Makemake ʻoe i nā ʻuala me nā hua manu?
Akā ʻaʻole wale ka poʻe e ʻai i ka meaʻai maikaʻi. ʻO nā ʻokiʻoki ʻokiʻoni e makemake nō hoʻi i ka ʻahaʻaina ma nā ʻūhā, aia ka nui o ka protein a me ka glycogen - ka mea nui o nā meaʻai.
Kūkulu ka ʻōpū i nā ʻuʻuku nui, ʻo ia kekahi mau mea i mālama ʻia no nā māla ʻōpala nunui. Ke hoʻokū ʻo ka ʻōpū i kahi anthill hou, lawe ʻo ia i loko o kona waha i kahi moʻomeheu o nā mea ʻai e ʻai ai, e hoʻolako ana i nā meaʻai no kāna keiki hou.
Ke ulu nei kēia mau ʻōpala ma kahi substrate o nā lau ola shredded a litter, ʻo ka moku'āina e nānā mau ʻia nei e nā mea mahiʻai. No laila hele mai nā popo me kahi mahiʻai ma kahi o 50 miliona mau makahiki ma mua o ke kanaka.
ʻAʻole hiki i nā mea kanu lawaiʻa ke hoʻokuʻi wale, kūkulu i nā moena, nānā i ka mahana a me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa, akā hoʻohana pū kekahi i nā mea ʻike anti - pehea ke ʻano antifungal no ka hoʻomake ʻana i nā weeded (i kēia lā ʻike iā mākou ʻo ka nystatin).
ʻO ka wehewehe ʻana i nā pepeke
Loaʻa i nā popo cutter lau no kēia inoa ʻaʻole no ka mea ke kumuhana o kā lākou meaʻai ko nā kumulāʻau lāʻau. Hoʻohana lākou i nā ʻāpana a me ka pulupulu i nā lau ʻokoʻa ma ke ʻano he nutrate substrate no nā ʻūhā, ka mea e mālama ai i ka ʻai nui.
He mea kupaianaha loa nā ʻuʻuku i kūkulu ʻia e nā ʻōpala keʻokiʻoki. Nui ka nui o nā lau a me nā keʻena e noho i kahi mau ʻumi kūmole mita o ka lepo.
ʻAiʻi
Hōʻowī ka nunui o ka lau o ka lau o nā lau ʻōpala, kīnā ʻole, palupalu a ʻōpio maikaʻi ʻole kēlā mau "ʻōpio". No ka hoʻolālā pono, pono lākou i ka mālama mau, kahi mahana ʻoluʻolu a me kekahi hoʻohaʻahaʻa. ʻO nā hua manu antrertilized ma hope e lilo i kāne.
ʻO nā hua i ho'ōla ʻia, ma muli o ka mālama a me ka meaʻai meaʻai, hoʻomohala ʻia nā wahine wahine ʻehā a me nā wahine keu. E hoʻokō lākou i ke kuleana o nā ʻōpala hana. ʻO ka ʻai no ke kōkuhi he hyphae fungal. ʻAi ʻia ka ʻōpala mua loa i ka wahine. No kēia mau pahuhopu, hoʻohana ʻia nā hua trophic a me mycelium hou.
Makua
ʻAʻoleʻike ke ʻano o kahi pākeke hana. Loaʻa iā lākou kahi liʻiliʻi (5-20 mm) brown brown. ʻO ka nui o nā wāwae e hilinaʻi ai i ka caste. I nā popo, nā mea e hoʻoneʻe pinepine ma nā lāʻau, hiki i nā wāwae ke lōʻihi loa. ʻO kahi ʻano ʻokoʻa i waho ʻo ia ka ʻike ʻana i nā ʻāwī ikaika ikaika, kahi e hoʻokaʻā aihua ʻia ana ka popo i nā kumulā o nā lāʻau ulu. Loaʻa nā ʻōpala nui nā Razor-koi i kahi wā hānau a kāhea ʻia mau kauoha. ^ E Ha yM. Mahalo ia i ka kahe neʻe ikaika ikaika a ka wili o ke poʻo lāʻau e ʻokiʻoki i ke poʻo.
