ke kūkulu hema-komohana o ke aupuni.
Ua hoʻopuka mua ʻia kēia mau ʻano ma 1788 e ka German naturalist Johann Friedrich Gmelin.
ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona o ka noho lāʻau hina momoli Caroline
ʻO Kririnskaya poʻomu hina ka lāʻau ikaika hoʻoikaika i ka lā āpau. No ka ola ola he poʻe ma kahi o 1 hectare o ka nahele.
I nā makahiki maloʻo, hoʻomohala nā holoholona i nā holoholona he nui e holo lōʻihi ana a e kaʻaʻi i nā kuʻe wai.
He mea ʻole naʻe ke kumu e pani ai i kēia neʻe nui loa i ka ʻimi ʻana i nā wahi noho i momona loa i ka meaʻai.
Hiki i nā mākeke hina keʻa ke kaha i ke kahawai. Ma kēia hihia, hoʻokiʻekiʻe lākou i ko lākou huakaʻi koʻikoʻi e hiki ʻole ai e maka, a kau i ka holo. Ke hele nei ka nui o ka holo ʻana i nā holoholona inā he hapa ʻole o ka meaʻai, i ka wā o ke ahi ahi, a i ka wā i hiki mai ai ka nūhou o ka rodents. Hoʻopaʻa pinepine kēia ʻano i ka hoʻoilo.
I nā makahiki ulu o kēia ulu a i ʻole i kahi makahiki aniani, hōʻuluʻulu kēia mau mea i loko o nā "hipa" nui a lele a ʻimi i ka wahi i nā wahi kūpono.
Kūpono nā mea kūleʻa Grey Carolina no ka pio. Hoʻokahi ʻano hiʻohiʻona pono e ʻike nā mea aloha holoholona: ʻehā pinepine nā holoholona. ʻAʻole ia e kuhikuhi ʻia e mālama i kēia ʻano o nā koʻi kahi i hala nā ʻelemakule a me nā keiki. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi e koho i kahi ʻōpio'ōpio. I kēia manawa, hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia nā holoholona i ka wikiwiki a paʻa i ke ʻano nā reflexes.
I mea e hoʻomaʻamaʻa koke ai ka protein i ka wikiwiki, pono ʻoe e hānai i ka squirrel, e lawelawe ana i ka meaʻai ma kou lima.
E noʻonoʻo e pāʻani a leʻaleʻa i ka holoholona, hoʻokumu i nā lālā maloʻo, pālahalaha nā cones o nā lāʻau coniferous. Pono ka lumi e lawe i nā mea āpau e hoʻoweliweli ʻana i ka koʻi. ʻO ka hoʻohanohano ʻana me ka ʻīlio a me ka ʻīlio paha e hoʻopiʻi ʻia i ka manawa e hoʻohana ai ka poʻe koa i ka wā hou.
Ke hoʻokuʻu nei i ka lāʻau baʻi no kahi hele ʻana ma waho o ka lua, e hoʻoneʻe i nā mea waiwai nui mai ka mahina o ka ʻike o ka holoholona, inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e kolohe.
Mālama nā mākeke i loko o ka noho pio ʻana i ko lākou mau ʻano. ʻAʻole hauʻoli nā holoholona i ke ʻano o nā malihini i ka hale. I kēia manawa, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka protein e hoʻi i ka pahu. Noho ke aliʻi o Grey Carolina i ka noho pio ʻana no kahi 15 mau makahiki.
ʻO nā niho a kā Squirrel kekahi mea koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi no ka pale a me ka wehe ʻana i ka meaʻai.
He pīhoihoi loa nā squirrels i ka piʻi pinepine ʻana i loko o kahi ʻōpala a nānā i nā mea i ʻike.
Hoʻomau mau nā poli hina i nā pāʻani, ʻālei i ko lākou mau manamana lima a me nā pepeiao i kekahi manawa, akā ke hana mālie nei kēia mau hana.
Hiki i ka protein nui aʻe ke pao inā he makaʻu a makaʻu paha. Hoʻokahi manawa i ka hebedoma, pono ʻoe e ʻoki i nā piʻipiʻi, no ka mea ma ke ʻano kūlohelohe ka ʻūhā maoli i ka neʻe ʻana i ka lāʻau. I ka pio, ua kau ʻia kahi wili lāʻau i loko o ka lua no ka holo a ka holoholona, i huki ʻia nā ʻaoʻao.
Kālā
Aia ka wahi i loko no nā moku ma ka hikina a ma waena o ʻAmelika Huipū a ma ke kūkulu hema. Ua lawe ʻia aku nā pahu koa Caroline i ʻEnelani, ʻInelani, Italia a me ʻAmelika Hema, kahi i kūleʻa maikaʻi ʻia ai lākou. Hoʻomaka lākou e hōʻole i nā kūpuna maʻamau (Sciurus vulgaris) a me nā mele mele he nui, ʻehaʻeha i ka pale kaulike.
I ka makahiki 2016, ua ʻae ke Komisina o ʻEulopa i nā malihini e like me ke ʻano he invasive. Kuhi ʻia ʻole ʻoi ʻia nā lāʻau poliuma a me kā lākou kūʻai ʻana ma ke kahua o ka Hui ʻEulopa.
I ka makahiki 1889, ua lawe ʻia he mau rodents 350 mai ʻAmelika Huipū ʻia i ke kalana o Bedfordshire ma East Anglia. I kēia manawa ua helu ʻia ko lākou heluna he miliona miliona i kahi kanaka. ʻO nā ho'āʻo a pau e kaupalena i kona ulu a hiki i kēia i pau i ka hana ʻole ʻana.
Noho nā holoholona i nā ulu nahele. Noho wiwo ʻole lākou i loko o nā māla a me nā māka e kokoke ana i nā noho kanaka, akā e pale aku i nā wahi ākea. I ka hapanui pinepine, loaʻa nā protein Caroline i nā haʻahaʻa. Ma nā mauna, ʻike ʻia lākou i nā kiʻekiʻe a hiki i 900 m ma luna o ke kai.
Aia he 5 subspecies. He hanana maʻamau nā subspecies i nā moku o North and South Carolina.
ʻO ka waiwai maikaʻiʻole o ka kalepa o ka hina o Carolina i loko o ka pūlii
Ua hōʻino ʻia nā lāʻau ʻōpiopio a Grey Carolina. Kahu ka Rodents i ka ʻōpala a inu i ka wai momona mai ka wahie. A ʻo ka hopena, alakaʻi ia i ka ʻai a me ka make o ka lāʻau. Hoʻopilikia kūlike loa i nā rodents he maple a me beech.
