ʻO ke kukui ka moku ʻa ka hapa nui loa o nā kukui. ʻO ka lōʻihi o kona kino e hele i 90-100 kenimika, a me ke kaupaona - a hiki i ka 3 kilograms. He māmā ke kua a hope a me nā ʻaoʻao me ke kīwaha-brown, a e keʻokeʻo ka ʻōpū.
ʻIke ʻia kēia mau iʻa i ka nui o nā kai ʻo ʻAmelika ʻAmelika - mai ke kahakai o Greenland a hiki i Florida.
Noho nō lākou ma ka Mediterranean ma ke komohana a ma Norewai ma ka hikina. Aia nā ʻāpana kukui ma nā kahawai o ka ʻaoʻao Kai o ka Baltic. ʻO ka loko loko o nā kukui kukui e noho ana ma Great Lakes o ʻAmelika ʻAmelika, i noho mua ia ma Lake Ontario a ma ke kahawai ʻo Law Lawrence wale nō. Akā i ka makahiki 1921, ua kūkulu ʻia kahi luawai ma Niagara Falls, a ma hope o ka iho ʻana o ke kukui a me nā pū i loko o Lake Erie, a laila ua komo lākou i Michigan a me Huron.
I ka wā e hoʻopiʻi ai nā lampreys i loko o ka Nui Nui, ua luku lākou i kahi nui o nā ʻano iʻa o nā iʻa, no ka laʻana no ka loko o ka loko. ʻAʻole hiki i ka poʻe mākaukau ke hoʻokūkū me kēia kanaka nāna i mālama i kēia ʻano līlani, no ka mea, ua loaʻa kahi inoa lua a me ka inoa hoʻi ʻo ka lamprey - "The Black Scourge of the Great Lakes." Ua lawe nā kānaka ʻepekema i 30 mau makahiki e hakakā i nā kukuirey i loko o ka Great Lakes. Ma hope wale nō o kā lākou hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ke ola ola o kēia mau iʻa, ua hiki iā lākou ke hōʻemi i ko lākou helu.
ʻO nā mea ʻaihapiha iʻa ka moana, ua hoʻopili lākou i ka iʻa a me ka hoʻomanawanui iki iā ia no nā lā a i ʻole hebedoma. Ua hikiwawe ka Lampreys, hiki iā lākou ke ʻai i kā lākou ʻai, akā ʻo ka hapa nui o ka iʻa i make mai i nā hōʻeha a kēia mau mea maʻi i kau mai ai iā lākou. Hoʻopili nā kukui a me ke kukui i loko o ka ʻeha, ka mea e pale ai i ke koko mai ke ʻokiʻoki ʻana, ma muli o ia mea e wāwahi ai nā ʻōpala o ke koko a hemo nā ʻili. Ma hope o ka hoʻoulu ʻana o ka parasit i ka iʻa, loli nui kona ʻano koko, lilo ka palupalu, ʻaʻole hiki iā ia ke pale aku i nā maʻi a me nā mea hoʻopiʻi.
ʻO Salmon, eel, cod a me ka firmgeon kahi mea punahele punahele no ka lamprey. ʻO nā hihia hoʻi o ka hoʻouka ʻia ʻana o kēia iʻa iʻa ka poʻe i luna o nā kohola ua hōʻike ʻia.
I loko o nā Nui Nui, ua lele nā kukui a me nā wai ma lalo o kahi wai heʻoi aku ma mua o 10. ʻO nā wahine o nā ʻano kukui kukui e noho ana i loko o nā wahi waiho i ka huaʻai 24-170 tausani, akā he 1% wale nō e ola nei mai kēlā ʻano helu he nui, kahi i loaʻa ai i nā ululāʻau. Ke make nei nā hua i koe ma kahi wina o ka ulu ʻana. Hoʻolālā ʻo Caviar ma kahi o 12 mau lā. I ka wā e loaʻa ai ka larva larva, ʻaʻole ia e haʻalele i ka pūnaewele spawning no kahi o 20 mau lā, a laila e ʻimi ʻo ia i nā ʻāpana o ka muliwai kahi he nui nā detritus.
Holo nā kukui lime. Ua ʻike ʻia e nā ʻepekema kekahi mau kukui a hoʻokuʻu lākou iā lākou i ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o Tar i ka hāʻule, a ua i ka pūnāwai ua ulu ʻia kēia mau wahi ma nā ʻāpana o ka loko, a ua uhi kekahi iʻa i kahi mamao he 200 mau mile.