ʻElua mau māhele o ka māla ma waena o ka umauma a me ka ʻōpū: he petiolus a me kahi postpetiolus i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia mai ka ʻōpū. ʻO ka pākeke kahi pā kumu hoʻomohala maikaʻi. ʻO ka hapa haʻahaʻa o ke poʻo o ka ʻōpū me ka puʻupuʻu kūikawā, kahi e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hana i kahi mycelium. He ikaika a nui nā umauma āpau. ʻO nā ʻēheu i loaʻa ai i ka ʻōpū ma mua o ka moe ʻana, i kahi ʻē koke ʻia ma mua o ka hoʻokumu ʻana o kahi koloni hou.
02.02.2015
ʻO nā ʻōpio ʻokiʻoki mau lau (Latin Atta cephalotes) ka mea i hoʻomohala ʻia i nā mea liʻiliʻi numple liʻiliʻi mai ke kauoha Hymenoptera (Latin Hymenoptera).
Me ka poʻe, komo lākou i nā hana mahiʻai. Ua kapa ʻia lākou i nā mea ʻoki lau. Ke lawe nei lākou i nā ʻāpana o ka lau ma luna o lākou iho, ke manaʻo paha e peʻe ana lākou ma lalo o nā umbrellas mai ka lā, no laila, i kekahi mau wahi ua kapa ʻia lākou he mau umbrella. Noho nā ʻōlapa o Atta cephalotes noho i ka ʻāina o Brazil, Southern Mexico a me Bolivia. Hoʻokomo nā pepeke i kā lākou ʻuʻuku ma nā kihi o nā ululāʻau kaiāulu. Hōʻike pinepine lākou i ka ʻāina ma ka mahiʻai.
ʻAno hānau
Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia nā ʻupala kolo, nā ʻokiʻoki o nā lau e ka seti chromosome diploid - 2n = 38. Kahi like ʻole nā Reproduction i nā ʻano ʻē aʻe. I kekahi kahi manawa, hoʻomaka ka caste o nā ʻōpala hana hana e hānai i ka ulana me ka hoʻohui o nā mea kūikawā e hōʻeuʻeu i ka hoʻomohala ulu. He ʻēheu nā wahine a me nā kāne. I ka hiki koke ʻana o ka nui o ia mau kānaka i ka waiwai koʻikoʻi, lele lākou i waho o ka anthill, e hoʻomaka i ka momona a me ka hoa kāne.
ʻAʻole ʻike ʻia nā ʻoki ʻōpala e polygyny a no laila aia kahi hoʻokahi ma ka anthill i kēia manawa.
Kahi kupaianaha o nā lau cutter leaf leaf no ko lākou hiki kupaianaha. I ka hopena o ka make ʻana o kahi ʻōpio hoʻokahi, ua lawe ʻia ka hana o ke kau ʻana i nā hua e nā poʻe hana. Ma kēia hihia, aia kekahi mau ʻano o nā hua kāne i hiki ʻole ke hoʻokō i nā hana o ka hānau ʻana, ʻoiai aia i nā kānaka maʻamau maoli.
E hōʻiliʻili i ka nui o ka hua, ʻo nā wahine wahine ʻumiʻumi me nā kāne he hoʻokahi. Noho kino ka lā hoʻokahi a hoʻopau i ka make ʻana o nā kāne. Hoʻomaka ka wahine i ke kaʻina hana ma kahi kō i loko o kāna hana. Aia ma laila, ua waiho ʻia nā helu ʻoka a me nā lau o ka mycelium. Ma hope o 40-60 mau lā, ka bro mua o nā poʻe hana i kū i ka hana "maʻamau" a pau.
ʻAno lawehala
ʻO ka meaʻai no nā ʻokiʻoki hua lau, ʻo ia ka ʻohe basidiomycete. Ua ulu ia i nā keʻena kūikawā i kū i loko o ke anthill. Kūkulu ʻia nā mau ʻano i ke ʻano o ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā kūlana kūpono loa no ka mālama ʻana i ka haʻalulu pono e kūpono ai a e hana ana i nā neʻe no ka ulu ʻana i ka pua.
Lawe ʻia nā pepeke mai nā wahi a pau i nā mea kanu, kahi ma hope o ka mauʻu a me ka fermentation, lilo ia i wahi no ka pua.
Ke ulu nui nei ke anthill, aia kahi māhele i ka nui o nā pūʻali koa, nā limahana, a me nā mea hōʻiliʻili. Mai kēlā me kēia hui, kahiʻokoʻa nā mea i pili i nā hana kūikawā.