Ua holo pū ʻia nā ba a Grey Carolina, ua luku ʻia ko lākou mau lua, ua ʻike ʻia nā pahele. Akā ulu wikiwiki lākou i ka ulu i ka ʻāina me kekahi mau lāʻau ulu coniferous a ākea. Akā i ka manawa like, nā ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ka mālama ʻana i nā nati a me nā hua no ka hoʻoilo, hoʻoili i ka hoʻolaha ʻana o nā mea kanu i loko o nā mea kanu. Pono ʻia ka mana hoʻomoʻi e mālama i kahi kaulike ma waena o ka helu o nā rodents a me nā mea kanu.
Inā loaʻa ʻoe i kahi hala, e koho i kahi ʻāpana a me ka paʻi Ctrl + Kākau.
ʻAno lawehala
Ka hana a ka hina hina i ka wā o ke ao. Ma ke awakea, hoʻomaha ʻo ia, e peʻe ana i ka wela o ke awakea i kāna peʻe. ʻO ka māhele o ka home home o kekahi kanaka makua he 5-30 ha.
Koho ka holoholona i nā wahi i nā nahele me kahi haʻalulu pōkole no kona wahi, kahi ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka peʻe mai nā poʻe wīwī e hahai ana iā ia. Kūkulu ʻo ia i kāna pūnana ma luna o nā kumu lāʻau a i ʻole nā pua o nā kumulāʻau. E like me nā lako hana, nā ʻōpala, nā lau, ka lau a me ka hulu.
Loaʻa i ka pūnana kahi ʻano spherical a me kahi a 30-60 cm. Hiki ke hoʻohui pū ʻia nā kāne a me nā wahine i loko o ka wā hoʻoulu a i ʻole nā kīhāpai koʻikoʻi e hoʻomau i ka mahana.
ʻO kekahi manawa i nā holoholona i ʻaihue ma luna o ka hale o nā hale a ma lalo o kahi canopy ma nā paia o waho. Makemake lākou e hoʻōki i nā kaula uila, ke alakaʻi pinepine nei i nā pōkole a me nā ahi.
Hiki i nā lāʻau hoʻokele Carolina ke piʻi i nā ʻāpana i lalo. Ke iho nei i lalo i ka lepo, a huli ʻo ia i kona mau wāwae a ke kuhikuhi nei nā limu o kona mau wāwae ʻānu a pale i ka ʻāʻā.
Mālama ʻo ka rodent i ka meaʻai, kahi e mālama ai i nā wahi huna ma kona wahi. He nui kekahi o lākou e hana pōkole a kokoke i kahi mea i loaʻa. Ma hope o kekahi mau hola a i ʻole mau lā, e peʻe ka polaki iā lākou ma kahi wahi e pono ai. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻi i nā wahi huna pilikino a hiki ma hope o 2-3 mau mahina.
No kēlā me kēia kau, kahi mea pīkoi hina hoʻokahi i mau tausani mau wahi huna, e hoʻomanaʻo ana i ko lākou wahi i nā kahua ākea e puni ana. ʻO ka mea ʻāʻī, a i ka wā i ʻike ʻia ai, hoʻokani ʻo ia i ka ʻāpana o ka ʻāina, ʻoi loa ia i ka wā maloʻo nui ka ʻāina a uhi ʻia paha me ka uhi o ka hau.
ʻAʻole hibernate nā kākela lāʻau, no laila ko lākou ola i ka hoʻoilo e pili pū ana i ka nui o nā lāʻau i hana ʻia.
ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe kumu nui (Vulpes vulpes), lynx ʻulaʻula (Lynx lynx), nā ʻīlio (Canis lupus) a me nā ʻaile nui. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa nā holoholona i kēlā me kēia i kā lākou aʻoʻana me nā hiʻi kūwau. Ke ʻike nei lākou i kahi mea predator, huna koke lākou i ko lākou pā. Ma nā lāʻau, ma muli o kā lākou kiʻekiʻe, hina i nā poʻe hina hina.
Mea ʻai
Loaʻa ka loea ʻo Carolina i ka ʻai ma nā kihi o nā kumulāʻau. He mea nui loa ʻo ia a ʻai i nā mea a pau āna i hana ai. Hoʻopili i nā huaʻai, acorns, nā hua, nā ʻōpala a me nā ʻōpio'ōpiopio, eʻai nui ka holoholona i nā pipi, pīpī a me kā lākou puʻupuʻu. Hoʻokomo pū ka papa papa inoa i nā mōmela liʻiliʻi, ka baki, nā hua manu a me nā huaʻi puaʻa.
Nui loa ke aloha o ka rodent i nā huaʻa o ka hawthorn (Crataegus) a me nā hua o kahi ʻoni puaʻa (Aesculus).
I ka hāʻule, ua ʻimi pinepine ʻo ia i nā ʻōpū ma luna o ka lepo, a maloʻo kekahi kekahi no ka hoʻoilo. Mamuli o ka makahiki a me ke ʻano wahine, pono ʻo ia mai 50 a 70 g o ka hānai i kēlā me kēia lā.
Hana ʻia ka ʻai i ke kakahiaka a me ke ahiahi.E hoʻihoʻi i ka wai hoʻoliʻu kino o ke kino, weluwelu mau ka holoholona i nā iwi, hoʻokuʻu ʻia i nā pepeiaʻi ʻokiʻoki a me nā mea ʻono.
ʻAno hānau
Loaʻa ka Puberty i ke makahiki he 8-12 mau mahina. Hoʻomaka ka puʻu ʻo Males i ka hopena o ka makahiki o ke ola o kona ola, i loaʻa i ke kuleana e hoʻomau i ka moʻomeheu me nā hoʻokūkū hoʻokūkū.
Hoʻomaka ka wā hānai i ka mahina o Ianuali, a ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o ka laulā ma Dekemaba. Ma muli o ka hoʻoilo a me ka hoʻoilo, hoʻomaka kona hoʻomaka ma Pepeluali.
Ke alakaʻi nei nā holoholona i kahi kūlana polygamous a me ka hoa aloha me nā hoa pili. Ma hope o ka moe ʻana, ua māhele ʻia nā kāne me nā kāne a hōʻike ʻole i ka makemake i ka hopena o kā lākou hua.
