ʻO ke kumuhana o ka Russian Russian The Novosibirsk Region he ʻāpana o ka mokuahi Federal Siberian. ʻO kona wahi he 178.2 tausani mau mika square. km Koho ʻia ka ʻāina i ka makahiki 1937. It border with Kazakhstan, Altai Territory, Omsk, Tomsk and Kemerovo Regions. ʻO nā mea ʻelua i lilo i ʻāpana ʻelua o ia. Wahi a nā hōʻike 2015, e noho ana ka poʻe 2746822 ma laila, me Novosibirsk.

ʻO ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ʻāina a me nā kumuwaiwai kūlohelohe

Holo aku nā muliwai Ob a me Om ma kona wahi. A me nā maʻa o nā leona me nā kiʻekiʻe o ka paʻakai, ʻo ia nō ke kaona i ka honua - Vasyugan. Ke hoʻomau nei ke anuanu me ka mahana o ka mahina o Ianuali - 20 ° С a me Iulai + 20 ° С. Noho ka ʻona i nā ʻona kūlohelohe ʻekolu: steppe, forest-steppe and taiga. Noho ʻia nā māla ma mua o 4 miliona mau heka. a elima paha o ka'āpana. I waena o nā mea kanu mea hoʻohālikelike. ʻO ka honua holoholona i hōʻike ʻia e kēlā mau ʻano holoholona: bear, elk, roe deer, beaver, wolf, fox, hare, otter, capercaillie, hazel grouse a me nā mea'ē aʻe.

Ua ʻike ʻia ma kahi o 500 nā waihona o nā minima like ʻole. Eia nā: ʻaila, hau, aila a me nā coking ulaula, lepo, peat, titanium, zirconium, marmer, gula a pēlā aku.

Hiki ke kapa ʻia nā kumu kumu maoli maoli o ia wahi ʻo ka lāʻau, nona nā kumu kūʻai i manaʻo ʻia ma ka 278 miliona mau mika cubic. m., a me ka ʻāina me ka koina kiʻekiʻe o nā ʻenehana ʻano radioact maoli: uranium, radium a me radon.

Ke hoʻomaloʻo nei i ka radio

ʻO ka Radona kahi hau kūlohelohe me ka ʻaʻohe ʻōmaʻomaʻo a ʻula paha. Ma lalo o nā kūlana maʻamau, ʻoi aku ka ʻoi aku ma mua o ka lewa a no laila e paʻa ʻia ana ma nā wahi haʻahaʻa, nā hale liʻiliʻi a me nā papa hana. Akā ʻo ka mea nui loa o ia ka radioact. No laila, he mea weliweli kēia no kānaka. Ma muli o kāna ulu ʻana, ua komo i ka papa ma o nā kahawai o ka lepo. Hoʻokomo ia i ka wai, ka papa hana a me ka irradiates me nā ʻāpana alpha. Ma ka ʻaoʻao o ke kūlanakauhale ka nui aʻoi aku paha ma kahi o nā wahi he nui i hiki ai ka mauea i ka wai a me ka wai radon.

Ma ka waena o nā kenekulia 20, ua waiho ia i mau mea ʻenehana radioaktif i lilo i kumuhana o ka ʻepekema ʻepekema, a laila kūkulu ke kūkulu ʻia ʻana o nā ʻenehana hana ʻōnaehana. I kēia manawa, ʻaʻohe o ka hana o kēia mau hana i ka hana, akā heʻoi aku ma mua o nā 200 mau pūnaewele me ka hoʻomakeke radioaktif. ʻO ke kumuwaiwai o ka hoʻomakeke ʻana i ka ea hau, ka ʻāina a me ka wai o ka muliwai Yeltsovka-2 ʻo ka Novosibirsk Chemical Concentrates Plant.

Hoʻokele waiwai

ʻO ka pilikia hou o ke kūlanakauhale ʻoi ka ʻike home a me ka home. Hoʻemi iki ʻia ka wai o ka ʻoihana, ma muli o ka pau ʻana o ka hana ʻana o kekahi mau ʻoihana. Akā ʻo ke kūlanakauhale me ka nui o nā kānaka heʻoi aku ma mua o 1 miliona mau kānaka e ʻoi aku ma mua o 2 miliona mau mika cubic. m. palapala pālua o ka hale i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Aia wale ma ka kūlanakauhale ua palena wale i nā konohiki 170 no lākou. Eia naʻe naʻe, ʻaʻole hoʻokō kēia mau wahi i ka kūlohelohe, a ʻo ka mea nui, ʻaʻole lākou e hoʻōla i ka ʻōpala - hōʻiliʻili nā ʻōpala a koi i ka lawe ʻana a me ka hōʻalo i nā ʻāina hou.

ʻO nā puka puka

ʻO ka huehue o ka ea e nā hoʻomehana. ʻAʻole kā lākou kumu kumu nui, akā ke kahe ala, ka nui o ka hoʻonui i kēlā makahiki mai kēia makahiki. Eia naʻe, eia kekahi mea i kona ʻokoʻa. Ke hele nei nā hale kaʻa. ʻO ka nui o nā mea i hoʻokuʻuʻia a me ka neʻeʻana i nā meaʻona meaʻona i loko o lākou e hoʻonui. ʻO kēia: carbon dioxide a me carbon dioxide. ʻO ka piʻi ʻana o ka malama ʻoi aʻe o ka pae o ka ʻenemi i ʻae ʻia o nā mea hope loa, hiki i 18 mau manawa. Ma kahi o kēia mau mea, ua ʻoi aku ka palena o ka lewa no ka formaldehyde, ka lepo, ka fenol, a me ka ammonia.

ʻO ka lua o ka māhele ka nui o ka pehu o ka lewa a me nā mea kanu o nā hale ʻoihana a me nā ʻāpana kūwaho.

ʻO Novosibirsk i ka māhele o ka hoʻohemo wai i waena o nā ʻōpū o ka ea ma waena o St. Petersburg a me Moscow.

ʻO ke aʻo ʻana o ka mokuʻāina o Novosibirsk. Kuhi ka nui o nā mea i hoʻokuʻuʻia i nā mea ʻino i loko o ke ea o ke kūlanakauhale. ʻO ka hoʻākāka ʻana i ka maikaʻi o ka pae wai a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe. ʻO nā pahuhopu o ka mālama kai. Nā hana mua ma ke kahua e pale aku i nā kumuwaiwai kūlohelohe.

