Dianema (keleawe)Dianema Longibavbus) ua hoʻoili ʻia ma ka basko o ka ʻāpana ʻo Mato Grosso. Ke kipa i ka lōʻihi 8-9 cm.
Hoʻopili ʻia ke kino, elongated, ʻōpū. Wahi a nā kūlana i loko o ka mea aku, ke hoʻololi ka kala mai ka brown brown i ke kani keleawe. ʻO nā peʻa he nui, hoʻomohala nui ʻia, ʻomo ʻia i kahi kala melemele. Ua uhi ʻia ke kino holoʻokoʻa i nā nui nui o nā wahi ʻeleʻele liʻiliʻi, aia i ka waena i loko o ke kino e hoʻohui i loko o kahi kaula pouri intermittent. He nui nā maka, ākea loa, ʻeleʻele ka iris. ʻO ka waha haʻahaʻa, ikaika ikaika e kolo ana, e hoʻopau me nā pakanikua ʻelua o ka antennae e pili ana i 3-3.5 cm lōʻihi. ʻO ka dianema ka lōʻihi i loaʻa nā pūnaehana nui i loaʻa i nā lālani 2, e hui pū ana i waenakonu o ke kino. ʻO ka ʻōpū o nā mea māmā, i ka manawa hoʻaloli, e loaʻa kahi kala ʻulaʻula. E like me nā ʻelele āpau o ka ʻohana cat-catfish, e kū kekahi i ka nui o ka wai i ka wai me ka hau i ka ea. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona o ka ʻano ʻano no ka hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale i ka neʻe me ka hoʻōla ʻole i ka wai wai, a laila e hoʻomau i kahi neʻe hou aku. Hiki ke mālama ʻia iā lākou me nā liʻiliʻi o nā mea kanu a me nā ʻano iʻa liʻiliʻi like ʻole. ʻO ka mahalo i ka meaʻai, he mau mea ʻole ka dianemes, ʻoluʻolu ke ʻai aku i nā mea ola a me nā ʻano maloʻo, akā makemake lākou i nā kahe koko, e maʻalahi i ka lawehala. No ka mālamaʻana a me ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana e hoʻohana i ka paʻakikī o ka wai a hiki i ka 18 °, pH 6.8-7.2 a me kahi mahana o 23-27 ° C.
Hoʻokomo ʻia ka spawning e ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ka wai i loko o ka hale aku, kahi hoʻohui nui o ka wai wai, a me kahi kahe ʻana o ka pehu ʻana o ka ea. Kūkulu ke kāne i kahi pā liʻiliʻi ma lalo o kahi papa e nee ai a i ʻole ʻāpana o ka polystyrene foam, kahi e kohu ai ka wahine i ka nui o ka melemele 150-250. Ke ulu nei nā hua, hoʻololi lākou i ko lākou kala i ka hina hina. ʻIke ʻia nā kuʻina o nā spawning i ka wā i hoʻopili ʻia ai ka caviar i ka haʻahaʻa o ka spawning. ʻO ka hānai ʻana i ka palaoa he like me nā manu ʻē. Pono ia i nā hebedoma mua, ma mua o ke ʻano o ka hiki o ke aniani e hoʻopau i ka ea hau, e nānā i ka maikaʻi o ka wai. Ua hala ʻo Bronze Dianema i ka makahiki hoʻokahi.
Dianema loa-barked (keleawe) = Dianema longibarbis Cope, 1872
Hana ʻia ʻo ʻAmelika lōʻihi ka lōʻihi i ka lōʻihi a me ke keleawe. Aia ʻia kona kaohi ʻia e ka muliwai Mato Grosso, e kahe ana ma Brazil.
ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino o ka laulema he lōʻihi lōʻihi a hiki i 9 cm.ʻawa ke kino i ka ʻōhaka, ikaika elongated, i mua o ke kime me ka puʻu ʻōmaʻomaʻo cone. ʻO ka waha haʻahaʻa, me nā lehelehe maikaʻi i hoʻomohala ʻia a ʻōlelo ʻia e ʻelua mau kihi lōʻihi. Hoʻohui ʻia nā pua maikaʻi i kālai ʻia i ke kala melemele. Kahu kino ke kino mai ke aniani a ke keleawe. ʻO nā wahi ʻeleʻele liʻiliʻi e hūnā i ka pehu o ke kino e hana i kahi laina i makaʻi ʻia. ʻO nā maka nui me ka iris ʻalani, a hāleʻa loa.
I uhi ʻia ke kino me nā unahi nui e like me nā kaila a hoʻonohonoho ʻia i nā lālani ʻelua. He ʻāpana māmā ka ʻōpū, akā i ka ʻoliʻoli, e hoʻomaʻamaʻa wale ana a lilo i ʻulaʻula.
He nāwaliwali ka male ʻana. Mālama wale nō ka manawa hana ʻoi aku ka male o ke kāne ma mua o ka wahine i mākaukau no ka spawning.
No ka mālamaʻana i ka dianema lōʻihi, ʻoi aku kahi hāmeʻa me kahi nui o 50 lita kūpono. Hiki ke kanu ʻia nā mea kanu me nā mea kanu like ʻole, me ka ʻike ʻole ʻia o nā ʻano ʻano aniani me nā lau ʻāpana. Pono nā pā hale i ka loko aku, a me nā wahi e hiki ai i ka iʻa ke manu ʻole. Nā ʻona kūloko wai no ka ʻikepili: paʻakikī a hiki i ka 18 °, pH e pili ana i 7.0, wela 23-27 ° С. E koi ʻia ka kānana a me ke aʻi, me ka loli o kahi pule he 30% o ka nui o ka wai.
Dianema lōʻihi ʻoi - kekahi ʻano maluhia, e alakaʻi ana i kahi ʻohana o ke ola. He mea kupaianaha nō ia i ka wā ʻauʻau ʻana, ke hoʻokaʻawale pinepine nei ka dianema lōʻihi i ka wahi, a laila maʻa mau ʻia e like me ka mea ʻaʻohe mea.
E hānai i nā dianema lōʻihi lōʻihi e like me ka nui o ka hana mana a me ka hānai.
No ka hoʻoulu ʻana i kahi dianema lōʻihi, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka aquarium e pili ana i 60 lita. Kuhi ʻia ka spawning e hoʻoulu ʻia e ka hoʻemi ʻana i ka pehu o ka hau, a me ke hoʻonui hou ʻana a me ka loli o kēlā me kēia lā a hiki i 50% o ka wai. Mālama lua. I ka wā spawning, ka wahine wahine e kuʻi i nā ʻāpana ākea e hoʻomālamalama ana ma luna o ka wai, i hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia me ka pālima kūpono a i ʻole ka palaka palaki. Pono e hōʻemi ʻia ka mahana o ka loko aku i ka wai o 2-4 ° C. Hoʻokumu ʻia ʻo Caviar i loko o nā hola 70-120. ʻO ka meaʻai Starter no ke kō: zooplankton, micro-feed, hui pū ʻia.
Kāleka
Hoʻopau ka lōʻihi o Dianem i kahi lōʻihi o 10 cm. ʻO ke kala nui mai ka beige mālamalama a ʻulaʻula. Nui nā wahi pōkole ma ke kino e hana ana i ka laina lōʻihi ma waena o ke kino a me nā laina transverse e hoʻohuli ana mai ia ia ma ke kihi. Hōʻalo nā fins, ʻulaʻula, a ʻeleʻele nā hihi. ʻAʻole maopopo ke ʻano dimorphism o ka wahine, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā ʻāpana he nui o nā māla pectoral, ʻoi aku lākou ma mua o nā wahine.