Hoʻomoe ka wā maʻi a 42 mau lā 45. Hānau ka wahine i nā keiki he 3-7 cuber ma kāna pūnana. Ua hānau lāua he hubo, he kuli a makapō. Ke kaupaona nei nā poli wahine hou i ka 8-12 g. Ua uhi ʻia lākou i ka hulu hipa ma ka hopena o ka hebedoma ʻelua, a ma kahi o hoʻokahi mahina o ka makahiki e wehe ai ko lākou mau maka.
I ka makahiki mua o ke ola, a hiki i 60% o nā piriki i lilo i mea mau i ka poʻe predator.
ʻO keʻano
ʻO ka lōʻihi kino 23-30 cm, a me ka huelo 18-25 cm. Kaumaha 400-700 g.
ʻO ka hulu pōkole pōkole ke kala ʻia i nā kala like ʻole a hina paha-hina. Paipai ʻia ka brown brown i ka wahi o ke poʻo. He poʻo hina a ʻākala paha ka ʻōpū a me ka ʻōpū.
Ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o Canada, ua loaʻa nā holoholona me kahi ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele.
ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka pepeiao hiki i 30 mm. Loaʻa iā lākou kahi ʻano kikoʻī. He 22 mau niho i ka waha. Ke ulu mau nei nā ʻokiʻoki.
ʻO ke ola ola o kahi protein Caroline ma ka nahele aia he mau makahiki he 10-12.
Nā hiʻohiʻona momona Protein
ʻO nā mea āpaka, he nui nā kime, a ʻo ka hapanui o lākou nā hua kanu conifers (spruce, pine, pine lāʻau Siberian, fir, larch). Ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o ka lehelehe, i nā nahele lāʻau i lalo o ka hazel, kahi e ʻai ai lākou i nā acorns a me nā hazelnuts. ʻAi pū kekahi nā squirrels i ka huaʻai (no ka laʻana, ka trerle a me nā mea ʻōpala), nā ʻōpio a me nā lālā liʻiliʻi o nā kumulā, nā huaʻaila, nā kūmato a me nā rhizomes, lichens, nā mea kanu. Me ka loaʻa ʻole o ka meaʻai nui, māhuahua ka hapa o ka mea i ka hopena o ka meaʻai. I ka wā hoʻolele, huli pinepine nā squirrels i ka meaʻai holoholona, ʻai i nā iniseti a me kā lākou pili, hua, hua manu, vertebrates liʻiliʻi. Ma hope o ka hoʻoilo, kau nā poli i nā iwi o nā holoholona make.
No ka hoʻoilo, mālama nā squirrels i nā acorns, nati, cones, nā mea i mālama ʻia i nā hollows a kanu ʻia i waena o nā aʻa, kālai ʻia i nā lālā a me ka ʻōpala maloʻo. Ma nā manawa like ʻole ke kau ʻia o nā pū nunui, ai loko o ka hoʻoilo ke loaʻa i ka manawa, ʻaʻole ma ka mea nona kā lākou mau manu, nā manu, nā rodents, a me nā bears brown. I ka manawa like, ʻai nā squirrels i nā lāʻau i hana ʻia nā ʻokiʻoki, nā kuina pine a me nā kiʻi.
ʻO ka nui o ka meaʻai i kēlā me kēia lā i kēlā me kēia manawa: i ka pūnāwai, e ʻai ka protein a hiki i 80 g i kēlā me kēia lā, i ka hoʻoilo ma kahi o 35 g.
Guiana a i ʻole ʻo Brazilian puʻu (Sciurus aestuans)
ʻOi loa ka lōʻihi o ke kino iā 20 cm, ʻehā e pili ana i 18 cm lōʻihi.ʻO ke kaumaha a 180 g.
Ua hoʻonāukiuki kēia ʻano ma ʻAmelika Hema (ʻAmelika, Brazil, Guyana, French Guiana, Suriname a me Venezuela). Noho ma nā ululāʻau a me nā paka pā o ke kūlanakauhale.
Malana Kaikuahine (Sciurus alleni)
ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino o ka wahine aia ma kahi o 25 cm, ʻo ke poʻo a hiki i 20 cm, ʻo ke kaumaha a hiki i 500 g. ʻO ke kāne ka lōʻihi o ke kino o 27 cm, ʻo ka ʻihi he 17 cm, hiki ke paona i ka 450 g. ʻEleʻele ka luna o ke poʻo. Poni kala kekeʻe. He ʻulaʻula hina ka pepeiao. ʻO ka ʻeleʻele hina ka hina. Keʻokeʻo ka tummy. Ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā lālā kiʻekiʻe a lalo e kahi laina ʻalani hina pōkole. ʻEleʻele ka huʻu me ka lauoho hina. Ma lalo iho, he kapa-ʻulaʻula a he melemele paha. I ke kauwela, eʻoi aku ka pale o ka ʻai. He palupalu ka hulu ma luna o ke kua, pohilohi ka huelo.
Ua ʻaʻa ka mea ʻala ma ka ʻĀkau o Mekiko, kahi i noho ai ʻo ia i nā nahele lāʻau.
ʻO Persian or Caucasian squirrel (Sciurus anomalus)
ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino he 20-25.5 cm, ʻo ka huelo he 13-17 cm ka lōʻihi, ma ka laulā 332-432 g ka pōkole, ʻaʻohe pepeiao o nā pepeiao. He keʻokeʻo, ʻōmaʻomaʻo ka pulu ma luna o ka maka, ka ʻulaʻula a me nā ʻaoʻao. Nā momi a me ka umauma a i ʻole ka ʻalani māmā a i ʻole ka māmā. ʻO ka huelo he chestnut-rusty a ʻonaʻulaʻula paha.
He mea maʻamau ka ʻano ma ka Hikina Waena a me ka Caucasus, ma Transcaucasia, Asia Minor a me Asia Minor, ma Iran, ma nā mokupuni ʻo Lesbos lāua ʻo Gokchead i ke Kai Aegean.
Wili a Lime Palani gula (Sciurus aureogaster)
ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino o ka wahine he 26 cm, ʻo ka lōʻihi o ka huelo he 25 cm, paona 500 g. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino kāne he 27 cm, ʻehā ka lōʻihi o 25 cm, ke kaumaha a hiki i 500 g.