Hoʻopū maikaʻi

ʻO ka pilikia pilikia no ka Novosibirsk ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe kino ʻana i ka pōʻaiapuni e ka home hoʻolilo. Inā hoʻemi ʻia ka hana o nā kumuwaiwai, a laila ua emi iki ka launa ʻana i ka ʻoihana. Eia nō naʻe, ke hoʻonui nei ka nui o nā ʻōpala kūʻai ʻāina i kēlā me kēia makahiki. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka manawa, pono e ʻike ʻia nā papa ʻāina.

p, ka mea i pīhoihoi 6.0,0,1,0 ->

Hiki i nā mea noho āpau ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka ʻolekolo o ke kūlanakauhale inā mālama ʻo ia i ka ikehu, ka wai, kiola i ka ʻōpala i loko o kahi ʻeke, huli i ka pepa ʻōpala, ʻaʻole hoʻi i pōʻino i ka helehelena. ʻO ka hapa liʻiliʻi o kēlā me kēia kanaka e kōkua i ke ʻano o ka ʻoluʻolu a me ka ʻoluʻolu.

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He maʻalahi ka unuhi ʻana i kāu hana maikaʻi ma ka waihona ʻike. E hoʻohana i ka palapala i lalo

Mahalo nui iā ʻoe nā haumāna, nā haumāna puka kula, nā ʻepekema ʻōpio e hoʻohana nei i ke kumu ʻike i kā lākou aʻo ʻana a me ka hana.

Kau ʻia ma luna http://allbest.ru

Ke Keʻena ʻOihana Hoʻonaauao a me nā ʻepekema o ka Russian Federation

ʻO ka Hoʻonaʻauao Hoʻonaʻauao Hoʻonaʻauao o Federal State no ke Kula ʻOihana Nui

Ke Kulanui ʻOihana Aupuni ʻo Siberian ma Geosystems a me ʻenehana

(FSBEI ON "SGUGiT")

Keena o ʻElepika a me nā hoʻokele waiwai

"Nā pilikia kūlohelohe o Novosibirsk"

Hoʻopau: St. E-21

1. ʻO ka mokuʻāina o ke kaona o Novosibirsk

2. Hoʻopiʻi nā mea o nā mea ʻona i ka lewa o ke kūlanakauhale

3. ʻO Ob River ma ka wahi o Novosibirsk

4. No ka wai me ka mama o Novosibirsk

5. No nā hoʻomaʻamaʻa e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ke ʻano o ke kaiapuni ma nā kino wai o ke kūlanakauhale

6. Ka palekana o ke kaiāulu a me nā ʻōnaehana kaiāulu

ʻAʻole nui ko mākou kūlanakauhale ka hana maoli a me nā hana kūlohelohe a pau e pili pono ana.

ʻO ka luku ʻana i nā ulu lāʻau e alakaʻi i ka hōʻemi o nā kumu kūlohelohe i ke kūlanakauhale o Novosibirsk, ʻo ka hoʻokuʻu i nā kemika hiki ke hōʻeha i ka maʻi ʻeha o nā kānaka, ʻo ka hoʻokuʻu i ka carbon dioxide i kahi hoʻokahi e hoʻolilo i ka loli o ka honua ma kahi ākea.

E ulu wikiwiki ka pilina a me ke kaiapuni a maopopo iā lākou iho i:

1. Ka hoʻoikaika i ka hilinaʻi ʻana i ka ʻoihana. ^ E Ha yM. A hiki i kēia manawa, ua ʻoli maoli ʻia ka hana kanaka a me kona mau hopena. ʻO ke kuli ʻenehana a me nā ʻoihana ʻepekema a me ka ʻenehana i kālai ʻia i ke ala no ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ke kahua o ka neʻe o ka waiwai, ka hana a me ke kapikala.

2. ʻO ka hoʻonuiʻana o ka kaumaha i ka kūlohelohe ma muli o ka ulu nui o ka lehulehu. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO ka ʻike ʻana i nā hopena kūpono o ka hoʻolālā socio-economic. Hiki ke'ōlelo ʻia ua emi iki ka make o ke keiki, ua hoʻonui ka pono o ke ola (mai ka awelika o 60 mau makahiki a 62), ʻoi aku ka nui o ka ulu ʻana o ka ʻai ma mua o ka nui o ka ulu o ka lehulehu.

ʻO ka holomua i ka lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻopakele i nā poʻe mai kekahi mau maʻi a hāʻawi i nā hōʻoluʻolu mai nā poʻe ʻē aʻe.

I ka mahiʻai, ua loaʻa ka "Green Revolution" - hoʻonui ʻia ka hana palaoa e 2.6 manawa, hiki iā ia ke hoʻonui i ka ʻai pilikino e 25 - 40%.

Kūpaʻa ke kūlanakauhale o Novosibirsk i nā pilikia pili kaiapuni, kahi e uku nui ai mākou i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka waiwai o ka waiwai.

I ka hopena, hoʻonui nui i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kumuwaiwai kūlohelohe, kahi o ia mea he mea nui ia i ka hoʻokele waiwai.

ʻO ke Kōmike City ʻO Novosibirsk no ka pale o ka nohona a me nā kumuwaiwai kūlohelohe i kaupalena ʻia nā hana palekana o ka nohona a me ka noʻonoʻo ʻana no ka hoʻolālā hoʻomohala ʻana i ka nohona o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i kahi loiloi kai kūhelu ʻo 2005 o ke kūlanakauhale o Novosibirsk.

I loko o ke kumu o ke kaona kūloko, 34.2% ka noho ʻia e ka wahi noho, 12.6% ka noho ʻia e ke kahua hoʻokumu, ʻo 37,8% ka pae ʻāina a me nā wahi ʻoliʻoli (me nā wahi kīhāpai māla). 8,5% - nā kino wai, 6.9% - mau ʻē aʻe, e pili ana i nā palapala ʻāina a me nā hale kanu. I ka manawa like, 28,6% - noho ʻia ke kaona o ke kūlanakauhale e ka mea hana hoʻomohala a me ka hoʻolaʻa ʻana.

1. ʻO ka mokuʻāina o ke kaona o Novosibirsk

Hoʻopili nui ke kumu o ke ola o Novosibirsk i nā pilikia nui ʻelua: nā hana lepo a me nā kūlana radiation.

