ʻO ka bream ka mea iʻike nui ʻia i ka lawaiʻa o nā lawaiʻa. Hiki iā ia ke hopu ʻia i nā manawa like ʻole o ka makahiki, a ʻo kēia ka mea e ʻoi ai ka lawaiʻa bream i mea hoihoi ʻia. ʻAʻohe pono e kamaʻilio e pili ana i nā hiʻohiʻona o ka ʻiʻo bream.

ʻO nā cyprinids a pau, ʻo ia ka mea momona loa. A ʻiala ʻole ʻia ka palaoa i kā ʻia ʻia ʻole like ʻole o nā iʻa wai āpau.

ʻO keʻano

ʻO ka bream ka hoʻokahi wale nō o ka hua bream mai ka ʻohana kumuhana. He kino ke kino o ka bream, ma hope, me nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi, me kahi make anal lōʻihi, kahi mai 24 a 30 mau mele i branched.

ʻO ka lau Caudal me kahi puʻupuʻu haʻahaʻa lōʻihi. Ua liʻiliʻi nā poʻo a me nā maka o ka bream, he mauʻuhele ka waha. Paele ʻia ka pili kino o ke kino, he ʻula ka ʻaoʻao o ka ventral, a he hina ke kua, aʻo nā pectoral, ventral, a me nā fins wai i kekahi manawa he mau ka ʻulaʻula.

Hiki ke loli ka ʻāpana me ka noho ʻana, me nā makahiki he mau ʻeleʻele.

Kūpono ka leʻa o ka bream i nā hiʻohiʻona o nā kaila: i kekahi - nā ʻaoʻao o kona pale ʻoniʻoni-ʻulaʻula, i loko o kekahi - nā silvery-yellowish. He poʻomaka hina nā polipono, pōkole a pōkole ke kīpaha dorsal, a lōʻihi a olakino hoʻi nā paʻi mua.

ʻAʻole nā ​​loko iʻa wai piha kahi i ke kino kiʻekiʻe e like me ka bream. ʻO nā husters wale nō a hapa like nā maka keʻokeʻo, ʻaʻole like lākou, akā, ʻaʻole lākou i hiki i ke kaumaha nui.

Ka Hulu - iʻa ʻili. ^ E Ha yM. Mālama nui ia i nā larva wai, nā ʻano like ʻole, akā ma ka nui o nā koko, ʻaʻole hoʻi e hoʻowahāwahā i nā ʻōpio ʻōpiopio.

ʻO ke hoʻonohonoho o ka waha o ka bream e hiki iā ia ke huki i kona mau lehelehe i loko o kahi pahu i hoʻokahi mau kenimika lōʻihi. Hāʻawi kēia iā ia i ka manawa kūpono e loaʻa ai ka meaʻai mai ka maluhilihi mai ka hohonu o 5 a 6 cm. Hoʻakeʻa i kona mau lehelehe, kauʻo ia i kahi wai wai, a laila e hoʻolei i loko o kahi i hoʻolilo ʻia me kahi kahawai ikaika, ʻauʻau ʻana, a laila e ʻohi i ka huina mai ka lohi.

ʻO ka māhele a me ka wahi noho o ka bream

Noho ka bream i nā kīʻaha o ka Baltic, ʻEleʻele, Caspian a me North Sea. Hiki ke loaʻa ma nā loko he nui o Karelia, ke Komohana-Komohana a me nā ʻāpana ʻĀpilikia o Rusia. ʻIke pinepine i nā kino wai o nā ʻāina CIS.

I loko o nā loko o nā Urals a me Western Siberia, ua mare i ka hana. Loaʻa ia ma Iset a me Tobol. Mai pale aku i ka wai moana.

I ke ʻākau, hiki ke kīpī i ke awāwa o ke Kai Keokeʻo a me ka ʻaoʻao hikina o ke Kai Barents (Pechora River), hoʻonui ʻia i nā wai wai o Siberia (Lake Ubinskoe, River Ob), ʻo Kazakhstan (Lake Balkhash a me nā mea'ē aʻe).

Lūlima ka bream i ka wai mahana me kahi pākuʻi-one a me ka pākolo palolo a no laila ke ʻano maʻamau i nā kahe wai, ma nā loko. Ma ka palena o ka Dnieper, Don, Volga a me ka ʻāpana ʻākau o ke Kai Aral, puka nā ʻano bream i nā ʻano ʻelua - noho a me ka semi-aisle.

ʻAi ʻia nā ʻano Semi-hānai i ke kai, a no ka ulu ʻana i ke kahawai. Nui ka lehulehu o nā pua o Don a me Aral. I Delal Sea Delta aia kahi kolu o kahi ʻano - breed ream bream, aia nō hoʻi ma ka Ili River Delta.

ʻO ka pinepine e hōʻuluʻulu i nā holoholona nui. Aloha ʻo ia i nā wahi me ka manawa nawaliwali, kū i loko o nā lua hohonu, backunders, nā holoi holoi kokoke i nā kahe umeke, kokoke i nā puʻu lā a i ʻole nā ​​hakahaka o nā pōhaku, etc.

Nui nā ʻai ʻana o ka iʻa i hōʻiliʻili ma luna o nā kumukui a me nā lakua. Hoʻokaʻawale kēia mau wahi i ka bream ma muli o ka nele o nā kaha ikaika, hohonu a me nā blockages o nā ʻōpū, maʻamau e paʻa ʻia e nā kāmena. Makemake ka bream i kahi pālolo i uhi ʻia i ka silt.

I loko o nā loko, nā loko a me nā waihona wai i mālama ʻia ma kahi mamao mai ke kapakai. Loaʻa ʻia ka bream liʻiliʻi ma waena o nā pale wai.

ʻO ka bream, e hōʻike ana i ka angler i kāna wahi kaʻa, e pāʻani ana i ka wai wai i ke kakahiaka a me ke ahiahi. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO kāna ʻano pāʻani. The bream without noise and splash will show its dorsal fin, expose it from the water, and, as if tumbling, will into into the deep, left behind a diverging circuit on the surface.

ʻO ka pāʻani pinepine ai ʻo ia ma ke anuanu o ka manawa. Ma kahi kokoke i nā "melt" pono e hānai ʻia a hopu ʻia. Inā hoʻokani ka bream, a ma hope o ka hana maʻamau.

Ma hope o nā ua nui ke kauwela ikaika, ka bream, i ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai, hiki ke kokoke mai i nā kaʻe wai. ʻAi ʻo ia i ka pō ma ka pō, ke hele nei mai nā lua a i nāʻu.

ʻĀnō a me ka nui

Ke ulu wikiwiki nei ka uō. ʻO ka lōʻihi o nā pahuhopu i noho he 10 a 13 mau makahiki ka 75 cm, paona 8 kg a i ʻole. I ka manawa pinepine, ʻo ka iʻa i kaupaona ʻana o 1.5 - 2.5 kg i mau ʻia no kēlā me ka lāʻau lawaiʻa. Aia nā ʻōpala liʻiliʻi i kapa ʻia he scammers.

Ma nā lālā hema e ulu wikiwiki ana, a hiki i ka wā akele i ka 3-4 mau makahiki, me ka lōʻihi o 25 cm. Ma nā loko o ke kūkulu ʻākau a me nā puna wai hoʻi e ulu maikaʻi ʻana i ka ulu ʻana ma 5-8 mau makahiki, me ka lōʻihi o 30 cm a keu paha, ulu ka ʻōpala puaʻa i 3 mau makahiki, me ka lōʻihi 12-15 cm.

Ka noho kino ʻana

ʻO ka iʻa nui a me ka iʻa kula ʻo Bream kahi mea waiwai nui kūlohelohe. Noho ka nui o ka bream i loko o nā loko a me nā hale noho wai, ma nā kahe i hiki ke loaʻa i ke paona ma mua o 4 kg. ʻAi ʻia ma ʻaneʻi i nā hohonu hohonu loa, i uhi ʻia i ka ulaula a me nā manu ʻole o ka algae.

Hoʻomaka ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka ulu ʻana o ka bream me ka pua aʻe o nā lau willow, i kekahi manawa me kona ulu ʻana, a hoʻopau i ka pua o nā māla. Ma hope o ke spawning, hānai lākou i nā wahi spawning, ʻai pinepine i ka pike a me nā caviar.

Hoʻomaka ka male ʻana i ka wai ma ka mahana i ka wai o 12-16 ° C, i ka hopena o ʻApelila - i Mei ma ka hema, i ka hopena o Mei - i Iune ma ka ʻākau.

Hopu ka semi-aisle mai ke kai no ka lele ʻana i nā wai a waiho i nā hua i ka wai kahe waipuna hou o nā mea i kapa ʻia ʻo ka Don i kapa ʻia, ka mauʻu ma Volga.

ʻAi ʻia ka male kāne ma mua o nā wahine, a me nā iʻa liʻiliʻi aʻe i nā mākeke spawning, me ke ʻano he kānāwai, he kāne, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka ʻike ʻia ʻana o ka "pearl rash" ma ke poʻo a me nā ʻaoʻao o ke kino.

Hoʻopili ʻia ka hāmaki ʻana me ka hii nui ʻana, maʻamau ma ka wanaʻao i ka wai pāpaku ma waena o nā mākele o lalo o nā wai a i ʻole nā ​​wai i kanu ʻia. Pīho hou ʻia ʻo Bream mai loko o ka wai a hāʻule pū i lalo i ka wai, lohe ʻia ke kani ʻana o ka peʻa ʻana ma kahi lōʻihi loa.

ʻO kēia lawaiʻa i loko o ka wai ("laina lawaiʻa" a "la-skanje") ke kumu o ka inoa ʻo ka iʻa "bream" a i ʻole "lash" (a ma Slovakia - "splashing"). Hoʻomaka ka hoʻopau ʻana ʻana, hoʻopau pinepine ʻia i hoʻokahi lā, mai kakahiaka a awakea.

Ma nā kīʻaha o nā Baltic, Caspian, Azov, Black Seas, ka ola a me ka migratory spam i ka wā like, ʻo ka moana Aral i loko o nā kahe a Farhad i hōʻea i nā wahi.

Nā kuʻinikahi wahine, ma ka palena, 100-150 tausani huaole i hoʻopili ʻia i nā mea kanu. I loko o nā loko lehua me nā mōʻīwili liʻiliʻi, nā hale liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, nā māla liʻiliʻi, ka mea i hāpai ʻia i ka caviar, mālama ʻia.

I nā loko nui he nui nā ala o ka bream i kiko. Loaʻa nā ʻano like ʻole o nā ala like ʻole e hōʻike ana i ka pilina ma waena o ka manawa e hoʻokokoke ai ka bream i nā hanana a me nā mea koʻikoʻi, e like me nā laak-bream bream spawns i ka wā e hamama ana nā lau.

Ma hope o 3-6 mau lā, e pā ana ka huluhulu mai nā hua i kau ʻia.

