Palapala Latin: | Kīlealea trivialis |
Kaulana: | Nā ʻāpana ʻāpana |
Ohana: | Hāleka |
Hoʻohui: | ʻO ka wehewehe ʻōiwi Europa |
ʻAno a me ke ʻano. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO nā hua liʻiliʻi a me ka slimmer. Holo ka ʻūhā ma luna o ka ʻāina, manuahi manu ʻole i waena o ka mauʻu. Noho ka mea weliweli ma luna o ka lāʻau kokoke, e hele wāwae ana ma ka lālā, kuʻi i kona kaikuʻu a i lalo. Noho pinepine ma luna o nā kumulāʻau a me nā mea kanu. ʻOi ka nui o ka beak. Kūpono ka wāwae, ʻōwili, ke ʻāpiu ka miki o ke kua ke kua, pōkole (ʻoi aku ka pōkole ma mua o ka manamana lima a kūlike paha ka lōʻihi). ʻO ka loa kino 16–19 cm, nā ʻēheu 26-30 cm, ke kaupaona 19-26 g.
ʻO keʻano. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO ka ʻaoʻao kiʻekiʻe o ke kino i nā manu i loko o ka manu i moe ai ka pua ʻo ka hina-hina, me ka ʻeleʻele-black brown a ʻona hoʻi, ʻaʻole wale ma ka kua i lalo. Ma luna o nā uhi hulu ka wili o ka huelo, blurry darkish stroke longitudinal strokes. Ke keʻokeʻo ka lalo, me ka hie ʻemele ʻemele a me nā motika ʻeleʻele lōʻihi, e pālahalaha ana ma ka umauma a ʻāʻī i nā ʻaoʻao o ke kino. Kahu ʻia ka maka, ʻike ʻia ke aniani i luna o ka maka. ʻO ka kala nui o ka ʻeleʻele a me nā hulu ʻeleʻele he ʻeleʻele. Aia ma luna o nā kihi ʻihi e uhi ʻia kahi kihihi keʻokeʻo. Underwing keʻokeʻo. ʻO nā pūnaewele waho a me nā ʻāpana o nā lau o loko o ka hulu o ka ʻaʻa o ka huʻu ʻulaʻula. ʻO ka lua o nā hulu huluhulu i luna o nā poʻo o loko o ka pūnaewele i loko pū ʻia i ke keʻokeʻo. I ka hulu ulu, ua like nā hulu o nā makahiki mua a me nā manu kahiko ma luna o ke ʻano like me ka nui o ka saturated a aniani hoʻi ma mua o ka wā hana. ʻO ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o ke kino i nā manu he mau ʻoliva oliva a i ʻole ʻōmaʻomaʻo, me nā ala e hoʻopuni ai ka pua. ʻO ka papa i ke poʻo, goiter, dada, nā ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū a me nā puʻu o ka ʻuʻu e uhi ai me ka plan ocher o nā ʻano like ʻole.
Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā ʻōpala palepope i nā kihi ʻihi ʻāmaʻomaʻo ʻē aʻe, maʻamau nō hoʻi ma ka lumbar a me ka suphicle, a me nā mea he nui kekahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi i ka ʻaha ʻaoʻao o ke kino. Lā ka ʻokoʻa mai ka loilo ʻo ka mea i loko o ke kino ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ka puhika a me nā lā ʻihi lōʻihi loa i nā hulu manu keʻokeʻo. ʻAʻole like me nā keʻe o ka maka i ʻike ʻia, ʻike maoli nā kihi i hope o ke kua, ʻaʻole ʻike ʻia ka maka o ka maka i ʻike ʻia, ʻaʻohe ʻano ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo ma ka ʻaoʻao o luna o ke kino. Ka ʻokoʻa ʻana i kahi palahalilahi e ke kaila ʻoi aku a ʻoi aku ka pena i ke kaʻe o ka piko, he kino keʻokeʻo, he kālai a ʻoi loa ka pihi o ke manamana o hope, he puʻu nui, a he ʻike nui ʻole ka nui o ka puʻupuʻu nui i ʻōlelo ʻia i loko o ka pahu me nā kiʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi ma nā ʻaoʻao o ka ʻōpū.
Manaʻo. ^ E Ha yM. Kāhea "tit tit», «psiit psiit"a ʻole"cit cit"." ʻO ke kani ma ke kaʻa a noho paha ma luna o ka lāʻau. Ke hoʻomaka nei ka lele me kahi mele hīmeni me ka puʻu ʻana mai ke alo (mua a i ʻole nā lālā lāʻau) a i ʻole kekahi kahe. A laila ua hoʻolālā ke kāne i ka palahalaha ʻana i nā ʻēheu me ke ʻano o ka pau ʻana o ka mele "tsia-tsia-tsia».