Ke wā i hana ʻia ai nā castes, nona nā lālā e ʻokoʻa ʻē aʻe i kekahi i kekahi i ke ʻano a me ke kumu. ʻO nā ʻōhumu liʻiliʻi nā mea hōʻiliʻili e lawe mai i nā mea kanu mai nā wahi kokoke, a me nā mea nui, ma kahi ʻē aʻe, mai nā wahi mamao aku. I ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi mea kanu kūpono, ʻo ka inikini me ke kōkua o kahi pohala ke hoʻokaʻawale iā ia mai nā palu e pono ʻole ai a lawe ʻia i ka pūnana. ʻO ka pinepine ma luna o nā ʻāpana mai luna aʻe o nā mea mahiʻai e hele ana, e hoʻokau aku i nā parasites. Hana lākou i nā hana ma nā keʻena o loko. ʻO ka pale o ka pūnana a me kona lehulehu e lawe ʻia ana e nā koa nui a ikaika. Hoʻopili ka poʻe hana nui i nā greens lawe ʻia, a ʻuʻuku nā mea liʻiliʻi i loko o nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi a hōʻiliʻili i ka mycelium me lākou. Mālama ʻia nā ʻōpala liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi i ka meaʻai me ka mōʻī a me nā popo ʻē aʻe.
Mea ʻai
ʻO ke kumu o ke olakino o kēia mau popo he pilina simbiotic me nā ʻōpū. ʻAʻole hoʻoluhi ka ʻūpihi ponoʻī me he meaʻai ʻaʻa. Hoʻopili ia i ke kumu, a me nā puna i kū i waho ʻokiʻoki nā lau ʻōpio. Mālama ka ʻōpala o nā lau ʻoki i loko o nā laukō i hiki ke hoʻopau i nā pua a me nā mea make i hoʻopau i ka mycelium kumu. A me ka nānāʻana o ka actinobacteria kūikawā e kāohi i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o kahi maʻi parasit i pololei i ka mycelium. Ua like ka hua a ka mycelium i kahi huʻu i loaʻa i ka nui o nā mea kanu.
Ma hope o kekahi manawa, hoʻopaʻapaʻa ka kahe ma kēia mau wahi, ka uhi ma luna o ka ʻona holoʻokoʻa o ka substrate me nā kino mānoanoa. Ua kapa ʻia kēlā ʻano ulu ant kohlrabi, ʻo ia ka mea nui o ka ʻohana ʻohana. ʻO ka paona o ia mea pēpē hiki ke 500 mika. Hiki i kekahi koloni ke loaʻa aku ma mua o hoʻokahi haneli mau fungi.
Nā hana Ant
Noho ka anthill o ka mea ʻokiʻoki ma ka ʻohana ʻehiku ʻokoʻa e hana ana, he 29 mau hana like ʻole. ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona kahi ʻike ākea i ka nui ma waena o ka castes ant. ʻO ka poʻe kū hoʻokahi e hana i nā hana o ka mālama ʻana i nā hua manu, pāmu, a me ka ʻōpū ma ka anthill iho i ka lōʻihi o ke kino he 5-6 mm paha. Nui ka nui o nā koa. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ko lākou mau kino e nui i ka nui o nā antsi e hana ʻia e 3-4 mau manawa, a ʻo kā lākou māhuahua he mau manawa. ʻO ka ʻala nui loa ka ʻōpū. ʻO kona pinepine ka aneane 700 mau manawa ke kaupaona nei o nā lālā liʻiliʻi o nā ʻāpana.
ʻAʻole hale poloka nā hale āpau. ʻO nā kolone ikaika wale nō ke hiki i kēlā mau waiwai.
Loaʻa a maikaʻi ʻole paha
Hiki i nā kolone ʻona ke noho nui ma ka ʻāina i koho ʻia no ka hale. No ka hōʻemi ʻana i nā mea ʻino i ʻoki ʻia i nā mea ʻokiʻoki, hoʻohana lākou ʻaʻole wale nō o nā mea pale pale kemu, akā, ʻōnaʻi uila ʻano. ʻO kahi ala kūpono e hoʻoulu ai i nā popo oki i koki ʻia i nā luku piha i kā lākou mau hihi. Ua hōʻike ʻia ka maikaʻi loa e ka paila a i ʻole nā palepima, a me ka hoʻohana ʻana hoʻi i nā mea wai wai. ʻO ka pōʻino i ka mea kanu i nā mea kanu i hoʻāʻo ʻole ʻia i ka selva. ʻO ka hana o nā mea ʻokiʻoki ma nā ʻano kūlohelohe kūlohelohe ʻaʻole wale ia i ka hoʻopōmaikaʻi ʻia o nā papa lepo, akā e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i nā kaʻina metabola āpau i hana ʻia i loko o ka eposystem.