ʻO ka ʻai o ka kukui ke kai, ua maikaʻi ʻole ʻia, akā ʻaʻole mahalo ʻia i ka lawaiʻa ʻana. Aʻo ka loli maʻamau ke ʻano o nā lampreys e noho ana i nā Nui Nui.
Makemake wau e ʻike i nā mea āpau
ʻO wai ka mea i manaʻo he kiʻi i kēia kiʻiʻoniʻoni weliweli? Ua like paha me koʻu manawa ... Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole wau i manaʻo e ʻiʻo wale nō kēlā ʻano, ʻike wau wale nō iā Kylie Minogue a ua koʻo ia.
Kukui - nā ʻano pili holoholona parasitile. Kauoha (Lamprey) unuhi maolikuʻi ʻoka”, Ma muli o kona hiki ke kau i nā papa paʻakikī. ʻOiai ua ʻike maopopo ʻia nā ʻano lāʻau ʻē aʻe, ka mea e noho nei i ke kino o nā iʻa ʻē aʻe, e ʻoki ana i ke koko mai o lākou aku
Noho ʻo Lampreys i ka wai wela me nā wai hohonu, i loaʻa ma ka wai kai o ke kahakai a i ʻole nā wai wai wai. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole maʻamau ka hele ʻana i kēia mau holoholona i ka moana ākea. E wehewehe aku kēia i ka hapa o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā ʻōuli o ka Australian a me New Zealand lampreys.
ʻIke aku i waho ke ʻano o nā kukuireka a me nā kūmole wai, he mea ia i kapa ʻia i kekahi manawa "kukui eila", 'O ia hoʻi ka inoa"kukui eila"." Pono ke kino ka laulā o ke kino o nā holoholona. E ulu a Lampreys i ka 1 m i ka lōʻihi. ʻAʻole lākou e'ā i nā paila pale i ke kino, ke kū nei nā maka nui ma ke poʻo a he 7 gill mau kala ma nā ʻaoʻao.
ʻAʻole noonoo ka Zoologists i nā kukuireʻeleʻa iʻa iʻa ma muli, no ko lākou ʻano e pili ana i ka morphology a me ka physiology. No laila, ʻo ka kiko o ka cartilaginous kukui e hōʻike ana e pili ana ka lamprey i ka pili i nā vertebrates maxillary hou loa. He poʻe lākou i ka hoʻōki a, hoʻouka ʻana i kā lākou mea pio, e hoʻopili i ke kino o ka mea, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ko lākou mau niho me ka mākaʻi ma o ka ʻili a hele i ke koko.
ʻO ka wailele o ke kai kahi pae wai iʻa no ka papa cyclostome me kahi kino ʻōlika lōʻihi. "ʻAʻole he holoholona, ʻaʻohe iʻa." - e ʻōlelo ana i ka lawaiʻa e pili ana iā ia.
Ke alakaʻi nei i kahi kūlana hele. I ka hopena o ke kauwela, hōʻuluʻulu ia i nā kula ma kahi kokoke i nā kahawai wai. E hoʻomaka ana ke ala i nā muliwai i Nowemapa-Dekemaba. E piʻi ʻia i luna no nā mau heʻumi (ma nā kahawai nui - mau haneli) mau kilomita, ʻoi paha ka pō. I ka hele ʻana o ka hele, hele nā ʻano o nā lampreys i kekahi mau loli (ke hoʻopili ʻia ke kino, a me nā ʻeke, ma ke ʻano he, e hoʻonui pū), e like me ka moe me ka salmon. Kū ʻo ia i ka ʻai, a laila ʻo ka ʻōpū o ka auhele. Hoʻohui ʻia i ka wai o ka wai i loko o ka wai i loko o ka wai o Mei. Hoʻokomo ʻia ʻo Caviar i loko o ka lua, i ka wā spawning, nui nā kāne i hoʻopili ʻia e nā ʻōkuhi waha i ke poʻo o ka wahine. ʻO ka palu ʻo 70-100 tausani mau huaʻa. Ma hope o ka loloa, make ke kukui a ka Pākīpika. Lā ʻia, ka mea i kapa ʻia he butterflies, ʻoki mai nā hua i waiho ʻia, ʻaʻole like like me nā pākeke. Noho lākou i ka muliwai, kanu i loko o ke one a i ʻole silt (mai laila ka inoa) a ʻai i nā koena ʻala. A hiki i ʻehā makahiki, ua hoʻololi ka metamorphosis i nā kukuireka makua e ka metamorphosis a hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o ke kai i ka makahiki ʻelima, kahi lākou e alakaʻi ai i ka noho parasit, kahi e hānai ana i ke koko a me nā ʻiʻo o ka iʻa.