Ke Kūlana ʻokoʻa. ^ E Ha yM. Hoʻokomo ka ʻānai ʻana iā Eurasia mai kāna ʻaoʻao komohana kūpono i nā wahi hema o Yakutia. Ma ka ʻaoʻao hema e pālahalaha ʻia ana i ka Hikina, ʻākau ʻo Turkey, Transcaucasia, Iran ʻākau, ʻo Tien Shan, ke Komohana Himalaya a me Mongolia ʻākau. Noho ka mea nui ma ka ululāʻau kai, forest-steppe a me nā mauna. ʻO Winters ka nui ma Africa a me India. ʻO ka mea maʻamau, ma nā wahi nui e pili ana i nā ʻano migratory puaʻa, pālahalaha aneʻi i nā wahi a pau. Ma ke kahakai o ka Pono o ka Caucasus i kēia mau makahiki i hala a ua ʻike ʻia i ka hoʻoilo.
Ke noho maʻamau. ^ E Ha yM. Loaʻa i ka hapa mua o ʻApelila. Noho nā kihi o nā ulu lāʻau, ulu nui e hiolo ana a hāʻule, kūloʻo ka ʻāina. ʻAʻole e like me nā kākiahi ʻē aʻe, hoʻolōʻihi i ka manawa ma nā lāʻau. Nā hoʻonoho i nā noho kaʻawale, akā i kekahi manawa me ke koʻikoʻi kiʻekiʻe. Aia ka pūnana ma ka ʻāina, ma kahi wahi ākea i waena o ka mauʻu, ma kahi mamao ma ka mamao mai nā lāʻau a me nā mea kanu lāʻau. Kūkulu ʻia ʻo ka nū mai ka maloo maloʻo o ka mauʻu, nā ʻīlū lio a me ka moss. I loko o nā pālei e like me 4-6 hua. ʻOkoʻa ke ʻano o ke ʻano o nā hua manu, mai ke keʻokeʻo me kahi māmā a me nā kiʻi liʻiliʻi e ʻike i ke aniani, ʻaluna poni a hina paha, me ke ʻano i loko o ke ʻano o kahi hāmaki, nā ʻōpala, nā wahi like ʻole o nā ʻano like ʻole a me nā kupu ʻulaʻula, hina, poni a me kaʻulaʻula (i aneane ʻeleʻele) nā kala. Uhiʻi nā polu i nā leona hina hina ʻē aʻe, he ʻōmaʻomaʻo a ʻulaʻula paha ka waha, ʻo nā ʻoka hoʻi he melemele.
Poni nui ʻia i nā pepeke, liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi i nā hua a hōʻiliʻili ʻo ia ma ka lepo. I ka wā hemo, e nalowale ana i ka pūnaewele me nā pā i ka wā o Kepakemapa, maʻa pinepine hiki ke kali a hiki i ka hoʻomaka o ʻOkakopa. ʻO nā lele ma nā hipa liʻiliʻi a i ʻole a mele paha.
Lio lio
(Anthus pratensis). Kahi ke kīʻaha, he momi ʻohana. ʻO ka noho mua ʻana o ka manu he ʻEulopa. ʻO ke kino lōʻihi 16 cm.
ʻO ka nui ka manu i ka nui o ka manu, akā i ke aniani, hina ka ʻoniʻoni me nā pihi, ʻoi ʻole ke lele ʻana o ka lele ma luna, ʻo ka leo i ʻoluʻolu ʻo ia "it-it-it". Aia nā manu i ka nahele me nā wahi i nāʻu, nā popo mū a me nā mea hana lāʻau i ka nahele, kahi lākou e hōʻike ai i ko lākou helehelena e nā mokulele o kēia manawa a me nā mele mele mele mele.
Holo aku nei ke kane kāne i kēia manawa mai ka palu a me kāna, no ka hōʻike ʻana i ke mele kani a e mele ana i kāna mele i ka lewa, hoʻi akula ʻo ia i kona wahi kahiko.