ʻO nā poʻe nui o nā mea ʻoki lau i mea lōʻihi i nā meaʻai ma kekahi mau ʻāina. Kohi nā poʻe noho ma ʻAmelika Hema i kēia ʻano ʻehā a ʻai ʻia i ka palaoa.
ʻO ka lele hina hina ka hakahaka i nā larva i nā pepeke a me nā kino o nā momi. Pehea e hana ai i kēia mea inikini, heluhelu i ka lime https://stopvreditel.ru/yadovitye/muxi/serye-myasnye.html.
Leaf Cutter Ants: ʻokoʻa hiʻohiʻona
ʻAʻohe hiʻohiʻona ʻike ākea kēia ʻano. ʻIke pinepine ʻia lākou i ka wā e ʻae lākou i nā lau ʻoki. Hiki i ke kime cutter keʻa ke lawe i nā mea i ʻoi ʻia nā manawa he nui i ʻoi aku ia me ka nui a me ka nui. Ke loaʻa nei ka loaʻa iā lākou ma muli o ko lākou helehelena ma muli o ka nui o lākou, a me ke ʻano huna.
Kūpono o nā ʻōpala lauwā lau, kiʻi
Kāleka
Hōʻike ka ʻoni o ke kino o ka lau ʻula ma waena o nā aniani a me kaʻulaʻula. I ka nui o nā kānaka, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i ke kala e waiho nei i nā pihi ma luna o nā wāwae, ke poʻo a me ka ʻōpū. Kūlike ka laulā e like me ke kahua o ka iniseti i ka hui. ʻAʻoleʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi o ka hana hana ma mua o 2 cm.
- ʻāpono nui ʻia nā ʻōpio, i ʻāpono ʻia e nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano ke ola,
- pinepine nā lūlū i nā lā, no ka mea e piʻi mau i nā lāʻau.
- i ka wā e ulu ai lākou, aia ka poʻe āpau i kahi paʻa.
Pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia he ʻokoʻa nā kaheleʻuku o nā ʻohana ʻē aʻe: he umauma nui kona, a ʻeleʻele hoʻi ke kino. ʻOi ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka ʻōpū a me nā limahana i ʻoi aku ai ma mua o nā ʻano like ʻole o nā ʻōpala. I ka wā moe, wahine a me nā kāne, mākaukau no ka moe ʻana, ulu nā ʻēheu.
Ke noho maʻamau
Kūpono o nā ʻōpala lauwā lau, kiʻi
ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona nui o kēia ʻano ʻehā o kā lākou hoʻokumu ʻana i kahi ʻōnaehana paʻakikī o ka pilina. Ma ka pūʻulu he 7 castes, kēlā me kēia mea i kuleana no kekahi ʻano hana. ʻO ka hoʻolālāʻana a me nā hiʻohiʻona o nā iniseti like, ʻokoʻa kekahi. ʻO ka liʻiliʻi ka mea liʻiliʻi e mālama i ka ʻōpū, ka hua a me nā hua. ʻO kahi kaena nei ʻaʻole loa e hele ma mua o ka ʻēheu, a ʻo ka lōʻihi o ke kino ʻo 5 mm wale nō.
I ka mua, i ka wā i hāpai ʻole ai ka wahine hāpai i nā subordinates, mālama kūʻokoʻa ʻo ia i ka hua. Ma kahi kikoʻī i laila e pili ana iā 60 mau hua. Pahu pololei i ka caste. No laila, hiki i ka kōpae ke hoʻoponopono i ka nui o nā poʻe i loko o kahi kiʻi ponoʻī. ʻO nā kime āpau i komo i nā koloni he mau wahine mua. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke hoʻohuli i ka hua. Kuhi ʻia nā hua hānau mai nā hua leʻa a make a make koke ma hope o ka moe ʻana.
Ma lalo iho ka anthill ma lalo o ka ʻona a kū i ke aniani nui - a hiki i ka 10 m He mea nui ka manaʻo e hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻole ia he papa hana kaila. ʻO ka noho ʻana o nā popo ma ke ʻano he hua manu ma waena, ʻo ia ka mea i waena o ka ʻōpū a me incubators. Noho ʻia ke koena e nā māla kahi e ulu ai nā iniseti huaʻai. Ma kahi hoʻokahi e hiki i ke anthill ke ola ma mua o hoʻokahi miliona miliona. Nui nā exits mai ka hale e hōʻoia i ka palekana o ka koloni i ka wā nui.
