1. Albatrosses he mau kai moana i ʻike ʻia no ko lākou aloha i ka huakaʻi lōʻihi.
2. Noho nā Lāhua ma kahi anuanu a me ka wela o ka Hema Hema. Loaʻa pinepine nā manu i nā mea i kapa ʻia ʻo Southern Ocean - ke kauā e kokoke ana i Antarctica, ma nā mokupuni a pau.
3. Ke hele lōʻihi nei nā manu - i nā ʻāina wela o ka Hema ʻākau, a ʻaʻole hoʻi e lele wale i nā wahi i luna o ka moana Artctic.
4. Aia ma mua o 20 mau ʻano o ka albatrosses - mai smoky, ka nui o kahi alagato, e lele nui ana (ʻo nā exulans Diomedes, a i ʻole "albatross exiled"), me nā hīnaʻi mōʻī he 3.5 mau mika (eia kahi mokulele hoʻokele liʻiliʻi hoʻokahi)!
5. I ka ʻohana albatross, ke albatrosses a ke aliʻi nui a me ka nui o nā manu lele lele e like me ka nui. Pahu aku ka nui o ke kino o nā pākeke - 10-11 kilograms, a ʻo nā ʻēheu a hiki i ka 3,5 mika. ʻO nā ʻano maʻamau o albatrosses: ʻo Amsterdam albatross, albatross aliʻi, ke aloha albatross, Tristan albatross.
ʻO Amsterdam Albatross
6. Hiki ʻo Amsterdam albatross i ka 120 kenimika ma ka lōʻihi, nā ʻēheu - a hiki i 3,5 mau mika, ke kaupaona ʻana o ka paona he 5-8 kilograms.
7. He ʻike ākea ka manaʻo ākea o nā mokupuni ʻo Amsterdam ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o ke Kaiʻula.
8. Ua hoʻoweliweli ʻia kēia manu me ka pahuhopu, akā e lohi akā e hiki ke hoʻonui i ka lehulehu.
9. ʻOi aku ka lele ʻana o Albatrosses ma mua o nā manu ʻē aʻe. Mahalo i ke nānā ʻana i ka satellite, ua hoʻohuli ʻia kahi lele albatrosses e lele ana a puni ka Honua i lalo o ʻelua mahina a ua hiki ke alo o nā lā ʻeono me ke kī ʻole ʻole o ko lākou mau ʻēheu.
10. ʻO ka hapa ikaika loa a pau o nā lele albatross ka mea e pau ai: ʻo ka manawa wale nō e pono ai ka manu e lele i kona mau ehe.
Royal albatross
11. ʻO ka albatross aliʻi ke lōʻihi o ka manu a ka lōʻihi o 110 i 120 sentimeter, kahi mau ʻēheu o 280-350 kenimika, a kaupaona ka pākeke ma kahi o 8 kilograms.
ʻO kēia ʻano ʻano ʻehā mau ʻōlelo ʻelua: nā ʻāpana aliʻi kiʻekiʻe a me ke albatrosses aliʻi koa. Ua uhi ʻia nā ʻēheu o nā ʻĀpana ʻākau me nā hulu o ka ʻulaʻula polū, aʻo ka ʻaoʻao hema he mau ʻēheu keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo.
13. ʻO ka wahi o ka albatross aliʻi - ʻo Aotearoa.
14. ʻAʻole e like me nā manu e ʻānai ana i nā kahawai wela, ua mālama ʻia ke albatross e kokoke ana i ka wai o ke kai me ka hāpai ʻana o ka ea o nā ʻōpū o ka lewa mai ka nalu ʻana.
15. Kūpono ka pili o kēia mau manu, ua paʻa, a ʻoluʻolu hoʻi, a e ʻoluʻolu hoʻi, me ka pua e uhi ana i ke kino o ke albatross ma kahi papena e hoʻomau ana, aʻo nā manu ʻē aʻe e ulu wale ana ma kekahi mau laina - pterillia. ʻO ka lili wela o nā albatrosses e pili kokoke i nā swan i loko o kāna mau mea kino.