Ma Novosibirsk, e pili ana i 2 miliona mau mika cubic i kēlā me kēia makahiki. hale paʻa paʻa a ma kahi o 500 tausani ʻona no ka pau ʻana o ka ʻenehana. ʻO kēia mau kīhāpai waiū i hōʻike i kahi pilikia nui no ke kaona. Ma kahi o 1,500 mau tausani cubic ka lawe ʻia ʻana i nā konohiki i kēlā me kēia makahiki, mālama ʻia kahi ma nā ʻoihana, a hele kekahi ma ka pae ʻāina i hoʻonohonoho ʻole ʻia, nā panu wai.

Ma ka ʻāpana ʻāpana he ana a hiki i 170, me kahi ākea he 14 heka. I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua lawe ka lepo ma luna iho ona i ke kaumaha nui o ka hopena anthropogenic a hiki i ka deformation ke alakaʻi i nā hopena pōʻino. ʻO nā pilikia nui o ka ʻāina maikaʻi ʻole o ka lepo e pili me ka nui o kā lākou make ʻana, ke kaiāulu ʻana, ka ʻōpala o nā hale a me ka pau ʻana o ka ʻoihana, pilikia o ka helehelena no ka hana ʻana o ka lepo, ka lōʻihi o ka lepo me nā meaʻala, ka paʻakai o nā metala kaumaha, ka pīhoihoi radioaktif, nā huahana a me nā mineral, ka nitrates, nā pesticides, pathogens o nā maʻi kanaka a me nā ʻōpala. holoholona

Eia nō hoʻi, i nā lau o Novosibirsk, he nui loa o ke kumu keleawe keleawe o 10 mau manawa a i loaʻa paha. ʻAʻole paʻa nā palapala ʻōpala wai i loko o ke kaona e like me nā hoʻoponopono kūpono. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa mau ka wā mālama i mālama ʻia, hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka ea me ka lepo, ka soot, nā mea hoʻonā, ka oxygen oxides, hydrogen sulfide a me nā mea kino ʻē aʻe.

Hoʻopili ʻia nā Ecology o Novosibirsk. Ma hope o ka pōʻino ma ka Chernobyl nuclear power plant ma ke aupuni aupuni, ua hoʻoholo ʻia i ka hoʻoholo e pili ana i ka hoʻokolokolo palapala o nā hoʻomāinoino o ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana i nā kūlanakauhale me ka nui o ka nui o 1 miliona mau kānaka. Mai ka makahiki 1988, ua lawe ʻia kēlā mau noiʻi ma ka wahi o Novosibirsk.

ʻO ka paleʻana o nā radiation radiation i Novosibirsk i hoʻokumu ʻia mai nā 40-50s. ma muli o nā hana hana i nā ʻoihana a me nā ʻoihana o ka ʻoihana ʻeneka. ʻAʻole he mau hanana i ka lehulehu, akā ua ʻike ʻia nā ala o kā lākou hana ma ke kūlanakauhale āpau i kēia manawa. Ua hōʻoia ʻia kēia ma ka nānā ʻana o kahi papa 217 o ka ʻohi radio ʻana i nā wahi āpau. Ua ʻike ʻia ka nui o nā pūnaewele o nā hona radioaktif i loko o ka moku Kalinin (131), kahi i loaʻa ai ka Novosibirsk Chemical Concentrate Plant.

Ma muli o ka hana, kokoke like nā wahi āpau o ka maʻi radioaktif i ʻae ʻia, me ka ʻole o nā ʻelua ʻelua, ʻo ia hoʻi: ʻo ka wahi i pāpā ʻia i ka palekana pale ʻana i ka wai o ka NPZhK a me ka wai o ka muliwai. Yeltsovka-2. Manaʻo ia e hoʻomau i kahi loiloi radiometric kikoʻī o ka moku Kalininsky. Mai ka ʻike i ka hana i hana ʻia, hiki ke wānana i ka ʻike ʻana i nā wahi i hala ʻole ʻia o ka hoʻomakeke ʻana mai o ka radioaktif a me ka pono o ka hana decontamination ma kahi ʻāpana a hiki i 1 ha.

Ma keʻano holoʻokoʻa, hiki iā mākou ke ʻōlelo aku i kēia manawa me ke ʻano o ka hele ʻana o ka radiation i ke kaona o ka kūlanakauhale ua ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o nā makahiki i hala, akā naʻe, ʻo kēia kālā ke hāʻawi ʻia i kēlā me kēia makahiki mai ka waihona kaiāulu o ke kūlanakauhale no nā hana i manaʻo e hōʻoia i ka palekana o ka palekana o ka lehulehu.

ʻO Novosibirsk, he hale kikowaena nui, ʻo ka lawe ʻana i ke kaʻa o Siberia, ke koi nei i ke hoʻomohala ʻana i kēia ʻōnaehana no ka mālama ʻana i ke kūlana o ka radiation, ʻo ia kahi o ka ʻōnaehana hoʻokahi.

Hōʻike ʻia kēia e ka wahi ma kahi o ka ʻāina Novosibirsk, e pili ana i nā wahi āpau i ʻike ʻia i ka hoʻomakeke radioaktif i ka wā e hoʻokuʻi ana i nā nuklea (Altai Territory) a me nā kuʻuna hoʻokauwā technamine (Tomsk Region), ka kūlana kūlohelohe o ka'āpana, ka mea i hāʻawi i ka hōʻemi a me ka hopena i nā poʻe o ka radionuclides kūlohelohe, nā hana a nā kumuwaiwai e hoʻohana ai i ka radioactive Nā ʻuki kūlohelohe (NZHK). Aia ma mua o ke kaona o nā kaona, nā hui olakino, nā keʻena noiʻi e hoʻohana ana i nā kumu radioaktif i kā lākou mau hana a makemake i ka mana o ka palekana o kā lākou hoʻohana.

ʻO Novosibirsk kahi kahua kikowaena nui e hele ai i nā ʻano kaʻa a me nā mea hoʻonaninani kūlohelohe, me ka radioactive, pass a hiki mai. Hōʻike nā mea āpau o luna i ka pono no ka nānā ʻana i ke ʻano o ka radiation i ka pūnaehana hoʻonohonoho hoʻokahi.