Noho ʻana o Guatemala a me Mekiko, kahi e noho ai ia ma kahi kiʻekiʻe a hiki i ka 3800 m, ma nā ululāʻau, ʻo ia hoʻi ma nā kūlanakauhale.
Keʻena Collie (Sciurus colliaei)
He ʻeleʻele-hina ke kua, hope nā ʻaoʻao, ʻoluʻolu ka ʻōpū. ʻEleʻele ka ʻeleʻele a keʻokeʻo ma luna, hina-hina a ʻeleʻele paha a ʻeleʻele hoʻi ma lalo ma lalo.
Hoʻopau ka manuola i Mexico, kahi e noho ai i nā ululāʻau a me ka ulu lāʻau subtropical ma ke kahakai o ka Pākīpika.
ʻO ka pilule Depp (Sciurus deppei)
He pulu ʻulaʻula-ʻulaʻula nui ke kino wili me ka hina me ka hina a ʻulaʻula paha. He poʻo hina ka lua. ʻEleʻele ka hiʻu ma keʻokeʻo ma luna, rusty ma lalo. Tummy mai keʻokeʻo a melemele paha i ka ʻulaʻulaʻula.
Noho ia ma Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico a me Nicaragua, ma evergreen a me semi-evergreen palupalu a me ka ulu lāʻau ulu.
Maluna Keoni-Kunoa (Sciurus gilvigularis)
ʻO ke kino ka lōʻihi a 17 cm, ʻehā lōʻihi 17-18 cm. ʻO ka waihoʻoluʻu, like nā ʻano like me kahi koʻi Guiana, akā ʻoi aku ka māmā ma mua o ia. He ʻulaʻula-ʻōwele ke kua, ʻulaʻula-ʻulaʻulaʻula ka tummy. Hoʻopili ʻia ka huelo.
Hoʻopau loa kēia mau ʻano ma ʻAmelika Hema, i loaʻa ma Brazil, Guyana, Venezuela.
Hoʻopili Wāwī Līwī (Sciurus granatensis)
ʻO ka lōʻihi kino 33-52 cm, ka lōʻihi o ka huelo 14-28 cm. Maʻa 230-520 g. ʻEleʻele ka kua maka, akā he mau ʻeleʻele me kahi hina hina, ʻulaʻula a ʻulaʻula paha. ʻO ka ʻōpū a me ka umauma ke keʻokeʻo a ʻulaʻulaʻula. ʻĀhinahina ke poʻo me kahi ʻāpana ʻeleʻele.
Noho ka holoholona i loko o Central a me ʻAmelika Hema, ma nā ululāʻau a me nā kula kai ma nā kiʻekiʻe a hiki i 3000 m ma luna o ke kai.
Mokomilau (Keahi (Sciurus griseus))
ʻO ka ʻike nui loa. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino 50-60 cm, ka lōʻihi o ka huelo 24-30 cm, ke kaupaona ʻana o ke kaumaha ma ka laulā 520-942 g. ʻO ke kua he kala-kala, he keʻokeʻo ka tummy. Nui nā pepeiao, ʻaʻohe pala. Lōʻihi ka huelo. Keokeo keʻokeʻo kālā. ʻĀmaʻomaʻo nā maka.
Noho ia ma Mekiko a me USA, i nā lāʻau lāʻau ʻak-coniferous a hui ʻia.
Nayarit Squirrel (Sciurus nayaritensis)
ʻO ke kino o ka wahine e pili ana i 28 cm, ʻehā 27 cm. He 30 cm ka lōʻihi o ka maka, ʻo ka ʻehā 28 cm ka lōʻihi. He palupalu ka lole, ʻulaʻula a ka ʻulaʻula. He ʻiliʻili ka huelo, lōʻihi.
Noho ia ma ka hema ma Arizona, a me Mexico.
Fox aiʻole ke'ōwele kūpilikiʻi (Sciurus niger)
ʻO ka loa o ke kino 45-70 cm, ka lōʻihi o ka huelo 20-33 cm. Aia ka lōʻihi ma ka 500-1000 g. He māmā ka tummy. Aia kekahi hiʻohiʻona keʻokeʻo ma ka huelo a me ka maka.
He mea maʻamau ka mea i loko o ʻAmelika ʻAmelika.
ʻO ka Mākū maʻamau (Sciurus vulgaris) a i ʻole Whole
ʻO ka loa kino kino he 20-28 cm, ka lōʻihi o ka huakaʻi 13-19 cm, ke kaumaha 250-340 g. Ua puni ke poʻo, ʻeleʻele ka maka, nui. Pono ka pepeiao, me ka tassels. Ua palupalu ka huelo. ʻO ka hōkulu o ka hoʻoilo ma ka fluffy, ke kauwela paʻakikī, sparse, short. He ʻokoʻa loa ka kala, ʻoi aku ma mua o 40 mau subspesies i wehewehe. I ke kauwela me nā kala kala, ʻeleʻele a ʻeleʻele paha, i ka hoʻoilo me ka hina a me ke ʻeleʻele. Ke keʻokeʻo a ʻāʻama paha ka tummy.
Ke pālahalaha nei nā ʻano ma Eurasia mai ʻAkelika a i Kamchatka, Sakhalin a me Iapana.
ʻO Yucatan Squirrel (ʻO Sciurus ʻoʻohana)
ʻO ka loa kino 20-33 cm, ka lōʻihi o ka huelo 17-19 cm. ʻO ka hulu ma ke kua he hina me ka ʻeleʻele a me ka keʻokeʻo. He hina a ʻeleʻele paha ka moʻa, i kekahi manawa i ka hina hina a ʻeleʻele paha. ʻEleʻele ka wāwae i ka manawa, ʻeleʻele kekahi manawa. ʻEleʻele ka peʻa me nā blotches keʻokeʻo.
Loaʻa iā ia ma ka moku ʻo Yucatan, a me Mexico, Guatemala a me Belize, i nā wahi ulu ʻole a me ka pali.
Nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe
ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o nā Squirrels he mau ʻānei, nā goshawks, martens, nā sables. Ma ka ʻāina, ʻuʻuku nā ʻupeke me nā pōpoki iā lāua.
Akā ʻo ka nele o ka meaʻai a me ka maʻi e hoʻopilikia ai i ka nui o ka nui o ka lehulehu ma mua o nā mea wānana. Make pinepine nā Proteins mai coccidiosis, tularemia, septicemia, ʻōpū, ʻili a me nā fleas parasitize iā lākou.