Ma nā wahi kūhai o ke kai hema, hoʻomaʻemaʻe ka bream i nā crustaceans: mysids, cumaceans, a me nā mea kanu o ka bream Azov Sea, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka polychaeta. ʻO ka meaʻai o ka bream ma ke kai ʻo Aral kahi amphipods, chironomid larvae, mollusks.

I loko o nā loko, ʻai ka bream i nā ulanā o nā chironomids, nā lele kaddis a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, clam pī. I loko o nā loko a me nā kaena wai, kokoke nā manawa spam ka iʻa me nā iʻa ʻē aʻe, a no laila ua ʻike pinepine ʻia nā māla.

Nui ka loli o ka bream i loko o nā waihona kōʻai like a hilinaʻi nui loa i ka kūleʻa o ka puhi. ʻO kahi kūlana kūpono no ka mālama ʻana i ka bream i nā kai hema, he waikahe nui ia.

Ma hope o ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka kahe o nā kahawai o nā kai hema, ua hoʻemi nui ʻia nā wahi liʻiliʻi no ka bream.

No ka mālama ʻana i nā hua o ka bream i kahi kiʻekiʻe, ua hana ʻia nā pālaʻi nui i ulu ulu ʻana, hana ʻia ka hana e mālama i nā ʻoniʻuku mai nā wahi liʻiliʻi o ka mea i nalowale i ka pili me ka muliwai.

I loko o nā hale kūʻai, ua ʻike ʻia nā hanauna he nui o nā wā male i loko o nā makahiki mākū. E hōʻoia i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā hua puaa i loko o nā kaila, ua hoʻohana ʻia nā pā kuhi manu.

Hōʻailona kahi paʻa

Hoʻomaka ka kauwela kauwela o ka bream 10-15 mau lā ma hope o ke spawning a maikaʻi inā maikaʻi ke aloha ʻana i ka spawning, me ka ʻole o kaʻawale. ʻAʻole mau ka lōʻihi o kēia kūlohelohe, a hoʻopau i ʻelua pule.

Ka mea, ke huli nei ka bream i ia meaʻai no ka loaʻa ʻole o ka lawehala i nā lures kūpono. Me he mea hānai ʻo ia i ka algae, kāohi i nā meaʻai ʻē aʻe no ka manawa holoʻokoʻa a hiki i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka ulala i ke ʻano, ke kū nei kona piula a maloʻo a hiki i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka waiho ʻana o ka lau lau.

Kuhi pinepine ʻia kahi haki o ka bream i ka puna ma ke kauwela a me ke kauwela, akā ʻo ka lawaiʻa he mau mākaukau i ʻike ʻia he nui ka ʻā o ka iʻa i loko i ka wā mua.

ʻOiai ia no ka ʻohana o ka poʻe noho thermophilic o nā limahana, ʻo ka lawaiʻa ma laila ke hoʻomaka koke ʻana ma hope o ka hoʻoilo ʻana o ka hau ma waena a i ʻole paha ma ka hopena o ʻApelila, i ka wā i kū ai ke ea ma waena o ka ea ma kahi o 8-12 mau degere.

I kēia manawa, ʻaʻole ʻo ia e kumakaia i kāna ʻano, ʻaʻohe mea hemo a me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe ma luna o ka wai.

Nā lawaiʻa lawena no ka lawaiʻa bream

No ka lawaiʻa i ka pūnāwai, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka lawaiʻa lawaiʻa. Ke koho nei mākou i ka lāʻau lawaiʻa me ka lōʻihi o 4-5 mika, hiki ke lawe ʻia ka laina lawaiʻa ʻaʻole i ka nui loa, no ka mea ua palupalu ka wai, ke ana o ka laina o ka lawaiʻa he 0.16-0.20 mm. Manaʻo ʻia e lawe i ka papahele no ka lawaiʻa ma ke papa, ma lalo o ke kaupaona o 3-5 gram.

Hōʻailona kahi paʻa

No ka lawaiʻa bream maikaʻi, pono e ʻike ka lawaiʻa i kāna mau ʻano, mālama i ka hana i nā manawa like ʻole o ka makahiki, ʻano. ʻAi lākou i ka bream i nā wahi aloha, i koho ʻia mai ka wā ma mua o ke kahawai. Noho lohi lākou i ka lawaiʻa ʻana, hilahila iā lākou iho.

Ka ʻuʻina o ka heihei ma kahi lāʻau lawaiʻa e ʻokoʻa me ka ʻāʻī o nā iʻa ʻē aʻe, a ma mua o nā mea a pau, no ka mea, e like me ka ʻōlelo ʻana i ka lawaiʻa, e hoʻomāhuahua ʻo ia i ka ua a laila kau i loko o ka wai. Hoʻomaka kēia i ka manawa, i ka lawe ʻana i ka nozzle mai lalo, hoʻāla ka laka a hoʻomaka i ka honi ʻana, a laila hele ka ʻaoʻao.

Ke kau nei i ka papahele a i ʻole waiho ia i ka hohonu, pono ʻoe e hoʻomaʻemaʻe. Pono e hoʻokau i ka bream, ʻoiai ʻaʻole me ka mea ʻole, akā paʻa ka mea: paʻakikī kona mau lehelehe, maloʻo.

Ma ka manawa mua i ka wā i hopu ai i ka palaki nui, ke ʻike ʻia nei ua paʻa ka pōkole i ka pona, akā hoʻi koke ka haki ʻana, ma hope o ka palaualelo ʻana, hele i uka ʻole me ke kū ʻole, e kū mai ana i ka wai, ka lawe ʻana i ka ea, aneane kū ʻole ia.

E aho e huki i ka bream me kahi mea huki a hoʻokaki paha, a hiki i ka ʻike hou ʻana.

Akā e hopu ai i kahi palaʻa, pono ʻoe e hānai iā ia. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO ka maunu maikaʻi loa no ka bream he mau maggots liʻiliʻi, nā huaʻa wai hou a me nā keke hemp, a me ka meaʻai palaoa. Pono e waiho ʻia ka maunu ma mua o ka lawaiʻa ʻana.

I ka wā lawaiʻa kaʻawale mai kahi waʻa, mai kāka, kahi ʻai nui e kau ʻia i ka wai i loko o kahi kolob a i ʻole ma ka mea hānai i kahi mamao o 3-4 m mai ka moku, a ma kahi wahi liʻiliʻi aʻe, ʻo ia hoʻi, e hānai lākou i ka iʻa i ka wā lawaiʻa.

ʻAʻole pono ka nui o ka hānai i ka ʻai, ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana i ka porridge, iʻa a i ʻole nā ​​mea ʻū aʻa, ua pau ʻo ia i ka makemake nui i nā punahele ʻono a hoʻi i kāna lua.

Hele ka peʻa no kahi moe ma ke ahiahi a hoʻokokoke aku i ka maunu i kekahi mau lā o ka lā. I nā pōkole māmā o ka mahina, hiki ke loaʻa ka bream i ka harness inā ʻike ka loko ka i ka wai. I ka pō, ʻike pinepine ʻia ka bream ma lalo o nā moʻo.

ʻO ka manawa no ka hopu ʻana i ka bream i ka lā e hilinaʻi i nā kūlana he nui. ʻO ka mea wale nō ke ʻike a me ka nānā ʻana o ka lawaiʻa e haʻi iā ia i ka wā e puka ai ka bream i ka mea ʻai a me ka wā e hele ai i ka lawaiʻa.

ʻO nā lā ʻoluʻolu maikaʻi loa no ka lawaiʻa bream he mau lā mahana me ka makani hema hema a i ʻole hema hema. Hoʻopilikia, hala ka ua ʻana ʻaʻole i hana ʻino i ka lawaiʻa. Ma mua o kahi ʻino a me ke anu anuanu a me kahi makani hau ʻākau, ʻaʻole pono nā mea palaʻai e hānai.

Nui nā ala i ka lawaiʻa ʻana no ka bream i ke kauwela: no ka lāʻau lawaiʻa kauwela, no mormyshka, no ka wiring, no ka donka. No ke hopu ʻana i kahi bream, ʻo ke koʻokoʻo ke lōʻihi, kūpono a paʻa ʻole: hoʻāʻā kaomi o nā anglers i kahi ʻōmaʻomaʻo uliuli.

Lawe lākou i kahi koʻokoʻo lōʻihi e hoʻolei hou i ka nozzle, no ka mea he iʻa nui ka bream a ʻaʻole kūpono ia i ka hohonu pāpū e kokoke ana i ke kapakai a i ka waʻa paha.

ʻO kahi laina lawaiʻa me ka diameter o 0.2 - 0.3 mm i paʻi ʻia i ke kūmole i ke kala o ka lepo. Lawe ka papahele i kahi ʻano elongated, ʻoi aku ka hulu hulu.

ʻO ke kaupaona ma ka laina lawaiʻa no ka bream i kau ʻia i 3-4 cm mai ka kaula, ʻoiai ka mamao loa o ka paona mai ka hookā, ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻike ka huha o ka heihei. Hook helu 7 - 8.5, koi.

Kāhea wau i nā poʻe a pau e ʻōlelo i loko Hoike. ^ E Ha yM. Aloha au a hoʻokipa me ka hoʻohewa a me ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka ʻike. Ma nā ʻōlelo maikaʻi e mālama ana wau i ka loulou i ka pūnaewele mea kākau!

A mai poina e poina, e ʻoluʻolu e kaomi i nā pihi o nā ʻoihana pūnaewele, aia i lalo o ke kaomi o kēlā me kēia ʻaoʻao o ka pūnaewele.
Ke hoʻomau I aneane ...

Kāleka

He kiʻekiʻe ke kino, ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe e pili ana i kahi hapakolu o ka loa o ke kino. He liʻiliʻi ka poʻo a me ka waha. E hoʻopau ka waha me kahi waiʻauʻau e hiki ke hoʻonui. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka dorsal ka lōʻihi a pōkole me nā kākiko ʻekolu, paʻa a ʻaʻole i nā wāwae 80 a me nā ʻāpana ikaika. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka fin anal me ʻekolu mau manamana a me ka 22-25 pulu maloʻo, e hoʻomaka ana ma waho o ka pihi o ka pihi o ka waihona o ka hope dorsal. Ma waena o nā loina ventral a me ka paukū anal i loaʻa kahi keaka i wehe ʻole ʻia. ʻO nā niho Pharyngeal hoʻokahi laina, ʻelima ma kēlā me kēia ʻaoʻao.

ʻO ka bream ʻo ka pākeke he hina hina a ʻulaʻula paha, nā ʻāpana kālā-ʻulaʻula, ka ʻeleʻele melemele, hina hina nā pōpoki āpau me nā kihi ʻeleʻele. I nā kanaka'ōpiopio, he kala ke kala.