ʻEwalu ʻia o loko o ʻumi mau wahi o ke kūlanakauhale o Novosibirsk e loaʻa ana i loko o ka granite massif me ka piʻi ʻana o nā mea ʻike radioi kūlohelohe - uranium, thorium, pālolo a me ka radione a me ka radion, e waiho ana i ka hopena o ka hiki ke ʻike i ka lehulehu mai nā kumu maoli.

ʻO ka Radona kahi pahu hau kūlohelohe ʻaʻohe ʻaʻohe ʻula a ʻona paha. Ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, ʻaʻole i hōʻiliʻili ka radon i nā ʻano mea i hoʻopilikia ʻia e nā kānaka, akā, no ka mea he 7.5 mau manawa i ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o ka ea, hiki iā ia ke hoʻokūkū i nā papa i pani ʻia o nā hale, nā keʻena, nā haʻahaʻa, a laila. i ka nui o ke kumu o ka MPC e ka ʻumi mau manawa.

Hoʻopili ka Radon i ka maka ma o nā heʻe i loko o ka pōhaku, ma o ka lepo, ma o ka huehue a me nā ʻōnaehana wai, ma o ka wai. Hiki i Radon ke hoʻopuka i nā lako hana. Noho nā hua pala Radon ma luna o nā lepo lepo i loko o ka lewa, e komo i ke kaena hanu a hoʻonāukiuki i ke kino me nā ʻāpana alpha, e hiki mai ana i ka maʻi palaka.

ʻO ka hana ʻepekema, ka hopena o ke kahe o ka wai o ka wai o ke kaiāulu Ob, ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ke kāʻei o ka noʻonoʻo ʻole i ka hopena o ke kumu o nā kaiāulu, ʻoi aku ka hoʻomake i ke kūlana radioecological i ke kaona. I ʻike ʻia ma kahi o ʻolekine mau hōʻike a me nā waihona wai o ka wai ʻona ma ke kūlanakauhale. No nā pono lehulehu o ka home, ua hoʻolako ʻia ka nui o nā pūnāwai me nā ʻikena radon i loko o ka wai hohonu o nā mea ʻimi ʻia. ʻO kā lākou hana pono ʻole, ke kūlana olakino o nā luawai e alakaʻi i ka radon pohi ʻana o nā pualani kiʻekiʻe a me ka hūnā ʻana o ke kūlana radioecological.

ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻopilikia ke kaona o Novosibirsk no ke olakino o ka olakino lehulehu.

ʻO ka hāliʻi ʻana o nā kaʻa kaʻa i ka ʻemi holoʻokoʻa o ke kaona i ka makahiki 2005 i hōʻea a ma kahi o 187 tausani mau haneli / makahiki, a ua paʻa ka nui o nā hāhina i nā ʻōpuni o nā kaʻa i nā papa o nā mea i hoʻohālikelike ʻia i nā lewa kūloko. Hōʻike nā haʻawina o ka lewa hau ma luna o nā ala pākahi "pākaha" kūlohelohe o ke kaona i hōʻike ʻia ai nā mea like o nā kaʻa o ka pau ʻana o ke kaʻa i ka lewa e like me ka carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, formaldehyde, alakaʻi, etc. Ma kekahi mau ala ākea, ʻo ka nui o nā hoʻohālike me kahi haʻawaʻi o nā mea hōʻeha e pili ana iā 40 a 100%.

ʻO ka ulu o ka nui o nā kaʻa ma nā alanui o Novosibirsk no nā makahiki ʻekolu i hala aku nei, ua ʻoi aku ma mua o 25%. Wahi a nā wānana i loaʻa mai, i nā makahiki e hiki mai ana e hoʻomau ka ulu ʻana o ka nui o nā kaʻa i Novosibirsk. Me ka ulu ʻana o ka huakaʻi kaʻa o ke kūlanakauhale, e loaʻa pū ka nui o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i nā huakaʻi i loko o ka lewa.

Me ka ulu ʻana o ka mākaʻi o ke kūlanakauhale, he nui ka nui o nā hoʻoiho o nā haumia i ka lewa. Wahi a nā wānana i kēia manawa, e hoʻomau ka ulu ʻana o ka nui o nā kaʻa i Novosibirsk i kahi makahiki e hiki mai ana.

Hāʻawi i ka holo o ka nui o nā kaʻa, ka palena haʻahaʻa o ka hoʻohou hou ʻana, ka nāwaliwali nāwaliwali no ka wikiwiki wikiwiki o ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā koho (metro, no ka laʻana) he mea nui loa ia e hoʻohana i nā waiwai i hoʻolako ʻia e hōʻemi i ka hopena maikaʻi ʻole o ka mokulele ma ka kūlana o kēia manawa i ke kūlanakauhale a i ka wā lōʻihi.

2. Hoʻopiʻi nā mea o nā mea ʻona i ka lewa o ke kūlanakauhale

ʻO nā punawai nui o ka hoʻohemo ʻana o nā ea: nā kaʻa, nā wahi ʻenehana a me nā ʻenehana ʻenehana a me nā kumuwaiwai haʻahaʻa o nā lawelawe pilikino (chimneys).

ʻO ka nui o ka hoʻonui i nā puka i ka makahiki 2005 ua loaʻa i ka 11,9 tausani tons. ʻO kēia ke kumu nui o ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o nā hoʻokolohua ʻenehana ma muli o ka ulu ʻana o ka hoʻoulu ʻana, kahi piʻi i nā kahe o nā mea kaʻa a me ka piʻi o ka uku o ka wahie ʻoihana ʻenehana.

ʻO ka mea nui nui loa ka pehu ʻana i ka lewa uila i ka ʻoihana uila uila. ʻO nā huahana e like me: nā hui CHPP-2, CHPP-3, CHPP-4, CHPP-5 o ka lālā o Generation o Novosibirskenergo OJSC e hoʻohaumia i ka lewa. ʻO ka poina o ka hoʻokuʻu i ka poʻe pōʻino i nā ʻoihana ʻo JSC "Novosibirskenergo" i hōʻike ʻia i ka papa ʻaina:

Nā kikowaena o nā hoʻoiho pollutant e nā Novosibirsk TPP, mano kaukani.

Kaneka kanaka i hana ʻia a me ke ʻano kūlohelohe

Ma lalo o ka Soviet Union, nui nā lehulehu o nā ʻoihana hana ʻona - nā kumu radiation - hana ma Novosibirsk. I kēia mau lā, e pili ana i nā 200 ʻona a me ke ʻano nui o ka radiation hihiu e ʻike kokoke i nā hale mea ʻike. I loko o ka pōʻaiapōpō:

Akā ʻaʻole hake ka hopena o ka radio radio o nā ʻāina ʻo Novosibirsk ma muli o ka hopena anthropogenic: pālahalaha ʻia ma ke ʻano o ke kaona. Hoʻopilikia kēia ʻano radioaktif i ke olakino a me ke ola ʻana o ke kanaka.

