Hoʻolaha ʻAlepa - he helele a me ka hoʻoilo manu, i loaʻa kona inoa ma muli o ke aloha i nā hua rowan. Hōʻike i ka hui o nā manu liʻiliʻi. Maʻa nui, he mau ʻokoʻa ʻē aʻe o nā ʻano ʻalani ʻē aʻe.

ʻO ka wehewehe a me nā hiʻohiʻona

Ke kaupaona nei kekahi manu makua e pili ana i ka 150 kalama. ʻO ka lōʻihi loa o ke kino he 30 cm, ma ka awelika. He 45 cm nā ʻēheu a nā kāne a me nā kāne he ʻokoʻa a ʻokoʻa ka hulu. ʻAno ke kala o ke ʻano manu, he ʻāpana. He kukui ka umauma, ka melemele, ke poʻo a ka poʻo a me ka ʻāʻī. ʻO ka kua me ke kāʻei he hina hina.

ʻO nā ʻēheu a me ka lāʻī ke keʻokeʻo ma lalo nei. ʻEleʻeleʻele, kokoke i nā hulu ʻeleʻele ma ka umauma a me ka ʻāʻī. ʻO ka beak ka ikaika, pōkole, koi. ʻEleʻele i ka hope ma mua o ke kumu. E nui ana ka nui o nā maka, puni, me kahi ʻōpio uliuli, ma muli o ia, i ka paena kiʻi helehelena a huhū.

ʻAʻole ʻike kēia mau manu i ka hele ma ka ʻāina, neʻe lākou me nā pihi liʻiliʻi. ʻEleʻele kā lākou mau wāwae i ke aniani me nā manamana lima akā he ikaika a me nā koʻokoʻo. He weluwelu ka hulu, kālai ʻia me ka sebum, kahi e ʻae ai ka manu i ka hoʻomoe ʻole i ka hoʻoilo, ʻeli ka hau i ka hoʻoilo i ka ʻai.

ʻO ka leo leo paʻakikī e kāhea i kahi mea hīmeni. ʻOi aku ia i ka leo, like nā leo: "chak-chik-chak", a inā iā ia ka pilikia: "ra-ra-ra". Aʻa pinepine ʻole lākou, hiki iā lākou ke paʻi ma ka lele. Hoʻōho nui lākou i ka pōpilikia, me ka ʻōlelo ʻana aku i nā kolone a me nā manu ʻē aʻe. Inā noho nā blackbird i kahi kokoke i nā kānaka, e hoʻoikaika lākou me kā lākou walaʻau nui.

He ʻaina a makaʻala kēia mau manu. ʻAʻole lākou e hilinaʻi nui i ka poʻe, akā i kekahi manawa, manaʻoʻole kekahi iā lākou e hana i kahi pūnana ma lalo o ka hale o kahi hale pilikino a kūpono paha ma ka pā hale o ka hale ʻelima haleʻa.

Aia ma kahi o 60 mau ʻano ma ka ʻohana thrush. Loaʻa wale nō nā ʻano he 25 he ma Rū, akā, ʻo ka mea maʻamau ka ʻewalu o lākou. Aia ma lalo kahi papa inoa o nā ʻano ʻike e ʻike ʻia ai ma nā kūlanakauhale ʻo Lūkia a me nā hoʻokipa hou.

• ʻBlelo mele He ʻano ʻokoʻa kēia mau manu i kā lākou keiki kāne, leo leo mele, e hoʻomanaʻo ana i ka hīmeni ʻana o ka po mele. ʻAno ke kala me ka ʻulaʻula, keʻokeʻo a ʻūlū paha.

E hoʻolohe i ka leo o ke mele e hoʻohuli ai

• ʻĀmaʻomaʻo. Kele ʻia nā ʻano manu o kēia ʻano manu me ka wai haʻahaʻa. Māmā ka wahine i nā māmā. ʻO ka puni ʻana o nā maka he hāneʻemaka keʻokeʻo, he leo mele.