Mea ʻai
Ke nānā ʻole nei ʻo Bronze Dianema i ka meaʻai, ʻae i ka hapanui o nā ʻano kaulana loa o ka maloʻo, ua maloʻo a me ka ʻai. ʻO kahi kūlana koʻikoʻi, pono lākou e ʻeha e ka maluhia, akā ʻo ka manawa, hiki i nā iʻa pākeke ke ʻai i ka papa.
ʻOi aku ka nui o nā mea hoʻonaʻauao 100 i lawa no ka liʻiliʻi o nā iʻa. Hoʻohana ka hoʻolālā i kahi palala palepa palalulu, pihi a me nā mea kanu mokulele, nā mea pākēmi i loko o ke ʻano o nā ʻōpū, nā aʻa a i nā lālā lāʻau a i ʻole nā mea hoʻonani. ʻO nā kūlana wai kūpono ʻoi aku ka waiwai o nā pH acidic ma luna o kahi ākea ākea. ʻO ka pinepine ka lawa no ka pale ʻana i ka wai no kahi lā a ninini ia.
Ma keʻano holoʻokoʻa, ʻaʻole ʻino loa ka iʻa a hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi, no laila, i mālama ʻia me nā iʻa ʻē aʻe, ua hoʻonohonoho mua nā kūlana ola no lākou.
Hoʻemi ʻia ka mālama ʻana i ka pākuhi me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe maʻamau i ka lepo mai ka lepo o ka palulu a me ka hoʻokaʻina pule he hapa o ka hapa o ka wai (10-15% o ka nui) me ka hou.
ʻAno e hoʻokū
ʻO nā iʻa ʻoluʻolu maluhia e palekana wale no ka mea liʻiliʻi o nā mea a me nā mea aku. Hele maikaʻi a me nā luna o nā mōliona Amazonian, e like me tetras, ciclids ʻAmelika Hema, nā alaka a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. ʻAʻole i ʻike ʻia nā hakakā kuhihewa i hiki ke mālama ʻia ʻelua a me kahi hui. He mea kūpono ia no ke ʻano o nā kamaʻāina he ʻano ikaika hou hoʻi.
Kamaipono / hānai
Mahele nui ka hānau ʻana ma ka home, akā hiki nō. ʻO ka paʻakikī nui e hoʻohālikelike i nā kūlana kūlohelohe, nā ʻu a loko me ka hoʻomaka o ka ua i ke kauwela. Eia nō naʻe, i ka hiʻohiʻona o ʻAmelika Hema, ua hāʻule ka manawa kauwela ma nā mahina he nui, ʻo Iune kēia - ʻAukake ma ka ʻākau o ka eka, a ʻo Dekemapa - ʻo Fepuari hoʻi ma ke kūkulu hema o ka moʻo. Hoʻopili kokoke i ka iʻa me kona mau hoahānau aloha, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻo ka lua, ka hapakolu a ʻehā paha i kiʻi ʻia i ka hoʻo pio ʻana, ʻoi aku ka hopohopo o nā kūlana o waho.
ʻO nā ʻōkuhi ākea no ka hānai ʻana i ka lōʻihi o Dianema ka hoʻololi maikaʻi ʻana i ka kūlana o ka wai ma o ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka wai anu anu ʻoi loa no nā lā he nui a me ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka meaʻai ola i ka meaʻai. Hoʻomaʻahaʻa ka mahana i ke 23-24 ° C a mālama mau a hiki i ka pau ʻana o ka pae ʻana.
ʻO ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka wā moena e hiki ke hoʻoholo e ka ʻōpū nui i hoʻonui ʻia - ʻo ia kēia wahine, ʻāmū mai ka bipi keiki. No laila pono ʻoe e manaʻo i ka hele, e kiaʻi ponoʻī i ka aku, a ke puka mai nā hua, e hoʻokomo koke iā lākou i loko o kahi pūnaʻi like me nā kūlana like ʻole o lākou e lilo i ka ʻai no nā iʻa a me kā lākou mau mākua.
Nā maʻi ʻona
ʻO ke kumu nui loa o nā maʻi kūpono ʻole nā kūlana kūpono ʻole a me ka maikaʻi maikaʻi o ka meaʻai. Inā ʻike ʻia nā hōʻailona mua, pono ʻoe e nānā i nā ʻokoʻa wai a me ka loaʻa ʻana o nā kikowaena kiʻekiʻe o nā mea ʻona (ammonia, nitrites, nitrates, etc.), inā pono, hoʻihoʻi hou i nā hōʻailona ma ka maʻamau a laila e hoʻomau ʻia me ka mālama ʻana. No ka ʻike hou aku e pili ana i ka hōʻailona a me ka mālama ʻana, e ʻike i ka maʻa ʻo Aquarium Fish Diseases.
Nā kūlana o ka paʻa
Kūkulu ʻia ma nā pūʻulu i nā aquariums ākea. Hiki ke mālama ʻia i loko o ka pākana maʻamau me nā pale a me nā makika i hoʻokumu ʻia i nā wahi twilight. Paona wai: wela 22–28 ° C, ka paakiki 5-20 ° dH, pH 67.5.
ʻO nā lei lei lōʻihi lōʻihi ka iʻa me ka lau i ka malu, e mālama pinepine ʻia i nā pūʻulu i nā ʻaoʻao o lalo o ka wai. I ka huli ʻana i ka meaʻai, hoʻouluʻi lākou i ka ʻāina, hiki iā lākou ke kanu i ka lāʻau ma laila me ka makaʻu. ʻO ke ʻano kūlohelohe, pili pinepine ʻo ia i kekahi mau pili - nā leiema i ulana ʻia.Dianema urostriatum).
Meaʻai: ola, pani.
Dianema keleawe, leiema lōʻihi ka lōʻihi, dianema longibarbis (Dianema longibarbis)
Dianema keleawe, leiema lōʻihi ka lōʻihi, dianema longibarbis (Dianema longibarbis) noho i ka paʻu Amazon (Peru a me Brazil). Mālama ʻia ʻo ia i ke kahakai o ka nui o ka neʻe ʻana o ke ʻano o nā kahe a me nā loko o kahi pāheʻe i lalo.
He kino elongated ka dianema keleawe, kahi ana i ka caudal fin. Kālā ka ʻaoʻao hope i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka moni dorsal i kahi kuhi huki. Ma ke kino o ka dianema ʻelua mau lālani o nā papa o ka iwi, hoʻolako ʻia iā ia me ka palekana pono mai nā mea wānana. ʻ sharpleka ka ʻōlule, ʻelua o nā antennae. Aia kahi momona momona. ʻO ke kala nui o ke kino mai ke aniani nā mālamalama a ʻulaʻula me nā wahi ākea ākea e hana ana i kahi laina longitudinal ma waenakonu o ke kino, a me nā laina transverse e hoʻohuli ana mai ia ma ke kihi. Hōʻalo nā fins, ʻulaʻula, a ʻeleʻele nā hihi. I ka lōʻihi, ulu ka dianem keleawe i 8 cm.
ʻAʻole maopopo ke ʻano dimorphism o ka wahine, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā ʻāpana he nui o nā māla pectoral, ʻoi aku lākou ma mua o nā wahine.
ʻO Dianema ka iʻa keleawe a me nā iʻa kula. Hoʻohana ʻoua i ke ao a i ke kakahiaka. Mālama ʻia ia i nā ʻaoʻao o lalo a me waena o ka wai. I ka huli ʻana i ka meaʻai, hoʻoulu ikaika ia i ka lepo, me ka makaʻu e hiki ke kanu i kona poʻo i loko. Ua ʻoluʻolu ʻo ia ma ke kī ʻana o ka ea hau, no laila e kū pinepine i ka wai o ka wai.