ʻO ka loa ka loa o ke kino he 82 cm, ʻo ka nui ka 6 kg, a ʻo ka lōʻihi ka nui o ke ola he 23 mau makahiki.

Ke noho maʻamau

Mālama ʻia ka bream i nā pūʻulu, ʻoi loa ma nā wahi hohonu i ulu nui ʻia me nā mea kanu. Ka meaʻala a nani hoʻi.

He kūpono loa ke ʻano o ka convex o ka waha no ka loaʻa ʻana o ka ʻai i loko o ka siliki palupalu. Hoʻokomo ʻo nā ʻōpoki ma zooplankton. ʻO ka pīpī, ke hiki ke lōʻihi o 30 mm, e hoʻohuli i ka hānai ʻana i nā kekolē. Mālama ʻo ia i nā lario o nā pepeke, nā mea hōʻima, ka lawaiʻa a me ka snails. Hiki iā ia ke ʻai i ke algae.

Hiki i ka Bream ke hōʻuluʻulu i nā holoholona nui, keu loa i nā loko nui a i ʻole ma nā kaha ikaika. Hoʻopili kēia mau holoholona i nā ʻāpana o lalo o nā kaola wai ʻole me ke ʻūnū a neʻe nui loa i ka neʻe, a waiho ma hope o nā alahele i hānai ʻia. Maʻalahi kēlā mau neʻe e ʻike ʻia e nā popa peke a ka pop-up pop i hoʻokuʻu ʻia i ka wā i haki ʻia ka pūpū o ka bream "flip" mahele ʻāpana o ka lalo.

Hōʻalo ka hoʻoilo ma nā wahi hohonu. E noho ana ma nā waha o ka Volga ʻāpana hālau ma ke kai, komo i loko o ka muliwai.

ʻAno hānau

Kūpono ka lā pahū i ka wā maʻi ma ka makahiki 3 a hiki i ka 4 mau makahiki. Hoʻokomo pinepine ka spawning i nā pua pipi, i nā pā pāpono, a hele nui me ka pu nui ʻana. ʻO ke kāne no kēia manawa o ke kino i hana i nā ʻōmula umauma liʻiliʻi nui a ʻulaʻula, keʻokeʻo mua, a laila ʻeleʻele. ʻO ka hoʻolimalima ʻana i ka manawa ma ka waena a ma waena o Rūsia ma mua o nā lā mua o Mei, ma ka hema mai ke kau waena o ʻApelila. Ke hoʻomaka nei ka papa o ka bream a i ka Volga mai ke kai ʻana i Pepeluali ma lalo o ka hau, a ʻo ka papa papaʻa ka mea e kokoke ana i ka waena o ʻApelila. ʻO Fertility mai 92 a 338 tausani mau hua. ʻO ka mahana ma waena o ka pae wela loa he 21 ° C. I ka wā spawning, pili nā kāne i nā wahi i hānau ai nā wahine. ʻO ka hatch ʻoi pākī ma hope o 3 a 12 mau lā a kau ʻia i nā mea kanu me ka mea huna pilikino. Ke hoʻomau nei lākou a hiki i ke hoʻohana ʻia i ka yolk.

Kahele

Loaʻa ka bream ma Central a me ʻEulopa i loko o nā kīʻaha o ke North, Baltic, Caspian, Black a me Azov Seas), acclimatized i Siberia i nā kīʻaha o nā kahawai ʻo Ob, Irtysh a Yenisei. I nā makahiki 1930, hoʻokomo ʻia i nā Trans-Ural Lakes. Aia ma ke kai Aral, ma ka Lake Balkhash a me Syr Darya lalo. Ma ka ʻAkau Kaukau a i ka hema o ke kikowaena o ka mua USSR ʻaʻole ia. Ma Northern Dvina, ʻaʻole nui a kuhi ʻia paha ma waena o nā ʻaoʻao mai ka papahana Volga. Ma Transcaucasia, loaʻa wale nō ma nā wahi liʻiliʻi (kokoke i Lankaran a me ka loko ʻo Paleostomi, a me ka Mingachevir reservoir). Noho ia ma nā loko, loko, nā muliwai, nā kaila a me nā wai aniani o Caspian, Aral a me Azov moana.

ʻO ka waiwai lawaiʻa

ʻO ke kumukūʻai pāʻoihana waiwai. Ua hiki i ka hopu honua ma 62.9 tausani mau makahiki ma 1999. ʻO ka hopu nui loa ma USSR i ka hopena o ka makahiki 1930 he 120 tausani ʻona, a i ka hopena o ka 1990, ua loaʻa nā hopu kīʻaha mai 25 a 32 tausani tons.ʻO ka lawaiʻa nui i nā muliwai a me nā loko ka mea e lawe i nā kai a me nā ana ʻana, a i loko o ke kai e ka aihala paʻa a me nā ʻupena paʻa mau.

Kūʻai ʻia i ka ʻano maloʻo, ʻūhā, hou a me ka ʻano kalima. Hoʻohana ʻia nō hoʻi e hana i nā meaʻai a pau.

ʻO ka iʻa bream kekahi o kekahi ʻano

Kāhea - He haʻawina maikaʻi kēia no nā lawaiʻa ʻē aʻe, ua noho ia ma kahi hanohano i nā mākele hākinakina a me nā lawaiʻa lawaiʻa. ʻO ka nui o nā pākahi like ʻole o ka mea pākahi a me ka hiki ke hopu i ka bream i ka makahiki āpau e hana leʻaleʻa i ka lawaiʻa. Inā ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka ʻāina i kapa ʻia kēia ʻano iʻa me ka bream, a ma nā ʻaoʻao hema o Rusia e ʻike ʻia ai lākou he kilka a chebaki. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka ʻiʻo bream ma o kona palupalu, keʻono maikaʻi, ka nui o nā momona momona a noho ma kahi pono i ka ʻono.

ʻO ka kumu o ke ʻano a me ka wehewehe

ʻO kahi bream he manu monotopic, ʻo ia wale nō ke ʻano o nā ʻano ʻano lahi o ka bream mai kahi ʻohana nui o nā cyprinids. ʻO ka bream nā ka iʻa ʻalā, nā fossils kahiko nona ka manawa ʻekolu o ka Paleozoic, a ʻo kēia ma kahi o 400 miliona mau makahiki i hala.

Wikiō: Kaʻō

ʻOiai ke ʻano kūʻokoʻa o ka ʻōiwi, manaʻo nā ichthyologists i 16 mau ʻano iʻa i laila, akā ʻekolu wale nō mau ʻohana i koe a hiki i kēia lā:

ʻOkoʻa nā mea āpau a pau me kekahi i ko lākou nui. ʻOiai ka manaʻo o ka bream he mea hoʻokipa waiwai loa no nā lawaiʻa āpau, nui ka poʻe o lākou e kuhi hewa i ka bream ʻōpiopio no kahi ʻano iʻa hoʻokaʻawale a hāʻawi nō hoʻi i kahi inoa - scam. ʻO kēia no ka hopena o ka ulu ʻōpio i nā hiʻohiʻona ʻokoʻa ma mua o nā kanaka pākeke. I ka ichthyology, ʻaʻohe hua e like me ka scam. ʻO ka hapanui pinepine ka lawaiʻa i nā mea lawaiʻa ʻole i hoʻopulapula i ka bream ʻōpiopio me ka bream, no ka ʻohana o nā cyprinids a he mau ʻokoʻa wale nō kahi ʻē aʻe o ka undergrowth.

Mea ʻoi: Ke manaʻo nei kekahi poʻe he bony ka pala, a he maloʻo wale nō, akā pili kēia i nā holoholona ʻōpio, a ʻo ka ʻai ʻōpio ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia ka momona o ka beluga a hiki ke loaʻa i ka 9 pakeneka o ka momona olakino.

ʻAuhea e noho ai ka bream?

Hoʻi kiʻi: Bream ma Rusia

ʻO kēia ʻano o ka iʻa i noho nui i nā kahawai, loko, nā kaiāulu me kahi ʻāpana kahiki a i ʻole ka silie. ʻO kā lākou kūlana kūlohelohe e uhi i nā kīʻaha o nā Black, Caspian, Azov, Baltic, Aral, Barents a me nā ʻauka keʻokeʻo.

I ka waha o nā kahawai nui e kahe ana i loko o kēia mau kai, he wahi semi-aisle o ka bream e noho i nā kahe no ka milo. Ma nā mauna kuahiwi kiʻekiʻe, nā loko o Kaukaapu, ʻaʻole e kū ia, a me nā ʻaoʻao hema o CIS. He ʻano maʻamau ka Bream no ka ʻĀkau a me ʻEulopa ʻĀkau, ʻAmelika Hikina, a me ʻAmelika ʻAmelika.

Makemake ka bream i nā kino wai kahi i loaʻa kahi haʻalū a nawaliwali paha. He mea maʻamau loa i nā luʻu, nā hohonu hohonu. Maʻalahi e hiki ke kokoke mai nā pākeke a kokoke i kahakai, e mālama ana i kahi mamao loa mai ke kahakai. Makemake nā ʻōpio i nā wai kahakai, kahi e peʻe ai lākou i nā palulu poloka. Pau ka hoʻoilo i ka hoʻoilo hohonu, a ʻo kekahi mau ʻano hele mai nā muliwai i ke kai.

ʻO ka mea hoihoi: hiki i ka lawaiʻa Bream i loko o ka makahiki āpau, ʻo ka manawa wale nō he manawa spawning wale. Loaʻa ia i ka wai ākea i ka wā mahana a mai ka hau i nā mahina hoʻoilo. Hoʻomaka ʻo Zhor i ka hoʻomaka o Iune a hiki i ka waena o ke kauwela, a hoʻomaka hou ma Sepatemaba. I nā manawa zhora, nā pecam pecam i kēlā me kēia manawa o ka lā.

ʻĀnō ʻike ʻoe i kahi i loaʻa ai ka iʻa bream. E nānā i kā kāna mea e ʻai ai.

He aha kā ka bream i ʻai ai?

Hiki i ka bream ke hānai pololei mai lalo o ka pahu waiwai ma muli o ke ʻano kūikawā o kona waha. Puhi maoli ka poʻe pākeke i ka pālolo a i ʻole ka palu i ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai, a i loko o kahi manawa pōkole loa, hiki i nā pua nui o ka bream ke hoʻopiha piha i nā wahi nui o ka pā. Hāʻawi ka neʻe o ka bream i ka hānai ʻana i ka nui o nā ʻōpū o ka lewa e piʻi ana i luna mai ka lalo.

No ka mea nāwaliwali o kēia iʻa nā niho pharyngeal, ʻo ka mea maʻamau kaʻai: nā ʻupehu, algae, nā kuʻekuʻe haʻahaʻa liʻiliʻi, nā kahe koko, nā snails a me nā hua o nā ʻano iʻa ʻē aʻe. I ka wā hānai, hoʻoneʻe ka bream i ka wai me ka meaʻai, a laila e hoʻopuʻi ʻia me ke kōkua ʻana o nā mea pōkole kūikawā. Hāʻawi ka hana ʻona ʻokoʻa i kēia kumuhana o ka ʻohana cyprinid i lilo i mau ʻano nui i loko o ka nohona kūlohelohe a hūnā i ka huaʻai, ke ʻohe a me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe iʻa.