E hoʻolohe i ka hīmeni ʻana

• ʻŌlapa ʻia ʻo Blackbird. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona ka kahi keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo ma luna o nā maka, e like me ka maka he maka. He polū ke kala a he hina, hina a ʻulaʻula a me nā hāmaha ʻulaʻula. ʻO ka hīmeni ʻana i nā kahe ʻulaʻula hoʻi he mea hoʻomanaʻo i ka hana o nā kahe

E hoʻolohe i ka pa mele mele

• ʻŌwili o kahi ʻeke. ʻO ka ʻikepili nui loa o nā ʻano. ʻOkoʻa ka waihoʻoluʻu i ke kala, he keʻokeʻo ka umauma ʻino, ʻo ke kua a me ke kāʻei me ka mea hina hina.

E hoʻolohe i ka laka

• Ka Puʻuwai. ʻO nā mea liʻiliʻi loa o nā blackbirds. ʻUlaʻula ke kala, ʻo ka ʻulaʻula. He hulu hulu melemele ma ko lākou ʻāʻī. Ma ka waena o ke kihi he wahi mālamalama anu, keʻokeʻo, no ia mea, loaʻa i ka ululāʻau ka inoa inoa inoa "keʻokeʻo keokeo".

• Wela Hakanū. ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona koʻikoʻi kahi ʻāpana ʻulaʻula a me kahi huelo lōʻihi. He ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele ka ʻano o kēia ʻano, me ka ʻōpū o brown. Keokeo ka ʻili ma lalo. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā wahine.

• Kīlei papahele. Ke kala o kēia mau mea palulu hina me kahi kiʻi polū. Hoʻopili ka umauma ma mua o ke koena o ke kino. ʻEleʻele nā ​​wāwae, me nā manamana lima māmā a me nā ʻāpanaʻeleʻele.

• ʻAno Puʻuwai. ʻEleʻele ka hulu, loaʻa nā wahi keʻokeʻo e puni ana i nā maka a me ka ʻāʻī. ʻAnoʻulaʻula ka ʻōpū.

Hoʻohui ʻia nā hiʻohiʻona, ʻokoʻa nā manu ma ke ʻano ola, nā meaʻai a me nā ʻano.

Hoʻoikaika & Habitat

Hiki i ka Fieldbirds ke alakaʻi i ke ola nomadic a me ka sedentary. E pili ana lākou ma ke kūkulu ʻākau o Eurasia, a lele i ke kūkulu hema, i ʻApelika, Asia Minor a i ʻEulopa paha. I ko mākou ʻāina, e noho ana nā ʻano o kēia ʻano i Siberia. I kēia manawa, ua hoʻomaopopo ka poʻe ornithologists i kēlā ʻiliʻulaʻula e noho hou ana i nā kūlanakauhale, ʻoi aku paha i nā makahiki hōʻiliʻili.

Loaʻa nā kolu o 300 mau manu ma waena, a i waena o nā kaiāulu a i nā puʻuwi tapaʻo. ʻAʻole lākou e ʻike i ka pōkole meaʻai a ʻae maʻalahi i ka hoʻohele wīwī Lūkini nui. Noho lākou i loko o nā paka nui a me nā kauhale kahi e ulu ai ka lehu mauna. ʻAʻole lākou i hana hnka i nā māwae palepona a i ʻole nā ​​nahele ulu ʻole.

He manu akamai ko ka mahina ʻai. He poʻe nui lākou, e hoʻāʻo e ʻae i nā manu ʻē aʻe, nā kānaka a me nā holoholona a kokoke i ka wahi. ʻO ka hoʻolaʻa ʻana na lākou he droppings. Ua ʻoki lākou i ka manu a manu paha e lele i ka ʻāina holoʻokoʻa. He maikaʻi ke kaʻina hana, no ka mea, he viscous a me ka cushic ka thrush.

Ke kiʻi ʻana i ka hulu a i ʻole ka hulu, hoʻopili ʻo ia iā lākou, ke komo ʻana i ka ʻili, a hoʻoponopono. Ma hope o kēlā meʻi ʻana, nalowale nā ​​manu ʻē aʻe i ko lākou hiki ke lele a make mai nā hōʻeha hopena. Ma mua o ka hoʻouka ʻana, hoʻomake ka ʻūhā o ka lehu mauna, ma kēia kumu ke hoʻomaopopo nei ka ʻenemi i ka pōpilikia lākou.