Hōʻike ʻia nā ala o ka hoʻoulu ʻia ʻana e nā kukui ʻenekele i luna o nā kohola. Noho ka pohō ʻana i ka iʻa, ka ʻelee mau lā no nā lā a he mau lā paha e hoʻopaʻa ʻeha. ʻO ka ʻai punahele ʻo ka ʻenehana kai leʻa he salmon, sturgeon, eel, cod a me nā iʻa ʻē aʻe. He kukui nui loa nā Lampreys, akā make ka iʻa ʻē aʻe o ka iʻa i hōʻeha ʻia e nā ʻāpana kukui. ʻO Lampreys e komo nei i ka hōʻeha o ka mea hoʻopihapiha o nā kinipoki buccal i pale i ka hōʻuluʻulu koko, ke kumu o ka luku ʻia o nā ʻāpana koko ʻulaʻula a me ka hāhaʻi ʻana o nā kiko. ʻO ka pūnāwai o ke koko ma kahi aniani e pākuʻi ʻia e ka lula e hoʻonaninani maikaʻi ʻia ana, e nāwaliwali ana a hiki i nā poʻe a me nā mea make. Hoʻohana nuiʻo Lampreys i ka hopena o ke kauwela, i ka wā e hōʻiliʻili ai i nā ʻohana.
Ma nā wahi āpau o kona nohona (ma ka laʻana, ma Amur), he māka nui a ka ʻula nui o Pacific Pacific ka mea i loaʻa i nā mākeke kūikawā i ka wā mokulele.
ʻO Lamprey ka iʻa ʻike ʻia e ke kanaka no ka lōʻihi. ʻO ka iʻa kahiko ka loaʻa i loko o ka wai moana ma ʻAmelika ʻAmelika e hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka wā Carboniferous, i.e. ma kahi o 360 miliona mau makahiki i hala. ʻO nā koena i loaʻa i kahi kukuirey kahiko, a me nā ʻano hou o kēia wā, he mau niho nui i loko o kona waha, i hana ʻia no ka hānai ʻana a me kahi hana gill lōʻihi.
Aia ma kahi o 40 o ia mau iʻa. Ke noho nei ʻo Lampreys i nā wai wela o ka Hikina Hema a me Hema, a hiki i ka pāpū moana Arctic. Loaʻa i ka mea pinepine ma Rusia, i ka nui o nā muliwai a me nā kaʻe.
Ma ka Lūkia kahi Hema, he 3 mau ʻano nui: ka muliwai (e noho ana ma nā kahawai a me nā kahawai liʻiliʻi), ka muliwai (noho ma nā muliwai nui) a me ke kai (basin o ke Kai Caspian). ʻOi aku ka nui o ka lampila muliwai ma mua o ka brood.
He kukui ʻo Lampreys i pale ʻia mai ka ʻaoʻao o ka pharynx e ka ʻōpala. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ke kikowaena olakino o nā lampreys i loko o ka lolo a me ka spinal cord. ʻAʻole like me nā iʻa ʻē aʻe. ʻAʻohe o lākou iwi iwi, ʻaʻohe iwi ʻole. Ua hoʻololi ʻia kā lākou kolamu spinal i kahi i kapa ʻia ʻo vyzigoy.
He maʻalahi nā kukui. Ua ulu nā maka. ʻO ke kiko o ka hoʻolohe. ʻO nā kelepona pili nui nā laina hope. Ua hoʻohanohano ʻia lākou e ka melekele fossae, ma ka ʻaoʻao ma ke ala o ke kihi o nā kuhu o ka vagus.
Ma muli o ka hala ʻole o kahi pua ʻaʻau a me nā pua huki, paʻa ka nui o nā kukui i ka nui o ko lākou ola ma lalo o nā kahawai a me nā loko. He mau wahi nocturnal lākou. ʻO ka manawa pinepine ka ʻauʻau wale ʻana iā lākou iho, akā ma mua o ka lele e hōʻiliʻili ai i loko o nā pūʻulu nui.
