Ua ʻike mua ʻo Kelemānia ichthyologist i kēia ʻano puaʻa. Ludwig Doderline, ka mea i lawe iā Vienna e wehewehe i kahi ʻaka ʻeleʻele ulaula ma hope o ke kipa ʻana iā Iapana i ka makahiki 1879-1881. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole hiki iā ia ke hoʻolaha i kona ʻike, no ka mea, ua nalowale nā moʻolelo kikoʻī e pili ana i kēia holoholona. Ua aʻo ka honua ʻepekema e pili ana i kēia mango ma hope o ka hoʻolaha ʻana o ka ʻatikala "Exceptional Shark" i ka makahiki 1884, i haku ʻia e ka American ichthyologist a me zoologist Samuel Garman. ^ E Ha yM. Ma kēia hana, ua manaʻo ka ʻepekema a wahine wahine he 1.5 mika, ua hopu ʻia ma Iapana i ke ʻano ʻo Sagami Bay. Hāʻawi ʻo Garman i kahi inoa i nā ʻano lāʻau hou "ʻO Chlamydoselachus anguineus", mai Helene"сhlamy"(toad) a"selachus"(shark), me ke ano Latin"ʻuinehai"(ʻuhane). Ma hope i kapa ʻia"āoū poʻo", "mangawai shark", silika a ʻaʻā ahi mangō.
Loaʻa ka ʻaka iʻa kūʻono i nā wai kūlohelohe a me ka maloʻo ma ka moana Atlantika a me ka Pakipika. ʻOiai ua loaʻa nā iʻa i kahi iʻa ma kahi hohonu o 1.5 km. Pili, ʻike ʻia ka puhaka ma waena o ka 500-1000 m mai ka ihu o ka wai. Eia nō naʻe, mālama ka holoholona i nā hohonu ʻē aʻe e pili ana i ka noho. I loko o ke Kaiāulu ʻo Suruga, e makemake ka pika e noho kokoke ma ka papa o ka wai - ma kahi hohonu o 50-100 m.ʻalo wale nō e kahe i ka manawa mahana, i ka wā e mahana ai ka pā i ka wai ma luna o 15 degere Celsius. Akā i ka laulā maʻamau, ʻōlelo ka papaʻaina o ka iʻa e hana pinepine lākou i ka neʻe ʻana i ka maʻamau. I nā hihia liʻiliʻi, ʻike ʻia kahi hiō a ma ka kiko o ka wai.
Loaʻa iā ia kahi hakakā elongated. Mai ka loaʻa ʻana o ka iho, ua hoʻohālikelike pinepine ʻia i ka nahesa moana ʻano. ʻO ke poʻo ākea a ākea hoʻi, me nā maka lahilahi moderole me kahi kāwele ole e hūnā, ka hoʻokaʻawale loa. Loaʻa ma kahi o 300 mau niho māmā i loaʻa i nā mea i hala ma nā lālani. ʻO ka pōkole nā pectoral he mea pōkole ia, ʻaʻole pane maikaʻi ʻia ka fin dorsal. ʻO nā kīwī heneʻa, ma kahi ʻē aʻe, nunui, ākea a ākea. Ma ka ʻōpū o pū ʻia he ʻelua pā o nā ʻili o nā ʻili, a ʻaʻole i maopopo nā hana i ʻike ʻia. ʻO nā wehewehe o nā kikoʻī i hopu ʻia e hoʻonui i ke kāne ka 1.7 m. Ua nui loa nā wahine, ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o 2 m He lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o ke kala o nā ʻano kaulike.
Hoʻohui maikaʻi ʻia ke kapa ʻeleʻele loa i ka noho ʻana. Nui kona naʻau i piha i ka lipids (nā momona momona), e kākoʻo ana i ke kino o ka holoholona i ka kolamu wai me ka ʻole o ka hoʻoikaika nui. ʻO kēia māka kahi o nā mea liʻiliʻi e loaʻa kahi laina "puʻu" hiki iā ʻoe ke noʻonoʻo i ke neʻe ʻana o ka mea hiki i nā pōʻino a hiki i nā kūlana ʻike ʻole maikaʻi.
Ka hoʻokō koʻikoʻi o nā squids i kaʻai ʻana i nā makaka i ke poʻo nui. Ua hōʻike ʻia kēia, ʻoiai ke ʻano hohonu o ke kai, he ala ikaika nei ia o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka meaʻai, ʻaʻohe maʻamau no nā mea hohonu hohonu. Eia nō naʻe, e hoʻomanaʻo e loaʻa nā iʻa he 6 gill, a hāmama ka waha, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka ʻū haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. Hiki i ka waha hāmama wikiwiki ke hana ʻana i ka hopena o ka "suction", no laila ʻo ka ʻimi ʻana no ka squid hiki i kahi mea keʻike wale ʻia i ka mea hihia ʻole. Akā ke wānana wale kēia, ʻoiai ke nānā ʻana i ka iho i loko o kona ʻano kūlohelohe maoli ʻaʻole naʻe i hiki ke lanakila.
ʻO kekahi ala ʻē aʻe e ʻimi ai i ka ʻiʻo corrugated ʻo ia ke alo i mua me kona waha e hāmama nui ʻia ana ma kahi o nā mea i hala. Hoʻomoʻa ʻia kēia i ka ʻoʻī lōʻihi, e hiki ai i ka iʻa e hoʻomaikaʻi, e like me ka nahesa. ʻO ke kūʻē pōkole pōkole ke kūʻēʻē ʻana i ka ʻatikala i ka ʻāpono ʻia ʻana o ke ʻano o kahi o ka hohonu.
Ua ʻike ʻia kahi liʻiliʻi e pili ana i ka pālahalaha ʻana mai o ka maka ʻeleʻele. Akā ua maopopo ke hohonu o 1 km. ʻaʻole hiki ke nānā ʻia ke ʻano lolohila makahiki, he mea e hōʻike ai i ka ulu ʻana o ka iʻa no ka makahiki. ʻAʻohe wahine i ka wahine, akā viviparous. Nā. ʻAʻole waiho nā wahine i nā hua manu, akā lawe wale ia i loko. I ka awelika, he uapo hapai e lawe ana i nā hua he 2-15. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka manawa o ka hāpai ʻana i nā holoholona he mau makahiki 3.5, ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi ma mua o kekahi mau vertebrates. Hoʻohui ka embryo i ka 1,4 cm i hoʻokahi mahina a hiki ke aniani i ka lōʻihi ma 40-60 cm.
