Kuhi aku nā ʻepekema kanaka bronzes i ka subfamily Cetoniinae, he 4000 mau maunu pupu e noho nei ma nā wahi like ʻole o ka honua. ʻAʻole lākou e hele a hiki i nā wao nahele a me nā wahi mauna. ʻO lākou a pau, e like me ke kānāwai, ke aniani ʻulaʻula a me ke kino ʻūlū.
I nā ʻāina ʻEulopa, he gula ke keleawe, a he mea maʻamau paha (Cetonia aurata). I nā lā wela o ke kauwela, ʻike ʻia kēia mau pīpī ma nā pua pua, kahi e inu ai lākou i ka nectar momona a leʻaleʻa i ka pollen.
ʻIke a me ke ʻano o ke kala gula melemele
Hiki i ke keleawe he 1.5-2.3 cm ka lōʻihi. Hiki ke ʻano ʻē ke waiho i loko o nā ʻano, akā he ʻula ʻemala me ka lula metallic ma luna o nā ʻāpana keleawe-ʻulaʻula ma lalo o ka mea maʻamau i loaʻa. He ʻōmaʻomaʻo nā wāwae o nā aniani, a ʻulaʻula a luna o nā wāwae.
ʻO Bronzovka e hoʻoikaika i ke ao. Hōʻailona pinepine iā lākou i ka mahana, ke anuanu o ka lā, a i ke ao, he kika ka hūpō i nā pua. ʻAʻole makemake nā lāʻauʻai i ke anuanu a hūnā mai ia mea ma lalo o nā lau o nā mea kanu.
I ka lewa, aia kēia mau mea ʻino me nā mokulele ikaika. A i ka ʻike mua ʻana, ʻaʻole like ʻole nā lele o lākou - e like me ka bumblebee, ʻike nui ʻia ke keleawe. I ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, hiki koke i ka lele me nā lele nui, lele ka lele me nā ʻēheu e pālahalaha ana, akā kā pēpē ʻia i ka elytra - ʻaʻole e like me nā pōpoki ʻē aʻe, no ka laʻana, ʻo ka ladybugs, ka mea e hānai ʻia ana ʻo elytra i ka wā o ka lele.
Hūnā ʻia nā ʻēheu palupele o nā bronzes ma lalo o ka elytra paʻakikī. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā pepeke i ko lākou manawa āpau e ʻimi ai i ka ʻai i waena o nā māla, a ikaika hoʻi elytra mālama i nā lehe lele o nā pīpī. Ma hope o nā ʻāina keleawe, ke peʻe nei nā eheu ma lalo o nā eheu. He hana paʻakikī kēia: pono e hoʻopili pono ʻia nā eheu. Akā no ka manawa o ko ʻAmelika hana i ka hapanui o ko lākou ola i ke ʻano o ka nui o ka larvae, ʻoi aku ka pololei e pili iā lākou i nā mea honua, ʻaʻole i ka lani lani. ʻO ka mea mau, lele nā pōkole ma luna o ka manawa pōkole o ko lākou ola. Ke pani ʻia ka elytra o ke keleawe, ko kona mau kao - ka mea hoʻēmi ma waena o ka elytra - hana i ka palapala Latin V. Hiki i kahi mea nānā ke hoʻokaʻawale i ke gula keleawe mai ka mea like me ia ka pīpī - green motley (Gnorimus nobilis). I ke keleawe, he isosceles kēia ʻenehana, a i ka motley - kūlike.
ʻO ka kala kukui ʻānō he illusion?
Kaulana kaulana nā brasze brasze no kā lākou mau kukui māmā, akā, i kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole lākou. Inā ʻoe e nānā i ka pīpī ma o kahi kānana polarizing, e maopopo ana i ka ʻiliʻili. Ka mea i huli ia i ka palaʻai ula opala me ka paila metallic ma muli o ka hiki i kona kino e hoʻopuehu i ka mālamalama.
ʻAe nā mea kanu i ko lākou kala i ke kūpaʻa puaʻa ʻōmaʻomaʻo, na mea e pale i nā kukui māmā a koe wale nō nā mea uliuli (e hōʻike ana iā lākou). A ʻo ka metallic tint o ka mauʻu e wehewehe ʻia e kahi ʻano optical kūʻokoʻa - irisation. Hōʻike kēia ʻano i ka wā o ka nalu māmā, ke hōʻike nei mai ka maka, a hāleʻa kekahi i kekahi. Hiki ke mālama ʻia ia hopena ma nā ʻēheu o nā palulu a i ʻole nā mea iʻa nā iʻa. Ma ke keleawe gula, kū mai ia no ka mea ʻo ia i hana ʻia nā māhele ʻāpana o ke kino i nā ʻāpana he nui. Hōʻikeʻike nā ʻili kukui mai kēlā me kēia papakū, superimposed i kēlā me kēia a hana i nā shimmers kala ʻulaʻula ʻia.
ʻO ka ʻōnaehana kupanaha o nā pīpī ua ulu aʻe ia i mau miliona mau makahiki - paha hiki i kahi pepeke ke hiki ke kau i nā poʻe o ka wahine ʻē aʻe. Eia naʻe, loaʻa hoʻokahi pono o kēia hiʻohiʻona: ke hōʻole nei ka luster i nā kiko o ke keleawe, ʻaʻole ʻike nā mea kaukō i ka honu waha, akā he mālamalama wale nō ia.
