ʻAno a me ke ʻano. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO kekahi manu ʻuʻuku liʻiliʻi loa ma Eurasia (a me Lūkia), ʻo ka lōʻihi o ke kino o nā ka ʻāina ʻōpala he 8-10 cm, ke 7-7 ke koʻokoʻo, ʻona nā 15 mau kekahī. , kahi haki pōkole puʻu nui i ʻōkū pinepine ai ka wren. ʻO nā inoa kaulana - "rooting", "nut", "hazel", "hulina huelo" - hōʻike i nā hiʻohiʻona hiʻona o ka helehelena a me nā makemake biotopic o ka manu.

ʻO keʻano. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO ka waiho maʻamau ka waiho ʻana, ʻoi aku ka māmā ma lalo o nā maka, me nā maka o ka maka i ke kahe, nā ʻōpū, ke kua, nā ʻēheu a me ka huelo. Aia kahi ʻōlamu kukui ulaula. ʻAʻohe kahi dimorphism moe wahine. ʻOi aku ka ʻōpio (ma ka lau ʻoni a ʻoi ke ʻano o ka ʻōpio, ʻoi aku ka ʻulaʻula ʻē aʻe ma luna o ka ʻaukā, he ʻulaʻula a ʻaʻole ke kumu hoʻohuli.

Manaʻo. ^ E Ha yM. A nā mele koʻikoʻi, paʻakikī ke hoʻohuli ʻana i nā ʻoni maikaʻi maikaʻi i hana ʻia ma kahi ʻano ʻokoʻa. Kāhea, nā ʻāʻī - ke kani nui ʻana, ke maloʻo maloʻo.

Ke Kūlana ʻokoʻa. ^ E Ha yM. Kūkulu ʻia ma kahi o 40 mau lāhui he nui, ka ʻokoʻa i ka nui, ka ʻulaʻula a me nā ʻloe. Ma ʻAmelika ʻAmelika, ua lawe ʻia i nā ulu puʻu mai nā mokupuni ʻo Aleutian, ke kūloko ʻo Alaska, Labrador a me Newfoundland a i Kaleponi, nā ʻĀpana Nui, a me nā mauna ʻo Appalachian. Ma Eurasia, ua māhelehele ʻia ka lehele i nā ʻaoʻao komohana a me ka hikina. Noho ka aneane aneane a pau o Europa, mai ka nahele-tundra a hiki i ke Kaiwaena, a noho i nā nā mauna kuahiwi ma ke komohana ʻākau. Ma ka hikina, ma ka ʻaoʻao mahana e piʻi aku ai i ka Urals, ma ke kūkulu hema e noho ana ia i nā kuahiwi o ka Crimea, ka Caucasus, Iran, Western a me Central Central a hiki i ka Tien Shan i komo, ʻo Himalaya komohana. ʻO ka ʻaoʻao hikina o ka pulu kahi ma ka hikina o Lūkia mai Lake Baikal a ma ka hema o Yakutia a hiki i Kamchatka, ka Kahiʻi a me nā ʻĀina Kuril, Sakhalin, a me Primorye. Ma ke kūkulu hema e noho ana ʻo Iapana, Taiwan, Korea, ka hapa nui o nā wahi o Kina, me ka ʻokoʻa ʻole o nā ʻaoʻao komohana, komo i nā kālani i nā wahi pālima o Kina, i ka ʻaoʻao hema o Asia.

Ma ka hema o ka awāwa, alakaʻi ka wren i kahi ola malū, mai nā ʻaoʻao ʻākau, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā manu e neʻe a lele a lele paha i ka hema no ka hoʻoilo, ma nā kuahiwi e hoʻoheʻe ai i ka neʻe. I loko o ʻEulopa, ʻo ka wren as a maʻamau ka maʻamau, lele i ka hoʻoilo i ka hoʻoilo i ka hoʻoilo a me ka hoʻoilo hau ʻole i ka hoʻoilo i ka hoʻoilo, hōʻalo ʻia ma ka hema o ka wahi o ka makahiki. Aia nā wahi pīhoihoi i ke alanui waena e ʻike ʻia me nā lua wai mua, a lohi ka puka a hiki i ka uhi ʻana o ka hau, hiki i nā manu ʻelua ke loaʻa i ka hoʻoilo.

Ke noho maʻamau. ^ E Ha yM. Paʻu ʻo ia i nā nāhelehele i hoʻopulu ʻia me nā ʻūhā a me ka ʻōlaʻi, ma ke kūkulu hema o ia ākea ka mea i loaʻa i ka nui o nā pua ʻalā, ma nā kuahiwi ka mea maʻamau no ka pipi ʻōpala o kahi 4000 m. ʻO ke koi nui no ka biotope he ʻāina pālahalaha a me kahi papa pālahalaha kahi e mālama nui ʻia ai ka manu. ʻO ka maʻamau, noho nā manu makua i ko lākou wahi mua (a kokoke paha i kēlā me kēia makahiki) e hele nui nei nā makahiki mua. Ma kāna pūnaewele, kūkulu ka kāne kāne i nā ʻenehana he "bachelor" kahi e moe ai, he mau mea ʻole i pau. Hoʻohana ʻo Nests e huki i nā wahine.

ʻO kahi papahele he ʻano nui (3-5 mau manawa hou aku) i ka aniani a i ʻole ka pā o nā mea i hana ʻia i ka mauʻu, kaʻuʻala, nā aʻa, nā lau maloʻo, me nā pā maloʻo, kahi pōkā puni a me kahi pā, kahi i kuhi ʻia me nā hulu, ʻūpī mauʻu o ka moss. Aia nā haʻalulu ma kahi haʻahaʻa ma luna o ka lepo (maʻa mau ʻaʻole ʻoi aku ma mua o 5 m) i kahi ʻino, puʻu paʻa ʻole, nā ʻeleʻele o nā lau maloʻo, ma waena o nā uka. Ma hope o ka moe ʻana, hoʻopau ke wahine i kekahi o kēia mau hiu a waiho ma laila.