Hoʻopili maikaʻi ka radon kūlohelohe i ka lewa, ka mea ʻona a me ka wīwī. Ua hōʻike ʻia e nā kānakaʻepekema ʻo ke kīloʻi radon ka lua pinepine o ke kumu e hiki ai i ka maʻi palaka. Kūpono nui nā pale piha i ka radona.

ʻO Novosibirsk kekahi o nā kūlanakauhale he ʻumi "ʻeha loa" ma ka ʻāina. I nā makahiki ʻekolu i hala iho nei, ua hoʻonui ʻia ka nui o nā mea maʻi maʻi e 4%. I ka ʻekisitana, kākau ʻia ma ka liʻiliʻi o 10% o ka heluna o hoʻokahi a me ka hapalua miliona megalopolis.

Ma nā palena wale nō o Novosibirsk, ma ka liʻiliʻi loa he mau wahi haneli i ʻike ʻia kahi e holo ai ka ʻona kino i ka ili.

Kūʻai ʻino

ʻO ka pilikia o ka hōʻino ʻana i ka ʻoihana e kūpono no nā kūlanakauhale nui. ʻO nā kanaka nunui e hana pū ana me ka aila, hiʻona, a me ka ʻoihana ikaika e hoʻohaumia i ka lewa me nā tausani mano cubic o nā hoʻokuʻu. Akā ka mea nui e hoʻoweliweli i ka ea i ka lewa. ʻO nā punawai nui o nā haumia:

• ka halihali - 66% o nā hoʻokuʻu,
• ʻoihana - 4,5%,
• nā hale noho kaiāulu (4%) a me nā hoʻoili kūʻokoʻa pilikino.

ʻO ka paʻa ʻana o nā mea ʻona ma luna o ka metropolis ma mua o ka 18 mau manawa. Ua haumia ka lewa:

• hona
• benzapyrene,
• ʻ (komi (hōʻemi a me ke floride),
• fenol
• ammonia
• formaldehydes.

Ke ulu nei ʻo Novosibirsk ma ke kikowaena ʻoihana. Ke hoihoi nei nā hana hou i nā poʻe mai ke kahakai, e ulu ana ka lehulehu - ua nui ke halihali. Manaʻo loa paha e ulu ka pilikia o ka hoʻoheheʻe o ka ea.

Manaʻo nā kauka i nā hana hoʻohemo ke kumu i ke kumu nui o ka maʻi ʻaʻai o ke kino, ka mea kaulana loa i ke ʻano o ka oncology ma Novosibirsk. ʻO ka helu nui loa o nā mea maʻi i nā kikowaena (kahi e ʻona ai nā kaʻa i ka lewa) a ma nā wahi ʻenehana.

Ka wai make

ʻO Inya lāua ʻo Ob nā kahawai nui o ka ʻāina ʻo Novosibirsk. Hāʻawi lākou i nā poʻe noho i ka wai, akā i ka manawa like ua hoʻohaumia ʻia lākou e ke kūlanakauhale ponoʻī a me kāna mau hoalauna.

Loaʻa ka Ob i kahi kahikina mai Novosibirsk a me ka Altai Territory a halihali i ka Novosibirsk Reservoir, kahi wahi hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia ka wai. Kūʻai pinepine nā ʻoihana ʻoihana i ka wai i loko o nā kahawai, e hoʻonui ai i ke kūlana o ke kaiapuni.

He kūpono ʻole ka ʻōnaehana wai o ka kūlanakauhale, no laila hiki ʻole iā ʻoe ke inu mai ka pā. Ma mua o ka hoʻohanaʻana, pono e hoʻolapalapa a kānana paha.

Ua ʻike nā ka nohona o nā kaiāulu i ka wahi o ka Novosibirsk e loaʻa ʻole nā ​​kaila ʻona. I ka makahiki 2018, he 15 wale nā ​​kahakai i wehe ʻia no ka ʻauʻau, 5 o lākou ma ke kikowaena o ke kikowaena. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā kino wai o ka ʻāina i manaʻo ʻia he kūpono ʻole ia no ka ʻauʻau ʻana ma muli o ka hoʻopaʻi ʻole ʻana i nā kūlike.

Hoʻōmole

ʻO ka huahana hiki ʻole o ke ola kanaka he mau lā ka pōpoki kūloko. He 41 mau ʻāina ʻauʻau ʻāina ma ka māhele ʻo Novosibirsk, akā ʻaʻole nui nā wahi hoʻoiho no lākou. No ka hoʻopiʻi nui ʻana o nā pā kula, hoʻokūkū nui nā kūlanakauhale - i nā wao a me nā nāhelehele.

ʻAʻole hoʻomaʻamaʻa nā wahi i ka pena. Hiki i kekahi mea hou aku i ka mālama ʻana i ka mālama ʻāina hiki ke hoʻolāʻau. Ma kēia wale nō o hoʻokahi ʻoihana e hana ana no ka ʻāina holoʻokoʻa, akā ʻoi aku ka nui o nā kumukūʻai no ka ʻohi ʻōpala i nā wahi ma mua o nā mea ʻauhau, no laila ke makemake nei nā lawelawe kaiāulu e hoʻolei i kahi huna i ke ala kahiko. Wahi a nā kaiāulu kanaka, 5 ka nui o nā mea kanu no Novosibirsk a me kāna mau mea e hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia nā hoʻomaʻemaʻe.

ʻO nā kamaʻāina kūloko e kūʻē i nā mea kanu lāʻau kumulāʻau. Hoʻopau maikaʻi kēia i ka hoʻokō ʻana o kahi hoʻolālā hana hoʻomehana kaiāulu.

Hoʻolaha ʻia

ʻO ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ke kūlana kūlohelohe i ka ʻāina Novosibirsk e kōkua i nā wahi ʻōmaʻomaʻo e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka ea haumia. Akā ʻaʻole kanu nā lāʻau. A hoʻomau ka deforestation.