I loko o ka anthill, ʻike ʻia nā ʻano ʻēa like ʻole. Mahalo i nā pono kōkua, hiki iā lākou ke hui pū me ka maluhia. I kekahi manawa pinepine, i ka noho o nā ʻokiʻoki lika, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i kahi pepeke o ka anti anti Texas. Hoʻomaʻemaʻe kēia ʻenu i nā semale, ka ʻai ʻai i nā meaʻai a me nā ʻano lepo. Hoʻopili iā lākou e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka ʻōpū. Ma waho o ke anthill, ʻaʻole ola ka mea inikini. Hoʻomaʻi pū ka ʻolua i nā pīpī lepo (i kekahi manawa ma o ka ikaika) a me nā ʻōpala hina Pyramica arizonica, ka mea e pale ai i ka puʻu popa mai nā pōpoki.
Hoʻokue pinepine ʻia nā mea ulu ʻōpio e nā antsipiki nomadic. Ke alakaʻi aku nei kēia i nā poho nui a me ka luku o ka anthill. ʻOiai ka hiki ʻana i ka pohā a me ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o nā mea hakakā, ʻaʻole hiki i ka ʻokiʻoki i ka lau o ka lau o ka lau. No laila, ʻo kahi cohabitant o kēia ʻano, ʻo Megalomyrmex symmetochus. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole like me nā iniseti ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻole like kēia mau hoa aloha. I ka wā mua, ua ʻike ʻia he poʻe hao wale lākou, akā ʻo ka ʻokiʻoki ʻokiʻoki huna e hāʻawi i ka ʻūhā me lākou. ʻOiai ʻo Megalomyrmex symmetochus he ʻano liʻiliʻi o nā ʻalā liʻiliʻi e ʻike ʻia ana ma mua o nā ʻoki lau, akā, he mau hoaʻāina nui lākou. ʻO kā lākou hona make ai kahi mea ʻole o ka ʻōnaehana ʻike, ʻo ia ke kumu e hoʻomaka ai ke kipi ʻia nā mea poʻokela.
Nā hiʻohiʻona hana
ʻAʻole hiki i nā ʻōpio cutter lau ke ʻai i ka mea kanu a mea holoholona paha. ʻO ka mea wale nō o ko lākou meaʻaiʻai he mau ʻōpū. I lawa lawa o nā meaʻai no ke kolone, e ulu nā kime i kā lākou ponoʻī. Penei ka nui o nā hana:
- ʻO ka kaena nona ke ʻoki i nā lau e loaʻa i kahi lāʻau kūpono. ʻO nā ʻanā ma kēia mau mea ikaika e loaʻa nā wāwae loa, ma muli o lākou e piʻi ai ma ke kaohi i nā lālā kiʻekiʻe loa o nā lāʻau.
- Ke neʻe nei nā lau ʻoki i nā awa. Hoʻopili i nā ukana koʻikoʻi, paʻakikī nui kēlā mau kānaka e lawe i ka mea i pio i ka anthill iho. Ma nā lau, ʻike ʻoe i kā lākou mau hoahānau liʻiliʻi, ka mea i kaʻi ʻana. Hoʻolaha ʻia kēia ma ka mea ʻoiai i ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana i ka popo mai ka pale ʻole, no ka mea hiki iā ia ke lilo i mea pōloli i nā maʻi liʻiliʻi. Hāʻawi ka mea maʻi i ka hua ma luna o ka mea pepehi, a me ka paluku, a me ka huli ʻana me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i loko o ke kino a ʻai i ka popo mai loko.
- Hoʻopili ʻia nā lau i ka anthill e kekahi caste o nā popo. I mea e maʻalahi ai ka ulu ʻana o nā hua, e ʻoka nā mea hana i nā lau i kahi moku pulp. Kahi me kēia, lawe nā ʻalopeke i nā momona mai lākou, kahi kūpono no ka meaʻai.
- Me ka hoʻopuka ʻana mai ka anthill a me nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe i ʻike ʻia, kahele ʻia o ka slurry ma luna o ka wahi o ka mahiʻai e hiki mai ana. I kēia hihia, pili nā ʻōlima i nā ʻano spongy, hana i nā kaula i kūpono i ka neʻe ʻana.