Ma ka hapa nui, e hōʻike ʻia ana ka wren i ka polygyny, hele ʻia ana i ka wā he 2-3 mau wahi o nā wahine me kahi e hoʻohalike ai lākou (ma ka ʻāpana a i ʻole ʻāpana) ma ke kihi o kahi kahua kāne nui. Ma kēia māhele, hiki i kekahi o nā wahine ke hoʻopau i ka kūkulu ʻana i ka nalo ma mua o ka waiho ʻana i ka hua, ka ʻokoʻa - e hoʻopili i ka pipi, ʻo ke kolu - e hānai i ka pipi. I loko o nā gipi i nā hua he 10 a keʻokeʻo, keʻokeʻo me kahi ʻeleʻele ʻole a i ʻole kahi rusty speck (i kekahi manawa me ka speck) Noho ka Incubation i nā lā 14-15, e hānai ana i nā kao ma ka pūnana - 16-18 mau lā. ʻO ke kāne kāne, ʻaʻole ia e komo; ʻo kona komo ʻana i ka hānai e hiki ke hōʻike ʻia i kekahi pae ʻē aʻe. ʻO kekahi manawa ʻo ke kāne kūʻokoʻa e hānai i ka bro, ʻoiai ʻo ka wahine e hoʻomaka i kahi waiho hou.

Kūkulu ʻia ke kōkua ʻōpiopio - ʻo nā moa nui i ulu ʻia mai ka ʻohana ma mua e kōkua i nā mākua e hānai i kahi aʻe. Ma nā haehae a me ka neʻe ʻana, ʻaʻole hana ka wren i nā ʻohana; hele pinepine lākou i ka pō.

Wren (Troglodytes troglodytes)

Mālama

Ua manaʻo ʻo nā kānaka ʻepekema ʻo ka mua o nā ʻekekau mua ma ka ʻĀkau o ʻAmelika Hema. Eia kā lākou helu nui loa, a nui nā ʻike paleontological e kākoʻo i kēia ʻepekema. Akā no ka mea pinepine ka loli i ka leʻa honua, ua hoʻoholo kekahi o nā ʻohana o kēia mau manu e neʻe i nā wahi maikaʻi loa. Ma muli o kēia, ua hoʻonui nui ka laulā o kēia ʻano ʻano. I kēia lā, ka manu o ka wren (nā kiʻi i lawe ʻia e nā ʻepekema, hōʻoia kēia e hōʻoia nei) e pili ana a puni ʻo Eurasia, ʻĀpana ʻAmelika a me kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o ʻAmelika Hema. Hiki hoʻi i nā poʻe noho ʻo Lūkini ke hauʻoli nui i kāna mele oli maikaʻi, no ka mea i kā mākou ʻāina ka nui o kā lākou heluna kanaka.

Kāleka

He manu liʻiliʻi ʻo Wren. ʻOiai ʻo ka hapa nui loa i ulu ʻole ma mua o 10 cm a lōʻihi. A inā mākou e kamaʻilio e pili ana i nā keiki, a laila hiki iā lākou ke komo pū me kahi pu liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi. Ma ka Lūkini hoʻokahi wale nō o nā ʻano manu like ka nui o ka nui o ke kino - he mōʻī. ʻO kekahi ʻano ʻokoʻa o ka wren ka huelo. ʻO ia ka mau o nā hulu e kū ai i kahi kokoke. ʻO ka moʻo kala, nā kāne a me nā wahine i loaʻa ka monotonous, chestnut plumage. Ma muli o ia ʻano nondescript like ʻole he nui ka ʻike i ka ʻano o ka wren. Kohu ka manu me ka ʻona a he aneane hiki ʻole ke ʻike.

Hoʻaiho

He nānā ʻē loa kēia. Ua kūpono no ia no ka noho ʻana ma ka wao, a me ka noho ʻana i nā nāhele wao. ʻOiai kahi pale, hoʻohana ka wren i lalo o ka'ōpala, nā fern thicket, nā lāʻau liʻiliʻi a me nā mauʻu. A inā ʻaʻohe mau lāʻau ulu o ka moku, a laila e noho i nā pōkoki hulu i noho i nā pahu liʻiliʻi a i ʻole nā ​​pali pōhaku. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka wren he manu i hana maʻa i kahi ʻano maʻalahi. ʻOiai i ke kuʻe manuahi, makemake ʻo ia e noho ma ka home. Hiki i ke kime lōʻihi a hoʻolele wale i ka ʻāina. He ʻoiaʻiʻo nō, aia kekahi ʻokoʻa: ʻelua a ʻekolu paha ʻākana subspecies o ka wren akā naʻe e lele i nā manawa ʻoluʻolu me ka hoʻoilo.

Mea ʻai

He manu manu ʻahaʻaina ʻo Wren. Akā, i hāʻawi i kona nui, ʻaʻole hiki iā ia ke ale i ka poʻe āpau. Eia naʻe, ke kumu o kāna meaʻai he meaʻai holoholona holoholona. No laila, ka ʻoliʻoli ʻo ka wren i nā pōpoki liʻiliʻi, olokē, nā palu a me nā mea kani. Inā loaʻa kekahi loko wai, a laila e hiki i kēia mea hopu ke hopu i kahi iʻa liʻiliʻi i loko. I ka hiki ʻana mai o ka hau anuanu mua, e loli ka ʻai a ka manu, ʻoiai nā huna a nā mea hihiu ʻē aʻe mai ka hoʻomoʻa ʻana i nā frosts. I loko o kēia manawa, ke noi nei ka wren i nā hua o ka cereals, nā hua leʻa, a me nā aʻa. A inā koʻikoʻi ka hoʻoilo, a laila hiki i nā manu ke neʻe kokoke aku i nā kānaka a ʻaihue i nā mea i koe mai ka ʻai.