E hui ʻia ke albatross
16. He alapona ke kuamoʻo a hiki i ka 117 kenimika, nā ʻēheu o ka nui o nā ʻano nui a pau a hiki i 370 kenimika. He keʻokeʻo ke ʻano o ka pala o ka manu, ma luna o nā hulu o nā ʻēheu aia paha i nā kao ʻeleʻele. ʻO ka nui ka beak. ʻAmelika nā pale.
17. Hoʻouluulu ka poʻe ʻōpiopio i ka brown, keʻokeʻo a keʻokeʻo i ka wā e ulu ai lākou, akā hiki ke nānā ʻia kahi kiʻi keleka i ka umauma i kahi lōʻihi.
18. Loaʻa kekahi albatross haʻaheʻe ma nā mokupuni o nā subantarctic.
ʻĀlapaʻulaʻula ʻeleʻele
19. Aia ke kuʻo ka pua albatross ma luna o kona ʻēheu, ʻaʻole e pili hou kona mau wāwae i ka ʻāina a hiki i ka manawa e hiki ai ke hoa, a hiki i kēia mau makahiki i hoʻokahi makahiki.
20. ʻAʻole aniani ke kala o ke albatrosses, ʻonaheʻe nā polana ʻulaʻula i nā hua liʻiliʻi, a ke keʻokeʻo ma nā mea nui. ʻO nā māhele pilikino o ke kino (poʻo, nā ʻēheu) i nā manu keʻokeʻo ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia i ka hina a ʻeleʻele paha. ʻ arelelo like nā manu o nā kāne like ʻole.
Tristan Albatross
21. He like nui ka Tristan albatross me ka albatross holoholo a ke manawa i manaʻo ʻia he subspecies kāna mau manawa. Eia naʻe, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka manu, a ʻoi aku ka eleele o ka pelalone.
22. Loaʻa i ka poʻe'ōpiopio ke ʻano maʻalahi i ka plumage keʻokeʻo, i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me kahi albatross helehele wale.
23. ʻO ka kahi noho o nā ʻano, ʻo ia ka Tristan da Cunha archipelago, kahi o kēia manawa i hoʻowalewale ʻia me ka hoʻopau ʻana.
24. He manu lōʻihi ʻo Albatross. Ke ola lōʻihi nei lākou i nā pae holoholona. Hiki ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia ko lākou ola me ka lōʻihi me ke kanaka, no ka mea ke ola pinepine nei lākou i kahi makahiki he 60 a keu paha.
25. Akā, ʻoiai naʻe, ua helu ʻia ka albatross ke keʻokeʻo i loko o ka Red Book o Rūsia, ua hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia ka luku ʻia ʻana o ka helu o kēia mau ʻano e ka make ʻana o nā manu e nā poachers no ka plumage nani o ke albatross.
26. ʻO Albatrosses he "kānaka" i hoʻopili ʻole ʻia i nā mea ʻē aʻe ma kahi i hānau ai lākou. Me kā lākou huakaʻi hele, ua uhi lākou i ka honua āpau. Hiki i kēia mau manu ke noho maluhia me ka ʻāina ʻole no nā mahina, a no ka hoʻomaha, hiki iā lākou ke noho i lalo o ka wai.
27. ʻO Albatrosses no ke kaina mai Procellariiformes, i ka manawa - Tubinares, ʻo ia hoʻi "tube-nosed".
28. Holo ka pihe i ka lōʻihi holoʻokoʻa o nā ʻalā nui nui a alakaʻi i ke ʻano o ke ʻano o ka ʻala, e ʻae ana i ka albatross e ʻike i nā ʻuʻuku a me nā meaʻai no nā mile he nui.
29. Ma kekahi mau kapu, he ʻāpana ʻelua a lākou: ʻae lākou i ka manu e hanu ma kahi hānopua a ʻū i ka paʻakai ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe.