Lānuʻuila nā ipureka. ʻO ka lau iʻa ka mea ʻai nui. E ʻimi lākou ma lalo o ka iʻa a i ka iʻa ola (loaʻa i loko o ka upena a waiho ʻia ma ka wai ma kahi kaʻe). Me kā lākou mau waha nunui, e hoʻopili ana nā kukui a me ke kino o ka mea i hoʻopihapiha a e hoʻomoʻo i ka ʻili o ka iʻa me nā niho he nui. A laila hele mai kahi hua ʻōlelo ikaika me nā niho ma ka hope. Me kāna kōkua, hoʻopau nui ka kukui i ke kino o ka mea nāna. A laila e hoʻokuʻu i nā wai ʻāpana i loko o ka mea i loko o ka mea a ma hope o ka wā e hoʻōki i ka meaʻai ʻāpana.
Ma muli o kā lākou hana ʻole, ua lilo nā kukui a i mea pio no ka iʻa nui, e like me ka iʻa, burbot a me nā eʻelima. E aloha nui ka poʻe hope iā lākou.
Hoʻohana ola nā kukui lampreys. No ka laʻana, hiki iā lākou ke neʻe no ka manawa lōʻihi ʻoiai me ka ʻūhā puʻe.
ʻO ka wā puna o Lamprey e hana i ka pūnāwai, i ka lā mua o Mei, i ka wai hou. Kūpono lākou ma waena o nā pōhaku. Pā ka wahine i ka pōhaku, a ʻo ke kāne i ke kua o ke poʻo. A laila e kūʻē ʻia ʻo ia a paʻa ka ʻōpū i ka ʻōpū o ka wahine. I ka manawa hoʻomaka ʻo ia e hoʻokuʻu i kāna mau testicle, e hoʻokuʻu ke kāne i ka waiū. Ka ʻōpala wīwī he hana i nā manawa he nui. I ka manawa, hiki i ka wahine ke waiho i 9-10 tausani huaole. ʻO ka hapa nui o lākou ua kahakaha ʻia e nā ʻōpala i lalo o nā pōhaku. Ma hope o ke spawning, make a lampreys.
Ma hope o 3 mau hebedoma, ʻike ʻia nā wai ʻōlehu e like me nā ʻōpala melemele-keʻokeʻo. Kau lākou i ka one a silt. No kēia, ua kapa ʻia nā larva i kahi ambulance. I kēia hoʻohālikelike, ola ke larvae i 4-5 mau makahiki. I waho, he ʻokoʻa loa ko lākou mau mākua. Ua like lākou me ka iʻa, ʻaʻole i like ko lākou waha i kahi ʻano pōʻai ʻole.
ʻO ka lawaiʻa o Lamprey ka laulā maʻamau, keu ma Rusia. ʻ lākou iā ia he ʻiʻo ono. Pono e hoʻāʻo.
Ua aneane poina au, loaʻa nā hihia o ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana i nā ʻenekele moana i ka poʻe, akā ʻaʻole ma Rūsia.
Ke hoʻohana nei ke kanaka i nā lampreys no nā millennia. ʻIkeʻike ʻia kēia iʻa iā Roma kahiko, nāna i manaʻo he mea leʻaleʻa, e like me nā eels. I ʻEulopa, kaulana nā lampreys i ka poʻe waena a me ka momona o ke kūlanakauhale, ʻoi aku ka mea makemake iā ia i ka wā i ke ʻai ʻana i nā kīʻaha iʻa ma muli o ka momona o ka momona o ka ʻai.
Kālā waiwai
Ka wai: 76g, ka pākīpī: 17.5g, ka momona momona / lipid: a hiki i ka 40g, nā kalaiwa: 0,0g, lehu: 0.8g. Ka awelika calorie kiko: 132Kcal / 100g.
ʻO ka pale o ka hūpē o ka ʻili i pale ai i ka nui o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lampreys ma Lūkia a hiki i ka kenekulia 19. Kahi ʻike ʻia kahi wahi i ʻike ʻia e like me ʻEulopa o ʻEulopa ma aneʻi. A ma nā ʻaoʻao hema o Lūkini kukui, e like me ka ʻike ʻole ʻia a hiki loa i ka manawa, hoʻokahi haneli mau makahiki i hala i kekahi mau ʻāina i hana ai lākou ... nā kukuiila, e hoʻomaloʻo ana i ka haki ʻana a kā ka huki i ka wick ma loko o ke kino (ka momona momona - a hiki i 50% o ka nui!).
Culinary hoʻohana
Kūleʻa, ʻānia i ka vīneʻa me nā mea ʻala, pono ka holoi ʻia o ka ʻōpū, no ka mea hāpono.