No nā kanaka, ʻaʻole kahi weliweli i kahi hiwa paʻa. ʻO ka mea kūpono wale no ka makaʻu, ʻo nā niho koʻikoʻi o ka manō. Ua hōʻeha kekahi mau ʻepekema i ko lākou mau lima aʻo ke nānā ʻana i nā holoholona i hopu ʻia. Lele ʻo ia e hina i loko o nā ʻupena i hoʻonohonoho ʻia e kekahi kanaka, akā make ka iʻa a hiki i ka neʻe ʻana o ka ea. No nā lawaiʻa, he leʻaleʻa like ʻole ka hopu ʻia, no ka mea, he mau wahi i loko o ka wai hohonu, i hoʻolālā ʻia no ke aniani a me ke koʻokeʻo, kahi i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia mai ka hakakā ʻana o nā pēpē like-ʻano, ka mea e hoʻopiʻi ai i nā pio. ʻOiai ke kūʻai ʻia nei i kekahi mau mea i ke kūʻai ʻia aku no ka kūʻai ʻana, akā ʻoi aku ka manawa i hele i ka hana o ka loko.
Nā hiʻohiʻona a me ka noho maʻamau o ka pō
ʻO ka pulu ʻeleʻele kahi o nā ʻano o nā iʻa ʻehā loa, ʻo ia kahi i noho hohonu o ke kai a me kahi mea kūʻai prehistoric. Ma kekahi ala, kapa ʻia ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo corrugated.
Noho ka lapid aul i kahi kaawale aku ma ka hohonu hohonu, ma ke aniani mai 600 a 1000 mau mika. Ua mālama ʻia kēia ʻano paʻakai e noho i nā cataclysms āpau o ka lōʻihi a hiki i kēia lā ua ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi.
ʻO kekahi ʻoihana holomua, e like paha, ua hoʻolako ʻia kēia iʻa no ke ʻano o ke ola hohonu. Heʻuʻuku ʻia nā ʻenemi a lehulehu paha no ia ma kahi hohonu o 600 mika.
ʻO ka mea ma mua o ke kāne me ka shark-like shark i hana i 1880. ʻO ka Kelemānia Kelemānia ʻo Ludwig Doderlein i ʻike mua i kēia hana mana i ka wai e holoi ana iā Iapana. Ua hāʻawi ʻo ia i kāna mau wehewehe a me nā manaʻo no ka hiʻona nani āna i ʻike ai.
Akā no ka mea he nui aku kēia mau wehewehe wehewehe ma mua o ka ʻepekema, he koʻikoʻi kekahi poʻe i kā lākou. Ua ʻatikala ʻia kahi moʻolelo ʻepekema e Samuel Garman, he mea kaulana nui nō hoʻi i ka manaʻo i ka mea e manaʻoʻiʻo ai i ka paʻa ʻana o kēia iʻa. A ma hope wale nō kēlā i hoʻomaka ai ka pōkole ahi e ʻike ʻia he ʻano ʻiʻo maoli o nā ʻano ʻēheu.
No hea hea kēlā mau inoa kupaianaha a nani hoʻi o kēia ʻano kupaianaha kupanaha? He maʻalahi nā mea a pau. Ua kapa lākou iā ia he lacrimal, no kona hoʻohanohano kūlohelohe a he pelekane, he ʻāpana ʻeleʻele poloka a me kona helehelena like a me ke kakina.
Ua hoʻopili ʻo ia no ka mea he nui kāna mau pāpale ma kona kino lōʻihi. ʻ suggestlelo ka poʻe ʻepekema ʻo ke ʻano o kēia mau ʻano he ʻano kaila no ka mea nui e waiho ʻia i loko o ka ʻōpū o ka iʻa.
Ma hope o nā mea a pau, loaʻa i kēia iʻa ʻano kupaianaha a ʻauʻau i ka mea ʻonu iā ia iho. Hoʻomaʻi nui ʻia kona mau niho i nā kui, hoʻohui lākou i loko o kona waha a ʻaʻole kūpono ia no ka ʻūhā a ʻūlū ʻana i ka meaʻai.
Aia ma kahi o 300 o lākou. Akā loaʻa hoʻokahi pono maikaʻi, me kā lākou kōkua, hiki i ka shark ke paʻa i kāna waiwai i loko o ka waha a pale iā ia mai ka pakele, ʻoiai ka heʻowelipele a ka mea make.
ʻIho mangu loaa liilii. Hiki i kāna wahine ke ulu a hiki i ʻelua mau mika. Ke liʻiliʻi iki nā males - 1.5-1.7 mau mika. He kino elongated ka iʻa me ka kāwele me kahi poʻo ākea a ākea.
I ka kiʻi o kahi hiō ka mea maikaʻi loa i kona nānā ʻana me nā maka like ʻole. He nui lākou, oval me kahi kala emerald weliweli. Maikaʻi hohonu lākou i ka hohonu.
Ma laila kahi kokoke i ke ola holoʻokoʻa o ka make. Aia kekahi manawa e piʻi ai kēia iʻa ʻano kupaianaha i ka wai o ka wai. Hana ʻia ka mea i ka pō, i ka manawa o ka makā e loaʻa ai kāna meaʻai.
He mea ʻoluʻolu loa kēia pīpī prehistoric i nā wai wela o ka moana Atlantika a me ka Pākīpika. Ma laila ʻoe e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hālāwai me ia. Ua hui ʻo ia i loko o ka wai e holoi ana iā Brazil, Ausetalia a me Niu Sila, Norekulia. ʻAʻole i aʻo ʻia ma kona ʻano noho maʻamau. Aia paha ke loaʻa ma nā wai o ka Arctic.
Ke noho nei i nā hohonu hohonu loa i kēia iʻa i ka momona o ia, ʻoiai, he ʻokoʻa ka māhuahua nui nui, hoʻopiha ʻia i nā lipid ake hou, a ʻo lākou hoʻi, e kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i ke kino o ka hiō i loko o kahi hohonu o ka wai hohonu me ka pilikia ʻole.
Ka hiʻohiʻona a me ke ʻano o ke kanaka Fiery Shark
He manu nani kupanaha kēia iʻa. Hana maoli ʻo ia, ʻoiai inā he kiʻi. I kēia hihia, kōkua ke shark i kāna mau makahiki o kona ʻike. I mea e huki ai i kahi mea hoʻopihapiha, e noho mālie ana ka iʻa me ka maluhia i ka wai, ʻoiai ʻo ka huelo o kona kaikuʻu e kau ana ma luna o ke kai.
I ka hiki koke ʻana aku o ka ʻai me nā hua hiʻu e kokoke kokoke ana i luna, ua ʻōloʻi ʻo ia i mua me kona waha ākea a ʻōlelo pū i ka mea i pahu o ka hapalua ia o kona lōʻihi.
I ka manawa like, hoʻopili kāna gill, a hoʻokumu i kahi hiaka i ke kaomi hakahaka, e kiʻi ana i ka meaʻai i loko o kona waha. I ka manawa like, ke kōkua kona huelo i ka iʻa e holo wikiwiki, mahalo iā ia e wikiwiki e like me ka nahesa.