I ka hoʻoilo, koʻikoʻi ma kāna hapa ʻelua, ʻaʻole hana ka bream, e ʻai nui a me ka nui. ʻO kēia no ka hemahema o ka oxygen a me nā haʻahaʻa wai haʻahaʻa, me ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻana o nā ʻano like ʻole o lalo o ka hau, a laila hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai.

ʻO ka mea hoihoi: ʻo ka bream makua, kahi i noho 10-15 makahiki, hiki ke loaʻa ka paona ma mua o 8 kg me ka lōʻihi o ke kino e pili ana i 75 kenimita. I nā wai mahana, kiʻekiʻe loa ka ulu o ka ulu ʻana ma mua o nā wai anuanu. Kuhi ʻia nei ʻaʻole e nui ka paona o nā mea e noho nei ma nā muliwai.

Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me nā ʻano hana

ʻO ke kiʻi: Kāhea i loko o ka wai

He ʻano ʻona ʻo Bream ka ʻākoakoa ʻana i nā hui nui. Ma ke poʻo o ka ʻohana mau nā kānaka pākeke nui e hoʻonohonoho i ka neʻe. I ka manawa mahana, ʻo nā pipi o nā iʻa i nā wahi me ka wai palupalu a i ʻole ka pahu wai paha e hānai pinepine. No ka mea, he mea hilahila a me ka makaʻala nui ka bream, he hohonu loa ia i ke ao, i ka pō he nui ka poʻe nui e holo nei no ka ʻono, a ʻo ia ka manawa i manaʻo ʻia ʻo ka maikaʻi loa no ka lawaiʻa ʻana.

Hoʻolilo lākou i ka manawa hoʻoilo a me ka hoʻoilo i ka lua hoʻoilo "ka hoʻoilo, a ke hoʻomaka ka lau ʻana o ka hau, hele ka bream i nā wahi o kāna hānai. Noho ka bream i kā lākou wahi hoʻoilo i ka manawa hoʻonohonoho. Noho nā kānaka nui a pau i nā wahi hohonu, ua kiʻekiʻe loa nā kuhi ʻoi liʻiliʻi a ma ka manawa like me ke ʻano ʻia o ka iʻa.

ʻIke ʻo Ichthyologists ʻaʻole i koho ʻia ka ʻoihana kūikawā o ka hoʻoilo ma ka manawa kūpono. Me kēia kauoha he kau ʻana, ʻo nā kaʻina metabolic i loko o ka ʻaiʻina o ka iʻa ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī ma mua o ka hoʻoilo wale nō, ʻo ia ka manaʻo ka palekana a me ka ikehu.

Ua hōʻike ʻia, ʻo nā ʻano o ka bream i hele ʻole i neʻe i loko o nā kino wai ʻē aʻe no ka hakilo a hānai ʻai ke ola a hiki i 30 mau makahiki. Loaʻa ka puka semi-bore i ke ola pōkole ʻelua mau manawa pōkole.

ʻO ka hoʻolālā ʻenehana a me ka hana hou

ʻO ke kiʻi: Kāhea i loko o ka wai

Aia i kahi kūlana, ʻoi aku ka moekolohe i loko o nā manawa like ʻole. I nā wahi mahana i nā makahiki 3-5, i loko o nā wai anuanu, hele a ka wā puberty ma 6-9 mau makahiki. Hoʻopilikia ka pōkoi i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hakakā ʻana: ma ka ʻaoʻao waena o ka'āina, hoʻomaka ka bream spawning i ka maka mua o Mei, i kekahi manawa ma Iune, ma ka hema ma ʻApelila, a ma ka ʻĀkaukau wale ia ma Iulai.

Me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o kahi manawa nui, hoʻololi nā kāne i kā lākou kala i kahi kala kala, a me nā pihi liʻiliʻi e like me nā kala liʻiliʻi i kū mai ma luna o ko lākou mau poʻo. Ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka ʻohana hipa no nā ʻāpana like e like me ka makahiki. ʻAʻole haʻalele koke ka ʻohana āpau no ka mokulele, akā ma nā pūʻulu ma hope o kekahi. Loaʻa kēlā me kēia puʻupuʻu mai 3 a 5 mau lā, e kū pono ana i nā kuʻuna o ka wā. No nā lōkōlima, koho nā wahi pāpō me nā mea kanu nui. He mea maʻalahi ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i nā poʻomanaʻo puaʻa - ko lākou pālahalaha, pākaha nui i ʻike pinepine ʻia ma luna o ka wai. Kūpono ʻole o ka palaʻai kaila a me ka manawa, hele ka spawning ma kahi o hoʻokahi mahina.

Hiki i kekahi pākeke ke waiho aku i 150 tausani hua manu ma ka manawa. Hoʻopili ʻia ka wahine i ka caviar melemele i ke algae, a ʻo nā mea ʻole e hoʻopili ʻia e kahe i ka ʻāina a ʻona ʻia e ka iʻa. Ma hope o nā lā 6-8, ʻike ʻia nā palu, a ma hope o kahi mahina ua ʻoki ʻia. Inā hāʻule ka mahana i lalo o 10 mau degere, a laila hiki ke nānā ʻia ka make nui o nā hua.

I ka wā mua, pipiʻi ʻōlima me nā ʻano ʻōpio ʻōpio ʻē aʻe me nā iʻa ʻōpio, a ma ka hopena o ke kauwela a hāʻule paha lākou e hāʻule i loko o nā kula nui. Ke nānā mau nei lākou i ka meaʻai a ma ʻehā mau mahina e ulu a ʻumi paha kenimika ma ka lōʻihi. Ma nā wahi helehele, e noho mau lākou a hiki i ka pūnāwai, a ʻo nā pākeke pākeke ma hope o ka pau ʻana o kahi kaʻina koʻikoʻi e hele i ka hohonu a, me ka maʻi, ua hoʻomaka hou e hānai.

ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe

ʻOi aku ka ola ʻoi ka pīpī ma ke hoʻomaka ʻana o ko lākou ola ʻana i ka ʻōpio ʻōpiopio o nā ʻano iʻa ʻē aʻe, ʻoiai lākou e like me ka ulu kiʻekiʻe a me ka ulu ʻana. Aia i ka makahiki mua a i ʻole ʻelua ma hope o ka hānau ʻana i nā ʻōpiopio keu loa a hiki ke ʻai ʻia e nā poʻe predator he nui, e like me ka pikes. I ka manawa ʻekolu mau makahiki ʻekolu, ʻaʻole lākou i hoʻoweliweli ʻia e kekahi mea, akā hiki i ka iʻa a me nā mea nui o ka pikes i lalo ke kūleʻa i ka puʻupuʻu pakeke.

Hoʻopili i kekahi o nā iʻa iʻa, hoʻoweliweli ʻia kēia ʻano ʻano ʻokoʻa e kekahi mau ʻano o nā alapine, e noho nui ana ka nui o nā kino o ka bream. Komo lākou i ka wai me nā manu keu manu like ʻole e ʻai ana i ka iʻa, a laila, pū me ka meaʻai, ʻike lākou iā lākou iho i loko o ka bream. Ke hoʻomau nei i loko o nā ʻōpū o ka iʻa, nā parasit i hiki ke make i nā pākeke ikaika.

Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia ka iʻa iā lākou i nā mahina o ke kauwela, i ka wā e hoʻomehana maikaʻi ʻia ai ka wai i loko o ka hale kō. Ka weliweli loa ʻo ka paʻakai a me kahi maʻi piʻa o nā make - bronchodiosis. Hū ʻia nā mea maʻi palupalu, nāwaliwali i ka ʻai maʻamau a lilo i mea pio o nā ʻōpū o nā loko. ʻOiai ke hana ʻino ʻia e nā maʻi parasit, ʻaʻole lākou i ka hopena nui i ka nui o kēia ʻelele o ka ʻohana cyprinid.

Ke ʻano o ka noho ʻana a me nā ʻano

Whakaahua: Bream maʻamau

Hiki i ka nui o ke ʻano o ka bream ke ʻano nui o ka pae ʻana o ka kūleʻa o ka spawning. ʻO ke kūlana nui no ka lawaiʻa ʻana o ke kahe wai nui. ʻO kēia manawa, ua emi ka nui o ka nui o nā pūnaewele kūlohelohe no ka haki, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻopilikia i ka ulu ʻana o ka nui o kēia mau ʻano.

Akā ma muli o ka fecundity kiʻekiʻe loa a me ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā holoholona ʻōpio, ka helu liʻiliʻi o nā ʻenemi i loko o ka hale kūlohelohe, ka lehulehu o ka lehulehu o nā mea kūʻokoʻa o ka ʻano bream, ʻaʻohe mea hoʻoweliweli a paʻa ka kūlana. ʻO kaʻili Black Amur wale nō, kahi i kākau inoa ʻia ma ka Red Book o Russia, he pilikia.

ʻO ka lawaiʻa bream i kēia manawa. Hoʻokomo ʻia ia wale nō i loko o ka pūnāwai, i ka wā o ka ʻōʻō. Ke hoʻolako nei nā rula lawaiʻa i kahi hoʻohana hou ʻia o ka nui o ka lehulehu bream. I mea e mālama ai i nā ʻoihana ʻai o ka lawaiʻa, ua hana ʻia nā lawaiʻa kūwaho kūikawā, kahi e hana ʻia ai nā kaʻina hana e hoʻopakele ai i nā kuʻi ʻōpio mai nā waʻa pāpaku ma hope o ka haki ʻana i nā kahawai nui. No ka hana pono o ka spawning maikaʻi, ua hoʻohana ʻia nā pā kihi manu.

Ka mea hoihoi: ʻO ka bream he iʻa maluhia a he manawa wale nō ke hōʻike i nā ʻano kuhi, hoʻohālikelike i nā mea kikoʻī a me nā lures, no laila ʻo ka lawaiʻa me ke koʻokoʻo huila ʻaʻole ia e lawe mai i nā hopena.

ʻO ka palekana Bream

Kuhi: He aha ke ʻano o ka bream?

Inā ʻaʻole ka manaʻo o ka lehulehu o ka bream maʻamau i ka hopohopo ma waena o nā loea, a laila aia ka Amur black bream ma ka palena o kahi i hoʻopau ʻia a kākau ʻia i loko o ka Red Book of Russia. I ko mākou ʻāina, e noho ana ʻo ia ma nā wahi liʻiliʻi he nui wale nō ma ka ʻāpana ʻo Amur. I kēia manawa, ʻike ʻole ka nui o ia mea, akā he mea maʻamau loa ia i ka lawaiʻa ʻana i nā ʻano ʻē aʻe. Iō ʻia e lilo ka male ʻana i male a maikaʻi loa i ka male ʻana ma o ka makahiki 7-8 a ola ʻoi aʻe he 10 mau makahiki.