ʻO nā ʻike e pili ana i nā mea rodent:
- No ka hoʻoilo, mālama ke kaha o nā squirrels i nā hua kanu, ke kanu nei iā lākou i ka lepo a peʻe paha i loko o nā kuahiwi. A ʻo kēia "ʻano" holoholona e kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i nā nahele, ʻoiai ka hapanui o nā poʻokela e hūnā i nā papa o lākou, a ulu nā lāʻau hou mai nā hua kanu ulu.
- I nā wahi noho, nā mea kanu kai mai nā kahu manu, ʻeli i nā mea kanu i kanu ʻia, a e hoʻonoho hoʻi i nā lotics. I nā kūlanakauhale, kūʻai pinepine nā squirrels no ka hana lima lima. I ka wā e hānai ana ke kanaka i kahi baʻi, hoʻi ʻo ia i kahi ʻāpana hou i ka lā aʻe. I ka manawa like, lawe ka holoholona i ka ʻai a pau e hāʻawi ai iā ia, a mālama pono iā ia i nā koena e ʻai ʻole ai.
- I kekahi manawa ke manaʻo ʻia nā mea kanu ʻino, no ka mea hiki iā lākou ke hūnā i kekahi mea. No laila, lilo lākou i kumu no ka mana o ka mana, i ko lākou koi ʻana i nā niho ma nā lālā o nā kumulāʻau, akā ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke hoʻokaʻawale i nā ʻili uila.
- ʻO ka Squirrel kekahi holoholona mālama hulu manu nui, kahi mea i kālepa o ka hulu manu. Hoʻopili nui ʻia ʻo ia ma ka palena taiga o ʻEulopa, i nā Urals a i Siberia.
Hoʻohele
ʻO ka carolinensis Sciurus tangata no ka hikina a me ke komohana waena o ʻAmelika Huipū ʻia, a i nā ʻaoʻao hema o nā moku hikina o Kanada. Hoʻopili ka ʻōiwi maoli o nā ʻōmole hina o ka hikina me nā ʻehā elum. ʻO Sciurus Niger ), ʻo ia ke kau hilahila ai i kekahi manawa, ʻoiai ʻo ka nui o ka nui o nā squirrels fox ke liʻiliʻi i ke komohana. ʻIke ʻia ka lāʻau poʻo hina hikina mai New Brunswick ma Manitoba, hema, ma East Texas a me Florida. Ka ʻike ʻia ʻana o nā ʻāpana hina hina hikina a loaʻa iā Nova Scotia, akā inā i ʻike ʻia ʻia kēia lehulehu a i puka mai ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka ʻano maoli. Ua hana pū ʻia i Irlandia, UK, ʻAtalia, ʻAmelika Hema, a me Australia (kahi i luku ʻia ai ʻo 1973). He pilikia ka ʻili hina hina ma ʻEulopa no ka mea ua neʻe lākou i kekahi o nā ʻāpana ʻōiwi ma laila. I ka makahiki 1966, ua lawe pū ʻia ʻia kēia pahu koa i Vancouver Island ma Western Canada ma ka moku Metchosin a hoʻolaha pālahalaha aku mai laila aku. Ua manaʻo ʻia lākou e hoʻoweliweli a hoʻoweliweli i ka ʻōpū o ka wahi a me ka ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula.
He lola manu kūpono a me ka ʻano like, ua hoʻokomo ʻia ʻo Eastern Grey Squirrel, a ke hana maikaʻi nei i kekahi o nā wahi o ke Komohana Komohana. ʻO Grey Squirrel kekahi mau inoa hoʻokolokolo N. ma UK, ua hoʻolaha ʻia ia a puni ka ʻāina a ua hoʻololi nui i nā ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻulaʻula maoli, S. palaka . ^ E Ha yM. Ma Irani, ua hoʻoili ʻia ke ʻāpana ʻulaʻula i loko o nā kalana hikina, ʻoiai ka mea maʻamau i ka hema a me ke komohana o ka ʻāina. ʻO ka manaʻo o kēlā neʻe i hiki ke ola ma Italia, he mea no ka hopohopo ia, no ka mea hiki ke hoʻēʻe i nā ʻāpana hina hina i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ka ʻAmelika.
Etimekema
Ka inoa inoa Nā Sciurus mai hua ʻōlelo Heleni ʻelua, Skia ʻo ke ʻano a me ka ʻAʻole hua huluhulu. ʻO kēia inoa inoa e pili ana i kahi ʻōpala e noho ana i ka malu o kona huila. Nā ʻōpū Spithet carolinensis , e pili ana iā Carolina, kahi i nānā mua ʻia ai nā mea ʻokoʻa a ma kahi o ka holoholona i ʻike pinepine ʻia. I ka United Kingdom a me Canada, e kapa ʻia ʻo ia ka "squirrel hina". I ka US, ua hoʻohana ʻia ka "hikina" i nā ʻano ʻokoʻa like ʻole mai nā mea kanu ʻeke o ke komohana. ʻO Sciurus psea ).
Hoʻohuli
Hiki i nā squirrels hina maʻa mau ke pālua i ʻelua makahiki. Ma muli o ka loaʻaʻana o ka hānai, nā pipi a me nā mea kahiko loina e hānai hou i ke kauwela. I loko o ka makahiki momona, aia ka 36% o nā wahine e lawe i ʻelua mau litters, akā ʻaʻohe mea e hana i kēia i ka makahiki o ka maikaʻi ʻona. ʻO ko lākou mau ʻōhua iwi no Dekemaba a me Mei-Iune, ʻoiai ʻo kēia ka mea i noho i nā latina ʻākau. Ua hānau ka litter ma mua o Pepeluali a o Malaki paha, ka lua ma Iune a Iulai paha, ʻoiai, ʻo ka hāpai ʻana ke hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi a hoʻolōʻihi ʻia paha no nā hebedoma e like me ke kūlana climatic, ka mahana a me ka loaʻa o nā meaʻai. I nā wā hoʻouluulu, he awelika o 61 - 66% o nā wahine he ʻōpio. Inā ʻaʻole hiki i ka wahine ke hāpai a haʻalele i kāna wā'ōpiopio i ke anuanu a me ka wānana, komo hou ʻo ia i ka estrus a loaʻa kahi litter ma hope aʻe. ʻElima mau lā ma mua o ke komo ʻana o kahi wahine i ka estrus, hiki iā ia ke hoʻohuki i ka 34 mau kāne mai ka 500 mika. He ʻano polygamy ka poʻe hina hina, kahi i hana ai nā kāne hoʻokūkū i kahi hierarchy o ka mana aliʻi, a me nā wāhine wahine me kekahi mau kāne, e hilinaʻi ana i ka hierarchy i hoʻokumu ʻia.