ʻO kēlā mau neʻe i hōʻole maikaʻi loa i ka ʻenekane i kahi keʻenehana noho kino. He wahi ʻaoʻao ākea kēia iʻa. ʻAe kēia i ka mea lawe i ka mea wikiwiki a ma kahi mamao loa e hopu i ke ala o kahi mea ola.
ʻO ka pilina a me ka lōʻihi
Ua ʻike ʻia kahi liʻiliʻi e pili ana i kēia ʻano o ka iʻa. Akā ʻoiai ma ka hohonu o kahi e ola ai ka makeke, ʻaʻole ʻike ʻia nā hika o waho.
ʻAʻohe wahine i ka wahine, akā ua manaʻo ʻia he viviparous. ʻO ka nui o nā hua e lawe ai iā ia iho ma waena o 2 a 15 mau huaʻa. ʻ .lelo Kahiko ka lōʻihi loa o nā vertebrates āpau. Ua hōʻaihewa ka wahine i nā hua no 3.5 mau makahiki.
No kēlā me kēia mahina o ka hāpai ʻana, ulu a kāna mau keiki i ka 1.5 cm a 4050 mau kenimika kenimika, ua hānau mua ʻia ka wahine, ʻaʻole e mālama nui ka wahine. Noho ola nā maka hiu i kahi no 25 mau makahiki.
Mea ʻai
He waiwai kupaianahaʻo ia ka mea i hui ʻia - kahi ʻaoʻao kaʻawale. ʻO ia, ʻo ka ʻimi hohonu i ka pouli piha loa, manaʻo ʻo ia i nā neʻe a pau i hana ʻia e kāna pio. ʻEkāmea kapu make squid, stingrays, crustaceans a me kā lākou iho - nāʻuina liʻiliʻi.
Eia nō naʻe, e lilo ia i mea hoihoi loa e like me ka hiʻona o ka lula, ke hiki i ka lawaiʻa wikiwiki. Ua kau ʻia kahi hypothesis ma kēia kumuhana. Manaʻo, ʻo ka iʻa e moe ana ma ka lalo o ka pouli piha e waiho i ka pala me ka ʻohiʻā o kāna mau niho.
A laila hoʻouka koke iā ia, lele like me ka ʻōpala. A i ʻole e pani ana i nā ʻupena i loko o nā mea make, hana ʻia kekahi ʻano ikaika i loko o ko lākou waha, i kapa ʻia he maikaʻi ʻole. Me kāna kōkua, hoʻokō iki ka mea ʻai ma ka waha o ka shark. Hele mai hoʻi ka pio maʻalahi - nā maʻi palupalu, nāwaliwali.
ʻAʻohe nāu ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele i ka meaʻai, akā kālele iā ia āpau. ʻO kāna mau niho nunui, kūlima i loko e hiki ai ke hoʻopaʻa paʻa i ka mea pio.
I ka wā o ke aʻo ʻana i kēia mau hiu, ua ʻike nui nā kānaka ʻepekema i ka haki o kā lākou esophagus. No laila, aia nā manaʻo e loaʻa i nā ākea nui loa ma waena o nā meaʻai, a inā hana wikiwiki ka ʻōnaehana kūwili i ka meaʻai koke o ka ʻā.
No ke aha i kapa ʻia ka mango?
Ua loaʻa i kēia holoholona kahiko kona inoa no ke ʻano o ka nahesa o kahi lōʻihi, kokoke i 2 mika ke kino brown a ua uhi ʻia nā ʻili e uhi ana i nā pani o ka gill. ʻO nā membrane o nā gills, ke kūkuhi i ka ʻāʻī, hoʻokumu i kahi ʻeke ākea o ka ʻili e like me kahi kao.
ʻAʻohe ʻano makehe o kēia ʻano, a ʻaʻole i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka ʻai ma ka vertebrae, a ke hōʻoia hou nei i ka ʻano o ka iʻa lacrimal. Loaʻa nā fins āpau ma kahi kokoke, a i ka lua caudal i hoʻokahi wale nō ka pahi.
ʻO ka nalowale o ka plucker i kāna kūʻokoʻa kaawale. ʻO ka mua, ʻaʻole kū ka waha i ka ʻaoʻao o lalo o ka snout, akā ma kona ʻaoʻao hope loa. E kuʻi ʻia nā niho, ʻelima mau aniani, ka like me ka lei, a hoʻonohonoho ʻia ma kahi ʻano like ʻole no ka heʻe - he liʻiliʻi lākou i mua a ʻoi aku ka nui ma hope. Aia ma kahi o 300 heʻe niho koʻikoʻi ma ka iwi.
E nānā i nā wikiō - ʻĀina poni poʻo:
ʻO ke kanaka prehistoric e makemake i nā wai mahana o ka moana Atlantika, nā ʻōpala, akā, ʻike ʻia lākou i loko o ka Bares a me kokoke i Norway.
Ke alakaʻi nei ka shark kahiko i kahi ola benthic, ola ma kahi hohonu a hiki i 1,500 mau mika a hānai nui i nā cephalopods, flounder a me nā crustaceans. Akā, ʻaʻole ʻo ia e hōʻole i nā ihu o nā ʻano ʻē aʻe e like me ka pāʻina.
ʻO ka mea maʻamau wale nō, ua loaʻa ka ʻike e hiki i kēia ʻano ke kū i ka hele - a me ka loli o ke ʻano a i ʻole ka nele o ka meaʻai, ua hoʻokokoke kekahi iʻa me ka chimera.
ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona o ka Shark Prehistoric
Hoʻouka ʻia ke kūlelolo e ka hui ʻana, a laila, kī ikaika i ke kiʻī ʻana me kona kino holoʻokoʻa, e like me ka nahesa, a me nā ʻāʻī lōʻihi me nā ʻili kino i hiki ke hopu i ka waiwai holoʻokoʻa. Hiki i nā puhō ke poʻo i ka paʻakai i ka hapalua o kona lōʻihi.
Eia kekahi, hoʻokumu lākou i ka manaʻo ʻino ma ke pani ʻana i nā hōʻiliʻili, a hānai i nā mea make i ka waha.
ʻO nā mea i ʻike ʻia o nā mea ʻoki aine mea i ʻike ʻole ai e hiki ke hoʻomaopopo i nā ʻike o loko o ka ʻōpū, e hōʻike ana i nā nui nui ma waena o nā ʻai a i ʻole ka wikiwiki ʻana.
Kāhea nui ke poʻo kalele. Noho ka wahine a ka wahine ma kahi o 2 mau makahiki, me ka nui o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana a hiki i 3.5 mau makahiki, a ma hope o ka hānau ʻia ʻana nā kūlike like like a 2-3.
ʻO ka wā gestation no kēia ʻano nui ka nui o nā vertebrates āpau. Kākahi pēpeku keiki hou o kahi waʻa prehistoric lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o 50 cm.