Mālama ʻia ka Bradze dianema i loko o ka hale kai maʻamau mai 80 cm ka lōʻihi me ka lepo mai ke one a poepoe, nā ʻāpana kihi mai nā ʻōpū a me nā mākaukau o nā mea kanu e hana ana i nā wahi twilight. ʻO ke kānana, kahi hoʻonaninani a me ka hoʻololi o ka hebedoma a hiki i ka 20% o ka nui o ka wai e pono.
Hele maikaʻi me nā iʻa iʻa maluhia liʻiliʻi. No ka mālama i ka dianema keleawe, he aquari ka lōʻihi o ke anawaena o ka 80 cm kūpono, ma lalo o ke one a i hoʻopuni ʻia e like me ka lepo. Pono nā lālā o nā mea kanu akuʻa, e hoʻomohala ana i nā malu i nā wahi, a me nā ʻena mai nā snags a me nā pōhaku.
ʻAno ʻo Bronze Dianema i nā meaʻai ola a me nā mea i loaʻa. Mālama ka ʻai i nā papaha a pau o ka wai, mai nā maka aku. Hāʻawi ʻia nā meaʻai i ke pouri.
Hiki i ka spawning dianema hana ke hana i ka laulā nui a ma nā hale hoʻokaʻawale ʻē aʻe me ka nui o ka lita 50 aila paha. ʻO ka substrate kahi mea kanu lāʻau me nā lau ākea e kahe ana ma luna o ka poʻi a i ʻole kahi palaka paha (pepa palika) me ka diameter o 20 cm, paʻa i kekahi ala ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka wai. E kiko, pono ke kanu i kahi pūʻulu o nā iʻa me ke kō o ka wahine. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka spawning e ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka pehu o ka hau, kahi o ke emi ʻana o ka wai o ka wai ma o 2-4 ° C, ka hoʻohui o ka wai o ka wai me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka wai wai. Kūkulu ke kāne i kahi pūahi kīwī ma kahi i waiho ai ka wahine mai 150 a 600 mau hua melemele o 1.5 mm ka lōʻihi. Mālama ke kāne i nā hua a ʻaʻole ia e ʻae i nā iʻa ʻē aʻe e hana ai.
I kekahi manawa hoʻomaka ke kāne e ʻai i ka caviar, a laila maʻa ka substrate me ka caviar ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e hoʻoneʻe i kahi ipu kaʻawale. Hoʻomoe ka wā incubation i 5 mau lā. Ma hope o kekahi lā aʻe, hoʻomaka ke ʻōlapa a ʻai ʻana. Hoʻomaka ka hānai: nā artplios nauplii a me nā rotifers. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa loa nā lā mua o ka palaoa i ka hiki ʻana mai o nā kumumana i ka wai a me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, makemake ʻia lākou i ka hoʻouka pinepine ʻana e nā kukuna, nā mea e hiki ai i ka make i ka iʻa. Hiki ke pale i kēia i ka kānana ʻana i ka wai ma o ke kalapona i hoʻōla ʻia, ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka methylene blue (5 mg / L) a me ka mālama ʻana i kahi mahana mau (24-27 ° C). I ka wā lōʻihi, hiki ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka hopena o ka palaoa i ka hopena.
Ua hiki ke keleawe ʻo Bronze Dianema i ka wā kamaliʻi ma ka makahiki 1-1.5 mau makahiki.
Kāā ʻohana: Ka Pahu ʻAkole Līkia, a iʻa ʻUmi Callichthic
Ka Mua: Amazon River Basin (Peru a me Brazil)
Hoʻohui wai: 21-25
Ka hana: 6.0-7.5
ʻĀʻāwili: 5-20
Nā puka o ka noho: waena, i lalo
Dianema longibarbis
Nāhoʻehā lōʻihi a i ʻole dianema loaibarbis, a i ʻole keleawe keleawe - He iʻa aquarium kaulana. Noho ka loko iʻa ma ʻAmelika Hema i loko o nā kino wai me ka papa lōwali a me ka lalo pālolo. Mālama ʻia ia i loko o nā liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi i ke kūlohelohe, no laila pono pono e kūʻai i hoʻokahi iʻa a hoʻokahi hipa paha o 3-6 huʻa. No ka mea he ika hilahila ʻo ia, pono e hāʻawi ʻia nā mea ʻokoʻa no ka hoʻolālā ʻana o ka aku. No kahi holoholona momona, he aquas o 100 lita a iʻoi aku paha. Mālama ia ke ola a hui pū ʻia.
Mahele: ʻĀpana Hema o ʻAmelika Hema - Peru, Brazil (Amazon basin kī ʻauwa).
Hooulu: nā wai wai a me nā wai me ke kahe lō, nā kahawai o nā ululāʻau wahine a me nā ʻāpana me kahi ʻōpala. ʻO ka iʻa e pili pono i nā wahi i ʻike ʻia e nā mea kanu kai.
‘:Lelo: kino ʻaʻa, ʻūlū, a me ke aniani i ka hope caudal. Hōʻea nā ʻūpī i nā pālua ʻelua o ka antennae lōʻihi i hala. ʻO ka maka me kahi iris ʻalaʻula, nui, kelepona. Kūʻē ke laina i ka hope dorsal, a iho i lalo i ka caudal i ke kiko pololei. Aia kahi momona momona. Ma waena o ka pauku adipose a me ka dorsal, ʻehā mau pōmaikaʻi bony - nā papa. Eia nō hoʻi, aia nā ʻano o waho i ke ʻano o ke kino. ʻO nā lua caudal i hōʻino ʻia. Hoʻāla ʻo Dianema i ka moni ʻana o ka ea hau, no laila e kū mau i ka papa o ka wai.
ʻAno: mai ka papau aku ma ka ʻulaʻula. Nui ʻia nā wahiʻeleʻele he lehulehu i ke kino, ka puka ʻana kahi laina lōʻihi ma waenakonu o ke kino a me nā laina transverse e kū ana mai ia manawa ma kahi kihi. Hōʻalo nā fins, ʻulaʻula, a ʻeleʻele nā hihi. He māmā ka ʻōpū, me ka pīhoihoi i ke ʻano heʻe ʻula.
LOL: a hiki i 7-10 cm.
ʻO ke ola ola: a hiki i 5-8 mau makahiki.
ʻŌpio
Akuarium: ʻano ʻano a i ʻole ka maʻamau.
Nā ʻāpana: lohi mai 50-100 l a me ka lōʻihi o 80-120 cm no kahi ʻohana hanohano.
Wai: dH 2-20 °, pH 67.5, ka kānana ikaika, hoʻololi ka hebedoma e 20-30% o ka wai.
ʻOhi: 22-25 ° C.
Mālamalama: nāwaliwali, nāwaliwali.
Eleele: one ʻaʻa.
Nā lāʻau: nā pua o nā mea kanu me nā lau lōʻihi e hele i ka wai o ka wai a hana i kahi pale. No ka ʻohi loa o ka iʻa i ka lepo, ua ʻōlelo ʻia e kanu i nā mea kanu i loko o nā pā hao, e hoʻopuni ana iā lākou a puni ka lula o ka aquarium.
Hoʻolālā: driftwood, nā pōhaku, nā ana, nā grottoes, nā ʻōpio, nā paipu PVC a me nā wahi ʻē aʻe.
Mea hānai: ola a ʻo nā hui hoʻopili i lawe ʻia i loko o nā ʻuina. Hāʻawi ʻia nā meaʻai i ke pouri.
