ʻO ka hapa liʻiliʻi o ka neʻe ʻana o nā ʻaha haku: ʻāpana o ke kino 2.5-4 m, ke kaupaona ʻana ma luna o 600 kg. ʻO ka lōʻihi ka nui o ke kino (hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā kāne i loko o ke Kaiʻula) he 5.8 m. Ua hōʻike ʻia ka moʻomeheu wahine: ʻoi aku ka nui o nā kāne ma mua o nā wahine.

Kue ke poʻo liʻiliʻi e komo i kahi kino nunui spindle, kahi i hoʻopau ʻia me kahi pū caudal e kū ana i ka pona. ʻOkoʻa ka ʻili ke kūlike mai ka huelo o ka manatees a like me ka huelo cetacean: ʻelua o ka lua o nā ʻāpana he ʻāpana hohonu. Ua hoʻohuli ʻia nā puka mua i nā palu-like a i nā lōʻihi 35-45 cm. ʻO nā iwi pelvic vestigial wale nō i hūnā ʻia o nā ʻiʻo e noho mau ana mai nā puʻu haʻahaʻa. He palupalu ka ʻili, a hiki i 2-2,5 cm mānoanoa, uhi ʻia me ka lauoho lauoho sparse. Paele ka kala me ka wā ʻelemakule, lilo i palahala-alakaʻi a ʻulaʻula paha, māmā ka ʻōpū.

Ua liʻiliʻi ke poʻo, puni, me ka ʻāʻī pokole. ʻAʻohe mau auricles. He ʻike liʻiliʻi nā maka, hohonu hohonu. Hoʻopili ʻia nā ʻōlani ma nā ikaika a me nā pou ʻē aʻe, i lako me nā pūlima e kokoke ana ma lalo o ka wai. Hoʻokiʻoki ʻia ka muzzle, hoʻopau ʻia me nā lehelehe kino e waiho ana ma lalo. Hopu ka lehelehe luna i ka vibrissae paʻakikī a hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻo ia i waenakonu (ikaika i nā poʻe ʻōpio), a ʻo kona ʻano ke kōkua i ka dugong e huki i nā algae. ʻO ka lehele lalo a me ka ʻaoʻao mamao o ka pala e uhi ʻia nā wahi keratinized. ʻO nā ʻōpio he'ōkuhi i loaʻa he 26 mau niho: 2 incisors a me 4-7 mau pulu o nā molika ma luna o ka iwi a luna o lalo. I nā pākeke, mau ʻia nā pālua o nā molola. Eia kekahi, i nā kāne, huli nā incisors o luna i nā ʻōpena e piʻi mai nā gums a 6-7 cm. ʻO nā molars he cylindrical, kahi o ka enamel a me nā aʻa.

I ka pale ʻana o ka dugong, hoʻonui nui ʻia nā iwi maxillary. Palapala ʻole nā ​​iwi. Ke kū nei ʻoe i lalo o ka iwi āhewa. He liʻiliʻi ka pahu pahu. ʻO nā iwi o ka huaka he ikaika a ikaika.

Kālā

I ka wā ma mua, ua ʻoi aku ka nui o nā ʻāpana: ʻ dugleʻa ʻo ʻAmelongs i ka ʻākau i ʻEulopa ʻEulopa [ʻaʻole kumu i koho ʻia ma nā lā 1055]. Wahi a kekahi mau noiʻi, ua lawelawe ʻia lākou me ka mana prototype no nā mermaids moʻoʻaoʻao [ʻaʻole kumu i koho ʻia ma nā lā 1055]. Ma hope mai ua ola wale nō lākou ma ka ʻona kuahiwi o ka ʻĀina a me ʻAmelika Hema: mai ke Kaiʻula ma ke kahakai hikina o ʻApelika, ma ke G Persian Persian, ma kahakai kahiki o India, kokoke i ka Malay Peninsula, North Australia a me New Guinea, a me kekahi ma nā mokupuni o ka Pākīpika. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi o nā ʻāpana henani i loaʻa i ka 140,000 km o ke kahakai.

I kēia manawa, ʻo ka hapanui o ka nui o ka dugongs (ʻoi aku ma mua o 10,000 mau mea) e noho kokoke ana ma kahi o ka Great Barrier Reef a ma loko o ka Torres Strait. Ua emi nui nā kānaka nui mai ke kahakai o Kenya a me Mozambique mai ka makahiki 1970. Ma waho o ke kahakai o Tanzania, ua ʻike ʻia ka dugong hope i Ianuali 22, 2003, ma hope o kahi hiatus 70 makahiki. Loaʻa kekahi liʻiliʻi o nā dugongs ma Palau (Micronesia), ma kahi. Okinawa (Iapana) a me ka Johor Strait ma waena o Malaysia a me Singapore.