I ka wā kahiko, ua kaʻaʻi nā puhō prehistoric i nā hohonu hohonu, e hoʻolilo ana i ka makaʻu i ka poʻe noho ma laila. Akā i kēia manawa ʻaʻole ka hakahaka o nā māke loiloi i ko lākou kuleana i ke alakaʻi ʻana i loko o ke kai nui - ʻoiai ua paʻakikī ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi holoholona ikaika a ikaika i kahi lele ahi.
ʻIke maoli ka hiʻohiʻona o ka mango ahi ʻekahi:
ʻIke maoli ka ʻike o 2013
ʻO ka hopu ʻana o kekahi lawaiʻa mai ka mokuʻo Shandong ma Malaki 2013 i lilo koke ai i leo nui mai ka honua o nā hiu i ka mau makahiki hou: ua hāʻule nā koena o kahi hāhi ahi a prehistoric i loko o ka upena lawaiʻa.
ʻO ka nui o ka ʻūhā i hopu ʻia he chimera shark he mea kupanaha loa - 3,5 mau mika. Ma mua, ua manaʻo ʻia ua hiki i nā hiʻupaʻa ʻano huluhulu i ka nui o ka 2-2.5 mika.
ʻO ka hapa nui, ʻike kēia i nā hoʻololi koʻikoʻi i ka ʻike theoretical no kēia ʻano heʻena a hāpai hou i ke kumumanaʻo o ke ala ʻana i ka "monsters" prehistoric o ka honua o ka wai, i nā kikoʻī, ʻo nā moʻī kupanaha loa.
E nānā i ke wikiō - Ke koena o ka hii prehistoric relict:
Ke kali nei ʻole o nā hopena o nā noi mua, ua paʻa ʻia nā kūkākūkā hoʻomaʻamaʻa holoʻokoʻa e hoʻoponopono ai i ka nīnau - nona ka ʻāpana o kēia ʻōpala - he iʻa a manuʻa paha, he mea maoli a kūlohelohe paha, etc.
Ua hōʻike ʻia nā manaʻo i ka ʻano lei me kahi ʻano makehe i haki ʻia, kahi i hōʻoki ʻia e nā pua a hoʻolei ʻia, a ʻike hou ʻia kēia. ʻO kekahi poʻo nui i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ke kino i hoʻouna ai i nā kānaka ʻepekema i nā ʻano prehistoric o nā ʻīlio i lalo o ke kai, a ʻo ka huelo ka hiʻona i ka superorder o nā pika.
Wahi a nā hopena o nā hoʻokolokolo, ua ʻike ʻia ʻo ke ʻano o ka hiehole ʻana, ke ʻano o ka huila a me ke ʻano o ka ʻūhā o ka mea i hopu ʻia e hiki ai i ke ʻano i nā koena o kahi pīhoihoi nui. ʻO kahi kumu o ka make o ka iʻa i ka iʻa he nīnau ʻē aʻe.
Ianuali 2015 - ke kūmole o kahi hii ahi i loko o nā wai o Australia
Ma Ianuali 21, aia kekahi hanana ʻē aʻe i hele aku ma mua o ka loiloi o ka ʻenekema ichthyological a ua hiki iā ia ke "haʻalulu" i kā lākou mau ʻike ʻepekema āpau e pili ana i ke ola a me ke ola o nā kūpuna kahiko.
I loko o nā wai o Australia - i loko o Gipsland ma waho o ke kapakai o Victoria - ua hopu ʻia kahi iʻa lawaiʻa e nā lawaiʻa!
No laila, no ke kolu o ka mau makahiki hou, he mākaukau o ka ʻano prehistoric ola o kahi ʻohana shark i hoʻāla i nā kai o ke kai, kahi i kū ʻole ʻia ai, akā, ma ka hewa, ʻaʻohe kumu kumu no ka noiʻi ʻepekema kaulana loa a i ʻole nā wānana futurological.
Ma waho aʻe o ke ʻano kupaianaha o ka mea i ʻike ʻia nā maka makeke, ʻike ʻia kekahi wahi kupanaha. Ua hopu ʻia kēia loea ma loko o ke Kaiʻāina, e ʻae ʻole i ka manaʻo i hiki ʻole i nā "ploskatos" i hiki ʻole ke noho i loko o nā wai mahana (hoʻomanaʻo, ua ʻōlelo nō nā ichthyologists i ke ola o kēia ʻano i kēia manawa wale nō ma ka Atlantika a me ka Moana Pakipika).
Ua huli kekahi ʻano manawaleʻa i ke olakino, ʻo ia hoʻi, i ka helu ʻana o nā kānaka ʻepekema e pili ana i nā "makemake" e pili ana i kēia ʻano holoholona, he hewa a i ʻole ka hemahema ma muli o nā ʻano like ʻole o ka like ʻole.
Eia naʻe, e like me ka ʻelele o ka Ahahui ʻElani Hui Pūʻali, ʻaʻole i hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā kiki i kēia mau wahi ma mua.
ʻO ka hohonu hohonu mai kahi i hāpai ai ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana o Ausetalia e pili ana iā 700 mika, e pili ana i nā palena mua i hoʻopaʻa ʻia o kona pae.
ʻO ka nui o nā pate pēpē i hopu ʻia ma kahi o 2 mika, e pili ana i ka palena kiʻekiʻe o kona lōʻihi.
ʻO ka ʻōlelo a nā loea e pili ana i kahi manō kahiko i hopu ʻia ma Australia
ʻO kahi ʻōlelo e ka ʻepekema o University University o Australia e pili ana i ka ʻūhā i hala.
ʻO ka mea mua a me ka kūpono i kēia kūlana, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻo ke ʻano o ka ʻike ʻana. ʻO kēia ʻano, ʻoi loa, ua loaʻa mua i nā loli élohelohe i ka wikiwiki, a hiki paha i ke acclimatization holomua.
E kūʻē i ka kua o ko ke ake ʻana o ka hoʻomehana ʻana o ka honua, ua ʻike nā neʻe o nā holoholona moana i nā ala "ʻākau" i, i.e. ma nā wai anuanu o mua i nā wahi ʻākau.
Maanei mākou e ʻike ai i kahi pālahalaha, ma ka manawa mua, ke neʻe i ka wai mahana. Hōʻoia ka hypothesis ma loko o ka shark lacquered, ʻoiai ʻo nā ʻano kahiko loa, ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki o ka ʻiʻo ma mua o ke koena, i.e. ua hoʻoponopono ʻē ʻo ia i nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, no laila ua hiki iā ia ke ʻimi i kona kino e like me ka mea i loko o lākou.
I ka huaʻōlelo ʻē, he mea pono paha no ka mea kālai mua e hoʻomaʻamaʻa mua i nā kūlana o ka hoʻomehana ʻana o ka honua, ʻoiai ke maopopo ʻia a hiki ʻole i ka lawa pono no nā poʻe wānana o nā wahi ʻākau, no ka mea e noho ʻia lākou e nā ʻūke ikaika, a ʻo ka arthropod e ola i loko o nā kūlana paʻakikī o nā hohonu, nā mahana a me ka woha.