ʻAno: i ka hana maoli i mālama ʻia i nā hui liʻiliʻi. I nā mea kanu, hiki iā ʻoe ke mālama iā lākou a i ʻole me nā ʻohana o ka iʻa 3-6. I ka huli ʻana o ka meaʻai, ua hoʻoulu ʻia ka lepo aquarium. Hoʻohana ʻia ka iʻa i ke ao a i ke kakahiaka.
Pūkuhi: maluhia, malu. Ke hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻo ia i ka aquarium, hoʻomaka ka iʻa a lele i loko o ka lepo.
Wā wai: ka hapa waena a me lalo o ka wai.
E noho ana me: nā iʻa maluhia (nā ipu liʻiliʻi a me nā kīʻaha liʻiliʻi, cichlids dwarf, corridors, caticaria catfish).
ʻAʻole hiki ke kau ʻia me: iʻa nui a paʻakikī.
ʻO ka lawaiʻa ʻana: i nā aquariums i manaʻo ʻia he paʻakikī. Holo ka honu manu (4-6 iʻa me ka nui o nā wahine) i loko o ka pākana nui a i kahi māla manawaleʻa.
Akā inā ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻohālikelike i ka iʻa i loko o ka hale konikini maʻamau, ua hāʻawi ʻia iā lākou he mau "maloʻo" a "wet". I ka hoʻomaka o ka "wā maloʻo" hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka wai o ka wai, e hoʻāla i ka mahana i 28 ° C, e kaupalena i ka iʻa i loko o ka hānai no kekahi mau hebedoma. Hiki iā ʻoe ke wehe i ka kānana a hoʻonui iki i ka paakiki o ka wai. ʻO ka hoʻonui nui o nā pūhui organik a i hoʻokuʻu ʻia i ka paʻakai i ka wai e pili ana me ka manawa "maloʻo" ma ka nahele.Ma hope o kekahi mau pule, hoʻomaka ka wai wai e hoʻonui (e hana ana i nā loli i ka 30-50% o ka wai), e hoʻohana ana i ka wai maʻemaʻe (2-4 ° C ka haʻahaʻa ma lalo o ka aquarium) a me ka iʻa ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka iʻa. Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi kānana ma ka aquarium, a inā ua lilo ka wai, ua hana ʻia nā mea hou me ka palupalu (ʻoi aku ʻia e hoʻohana i ka wai i loaʻa ma ka pūpū o ka rehe o nā osmosis ʻōnaehana) wai. ʻO ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o ka ea me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa i nā kaʻe. Pākuʻi aku ʻo ia i loko o ka wai me ka nui o 60 l, nā mea kanu lāʻau me nā lau ākea (no ka laʻana, nymphaeum) e kahe ana ma luna o ka wai, a i ʻole ʻāpana kirina paha me ka diameter o 20 cm, paʻa i kekahi ala ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka wai. Ma lalo o nā lau, kūkulu ka kāne i kahi ʻōpala o ka foam, a laila mālama pono i nā hua a ʻaʻole e ʻae i nā iʻa ʻē aʻe e pūlehu.
Hoʻolaha kūlike: ʻoi aku ka nui o nā ʻāpana o ke kāne pectoral, ʻoi aku ka leʻa ma mua o ka wahine (ʻoi aku kona ʻōpū).
Puberty: aia ma ka makahiki 1-1.5 mau makahiki.
Ka helu o nā caviar: 150-600 hua melemele keʻokeʻo me ka diameter o 1.5 mm.
Ka manawa hoʻohālikelike: 4-5 lā.
Nā Kūlana: i nā lā mua o ke ola, ua nānā koʻikoʻi ka dianemia i ka paʻa ʻana o nā mea i loko o ka wai i loko o ka wai. No laila e hala ke aniani o ka caviar, e hoʻohuli ʻia i ka incubator, i loko o ka wai i hoʻokomo ʻia ai ke aniani methylene (5 mg / l), a mālama mau ʻia kahi mālama (24-27 ° C). ʻO ka lawaiʻa Fry ma ka lua o ka lā. Paila wai no ka mea kanu e ulu ana: pH 7, dH 8-10 °, dKH a hiki i 2 °, kānana ma o carbon hoʻoneʻe, hoʻololi pinepine ʻia a hiki i 40-50% o ka nui o ka wai.
Pākuʻi ʻana i nā ʻōpū: nā mea hoʻomaka - artemia, rotifers.
Haʻalele mai nā mākua: ma hope o ka hakilahi, kanu ʻia ka wahine, kanu ʻia ke kāne ke hoʻomaka ka uaka mai ka ʻōpū.
Nā Manaʻo: i ka wā ʻauʻau, e hoʻokaʻawale pinepine nā dianema i ka lōʻihi i kahi e kau ai.
DIANEMA BRONZE a i ʻole DIANEMA LONGIBARBIS (Dianema longibarbis)
Loaʻa i ka iʻa kahi elongated kino iki. Kuhi ʻia ke poʻo. Puni ka waha a ʻelua he mau pōpoki liʻiliʻi ʻelua. Hiki ke kala o ka iʻa mai ka beige mālamalama a ʻulaʻula. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia ke kino holoʻokoʻa me nā helu he nui o nā wahiʻeleʻele, e hana ana i ka laina lōʻihi ma ka ʻaoʻao waena o ke kino a me nā laina transverse e holo mai ana mai kahi kikoʻī. He māmā ka Abdomen. I ka wā mua ma mua o ka lohi a i ka hauʻoli, komo ka ʻōpū a loaʻa iā ia kahi kala. Kūpono nā palaʻai āpau. He ʻoi aku ka males a ʻo nā wahine ma mua o nā wahine, ua lōʻihi nā leka o nā pūla pectoral. Ma ke kino o ka iʻa aia ʻelua mau lālani o nā papa o nā iwi iwi, ka mea e lilo ai i mea hana mai ke kaua ʻana i ka poʻe hōʻeuʻeu. Ma lalo o nā kūlana aku aku, ua ulu ka dianema longibarbis i 8-9 cm ka lōʻihi.
Dianema keleawe maluhia, he kula iʻa. E alakaʻi ana ka iʻa i kahi ola ikaika ma ke ahiahi a me ke ao. ʻO ka lawaiʻa iʻa i ka nui o ka wai o ka loko aku. Hoʻohālikelike ka Dianemas i ka lepo i ka wā e hānai ai, a inā he makaʻu ka hiki ke ʻeli ʻē i loko. Pono e nānā i kēia i nā wā kanu i nā mea kanu i kanu ʻia i loko o nā kōpena pālolo. Hiki ke mālama ʻia nā iʻa i nā ʻano a me ka loko i ka aquarium laulā me nā iʻa aloha maluhia o ka nui hoʻohālikelike. Ma muli o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka iʻa i ka lewa hau, e holo mau ana lākou ma luna o ka wai o ka wai e ʻoka i kahi oxygen.
No ka mālama i ka dianema Longibarbis, pono ʻoe i ka lāʻau kaiāulu me ka lōʻihi o 80 cm. E ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e hoʻohana i ke one a i ʻole ka lepo lepo maikaʻi e like me ka lepo. ʻAʻole pono i ka ʻāina nā maka i hōʻino ʻole iʻa ka waha a me ke kino, ʻili a me ka ʻalī i loko. Pono ke kanu ʻia o ka hale kanu me ka lāʻau me nā lau lōʻihi i hiki i ka wai o ka wai a hana i kahi aniani. Ma ka ʻaoʻao lalo loa, e kuhikuhi ʻia e waiho i nā ʻona nui a me nā pale mai nā pōhaku a me nā mākaʻi, kahi a ka iʻa e peʻe ai.