Ua hoʻopōmaikaʻi maikaʻi ʻo Skates i nā ʻāina āpau o nā ʻōpū a me nā subarctic o ʻEulopa, ʻAsia, ʻApelika ʻAmelika a me ʻAmelika. Hiki ke loaʻa i kahi kuahiwi kuahiwi ma kahi kiʻekiʻe o 3,000 mauʻu ma luna o ke kai. I ka hoʻoilo, lele keʻe ʻana i ka lewa ma nā wahi wela o Hema ʻEulopa, ʻĀkia Hema a me ʻAmelika Hikina. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā manawa e noho ana nā manu ma ka lepo, a holo wikiwiki a holo liʻiliʻi i ke ʻōpala a i waena hoʻi o ka mauʻu, e ʻimi ana i nā pepeke liʻiliʻi e hana nei i kā lākou papaʻai. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā nests ma ka ʻāina, i kālai ʻia mai ka ʻōpala o nā lauhele a i ʻole ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā indentations kūlohelohe no kēia. ʻO ka masonry he mau hina hina a he hina hina paha me ka nui o ka 18.42 e 14.49 mm, hoʻomoʻi ʻia me nā laina pōʻeleʻele, i kekahi manawa he mau masonry ʻelua i hoʻokahi makahiki. Hoʻomoe ka wahine i ka masonry no 13 mau lā, ua haʻalele nā poni i ka nūnana, ʻaʻole maopopo no ka holo ʻana. Nui nā manu i loaʻa i ka ʻai o ka ʻāina - nā pīpī lau, nāu, nā lele wai, a me nā nīnū lōʻihi. Mālama nā mākua i nā ʻōpio, e hana ana i ʻelua mau pūʻulu hoʻohālua i ka lā.
Lio lio
ʻO ka lio nui loa ma ʻEulopa a hiki i 21 cm ka lōʻihi. He kuaʻulaʻula ke kua o ke kuahiʻu, a me nā palahalaha ka lōʻihi. ʻO ka ʻāʻī a me nā ʻāpana he beige a ʻulaʻula paha. Nā ʻāpana ʻokeo e ʻike i ka ʻāʻī. Keʻokeʻo ka ʻōpū. ʻO ka hoʻohālikelike me nā skate ʻē aʻe, nānā ke ʻano lōʻihi a me ke poʻo nui. ʻO Winters ma Asia, e lele ana i nā ʻāina o subtropical a me nā ʻāina o ka ʻāina. Akā, liʻiliʻi kahi hapa o ka heluna kanaka ma ke komohana, a hiki i ka Western a me Central Europe. ʻO ke kumu o kēia neʻeneʻe maʻamau ʻana ʻo ia kekahi o nā mea huna o ka ornithology.
Ma Lūkia, ʻo ka laulā o ka pihi anuʻu i lele ke alo ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o Siberia ma ka hikina a hiki i ka Moana Pakipika. Loaʻa ka lio wāwae wāwae i nā wahi kālai ʻia o ʻAsia Hikina. Kahu ʻia ka lālani ma ka ʻāina, i ka lua ka hopena maʻa pinepine a 4 a i ʻole 5 mau huaʻai.
Lio lio
Hoʻohālike ʻia ka lio ʻikea ʻole e ka pua o ka nahele, akā ʻokoʻa ka ʻokoʻa me ka waihoʻi o ka plumage. ʻO ke kala o ke kua i hope ke aniani-brown; ke kūʻē nei i kēia ʻano, ʻike ʻia nā ʻāpana kūloko a me nā kala. Nā lainaʻeleʻele ma ka umauma a me nā ʻaoʻao. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ia i nā lau me ka leki Siberian me kahi puʻupuʻu pōkole o nā manamana hope. ʻAno kaʻai i nā meaʻai - ke komo ʻana i nā iniseti, mauʻu, nā hua kanu. I ka pūnāwai a me ke kauwela, ʻike ʻia nā skates i ʻike ʻia i nā nahele ākea a me nā kuahiwi, a noho i nā kahawai wai. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia iā lākou ma nā ʻiwa mūkini a ma nā mauna tundra. Na ka hoʻoilo, lele kēia mau skates i ka hema-komohana o Iapana, i India a me Ceylon. I kēia manawa o ka makahiki e ʻike ʻia ai lākou ma Myanmar, ma ke kūkulu hema o Kina a me Indochina. Ua like ke mele me kahi lio o ka nahele, akā ke kani nui nei.
Ma Lūkia, ʻo ka laulā mai nā Pechora a me Tomsk i ka hikina a hiki i ka mokupuni ʻo Kuril a me nā Kīlena Komana. Eʻaila - kahi wī ma ka ʻāina ma lalo o ka uhi o ka mauʻu a me nā pōhaku, ma ka iho mai ka 3 a 5 mau huaʻala ʻeleʻele.