ʻO nā kumu nui no ka kaohi ʻana o ka nui o ke kīʻaha ʻeleʻele.

• ka hopu hewa ana ma kahi o ka laha nui o na wahi e noho ana ma ka aoao Kina o Amur,
• ala kūpono ʻole i ka lōkō ʻana ma muli o ka wai haʻahaʻa o ka muliwai ʻo Amur.

Mai ka makahiki o nā kenekulia ʻokoʻa o ka makahiki i hala, ua ʻae ʻia ka lawaiʻa ʻana i kēia ʻano puaʻa i ka ʻāina Lūkia, ka mālama ʻia i loko o kekahi mau mea kūlohelohe. E hoʻihoʻi i ka lehulehu, pono ia e hoʻopuka i nā hana ma nā kūlana kūlohelohe, cryopreservation of genomes.

ʻO ka manaʻo hoihoi: inā ma ko mākou'āina, ʻo ka mauʻu ʻōpala he endangered spesies me kahi noho liʻiliʻi loa, a laila ma Kina he mea lawaiʻa ia. Ma muli o kāna kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe, ua māiau ka lōʻihi i ke ʻano he "iʻa i ka home": ulu ka ʻōpio ʻōpiopio mai nā kino wai kūlohelohe i nā loko wai.

Kāhea He mea kaulana ia ʻaʻole ma waena o nā lawaiʻa wale nō, akā ma waena o nā gourmets - nā mea aloha iʻa, no ka mea momona, ʻoi aku ka momona a me ka momona i nā momona maikaʻi. Inā makemake ʻia, hiki ke bred i nā pā i loko o ka wai i loko o kā lākou hale liʻiliʻi, e hāʻawi ana i kā lākou ʻohana me kahi ʻano maʻamau o nā huahana pono.

ʻO ka hana a me ka meaʻai o ka pono

Makemake ka bream e noho i loko o nā loko wai i hoʻomoʻi ʻia, ka lalo haʻahaʻa o nā muliwai, ke au wai, a hiki ke noho i loko o ka wai paʻakai. E makemake ka iʻa i ka lawaiʻa kokoke i ke kahakai i ka lā, akā e lele ana i ka lā i ke ʻimi no ka ʻai. I ka pō, ʻauʻau bream i nā wahi hohonu o ka waihona kālā. Noho ka iʻa i kēia mau pūʻulu liʻiliʻi.

ʻO ka waha o ka bream ka liʻiliʻi a me ka tubular, akā ma muli o kona hoʻomakeke ʻia, hiki i ka iʻa ke ʻai i ka gastropods a me nā bivalves, nā wīwī, nā kolo, a me nā mea kanu. Inā ʻaʻole lawa ka meaʻai, ua mākaʻi ke kua o ka iʻa kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole hoʻi i ka iʻa.

ʻO ke kino o ka bream he pālahalaha ʻano.

Pāono a me ka pono ola

Hana ʻia ka male ʻana o nā kāne i loko o nā kāne he ʻehā, i nā makahiki ʻehā paha o hope.

Hoʻomaka ka ulu liʻiliʻi ʻana i ka ulu manu ma ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka pūnāwai a me ka haki. ʻO ka pā wai e pono ai no ka hakilo ʻana he 11-17 mau kekelē. Ua ʻike nā poʻe loea i ka piʻi ʻana o ka mahana o ka wai ma ka loko i loko o 22 mau kekona, a me ke kaʻe ʻana i nā ʻāpana he 9, hiki ke alakaʻi i nā ʻano hana like ʻole i ke kō.

Hoʻopili ʻia nā males i ka spawning me ka nui o nā pākī liʻiliʻi, a ua loli ka ʻāpana o nā unahi i ke keʻokeʻo, a laila, ʻ amber. Pahu aku ka bream ma kahi o ke kahakai, a ma hope iho o ka kahala ʻana i nā lau no nā wahi hohonu. Hōʻalo kēia mau iʻa i nā kula holoʻokoʻa a kani nui ka leo. Lā ʻia ka lāʻau caviar holoi ʻia i nā kumu a me nā aʻa o nā mea kanu a me nā ʻala ma waena o 5-9 mau lā. Wahi a nā poʻe loea, hiki i kahi iʻa wahine ma kēia ʻano ke kau aku i nā huahe 100-300 tausani.

He koʻikoʻi loa nā wīwī wahine.

He ʻalā lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o ka Bream. Hiki i nā luna o kēia ʻano ke ola i 20 mau makahiki.

Nā lawaiʻa

He loiloi waiwai waiwai ʻo Bream me nā lawaiʻa. Hiki ke hoʻomākaukau ʻia nā kīʻaha he nui mai ka bream: ua hoʻolapalapa, inu, maloʻo a ʻāpala.

He hilahila a mālama pono ka bream. I mea e lau ai ka lawaiʻa maikaʻi, hānai ʻia ka bream i ka lā ma mua o ka lawaiʻa ʻana, ʻo ia hoʻi ke kiko pololei inā ka lawaiʻa. Kaʻō maikaʻi i ka huluhulu ma luna o nā larvae, keʻokeʻo, ka palaoa a me nā koikoi lepo, nā maggots, a me ka lures o ka mea kanu: nā pasta, ka palaoa, ka uala, ka uala, ka ʻili, ka palaoa a me ka cereals steamed.

ʻO ka lawaiʻa ʻana ma ka bream kahi hana hoihoi.

E mālama pono i ka umu, no laila i ka lawaiʻa ʻana i kēia iʻa e pono ai ʻoe e makaʻala. Pono e ana ke ana i ka hohonu ma kēlā me kēia wahi lawaiʻa, ʻo ka mea, ʻo ka pōmaikaʻi ma muli o ke kikoʻī pololei i ka hohonu.

Ke hoʻopili nei, e kahe o ka papahele, akā i kahi kūlana. Inā lawe ka iʻa ma ka maunu, a laila pākī koke iā ia, a laila pono ʻoe e hele i kahi o ka iʻa i neʻe ai ka iʻa i ka hiki. Ke hoʻokau nei, pono ʻoe e hana wikiwiki: e hōʻuluʻulu i ka pale mai lalo a haʻalele mai kēia wahi nei i ʻike ʻole ʻia kona hopena i ke koena o ka iʻa.

Inā loaʻa ʻoe i kahi hala, e koho i kahi ʻāpana a me ka paʻi Ctrl + Kākau.

Nā mākaʻikaʻi

ʻO ka scavenger ka bream liʻiliʻi, ʻo ia wale nō nā ʻano o nā ʻano nui e pili ana i kahi ʻohana nui o nā cyprinids. Mea waiwai nui a me ka kaulana i waena o nā lawaiʻa. ʻO ka ʻai momona, ka nui, ka hana i kēlā me kēia makahiki a puni, a me ka hōʻuluʻulu nui ʻana i nā waihona wai he nui, he aha ka mea e makemake hou ai ka poʻe aloha i ka iʻa?

E like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma mua, he like ke kī like ʻana, akā i ka manawa mua o ke ola. ʻAʻole ʻike ʻia nā ʻokoʻa maikaʻi i ke ola, meaʻai, a me ka helehelena, inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e noʻonoʻo i kekahi mau hōʻailona e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā ʻōpiopio. Ma ke koena - ke kumu o ke kino, kahi o ka waha, nā niho a me nā ʻōpū, ua like nā mea ʻāʻī me kona makua.

ʻO ka wehewehe ʻana i ka iʻa lawaiʻa

I waho, he kiko ʻo ia ka ʻikepili. Hoʻohālikelike koke ʻia ke ʻano o kona kino.ʻO ia, ʻoiai he nui, hoʻomāloli ʻia mai nā ʻaoʻao. Inā lawe ʻia nā ana ʻana, a laila ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe mai ka ʻōpū a hiki i ke kālā kiʻekiʻe aʻe e pili ana i kahi hapakolu o ka lōʻihi o ke kino. ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona ʻano mua o ka mea kaʻi o ka scavenger kahi i ʻike ʻole ʻia o kahi hioloke i ʻike ʻia, a loaʻa i kēia ʻano i ke ola o ke ola. ʻO nā kapala o kēia ʻano, he nui, dorsal - kiʻekiʻe, anal - lōʻihi. ʻO ka lōʻihi ka caudal ka lōʻihi, hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i luna a lalo, a ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o nā hulu o lalo.

Kuku iki ʻia ke poʻo no kēlā kanaka nunui. Akā i ka manawa like, ua kūleʻe kona waha a me nā maka. Ke holomua nei ka waha, e ʻae iā ʻoe e hopu i ka meaʻai, ʻaʻole ka mea nui. Hoʻonui ʻia nā lehelehe e ʻoi aku ma kahi o ka centimeter e huki iā ʻoe i ka meaʻai mai loko mai o ka luhi, a i kou hōʻiliʻili ʻana i ka wai i loko o kou waha, e kāwili ʻia ka iʻa ma ke kahawai i ka ʻimi ʻana i ka ʻai. He ʻelima mau niho pharyngeal ma kēlā me kēia ʻaoʻao, aia lākou i ka lālani hoʻokahi.

ʻO ke kala, hilinaʻi ia i ʻelua mau kumu. ʻO ka mea mua he ola ola. He ʻaluna a pāpaʻi kala paha nā mea noi ʻo ia, a me nā makahiki he uliuli, e lilo ana i ka brown, ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kala gula a me ke keleawe. ʻO ke kumu ʻelua he kūlana noho. Hāʻule ka wai i ka wai i loko o ka pūnāwai kahi e kau ai ka scavenger a me kona mau kaikuaʻana, ʻeleʻele ka waihoʻoluʻu ʻōnaehana o nā pae ʻāpana. No ka laʻana, inā ʻoe e hoʻohālikelike i kahi kanaka mai kahi loko a me kahi kahe, ʻoi aku ka uliuli mua. ʻAʻole uhi nā scales i ke kino holoʻokoʻa. ʻAʻole ʻo ia ma ka ʻūhai - ʻo ka ʻāina ma hope o ke poʻo, a ma waena o nā ʻeke a me nā ʻōpū o kona ʻōpū. ʻAiʻula hina nā palaʻa.

I ka maʻamau, e noho nei nā kānaka o kēia ʻano no 10 mau makahiki, ʻoi aku paha. I loko o kēia manawa, ulu lākou a hiki i 75 centimeter, a ʻo kā lākou nui ma mua o 5 kilograms. ʻO nā mea ʻike o nā mea noiʻi ua ʻike i ka manawa o ka ulu a me ka hoʻonui i ka nui, e wikiwiki loa i nā wahi hoʻomehana, ʻoi aku keʻoluʻolu.