Pono e hoʻohālikelike i nā ʻōnaehana wai: i ke kauwela 22-26 ° C, ka paʻakikī dH 2-20 °, acidity pH 6.2-7.5. Pono ka hoʻouluulu o ka aquarium i kahi kānana wai kiʻekiʻe. Pono ke ʻano o ka hopena pule? hapa ʻāpana o ka wai akuia.
Hoʻokomo ʻia nā iʻa i nā ʻano o ke ola a me nā mea hoʻohui like. Manaʻo ia e hānai i ka pōʻeleʻele, a laila hoʻowahāwahā ka iʻa a hōʻemi i ka lepo.
Ua hiki ke Bronze Dianem i kona ulu ʻana i nā makahiki he 1-1.5 mau makahiki.
No ka spawning, kahi hale aku me ka nui o 50 lita a ʻoi aku paha (no hoʻokahi ʻaʻa iʻa) e kūpono. Ma ka kikowaena o ka aku o ka mea kanu, ua kanu ʻia kahi māla nui o nā mea kanu me nā lau lōʻihi e kolo ana i ka wai o ka wai a maʻa ʻia ma luna. Ma ke kānāwai, ma ke alo o nā kūlana kūpono, hiki ke hele i ka spawning i ka aquarium laulā. Pono nā ʻāpana o ka wai i nā kumu māʻalo e like me nā kaulike like me ka mālama ʻana i ka iʻa maʻamau. E kiko, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka lawe ʻana i kā 5 mau iʻa me ka predominance o nā wahine.
ʻO ka hoʻolaluhi ʻana i ka spawning he hoʻoemi i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ka hau, ʻo ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka 1/3 o ka wai wai, a me kahi hoʻohaʻahaʻa hoʻi i kona pae. Ma mua o ka spawning, kūkulu i ke kāne i kahi ʻōpala palu ma hope o ka lau o ka mea kanu, ma hope o ka huki ʻana o ka wahine i kahi 200-600 mau huaʻai ma laila. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia kekahi mau manawa i ka wahine e ʻokiʻoki i nā hua ma kahi mea e kokoke ana i ka pūnana. Ma hope o ke kīloi, hoʻopau ʻia ka wahine, a waiho ʻia ke kāne e mālama i nā hua.
Pono ʻoe e ʻike i ka pīhoihoi o ka Longibarbis dianema mea i pale loa ʻia i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā ʻano wai ʻona i ka wai, a me ka loli pinepine ʻana o ka pā. No laila, he mea kūpono e hoʻohui i ka methylene uliuli ma kahi pānaʻi o 5 mg / l i ka wai a ʻaʻole ia e hāʻawi i ka mahana o ka wai ma mua o 24-27 ° C.
Loaʻa ka ola ola o nā dianema keleawe ma nā kūlana aku aku no ka 5-8 mau makahiki.
Lāʻī lōʻihi a i ʻole ʻo Dianem a i ʻole ʻo Bronze Dianem
Tagu inoa. Dianema Dianema
Dianema longibarbis (Long-barked, or Bronze Dianema)
Dianema urostriatum (Kauhane Dianema)
Ka 'ohana. Kāhea ʻia ʻo Callichtov, a iʻa mau iʻa a i ʻole ʻalani a kāhea (callichthyidae).
pH: 6,8 — 7,2 / 6.0 — 7,2
dH: 5 — 18° / 17 — 20°
Hoʻohui wai: 23 - 27 ° C / 20 - 28 ° C
Akuʻenehana Volume: oi ma mua o 100 no ka hipa o 5-6 ʻāpana
Hoʻaiho lele dianem loko wai hao kai ma Peru a me Brazil. ʻOi aku ka makemake o nā kahawai o ka wai o ka wai me ka wai, a me nā loko a me nā loko i lalo o nā ʻaluna, kahi e hāʻule ai ka malu o nā mea kanu. Hoʻokomo pū ka genus "Dianema" i nā mea āpau ʻelua mau ʻano: Dianema longibarbis (lōʻihi meme a i ʻole nā momi keleema) a me Dianema urostriatum (kahiʻano leiema.. ^ E Ha yM. Eia kekahi, inā maʻamau ka lōʻihi i kapaʻia ma kahi o Mato Grosso r. ʻOi ka Amazonian, a laila ʻoi keʻa dianema, ʻoi aku ka maʻamau o nā wai o kona halihali hema hema, ʻo ka Rio Negro.
Ma ka hana kūlohelohe, lawe ʻia ka manamanahele ma nā lau ākea nui o nā mea kanu. Ke hānai nei i ka pākiki ʻo ia no kēia mau mea, hoʻohana pinepine i nā papa pepa i kūkulu ʻia i mua o ka wai a i ʻole paha i ka lemphaea. Hoʻokumu nā Males i nā ʻuʻupu me ka mālama pono i nā hua manu, e mālama i nā iʻa ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka mea e hoʻomaka ai e hoʻomaka i ka spawning e lilo i ka emi ʻana o ka nui o ka wai i loko o ka loko aku a me ka hoʻohui i kahi nui o ka wai wai, a me ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana hoʻi i ka hoʻonaʻauao kō.
Dianema waʻahele lōʻihi (keleawe) - Dianema longibarbis (Cope, 1872) - He wahi māiʻe kona ʻōpū a hiki i 9 cm ka nui (kiʻi ʻia ma luna). Wahi a nā kūlana o ka paʻa, ke ʻokoʻa ka ʻokoʻa i ka beige kukui a i ke keleawe. Loaʻa i nā palahala melemele nui a maikaʻi loa. Aia kahi momona momona. Hili ʻia ke kino me nā wahi ʻeleʻele he nui i hoʻohui ʻia i waenakonu o ke kino, i hana ʻia i ke kaula ʻeleʻele intermittent. ʻO nā maka nui a ʻōhulu hoʻi i ka kala. ʻO ka waha haʻahaʻa, ikaika kuhikuhi i mua a hoʻopau i nā pakanikua ʻelua o ka antennae a hiki i 3,5 cm lōʻihi, me kahi pākahi e kuhikuhi ana i lalo, ʻo ka lua ka pona. Nui nā pākahi, ma ke kino i hoʻokumu ʻia i ʻelua mau lālani, like ʻole nā kihi like vaguely. Ma ka waena i waena o lākou i hui pū ai, ʻo ia ka mea i ʻike nui ʻia. He māmā ka ʻōpū, i ka wā e hauʻoli ai ka iʻa, lilo i ʻulaʻulaʻula. He ʻoi aku ka males o nā males ma mua o nā wahine, ʻoi aku nā lālani elongated o nā pua pectoral. I nā kāne pākeke, kokoke pololei ka laina o ka ʻōpū.
Bronze Dianema, dianema longibarbis
No ka mālama ʻana i ka iʻa, pono ʻoe i ka mea hoʻonaʻauao ma lalo o 80 cm, pono ʻoe e mālama iā lākou i loko o ka ʻohana. ʻAi ʻia nā ʻike i loko o kahi kīwī maʻamau me nā ʻano like ʻole o ka iʻa aloha aloha ʻokoʻa. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona ka hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale i ka neʻe me ka ʻole o ka pahu i ka wai wai, a ma hope o kekahi mau manawa e hoʻomau mau ʻia ana nā mea i nā koʻi i ka aquarium. Pono nā pale a me nā kihi e pale ʻia, i kekahi manawa ke huli i ka pō. Pāʻai wai pīpī, palupalu, medium paʻakikī.