ʻO ka pinepine, ʻoi a ʻehā paha mau ʻōpio i hānau ʻia i kēlā me kēia kumulāʻau, akā ʻo ka ʻānō nui loa o ka litter e ʻewalu paha. Loaʻa ka manawa gestational ma kahi o 44 lā. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā Chicks no 10 mau pule, ʻoiai e hiki ai ke kau ʻana ma kahi o ʻeono mau pule ma hope o nā heʻeono. Hoʻomaka lākou e haʻalele i ka nīhi ma hope o nā hebedoma 12; i ka hoʻoilo, ua hānau pinepine nā ʻōpio i ka hoʻoilo me ko lākou makuahine. Hoʻokahi wale nō mākaukau hoʻokahi o nā puʻupuʻu ʻehā i hoʻokahi makahiki, me ka make o ka make ma kahi o 55% i kēlā makahiki e hiki mai ana. A laila e hāʻule ka make o ka maʻi make ma kahi o 30% no nā makahiki e hiki mai ana, a hiki i kona hoʻonui pinepine ʻana i nā makahiki ʻewalu.
Kēia, hiki i nā wahine hina ʻehā ke hoʻolauna i ka estrus i ka wā he ʻelima a me ka hapalua malama, a ʻo ka hapanui wahine ʻaʻole ulu momona no ka liʻiliʻi o hoʻokahi makahiki. ʻO ko lākou mau makahiki maʻamau o ka rut mua he 1.25 mau makahiki. ʻO ka heleʻana o kahi kāne momona e hoʻoulu ʻia ka ovulation i kahi wahine e hele ana ma ka estrus. ʻO nā kāne hina ʻulima o nā kāne hina mai kekahi a hiki i ʻelua mau makahiki. He lōʻihi no nā makahiki Reproductive no nā wahine he 8 mau makahiki, ʻo 12.5 mau makahiki i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma North Carolina. Hiki i kēia mau kuli ke noho i ka noho pio ʻana a hiki i 20 mau makahiki, akā ma ka hihiu ke ola lākou i kahi ola pōkole ma muli o ka wānana a me ka pilikia o ko lākou noho. I ka hānau hānau ʻana, ʻo 1-2 mau makahiki ʻoi aku ka ola, ʻo ka pākeke, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, hiki ke ola i nā makahiki ʻeono, me nā mea kūʻokoʻa loa, e hoʻolilo ai iā ia i 12 mau makahiki.
ʻO ka ulu a me Ontogenesis
Ke kaupaona nei nā koʻi poʻi hina hou a 13-18 mau kāleka piha a kūpaʻahaʻa a ʻulaʻula, ʻoiai ua loaʻa ka vibrissae i ka wā hānau. 7-10 mau lā ma hope o ka hānau ʻana, hoʻomaka ka ʻili o ka ʻili, ma mua o ka ulu ʻana o ka ʻona ulu. Hōʻalo nā mea haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa loa 19-21 mau lā ma hope o ka hānau ʻana, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā incisors ma hope o 4 mau pule. ʻO nā pipi i ka wai ma ka hebedoma 6. E hāmaka nā maka ma hope o nā lā 21-42, a hāmama nā pepeiao i nā wiki he 3-4 ma hope o ka hānau ʻana. Hoʻomaka ʻia ka wean e pili ana i 7 mau hebedoma ma hope o ka hānau ʻana, a hoʻopau pinepine i ka wiki 10th, a laila ma ka lilo o ka lauoho lauoho. ʻO ka paona piha piha o kahi pākeke i hiki aku i 8-9 mau mahina ma hope o ka hānau ʻana.
Pili ʻana
E like me ka hapa nui o ka momona, ʻo ka pili ma waena o nā alo ʻula hina ʻehā e pili ana i ka lua o ka vocalization a me ka posturing. He ʻike hou i ka hiʻona o ka hoʻokalakupua, ʻo ia hoʻi kekahi kaila, he kaʻi like, nā leo haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, ke kamaʻilio ʻana, a me kahi puʻū Mehr Mehr Mehr. ʻO nā ala ʻē aʻe e pili ana i ka pili ʻana i ka ʻikepili a me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe, me ka hōʻike ʻana o ka maka. Hōʻalo ʻia ka pahila a me kahi "kuki" a i ʻole ka "quaa" e pale aku ai a lūlū i nā pahu ʻē aʻe e pili ana i nā mea wīlani, a hoʻolaha pū hoʻi i ka wā e haʻalele ana kahi mea kolohe i kahi. Hana pū kekahi Chipmunks i kahi kani COO-purr i hōʻalo ʻia, kāhea ʻia nā mea olaola i ke kani "MUK-MUK". Hoʻohana ʻia kēia ma ke ʻano he leo kamaʻilio ma waena o ka makuahine a me kāna mau hoʻonohonoho a ma ka pākeke, ke kāne, i ka wā e mālama ai ʻo ia i ka wahine i ka wā hana.
Ua hōʻike ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana o ke kamaʻilio leo a me ka ʻike ke ʻano e like me nā wahi, e pili ana i nā mea like e like me ke kani ʻana a me ka nui o ka wahi ākea. No laila, no ka laʻana, ka poʻe e noho nei i loko o nā kūlanakauhale nui, e like me ke ʻano he kānāwai, e hilinaʻi nui ana i nā hōʻailona ʻike, no ka mea, ʻo ke kai laulā nui me nā wahi he nui ʻole o ka paʻa ʻole ʻike maka. Eia nō naʻe, ma nā wahi lāʻau koʻikoʻi nui, e hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nā hōʻailona leo ma muli o nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a me ke koʻo palaka e palena i ka ʻike ʻike ʻia.