Ke kūlohelohe nei, aia kekahi iʻa e like me ka scavenger, he wāwahi ia. Akā ʻike ka poʻe lawaiʻa e ʻike pono i nāʻokoʻa ma waena o lākou:

• ʻO ka maka he mau liʻiliʻi i ka maka.
• ʻO ka scavenger, he like me ka broiler ma ka loa, ʻoi aku ka momona ma mua o ia.
• Hoʻopili ʻia nā ʻōpū o lalo o ka bream i ʻulaʻula.
• Hoʻopili ʻia nā niho o ka mea pana i ka lālani, ʻelua o nā husters.
• ʻOi aku ka pōkole o ka anal anal o nā mea hoʻoikaika.

Ke ʻike nei i kēia mau hiʻohiʻona ʻano ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻole loa e kuhihewa ka lawaiʻa i ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ke ʻano o kāna hopu.

E ʻū nui ka inaina

ʻO nā ʻenemi mua maoli i loko o ka home o ka mea hoʻomakeʻa he mau iʻa iʻa a me nā holoholona makemake nui e ʻoliʻoli i ka iʻa a me kāna caviar. Inā mākou e noʻonoʻo e makemake ana ka bream i ka maikaʻi mai ka caviar o nā mea wānana e like me ke pike a perch paha, a laila hoʻomaopopo koke ia ua loaʻa kēia iʻa ma nā wahi a ke kanaka e noho ai ka scavenger. Pākuʻi ʻia ka wai wai kōkō i ka palaoa, nā kānaka ʻōpio. ʻAʻole maʻalahi ka hopu ʻana i ka iʻa pololei, akā e lilo i ka ulu ʻōpiopio maʻalahi, no ka mea, ʻaʻole i laha i lalo i lalo, i lalo o ka pale o nā snags a me nā algae. Ka hānai ʻana i ka mea i waena o ka ʻohana, hopu i ka waiwai a ma ka manawa like e palau ke ana i nā mea e hoʻopuni ana iā ia, a ma hope o ia mea e ʻai ai iā lākou. Makemake nui nā manu ʻōpio a me nā manu e leʻaleʻa i ka iʻa iʻa; nā poʻe i kū i ka lewa e lilo i mea ʻai. ʻO ka baki wai a me nā iʻa ʻē aʻe e ʻai ana i ka caviar o ka mea hoʻopunipuni, ʻoiai ka bream pono i kekahi manawa e hoʻohana ai no ka meaʻai.

ʻO ka lawaiʻa ka lua pilikia o ka male ʻole. ʻO kahi lehulehu o nā ʻano, ka mea hiki ke lawaiʻa i kēlā me kēia makahiki āpau, ka ʻai ʻono, ka ʻoluʻolu o ke kahe, nā mea a pau ua hana i ka bream. Hāʻawi ka bream i kāna ʻano, kahi i ka wā i ka spawning, me ka hōʻike ʻana i kona kua ma luna o ka wai. No laila e hoʻokaʻawale i kahi kanaka i kahi i loaʻa ai ka hopu. A laila ʻike ka ʻike a me ka mākaukau, ua ʻike ka ʻike a me nā makemake o ka waiwai.

Nā ʻano kikoʻī a me ka waiwai kūʻai

E like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma mua, ʻo nā mea ʻumi a me ka bream ka iʻa e aloha nui a hōʻuluʻulu a noho i nā kula nui. Akā pili ka ulu ʻana o ka poʻe i ka nohona a me nā kūlana kūlohelohe. ʻO ka laʻana, ʻike ʻia ka luhi maikaʻi loa i nā makahiki he mau ʻano i ka wai nui o ka wai. Kuhi loa ʻia kēia i nā loko a me nā waihona waiwai. Hoʻokū kekahi mau punaala i nā kumu spawning kūikawā.

Hōʻailona ka nui o nā mahiʻai wai i ka hoʻoulu a me ka mālama o ka lehulehu o ka poʻe scavenger. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā mea kuhikuhi o ka wā i hala, i ka manawa o ka hopu mōʻī kiʻekiʻe o ka bream ua lilo i 120 tausani tons, a laila ua emi nā mau kuhikuhi. I kēia lā, ʻaʻole ʻoi aku kēia mau helu i ka 30 tausani tons. Nānā ka poʻe i nā muliwai a me nā kino wai ʻē aʻe kahi i loaʻa ai ka mea hoʻopake. Inā he kumu no kahi hoʻoweliweli i ka nui o ka lehulehu, ua kau nā koho kūikawā a me nā pūnaewele paʻa i nā wahi pāpaku. Kūpono ʻia nā ʻano o kēia ʻano ʻano i nā iʻa i loko o ka honua. Ke kūʻai ʻia aku i loko o ka wai kalima, hou, i ʻokiʻoki a paʻa pū ma ke aniani.

ʻOno a me nā kīʻaha iʻa

ʻO ka ʻai ʻana o ka mea ʻaihue a me ka bream, ʻaʻole wale nō ia i ka hanu maikaʻi loa, he ʻaliʻoni ʻono a piha i nā mea pono. 100 kalona o nā huahana huahana no nā ʻoi aku ma mua o 100 kcal. I loko o ka mana hui he mau huaora o nā hui A, B, D, P, E, C. Eia nō hoʻi, ʻo ka ʻiʻo ka mea i loaʻa nā mea pono no ke kino kanaka - chromium, fluorine, hao, iodine, nickel, calcium, potassium, sodium, magnesium a me nā mea'ē aʻe. Hoʻohana maikaʻi kā lākou hoʻohana maʻamau i nā hana a ke kanaka, ke olakino, ka ʻāina noʻonoʻo.

Mai ka manawa i hoʻohana ʻia ai kēia iʻa i ka kuke ʻana no ka manawa lōʻihi loa, nui nā hana i kālai ʻia e kuke ai. Hāʻawi maikaʻi kēia ʻano ʻano iā ia iho i kekahi mea mālama wela. Hiki ke kuke ʻia i nā kīʻaha maikaʻi me ia mehi, hiki ke ʻai ʻia me nā ʻano like ʻole, ʻano palaoa a ʻūlī ʻia a lawelawe pū ʻia me nā ʻano ʻai like ʻole, nā ʻaoʻao ʻaoʻao a me nā ʻano mea hoʻohui ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka hiʻona o ka iʻa e ʻae iā ʻoe e kāʻei iā ia me nā mea i koho ʻia. Pono e hoʻomanaʻo ʻia he nui nā iwi i loko o ka mea kahaha, kekahi ma muli o kēia makemake makemake e ulaula a i ʻole ka iʻa paʻakai, a laila e hoʻohana ʻia me ka pia.

ʻO ka kukeʻana i ka mea hānai ʻeke ma kahi kāwele i loko o ka umu home. No ka hana i kēia, pono ʻoe e kūʻai i kekahi kanaka nui, no laila he wahi e hoʻopiha ai. Pono e holoi maikaʻi loa ke kupapaʻu a hoʻomaʻemaʻe. E kāwili i nā ʻala a me ke poʻo, hana i kahi incision ma luna o ka ʻōpū a hoʻoneʻe i nā mea hoʻohui. E holoi i ka iʻa ma loko. No ka hoʻopiha ʻana, e hoʻohana i nā kāloti, nā ʻuala a me nā kalā wai lemon. ʻAʻole hiki ke kau ʻia ka ʻōpala i kahi koke, akā e hoʻolapalapa ka ʻokoʻa me nā kohu, a lawelawe ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka pā. ʻOkiʻoki i nā kāloti a me ka lemon i mea e maʻalahi ai ka waiho ʻana iā lākou i loko o ke kalō. I loko a i waho, he mea maikaʻi e hoʻomoʻi me ka paʻakai a me ka papa allspice. Hiki ke mālama ʻia me ke aila oliva no ka juiciness. Hoʻopaʻa paʻa i ka foil ma kahi o ka mea hana i ʻole ka waʻu mai ka wai a ʻaʻole i pau ka hoʻopiha ʻana. Hoʻohe i loko o ka umu i hoʻomoʻa ʻia ma 200 ° a hoʻomoʻa ma kahi o 45 mau minuke. ʻO ka ʻono a me ka ʻono o ka pākī he kupaianaha!

ʻO ka wehewehe ʻana

ʻO ka bream kahi pānaʻi kiʻekiʻe loa i hoʻoiho ʻia, ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe o ka mea hiki i kahi hapakolu o kona lōʻihi. ʻOiai ke kau nei kēia mau palena, he liʻiliʻi ka poʻo o ka bream. ʻO ke kala o nā unahi o ka palaki ʻōpiopio he kālā, akā i loko o nā makahiki he mau ʻeleʻele a he pelapela ʻeleʻele a hina paha ka hina o ka pākeke a me ke kala gula o ka ʻaoʻao. ʻO ka waha o ka bream, ʻoiai ke ʻano hoʻonaninani, he liʻiliʻi a maʻalahi.

ʻEleʻele a pōkole nā ​​peʻa a hiki ke kapa ʻia wale ka anal anal. Nui ke kiʻekiʻe o ka dorsal, ka mea i hoʻomaʻamaʻa ka hōʻailona o ka bream a ʻo ia kekahi o nā hiʻohiʻona nui. Ua ʻike nā wahi lawaiʻa āpau, a ʻo ka mea mamao loa i ka lawaiʻa.

Ke ulu mālie ka bream a hiki i kahi paona o 500 karamu wale nō i ka makahiki o 5-7 mau makahiki, i ka manawa e hoʻomaka ai ka huaʻu. I nā makahiki 2, hiki ke kaumaha nui ke kaumaha o ka bream - 20-30 gram.

Hoʻaiho

Noho ka bream i nā muliwai, nā loko wai a me nā loko. ʻO nā wahi punahele nā ​​pu a me nā awa. Hele ia i loko o ka wai make wale i ka pō e ʻimi ai i ka ʻai.

Me ka pīhoihoi keu, hoʻāʻo ʻo ia e neʻe i kahi o ke ʻano o ke kani e like me ka hiki a hiki ʻole hoʻi i kahi e neʻe ai i kahi wahi lōʻihi. No laila hilahila loa, koho i nā wahi kūhea kahi e hiki ai i ka poʻe liʻiliʻi loa.

Bait Kaʻohana

Hoʻohana ʻia kekahi ʻano mauʻu no ka hopu ʻana i ka bream. Hiki iā ia ke hopu ʻia ma ia mau mea:

Ma kahi ʻōpiopio a pulu paha e hoʻopiʻi maikaʻi ʻia i ka wā e lawaiʻa ai me ka lāʻau lawaiʻa, a i ka lawaiʻa ʻana ma ka ʻaoʻao o lalo, ʻoi loa kekahi ʻōpala a i ʻole koko. Ma nā ʻano he nui, ua koho ʻia ke koho o ka maunu no ka hopu ʻana i ka bream i kāna mau ʻaiʻai meaʻai i nā ʻano ua nui, ka wā a me ka manawa o ka makahiki.