ʻAi ʻia ka mare ʻana
He mea nui koʻikoʻi ka huli ʻana i nā meaʻai no bronzes, akā ʻoi aku ka nui o nā mea ʻoi aku ka nui o nā nā pepeke i loaʻa ka manawa e loaʻa ai ka hoa, i.e. hoʻomau i ka genus. A kōkua hoʻokahi hiʻohiʻona iā lākou i kēia. I ka hopena o kēlā me kēia antennae, loaʻa i ka bronzers ka makana o nā ʻekolu a ʻehiku mau papaki e wehe ana e like me ka mea mau haʻani. ʻO kēia mace, e hana pū ana i nā mea e pili ana i ka antennae, e kōkua i ka ʻili ʻana e loaʻa ʻaʻole wale ka ʻai, akā ʻo ka wahine pū kekahi.
Loaʻa nā Beetles i nā kuʻina hale kāhiko, a he mea ʻole ka bronzes. Hāʻawi pinepine nā mea pīpī i kēlā me kēia hōʻailona i ke kōkua o ka māmā a hoʻohana paha i kahi hoʻonohonoho kūikawā o nā neʻe. Hoʻohana ka keleawe keleawe me kona mau keokeo ʻōpiopio a me ka hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale, a ʻike pū kekahi i nā waiwai kūikawā - pheromones e huki i kahi mau kāne.
Ma hope o ka moe ʻana, hoʻomoʻo ka wahine i nā hua manu i ka palu poʻokela, a ma hope o ka 2 mau pule o nā ʻōpala keʻokeʻo he nui a ʻalaʻewa. Lawe lākou i ka meaʻai ma ko lākou mau kua a mālama i nā ʻāʻī ikaika. Kūleʻa nui nā ʻōuli a ulu pinepine i ka wā e ulu ai lākou. I ka hiki ʻana mai o ka hoʻoilo, nā mea noho e noho ana i ke anu me nā hau anu. I ke kauwela e hiki mai ana, he hua chrysalis ke kōkō, e ulu mālie lākou.
Hānau ʻia ka hapa nui o nā pōpoki. I nā hebedoma hepa, ʻai lākou i ka ʻai, a laila hoʻomaka e ʻimi no kahi kāne. I kēia manawa ʻike pinepine mākou i ke keleawe e lele ana i nā māla a me nā paka. Ma hope o ka hiamoe ʻana, make nā kāne, a hoʻomau nā wahine i kā lākou hua i kekahi mau pule ma hope iho o ka make ʻana. I ka wā o kona ola pōkole, noho ka wahine mai ia mau mea he ʻumi a i mau tausani hua hua.
ʻO ke keleawe gula ma ka home
Maʻalahi ka mālama ʻana i nā keleawe gula ma ka home. Ma kahi home, kūpono kahi peʻa a manu ʻole paha lākou - he aquarium kiʻekiʻe me ke kaila o 20 a i ʻole mau laha me kahi uhi mesh. E ninini ʻia kahi kalaki (kahi i hui ʻia me ka pit, lepo turf a me nā lau malo) ma lalo o ka hale aku me ka layer o 15-20 cm.
Pono ke wela o ka home i ka home o bronzovoks i loko o ka lumi lumi, ʻaʻole pono lākou i ka wela wela.
Hiki ke hoʻonaniʻia ka aquarium i nā snags, nā pōhaku liʻiliʻi. Inā makemake ʻia, a me ka loaʻa o ka wa i ka home o nā bronzes e waiho i nā pā me nā lāʻau paʻakikī (Ficus Benjamin, Sansevier).
Pono i nā pepeke makua nā kukui. No kēia, kūpono nā kukui fluorescent, me nā mea terrarium, e hoʻokuʻu ana i ka mea o 2% o nā ultraviolet.
I ka hoʻoilo, ua hānai ʻia nā papa i nā ʻūpī o nā papa i loko o ka wai momona, nā hua momona a ʻono. I ke kauwela, pua nā pua o ka lilac, ke kuʻi hulu, nā rosa, ka clover i nā meaʻai.
ʻO ka wehewehe ʻana i nā pepeke
No ke keleawe gula nā ka wae ʻana o nā pīpī, the genus Cetonia (ʻo ka inoa mai ka ʻōlelo Helene kahiko i unuhi i ka "metal beetle"). ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino i ka lālani he 1.3—2.3 cm, ʻo kona laulā he 0.8-1.22 cm, ua uhi ʻia kona kaila chitinous me nā lauoho liʻiliʻi, e loli ke kala e like me ke kihi i ka wā e hāʻule ai ka lā ma ke kino. ʻO ka hapanui o ke kala o ka chitin he ʻōmaʻomaʻo ia, ma kekahi kihi e nānā aku i ke keleawe, violet, penina a i ʻole nā mea ʻoni gula.
Hiki iā ʻoe ke lohe pinepine i ke kapa i kapa ʻia ʻo keleawe ma ka moʻo lahilahi Mei. ʻAʻole pololei ka inoa, ʻo ka mea i nū ai nā iniseti i nā ʻano like ʻole. Hoʻohui kekahi me nā waihoʻoluʻu like ʻole, he ʻano ʻano like lākou, ʻo kahi ʻokoʻa o ka mokulele.