Kūkulu māua

Ke hana mau nei ka hana ʻana i nā mea ʻuʻuku. Me he kanaka maoli, hoʻokokoke ʻo ia i kēia kaʻina hana. Ke hōʻiliʻili nei i nā lālā a me nā ʻōpala ma ka moku āpau, kūkulu ʻo ia i ka pūnana i lalo me kahi lua a puni no ke komo ʻana. Hoʻopili ka hive i ka haʻalulu o ka home o ka wā e hiki mai ana me kona mauʻu iho a hoʻoneʻe, no laila e mahana mau a ʻoluʻolu hoʻi i loko. He pīhoihoi, akā i kēia manawa wale nō, ua aʻo nā kānaka ʻepekema ʻo ka wren i hūnā ʻia i kahi huna huna. ʻO nā kiʻi i kiʻi ʻia e kahi kāmeʻe huna i hōʻike ʻia ua kū like nō ke kāne like ma kahi nests ʻelua i mamao ʻē aʻe kekahi. Ke hoʻomau nei i ka noiʻi ʻana, ua ʻike ʻia nā mea kanu manuahi no ka hana ʻole ʻana o nā kāne i ka kūkulu ʻana i hoʻokahi pūnana lā. No laila ua pau ka hana o ka hale, lawe koke lākou i nā hana hou. Akā e pono i kēia e lure i nā wahine he nui.

Nā helu ʻana a me ka hatch

I ka hiki ʻana mai o ka lā Malaki, ua ku a ʻo ka manu, e kani mau ana kona leo a puni, e hīmeni nui loa. He hōʻike kēia ua mākaukau nā kāne e kono aku i nā wahine i kā lākou pūnana. Eia hoʻi, ke kani nui ʻia ka leo o ka haku kāne, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka manawa e lele ai kahi wahine iā ia. Ma hope o ka hulahula pōkole pōkole, lele koke lākou i ka pili kokoke. I laila, ua kīkī kekahi makuahine ʻōpio i kahi pūʻali liʻiliʻi o nā hua he 5-7. I kēia hihia, nā wahine wahine hānai wale aku i nā hua, aʻo nā haku wale nō e lawe wale iā lākou i ka meaʻai. ʻO ka mea pōmaikaʻi, ma nā hebedoma ʻelua e kū mua nā mau moa mua.

Hoʻonui a kūlike loa i ka polgamy o nā wrens

ʻOiai e noho ana ka wahine ma luna o nā hua, hiki i ke kāne ke ʻoluʻolu mālie i kahi koho hou. Ma keʻano pilikino, no ka mea, ua hana ʻo ia iā ia iho i kahi nui i nā manawa hoʻokahi. I kekahi manawa e hiki mai ana i ka mea e hiki mālie ke hōʻoluʻolu mālie i kahi mau kaikamahine kaikamahine 3-4. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole like nā ʻano o kēia ʻano. Eia naʻe, ʻoiai ko lākou polygamy, kōkua mau nā manu i nā wahine e hānai i kā lākou ʻōpio. E hana lākou e like me kēia manawa a nā hoa e makemake ai, akā hana ka kāne i kā lākou kuleana. Ma ka manawa like, ʻike nā kānaka ʻepekema i kahi hiʻohiʻona leo: ʻo ka wahine mua mua i kiʻi nui aku ai a mālama hoʻi ma mua o kāna mau "wahine" āpau.

ʻAʻole wau e hilahila e hōʻoia, akā a hiki i ka manawa i loaʻa ai ka pūhaka me aʻu he manu holo ʻole ʻole - ʻaʻole au i lohe i kāna mau mele.

Hele au ma ka ʻaoʻao o ke kauhale a i ʻole manaʻo ʻia mai ka ʻaoʻao o kahi puʻupuʻu e pihi ana ma kahi kokoke i ka pā wattle, lohe wau i kekahi ʻano, he mea ʻole i ʻike ʻole iaʻu e mele ana. Kekahi ʻano manu, uwahi i ke kani kani ʻana a noho mālie. E like me ka mea e hoʻāʻo i ko lākou leo, ua lawe i ke kō a ku mālie. Ma hope aku maopopo iaʻu ua wren.

He mea ʻē. I kēlā manawa kūpono, ke kau nei ka hau i ka hohonu-hohonu a i ʻole hoʻi ka hau e kala ʻia - he mele manu? A ʻaʻole i kekahi bullfinch, ʻike ʻia e kēlā me kēia mea ʻē aʻe, akā i kekahi mea ʻē aʻe, maopopo ʻole ... i kahi like ʻana o kāna mele ua like me ka hīmeni o kā mākou keʻena puʻupuʻu - nā kuli like ʻole, nā kahe like, he puʻupuʻu a maʻalahi wale nō.

I kēlā mau manawa ua ʻike au i ka manu ʻuhane maoli - he pēpē ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula me kahi huluhulu huluhulu e noho ana i loko o kahi hōʻailona i kahi ʻōpala maloʻo, e kau ana ma luna o kahi puʻu o ka lau hāʻule, a hīmeni ana. Ke hoʻopau ʻana i ke kāla, koke koke ʻo ia i loko o ka pouli, me ka wikiwiki a me ka wikiwiki, holo ka ʻiole i nā ʻāpana lauwili a nānā aku mai kēlā ʻaoʻao.

Naʻu wau. Naʻe, ka dodger! Pehea e hiki ai iaʻu ke hoʻopoina e pili ana i ka wren, e pili ana i kā mākou Far Eastern midget-sneak? ʻOiaʻiʻo, loaʻa pinepine iā ia, ʻokoʻa ʻole, ʻike ʻo ia i ka peʻe ʻana ma ke ʻano o ka makani anu, i waena o nā aʻa a me nā puʻu, ʻaʻole ʻoe e loaʻa kahi manawa. Ua wehewehe kēia i ke kumu o ka wren liʻiliʻi i ʻike ʻia e ka poʻe.