Hoʻomau pinepine ʻia nā mea kūʻē i ka luku ʻana i ka nahele ma Siberia, a he mea ʻē a Novosibirsk. ʻO ka hana kaua hou loa e pili ana i ka hāʻule ʻana o nā kumulāʻau a puni ke kūlanakauhale. No nā kuʻuna hoʻi e pili ana i nā mahi ʻai a me ka hoʻokumu i ka "pale pale" o ka metropolis e kāʻili ʻia ana i kēia manawa. Manaʻo nā mea hana i ke kūʻai aku nei i nā lāʻau i nā ʻāina ʻē, a ʻoi aku ka uku o ka hoʻopale kūʻai aku i nā mea ulu lāʻau ma mua o ka ecology.

ʻAʻole pono nā pono o Novosibirsk e like me nā wahi ʻoliʻoli. Hoʻomaʻemaʻe lākou i nā kahawai, pale i ka hiʻona o ka ʻāina, mālama i ka ʻōpio o nā wahi.

Hōʻemaʻe

Hoʻomaopopo nā mea hana kaiāulu a me ke alakaʻi ʻana i ke kūlanakauhale he hiki ʻole ke ʻae ʻia ke kūlana. Hoʻowahāwahā ke kanaka i ke kūlanakauhale - kanaka a hoʻomaʻemaʻe.

ʻO nā subbotnik a me nā hanana kūlohelohe, hoʻomaʻemaʻe i nā wahi kālala a me nā loko wai, a me nā wahi ʻoliʻoli i mālama pinepine ʻia i ia manawa. No laila, ʻo ka hopena o kahi ʻano eco-marathons o ka decontamination piha o kekahi o nā kahakai, i pani ʻia ma muli o ka hoʻokomo ʻole ʻana i nā kūlana maʻi. ʻĀnō ʻia ke kauʻauʻau ʻana.

Ua hoʻohana nā luna kūloko i kahi papahana e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka ʻĀina o ka wahi. Hāʻawi ia:

• ʻO ka nānā ʻana o nā huakaʻi
• pale wai
• hoʻihoʻi hou o ka hoʻohana ʻana a me ka pau ʻole i ka hana.
• ke nānā ʻana o ke kaiapuni,
• lāʻano
• e hōʻoia ana i ka palekana radiation.

Hoʻolālā lākou e hoʻoneʻe i nā hale kālaihana o ke kūlanakauhale a me ka lawe ʻana i ka lehulehu i ka wahie, e hoʻomālamalama i ka pilikino pilikino: e like me ka poʻe kūlohelohe, ua hoʻopiʻi nā paila i nā mea ʻino i loko o ka lewa ma mua o nā wela wela a me nā mea kanu ikaika i Novosibirsk.

I nā kikowaena bemela, ua hoʻopau ʻia ke kūʻai aku a me ka makeke me ka nui o ka ʻolahi huakai. Ua hōʻemi ʻia ke ana i ka nui o ke alakaʻi i ka lewa. Ua hoʻolauna ʻia ka ʻona nā kaila kaʻa huakaʻi.

Hāʻawi ka nānā ʻana i ka "pale pale": hoʻokō pinepine lākou i ka ʻohi maluhia, ke hōʻiliʻili, nā hua kanu hou o nā lāʻau hou. Ke hoʻolaha nei nā pūʻulu hana i ka manaʻo o nā ʻikepili kolepa ʻōpala me nā ʻoihana pilikino ʻoihana.

Kūlana kulekele ma ke kūlanakauhale

Hiki iā mākou ke hoʻokaʻawale i nā kumu kumu nui me kēia, ʻoiai kahi e haumia ai ka lewa o ke kūlanakauhale:

• lawe ana i ka lele (66%)
• nā hana o nā waiwai (4.5%),
• mau hale kikowaena kūmole (4%),
• nā hoʻohemo pilikino (i loko mai o nā chimney).

ʻO ke kūlana o ke kaiapuni

Mai 300 a me 360,000 tons o nā ʻano mea like ʻole e hoʻohaumia ai ka lewa i loko o ka pahu wai o Novosibirsk i kēlā me kēia makahiki.

ʻOi aku ka manaʻo o kekahi o lākou i nā mea i ʻae ʻia.

Aia ka hapanui i ka lewa aia i ka formaldehyde (mai 3 a hiki i ka 4 ke koi ʻana i ke ʻano nui), benzapyrene (a hiki i 3 MPC), nitrogen dioxide (mai ka 1.2 a hiki i 1,3 ka paʻa ʻana), amoniana (a hiki i ka 1,2 paʻa). fluoride nitrogen (a hiki i ka 1,1 paʻa) a me ka lepo (a hiki i ka 1,2 MAC).

Hoʻopilikia ka mōlia

Eia nō kekahi, ʻo ke ʻano o ke aniani o Novosibirsk, a me nā kūlanakauhale ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻole ia e hilinaʻi wale i nā mea ʻino e hoʻokuʻu ʻia i ka lewa, akā i nā ʻano mea ʻē aʻe like ʻole hoʻi e like me ka mālie, ke hoʻohuli ʻana i ka mahana, a me nā hē papa kai piha o ka lewa).

Ma ka holoʻokoʻa, ka ʻoi aku o ka lewa o ka lewa ma Novosibirsk i ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o ka laʻana, i ka laʻana, ma Eastern Siberia a me Kuzbass, akā ʻaʻole naʻe lākou i ka pae kūpono i ʻike ʻia ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka Lūkia, no ka mea ʻo ia ka mea e hoʻonui ai ka hopena meteorological i nā kūlanakauhale.

ʻO ke kūlana o nā wai wai

Ma nā kahawai o Ine a me Ob, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā mea haumia e hele mai ana i loko o nā mea lele mai nā wahi kokoke. Pūnaewele,e hoʻomaka ana mai Barnaul a pā i ka Novosibirsk reservoir, he kiʻekiʻe ke kāʻei.

ʻO ka pahu wai hou o Novosibirsk, kahi mau reservoir me ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe e hoʻomaʻemaʻe iā ʻoe iho, e loaʻa ana i ka wai i hoʻopā ʻia mai ka ʻAmelika Altai a hoʻomaikaʻi i kona pae i nā mea haumia. Me kāna runoff hoʻonohonoho ʻole, ua hāʻawi nui ke kūlanakauhale i ka nui o nā mea haumia. Hiki i kekahi ke nānā i kahi holoi ʻole o nā lako palekana wai.