Loaʻa ʻehiku mau subspecies i loko o nā ʻano o nā pīpī keleawe, ʻokoʻa kēlā me kēia ʻokoʻa i loko o kahi noho, ʻoniʻoni. Akā heʻano maʻamau nā ʻōpala a pau - kahi metilic shint tint o ke kino.
He mea maʻamau ka keleawe gula ma Eurasia, maikaʻi loa ia i loko o nā ululāʻau a me nā wahi ala-ala-ala, i nā wahi i mālamalama maikaʻi ʻia. ʻAʻole noho kēia ʻano o nā pīpī ma nā kuahiwi, i ke kuahiwi wāwae.
ʻO nā mea keleawe keleawe nā lōlū lūlūʻana, ulu wale lākou i ke anuanu o ka wā wela. ʻO ke koena o ka manawa, ke noho mau nei nā pīpī ma nā lāʻau a me nā kumulāʻau, ke hina lākou i ka ʻāina a lilo lākou i ke kalo, a laila no ka manawa lōʻihi ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke lele a lele a lele. I ka wā e hoʻomoʻo ai, hāʻule nā mea ʻino i ka lepo a kāpili i loko.
Hoʻopuka a hoʻomohala ʻia ke keleawe penei:
- Hoʻokomo ka wahine wīwī wahine i nā hua i loko o nā ʻōpala i ulana ʻia a i ʻole nā lāʻau, nā anthills, a me nā lua wai. Ma hope o ka kau ʻana i ka hua, make ʻo ia.
- Hoʻopuka ʻia nā ʻōleʻe melemele-ʻula mai nā hua me ka ʻāʻī e lihi ana i nā lauoho. ʻAno nui ka larva i nā koena organik, hiki i ka nui o 6 a hiki i 6 cm e kahi o ka ulu ʻana.
- ʻO nā haumāna larva ma ka papahele like ma ia e noho ai a ʻai. Ua like ka pupa ma kahi pōpō ʻelemakule me nā ʻēheu pōkole; ma kēia aupuni, e mau ana no 2 mau pule.
- Kuhi ʻia nā beetles mai ka pupae i ka hoʻoilo a i ke kauwela paha, i ka wā e hoʻokuʻu ai ka wahine i nā hua. Inā hele mai nā aniani mai ka mokuʻāina o ka pupa i ka hāʻule, a laila ʻike lākou i loko o nā kīhāpai a me nā māla kuke i ka wā kanu mua, e ulu nui ana i kahi pā o ka hale.
Pehea e hana ai i nā moena mai kahi papa pepa a me nā panela
Kahu keleawe no ka māla
Hiki i nā pīpī emerald nui i hana i ka hōʻeha nui: ʻai lākou i nā pua a me nā ovaries o nā kumulāʻau hua a me nā kumulāʻau. Hoʻokomo nā pepeke i nā aila hānau o nā mea kanu - pistil a me stamens o nā pua. Hoʻomaʻamaʻi koke nā māla akamai i ka hele ʻana o ke keleawe i nā mea kanu: pau nā pua ponoʻī, i ka wā e nānā ʻia ai, nele kekahi o nā waena.
Hiki i ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo ke hoʻouka i nā ʻōpio ʻōpala o ka peonies, ka palaoa, ka hua waina, nā rosa, e hōʻino ai i nā hua o nā cherries, raspberry, hua waina a me nā mulberry. E hānai ana nā pīpī i nā mea kanu hihiu: kā lākou "papaʻi" i pili iā plantain, elderberry, clover, yarrow, tansy.
ʻAʻole manaʻo ka ʻepekema i nā ʻōmaʻomaʻo uliuli loa i pilikia no ka māla, ke hōʻoia nei i ko lākou manaʻo ma ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻo ka hapa nui o nā pōpoki ua puka mai ka pupae i ka manawa waena o ke kauwela, ua pua mua nā hua lāʻau a me nā nāʻuola. No laila, ʻaʻohe mea nāna e hoʻomohala i nā hana manuahi e ʻae ʻia e ka poʻe loea.
ʻAʻole naʻe ka hui o nā māla me ka manaʻo o ka poʻe ʻepekema a hana hou i kēlā me kēia makahiki me ka hana hou o ka lawelawe ʻana i ka maʻi ʻano nani.
ʻO nā ala o ka hakakā
ʻO nā ala āpau o ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ke keleawe mākeke nā mea a nā māla punahele i makemake ʻole e hoʻomau i ka hoʻoulu ʻana o nā mea kuhihewa ʻole. No ka hoʻonui i ka hana pono, ʻoi aku ia e hoʻohui i kekahi o nā ʻano o ka pale ʻana i nā iniseti.
Hoʻohana ka ʻaoʻao hana e hoʻopau i nā pōkole ma ka māla a me ka māla.
Nā ʻano hana. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO kēia ke ala maikaʻi loa e pau ai nā kaukau, i loaʻa ma ka hōʻiliʻili lima o nā pepeke. He mea maʻalahi loa kēia e hana i nā hoʻomaʻemaʻe o nā ʻano o nā ʻiʻo: i ke wā anuanu ua lilo lākou i ka hana, ua maʻalahi ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻana ma ka lima. Maikaʻi i ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana i nā pomiahi i kakahiaka ma ka piʻi ʻana i nā pua i ka kali ʻana o ka lā mahana: kahi i lawe ʻia nā pōpoki lima e ka lima hoʻokahi i ka manawa a waiho ʻia i loko o kahi pā o ka paʻila. Inā nui ka mana o ka hoʻouka ʻana i nā pōpoki, hiki iā lākou ke lulu ʻia mai nā lālā a hiki i ka litter.