Ma hope o ka hōʻoia ʻana ua kū kolohe ka mea kipa leo ʻole i ka wahi a no ka noʻonoʻo ʻole e haʻalele, ʻā ʻo ka wren me ka haʻalulu: "tikiki, kū ihe, tic-tic!" ʻAe, wikiwiki loa, me he mea lā ka pipiʻi. I ka manawa like, pane mua ʻo ia me ka hoʻolei ʻana i kona puʻupuʻu pōkole loa, e ʻoki loa ana i kona kua.

Hoʻomoe koke ka lūlū hopohopo - ua hele hou ke mele liʻiliʻi i ke ʻōpala ʻana a ʻaʻole i hali hou. ʻAʻohe mea nui i koʻu manaʻo nui, ʻaʻole ʻo ia i hōʻike ʻia. He mea kaumaha ʻole! Makemake maoli au e nānā i kēia piʻi, no ka mea pinepine ka hopu ʻana i kou maka. ʻAe, a me ke mele o ka wren aʻu i lohe ai i ka manawa mua. ʻAʻole hiki iaʻu ke manaʻo e hiki ke puka mai kēia mau leo ​​kūleʻa mai ka umauma o kēia me, me ke kuē, a pēpē!

16.05.2017

ʻO Wren, a i ʻole nutlet (lat. Troglodytes troglodytes) - kahi manu nimble liʻiliʻi me kahi leo mele ikaika. Ua like pū kāna oli nui i ka manawa like i nā lohe o kahi maiʻa, nightingale a me nā canary. No kāna mau hana ʻimi ma ka hapanui o nā ʻāina ʻo ʻEulopa, ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia ke aliʻi o nā manu. ʻO nā lālā i ka ʻohana Krapivnikov (Troglodydae) mai nā kauoha Passeriformes.

ʻO ka lohe ʻana i nā roulades o kahi mele mele e hūnā ana ma ka piko o kahi lāʻau ke lohe ʻia i loko o kahi radius a hiki i 500 m.E kokoke ia, hiki i ka nui o hiki ke loaʻa i 90 mau decibels, kahi hoʻohālikelike ia me ka hana ʻana o kahi mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe vacuum a i ʻole kahi kaʻa i hala. Aia ke oli i pili i 130 mau leo ​​kani, hoʻokō ʻia i nā kī like ʻole e kū i ka 4-7 mau kekona i nā manawa pinepine o 4000-9000 Hz. He 6 melodies mau kumuhana o nā kānaka Eurasian a me Iapana i loko o kā lākou repertoire, aʻo nā mele mele e noho ana ma ke komohana Komohana ma mua o 30. He mau ʻoihana i hoʻohālikelike iā lākou me nā haku mele jazz, e hana ai kēlā me kēia puʻuwai ma kāna ʻano ponoʻī.

ʻO ka pākuʻi a me ka noho

ʻIke ʻia ka wren ma nā wahi āpau ma ka ʻāpana hemolele ʻākau. Ma ke kūkulu ʻākau, pili nā palena o kona awāwa me ka isotherm o Ianuali ma -7 ° C, a ma ke kūkulu hema e pae ai lākou ma ʻApelika ʻArika, Mekiko, India, Bangladesh a me Myanmar. ʻO nā 46 subspecies i ʻike ʻia i kēia manawa ma ʻEulopa, hoʻokahi wale nō e ola (T. t. Troglodytes). ʻAeʻa ka noho o nā ʻAmelika ʻAmelika a me ʻAmelika ʻAmelika, ʻo ke koena he mau neʻe i ka wā.

Noho ka manu i nā papu a i nā kuahiwi i ke kiʻekiʻe a hiki i ka 4000 m. Ua hoihoi ʻia ia e nā lāʻau, nā pā, nā ʻōpala paʻa ʻole i nā nahele, nā māla a me nā māka. Ma ke alo o nā pale kūpono, ʻike nui ʻia i waena o nā ʻāina moʻomeheu e kokoke ana i nā kahawai a me nā loko liʻiliʻi. Hana ʻo ia i kahi kanaka me ka makaʻu ʻole, no laila hiki iā ia ke noho i loko o kahi kīwī a i ʻole nā ​​hana ʻokoʻa.

E neʻe ana ka nui o nā ʻāpana ʻĀina ʻAmelika Hema a me ʻEulopa mai Sepatemaba a hiki i Nowemapa a hoʻi mai i ka hoʻomaka o Malaki. Hiki i ke mokulele a i ʻole ke ao. ʻO nā kau hoʻoilo e hele ma nā ululāʻau pōā paha a i nā kahawai wai paha.

ʻAno lawehala

Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ka ʻōpala i ka lā a i ke kakahiaka. Hāʻawi ʻo ia i kona pō me nā hihi mua o ka lā a hele i ka hopu. Makemake i ka hoʻomaha wale ʻana, e noho ana i nā mākini mako. Hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia nā pua i ka wā hoʻomaha. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia ka manu iā lākou me nā mea o ke kumuwaiwai coccygeal, a laila holoi pono i ka nuku i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma nā lālā lāʻau. Hoʻohana ʻia ka lau ʻōpala no ka ʻauʻau. ʻO nā ʻāpana a me nā ʻauʻau lā me ka lā lawe ʻia. He luhi loa ka kaukau ʻana i nā puddles.

He teritori ka ʻōpio a ʻaʻole makemake i ke alo o nā mea hoʻokūkū ma kā lākou pūnaewele. ʻO nā wahine ʻokoʻa ʻole nā ​​hakakā. Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻonui ma kahi kokoke i kekahi o kekahi. Hōʻike lākou i ko lākou mea hoʻoili waiwai wale nō i ka wā hoʻoilo hoʻoilo hoʻoilo. I ka makahiki mua o ke ola, hōʻiliʻili nā wai i nā mea liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi.