Kauʻai
ʻO nā hale hina hina koholā e ʻai i ka nui o nā meaʻai, e like me ka lāʻau lāʻau, nā kumulāʻau hua, nā hua, nā ʻano hua like ʻole a me nā huaʻai, nā walnuts a me nā ʻano lāʻau ʻē aʻe e like me nā hazelnuts (e nānā i ke kiʻi) a me kekahi mau ʻano ʻano i loaʻa i nā ululāʻau, ʻo ia hoʻi ka agaric kauwela ʻakā ( Holo ka agaric )Hiki iā lākou ke hōʻino i nā kumu lāʻau ma ka uhai ʻana i ka ʻili a me ka ʻai ʻana i ka palu cambial i lalo ma lalo. I ʻEulopa, maple keʻokeʻo L.) a me Beech ( Fagus sylvatica L.) hōʻeha maikaʻi loa. Hoʻokani pū ʻia ka squirrels i nā kīhāpai no ka ʻōmato, ka palaoa, ka lāʻau ʻōpala a me nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe. I kekahi manawa ua ʻai lākou i nā hua kamato a hoʻokaʻawale i nā mea āpau. I kekahi mau hihia, ua ʻānai nā māla hina i ka hikina i nā pepeke, baki, nā mea liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, a me nā kiʻi ʻē aʻe a me nā manu liʻiliʻi, kā lākou hua a me nā ʻōpio. Ua haki hoʻi lākou i nā iwi, nā pepeiaohao, a me nā nū moana - ʻo ia paha kahi kumu o ka minuke i nele i kā lākou papaʻai maʻamau.
Ua loaʻa i ka squirrels hina hina i nā kānaka e noho i nā wahi noho a me ka puʻu ʻana o kahi puaʻa no ka millet, mais a me ka pulupulu. ʻO kekahi poʻe e hānai ana a nānā i nā manu no ka leʻaleʻa ua ʻimi pū kekahi i nā huaʻaʻai a me nā huaʻai i nā protein no ke kumu like. Eia nō naʻe, ma UK, hiki i nā ʻāpana hina hina i ke hapa i ka hapa nui o ka ʻai mau mai nā mea hānai, e pale ana i ke komo a hoʻemi i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā manu hihiu. Ke hoihoi nei i nā mea hānai ʻai hou e hoʻonui i ka ʻohana manu o ka poʻe ʻakaʻaka o ka ʻakaʻaka, ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka nui o nā lālima hina hina i ke kīʻai e pili ana i ka hānai, kahi e hoʻonui ai i ka nui o ka lawaiʻa, nā hua a me nā mea liʻiliʻi.
Hoʻaiho
Ma ka wao nahele, nā ʻāpana hina a ʻulaʻula e ʻike ana e noho ana i nā wahi nui o ka nui, ka nui o nā kaola ma ke ʻano he nui, e uhi ana i 100 eka (40 ha) o ka ʻāina. ʻO kēia mau lāʻau, i ke kānāwai, he nui ka nui o ka lau o lalo o nā mea kanu, e hoʻolako ai iā lākou i kahi kūpono o nā wahi meaʻai a me nā wahi kūpono. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā lāʻau ʻalā Hickory ma mua o nā ulu lāʻau coniferous.
ʻOi aku ka makemake o nā lālā hina ʻehā no ka kūkulu ʻana i kā lākou mau lāʻau ma nā lālā lāʻau nui a i nā lāʻau lāʻau hoha. Eia kekahi, ʻike lākou e heʻe ma nā puʻuwai manu i haʻalele ʻia. Hoʻopili ʻia nā kola me nā mea moss, fluff, mauʻu maloʻo a me ka hulu. Hiki paha iā lākou ke hāʻawi i ke kōkua i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ka moat i hoʻohana i ka hōʻemi i ka hoʻoluhi wela. Hoʻopau pinepine ʻia ka pani ma ka lua ma hope.
Ma nā wahi noho, kokoke nā ʻeleʻele hina hikina i loaʻa i nā paka a i nā kua o nā hale i nā kūlanakauhale nui a me nā mahiʻai i ka ʻāina.
Hoʻomau
Ua hoʻokomo ʻia ʻo Eastern Grey Squirrel i nā wahi ma ke Komohana ʻĀkau ʻĀkau: ma ke komohana Kanada, ma ke kihi hema hema o ka British Columbia a me ke kūlanakauhale ʻo Calgary, Alberta, i United States, i nā moku o Wakinekona a me Oregon, a ma Kaleponi, i na kaona o Kapalakiko a me na wahie o Kapalakiko ma Kapalakiko ma San Mateo a me Santa Clara kaona, hema o ke kaona. Ua lilo ka momona loa loa i ka nui o nā kaona a me nā wahi noho ma ke komohana ʻĀkau o ʻAmelika, ma ke komohana o Kaleponi ma ke komohana hema o Columbia. I ka pali ʻana o ka kenekulia 20, ua hoʻokomo ʻia ke kapa kalaiula hikina i loko o ʻApelika Hema, ʻAralia, Hawaii, Bermuda, Madeira Islands, ka Azores, ka Canary Islands, Cape Verde, Italia a me UK.
Ma loko o South Africa, ʻoiai he mea hoʻonaninani, ʻaʻole maʻamau ʻia ʻo ia ke ʻano invasive ma muli o kona pupuʻu liʻiliʻi (hiki ke loaʻa ma nā ʻaoʻao hema hema o ke Komohana Komohana, hele ma ke kūkulu ʻākau i ke kaona liʻiliʻi o Franschhoek) a noho pū kekahi ma nā kūlanakauhale a me nā wahi e hilinaʻi nui ʻia e ka poʻe e like me ka ʻāina mahiai a me nā mea kanu nani a exotic. Maanei, ʻai nui ʻo ia i nā acorns a me nā hua pāalani, ʻoiai e lawe ʻo ia i nā hua noʻuila a me ka ʻoihana. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole hiki iā ia ke hoʻohana i ka mea kanu kūlohelohe (Fynbos) i loaʻa ma ia wahi, he mea i kōkua e kaupalena ʻia kona hoʻoheheʻe. ʻAʻole i komo mai i ka launa me nā mea kaleka protein ma muli o kahi kaona he nui (ka lāʻau lāʻau kūlohelohe, Paraxerus cepapi ka ʻia wale nō ma nā wahi savannah ma ka ʻākau-hikina o ka ʻāina) a me nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole.