Ua ʻike mua ʻo ʻepekema i nā wā i loaʻa i nā pōpoki ʻeleʻele ka "hōʻeha" mai kona mau hoa puhaka - ua wehewehe ʻia kēia ʻoiaʻiʻo e nā hoʻokūkū interspecific ma waena o kēia mau mea hana. No laila, ua hopu wale ʻia kekahi poʻe me ka ʻole o nā haki ʻōpala, kahi hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia e nā mea nui.
No laila, i mea e ola hou ai i nā cataclysms honua hou, pono nui kēia ʻano holoholona i ka hohonu o ka hohonu.
No ka makemake i kēia ʻanuʻu, hiki i kekahi ke kuhikuhi i ke ʻano o ka ʻano o ka lawehala ʻano nui o ka lawenaʻa iʻa, i hoʻomaka ʻia ma 2014-2015. e hoʻouka i ke kahakai Kepani.
ʻO ka Jellyfish, ʻoi aku nā mea ʻoi aku ka "mua" i mua o nā mea kai nui, manaʻo paha he koho ʻōiwi - e make i nā kūlana o ka piʻi ʻana o ke kai, a i ʻole hana iā lākou ma mua o lākou.
Ma Australia, ua loaʻa kahi hii ahi prehistoric:
I ka nānā ʻana o ka mea i hōʻike mua ʻia, hōʻike ka ʻepekema ʻoiai, ma hope o ka sham lamellar, jellyfish a me nā ʻano "primitive" ʻano o ka biocenosis honua i nā wai mahana, i ka wā e hiki mai ana, ʻoi aku paha ke kākau inoa i nā ʻano ʻike liʻiliʻi ʻelua o ka nui o ka manu, a me nā ʻano hou o ka iʻa a me ka holoholona i ʻike ʻole ʻia. . ^ E Ha yM.
ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, e ʻike ʻia lākou e hoʻi i ka poʻe nāhelehele nui i loko o nā wai ʻākau, ʻoiai ke hoʻoweliweli ʻia ka hoʻoweliweli ʻana mai o lākou aku i kahi e hiki ai ke hoʻonui i ke ʻano o ka hoʻomaikaʻi.
Eia kekahi, e noʻonoʻo pono nā ʻepekema i nā pilikia o ka hoʻokaʻawale i nā noho hou i nā koi o nā ʻano kai o kēia mau ʻano, ʻoiai, he mea maopopo, e hoʻonohonoho hou ʻia lākou a pau i loko o nā kaulahao meaʻai hou i nā wahi wai mahana a, ma muli nō, e hoʻomohala i nā hoʻolālā hopu hou.
Ma ke ala, ʻike loiloi piha o ka ʻōpū a me nā kiko o loko o ka ʻōpū o ka puhā ahi nui a ka Australia e hāʻawi iā mākou i nā pane ma kēia mau puʻupuʻu.
E hahai mākou i ka ʻike hou ʻana i kēia pae.
Kāleka
Holoi nui ʻia ke kino kupaianaha kīwaha, kahi e hāʻawi ai i ke ʻano o ke ʻano o ka nahe a me ka ʻuna hoʻi paha. Palahala nui ka poʻo. Ua hōʻoki ʻia ʻo Muszle me nā ʻōwili ākea. ʻEhā ka laulu o nā nostrils. Hoʻokahele i nā ʻili o ka ʻili i nā lua o nā lua - ka komo a me ka hopena. Nui nā maka, me ka pale ʻana ole nā membrane, oriented horizontal. Aia ka waha ma kahi kokoke i ke kihi o ka maka. Lōʻihi nā loʻaka a me nā kelepona, no ka mea, ua hoʻopili pono ʻia lākou i ka ʻūhā, e hāʻawi i nā māka e hāmama ka waha a wikiwiki. ʻAʻohe mea ʻili o nā ʻili i nā kihi o ka waha.
Hōʻea nā gill lōʻihi i ʻeono pālua. Ua uhi ʻia lākou e nā mikill gill, ka pālahalaha ākea o nā ʻili, he hoʻomaʻamaʻa iā lākou nei i loaʻa ai kēia inoa o nā ʻano hiʻu. Loaʻa nā membrane o nā crevices mua i ka ʻūhā a, i ka wā e pili ana, e hana ʻaliki nui loa. He ʻoluʻolu loa ke ʻano o ka pahu kākala. ʻO ka helu o ka vertebrae he 160-171.
Aia nā māpala (koe wale nā pectorals) i ka huelo. He nui nō hoʻi ka paʻu ventral, kahi kokoke i ka anal anal. Noho pololei ma luna o lākou wale nō ka hope hope dorsal paʻa. Ua pōkole loa nā pōpili pectoral. Anal fin nui. Kūpaʻa ka hope caudal, ʻo ia wale nō ka puʻu haʻahaʻa, aia kahi ʻano like ʻole triangular. ʻElua mau ʻōpū ma ke ʻōpū, hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e ka pua. ʻAʻole maopopo ka manaʻo o ko lākou manaʻo. ʻAʻole i like nā kāne, ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ka wahine i ka mahele waena o ke kino a paʻa i ka pūpū a me nā loina anal. ʻO nā unahi Placoid ma ke kino he liʻiliʻi, me kahi ʻaoʻao a beveled. Ma ka moni caudal, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā unahi i kahi nui. Eia nō hoʻi, aia nā ʻaka o kēia ʻano ʻano i kapa ʻia ka laina lateral lateral.
Keeth Shark ʻilā
Heʻuʻuku nā niho, aia ma ka waha he sparse, ʻekolu mau ʻāpana a ʻae ʻia nā iwi ʻoi, ma nā wahi ʻelua i waena o nā ʻano nui. He nui nā niho (a hiki i 300). ʻO ka maʻa luna e kū ana mai 19 a 28 mau laina o nā niho, ka lalo - mai 21 a 29 mau laina o nā niho. Hōʻehu nā niho puhaka i keʻokeʻo. Ke neʻe me ka waha hāmama, hoʻowalewale ʻia ka maka e ka ʻai na lākou.
Mālama
Noho ka pali ʻeleʻele e noho i nā wahi liʻiliʻi o ke kai, ka pālahalaha ʻia ʻana me ka loko o Atlantika a me ka Pākīpika. ʻO kahi ākea loa kahi i hopu ʻia ai nā ʻikekahi o kēia ʻano, ʻo ke kapakai ʻākau o Norewai, a ʻo ke kūkulu hema loa - ʻo ke kahakai kahiki o Aotearoa.
ʻO nā ʻāina ma ke kahakai kahi e loaʻa ai kahi ʻāpala ahi: ʻo United States o ʻAmelika Hui PūʻIa (me Hawaii), Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana, Venezuela, Chile, Portugal (me nā Azores), Nui Pelekane, Noremānia, ʻAlani, Palani, ʻApelila, Morocco, Mauritania, Taiwan , Iapana, Australia, (New South Wales) New Zealand.