I ka hoʻoilo, ma ke anuanu koʻikoʻi, hoʻāʻo nā ʻōpū e hiamoe pū, e ʻohi ana i 20 i nā manu he hoʻokahi i loko o kahi pūnana, e waiho ana i kā lākou huʻu ma waena o ka perimeter. No ka hui kuʻuna, hiki iā lākou ke lele no nā lā he nui i ka lālani.

ʻAno hānau

Ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, hoʻokumu ʻia nā ʻohana polygamous, ʻoiai i waena o nā kāne, aia nō kekahi poʻe kākoʻo nui o ka pilina o monogamous. Ma Central Europe, ua hana ʻia ka masonry mua ma ka hopena o ʻApelila a me ka hoʻomaka o Mei, a ʻo ka lua i ka mahina o Iune a i ʻole Iulai.

Ua koho pono ke kāne nona ka wahi no kāna ʻohana nui e hiki mai ana. Ke hoʻoholo nei i ka ʻāina, kāohi ʻo ia i nā wahi hana. Aia ke kiʻi a hiki i 2 m ke mauʻu me nā kala i waiho ʻia me nā kumu o nā lāʻau kahiko. ʻO ka manawa pinepine lākou ma lalo o ka hale o nā hale kahiko a i ʻole ma nā home manu. Hoʻohana ka poʻe kākau i nā ners o nā mīlā mua, nā hua liʻiliʻi, nā ʻōpū kahakai, nā ʻōpala maʻamau, a ʻokiʻoki.

Aia ka pūnana i kahi ala spherical o ka puka ʻaoʻao hoʻokahi, me ka lōʻihi o 13 cm mau a me ke kiʻekiʻe a hiki i 16 cm. Ua like kona nui a me nā mea i hoʻohana ʻia. ʻO ka maʻamau he moss, nā lau maloʻo, nā manu, nā kumu a me nā aʻa o nā mea kanu. I ka wā e pau ai ka hana hana ma ka hapalua, pono ke hoʻohana ʻia ka ʻōpala. Ma hope o ka hoʻomaloʻo, e hoʻopaʻa paʻa i ka ʻano i makemake ʻia.

Ke kūkulu nei ke kāne i ka 8 nests ma mua o ka manawa hoʻohono, a hoʻopau i kekahi 2-4. A pau ke kūkulu ʻana, hoʻomaka ʻo ia e hīmeni i nā mele, nā hoihoi wahine. Hōʻike lākou i ka ʻae ʻana e hoʻokō i ka hui ʻana i ka mare ʻana me nā ʻēheu lōʻihi a me ka huelo fluffy. ʻO kekahi manawa lilo ka wahine hoʻonani i ka lele aku, a laila hoʻomaka ka poʻe haʻaheu ma hope ona.

A loaʻa iā ia e kāna mea i aloha ai, hoʻi hou ʻo ia me kāna mele bravura e hōʻike haʻaheo ana i kahi noho i kūkulu ai. Hoʻopili maikaʻi ka wahine mare iā ia a hōʻoia i ka ikaika. Inā makemake ʻo ia i ka hale, a laila haʻahaʻa ʻo ia i kāna huelo, ka mea e ʻike ʻia ka cavalier i hōʻailona ma kahi hōʻailona no ka mare koke ʻana.

Ma hope o 5-6 mau lā, e waiho ka wahine i ka hua mua, a laila i kēlā me kēia lā, hoʻokahi hua i hoʻokahi, ma mua o ka wanaʻao. I hoʻokahi masonry, hiki ke lilo i 5-8 mau ʻāpana. Kāpae ʻia lākou me ka keokeo keʻokeʻo me nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi. ʻO kā lākou nui o 16,6 x 12.6 mm a kaupaona a hiki i 2 g. Ma hope o ke kau ʻana o ka hua manu hope, hiki i ka inkubation he 14-18 mau lā. Ua hopohopo ka wahine e pili ana i kāna meaʻai ma kāna iho. Ma ka hihia o ka masonry, hana ia i kekahi.

Mālama nā mākua ʻelua i ka hānau. ʻO kekahi manawa hana hoʻomōhala ʻia kā lākou makua makua inā hoʻomaka lākou e hānai i nā moa liʻiliʻi, titmouse, tit, linnet, sparrow a scallop.

Hānau ʻia nā pua, a he kapa ʻole, ʻaʻole hoʻi e pono. Lawe ka wahine i ka huluhulu i kahi mamao o 25 m mai ka pili, a inā he loko kokoke, a laila e hoʻolei iā ia i loko. No nā lā ʻelima e hoʻopiha ʻo ia i ka pōloli me ka ʻōpala, a laila lele loa i ka ʻimi pōkole no ka manawa pōkole. I kēia manawa, wehe i nā maka i ka maka a ʻaʻole paha i ka lōʻihi wale. Ma ka lā 8, hoʻomaka lākou e hoʻopuka i nā meaʻai kīnā ʻole e kāohi ana ka makua kāne aloha i hoʻomaka e hānai i kāna hua, akā hana ʻo ia i kēlā me kēia a me ka pinepine ʻole.

Ma nā makahiki he 14-17 mau keiki, lele nā ​​keiki mai waho o ka pūnana. Me ka meaʻai maikaʻi a me ka waiho ʻole ʻana o ka pōʻino mai ka poʻe predator, hiki i ka lele ke kau ma ka lā 11. Mai kēlā manawa wale nō ko lākou makua kāne e hānai ai iā lākou. Hoe lākou i ka haʻalele haole i ka ʻuʻuku a lilo pinepine i poʻe pōpoki o nā pōpoki, martens, nā ʻiole a me nā alopeke Puberty i ka wrens e hiki mai i ka makahiki o ka makahiki o ke ola.