ʻO nā mea kanu nā melons a pehea e ulu ai lākou
ʻO ke ala ʻelua e hōʻiliʻili ai i nā bronzes ma o ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi kukui. Hoʻokomo ʻia ia me ka māla me ka hiki mai o ka pouli, ua kau ʻia kahi kēne māhu ma lalo iho. Hoʻokomo ka bronzes i ka mālamalama a hāʻule koke i loko o ka waihona. ʻO ka hemahema o kēia ʻano lawelawe nui, e lele kekahi mau inikini ʻē aʻe i ka mālamalama.
ʻAno ala. ^ E Ha yM. No ka hoʻonāʻana i nā bronzes mai nā mea kanu, lawe ʻia ka pīpī me ka pīpī o ka sibala. No ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana, e lawe i kahi pākela lita o ka ʻohu bawang, e ninini i ʻelua mau wai wela i ka mahana o 40-50 ° C, e koi ʻia i ʻelua lā. A laila e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka infusion, ua hoʻopili ʻia ka 4 mau lita o ka wai, hana no ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana. I ka hoʻopiʻi maikaʻi ʻana i ka hoʻopili ʻana o nā mea kanu a mālama aku ʻoi aku i ka pale mai nā ʻōpala uliuli, 10 mau huina wai wai i hoʻohui ʻia iā ia.
Hoʻopīpī lākou hoʻi i kahi hoʻonā o ka lehu: hoʻohui i kahi kīpē o ka lehu lāʻau i 5 lita o ka wai, hui, hoʻomāukiuki i ʻelua lā. Hoʻohui ʻia kahi puna wai o ka kopa wai.
Kāpiko lāʻau. ^ E Ha yM. Hoʻohana ʻo ia i nā mea pono e luku ai i ka pīkī ʻūlū o Colorado: Regent, Colorado, Bankol a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. Hoʻopili ʻia ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka wai, alakaʻi ʻia e nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo, a laila e hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka ʻōnaʻi ma ka ʻāina e kokoke ana i nā lāʻau a me nā kumu lāʻau. Hana lākou i kēia i ke ahiahi, ma mua o ka napoʻo ʻana o ka lā, i nā pōtiki, e hū ana i ka lepo i ka pō
No ka pale ʻana o ka hoʻouluulu ʻana o nā bronzes i ka infield, ua hoʻolako ʻia:
- E ʻohi a kanu i ka ʻāina ma hope o ka hoʻoilo, aʻo ka ʻōleʻa palalolo i ka hoʻoilo i ka ʻāina e neʻe aku i ka ʻili. ʻO nā kāleka e paʻa ana i ka wā mua i ka momona he mau pōkole no ka mea kaupaona keleawe.
- E hoʻoneʻe i nā piles humus, nā lau i ʻoki ʻia, nā ʻōpala i hoʻopā mai i ka pūnaewele - kahi noho o nā pua.
ʻAʻole nui ka māla i ʻike i ka inoa o nā pīpī ʻōmaʻomaʻo nani, a he aha ka weliweli i kau ʻia ai i ka māla a me ka māla lau. Inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e lawe i nā ana, hiki ke keleawe maikaʻi ke keleawe i ka mea e hiki mai ana.
Pehea wau i lau kele ai
Nui ka poʻe noho ma ke kauwela, ke ʻike ʻana i ka lepo i kēia larva ākea, i kekahi manawa ke hele nei i ka nui o kahi nui, e like me nā kites, hoʻolei aku iā lākou iho a huki i waho mai ka ʻāina e hii a hānai i ka moa, kahi ma ke ala, ʻoluʻolu loa i kēlā meaʻai.
Ua koho au a hānai i nā moa o kēia nui, ʻaʻole wau, ʻaʻole maopopo. A ua ʻike maikaʻi wau iā lākou, hoʻomaikaʻi i hoʻokahi manawa.
Loaʻa iā mākou kekahi hale kahiko, kahi hapa o nā lāʻau i hāʻule i ka haki ʻole, hoʻopau i nā leaka wai a me ka hana o nā mea ʻino manu ʻole.
I kekahi kauwela, hoʻomaka kahi e rustle. I ka manawa mua ua manaʻo mākou he kiʻi ia, akā naʻe, he leo leo nā leo, ʻaʻole i weliweli nā holoholona i kēlā. A ʻelua mau lā ma hope mai ua ʻike lāua i ka pīhoihoi e hele ana ma ka papahele i ka puka o waho me nā ʻēheu nani o ke kala "ʻōpiopio." Ke manaʻo nei ua lele wale ka ʻōlohelohe i ke alanui, lawe mākou i waho ma ke ala. A no laila huli hou i ka monotonous ma lalo o ka wallpaper, a ʻo ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo o ka pua ʻōpiopio e ʻōloli hou i mua i ka puka. A hou mai, a keu. Ma ka huina, ua nānā mākou ma mua o nā ʻumikūmālima mau bug. ʻAʻole hiki i kēlā mau ʻano ʻoi nā pepeke ke keu aku: ʻIke wau ma ka ʻike pūnaewele pūnaewele e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka puhipuhi.