Eia nō naʻe, ʻo nā ʻuwāwili kilokilo, nā ʻenemi hoʻohiki i ke kīhāpai, ua aʻo e hoʻopunipuni i ke kīloi. Holo lākou i ka huli. No ka laʻana, hoʻohiwahiwa kekahi ʻōlio i kahi kolana, nā ʻohana blackbird āpau, e waiho ana i kā lākou ʻona e pelo i ka ʻenemi a "pana" me nā hiʻona. Ma ka manawa like, e hāloilolo mālie ka lua lua i nā ʻuʻuku, pekia a hua a ʻai i nā moa hou.

Ma kahi o ka pale ʻana i ko lākou ʻāina ponoʻī, ʻo nā kīlaha o ka lehu mauna e kōkua i nā hoahānau ʻē aʻe, e liʻiliʻi ai ka hoʻohewa i nā mea kō. Me ka pōʻino koʻikoʻi, hoʻomaka lākou i nā poʻe a pau me ka hoʻōho nui. ʻO nā manu liʻiliʻi, e like me nā manu liʻiliʻi a me ka ʻī, e hoʻāʻo e noho kokoke me nā kolone blackbird i mea e pale ʻia e lākou.

A nui a keu loa nā ʻenemi, ma waena o nā mea puhi polu, nā mea kuʻi a me nā mea lele, e waiho ana i nā hū. Ke hana nei i nā mokulele nui, ke ʻimi nei lākou i kahi wahi e noho ai. Hiki ke hoʻokuʻi ʻo Drozdov, i hana ʻia i manu manu. No ka hana ʻana i kēia, e lawe i nā moa liʻiliʻi e hāʻule ana mai loko mai o nā hu a ʻike ʻole ʻole e lele.

Kūkulu lākou i nā ala lāʻau lāʻau, ākea a lōʻihi a hiki i ka 1 mika. E hoʻolako i nā hale a me nā ʻāpana no ka ʻoliʻoli. ʻO ka lalo i uhi ʻia me ka sawdust a me ka mauʻu maloʻo. ʻAi lākou i nā manu me nā ʻōpala, nā meaʻai palupalu, nā hua momona a me ka palaoa.

I ka wā ulu, ua kau ʻia ka pālua i kahi laha ākea. ʻOi aku ka pinepine ma mua o ka ʻole, hoʻomaka ka poʻe aloha i ke mele ma ke ʻano he holoholona ʻaʻole no nā pā, akā, e leʻaleʻa i ko lākou leo ​​a me ke he.

Mea ʻai

Nā ʻeleʻele poe aloha nui o ka ai. ʻO kā lākou ʻai punahele i ka hoʻoilo he honi ʻōpala. Eʻoluʻolu lākou e ule i nā hua o ka lehu o ke kuahiwi, buckthorn moana, ʻōpala, viburnum. Hōʻalo nā manu i nā lāʻau maoli.

I loko o nā holoholona, ​​noho lākou ma luna o kahi lālā, a hoʻoheheʻe i nā hua o nā ʻōpala, meʻa piha iā lākou. No nā lāʻau, ʻoi loa nā mea hoʻoulu maikaʻi. Ke hana ka ʻohana i kahi ʻahaʻaina, hāʻule nā ​​hua he nui i ka lepo, kahi e ulu ai nā hua me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka pūnāwai.

Eia kekahi, ʻaʻole i hoʻopau pono ka wai i loko o ka ʻōpū o ka puʻu a i ʻole nā ​​manu e hānai i nā hua, hoʻoili ma nā wahi āpau. I ka hopena o ka ʻāʻī, ua aneane ʻike ʻia nā kumulāʻau i nā kauhale a me nā kūlanakauhale, a ma lalo o nā kumulāʻau, i ka hoʻoilo, ʻike ʻia nā manamana lima manamana lima lōʻihi.