Nā hiʻohiʻona o waho

He kino ka ʻaoʻao o ke kino, lapoʻa, 9.5-11 cm ka lōʻihi o ke kaupaona 7.5-11 g. Wingspan 14-15 cm. He pōkole a ʻoi ka hiʻu, e hoʻomau mau ʻia. Hoʻokomo like nā kāne like ʻole.

He ʻulaʻula-ʻulaʻula ka luna, a he hina-hina. Nā holo ʻeleʻele mau a puni ke kino. ʻOhi ke ʻāʻī. He lahilahi a nui ke poʻo a pōkole nā ​​ʻēheu. ʻO kahi kao elongated anuanu e like me kahi awl. Hōʻalo ʻia kona neʻe. ʻAkole nā ​​wāwae, muscular.

I nā manu ʻōpiopio, ua pena ʻia ka ʻaoʻao o luna o ka pala i loko o nā ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula, a i hoʻonani ʻia ke poʻo me nā hulu ʻulaʻula māmā me kahi palena pōkole, kahi i hala ʻole i nā pākeke.

ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi o ka wren ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ma mua o 3-4 mau makahiki, a me kahi kiʻekiʻe o 6 mau makahiki.

ʻO ka wehewehe a me nā hiʻohiʻona o ka wren

Wren - manu kiko kikoʻī. Nānā ke ʻano o ke kino o nā holoholona, ​​ʻoiai ua kokoke iki e like me ke ʻāʻī. Ua like ia ua pili ke poʻo nui a pili pū kekahi poepoe, a kāpae ʻia ia. Hāʻawi ka ʻili hoʻi i ka paʻakikī o ka huelo. No ka manawa lōʻihi ʻaʻole ia e "kukui". Huli ʻia kahi kūlana o ke kāʻei o ka manu, ʻoiai inā e noho ana ka manu. Hoʻopili hou kēia i ka lōʻihi o ka huelo.

Hoʻohui ʻia wren i nā kāʻei aniani. Lanakila nā puʻu Auburn. Ma ka ʻōpū o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia. ʻO ka hope o ka manu he 3-4 mau wahi ʻeleʻele.

He manu liʻiliʻi ʻo Wren, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o ka liʻiliʻi

ʻO ka waihoʻoluʻu a me ke ʻano o ka manu ua like ia me nā manu o ka ʻohana Slavkov. ʻO ka hoʻokoʻa, ʻo ka hemahema o nā maka keʻokeʻo. Ma Slavic ua hōʻike maʻalahi lākou.

ʻO kekahi hiʻohiʻona kūikawā o ka wren ka beak. He ʻiki a kūwili. Maʻalahi ka hopu i nā pepeke. ʻO nā kinikini liʻiliʻi a me nā ʻanee ke kumu o nā meaʻai manu. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻo ia ke kumu he migratory. I mea e noho ai no ka hoʻoilo, pono ʻoe e hoʻololi i ka ʻai i nā hua a me nā hua ʻai. ʻAʻole kūlike ʻo Wren, lawelawe ma ka ʻāina e nui ana i nā iniseti āpau a puni ka makahiki.

Wren i ka Kiʻi nānā ʻlima. Akā, ʻo ka hapa maoli o ka manu ua paʻa iki ʻia. I kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo kahi manu i hoʻolele ʻia e pili ana i ka hapalua o ka nui o ka manu.

Kēia ikaika o ka leo o ka wren i hiki i ka lehulehu. ʻO ka ikaika o ka ʻatikala ua ikaika mau. Ke kani ikaika nei ka nui o nā manu a kani kūwaho nei, kani lākou e like me ka "trick-tic".

Hoʻolohe i ke mele ʻana

Hoʻoikaika & Habitat

ʻO ka nohona punahele maikaʻi o ka hero o ka ʻatikala ua huna ʻia ma kāna poʻo inoa. Hoʻopū pinepine ʻo Ptah i nā māla lau o nā ʻōpala. Eia naʻe, ma kahi o ia mea, hiki i kekahi mea hulu ke hoʻohana i nā ferns, raspberry, a i ʻole nā ​​mea huluhulu o ka brushwood i loko o kahi ʻōlaʻi. He mea nui ia e undergrowth, windbreaks, nā mea a pau e litter i ke panalāʻau.

ʻO nā aʻa maloʻo, hāʻule i kahi o ka paila, nā ʻōpala o ka lāʻau a me nā nahele nā ​​mea kanu a me nā mauʻu nā mea i pono no ka hūnū e pale ai mai nā mea hoʻopuka a me ka hana ʻana. Ma nā wahi kūpono i hiki ʻole i nā mea hele a huna ke kau i ka hua manu. ʻO ka ʻōpala a puni kahi mea e lawelawe ʻia ai ka hale kūkulu hale no nā mea hanu. Nui ʻia lākou e ka moss, nā lau, nā ʻōpala liʻiliʻi.

Inā loaʻa kahi mālaʻai, e noho ana nā pūʻulu ma nā mauna, a ma nā kahawai, a kokoke kokoke i nā loko a me nā ʻōpū, a ma nā wao nahele. ʻO ka poʻe e noho nei i nā kiki hōʻuluʻulu e mālama ʻia me ke anuanu. Hoʻokomo nā manu i kekahi mau kānaka i kahi pā. ʻO ke pili pono kekahi i kekahi, hoʻēmi nā manu i ka hoʻohena wela.

Ma ke ala, ʻokoʻa kahi o ka heluna kanaka wren. Aia nā manu migratory i nā ʻāpana ʻākau. Eia nō naʻe, he maʻamau ka wren ma waho o Rū. Noho kekahi o nā ʻohana i ʻAmelika, ʻApelika, ʻAsia, mau ʻāina ʻEulopa. Ma Lūkia, kahi manawa like ke kuana o nā genus passerine me nā kō mua wai mua.