Kaʻono ʻohi

ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi o ka bream hiki ke hele ma kahi iki ma luna o 80 cm, a ke kaupaona a hiki i 6 kg. He wahi liʻiliʻi a me ka waha ka bream. E hoʻopau ka waha me kahi waiʻauʻau e hiki ke hoʻonui. He ʻeleʻele a ʻōmaʻomaʻo paha ka pākeke a me nā maka lihi, a ʻulaʻula hoʻi ka ʻōpū. He ʻōpala ka poʻe ʻōpio. ʻAno hina ka moena o nā iʻa. Nā Kuhi: BreamGeneral: BreamFamily: SonuinidsClass: ʻO nā iʻa ʻaʻa-hoʻonaninaniSquad: AntioiniformesType: ChordantKingship: AnimalsDomain: Eukaryotes

ʻĀnō a me ka nui

Ke ulu wikiwiki nei ka uō. ʻO ka lōʻihi o nā pahuhopu i noho he 10 a 13 mau makahiki ka 75 cm, paona 8 kg a i ʻole. I ka manawa pinepine, ʻo ka iʻa i kaupaona ʻana o 1.5 - 2.5 kg i mau ʻia no kēlā me ka lāʻau lawaiʻa. Aia nā ʻōpala liʻiliʻi i kapa ʻia he scammers. Ma nā lālā hema e ulu wikiwiki ana, hiki i ka wā akilele i ka 3-4 mau makahiki, me ka lōʻihi o 25 cm. Ma nā mau loko kūkulu ʻākau a me nā puna wai hoʻi e ulu maikaʻi ʻana i ka ulu ʻana ma 5-8 mau makahiki, me ka lōʻihi o 30 cm a keu paha, ulu ka ʻōpala puaʻa i 3 mau makahiki, me ka lōʻihi 12-15 cm.

Hōʻailona kahi paʻa

Hoʻomaka ka kauwela kauwela o ka bream 10-15 mau lā ma hope o ke spawning a maikaʻi inā maikaʻi ke aloha ʻana i ka spawning, me ka ʻole o kaʻawale. ʻAʻole mau ka lōʻihi o kēia kūlohelohe, a hoʻopau i ʻelua pule. Ka mea, ke huli nei ka bream i ia meaʻai no ka loaʻa ʻole o ka lawehala i nā lures kūpono. Me he mea hānai ʻo ia i ka algae, kāohi i nā meaʻai ʻē aʻe no ka manawa holoʻokoʻa a hiki i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka ulala i ke ʻano, ke kū nei kona piula a maloʻo a hiki i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka waiho ʻana o ka lau lau. Kuhi pinepine ʻia kahi haki o ka bream i ka puna ma ke kauwela a me ke kauwela, akā ʻo ka lawaiʻa he mau mākaukau i ʻike ʻia he nui ka ʻā o ka iʻa i loko i ka wā mua.

ʻOiai ia no ka ʻohana o ka poʻe noho thermophilic o nā limahana, ʻo ka lawaiʻa ma laila ke hoʻomaka koke ʻana ma hope o ka hoʻoilo ʻana o ka hau ma waena a i ʻole paha ma ka hopena o ʻApelila, i ka wā i kū ai ke ea ma waena o ka ea ma kahi o 8-12 mau degere. I kēia manawa, hoʻopiʻi ʻole ʻo ia i kāna ʻano o kāna hana, ʻaʻohe mau papaʻi a i ʻole kekahi mau ʻano holo i ka wai. Nā lawaiʻa lawena no ka lawaiʻa bream. No ka lawaiʻa i ka pūnāwai, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka lawaiʻa lawaiʻa. Ke koho nei mākou i ka lāʻau lawaiʻa me ka lōʻihi o 4-5 mika, hiki ke lawe ʻia ka laina lawaiʻa ʻaʻole i ka nui loa, no ka mea ua palupalu ka wai, ke ana o ka laina o ka lawaiʻa he 0.16-0.20 mm. Manaʻo ʻia e lawe i ka papahele no ka lawaiʻa ma ke papa, ma lalo o ke kaupaona o 3-5 gram. No ka lawaiʻa bream maikaʻi, pono e ʻike ka lawaiʻa i kāna mau ʻano, mālama i ka hana i nā manawa like ʻole o ka makahiki, ʻano. Ua uhaʻi lākou i nā wahi i aloha ʻia, i koho ʻia mai ka wā puna mua. Noho lohi lākou i ka lawaiʻa ʻana, hilahila iā lākou iho. Ka ʻuʻina o ka heihei ma kahi lāʻau lawaiʻa e ʻokoʻa me ka ʻāʻī o nā iʻa ʻē aʻe, a ma mua o nā mea a pau, no ka mea, e like me ka ʻōlelo ʻana i ka lawaiʻa, e hoʻomāhuahua ʻo ia i ka ua a laila kau i loko o ka wai. Hoʻomaka kēia i ka manawa, i ka lawe ʻana i ka nozzle mai lalo, hoʻāla ka laka a hoʻomaka i ka honi ʻana, a laila hele ka ʻaoʻao. Ke kau nei i ka papahele a i ʻole waiho ia i ka hohonu, pono ʻoe e hoʻomaʻemaʻe. Pono e hoʻokau i ka bream, ʻoiai ʻaʻole me ka mea ʻole, akā paʻa ka mea: paʻakikī kona mau lehelehe, maloʻo. Ma ka manawa mua, i ka wā e hopu ai i ka palaki nui, ke ʻike ʻia nei ua hopu ʻia ka hoʻokē ma ka snag, a laila koke koke ka wana, ma hope iki o ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa ʻana, hele i uka ʻole me ke kū ʻole, e kū mai loko o ka wai, lawe i ka ea, aneane kū ʻole ia. E aho e huki i ka bream me kahi mea huki a hoʻokaki paha, a hiki i ka ʻike hou ʻana.

Akā i ka mea e hopu ai i ka pala, pono ia e hānai. ʻO ka maunu maikaʻi loa no ka bream he mau maggots liʻiliʻi, nā huaʻa wai hou a me nā keke hemp, a me ka meaʻai palaoa. Pono e waiho ʻia ka maunu ma mua o ka lawaiʻa ʻana. I ka wā lawaiʻa kaʻawale mai kahi waʻa, mai kāka, kahi ʻai nui e kau ʻia i ka wai i loko o kahi kolob a i ʻole ma ka mea hānai i kahi mamao o 3-4 m mai ka moku, a ma kahi wahi liʻiliʻi aʻe, ʻo ia hoʻi, e hānai lākou i ka iʻa i ka wā lawaiʻa. ʻAʻole pono ka nui o ka hānai i ka ʻai, ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana i ka porridge, iʻa a i ʻole nā ​​mea ʻū aʻa, ua pau ʻo ia i ka makemake nui i nā punahele ʻono a hoʻi i kāna lua. ʻO ka bream "hele i kahi pōkole i ke ahiahi a kokoke i ka mauʻu i kekahi mau manawa o ka lā. I nā pōkole māmā o ka mahina, hiki ke loaʻa ka bream i ka harness inā ʻike ka loko ka i ka wai. I ka pō, ʻike pinepine ʻia ka bream ma lalo o nā moʻo. ʻO ka manawa no ka hopu ʻana i ka bream i ka lā e hilinaʻi i nā kūlana he nui. ʻO ka mea wale nō ke ʻike a me ka nānā ʻana o ka lawaiʻa e haʻi iā ia i ka wā e puka ai ka bream i ka mea ʻai a me ka wā e hele ai i ka lawaiʻa. ʻO nā lā ʻoluʻolu maikaʻi loa no ka lawaiʻa bream he mau lā mahana me ka makani hema hema a i ʻole hema hema. Hoʻopilikia, hala ka ua ʻana ʻaʻole i hana ʻino i ka lawaiʻa. Ma mua o nā ʻino maikaʻi a me nā lā anuanu. Ma ka ʻākau a me ka makani ʻākau-hikina, ʻo ka bream ka mea liʻiliʻi ʻole e hānai. Nui nā ala i ka lawaiʻa ʻana no ka bream i ke kauwela: no ka lāʻau lawaiʻa kauwela, no mormyshka, no ka wiring, no ka donka. No ke hopu ʻana i kahi bream, ʻo ke koʻokoʻo ke lōʻihi, kūpono a paʻa ʻole: hoʻāʻā kaomi o nā anglers i kahi ʻōmaʻomaʻo uliuli. Lawe lākou i kahi koʻokoʻo lōʻihi e hoʻolei hou i ka nozzle, no ka mea he iʻa nui ka bream a ʻaʻole kūpono ia i ka hohonu pāpū e kokoke ana i ke kapakai a i ka waʻa paha. ʻO kahi laina lawaiʻa me ka diameter o 0.2 - 0.3 mm i paʻi ʻia i ke kūmole i ke kala o ka lepo. Lawe ka papahele i kahi ʻano elongated, ʻoi aku ka hulu hulu. ʻO ke kaupaona ma ka laina lawaiʻa no ka hopu ʻana i ka bream ua kau ʻia he 3-4 cm mai ka mākaʻi, ʻoiai ka lōʻihi o ke kaumaha mai ka kauā, ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i ka hiʻi o ka pumehana. Hook helu 7 - 8.5, koi.

E nana pū kekahi

• Hōʻailona kahi paʻa
• Nā Pāʻina lawaiʻa - Kanaka
• Nā Pāʻina lawaiʻa - Kauahi 022 - ʻreamlelo Ola, Nā Mea Paʻi Blind
• Nā Pāʻina lawaiʻa - Kauahi 044 - Kanikela Kūlana. Poleschik, Gustera

ʻO kekahi lā o White Amur (Ctenopharyngodon idella) kekahi o nā ʻelele nui loa o ka ʻohana Carp. ʻO ka paona o ka iʻa hiki ke 30-35 kg me ka lōʻihi o kahi o 120 cm. Ma waho, he ʻano like ke ʻano o ke kalapu maʻamau. ʻO ka ʻōpala mau lau kekahi elongated, i ka lau o ke kino ma nā ʻaoʻao me ke kī ʻole. Ma nā laina hope loa 40-45 mau kaulike. Ua haʻahaʻa ke poʻo, ua ākea ka lae, ka hapalua ka waha. Aia ke kihi ʻaoʻao o ka waha o kēia iʻa ma ka laina o ka maka mua o ka maka. Nani loa ke kāleka. He kua uliuli a ʻeleʻele paha nā kua, ko nā ʻaoʻao i ʻulaʻula me ka ʻulaʻula, ma ke kaʻe o kēlā me kēia pākahi, koe wale nō ka poʻe i kū i ka ʻōpū, aia kahi pōpoki. Nui nā kulu. Ma ka uhi o ka gill e hoʻohālikelike ana i nā kukui radial gula.