Hoʻaiho
ʻO nā puhaka Placid kahi poʻe hoʻohemo benthic. Noho lākou ma ka papa ʻāina o nā kaila o luna a ma ka ʻaoʻao o waho o ka papa o ka konohiki. Akahi loa lākou ʻike ʻia i nā wai ākea. Ākea ka laulā hohonu - mai 0 a hiki i 1570 mika. ʻO ka pinepine, mālama ʻia nā pika i ka hohonu o 120 a 1000 mau mika. Nā neʻe ma ka lele (e kū i ka hohonu a i luna a i hope) i ka pōʻeleʻele.
Shark keʻokeʻo (Chlamydoselachus anguineus)
I ikeia, o ko wai leau a oi ka wai wela no ka hooli ana a hiki i + 15 ° C. Ke piʻi nei ke kiʻekiʻe o ka wai ma luna o kēia hōʻailona, e ʻoki ana nā pika i loko o ka wai hohonu, kahi maloʻo ia loa. Hoʻohālike ʻia kēia mai ʻAukake a ʻAukake. Aia hoʻi kahi māhele o ka hohonu e like me ka makemake e hoʻohālikelike a me ka nui o nā kanaka.
ʻO ka kumu o ke ʻano a me ka wehewehe
ʻAoina: Shark ʻāpono i ulu ʻia
No ka mea mua, ua hōʻike ʻakaʻaka ʻo ia i ka ʻekekema i ka olelistie Kelemania ʻo L. Doderlein, ka mea i kipa iā Iapana mai ka makahiki 1879 a i ka makahiki 1881 a hāʻawi i ʻelua mau spemens o nā ʻano ʻano i Vienna. Akā ua pau kāna palapala kākau e hōʻike nei i ka ʻano. ʻO ka wehewehe mua i hiki mai iā mākou ua hōʻike ʻia e ka zoologist ʻAmelika Huipūlani S. Garman, ka mea i loaʻa i kahi wahine he 1.5 m ka lōʻihi, i loaʻa ma Sagami Bay. Ua paʻi ʻia kāna hōʻike "The Extrayen Shark" i ka makahiki 1884. Ua waiho ʻo Garman i kahi ʻano hou ma kāna ʻano a me kona ʻohana a kapa ʻo ia iā Chlamydoselachus ʻuinehai.
ʻIke maoli nō: Manaʻo kekahi mau loea mua e pili ana i ka ʻeleʻele poʻo i ka hui ola o nā pūʻulu piha o ka iʻa-gill cartilaginous iʻa, akā ma hope nā haʻawina i hōʻike ai i nā like like ma waena o nā mango ʻeleʻele a me nā hui i hoʻopau ʻia, ka mea nui a me ka hoʻopunipuni, a me kēia ʻeke he nui nā iwi o nā ʻūlaha a me nā hana muscular e paʻa mau nei. iā ia me nā mea hiʻona o kēia manawa.
Ua ʻike ʻia nā lua manu ʻo nā manō i nā mokupuni ʻo Chatham ma Aotearoa nei, i loaʻa i ka wā Cretaceous a me Paleogene, me nā koena o nā manu a me nā koina puʻupuʻu, e hōʻike ana i kēlā manawa i noho ai kēia mau hiwa i loko o ka wai pāpaku. Ua hōʻike ʻia nā haʻawina mua o nā ʻano Chlamydoselachus e hōʻike ana nā kānaka e noho ana i ka wai pāpaku i nā niho nui a ikaika hoʻi no ka ʻai ʻana i nā invertebrates paʻakikī.
ʻAuhea e noho ai ka pōkā ahi.
Kuhi: Nā poʻo ʻeleʻele i ka wai
Loaʻa kekahi ʻiʻo e ʻike ʻia ma nā wahi ākea pālahalaha loa i ka loko moana a me ka moana Pacific. Ma ka ʻaoʻao hikina o Atlantika, noho nō ia ma ke komohana o raki, ʻĀpana Pōkia me ke komohana ʻĀpana, ma France a ʻo Maroka, me Mauritania a me Madeira. Ma ke kikowaena waena, ua hopu ʻia ka puhopa ma nā wahi ma waena o ka Mid-Atlantic Range, mai Azores a hiki i ka Rio Grande Rise ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o Brazil, a ʻo ia hoʻi ma Vavilov Ridge ma West Africa.
Ma ke komohana o ka Pakipika, ua ʻike ʻia ʻo ia i nā wai o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, ʻo Suriname a me Georgia. Ma ka Pākīpika komohana, ua mokulu ka hapa manō i ka ʻaoʻao hema a puni Aotearoa. Ma ka waena a me ka hikina o ka Pakipika, ua ʻike ia ma Hawaii a ma Kaleponi, USA a me ke kūloko o Kili. Hōʻike ʻia nā ʻano hiu like Shark i loko o ke Komohana Hema no nā ʻano like ʻole i ka 2009. ʻIke ʻia kēia hiwa ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka ʻāina nūhou a ma nā ʻaoʻao kuahiwi waena a waena. ʻIke ʻia ma ka hohonu o 1570 m, ʻoiai ʻaʻole ia i ka hohonu ma mua o 1000 m mai ka ihu o ke kai.
Ma ke kai ʻo Suruga, ʻoi aku ka maʻamau o ka pate ma ka hohonu o 50-250 m, me ka ʻole ka wā mai ʻAukake a hiki i Nowemapa, i ka wā o ka pā anuʻu wai 100 m ma mua o 16 ° C a hele nā pika i nā wai hohonu. I nā hihia liʻiliʻi, ʻike ʻia kēia ʻano ma ka ʻaoʻao. Uā kokoke ke poʻo i nā kapa ʻeleʻele i ka palena, i nā wahi o nā ʻeleʻele liʻiliʻi.
Eia naʻe, eia ka mea ʻai, e hoʻolilo ʻo ia i mea nui i ka wai wai. Hiki i kēia mau ʻano ke hana i kahi piʻi piʻipiʻu, e hoʻokokoke ana i ka papa i ka pō e hānai ai. He kuʻuna spatial i ka nui a me ke kūlana hoʻohuli.
ʻĀnō ʻoe e ʻike ai i kahi i loaʻa ai ka ʻeleʻele poʻo. E ʻike i nā mea e ʻai ai kēia platypus.
He aha e ʻai ai ka hiu pēpē?