Māhina ka ʻohana o ke kalapona i ka lewa hau a i ʻole nā mea ʻē aʻe i ʻokoʻa ʻole, ua holo pinepine lākou i ka ʻenehana o ka iʻa me ka wai o ka oxygen. Pono e hoʻonaʻauao a me ka hoʻopila wai kūpono. Pono ʻia kahi loli o ka pule he of kekona o ka hale o ka aquarium. Pono ka lepo i ka palupalu (one a gravel ground gravel), no ka mea e mālama ana i ka ʻakiko, makaʻu ka iʻa a hoʻāʻo e ʻalī i loko. Eia kekahi, hoʻowalewale ka iʻa i ka lepo i ka wā e hānai. ʻO ka hānai ʻana i ke ola a hoʻohui ʻia. ʻOluʻolu i ka pōʻeleʻele.
Dianema urostriata (Ribeiro, 1912) he pūpū lākou me ka ona spindle 10-12 cm ka lōʻihi, e hoʻopau me kahi alaula nui (ma ke kiʻi ma lalo). Aia ma ka lobe ka mānoanoaʻeleʻele e kūhā i ka lāʻau o ka huelo. Ma nāʻaoʻao ʻelua i hala, ʻelua mau ʻāpana keʻokeʻo a ʻeleʻele. Aia lākou ma ka pona pae. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā pōpoki i koena i ke kani o ke kino - ka ʻulaʻula brownish-sand. ʻO ka dianost urostriate he 4 movable antennae e kū ana ma luna o nā lehelehe a me nā kihi o ka waha. ʻO ka lōʻihi loa o ka antennae he 1/3 o ka nui o ke kino. Nui nā maka, kelepona. ʻO ka ʻōpū o nā wahine i piha ma mua o nā kāne. Ke maluhia ke ʻano o ka iʻa, hipa. Hele maikaʻi ʻo ia ma kahi o ka hale hoʻonaʻauao maʻamau me nā luna o nā characinids a me nā cyprinids. Hoomau lākou i ka neʻe ʻana, ka manaʻo me ko lākou antennae i nā kihi ʻihi loa o ka ʻikena me ka pohō i ka lepo. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka momona o ka leiema i ka lāʻī o ke keleawe. ʻO nā kūlana i loko o ka hale aku ka mea like me ka dianema keleawe.
Striped-tailed Dianema, dianema urostriatum
ʻO keʻano
ʻO Dianema longibarbis e pili ana i ka ʻohana iʻa i ka iʻa, i ke kino elongated, e ʻuʻuku ana i ka hope caudal. ʻO ka laina i hope i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka moni dorsal i hoʻokumu i kahi kuhi huki. Aia nā kukuna ʻelua o nā papa o ke iwi ma ke kino o ka dianema, ka mea e hāʻawi ai i ka iʻa me ka palekana kūpono mai nā ʻenemi. Kuhi ʻia ka ʻōlule, ʻelua o nā antennae.
Aia kahi momona momona. ʻO ke kala kumu o ke kino mai ke kukui beige a ʻulaʻula me nā kikowaena ʻeleʻele e hana i kahi kaula longitudinal i waenakonu o ke kino. Ke neʻe nei nā laina kahuli mai kēia kaula ma kahi kihi. He ʻalaʻulaʻula ka palahala, ʻōwili, pololi nā pale o lākou. ʻOi aku ka lōʻihi o ka kāne ma mua o ka wahine, ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o nā hihi o nā pectoral fins ma mua o ka wahine. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino o ka dianema Longibarbis a hiki i 9 cm.
ʻO Dianema longibarbis he iʻa maluhia a me ke kula. Hoʻohui like ia i ka ao a i ke kakahiaka. E makemake e noho i ka papa o ka wai lalo a me waena. Hoʻopū ka wā i ka lepo, a i ka weliweli, hiki iā ia ke puʻu i loko me kona poʻo. Pono e mālama ʻia nā Longibarbis dianema i loko o ka hale kai maʻamau 80 cm a ʻoi aku paha ka lōʻihi, ka lepo mai ke one, i nui ka hale o nā keʻena, nā mea kanu nui e hana ana i nā wahi malū. Pono ka wai i ka hoʻōla, kānana, hoʻololi a hiki i ka 1/5 o ka nui o ka wai i hoʻokahi pule. Pono ke hānai iā Longibarbis i nā meaʻai ola a me nā mea hoʻohālike.
Wai no ka malama: 22–26 ° С, dH 5-20 °, pH 6.0–7.5.
ʻAno hānau
Ua hiki ke Bronze Dianem i kona ulu ʻana i nā makahiki he 1-1.5 mau makahiki.
ʻO kahi pahu aku me kahi nui o 50 lita a ʻoi aku paha (no hoʻokahi pāʻaʻa iʻa) kūpono e like me ka spawning. Ma ka kikowaena o ka aku o ka mea kanu, ua kanu ʻia kahi māla nui o nā mea kanu me nā lau lōʻihi e kolo ana i ka wai o ka wai a maʻa ʻia ma luna. Ma ke kānāwai, ma ke alo o nā kūlana kūpono, hiki ke hele i ka spawning i ka aquarium laulā. Pono nā ʻāpana o ka wai i nā kumu māʻalo e like me nā kaulike like me ka mālama ʻana i ka iʻa maʻamau. E kiko, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka lawe ʻana i kā 5 mau iʻa me ka predominance o nā wahine.
ʻO ka hoʻolaluhi ʻana i ka spawning he hoʻoemi i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ka hau, ʻo ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka 1/3 o ka wai wai, a me kahi hoʻohaʻahaʻa hoʻi i kona pae. Ma mua o ka spawning, kūkulu i ke kāne i kahi ʻōpala palu ma hope o ka lau o ka mea kanu, ma hope o ka huki ʻana o ka wahine i kahi 200-600 mau huaʻai ma laila. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia kekahi mau manawa i ka wahine e ʻokiʻoki i nā hua ma kahi mea e kokoke ana i ka pūnana. Ma hope o ke kīloi, hoʻopau ʻia ka wahine, a waiho ʻia ke kāne e mālama i nā hua.
Hoʻopili ʻia ʻo Caviar no 4-5 mau lā, a ma hope o kekahi lā e hoʻomaka ai ke kau a a ʻai. Aia ke kiʻi o ka mea, kanu ʻia ke kāne, a hānai ka pīpī me nā artemia a me nā rotifers.
KOMO KAʻO ʻO TARACTUM KĀMANA NĀ HōʻUWAI PILI KĀNUI PHOTOS.
Lohi lōʻihi a brona wale nō ʻo Dianema
ʻAno e hoʻokū
ʻO nā iʻa ʻoluʻolu maluhia e palekana wale no ka mea liʻiliʻi o nā mea a me nā mea aku. Hele maikaʻi a me nā luna o nā mōliona Amazonian, e like me tetras, ciclids ʻAmelika Hema, nā alaka a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. ʻAʻole i ʻike ʻia nā hakakā kuhihewa i hiki ke mālama ʻia ʻelua a me kahi hui. He mea kūpono ia no ke ʻano o nā kamaʻāina he ʻano ikaika hou hoʻi.
Kamaipono / hānai
Mahele nui ka hānau ʻana ma ka home, akā hiki nō. ʻO ka paʻakikī nui e hoʻohālikelike i nā kūlana kūlohelohe, nā ʻu a loko me ka hoʻomaka o ka ua i ke kauwela. Eia nō naʻe, i ka hiʻohiʻona o ʻAmelika Hema, ua hāʻule ka manawa kauwela ma nā mahina he nui, ʻo Iune kēia - ʻAukake ma ka ʻākau o ka eka, a ʻo Dekemapa - ʻo Fepuari hoʻi ma ke kūkulu hema o ka moʻo.