30. E hoʻomau i kā lākou lāhui, e ʻānai nā manu i nā wahi i noho mua ai lākou iho. He hana pinepine kēia i kekahi: i kēlā me kēia 2-3 mau makahiki.
31. Ua koho ke ʻano o kēlā me kēia ʻohana o ka albatross i wahi no ka hānai ʻana i nā moa. ʻO ka pinepine ka ʻike o kēia mau wahi ma kahi kokoke o ka eku ʻulu.
32. hoʻāʻo lākou e kūkulu i nā nīnū nui, hiki iā lākou ke pili me nā ʻano o ke kai.
33. ʻAʻole maalea ka albatross i ka wā e kūkulu ʻia. ʻO kona ʻano kuʻi e like me ka hāpala o ka ʻāina lepo, ka ʻāina a me ka mauʻu me ke kaumaha, e kū pololei ana i nā pali a i ʻole ke kahakai.
34. Hiki i kēia manu e lawelawe i kumu hoʻohālike o ka monogamy: koho kēia mau manu i hoʻokahi hoa no ke ola. Pili nā kāne i nā makahiki e lilo i ʻohana ʻohana manu maoli me kāna mau ʻano aloha a me nā hōʻailona.
35. ʻoluʻolu loa nā hana a nā manu, hoʻomaʻemaʻe lākou i ka hulu o ka manu, mālama i kekahi i kekahi, cackle a ʻoka hou. Ma hope o hoʻokahi mau mahina o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana, lele hou ka lua o ka hui i ka wahi aloha a ʻike maopopo kekahi i kekahi.
36. Ke waiho nei kēia mau manu i hoʻokahi hua manu hoʻokahi. Huli lākou ia i ka wī. ʻO ke kaʻina o ka hatch i kēia mau manu kekahi o ka lōʻihi loa ma ka honua manu a kū i ke 80 lā. Hoʻololi pinepine nā mea paʻahana, a ke ʻalā ʻia nā hua, hāʻule nā manu ʻelua i ke kaumaha a ua nalo.
37. No ka malama mua, hānai pinepine nā kāne i kā lākou ʻōpio, a wela nā hoahana i ka huli. A laila hiki i nā mākua ke haʻalele i ka nisa o nā moa no kekahi mau lā, a waiho wale ʻia ka cub.
38. Noho ka pipi i loko o ka pūnana no kahi manawa o 270 mau lā, i ka manawa i ulu a hiki kona kino i ke keu o ke kanaka makua ka nui o ka manu ma nā ʻāpana.
39. Ua haʻalele piha ʻo Albatrosses i ka ʻāpana, a hoʻoneʻe ke kanaka ʻōpiopio e noho wale a waiho wale a hiki i kona hoʻololi ʻana i kāna palaheu keiki i ka pākeke a hoʻomaʻamaʻa i kona mau ʻēheʻe e lele lele. E hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻona ʻia i ke kahakai a i ʻole paha ka palena o ka wai.
40. Hoʻomaka ʻo Albatrosses no ka hāpai ʻana i ka makahiki 4-5, akā naʻe, male male lākou ma mua o 9-10 mau makahiki i ka makahiki.
41. ʻO ka papa albatross ka iʻa o ka iʻa, cumi, nā ʻeke, nā mollusks, a me nā papa plankton liʻiliʻi.
42. No ka lawaiʻa, hele pinepine ka albatrosses i ka pō, kāʻei iā ia i ka lewa a kāʻili iā ia mai ka ʻaoʻao o ka wai ma ka lele. Hiki nō i nā manu ke holo i ka hohonu o 12 mau mika.
43. Lē like ʻole nā ʻanoʻai like ʻole i nā meaʻai like ʻole. Eia kekahi, makemake kekahi mau albatrosses eʻimi i kahakai, ʻoiai ke hana ʻē nei kekahi.
44. E ʻimi ana ka albatross malolo wale no ka ʻai ʻana ma nā wahi i kahi hohonu o 1 kilomita. I ka wā hana o ka hoʻokalakupua, ʻimi pinepine nā kāne a me nā wahine i nā wahi like ʻole.