Nā ʻ specieslelo manu

Hoʻopili ʻo Ornithologists no 60 mau ʻelele o ka ʻohana wren. Ma Lūkia, he maʻamau maʻamau. I ka lōʻihi, ulu a kū i ka 10 sentimita, kaupaona ma kahi o 7-10 kalama. ʻUlaʻula nui ka pelahula o ka ʻāpana manu. ʻIke ʻia nā helehelena kahuli mai nā ʻaoʻao ʻaoʻao o kahi wrens maʻamau, a ma luna o nā maka he ʻano like o nā maka o ka maka.

Aia i ʻAmelika, ua hoʻomālamalama ka house house. ʻOi ka nui i mua o nā maʻamau he 3-4 mau kenimika ma ka lōʻihi. Kūpono ka poʻe o nā ʻano no ka ʻōlepa 13 mauʻa. ʻAʻole ka pale liʻiliʻi e pale i nā manu manu mai ka piʻi ʻana i loko o kahi nalo o nā manu ʻē aʻe a luku i kā lākou hua. ʻO keʻano kūikawā, ʻoki ʻia ka waiho ʻana o ka nuthatch a me nā ʻona. Hōʻike ʻia mai ka brownie a me kekahi ʻano wren hoʻi - lōʻihi ka lōʻihi.

ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka huelo, e like me ka inoa e hōʻike ai, hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e ka lōʻihi o ke kāʻei. ʻAʻole like ia me nā "pulupulu" pōkole o nā hulu o nā ʻohana. ʻOkoʻa ʻē ka kala o ka plumage. Aia ma kahi aneane redheads ma loko. Noho lanakila nā aniani o nā brown.

Aia e noho nei ʻo Stefensky wrubby wren. ^ E Ha yM. Noho ʻo ia ma kai ʻo Stevens Island wale nō. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia ʻo Ptah e ka plumage o ke kala ʻulaʻula a me ka hiki ʻole ke lele. Hiki i nā ʻēheu liʻiliʻi o kahi manu liʻiliʻi i hāpai i ka lewa.

Eia naʻe, ola anei ʻo Stephen Wren? ʻAʻole ʻike ʻia nā ʻelima o nā ʻano ʻano he manawa lōʻihi, a no laila e manaʻo ʻia ua pau loa. Hōʻuwā ʻia nā ʻiʻo i lawe ʻia i ka mokupuni no ka make o ka lehulehu. ʻAe lākou i ka manu a pau, ʻaʻole hiki ke lele i ka lawehala.

Ua kāhea ʻia nā manu ʻo Stephen Nā hoa kūloko o New Zealandno ka mea, aia kahi mokupuni ʻo Stevens ma kahakai o Aotearoa. I ka manawa manawa, ua ʻōlelo ʻia nā kānaka ʻepekema, noho kāheʻu nā iwi i nā ʻāina nui o ka ʻāina. Eia nō naʻe, i ka kenekulia 19, ua koho ʻia nā ʻāina kuahi e Māori.

Stephens a i ʻole Newren Wren

Me lākou, lawe mai nā kānaka i nā kiʻī i kapa ʻia ʻo Polenekia. Ke kahakaha nei ka mea nāna i hoʻopau i nā ʻōpala palupalu ma ka mokupuni? Loaʻa i ka ʻoi aku ka manu lele palu no ka lele. I kēlā kumu o ka make ʻana o ke wrubby wrens Aole 1. Ua ʻuʻuku ʻia nā pōpoki i ke kūlana.

Aia nō kekahi ʻano kupanaha o ka wren. Hoʻomanaʻo wale i ka pāʻani kamepiula kamepiula. Loaa loko wai ʻā. ^ E Ha yM. ʻAʻole kūlike kēia mea kūʻokoʻa i kahi manu. Pākele i ka pāʻani - he kaʻa e hāʻawi i ke kūʻokoʻa i ka wai a i ka aʻinihue.

HE MEA KUKAI

Mālama ka mea kākau ma nā meaʻai holoholona: nā pepeke i nā manawa a pau o kā lākou hoʻolālā. ʻO nā puaa liʻiliʻi, nā ʻuʻuku, nā aphids, nā meaʻaleka, nā slugs, a me kā lākou ʻōpio a me nā pupae o nā pōpō - ʻo ia ka papa nui o ka wren. Eia kekahi, ʻai nui kēia manu i nā snail liʻiliʻi, iʻa liʻiliʻi a me nā tadpoles. E huli ana i nā ʻōkuhi ʻana i nā snoop meaʻai i nā ulu lāʻau ʻōpala, nā lāʻau, nā wīwī, a holo i nā lāʻau. ʻO ka meaʻai o ka manu me ka hua liʻiliʻi o ka hua, a i ka hāʻule - nā hua like ʻole. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā hua ʻōpala puaʻa i nā holoholona hihiu wale nō.

MEA LOA

He manu ʻo Wren ka noho ʻana ma kahi ākea nui. Loaʻa ia ma kekahi wahi o Asia, ma ʻEulopa, ma North Africa a me ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa.

Noho nā mea kākau moʻolelo ma nā ululāʻau ulu a me nā nāhelehele o nā palahalulu huhū, ma nā wao nahele, nā pāpū a me nā kuahiwi. Noho ka manu ma lalo o ka lāʻau, nā mea kanu, nā manu, a me nā mea ʻeleʻele, maʻamau i kokoke i ka wai. ʻO ka lehulehu o ka poʻe i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, he poʻe minamina kekahi a he migratory paha (ma muli o nā wahi i hana ai lākou). E ʻimi nā mea kākau i nā meaʻai ma luna a i ʻole ma luna o ka pā. ʻO ka pōʻino nui loa i kēia mau manu liʻiliʻi he anuanu, nā anuanu hau hau. Inā i ka hoʻoilo ke uhi i ka ʻāina me ka hoʻoilo hohonu loa a hoʻomau mau paha ka frost, a laila pinepine kēia e alakaʻi i ka pohō nui - e pili ana i ka hapalua o ka nui o ka manu.