Hoʻopili kokoke i ka iʻa me kona mau hoahānau aloha, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻo ka lua, ka hapakolu a ʻehā paha i kiʻi ʻia i ka hoʻo pio ʻana, ʻoi aku ka hopohopo o nā kūlana o waho.
ʻO nā ʻōkuhi ākea no ka hānai ʻana i ka lōʻihi o Dianema ka hoʻololi maikaʻi ʻana i ka kūlana o ka wai ma o ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka wai anu anu ʻoi loa no nā lā he nui a me ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka meaʻai ola i ka meaʻai. Hoʻomaʻahaʻa ka mahana i ke 23-24 ° C a mālama mau a hiki i ka pau ʻana o ka pae ʻana.
ʻO ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka wā moena e hiki ke hoʻoholo e ka ʻōpū nui i hoʻonui ʻia - ʻo ia kēia wahine, ʻāmū mai ka bipi keiki. No laila pono ʻoe e manaʻo i ka hele, e kiaʻi ponoʻī i ka aku, a ke puka mai nā hua, e hoʻokomo koke iā lākou i loko o kahi pūnaʻi like me nā kūlana like ʻole o lākou e lilo i ka ʻai no nā iʻa a me kā lākou mau mākua.
Nā maʻi ʻona
ʻO ke kumu nui loa o nā maʻi kūpono ʻole nā kūlana kūpono ʻole a me ka maikaʻi maikaʻi o ka meaʻai. Inā ʻike ʻia nā hōʻailona mua, pono ʻoe e nānā i nā ʻokoʻa wai a me ka loaʻa ʻana o nā kikowaena kiʻekiʻe o nā mea ʻona (ammonia, nitrites, nitrates, etc.), inā pono, hoʻihoʻi hou i nā hōʻailona ma ka maʻamau a laila e hoʻomau ʻia me ka mālama ʻana. No ka ʻike hou aku e pili ana i ka hōʻailona a me ka mālama ʻana, e ʻike i ka maʻa ʻo Aquarium Fish Diseases.
Kaʻa ʻAmelika Hōʻī Shell
ʻO Dianema (Dianema longibarbis) kahi iʻa kūlou mai ka ʻohana catfish. Hoʻoulu ia i 9 cm ke lōʻihi. Ma waho, ʻaʻole e ʻokoʻa nā wahine i nā kāne. ʻO kahi hoʻokolohua ʻike kikoʻī hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomaopopo i ka hoʻomālamalama iki o nā kāne, a he elongated ko lākou hihi.
Ke kūlohelohe nei, noho ʻo Dianemas i nā wai o ka Amazon. Makemake lākou i nā wahi wai mālie e lūlū ʻia e nā mea kanu.
ʻAno hānau
Ke kūpaʻa ʻia nei ka pae ʻana o nā ʻanā spawning "ma nā poʻohiwi" o ke kāne. Ma lalo o nā kūlana kūlohelohe, kūkulu lākou i nā nests o ka puaʻa ma nā lāʻau pākuʻu i kā lākou ʻaoʻao.
Dianema lōʻihi loulou (Dianema longibarbis). I loko o nā loko i kahi waʻa, hoʻokomo ʻia kahi pā palupalu inverted, ma kahi o 20 cm ke anawaena.
Hoʻopau nā wahine o Dianemia i ka awelika a 300 mau hua liʻiliʻi (ma kahi o 1.5 mm paha.) Ma hope o kēlā, lilo ke kāne i kiaʻi nui o ka pili.
ʻEmalelo ʻo Dianema i ka iʻa i loko o ka iʻa.
No ka hoʻomohala hou ʻana o nā hua, pono ka pono o ka mea nona ka lāʻau i loko o kahi moku. I loko, e pono ka mahana wai ma 24 ° C a me ka pH 7.0. E pono hoʻi e makaʻala ʻoe i nā kuhikuhi dGH a me dKH, nona nā kūloko: 8-10 ° a me ≥ 2 °.
Pono ka wai i loko o ka hale aku me ka polika methylene.Hola huki mai hua mai nā lā ʻelima mau lā. Inā hele ʻole kekahi o lākou e haki i ka pili ʻana, a laila hiki iā ʻoe ke kōkua me ka pā mai ʻana me ka pulu manu.
I mea e hoʻoulu ai me ka diane, pono ke hoʻokumu i kekahi mau kūlana no ka spawning iʻa. Ma hope o kekahi lā aʻe, ua piha piha ka ʻeke ʻeke, a mākaukau nā keiki e ʻai i ka meaʻai. Pono paha ka Artemia i ka hoʻomaka.
Pono ia e hoʻomanaʻo i nā lā mua o kona ola ʻana, he mea koʻikoʻi ka pīpī i kekahi hoʻololi i ke kaiapuni. ʻAʻole hiki ke pale aku i kahi hāʻule o ka pā wela, a me ka nui o nā mea protein i loko o ke kaakola. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi ma ka kānana ʻana i ka wai ma o ke kalaiwa hoʻāla, a i ʻole i kekahi mau manawa pinepine aʻe ma mua o ka maʻamau, e hoʻololi i ka 50% o ka wai kahiko i ka mea hou. E kōkua kēia mau kaʻina maʻalahi e pale i kāu palaoa mai ka hoʻouka ʻia ʻana e nā fungi kukuna.
Dianema longibarbus i loko o ka akuaku. Ma ke kaʻina hoʻomohala ʻana, nalowale nā ʻōpala i kēlā mau manaʻo kiʻekiʻe.
He ʻano maʻalahi ke ʻano o Dianemus, a no laila ua maʻalahi lākou e komo me nā iʻa ʻē aʻe. Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻopaʻa palekana i ka aquarium maʻamau. Inā loaʻa ʻoe i kahi hala, e ʻoluʻolu e koho i kahi ʻāpana a me ka pēpē Ctrl + Enter.
E hele i ka papa inoaʻōlelo: ʻO ka iʻa AquariumHana ʻia ʻo ʻAmelika lōʻihi ka lōʻihi i ka lōʻihi a me ke keleawe. Aia ʻia kona kaohi ʻia e ka muliwai Mato Grosso, e kahe ana ma Brazil.
ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino o ka laulema he lōʻihi lōʻihi a hiki i 9 cm.ʻawa ke kino i ka ʻōhaka, ikaika elongated, i mua o ke kime me ka puʻu ʻōmaʻomaʻo cone. ʻO ka waha haʻahaʻa, me nā lehelehe maikaʻi i hoʻomohala ʻia a ʻōlelo ʻia e ʻelua mau kihi lōʻihi. Hoʻohui ʻia nā pua maikaʻi i kālai ʻia i ke kala melemele. Kahu kino ke kino mai ke aniani a ke keleawe. ʻO nā wahi ʻeleʻele liʻiliʻi e hūnā i ka pehu o ke kino e hana i kahi laina i makaʻi ʻia. ʻO nā maka nui me ka iris ʻalani, a hāleʻa loa. I uhi ʻia ke kino me nā unahi nui e like me nā kaila a hoʻonohonoho ʻia i nā lālani ʻelua. He ʻāpana māmā ka ʻōpū, akā i ka ʻoliʻoli, e hoʻomaʻamaʻa wale ana a lilo i ʻulaʻula.
He nāwaliwali ka male ʻana. Mālama wale nō ka manawa hana ʻoi aku ka male o ke kāne ma mua o ka wahine i mākaukau no ka spawning.