ʻO ka ʻōpū o ka iʻa he kukui gula. He mālamalama nā peʻa, me ka ʻokoʻa o ka dorsal a me ka caudal. Nā maka gula.

Me ka waha ʻole niho, ua pā ikaika loa nā kahe laupili i nā niho pharyngeal i loaʻa i ka pae pāima. I nā kanaka nui, ʻoi aku lākou ma mua o nā niho o ke kanaka, ʻāʻī, keʻakeke ʻia, hoʻonaninani ʻia i nā mea kanu. ʻO nā ʻāpana o nā pākeke i nā manawa he 2-3 mau manawa ka lōʻihi o ke kino.

Kalepa pinepine ʻia ka lāʻau kalapu me ke kalaka, no ka mea ʻaʻole ia he mea hoʻokūkū ma ia i nā ʻano o ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka meaʻai. No ka hoʻonui i ka nui a me ke kaupaona i ka wā e ulu ana, e pili ana i ka helu ʻana o 1 kg, pono kēia iʻa i kā 30-70 kg o nā mea kanu i kēlā me kēia kau.

Kuhi. 72. E hoʻohana wale ana ʻo White AmurI i ka ʻiʻo keokeo a maikaʻi, akā naʻe ka momona. ʻOi aku ka makemake o nā pākeke nui, ʻoiai e ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o nā iwi mai o lākou aku.

ʻO ka ʻiʻo keʻokeʻo Amur he mau helu o ka nui o ka huaora (A, paʻakikī B, C, E, etc.), nā wahi i hoʻopaʻa ʻia (calcium, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, etc.), a hiki i ka 6,7% o nā momona, nā mea momona o omega-6 waikaʻi.

He antioxidant maoli nō, e hoʻoponopono i nā hana o ka ʻōnaehana cardiovascular a me ka lolo, a hoʻokomo i ka metabolism o nā ʻaka. Hoʻonui ia i ka lako o ka oxygen i nā ʻāpana, hoʻopilikia maikaʻi i ke kūlana o ka ʻili, ka digestive a me nā nenoai, a e hoʻoponopono i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka glucose i loko o ke koko.

Kuhi ʻia nā kīʻaha Cupid i kēlā me kēia ʻano ʻano hana o ka lawehala: kālua ʻia, ʻala ʻia, ʻala ʻia, ʻōhā. Wahi a nā loea he nui, ʻoi aku ia ma mua o ka ʻiʻo kalima kālā. ʻO ka pulima ʻaʻa kahi waiwai kālepa nui, akā ʻaʻole wale nō.

ʻO ka hāʻawiʻana i ka mauʻu ʻōpala i loko o nā hale noho wai e hāʻawi ana i kahi hopena kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ka ʻai ʻana i nā mea kanu ʻai, nā hoʻomaʻamaʻa i nā iʻa i nā wai, nā kahawai, nā kēkē wai hoʻoluʻu, nā loko wai hōʻoluʻolu o nā mea kanu.

ʻAiʻo Amur me ka ʻai ikaika, ʻai ʻokoʻa i ka nui o nā meaʻai i kēlā me kēia lā i ke kauwela wela e like me kona paona ʻana iā ia iho.Ua hoʻokumu ʻia ʻo ia, ma ka ʻai ʻana i nā mea kanu iʻa no ka mea ʻai ʻai ʻole i nā hua ʻai ʻē aʻe, nā ʻōpala mauʻu e hōʻike i ka nui o ka ulu ʻana o kāna pono, e hana ana i nā kūlana kūlohelohe kūpono no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka waihona meaʻai o nā ʻano holoholona i waiwai nui.

ʻO kekahi mea nui e pono ai ka laulima o ka mauʻu pōpoki ʻo ia kona hopena kūʻokoʻa ma ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana o ka huaka. ʻO ka ʻai ʻana i nā mea kanu aku, ʻo ka laupū ​​mauʻu e hoʻohemo i nā namu o ka manawa kūpono e hoʻohou hou ai. Heluhelu aʻe ka paukū.

ʻO ka bream ka mea hoʻohālikelike wale nō o ka bream genus i ka ʻohana carp. ʻO ka bream ka iwi kiʻekiʻe i hoʻoulu ʻia ma nā ʻaoʻao me nā unahi liʻiliʻi a me ka hopena anal lōʻihi, kahi i hiki ai mai 24 a 30 mau umauma a branched. Ua liʻiliʻi nā poʻo a me nā maka o ka bream, he mauʻuhele ka waha.

Hoʻomaʻemaʻi pinepine ʻia ke kino a me nā ʻeke o ka bream (e hele aʻe i ka hina). ʻO ka pectoral, ventral, a me nā anal fins i kekahi manawa ke kala ʻulaʻula. ʻO ka kala o ka bream i hilinaʻi ʻia i nā hiʻohiʻona o nā hale kō: i kekahi mau ʻaoʻao ona i kahi hue-ʻulaʻeleʻele, ma nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe - silvery-yellowish.

ʻO ka pokole ʻo ka dorsal he pōkole a kiʻekiʻe; ʻO ka maka keʻokeʻo a me ka bream kekahi ʻāpana i ka bream, akā ʻoi aku lākou.

Nā lawaiʻa lawaiʻa

Hoʻomaka ʻia ka haki ʻana o ka bream i ka makahiki holoʻokoʻa - ana paha, me ka ʻike ʻole o ka manawa spawning. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hopu iā ia mai ka hau i ka hoʻoilo, a ma ka wai ākea i ka wā mahana. I ka wā o ka zhora, kiʻi ʻia ka bream i kēlā me kēia manawa, akā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma ke ahiahi, ke kakahiaka a me ka pō ʻokoʻa o ka mahina.

I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o Iune, ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka bream. Ma ka waena o ke kauwela, e nāwaliwali a hoʻonui hou i ka hoʻomaka o ka hāʻule. Hoʻopili wale nā ​​mālamalama me ka wā hikiʻole.

ʻO ka ʻae paʻa loa no ka lawaiʻa ʻana, he koʻa lawaiʻa. No ka lawaiʻa ma ka wai hamama - ma ke kū ʻana a ma ke kahawai - ma muli o nā kūlana, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kēia mau mea:

• mau lāʻau ʻauʻau lawaiʻa
• Nā lāʻau ʻauʻau Bologna
• match rod
• nā lāʻau ʻauʻau.

ʻAʻole he lawaiʻa e hoʻohana i nā papahele a me nā ʻano mormyshki e hopu ai i ka bream i ka hoʻoilo mai ka hau.

ʻO ka lawaiʻa bream lawaiʻa ʻaʻole pau i ka pau ʻole. Kū maikaʻi kekahi i ka bream i ka hoʻopili mua i kahi o ka lawaiʻa ʻana, ua lawe ʻia ʻo ia i mau lā 3-4 ma mua o ka lawaiʻa. Hiki iā ʻoe ke kūʻai i ke maunu i ka hale kūʻai a kuke iā ʻoe iho. No ka hana pono, hoʻohana nui ʻia ka meaʻai mea kanu: cereals, oilcake, bran, steere cereal grains. Hiki nō hoʻi nā meaola holoholona: e like me nā makgots, nā ʻōpū, nā mollusks. Pane maikaʻi ka bream i nā mea ʻono (anise, hinu ʻai hepa, etc.) .. ʻO ka mea nui i ka wā e koho ai i ka mana o ke mauʻu ka mea pono i nā kūlana kūloko a me nā ʻano maʻamau o nā iʻa e ʻai ʻia ka iʻa.

Komi ʻia ka bait i kahi wahi o ka lawaiʻa koke ma mua o ka lawaiʻa. ʻO kahi paila kūpono he hui pū ʻia e loaʻa ai nā māhele like ʻole odorous. ʻO ka mea paʻa o ka maunu (keke, crackers, bran) e pono e hoʻokaʻawale maikaʻi, maoli ka lepo i ka lepo. ʻO lākou "uwahi" i ka wai, inā hiki mai ka iʻa, ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻai.

He ʻano koʻikoʻi nui ʻo Bait no ka lawaiʻa no ka bream. I ka mālama ʻana, pono i nā leskhnik he mau ʻano o nā nozzles, no ka mea he picky ka iʻa. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā mau maka maʻamau:

• maggot
• pili koko,
• nā ʻōpala
• nā huahana palaoa (roti, pasta, kāwele),
• nā cereals a me nā cereals (hercules, barley, semolina, pīni).

Hiki iā ʻoe ke hopu i kahi bream i loko o kahi cossack (dragonfly larva), ma nā caddis, ma kahi kelle herbivorous klepsin liʻiliʻi a me ka zebra mussel. Hoʻokumu ka makemake o ka bream i nā mea he nui, no laila ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻokolokolo me ka maunu.

Loaʻa ka ʻono o ka bream i kona wā makahiki, ka nui a me ka noho ʻana. ʻO ka ʻai o nā iʻa nui e noho ana i nā wahi waiwai me nā mea kanu maikaʻi a he wahi wai maikaʻi hoʻi he momona, he palupalu a he nui ka momona ʻono. ʻO ka pīpī liʻiliʻi (scavengers) ʻaʻole ia he mea paʻakikī loa, no ka mea, he kiʻekiʻe nā iwi momona e pili ana i ka ʻai. A i kekahi hihia, kahi liʻiliʻi a me ka meaʻai maikaʻi i hopu ʻia i ka wā a i ʻole ma hope o ka hoʻolei ʻana o ka caviar.

ʻO nā ʻike kiʻi

I Mei 2014, kahi i noho ai ma Britain Nui, ʻo Ted Brian, i loaʻa i ka palaka nui he mea kaupaona 15 mau paona a me 12 mau pākeke (7.15 kg). No laila hoʻomaikaʻi ʻo ia i kāna moʻolelo ponoʻī, hoʻonohonoho i nā makahiki ʻehā ma mua.

He hoʻolohe kūʻokoʻa ka bream i kahi e kōkua ai iā ia e hūnā i ka pilikia. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻolohe aʻe i ka ʻaila o nā lawaiʻa lawaiʻa.

I ka wā o ka spawning, lele i waho o ka wai a hāʻule i lalo i ka wai. ʻO ka leo i ka wā o ka lawenaʻa i kapa ʻia ʻo "ka lawaiʻa" a "hāʻawiling" a hāʻawi i ka iʻa i ka inoa "bream" (a ma Slovakia - "kahaka").

ʻO ka bream e pili ana i ka iʻa maluhia i kekahi mau manawa e hōʻike ai i nā hana i ka predator a ma kekahi mau hopena e hana ai i ke ʻano ʻoi kaomi: nā kīnē pono ʻana a me nā ʻano umu silicone. ʻO ka manawa pinepine loa, i ka hāʻule, e ʻimi nā lawaiʻa i ka zander, perch a pike paha i kahi i hopu i ka bream no ka milo i ka hāʻule.