Ua lilo ia i keleawe - he ʻō mai ka subfamily Bronze, mai ka ʻohana o lamellae. “He gula ke keleawe, ʻaʻole paha pono ia i nani, akā ua nani ʻia a nani ʻia a gula. ʻAʻole i ʻike i kēia pīpī, like ia me ka emerald nui, i ka wā e noho ana ma luna o kahi pua puaʻa kū, e kū nei i waho no kona kaila e kūʻē i kahi kiʻi maikaʻi o nā petals. " (Jean-Henri Fabre. "The Life of Insect. Catetan by a Entomologist"). Cetonia aurata (lat) i ka unuhi i ke ʻano o ka "mea uʻi keleawe gula", ʻoi aku ka nui - ka lōʻihi o kona ʻōmaʻomaʻo, me ka metallic tint, hiki i 23 mm. I ke ʻano, kokoke ke kino o ka ʻiʻo i ka puʻupuʻu, pakuʻu i ke kua.
Ma kahi o nā keleawe melemele, ke komohewa ʻana a mākou i ʻike ai i loko o kā mākou hale, he nui nō nā mea hou aʻe - no ka laʻana, keleawe keleawe a he keleawe keleawe paha.
Ma loko o ko mākou hale ua ʻōmaʻomaʻo lā, ma kahi ʻano ʻē, he gula a he keleawe maʻamau paha. ʻO ke kumu o ka komo ʻana mai o nā pōpoki, e like me ka wā i kū mai ai: penei ka ʻākala o nā ʻōhua i ka lāʻau ʻalā i nā koʻi lāʻau - sawdust, nā lau, nā lāʻau hina. Pa honu mau pua ʻōmaʻomaʻo i kēia mau lepo lepo. No laila, ʻo ka kaʻina ʻana o nā mau ʻīliki a mākou e nānā nei, ʻo ke hoʻokuʻu ʻana i nā pākeke e huki ana mai ka pupae, a ua huli ke konihi i kahi ʻōpio o ka paia o ko mākou hale.
ʻO ka ʻenemi no ka māla huaʻai he Larva o ke keleawe
Nui ka poʻe e manaʻo nei he mauʻu hōkū kūpeʻe a hina hina ke kumu o nā mea kanu. Eia naʻe, ʻoiaʻiʻo, heʻoiaʻiʻo nō ia. ʻO ka hopohopo wale nō ia aole i pili i ka paona keleawe, akāʻo ka larva o ka lio, ka mea e nānā like me ka maka. Hoʻokele wale ka larva keleawe ma ka detritus o nā kumu kanu - make, ʻaʻole decomposed lepo lepo. ʻO ia ke kumu i makemake nui ai lākou i nā lāʻau kahiko o kā mākou hale ma kahi ʻano. He mau lālā kanu ola, no ka laʻana, nā aʻa, i piha ʻole iā lākou. ʻAʻole hiki i nā mea e ʻōlelo e pili ana i nā palu o ka Khrushchev (chafer beetle).
Eia kekahi, me ka hōʻino ʻole i nā mea kanu, ke hoʻopili nei ke kalaka o ka keleawe keleawe i ka pōmaikaʻi nui.I ka wā e noho mau ana ia, hānai mau ia, kāʻili ʻo ke koena o ka mea kanu i hoʻopau ʻia e ka ʻōpio ʻana me kona mau ʻōpio, e hāʻawi ana i ka wikiwiki wikiwiki o nā pilala paʻa e hoʻomau mau ʻia no ka wā lōʻihi.
Hōʻike ke kiʻi i ke ʻano o ka larva i kahi ʻōpio i kahi ʻōpio pohō i loko o ka māla. Holo ka lua i ka ʻāpana lāʻau i ka nui a me ke ʻano me ke kino o ka inika, nāna e waiho i kānalua no kona kumu.
ʻO ka ʻōpala o nā mea kanu i hōʻoki ʻia e ka larva ma o kāna kūnaehana ʻana, ka hana ʻana i kahi mea e loaʻa ai i ka nui o ka ulu ʻana o ka ʻāina, kūpono pono no ka lāʻau o ka mea kanu. I ka wā e noho ai, ʻo ka larva o ke keleawe ke waiho nei i ka excrement, kahi mea kanu maikaʻi loa, a mau kaukani mau manawa o kona momona ponoi, a hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka hua o ka wā lau o vermicompost, a me ka hemo ʻana i kēlā.
Pehea ka ʻokoʻa o ka larva o ka ʻiʻo Mei ma ka larva o ke keleawe
He hulellar e like me ka lamellar-like me ke ʻano: ka mānoanoa, i ke kaʻina hope o ka hoʻomohala ʻana - a hiki i 62 mm, ke kino kino i ke ʻano o ka leka "C" me ke ʻano keʻokeʻo-hina-hina. ʻO nā kumule o nā mea pīpī ʻē aʻe, no ka laʻana, ʻo ka pīleʻa Mei, ʻoiai, ʻaʻole e like me nā ʻōpio keleawe, he pōpilikia maoli nō hoʻi, i hāʻule pū ma lalo o kēia wehewehe. Pehea e wehe ai iā lākou?
Inā nānā ʻoe iā ia, ʻokoʻa ke kinona o nā ʻano o nā ʻiʻini.
I kēia kiʻi aia kahi ulana keleawe gula. A i ke kiʻi ma lalo - ke pili nui o ka chafer.