ʻAʻole makemake nā kamaʻāina o ke kauwela a me nā māla i ka hoʻohiki ʻana. Hana ka poʻe i nā ʻano lāʻau lapaʻau mai ka lehu kuahiwi maloʻo, ka mea nui i ka manawa e hōʻiliʻili ai i nā hua o mua ma mua o ka like ʻana o nā hua kīkaha. Eia kekahi, makemake kēia mau manu i ka sweets, a inā e kanu nā mea kanu e like me nā currants a cherries paha e kokoke ana i ka viburnum a i ʻole nā ​​kumulāʻau, ʻuʻuku ka ʻuʻuku iā lākou.

Hoʻomanaʻo lākou i kēlā mau wahi "paʻakikī" a lele ai ma laila i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Hoʻokaʻī kekahi poʻe i nā mea hānai ma ke kūkulu ʻana i nā mea hānai. Ua ninini ʻia me nā hua maloʻo, nā maloʻo maloʻo a me nā ʻalī paʻakai.

I ka pūnāwai, ua hōʻeha kēia mau manu i nā mea kanu i nā māla a me nā mahinaʻai. Hiki iā lākou ke eli i nā moena me kā lākou nuku e ʻimi ai i nā nahu, hoʻolei wale ʻia nā mea kanu i kanu a me nā mea hehi. Eia nō kekahi, hana lākou i ka hoʻouka ʻana ma nā moena me nā huaʻala, nāpa i nā hua like ʻole.

Hana ʻia ka pōʻino maoli i nā ʻala a kahi e ulu nui ai nā ʻanoʻaila like ʻole a me nā kumu kūʻai o nā hua. I kekahi mau wahi o ko mākou'āina, ua ʻae ʻia ka mana o nā pōpoki i ke kauwela a me ka pūnāwai. I ke kau wela ʻai ʻia nā ʻulaʻula Nā wīwī, nā lāʻau lāʻau, nā anuʻu, nā puna me nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi.

Hānau ʻia kā lākou poʻe moa i nā wailele a me nā pepeke manuahi wale nō. Holo lākou iā lākou e "ʻimi" no nā kula ma kahi kokoke i ke kolone a e ʻimi ana i ka waiwai ma nā ʻoihana lehulehu. ʻIli ka polu, e huki i nā slugs mai laila, huli i nā pōhaku ma luna, ʻeli ma ka lepo a me nā lau hāʻule.

Hoʻohui nui lākou me ka noʻonoʻo pono i ka honua. Me kēlā me kēia hana pākahi, ʻike pū lākou i ka lepo, kamo ʻana i ko lākou mau poʻo i ka ʻaoʻao. Ke ʻike nei i ka ʻōpala, ʻōleʻakaʻi maila ke ʻano kuʻu a huki iā ia mai ka lepo, ʻaʻole naʻe e ʻai koke.

Makemake ke manu e hōʻiliʻili hou i ka meaʻai, a no laila ʻaʻole e hoʻopili ʻia e ka wuhoku, e hoʻoheheʻe ana i ka lepo, hamili me ka puluku, a laila hoʻomau i ka neʻe i ka mauʻu. Hele mai ʻo ia me nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi - ke kāohi nei iā lākou ma luna o nā pōhaku e wāwahi i ka ʻili.

ʻO ka pilina a me ka lōʻihi

Hele ʻo Fieldbirds i ka wahi i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ai i ka hopena o ʻApelila. Noho kūʻokoʻa lākou i nā kolana, kahi ma kahi o 40 mau pālua. He poʻe alakaʻi lākou - nā manu kahiko a mākaukau iā lākou, nona ka "ʻohana" nā wahi maikaʻi loa ma ka lāʻau.

Kūkulu nā kāʻai kahiko i nā ʻuʻuku ma mua o ka ulu ʻana o ka wā ʻōpio, e hoʻoholo ana i kahi o ka hoʻoponopono ʻana a me ka nānā ʻana i ka pōpilikia a me ka kokoke o ka meaʻai. ʻAʻole lākou makemake i nā ululāʻau lulu, no laila ua koho lākou i nā lāʻau i kahi nui o ka lā. Hoʻohana pinepine lākou me nā lālā o nā ʻano ʻē aʻe - ke keʻokeʻo-keʻokeʻo. ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona meaʻai a me ke ʻano e pili ana i kēia mau manu.