Mālama ʻia nā ʻuhiwa e kahi caste hoʻokaʻawale o nā popo. ʻAʻohe o lākou hōʻiliʻili ʻana, akā e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ʻaʻole i ulu mai ka mycelium ma waho o ka pāʻai. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona o nā lau ʻokiʻoki o ka lau o ka lau e loaʻa ai ka antibiotics. Mahalo i kēia, hiki iā lākou ke hoʻopō i nā fungi mai nā pōʻino ʻino a me nā pulehu o nā weed.
ʻAi ʻia ka meaʻai nui a nā limahana a lawe ʻia i waena o nā pākeke. Hāʻawi ʻia nā koena i ka larvae. Ma hope ʻaʻole kūpono i ka mycelium no ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana, hoʻomaʻemaʻe hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia ka wahi, a kiola ʻia nā ʻōpala āpau i loko o kahi lumi kūʻokoʻa.
No ke aha he pōʻino paha ka lau ʻana i nā lau?
Leaf Cutter Ants: Hana a me ka mea hoʻolimalima
ʻAʻohe make o kēia ʻano, no laila, ʻaʻole e hoʻonā ʻo kāna mau kikowaena i ka hoʻoweliweli i ke kino o ke kanaka. Akā, ʻo ka hoʻouka ʻia ʻana o kēia mea ʻino, ʻoi loa mai ka hale o nā poʻe hakakā, ua manaʻo ʻia he ʻeha loa loa.Ma muli o ke kau ikaika ikaika, hōʻoki ʻia ka ʻili i ka ʻili o ke kanaka. ʻAʻole i kaupalena ʻia kahi pōʻaiahi hoʻokahi. Loaʻa loaʻa kahi kūpono o ka maʻi maʻi.
ʻOiai ka manaʻo o ka popo māla pua i ka mana i ka ulu mea kanu, ua loaʻa iā lākou nā pono maikaʻi. E kōkua kēia pōpilikia e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka lepo a hoʻomaikaʻi i nā kaʻina metabola. Hoʻokomo paha nā hui kokoke i nā poʻe i ka pilikia nui. Eia naʻe, hiki i nā kolone nui o nā mea ʻokiʻoki e hōʻoki i nā kumulāʻau, ʻaʻole ia e haʻi i nā mea kanu lāʻau.
Nā ona e pili ana i ka lau ana me nā ʻeke mum
Ke pale ʻole nei nā lau ʻoki ma waho o ka anthill. Hōʻalo lākou i ka hoʻomaha ʻana, no ka mea i kēlā neʻe ʻia ka nui e ala i ka hoʻouka ʻia e nā ʻano lāʻau ʻē aʻe. No laila, inā ʻoe e luku i ka ʻuā, e make ana nā iniseti. Eia nō naʻe, pono ʻoe e hoʻomaopopo e lawa ʻole ka lawe ʻana mai i ka ʻōpū. I kāna nalowale ʻana, e ʻike ka poʻe hana i ka hana hou ʻana. ʻOiai e hoʻonāwaliwali kēia i ka ulu ʻana i nā helu, ʻaʻole hiki ʻole ia ke hōʻalo pono i kahi pōpō hiki. I ka manawa pinepine, ua hoʻopiʻi ʻia ʻo ka wai maʻamau me ka wai e hoʻolapalapa i nā manawa he nui. I ka manawa like, hoʻohui ʻia ia i ka ʻāpana e hoʻonui i ka hana o ke ʻano.
Inā nui nā koloni ʻē aʻe i kahi kokoke, e hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nā mea kanu. Eia naʻe, hiki iā lākou ke hōʻeha wale i ka pūpū, akā maikaʻi nā mea hihiu maikaʻi. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka hewa kūpono ʻole a me ka nānā ʻole ʻana i nā rula o ka hoʻohana e hiki ke alakaʻi i ka make o nā mea kanu. Hiki i nā mea kanu ke pilikia i nā kānaka a me nā holoholona.
Inā loaʻa ka anthill ma waho o ka pūnaewele, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻimi e hiki ʻole i nā iniseti ke komo i waena o nā palena paʻa. No kēia, ua hoʻohana pono nā mika kūikawā, ka palaka a i ʻole nā mea wai wai.
ʻO ka wehewehe nui
Hoʻokomo ʻia nā lau ʻōpala. ʻO ka hoihoi i nā ʻepekema. ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona nui, e pili ana i ke kahua, i hōʻike ʻia ma ka papa.