Hiki ke ʻike ʻia he mau wāwae pōkole ʻo bronzial, he poʻo liʻiliʻi a me nā ʻōpua liʻiliʻi. Eia kekahi, ʻoi aku ka huluhulu keleawe ʻoi aku ʻoiʻu "huluhulu". Pono paha he mea kūpono e nānā i ka poʻe noho o lalo o nā moena - ʻaʻole lākou āpau he pōpilikia pono e luku nui.
ʻAtikala
E ʻōlelo i ka pale ʻana i ke kīpē o ke keleawe, pono e ʻōlelo ʻia, no ka hoʻopono, ʻo ka pākeke keleawe o ka pāloʻomaʻi, he mea e hānai ana i nā ʻōpala a me nā pua pua, nā lau ʻōpio, a me ka ʻai ʻana i nā hua. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole i hoʻopili ke keleawe i ka pōʻino nui i ka horticulture a me ka floriculture. ʻAʻole i hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā ʻano hana kūikawā e kū i ka iniseti.
Hiki ke noʻonoʻo ʻia ka Bronze i kahi pepeke maluhia no ka mahiʻai, hāʻawi ʻia i nā hiʻohiʻona o kona ola. ʻO ke moʻolelo ola o ka iniseti i wehewehe maikaʻi ʻia e ka entomologist Farani ʻo Jean-Henri Fabre.
Loaʻa iā Bronze kahi pōkōne hoʻomalua makahiki. ʻO ka pīpī ua waiho i ka pupa i ka waena o ke kauwela - i Iulai. A hiki i ka hopena o ke kauwela, ʻai nui nā mea ola, i ka ʻohi ʻana i ka meaʻai i kēlā me kēia manawa. Akā makemake wale nā honu i nā huaʻai, ʻai nui i nā huaʻai a me nā hua hua.
ʻO Bronzovka ka thermophilic a photophilous. No laila, ke hoʻoikaika wale nei lākou i kahi lā wela lā, i ke ao palu a hūnā ma ka malu i ka laʻala liʻiliʻi. Me ka hoʻomakaʻana o ka manawa maloʻo, e pale aku nā pīpī i ka hoʻoilo. Ke hele nei i waho o kahi kūlana o ke aloha i ka pūnāwai, hoʻomaka hou ʻo bronzes e hānai, akā ʻoi aku ka ikaika ma mua o ka makahiki i hala ma hope o ko lākou hatching. No ka mea ʻaʻohe hua a hua ʻole i kēia manawa, hānai nā pepeke i nā pua, nā lau ʻōpio a me nā hua o nā hua lāʻau. Nui ke aloha ʻo Bronzovka i ka wela, no laila e ala lākou mai ka wā hānau ʻana inā ua lawa ka wela. I kēia manawa, mae nā kumu o nā hua lāʻau no ka hapa nui. Lele pinepine ʻo Bronzovka ma nā kuʻi leʻe (ʻoiai ʻaʻole ia e poina e pili ana i nā pua), ma luna o ka daisies a me nā lau kālā.
A laila ua hui nā pepeke, ʻo ka wahine i nā testicles - i nā ʻāina momona ʻo humus, nā ʻōpala, nā lau, nā lau, ka wahie. Ma hope o ka hoʻouluulu ʻana, ʻaʻohe makemake o bronzes i ka meaʻai: a hiki i ka hāʻule, lele wikiwiki nā ʻelemakule, holo, a me ka wā hoʻomaka o ka wā anu e kolo ana i ka lepo, kahi i pau ai ko lākou ola. I kēia manawa, ʻumikūmālua mau lā ma hope o ka waiho ʻana o ka wahine i kāna mau testicle, kahi hānai liʻiliʻi ʻōpiopio a hoʻomaka e luku i kahi nui o ka mea wana e make ana, e hoʻololi ana iā lākou i mea kanu no nā mea kanu hou. Ke neʻe nei ka larva i ka lepo, kahe ʻana o nā ʻōpala o nā mea kanu i loko o kona mau ʻōpū, hana no ka neʻe o ka pōkole ʻaʻole i pōkole, nāwaliwali loa no ia ʻano kino nui, akā he mau pana ikaika ma ke kua. ʻO ka larva o ke keleawe, inā e waiho ʻia ma ka ʻaoʻao me lalo o ka ʻōpū, huli ʻia i lalo a hoʻomaka e eʻe i kona kua. Hoʻohana ka larva o ka iniseti i kāna mau wāwae i ka wā e hana ai i ka popo, i loko ka mea i huli ai ka larva i kahi chrysalis, kahi e puka hou mai ai ka pepeke keleawe ma hope - nā pīpī keleawe.
Pehea kou kuhihewa. He pākeke ikaika ka pākeke Bronze. ʻOiai he liʻiliʻi lākou, ʻaʻole manaʻo ʻia he pōʻino kūikawā. Akā i ka wā o ka nui o lākou a he nui lākou, e hoʻomaopopo nui ka hanaʻino.