He manu liʻiliʻi nā mea kākau moʻolelo, no laila, i nā pō anuanu ke emi nei ka nui o ka wela ma mua o nā manu nui. I ka hoʻoilo, hoʻoʻauheʻe ʻia, hui pū kekahi, hiki i kekahi mau mea ke moe pū i ka pō.

Hoʻopōla

Ke noho mau nei nā kāne ma ke kahua o kēlā me kēia makahiki. Ke kani leo nui nei, ʻike lākou i nā palena o kā lākou wahi. Paipai leo nui nā mea kākau ma ka hopena o Malaki, ʻoiai e mālama ana i nā wahine a me nā hale hana. I kēia manawa, kūkulu ke kāne i kekahi mau moena mohala, kahi e koho ai ka wahine i kāna mea e makemake nui ai. Aia ka ʻōpū o ka ʻuʻu a Wren ma nā lāʻau i lalo i lalo o ka lepo. He spherical lākou, me ka ʻaoʻao o ka ʻaoʻao. Pahuau ʻia e ke mele mele, koho ke wahine i ka pili kūpono loa a waiho aku i nā hua ma loko. ʻO ka wahine wale wale nō e ulu i nā hua. Mālama ke kāne i kēia manawa a i ʻole kekahi mea e mālama nei, e mālama ana i kekahi wahine ʻē aʻe. ʻAʻole liuliu, ʻike ʻia nā hua ma kekahi o nā nalo ʻokoʻa. Hoʻopili pālua kēlā wahine i ʻelua hua i ka manawa hoʻokahi, no laila he mau mākua nui nā wrens. Hoʻomoe ka wā inkubation ma kahi o 14-15 mau lā.

Ma nā lā 16-17 e hiki mai i nā mākua, hānai pū nā mākua, akā naʻe, lele ka kāne i ka ʻēheu pinepine i ka wahine. Ke haʻalele ka pēpē i ka pūnana, hele ka wahine i ka lua lua.

HE KAI MANAOLO

ʻOiai heʻano maʻamau ka manu ma loko o ka Central Europe, ʻaʻole maʻalahi ka ʻike. ʻO Wren kahi manu ʻōpala liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi. Ma muli o kona nui liʻiliʻi a me ke kala palekana o ka plumage, ua hoʻopili pono ʻia ka manu i loko o ka mākele bushy a me nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe. Hoʻolohe pinepine ke lohe i ke mele a ka wren. I ka pūnāwai, he manu maʻalahi kēia manu ʻike e ke mele leo nui, ke kumu ke kapa ʻia i ka wahine a ʻōhala i nā mea pili i hoʻokūkū ʻia kēia ʻāina. Holo ke kāne kāne a puni ka honua e ʻimi ana i nā meaʻai a me nā mea i kūkulu ʻia no ka pūnana a kani nui. Kuhi i kekahi manawa, kau ia ma ka piko o kahi lāʻau a noho paha ma ke kumu a hana i kahi aria. He nani ka mele Wren a maʻalahi e hoʻomanaʻo. Ma kēia mele, ma ke ʻano o ka hana a a me ka huelo i hāpai aʻe i luna, e ʻike maʻalahi i kēia manu. Ua palena ʻia ka ʻaina o ka wren, no laila he mea paʻakikī loa ka mālama ʻana iā lākou ma ka hoʻopio. I ka hoʻoilo, hiki ke hānai ʻia nā wrens ma ka ninini ʻana i ka meaʻai no nā manu insectivorous i loko o ka mea hānai. Pono e waiho ʻia nā ʻōpala o ka lāʻau ma loko o nā māla - e hūnā i nā mea make.

KUPONO NA INOA HUI, KAHAKUI.

• I kekahi manawa ma ka hi o kahi wili, ma kahi o 60 mau pēpē e noho ana ma kahi hoʻokahi, i hui pū ʻia.
• ʻO nā aʻe ʻona loa i nā kuahiwi. Loaʻa nā ʻono ona mau puʻu i nā mauna o Tibet ma kahi kiʻekiʻe he 5500 mau mika ma luna o ke kai. I ka hoʻoilo, loaʻa ka manu ma nā wahi kuahiwi ma ke kiʻekiʻe o 4500 mika ma luna o ke kai.

NA HALE KOMOHE O Wren

ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona hiʻona o ka wren kona liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi a ʻo kahi ʻili i hāpai ʻia e ʻokiʻohi ʻia a kokoke paha. ʻO kekahi hiʻohiʻona o kēia manu ka mea, e like me ka kaʻu, nā mea ʻona i nā pale. ʻOiai ka liʻiliʻi o ka wren, kū nui kona leo. ʻO kēia paha ma muli o kaʻoiaʻiʻo e ola nei ka manu ma kahi manaʻo nui. Hoʻohana like nā kāne ʻōpio a me nā wahine hives, ʻo ka ʻāpana o nā manu ʻōpio he māmā.

Hoʻonohonoho ʻia ka nūnū e ka kāne kāne (nui ka ʻōpala i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻia i ka nui o ia manu. ʻElima a ʻeono paha hua hua wahine ka wahine i loko o ka pūnana.

- Ka hale o ka wren

MEA LOA

ʻIke ʻia ʻo Wren ma ʻEulopa, ʻApelika ʻAmelika, nā ʻāpana o ʻAmelika, a me ʻAmelika ʻAmelika. ʻO kēia wale nō kekahi o nā ʻohana e noho nei i ka Hou a me ke Kahua Mua.

KAUPUNI A ME KA PONO

ʻO Wren kekahi o nā manu he nui ma Central ʻElopa, ʻoiai ka manaʻo o kona lehulehu e pili ana i ka ʻōlohelohe.