No ka mālamaʻana i ka dianema lōʻihi, ʻoi aku kahi hāmeʻa me kahi nui o 50 lita kūpono. Hiki ke kanu ʻia nā mea kanu me nā mea kanu like ʻole, me ka ʻike ʻole ʻia o nā ʻano ʻano aniani me nā lau ʻāpana. Pono nā pā hale i ka loko aku, a me nā wahi e hiki ai i ka iʻa ke manu ʻole.
Nā ʻona kūloko wai no ka ʻikepili: paʻakikī a hiki i ka 18 °, pH e pili ana i 7.0, wela 23-27 ° С. E koi ʻia ka kānana a me ke aʻi, me ka loli o kahi pule he 30% o ka nui o ka wai.
Dianema lōʻihi ʻoi - kekahi ʻano maluhia, e alakaʻi ana i kahi ʻohana o ke ola. He mea kupaianaha nō ia i ka wā ʻauʻau ʻana, ke hoʻokaʻawale pinepine nei ka dianema lōʻihi i ka wahi, a laila maʻa mau ʻia e like me ka mea ʻaʻohe mea. E hānai i nā dianema lōʻihi lōʻihi e like me ka nui o ka hana mana a me ka hānai.
No ka hoʻoulu ʻana i kahi dianema lōʻihi, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka aquarium e pili ana i 60 lita. Kuhi ʻia ka spawning e hoʻoulu ʻia e ka hoʻemi ʻana i ka pehu o ka hau, a me ke hoʻonui hou ʻana a me ka loli o kēlā me kēia lā a hiki i 50% o ka wai. Mālama lua.
I ka wā spawning, ka wahine wahine e kuʻi i nā ʻāpana ākea e hoʻomālamalama ana ma luna o ka wai, i hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia me ka pālima kūpono a i ʻole ka palaka palaki. Pono e hōʻemi ʻia ka mahana o ka loko aku i ka wai o 2-4 ° C. Hoʻokumu ʻia ʻo Caviar i loko o nā hola 70-120.
Dianema keleawe, leiema lōʻihi ka lōʻihi, dianema longibarbis (Dianema longibarbis) noho i ka paʻu Amazon (Peru a me Brazil). Mālama ʻia ʻo ia i ke kahakai o ka nui o ka neʻe ʻana o ke ʻano o nā kahe a me nā loko o kahi pāheʻe i lalo.
He kino elongated ka dianema keleawe, kahi ana i ka caudal fin. Kālā ka ʻaoʻao hope i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka moni dorsal i kahi kuhi huki. Ma ke kino o ka dianema ʻelua mau lālani o nā papa o ka iwi, hoʻolako ʻia iā ia me ka palekana pono mai nā mea wānana.
ʻ sharpleka ka ʻōlule, ʻelua o nā antennae. Aia kahi momona momona. ʻO ke kala nui o ke kino mai ke aniani nā mālamalama a ʻulaʻula me nā wahi ākea ākea e hana ana i kahi laina longitudinal ma waenakonu o ke kino, a me nā laina transverse e hoʻohuli ana mai ia ma ke kihi.
Hōʻalo nā fins, ʻulaʻula, a ʻeleʻele nā hihi. I ka lōʻihi, ulu ka dianem keleawe i 8 cm.
ʻAʻole maopopo ke ʻano dimorphism o ka wahine, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā ʻāpana he nui o nā māla pectoral, ʻoi aku lākou ma mua o nā wahine.
ʻO Dianema ka iʻa keleawe a me nā iʻa kula. Hoʻohana ʻoua i ke ao a i ke kakahiaka. Mālama ʻia ia i nā ʻaoʻao o lalo a me waena o ka wai.
I ka huli ʻana i ka meaʻai, hoʻoulu ikaika ia i ka lepo, me ka makaʻu e hiki ke kanu i kona poʻo i loko. Ua ʻoluʻolu ʻo ia ma ke kī ʻana o ka ea hau, no laila e kū pinepine i ka wai o ka wai.
Mālama ʻia ka Bradze dianema i loko o ka hale kai maʻamau mai 80 cm ka lōʻihi me ka lepo mai ke one a poepoe, nā ʻāpana kihi mai nā ʻōpū a me nā mākaukau o nā mea kanu e hana ana i nā wahi twilight. ʻO ke kānana, kahi hoʻonaninani a me ka hoʻololi o ka hebedoma a hiki i ka 20% o ka nui o ka wai e pono.
Hele maikaʻi me nā iʻa iʻa maluhia liʻiliʻi. No ka mālama i ka dianema keleawe, he aquari ka lōʻihi o ke anawaena o ka 80 cm kūpono, ma lalo o ke one a i hoʻopuni ʻia e like me ka lepo. Pono nā lālā o nā mea kanu akuʻa, e hoʻomohala ana i nā malu i nā wahi, a me nā ʻena mai nā snags a me nā pōhaku.
ʻAno ʻo Bronze Dianema i nā meaʻai ola a me nā mea i loaʻa. Mālama ka ʻai i nā papaha a pau o ka wai, mai nā maka aku. Hāʻawi ʻia nā meaʻai i ke pouri.
Hiki i ka spawning dianema hana ke hana i ka laulā nui a ma nā hale hoʻokaʻawale ʻē aʻe me ka nui o ka lita 50 aila paha. ʻO ka substrate kahi mea kanu lāʻau me nā lau ākea e kahe ana ma luna o ka poʻi a i ʻole kahi palaka paha (pepa palika) me ka diameter o 20 cm, paʻa i kekahi ala ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka wai. E kiko, pono ke kanu i kahi pūʻulu o nā iʻa me ke kō o ka wahine.
Hoʻokomo ʻia ka spawning e ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka pehu o ka hau, kahi o ke emi ʻana o ka wai o ka wai ma o 2-4 ° C, ka hoʻohui o ka wai o ka wai me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka wai wai. Kūkulu ke kāne i kahi pūahi kīwī ma kahi i waiho ai ka wahine mai 150 a 600 mau hua melemele o 1.5 mm ka lōʻihi. Mālama ke kāne i nā hua a ʻaʻole ia e ʻae i nā iʻa ʻē aʻe e hana ai.
I kekahi manawa hoʻomaka ke kāne e ʻai i ka caviar, a laila maʻa ka substrate me ka caviar ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e hoʻoneʻe i kahi ipu kaʻawale. Hoʻomoe ka wā incubation i 5 mau lā. Ma hope o kekahi lā aʻe, hoʻomaka ke ʻōlapa a ʻai ʻana.
Hoʻomaka ka hānai: nā artplios nauplii a me nā rotifers. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa loa nā lā mua o ka palaoa i ka hiki ʻana mai o nā kumumana i ka wai a me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, makemake ʻia lākou i ka hoʻouka pinepine ʻana e nā kukuna, nā mea e hiki ai i ka make i ka iʻa. Hiki ke pale i kēia i ka kānana ʻana i ka wai ma o ke kalapona i hoʻōla ʻia, ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka methylene blue (5 mg / L) a me ka mālama ʻana i kahi mahana mau (24-27 ° C).
Ua hiki ke keleawe ʻo Bronze Dianema i ka wā kamaliʻi ma ka makahiki 1-1.5 mau makahiki.
Kāohi: Halelī-iʻa, a iʻa ʻona Callichthy (Callichthyidae) Pūmamaʻi: Amazon basin (Peru a me Brazil) Ka wai wai: 21-25 Kaʻai ʻana: 6.0-7.5 Kaʻeha: 5-20 mauʻano: waena, lalo
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