Loaʻa iā mākou kahi mea hoʻolālā kiʻi i kā mākou kauhale. Nui loa ko lākou wahie, ʻōpala lāʻau a me nā ʻōpala lāʻau ʻē aʻe, nā puʻu, e like me nā mauna Himalayan. ʻO kēia ka mea momona pono a i ʻole nā meaʻai no nā ʻōhumu. ʻAʻole maikaʻi ʻole ke ʻai ʻia i ke ʻano o kēia kīnā ʻole. Akā ua lawa kēia mea no nā haneli mau makahiki. ʻAʻole lōʻihi loa kahi ola o koʻu ola ma ka honua. A pono au i nā pua, nā mea kanu, ʻaʻole i loko o ka mileniuma hou, akā i kēia manawa. O nā mau pīpī ma waho o kēia nui o ka hānai i lele nui i ka nui. ʻAʻole hoʻokahi wale a ʻelua paha kanaka kāne nani, he mau ao kēia. I kēlā me kēia lā ke ʻohi a ma ka liʻiliʻi me hoʻokahi a me ka hapa lita (ʻohi wau i loko o nā kaha) o nā pōpoki, paʻa ka pā, i lalo o ka uhi, e like me ka paʻima.
He ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole ia he holoholona palu; ua piha i nā wahi a pau o kā mākou ʻāina. Akā ʻo kahi pōpilikia i kauoha a ko mākou alakaʻi i kālai ʻia e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i nā wahi i noho ʻia e nā mauna lāʻau. Ua lawe ʻia lākou i mau pule. Aia i hea? ʻAʻole maopopo iaʻu, ka mea ʻokoʻa i kahi papa ʻāina e puhi ai ma laila. Ma hope o nā mea āpau, ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke hana i nā briquette wahie mai lākou. I hao wale ʻia nā mea a pau, a me nā mea uku. He aha inā ke ola ʻana o ka larva? Hoʻomaka koke kahi hale a me kahi ʻole i kahi e kau ai i ka luku.
Koi ke Bronze i nā mea a pau i huli aʻe iā ia. No laila iaʻu e hele me ka ʻāʻī, no ka mea ua ʻai koke nā pua. Me ka lupins i ka pilikia like. Inā ua luku wale ʻia nā pua puaʻa! ʻAi lākou i nā kala a pau. Ua makemake lākou i ka huaʻī, ka hua, ka huaʻala, ka ʻōpala, naʻa wale lākou. A inā ʻaʻohe pua, a laila hoʻololi lākou i ka hānai i nā hua. Ua hoʻopau wau i nā hua he nui o nā hua lāʻau i kēia makahiki.
ʻAʻole ʻike ka pua o nā mea kanu huaʻai. Manaʻo wau ʻaʻole lākou e ʻai i nā pua kamato, eia naʻe, ʻo kēia meaʻona. Mai ka wā kanu hua i hua ai, manaʻo wau ʻaʻole hoʻonani ʻia kā lākou mau pua i ke keleawe.
Heluhelu au e ʻai ana nā ʻolio.
ʻAʻole pono e pale i ka pili o bronzes. E hānai nui i ka moa. A hopu i nā ʻaka a me ka ʻī! A hānai paha i ka moa. ʻO ka lawaiʻa he lawaiʻa lōʻihi a paʻakikī hoʻi. ʻO ka mea nui, ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke luku ʻia me nā mea ʻike lāʻau. Ma hope o nā mea āpau, hōʻeha lākou i ka manawa like e hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia nā pepeke maikaʻi maikaʻi. ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o nā māmā ʻo Codling ma mua o ke keleawe. ʻaʻole ʻae ʻia kāna hana a me ka hoʻoili ʻana. E noho ʻo ia i ka ululāʻau, ʻo ia, pono ia e hana i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe, e hoʻomaʻemaʻe iā ia mai ka ʻōpio i nā lau hāʻule.
Me he mea lā ua lawe laka lākou iā ia i kā mākou kauka i loko o nā kaomi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. A hāʻawi lākou i nā meaʻai ʻole.
I, no laila ua hui like pū ka mea)) He mau mea like ma ʻaneʻi, ma mua wale nō, ma 2000. Ua hoʻolei aku nā ahi kahiko i ka ʻino, akā, ʻaʻole kekahi i lanakila ma luna o kēlā me ka nui (a ʻaʻohe au) . ^ E Ha yM. Ma lalo o nā kūlana maʻamau, he nui ka nui o kēia mau kui, a ʻaʻole lākou e hōʻino, ʻike i kahi i loko o ka ulu lāʻau a lākou e ʻai ai i kahi lāʻau popa kahiko, i ka nānā ʻole i nā mea hou (he lapuwale na lākou) a ʻo kēlā. A eia ... He mau lāʻau palekana - a hoʻomaka lākou e ʻai, e ʻoki nei i nā mea a pau. A laila ʻike ʻia ʻo ia ma kahi o ka lua o ka wahie - no laila, he ʻuluʻulu ʻane nā ʻōpala.
Hoʻopau lākou iā ia wale nō ke ʻokiʻoki ʻia nā puna wai āpau i zero, kū i ka nahele (ua liʻiliʻi nā mea liʻiliʻi), ke kali nei i nā makahiki he nui a hala kēia pōloli, a ma hope wale nō lākou e hoʻomaka ai e kanu i nā lāʻau Kalikimaka ʻōpio. ʻAʻohe o lākou i paʻi ʻē aʻe, ua hoʻokū hou ka nui o nā pīpī, hui ʻia a ʻūlū ʻūlā - ʻaʻole.