ʻO ka ʻaoʻaoʻo Ob ka mea nui e hāʻawi pono ana i ke kaona me ka wai. ʻO kēlā me kēia makahiki, ʻo 700 miliona mau kapahā kahaha ʻo ia e hoʻopau ʻia ma ka pono o ka poʻe. ʻAʻole emi ma lalo o 2% o ka nui o ka wai i lawe ʻia mai nā kumu o lalo o lalo.

Lawe kēia ʻoi i kahi pōʻino maoli, no ka mea, i ka hanana ʻino ʻole o ka muliwai Novosibirsk, e hoʻokaʻawale loa ia me kahi wai ʻole.

He kūlana kūlohelohe i kekahi mau wahi o Novosibirsk

Wahi a nā ʻōkuhi i hoʻolālā ʻia, i lawe ʻia mai ka West Siberian Environmental Monitoring Center ma Kamenka River (loaʻa i ka Central Central), ua ʻike ʻia ka nui o ka haumia i nā pōʻino. No laila, ma kāna mau wai kuhikuhi i ka wai o ka sulfides, hydrogen sulfide, he nui loa ka nitrogen ammonia ma mua o ke kolamu. ʻO nā pollutant ʻelua i koho mua ʻia ma muli o nā effluents ʻenehana. Eia nō hoʻi, ma muli o ka nui o ka hōʻemi kino o ka wai o ka wai, ua hoʻolilo ʻia kahi nui o ka oxygen i hoʻokahe ʻia i ka wai.

Aia ka makani ma Novosibirsk ma kahi komohana hema, kahi e alakaʻi ai i ka neʻe ʻana i ka haumia mai nā wahi a Leninsky a me Kirovsky a i Zaeltsovsky a me Central.

Ma ka māhele o Central, e like me nā hopena o ka nānā ʻana, he nui ka manaʻo o ka hoʻokahe haukae ma ka lewa, me ka formaldehyde a me ka carbon dioxide.

Aia nā kūlanakauhale ʻelua o nā wahi ʻōmaʻomaʻo nui, aia lākou ma nā moku Soviet a me Zaeltsovsky. Hāʻawi lākou i ka hāʻawi ʻana i ke kūlanakauhale me ka ea hou. Eia naʻe, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i kekahi manawa i ke ʻano me ka wāwahi o ka lāʻau, ʻoiai i nā makahiki i hala iho nei he mea maʻamau ka maʻamau.

ʻO Zaeltsovsky boron kai maoli maoli ia o nā māmā o Novosibirsk, ʻo ia kekahi o nā kūlohelohe koʻikoʻi. Wahi a kekahi mau noiʻi, ʻo ka ea i hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia i ka moku Zaeltsovsky, a laila e hiki i ka kikowaena o ke kūlanakauhale a hoʻolako i ka wahi me ka oxygen a hiki i ka moku Oktyabrsky.

Ua pono hoi e olelo ia, o ka Apana Soviet ka lua o ke kaona, kahi i ka manawa ke komo ikaika i ka mālama ʻana i kona mau wahi ʻōmaʻomaʻo. No ka laʻana, kūkulu ʻia kahi kihi kūlohelohe kūikawā i kēia manawa, aia e kū nei i waena o nā alanui Akadekademy a ʻo Berdsky.

ʻO ke kūlana radioo i loko o ke kūlanakauhale

ʻO ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana o ke kūlanakauhale i hoʻoneʻe ʻia i loko o ke kaila 40-50 o ke kenekulia hope. ʻO nā kumu kumu nā hana o nā pahuhopu like ʻole, ʻo nā hui e hoʻomohala ana i ka ʻoihana kaua.

Ua paʻa paha kekahi mau ʻoihana i kā lākou hana i kēia lā, akā naʻe, hiki iā ʻoe ke mālama i ka hopena o kā lākou hana. No ka laʻana, ua loaʻa nā ʻona he 217 ma nā wahi a pau o Novosibirsk kahi i hoʻonui ʻia ai ka pae o ka radiation.

ʻO ka hapa nui o nā wahi me ka hoʻohālikelike radioaktif o ka ka ʻenemi aia i ka moku Kalininsky (131 zona), eia kahi ʻano lāʻau kūlohelohe. Hoʻomau mau ʻia nā hana like ʻole me ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i nā kiʻekiʻe o ka maʻi radiation ma ke kaona.

Ma keʻano holoʻokoʻa, i kēia manawa, ʻaʻole ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka radio radio Novosibirsk e like me ka wā ma mua, akā akā, aia nō ka pono o nā hana maʻamau e hōʻoia ai i ka palekana o ka radiation ma ke kūlanakauhale.

ʻOi aku ma kahi o hoʻokahi haneli o nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe, a me nā ʻōnaehana olakino e hoʻohana i nā ala radioaktif i kā lākou hana, no laila pono e hōʻoia i ka palekana o kā lākou hoʻohana.

Maanei, 8 nā 10 o nā wahi i loaʻa i ka palena o ka massif granite me ka piʻi nui ʻana o nā mea radioaktif pono ʻano, ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo thorium, uranium, pālala, a me ka leona a me ka radium, ka mea i kōkua i ka hoʻonui i ka hōʻeuʻeu o nā kamaʻāina.

ʻOihana ʻoihana o ke kūlanakauhale

ʻO Novosibirsk i kāna ʻoihana kahi o nā kikowaena nui loa i Siberia. Ma kahi o 20% o ka huina Hana ʻia nā mīkini mīkini hana e nā ʻenehana o ke kūlanakauhale a me kāna ʻāina. Hoʻohālikelike nui ʻia ma waena o lākou nā mīkini kaohi a me nā mea ʻenehana. Hoʻolālā kūleʻa ʻole nā ​​ferrous a i ʻole ka mana uila.