ʻAiʻi | ʻAʻohe a mākaʻā ʻole nā maka o nā keiki. No ka hoʻolālā piha, pono ka mākaukau i kahi mahana a me ka pae o ka pae haʻahaʻa. Huli ʻia nā hua kanu ʻole ʻia. Kūlike i nā kūlana, hele mai nā pūpū a me nā wahine wā infertile mai nā hua kanu. Ke nele nei i ka hiki ke hana i nā hua hou, e hoʻokō ka luna i ka hana o ka mea hana a e mālama pono i ka anthill. Hoʻokumu nā ʻuhā i nā meaʻai no nā ululāʻau. |
Nā ʻōpio pakeke | E hana ana i nā ʻōpio me ka lōʻihi o ke kino a hiki i 20 mm. Eia ka nui o nā wāwae i hilinaʻi ʻia i ka caste pepeke. ʻO kahi ʻano ʻokoʻa ka hele ʻana o kahi iʻa ikaika paʻa. Pono kēia no ka ʻoki maʻalahi ʻana i nā o nā lau. He poʻo poʻo nui ka hope. Aia ke koʻokoʻo ma kahi ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi. Ma ka pae o ka poʻo aia kahi pōpoki kūikawā. Pono kēia e hana i ka hāʻawiʻana i ka mycelium. He mau ʻēheu kona hānau. Eia nō naʻe, ʻā ka pīpī ma mua o ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ka koloni e ka wahine i hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia loa. |
Ua māhele ʻia nā pepeke i 7 castes. Ma waena o nā ʻoki lau ʻana:
- ʻōpū,
- kāne kāne
- koa
- lawaiʻa
- nā mea kūkulu
- mea hānai
- limahana limahana.
No nā mea hana ke kuleana no ka mālama ʻana i ka hua hou. Hana i nā hana ma nā moena lemi. ʻAʻole ulu ke kino i kahi o ka 0.5 cm. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino o kekahi mau ʻelele hiki ke 2 cm. He ikaika a nui ka poʻo.
ʻO ka ʻōpū nui loa. ʻO ka paona o ka wahine he mau manawa ʻoi aʻe ma mua o ka lehulehu o nā ʻāpana pepa hana maʻamau. Loaʻa nā mana ikaika a nui hoʻi. Aia nā kime o kēia ʻano ʻekolu he 3 mau wāwae o ka lōʻihi o nā wāwae.
He aha ka hana hoʻouluulu o nā iniseti
E noʻonoʻo paha ʻoe i ka mea ʻokiʻoki i hōʻiliʻili i nā lau. Kuhi hewa kēia manaʻo. ʻAʻole hiki i nā pīkī ke hoʻokaʻawale i nā mea kanu paʻakikī. Kē ʻia ʻia nā lau ʻili ʻia e kekahi kolo pepeke. Mālama ʻia ka mea kanu lāʻau i nā wahi i koho ʻia i loko o ke anthill, kahi e mālama ʻia ai nā kūlana maikaʻi.
Hoʻomaka ka ʻōpio i kahi mea kanu mea kanu, ʻo ia ka meaʻai no nā pepeke. ʻAʻole ʻai ka popi i nā kino hua o nā pihi. Hoʻohana wale ʻia ka mycelium.
Hoʻopau nā kinohi i nā kino hua i ka wā mua o kā lākou ulu ʻana. No nā pepeke, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā mea waiwai e hōʻike ʻole nei i kahi pono o ka meaʻai. Loaʻa nā honu cutter lau e loaʻa i nā mea o nā mea antibacterial e kōkua ai e hoʻopau i nā microorganisms i hoʻopilikia kino e ʻona nei no ka mycelium.
Nui ka nui o nā ʻano lau ʻokiʻoki
I ka huina holoʻokoʻa, aia ma kahi o 200 mau ʻalani o nā popo e ulu i nā pala i ko ke ao nei. ʻO kekahi o lākou ua hana ʻia ma nā holoholona make a i ʻole nā feces. Hoʻohana ka poʻe ʻokiʻoki i nā mea waiwai loa a maʻalahi. ʻO nā mea ʻokiʻoki i manaʻo ʻia he mea make. Ma nā wahi e noho ai, hiki iā lākou ke luku i nā nolo āpau i nā lāʻau a me nā mea kanu lāʻau.