Aliʻi kukui
1.2-1.5 kg o ka kukui lightrey (3-4 pcs), 3 tbsp waina maloʻo maloʻo, 0,5 kg o ka paʻakai paʻakai.
Hoʻoponopono: lemon, he mau pā o nā pīpī, ʻoki.
Ua hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻo Lamprey, ʻoki i kona poʻo a me kahiʻuʻoki, me ka ʻole o ka ʻoki ʻana i ka ʻōpū. I loko o kahi kīʻaha lumi aiʻole i loko o kahi kīʻaha liʻiliʻi, ninini i ka wai, e piʻi i ka lamprey a hoʻohui i ka paʻakai ma ka pā ana o 2-3 mau pāpaʻi pākeke. E hoʻomoʻa i ka lamprey i ka paʻakai no 15-20 mau minuke, holoi i ka lemus a ka umu a hoʻopiha hou me ka paʻakai. E hana hou i ka hana i ʻelua mau manawa a hiki i ka hapanui o ke kinilē ua hoʻopau.
E kau i ka mau keneka holoi ʻia ma nā lālani ma kahi pāwī maloʻo a i ʻole hoʻi i kahi pānaʻi o kahi nui a waiho ʻia i loko o ka umu i hoʻomoʻi ʻia i ka 180-200 kiʻekiʻe. Mai hopohopo, ʻaʻole lākou e wela - ʻo ka ia aila ʻaila ka ʻaila, ua lawa ʻo ia no kāna momona ponoʻī.
Hoʻomoʻa no 30-35 mau minuke. E lawelawe i ka wela, ma hope o ka ninini ʻana i ka wai kaila i ninini ʻia me ka 3 tbsp maloʻo maloʻo maloʻo. E hoʻomoʻa i ka pāʻai me ka lettuce, parsley a me kahi hapa o ka lemon.
Ua ʻili ʻo Lamprey
1 kg o kukui lamprey (3-4 pcs), ʻO Marinade, e kūnā ana i 1 kg o ke kukuiʻaila: Olive (kālala) aila kahi i kālai ʻia ka kukui, 2 mau aniani maʻa, ʻona o hoʻokahi lemon a me ka zest mai ka hapalua o ia ona, 1 punetēpele o ka vīnega (waina a i ʻole ʻōmaʻomaʻo), kumu pāpaʻi (nui!) ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele, 2 mau lau bay, 3 mau ʻōpio ʻo nā ʻōpala, 1 kōpī gula, kahi kīʻaha wai.
Pono e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka kukui hou. Hoʻopau i nā ʻala kūleʻa i nā ʻala ʻili. A laila holoi a holoi maikaʻi. Hoʻohui iki i ka paʻakai a me ka wā o ka palaoa. Kōmaʻomaʻo ʻula ma kēlā me kēia ʻaoʻao - 3-4 mau minuke - i ka aila (aila). A laila e hoʻololi i ka 'iʻa' i ka lewa hou a hoʻokaʻa (e lawe iā ia i ka pā anu i ka hoʻoilo a hoʻoilo iā ia i ka hale hale i ke kauwela. Kāleʻa, ʻoki ʻia i kahi ʻāpana 3-4. Mai hahao i kahi paʻa i loko o kahi pahu.
E hoʻomākaukau i ka mokuahi mai nā huahana i hoʻopaʻa ʻia a ninini i ka kukui o ke kukui i hoʻomākaukau ʻia. E pani i ka uhi a waiho i loko o ka friji. Ma hope o hoʻokahi lā a i ʻole ʻelua, ʻoluʻolu nā maka jelela, ma hope o ʻekolu mau lā.
Loaʻa ʻia ʻo Lamprey me nā ʻupena a me nā pahele i kēlā mau wahi e ʻae ʻia kēia ʻano lawaiʻa. Ma muli o ke ʻano o ka meaʻai, ʻaʻole i loaʻa ka lamprey ma nā mea haʻuki. ʻO ka lamprey larva kaulana i Lūkia ma lalo o ka inoa ʻo "spindle" he hale maikaʻi loa no ka hopu ʻana i ka bream, manaʻo, burbot, pike, perch a me nā ʻano he nui ʻē aʻe. Loaʻa lākou ia i ka silt i ke kahakai, holoi i ka sieve.
E pili ana i ka lawaiʻa a me ka pono lawaiʻa, a me kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona o kēia iʻa, hiki ke ʻike i ka hōʻike wikiō mai ke Khabarovsk Territory o Rūsia ma ka hope o ka hōʻike.