45. ʻAʻole i hōʻike ʻia ka moʻomeheu haiā wahine i ka albatrosses. ʻO nā ʻōpiopio wale nō ka ʻokoʻa i nā manu makua ma ke kala a i ʻole ke pala palule. I kekahi manawa aia i nā ʻeleʻele nā wahine ʻeleʻele e ʻike ʻia ma ke kaʻe o ka hulu keʻokeʻo ma nā ʻēheu.
46. ʻO Albatrosses ka nui loa o nā manu nui loa ma kā lākou ʻohana. I waho, he manu like kēia manu me he ʻano lālani. No laila, he kulu like nā albatross e like me ia - ʻiliʻili a lōʻihi ka lōʻihi i ke kihi. Eia naʻe, aia nā hiʻohiʻona nui loa.
47. Aia nā ʻōpū o ka manu ma nā ʻaoʻao o ka beak a e like me nā lōʻihi lōʻihi. ʻO kā lākou ʻano ʻo ia ke kumu no ke kaʻo a me ke ulu maikaʻi o ke ʻano o ke ʻano o nā albatrosses, kahi ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā manu.
48. Ma ka beak ma loko, ʻaʻohe mau kauā e kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i ka lāʻau.
49. ʻO ka wikiwiki holo kaʻa holo awelele o ke albatross he 50 km / h, ʻo ka nui o 80 km / h. Ke lele nei kekahi manu makua iā 800-1000 km i kēlā me kēia lā. A lele ka honua ma kahi o 46 lā.
50. I kekahi mau makahiki i hala aku nei, ua hoʻohana ʻia nā albatrosses ma ke ʻano he hua ʻala, momona, a me nā mea momona. Ua luku ʻia nā kānaka me nā pūnaewele a puni, a ua pana ʻia nā manu. Ua alakaʻi ʻia kēia mau mea i ka lā 19 mai 21 mau ʻano o nā albatrosses i kākau ʻia i loko o ka Red Red Book a ke pilikia nei i ka pau ʻole.
ʻŌnaehana a me ka ʻōwili
ʻO ka mea ʻike mua loa i nā manu mai nā albatross genus nona ka Middle Miocene ma kahi o 12-15 miliona mau makahiki i hala.
Nā ʻano ʻōpiopio (Olson, 1985, Haaramo, 2005)
- Dieriedea milleri (Miocene Middle, Sharktooth Hill a, ono paha, Middle Miocene, Oregon, USA)
- Diomedea sp. (Late Miocene, Valdes Peninsula (ʻAmelika), Antartika)
- Diomedea sp. (ʻ P Pliocene, ʻApelika Hema)
- Diomedea sp. (Early Pliocene, Florida, USA)
Albatross
1. ornithol. ke kai a ka moana o ke kumukūʻai petrol (Diomedea) approach Ke ʻike nei ka ala kuʻuna e nā ʻano ʻano e like me kēia: nā ʻano kikoʻī o ke ʻula keʻokeʻo e hopu nei i kahi nui o ke kai, nā hipa o nā gulls a albatross, nā kohola, nā pūnāwai, a me nā ʻohana kauʻau o ke kai Lākiko. Chekhov, Mokupuni o Sakhalin, 1893–1895
Ke hoʻokūkū maikaʻi ʻana i kahi palapala huaʻōlelo
Aloha! ʻO Lampobot koʻu inoa, he polokalamu kamepiula wau e kōkua ana e hana i kahi Palapala Huaʻōlelo. ʻIke wau pehea e helu ai, akā hiki ʻole iaʻu i maopopo ke ʻano o ka hana o ko ke ao nei. E kōkua mai iaʻu e noʻonoʻo mai!
Mahalo! E ʻike nō wau e hoʻokaʻawale i waena o nā hua ʻōlelo ākea ākea a me ke kiʻekiʻe.
Pehea ka maopopo o ke ʻano o ka ʻōlelo haʻalele(wahine):