ʻO ke kūkulu ʻana, wale nō wahine. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO ka mea mua, kauʻo ia i nā lālā laʻa, palupalu, mai kahi e ulana ai i kahi pola. Hoʻopili i ka lau maloʻo i nā ʻupena, a laila hii i nā paia o ka pūnana me ka pālolo a me ka lepo, i loko a i waho. Ma muli o kēia, he ikaika a hilinaʻi nā hiona o nā blackbird i waena o 2-3 mau makahiki.

ʻO ke kāne male mai komo i kahi hihia i kēia mea, akā e hele pū me ka male i ka wā e lele ai ʻo ia no nā lako. Nānā pinepine ʻo ia ʻaʻole ʻaʻole ka wahine e hoʻopilikia ʻia e nā poʻe wānana. Ma hope o ka hoʻomaloʻo ʻia o ka "plaster" ma ka pūnana, lawe mai nā manu i ka mauʻu palupalu, nā lau a me ka moss ma laila. Ua mākaukau ka pugana no ka mālama ʻana i ka hua manu.

Ma kahi kikoʻī, maʻa mau mai 3 a 5 mau huaʻai, ʻōmaʻomaʻo-ʻoniʻula i nā kala, me nā hiʻi ʻeleʻele. Ke waiho nei kēia kala i mea huna i ka hewa, nā maka predatory. I hoʻokahi manawa, hoʻopaʻa nā ornithologists i kahi helu helu o nā hua ma ka pākahi - 12 mau ʻāpana.

Lawe ʻo Hatching i nā 16 lā, ʻo ka wahine wale nō ke hana. ʻO ka Males, i kēia manawa pale i nā pale a me kā lākou wahine. ʻAʻole lākou e lawe ai i ka meaʻai, no laila ua hele ʻo ia e haʻalele i nā hua a lele i ka ʻai. I ka manawa e haki ana nā pīkī, hānai nā mākua iā lākou.

Ma hope o nā lā 15, e hoʻomaka ka ʻeleʻele liʻiliʻi e ʻimi i ka honua ma waho o ka pā. ʻAʻole ʻike lākou i ka lele ʻana, akā lele ma luna o nā lālā a noho paha i ke aʻa o nā lāʻau. E hālāwai me nā kamaʻāina a kamaʻilio me nā manu liʻiliʻi.

E hoʻomau ka hānai aku nā mākua iā lākou i ʻelua mau pule, ma hope o kēia manawa, kūʻokoʻa ke keiki moa. ʻIke lākou i ke ʻano o ka lele ʻana i ka wahi mamao mai ka home a loaʻa ka meaʻai. Ma hope aku, wahine hiki hou ke waiho hou i nā hua.

Ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ka wā e moe ai, hōʻuluʻulu i nā alakaʻi i nā poʻe a pau i loko o ka puʻupuʻu, a lele lele nā ​​blackbird. Hoʻomaka lākou e "wander" loa, kāpae ma kahi o kaʻai nui. Ke holo nā ʻāpana kālā, ke nānā nei ka pā ma kahi hou.

Loaʻa ka nohona o ke ola ma kahi kani i ka 10 a hiki i 15 makahiki, i nā kūlana kūponoʻole. I ka pio, hiki i nā manu ke ola lōʻihi, a hiki i 20 mau makahiki. Akā, akā naʻe, i nā kūlana kūlohelohe, ʻaʻole he nui o lākou e ola nei a hiki i ka hopena.

Ma kahi o 20% o ka brood ma ka kolone e ʻai ʻia ana e nā mea kaiʻai, aʻo nā mea ʻē aʻe, ʻo ka pākeke, e like me ka make ʻole. Nui nā manu e make i ke kaua, e pale nei i kā lākou mau hihiu a i ka wā hoʻi o ka neʻe ʻana. ʻO ka palena haʻahaʻa o nā holoholona ma waena o 6 mau makahiki.