A ma nā wahi āpau a me nā wahi a pau kēia mau ʻōlala pipi me kahi nui a me kahi hāhi o nā mea kākau ʻolelo ma lalo o ka pā ahi. Ua ʻoki iho ʻoe i kahi lāʻau iʻa ma kahi o ka kaula i ka pā, i ka manawa wale nō e hoʻomaʻemaʻe a hoʻomoʻo i ke ʻano, a ʻike maikaʻi wale ia - a ua ʻike ʻia kekahi ʻōpala.
ʻO kēia nā lehelehe-muzzle. Ua komo pū nā pū me ka hopu ʻana i kēia mau ʻiʻī manu, hopu iā lākou a lele pololei me lākou i kā lākou mau wāwae.
Loaʻa ʻia ka pono a me ka ʻeha. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, ka pua iris, i luku ʻia e ke keleawe, he pākika maʻalahi no ke kūlohelohe. Hoʻoulu ka noho o ke kauwela no ka hoʻohanohano ʻana, ʻaʻole ia i hana i ka rabatki me ka ʻāʻī no ke keleawe. A kapa ʻia kahi maikaʻi, ʻaʻole maikaʻi. ʻAʻole wau e kū'ē i kahi ʻano maikaʻi no bronzovki a me kā lākou mau maggots. Hoʻopili pū kekahi iaʻu i nā pahuhopu o Mei a me kā lākou puʻuwai, no ka mea, ʻo nā pōmaikaʻi o ko lākou pono ma ke kūlohelohe kekahi. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole makemake nā poʻe noho kauwela i ka mea e luku loa lākou i nā mea kanu, e hōʻakeʻe ana i nā aʻa. A ke hoʻoikaika nei lākou i nā "pōlio" he ʻumikumamālua e ʻaihue iā lākou i nā hua puaa hihiu.
Hana ʻino nā kolohe ʻelua. ʻO ka mea wale nō e hōʻino i ke aʻa no kekahi kumu i manaʻo ʻia he ʻenemi. A ʻo ka mea e hoʻopau i ka ʻāpana i loko o ke ʻano o nā pua o nā mea kanu he nui, hoʻāliʻi ʻaʻole wale nō me ka nani o ka hale ʻaina o ke kauwela, akā, me ka hua ʻana, ua manaʻo ʻia he pepeke pōʻino. ʻO ke kūlohelohe loea.
Aia pū kekahi manaʻo o ka "nui". Ke hele aku nei kahi kime o kahi khrushcha, ʻaʻole hewa loa kona hele kino e like me ka mea mauʻu keleawe keleawe. Akā ua hiki i kahi haneli mau haneli ke hiki ke hoʻokuʻu manu i nā moena mai nā mea kanu. Inā loaʻa hoʻokahi haneli aneliima (no kēia, nā māhuahua nui o ka wahie, ʻaʻole pono, a laila nā lau ʻōpala a i ʻole nā kumu lāʻau, nā lālā ʻoki i nā kākāʻulāʻau kokoke e lawa i hoʻokahi hanu a ʻelua paha mau hou hou e kū mai ai), nā hē nāʻu wale nū e waiho mai nā pua ma luna o kou moena pua. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, he mea nui ʻaʻole wale ka hele ʻana o ka lāʻau pohō, pono nō ʻoe e pono ai i nā pua kahi e hānai ai nā pōpoki ʻelemakule. Nui ka nui o nā mea o lākou. Akā ma ka mākeke pua he nui, ʻoiai inā makemake nā poʻe noho kauwela i nā pua pua. A ʻaʻole hoʻokahi ma kahi hoʻokahi. ʻO ia hoʻi, he maikaʻi ka waihona hānai no ka pīpī! A e ʻike ka lākuhi i kahi e waiho ai i ka hua. Loaʻa iā ʻoe ka ʻai lohi i ka paia o ka hale, ua ʻoka kekahi i nā papa, ma kahi kahi i pau ai nā koʻi mai ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i wahie. Aia ka mea i kahi pā laau no nā moena. Nui nā wahi no nā palū. A ʻaʻole wale ka mea ʻai ʻai o ka lāʻau lāʻau kahiko. Nui nā ʻano o nā iniseti like ʻole. Loaʻa i kēlā me kēia me kāna waiwai nokal. A ʻo ka hānai ʻana i ka peat, a i nā dunghills ...
ʻAʻole manaʻo ʻia he ʻenemi wale nō no ka mea e ulu a ulu nā hua pua ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā makahiki o nā pīpī. Akā he mau mea kanu ʻē aʻe ma waho o nā kumulāʻau ʻapuna.
ʻAʻole naʻe i ʻae keʻa nei ka palekikōkia i nā pōpoki ma kekahi ʻāpana o kahi kamaʻāina i ke kauwela. ʻO ka ʻōleʻa kalepa o Colorado ma kāna kamaʻāina ʻAmelika he pepeke pōʻino loa, a hiki i ka manawa i hoʻomaka ai lākou e ulu i nā ʻuala ma ka nui. Eia ka mea ʻoki e ola ai a puni ka honua, a ʻo nā agrarians (nā kānaka o ke kauwela, nā māla kohi ke kaua) ke kaua me ia, akā ʻaʻole hiki ke lanakila, ʻoiai ua hoʻomohala ʻia nā hana hoʻomalu. A me ke keleawe ʻaʻohe ala.
Kakau ʻia ma ʻAukake 12, 2016 05:27 LK ʻ.