Ke noho maʻamau

Noho ʻo Dugongs i nā wai kūʻono i ke kahakai, nā pāpū pāpū a me nā lagoons. I kekahi manawa hele lākou i ka wai ākea, hele i nā estuaries a me nā estuaries o nā muliwai. Mālama ʻia lākou ma luna o ka hohonu o ka hohonu ma mua o 10-20 m. ʻO ka hapa nui o ka hana e hānai ana, pili me ka loli ʻana o nā ʻili, ʻaʻole i nā hola o ke ao. Hele nā ​​Dugongs e hānai i loko o ka wai pāpaku, i nā ʻōpala cals a me nā kumikala, i ka hohonu o 1-5 m.ʻO ke kumu o kā lākou ʻai ʻana i nā mea kanu mai loko mai o nā ʻohana o ka ʻano a me ka wai-ʻulaʻula, me ka mea ʻala. Ua loaʻa hoʻi nā pūlapa liʻiliʻi i ko lākou ʻōpū. Ke hoʻoluhi nei, ʻai ʻia ka 98% o ka manawa ma lalo o ka wai, kahi lākou e "kanu ai" no 1-3, ka lōʻihi o 10-15 mau minuke, a laila e piʻi aʻe i ka maka no ka paipai ʻana. Ma ka lalo e "hele" ma nāʻaoʻao mua. Ua wāwahi ʻia ka Vegetation me ke kōkua o kahi ʻĀpihi luna ma luna. Ma mua o kou ʻai ʻana i kahi mea kanu, kanu pinepine ka dugong i ka wai, e lūlū i kona poʻo mai ka ʻaoʻao a ʻaoʻao. Ke hoʻopau nei ʻo Dugong a i 40 kg o nā mea kanu i ka lā.

Mālama ʻia lākou wale nō, akā ma luna o nā wahi e hōʻuluʻulu ai lākou ma nā hui o nā pahuhopu 3-6. I ka wā i hala iho nei, ua helu ʻia nā pua o ka ʻalika a i luna o nā poʻo he nui. Noho lākou a noho nui, hana kekahi mau ʻōiwi i kēlā me kēia lā a me nā neʻe o ka wā, ma muli o ka hū ʻana i ka pā o ka wai, ke kū ʻana o ka wai a me ka loaʻa ʻana o ka ʻai, a me ke kaomi anthropogenic. Wahi a ka ʻike hou loa, ʻo ka lōʻihi o ka lele, inā pono, he mau haneli a me nā tausani mau hola (1). ʻO ka holo kaukau maʻamau ka lōʻihi a hiki i 10 km / h, akā he dugong weliweli hiki ke piʻi i ka wikiwiki a hiki i 18 km / h. ʻO nā ʻōpio helehelena'ōpiopio e hoʻohana nui ʻia me ke kōkua o nā pēpē, ʻoi aku ka poʻe pākeke me ka huelo.

Lā ʻoluʻolu nā Dugongs. Hoʻohālike wale a makaʻu wale, e hoʻopuka nei lākou i kahi kipi koi. Hana nā ʻāhā i nā kīʻaha kūheʻe. Maikaʻi maikaʻi ka ʻike i loko o ka dugongs. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o ka manatees.

ʻAno hānau

Ke hoʻomau nei ka pālua i ka makahiki, kēlā me kēia manawa i ka manawa ʻoi loa i nā ʻāpana o ka palahalaha. Hoʻokā hakakā nā kāne kāne no nā wahine me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kā lākou. Pregnancy pinepine paha i ka makahiki. Aia he 1 kū i ka litter, jarang 2. Aia ka hānau i ka wai pāpaku, ʻo ke keiki hou ke kaupaona ʻia 20-35 kg me ka loa o ke kino o 1-1.2 m, he paʻa maoli. I ka wā o nā neʻe, hoʻopili nā kōpili i ke kua o ka makuahine, e hānai ʻia ka waiū i luna. Hoʻohui i nā ʻōpio keiki ʻōpiopio i nā ʻohana ma loko o ka wai pāpaku i ke ao. ʻAʻole hana nā Malikua i ka hānai keiki.

Noho ka waiū hānai a hiki i ka 12-18 mau mahina, ʻoiai e like me ka 3 mau mahina ʻōpio e hoʻomaka e ʻai i ka mauʻu. Loaʻa ka Puberty i 9-10 mau makahiki, hiki paha ma hope. ʻO nā māka nui o nā mikika i nā ʻōpekāne ʻōpio. Loaʻa ka ola i kahi makahiki he 70 mau makahiki.

Ka helu ʻāina

Hipa ʻia nā Dugongs no ka ʻiʻo e like me ka veal i loko o ka meaʻono, ʻo ia hoʻi no ka momona, nā paʻu a me nā iwi, kahi i hoʻohana ʻia no ka hana hana iʻa. I kekahi mau moʻomeheu Asia, hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻāpana kino o nā dugongs i ka lāʻau lapaʻau. Mai kahi holoholona i kaupaona 200-300 kg loaʻa 24-56 lita o ka momona. Ma muli o ka waiwai wīwī a me ka noho ʻana o ka noho ʻana, ua lilo a ʻeha a hala ʻole ka dugong i ka hapa nui o kona ʻāpana. No laila, e like me nā koho e pili ana i ka pinepine o ka hopu mau i ka nalo i nā ʻupena, ka helu ma ka wahi e ulu a nui loa o ka pae, mai ke kahakai o Kuʻinekina, ua emi mai 72,000 a 4,220 mau poʻo mai 1962 a 1999. (2)

I kēia manawa, pāpā ʻia ka lawaiʻa keri e nā ʻupena a ua ʻae ʻia lākou mai nā waʻa. ʻAe ʻia ka Mining me kahi hana kuʻuna i nā lāhui kanaka. Ua kau inoa ʻia ʻo Dugong ma loko o ka Red Book of the International Union for Conservation of Nature me ke kūlana o "species species" (Pā wale).