Hiki ke kapa ʻia nā ʻano ʻoihana like ʻole a me kā lākou mau ʻelele:

• Aviation: "ʻo ʻo V.P. Hui Pūʻulu Hālāwai Chkalova ", pili i ka hoʻoponopono a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka mokulele,
• Nā Metals: NZMK - nā ʻano keleawe like ʻole,
• "LVK" - nā hale kūkulu pūnaewele, nā wahi hoʻoneʻe, nā hale kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe.
• kirika: "NZP Uniz", e hoʻopuka ana i nā ipu mai ka polyethylene,
• nā mea kūkulu hale: PromGeoPlast - ua hana ʻia nā pepa polymer ma ʻaneʻi,
• mea hana: "NIZ" - clamping, driver, and also mounting tool,
• ʻāinana: "NKZ" - kelaha mana i hana ʻia me ke keleawe,
• ʻlelo: "Strokeramika" - kaupaʻi seramik,
• Kāleka Kūʻai "- nā huahana confectionery,
• "NKZ" - e hana i nā huahana kēkē,
• NLZ - e hana ana i ka hoʻolei ʻana o ke kila, ka mea hao a me ka mea ʻole ferrous metala,
• ʻ Plantlelo Hana ʻenehana - e hana i nā mea hoʻomahana i ka induction,
• "Cinderella", "NMF" - nā mea kūkulu hale, hana lākou i nā lako ʻaina.
• "NFF", "NZMP-Novomed" - lako olakino,
• "NMZ" - metallurgy,
• "NFVO", "KORS" - ua hua ʻia nā kāmaʻa
• ʻO Baltika-Novosibirsk - hana ʻia ka pia,
• "Schwabe" - i hana ia i ka hana o nā mea nānā a me nā alakaʻi alakaʻi, a me ke ana ʻana i nā mea hana e hoʻohana ʻia ana i ka hana,
• "KPF" - kahi pāmu puaʻa.
• "Gallop" - nā alakaʻi no nā kuʻina, nā diffusers, nā hui kaulike,
• He hale hana loea ʻo Sibir
• Chemplast - nā ʻano huahana like ʻole
• SibFlux - hana i nā wai no ka mea kūʻai wai piha
• "Salute" - hana hoʻomehana o nā pā,
• PSF, Severyanka, Pae, Sympathy, Classics, Sinar - nā hale hana lole.
• "NEMZ" - hoʻololi i nā uila haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa.
• "TEK" - nā puna wela
• He hale kūʻai waiwai ʻo Adalit.

Kū ka ʻoihana koʻikoʻi mai nā ʻano hana āpau i loaʻa i Novosibirsk. Aia ka nunui o nā ʻoihana ma kēia papahana i Novosibirsk, a ma Iskitim a me Berdsk (nona nā kolo Novosibirsk).

ʻO kā kirika paha ka mea o ka wā e hiki mai ana? ʻAʻole, maoli maoli. Hiki iā ʻoe ke heluhelu e pili ana i kekahi o nā polimia hoihoi loa i kā mākou moʻolelo.

He aha ke ʻano o nā kaʻa e hoʻomaʻemaʻe ai a i o mākou mau kūlanakauhale i ke kakahiaka? Hoʻohana maikaʻi a haʻi ʻia ma ka https://greenologia.ru/othody/vyvoz/kommunalnaya/kommunalnaya-texnika-pum.html loulou.

Palekana ʻana i ke kaiāulu ma Novosibirsk

Hōʻailona ka hanana ʻana o nā hanana like i loko o ke kaona, a me nā hana e pili ana i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i nā kino wai a me nā wahi ʻōmaʻomaʻo a mālama i ka maikaʻi. No ia mea, ua komo pū kekahi me nā ʻōnaehana lehulehu, nā hui a me nā ʻoihana, a ʻo ke komo ʻana o nā luna o nā moku o Novosibirsk e komo pū ana i kēia kaʻina hana.

Hana ʻia nā subbotnik i nā wahi āpau o ke kūlanakauhale e pili ana i ka ʻohi ʻana i nā ʻōpala a me nā ʻāina hoʻi o nā kīhāpai, nā pā, nā alapa i. No ke hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ke kahakai kahawai o ka muliwai Kamenka, e kahe ana ma ka moku Dzerzhinsky, ʻo ka ʻōpala o nā ʻōpala, ka lawe ʻana aku, a me ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻana i ka ʻōpala mai nā wahi i ke kahakai e lawe ʻia ana.

Ua hana pū kekahi hana e hoʻokaʻawale i nā ʻōpala mai ke kahawai ʻo Ob. I Iune 5, 2014, ua mālama ʻia kahi hanana kaiāulu ʻana i ka wā i hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia ai ke kahakai a me ke kahakai o ka loko i kapa ʻia ʻo South-West ma ka moku o Leninsky.

Eia kekahi, ua hoʻokae ka luna hoʻomalu i kahi papahana e like me nā hana e pono ai me ka ʻōnaehana ʻana.

• e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka lewa,
• pale a hoʻohana i nā pono wai,
• pale ʻana o ka nohona mai ka luku ʻana a me ka hoʻoulu ʻana,
• hoʻomau ka mālama ʻana i ke kaiapuni
• ma ka aina hele o ke kulanakauhale, a me ka hoʻouluulu ʻana i nā ululāʻau e pili ana i ke kaiāulu,
• ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka palekana radiological o ka lehulehu.

Ke hana ʻia nei nā hana ʻē aʻe i kēia manawa i mea e hoʻomaʻamaʻa ai i ke kūlana ékological i loko o ke kaona (a he mea pono hoʻi e hoʻokō e hana iā lākou i ka wā e hiki mai ana).

1. Ma ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka hōʻemi o ka hopena ʻino i ka ʻona o ke kūlanakauhale (ma mua loa, hele mai nā mea pono, a mai ka wela a me nā lako hana).
2. ʻO ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana o ka waila i hoʻonohonoho ʻia a me nā ʻōnaehana o ka wela, hiki ke hoʻololi i kekahi mau wahi wela i ke kino, a me ka pani ʻana i nā lako wela e hiki ke hōʻeha i ke kaiāulu.
3. ʻO ka hōʻemi i nā hopena maikaʻiʻole o nā kaʻa, ke hoʻopuka nei i nā ʻano leona o ke ʻano ʻona o ke kaʻa, ka nānā ʻana i ke ʻano loea ʻenehana.
4. No kēia kumuhana, pono e hakakā i nā hoʻoheheʻe kīnā ʻole e hoʻomaikaʻi i nā ʻōnaehana ʻāina o nā ʻāina a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i kā lākou mea leʻaleʻa.

Inā ʻoe e hoʻokau i kēia mau lula āpau, e loli ka kūlana o ke ola o Novosibirsk no ka maikaʻi, e kōkua ana i ka hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi ʻana i ke ʻano o ke ola o nā kamaʻāina a me ka hōʻemi i ka nui o nā maʻi i kū mai ma muli o kahi ʻano haumia.