Ua hoʻokomo mua ʻia nā poli hina i ka UK i nā makahiki 1870, e like me ka hoʻohuihui ʻia o nā ʻano me nā estates. Holo koke lākou i waena o ʻEnelani, a laila hoʻokūpaʻa lākou iā lākou iho ma Wales a me nā ʻāpana ʻākau o ʻElekopa. Ma ka ʻāina nui o Nui Britain, ua ʻaneʻane loa lākou e nā ʻāpana ʻulaʻula ʻōiwi. ʻOi aku ma mua o nā palaka ʻulaʻula a hiki i ka mālama ʻana a hiki i ke kiʻi ʻehā mau momona hou aʻe, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka mauʻu hina hina i ke wā hoʻoilo. Hana lākou i nā ʻōpio a hiki ke noho i nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe. Lawe pū ʻia nā ʻōmaʻomaʻo hina i ka huakaʻi squirrelpox, kahi mea pale ʻole ʻia ka protula ʻula. I ka wā e hoʻopili ai ka lāʻau maʻi maʻi i ka squirrelpox i loko o ka ʻāpana hāmele ʻulaʻula, ʻo kona hōʻemi he 17-25 mau manawa nui ma mua o ka hoʻokūkū wale ʻana.
I Irlandia, ʻaʻole wikiwiki ka wikiwiki o ka hāmeʻe ʻulaʻula hou no ka mea hoʻokahi wale nō hoʻokō ʻana i loaʻa ma Longford County. Ua hoʻolauna ʻia nā pākōlohi e kāohi i ka lehulehu o ka poʻe palakoli hina i Ireland no ka paipai ʻana i nā ʻula ʻulaʻula ʻōiwi. Ua hoʻokomo pū ʻia i nā ʻāpana hina hina o Italia, a ua hōʻike ka ʻaha ʻEulopa i ka hopohopo e hūnā ʻia hoʻi lākou i ka lāʻau ʻulaʻula mai nā ʻāpana o ka ʻEulopa.
Hōʻano ʻē aʻe i nā ʻāpana ulaula
Ma UK a me Iraki, ʻaʻole i hoʻoponopono ʻia nā kohu hina hikina e nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe, koe wale no ka pine marten, ka mea maʻamau i loko o ʻEnelani a me Wales. Ua kōkua kēia i kona ulu wikiwiki ʻana a ua hopena i nā ʻano i helu ʻia i nā pōpoki. Ke hoʻomohala nei nā ʻano hana e hōʻemi i ka helu helu, me kahi papa hoʻokahi no nā chef televise kaulana e hoʻolaha i ka manaʻo e ʻai i ka protein. Ma nā wahi e hoʻopalapula ai nā ʻōmaʻomaʻo redirrel i ola, e like me nā mokupuni o Anglesey a me Brownsey, e noho nei nā papahana e hoʻopau i nā ʻula ʻulaʻula i ka hoʻāʻo e ʻae i ka poʻe ʻulaʻula ulaula e ola hou.
ʻOiai ʻo ka paʻakikī a paʻakikī paha, ʻo ka mea nui i ka neʻe ʻana o ka lāʻau poʻokela hina hikina i ke kākāula ulaula ke manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia ka mea kūpono nui, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻo kahi hoʻokūkū hoʻokūkū ma mua o ke koʻi ʻulaʻula e nā ana āpau. ʻO Emirani hina hina hikina, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, ʻoi aku ka nui a ʻoi aku ka ikaika ma mua o ke koʻi ʻulaʻula a ua hōʻike ʻia i loaʻa i ka hiki ke hōʻiliʻili i ka momona no ka hoʻoilo. No laila e hiki ke hoʻokūkū hou ka hoʻokūkū ma ka ʻoihana no ka hapa nui o ka meaʻai i loaʻa, ke alakaʻi nei i ke ola mau loa a me ka helu ʻana ma waena o ke koʻi. Hiki iā Parapoxvirus ke lilo i kumu ikaika loa, ua lōʻihi ka hopena o ka palaka ʻulaʻula i kēia maʻi, ʻoiai ʻaʻole i loli nā pale hina hina, akā manaʻo ʻia nā mea lawe mea - inā ʻaʻole i hoʻoholo ʻia ka hopena. Eia nō naʻe, ua hōʻike ʻia i kekahi mau hihia o nā mea i hoʻopuʻi ʻia i ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana i ka mākaukau - ʻoiai ua pili ka nui o ko lākou heluna kanaka. ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka puʻuwai ʻulaʻula i ka luku ʻana i ka luku a me ka haki, nā mea i hoʻopiʻi ʻia i ka heluna o ka lehulehu, ʻoiai ka mea i hoʻohālikelike ʻia i ka keena hina hikina.
ʻO nā mea like like paha i ka pāʻani ma ke kaina o ka Pākīpika o ʻAmelika ʻAmelika, kahi i piha nui ai ka puhipala ʻōwili ʻAmelika i ulu nui ʻia e nā kaū ʻeke mākaʻi i loko o nā māla a me nā nahele a puni ka hapa nui o ka ʻāina.
ʻOi loa, kū ka "makaʻu" no ka wā e hiki mai ana o ka lāʻau kiaʻe ma ka hikina i ka makahiki 2008, e hoʻomaka ana nā melanist o ke ʻano (ʻeleʻele) ma waena o ka lehulehu hema o Britain. Ma UK, inā he "squirrel hina" (hikina greirrel) ma ke kao ma lalo o ka 1981 Wildlife and Countryside Act, ʻaʻole pono ke hoʻokuʻu a hoʻokuʻu ʻole ʻia ia i loko o ka hihiu, akā, pono e luku ʻia.
ʻO ka moʻolelo Fossil o ke kuʻi hina hina
20 mau ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ka nui o nā mea ola no Pleistocene S. carolinensis , aia i loko o Florida a helu ʻia e hiki a i ka hopena o ka manawa Irvingtonian. Ua hoʻonui ʻia ka nui o ke kino mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana a hiki i ka Holocene Middle, a laila hoʻemi ʻia i ka nui o kēia manawa i ʻike ʻia i kēia lā.
Kani ʻia nā pelekele kolohe ko ʻAmelika ʻAmelika a ua kaulana nō kā lākou ʻai me ka poʻe lawaiʻa ma ka hapa nui o kāna ʻāpana ma ʻAmelika ʻAmelika. I kēia lā, loaʻa mau ia no ka ʻai kanaka a kūʻai ʻia i kekahi manawa i loko o ka United Kingdom. Eia nō naʻe, ke ʻōlelo nei nā kauka i ka ʻAmelika, ʻaʻole pono e ʻai ʻia ka palaka o ka lolo, no ka pilikia o ka lawe ʻana i ka maʻi ʻo Creutzfeldt-Jakob.