ʻO nā mea e loaʻa ai ka hoʻohālikelike
Hoʻohālikelike ka ʻokiʻoki o nā lau ʻōpala me nā ʻano lāʻau ʻē aʻe. Hoʻomulima ʻia ka ʻōpala e kahi caste o nā limahana. Hāʻawi nā ʻelele me ka meaʻai i nā mea kūikawā no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka hoʻomohala a me ka poperty.
Loaʻa nā ʻōkuhi wahine a me nā wahine no ka hoʻoulu hou i nā ʻēheu. Hoʻomaka ka makahiki i ka wā e loaʻa ai ka nui o nā kolamu i nā waiwai koʻikoʻi. Hoʻomaka ka poʻe ʻelele e mare ikaika a hana i kahi kaiāulu hou.
Me ka make ʻana o kahi kōpio hoʻokahi, ua komo nā ʻelele limahana i ka hana hoʻoulu. Noho ka wahine a me nā kāne he nui. Pono kēia e loaʻa i ka nui o ka hua. Ma hope o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana, make nā ʻelele kāne. Hōʻike nā mea hana i hoʻokahi mahina ma hope o ka ovipositor.
He nui nā wahine a loaʻa nā ʻēheu
He aha nā mea inika pepeke?
ʻAi mai ka popo i ka pala ulu i nā paena. E inu ana ka mea ʻona i nā puna āpau e kūleʻa ana i ka wai. Ua like me ka hua manu me ke kīkī me ka nui o nā mea kanu. Ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana i nā popo, nā ʻano hana formal, ke uhi ʻana i ka ʻona holoʻokoʻa o ka substrate. ʻO ia ka mea nui o ka nā pepeke.
Hiki i ke paona o hoʻokahi hoʻokumu i hiki i 500 g. I kēlā me kēia kolone, hiki ke aneane ma kahi o 100 o kēlā mau ʻōliki.
ʻO nā kime wale mai ka hale kiaʻi ʻike e ʻike ʻia e ka hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale i nā lau lau o nā mea kanu lāʻau. Koho nā mea i koe i nā lau palupalu.
ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona o ka anthill
Hoʻolilo ka Ants i ka hapanui o ko lākou manawa i nā lāʻau. Hoʻokumu ʻia ka anthill i lalo o lalo. Ma lalo o ka lepo, ʻaʻole nā makaʻu i nā hua ulu i ulu i ka loli.
Ua like ka nīnū me kahi hua. ʻO ka waena kahi i ka ʻōpū, nona ka kuleana no ka hoʻoulu hou ʻana i nā hua hou. Kokoke i ka wahine, incubators me nā lālani a me nā hua i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i loko. ʻO nā aʻe aʻe ka mycelium. Hiki i kahi aniani ke kanu i nā lau a hiki i ka lōʻihi a hiki i 5 mika.
Mai kēia wikiō e aʻo ai ʻoe i kekahi mea hoihoi e pili ana i nā ʻokiʻoki o ka lau.
Pehea ka hoʻohele ʻia ʻana o ka hana o ka sheet cutter
ʻO ka ʻimiʻohana ʻoi loa ka hapa nui. ʻO 0.5 cm ka lōʻihi. Aia ke kuleana o ia mau mea i ka ulu a me ka hiki ʻana o nā hua hou, a me ka hana lāʻau. ʻO 3 mau pūʻali he nui a i ʻole he 4 mau manawa ka nui. ʻO ka pahuhopu nui ʻo ka pale ʻana i ke anthill mai nā malihini. He iwi ikaika ko lākou.
He 700 ka ʻoi o ka kōpī ma mua o nā limahana. Ua hoʻākāka ka hapa thoracic o ke kino.
ʻAʻole ka pūʻali koa āpau i pūʻali koa. Noho nā kiaʻi i loko o nā nika nui, kahi i loaʻa ai ka manawa e hānai ai i nā mea hoʻopiʻi. Ma nā kolamu liʻiliʻi, lawe nā kamaʻāina i nā hana palekana e hana no ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka pūʻali koa.
Pōmaikaʻi a ʻeha paha
Ma ka wahi e noho ai, hiki i nā kime ke hoʻopau loa i nā hua. Hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻano lāʻau a me nā mea hana lima e pale ai i nā pōpoki. ʻO kahi ala e ʻoi aku ai ka hakakā mau ka hoʻopau piha ʻana o ka anthill. I kekahi mau'āina, kahi kumuʻai momona o nā mika.