Kuhi: Prehistoric Fiery Shark
ʻO ka huaʻelima elongated o ka puhoi Fiery he mea maʻalahi loa, hiki i kā lākou mau lua ke kau i nā ʻāpana nui, e ʻae iā ʻoe e ʻai i kekahi mea i ʻoi aku i ka hapalua o ka hapa o kēlā. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka lōʻihi a me ke ʻano o nā ʻūhā e hōʻike ana, ʻaʻole hiki i ka mango ke hana i kahi pōpoki ikaika, e like me nā holoholona akaka maʻamau. I ka hapa nui o nā mea i hoʻopili ʻia, ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻole ʻia nā ʻike o nā pūpū a i ʻole hiki ʻole ke ʻike ʻia, kahi e hōʻike ai i kahi kahe nui o ka kahe ʻana a wā lōʻihi paha ma waena o nā kīpē.
ʻO nā heihei i kālai ʻia ka maka o ka cephalopods, nā iʻa bony, a me nā kaika liʻiliʻi. Loaʻa he 590 g o ka Japanese feline shark (Apristurus japonicus) i loaʻa i hoʻokahi kanaka i hopu 1,6 m ka lōʻihi. E pili ana nā squid i ka 60% o kaʻai iʻa i loko o ke kai ʻo Suruga, kahi e neʻe nei me ka neʻe ʻana o ka lawena lawaiwa hohonu e like me Histioteuthis a me Chiroteuthis, akā, he nui nā lawaiʻa ikaika e like me Onychoteuthis, Todarodes a me Sthenoteuthis.
ʻAi ʻia ka pulu ʻeleʻele:
ʻO nā ala o ka hopu ʻana i nā pika e neʻe ikaika ana me kahi hiʻekuʻe lohi, ʻo ka laconic shark ke kumuhana o ke kikoʻī. Malia paha e hopu ana i kahi kanaka i ʻeha a i ʻole nā ʻūhā a make hoʻi ma hope o ka spawning. Eia kekahi, hiki iā ia ke hopu i ka mea i hoʻopihapiha, e kūlou ana i ke kino e like me ka nahesa a me ke kau ʻana ma nā iwi i kū ma ka kua, e hoʻolauna i kahi neʻe wikiwiki.
Hiki iā ia ke pani i nā kīpē i loko o nā kīʻaha, e hoʻokumu ai i ka paū maikaʻi ʻole e luhi i ka mea pio. ʻO nā niho liʻiliʻi a ʻōlima o nā manō ahi e hiki maʻalahi ke hopu i ke kino a i ʻole ke ʻekena o ka pisa. Hiki iā lākou ke hānai i ka kāula, e iho ana mai luna o ke kai.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me nā ʻano hana
ʻO ke kiʻi: ʻO ke poʻo nui o ka Red Red Book
ʻO Plasma kahi pīhoihoi, loko o ke kai i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e noho ma lalo o ke one. ʻO kēia kekahi o nā ʻano mea pōkole loa o ka puhipuhi, kiʻekiʻe loa no ka ola hohonu i ke kai. He haʻahaʻa, ʻilihune palupalu a me ka nui haʻahaʻa piha ʻana i ka lipids haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, kahi i hiki ai iā ia ke mālama i kona kūlana i ka pahu wai me ka nui o ka hoʻoikaika.
Hiki i kona ʻoihana kūwaho ke hoʻonui i ka hoʻouluulu ʻana i nā neʻe liʻiliʻi loa o ka mea pio. Loaʻa nā poʻe he nui me kahi ʻole o nā kuʻikuʻu o ka huʻu, aia paha ma ke ʻano o ka hoʻouka ʻana e nā ʻano ʻēa ʻē aʻe. Hiki i kahi hulī keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo ke hopu i ka waiwai ma o ka pīhoihoi i kona kino a e holo wikiwiki e like me ka nahesa. ʻO nā moʻī lōʻihi, neʻe e ʻae ʻo ia e hoʻopau i ka mea hoʻopono. He ʻano nui kēia ʻano: nā keiki i puka mai nā ʻoki hua i loko o ka ʻōpū o ka makuahine.
Ua ʻike ʻia kēia mau ʻale kai hohonu i nā leo a i ʻole nā uʻa uila mai kahi mamao loa a i nā impulses uila i hoʻoiho ʻia mai nā ʻiʻo o nā holoholona. Eia kekahi, loaʻa iā lākou ka hiki ke ʻike i nā loli i nā neʻe wai. Loaʻa nā ʻike liʻiliʻi ma ke ola o nā ʻano, hiki i ka pae kiʻekiʻe loa he 25 mau makahiki.
ʻO ka hoʻolālā ʻenehana a me ka hana hou
Kuhi: iho hi
Hoʻokomo ʻia ka fertilization ma loko, i nā pūkī hua manu a i ʻole oviducts o ka wahine. Pono nā kāne i hopu i ka wahine, maneuver i kona kino e hoʻokomo i kā lākou mau ʻili a kuhikuhi i ka ʻōpū i loko o ka lua. Kūkulu ka mea hoʻouluulu i ka meaʻai ma mua o ka huaʻala, eia naʻe ka ʻokoʻa o ka paona o ka pēpē a me ka hua e hōʻike ana ʻo ka makuahine i ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka meaʻai mai nā kumu ʻike ʻole.
I nā wahine pākeke, ʻelua mau hana kūpono i hoʻokahi ovaries o ka hana a hoʻokahi ʻōpio ma ka ʻākau. ʻAʻohe o kēia ʻano holoholona i kahi wā hoʻoulu, no ka mea, ke ola nei ka larky i ka hohonu hohonu kahi ʻaʻohe kumu o ke ʻano. Hiki i nā kānaka ka 15 kāne a me nā 19 mau wahine kōlio. ʻO ka nui o ka lili mai ka lua a i ʻumikūmālima mau kūlā, ka awelika o ʻeono. Kūʻē ka hua ulu hou i ka wā hāpai, hiki mai ma muli o ka nele o ka nui o loko o ke ana o ke kino.
ʻO nā hua wai i hoʻomaka ʻia a me nā embryos i kahi hoʻomaka mua o ka hoʻomohala ʻia, e hoʻopili ʻia i loko o ka momona melemele ellipsoid keʻokeʻo. I ka 3 cm ka lōʻihi o ka lāmona, kuhikuhi ke poʻo, ʻaʻole ākea nā ʻōpala, hoʻomaka e ʻike nā gills o waho a ua ʻike ʻia nā fins. Hoʻopoke ʻia ka capsule hua ʻia i ka wā i loaʻa ai ke kō i ka ʻāpana he 6-8 cm ka loa, a hoʻoneʻe ʻia mai ke kino o ka wahine. I kēia manawa, kūleʻa kā nā mākea waho o waho o ka embryo.
ʻO ka nui o ka ʻeke aʻehā mau e kū mau nei a hiki i 40cm ka lōʻihi o ka Emryonika ma hope o ka hoʻomaka ʻana e emi iho, ʻo ia hoʻi a nalowale loa ma ke kāmina lōʻihi o 50 cm.Ke hoʻonui nei ka ulu ʻana o ka embryo i ka 1,4 cm i kēlā me kēia mahina, a ʻo ka manawa holoʻokoʻa a me ka hapalua ka lōʻihi, ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi a ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi ma mua o nā vertebrates. ʻO ka 40 ka lōʻihi o nā pānu hānau i mālama ʻia i nā keiki i ka wā ma hope o ka hānau ʻana.
ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o nā Lau Fiery
Kuhi: Nā poʻo ʻeleʻele i ka wai
Nui nā puʻukani kaulana i hoʻoili ʻia ma kēia mau hiʻona. Ma kahi o ka mea e hoʻomake ai i ka hapa nui o nā māka i hopu ʻia i ka ʻupena e like me ka hopu, nā māka liʻiliʻi e ʻimi pinepine ʻia e nā iʻa nui, nā stingrays a me nā hiu nui loa.
Ma kahi kokoke i ke kahakai, nāʻuʻō, nā manu hiʻi e piʻi kokoke aku i ka ʻōpū o ka wai i hopu ʻia e nā kai a ke kai paha. No ka mea e noho lākou i nā benthos, ua hopu pinepine ʻia lākou i kekahi manawa i ka wā e hehi ana a i ʻole nā ʻupena, ke kūleʻa nei lākou a kokoke i ka maka. Hiki i nā waikona nui ke hopu wale i nā kohola pepehi kanaka a me nā hiu ʻē aʻe.
ʻIke maoli nō: He noho lalo nā Placenas a hiki ke kōkua i ka wehe ʻana i nā kupapaʻu. Ke iho nei ʻo Carrion mai nā wai ākea o ke kai a kāohi ma ka lalo, kahi i loaʻa ai nā mea hiʻona a me nā mea ʻano ʻē aʻe he nui i ka hoʻoulu ʻana o nā mea kanu.
ʻAʻole keu kēia mau hiu maikaʻi ʻole, akā hiki i kā lākou mau niho ke wāwahi i ka lima o kahi mea lawaiʻa a nānā ʻole paha e paʻa ana iā lākou. Hopu pinepine ʻia kēia shark ma Suruga Bay i loko o nā ʻupena i lalo loa, a me nā wahi i loko o ka wai i loko o ka wai. Manaʻo ka lawaiʻa Kepani i kēia mea he mea hilahila, ʻo ka hōʻino ʻana i nā ʻupena. Ma muli o ka liʻiliʻi o ka hoʻohuli o ka nui a me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka lawaiʻa o ka lawaiʻa i loko o kona wahi, e kau nā hopohopo e pili ana i kona ola.
Ka pae o nā kānaka a me nā kūlana
Kuhi: He aha ke ʻano o kekahi ʻano hiu
He pālahalaha ka palahā ʻeleʻele, akā he nui ka hemo ma ka Atlantika a me ka Pākīpika moana. ʻAʻohe mea ʻike pili pono i ka helu o ka heluna kanaka a me nā ulu ʻana o nā ʻano o kēia ʻano. Ua ʻike ʻia kahi mea liʻiliʻi loa e pili ana i kona mōʻaukala. Lā ua ʻike ʻia kēia kai hohonu i ka hohonu, nā lawaiʻa a loko o lalo, a me ka lawaiʻa lawaiʻa hohonu.
ʻIke maoli nō: He liʻiliʻi ka waiwai kūʻai kālā o nā māka laconic. I kekahi manawa hewahewa lākou no nā nahele ʻona. E like me ka lawaiʻa a māka, ʻike pinepine ʻia kēia ʻano no ka ʻai, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka iʻa a i ʻole e hoʻolei ʻia.
Ua hoʻonui aku ka lawaiʻa hohonu i nā makahiki i hala aku nei, a aia kekahi hopohopo e hoʻomau nei i ka hoʻonui ʻia, ʻelua a me ke ākea, e hoʻonui i ka nui o ka hopu ʻia o nā ʻano. Eia nō naʻe, ma ka laulā ākea a me ka ʻoiaʻiʻo i nā ʻāina he nui i hopu ʻia kēia ʻano, aia nā kuleana lawaiʻa kūpono a me nā palena paʻa (e like me Australia, New Zealand a me ʻEulopa), helu ʻia kēia ʻano ma ka liʻiliʻi loa.
Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka mea ʻono a me ka ʻike i loko o ka lawaiʻa o ka lawaiʻa e hoʻomaʻamaʻa pono ʻia e ka ʻimi ʻana i ka lawaiʻa e pili ana i ka lawaiʻa a me ka nānā ʻana i ʻike ʻole ʻia kēia ʻano pili i ka wā e hiki mai ana.
Ke nānā ʻana o ka mālama kiaʻi ʻaka
ʻO ke kiʻi: ʻO ke poʻo nui o ka Red Red Book
Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka IUCN Red Listed Shark ma nā holoholona hihiu. Ua ola nā hana ʻōiwi a me nā ʻāina e hōʻemi i nā hopu ʻana i nā mea hohonu hohonu i hoʻomaka e pōmaikaʻi.
I ka European Union, i pili ʻia i nā ʻōlelo aʻo o ka International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES) e ho'ōki i ka lawaiʻa no nā lawaiʻa hohonu, ua kau aku ka European Union (EU) Fisheries Council i kahi palena ʻokoʻa i ka nui o ka hopu i loaʻa no ka hapa nui o nā māka. I ka makahiki 2012, ua hoʻohui ka ʻĀina lawaiʻa o ʻElepika i nā mango ahi i kēia ana a hoʻonohonoho i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka TAC no zero no kēia mau māka hohonu.
ʻIke maoli nō: I nā makahiki i hala aku nei, ua hoʻonui ka lawaiʻa hohonu i ke kai hohonu a hohonu o 62.5 m i hoʻokahi makahiki. Aia nō kekahi hopohopo inā e hoʻomāhuahua ka lawaiʻa hohonu i ka moana, e hopu ʻia e kēia mau mea ulu. Eia nō naʻe, i nā ʻāina he nui i loaʻa mai ai kēia holoholona pili pono, aia nō nā hoʻokele kūpono a me nā palena paʻa no ka lawaiʻa.
Pōho ʻeleʻele ulaula i kekahi manawa i loaʻa ma nā loko i loko o Iapana. Ma ka ʻāpana trawl o ka Commonwealth o Australia ʻ andlika a me Iʻa Kūʻai a me Iʻa kai, ʻo nā hapa nui ma lalo o 700 m ua pani ʻia i ka trawling, kahi e hoʻolako ai i kēia wahi no kēia ʻano. Inā hoʻi e wehe ʻia nā wahi hohonu hohonu no ka lawaiʻa, pono e nānā ʻia nā pae kūpono o kēia a me nā ʻāpana hohonu hohonu. E hopu a nānā i nā ʻikepili no nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole e hoʻomaopopo i ka hopena o ka bycatch i ka poʻe iʻa.
ʻAi ʻai
Ma muli o ka ʻike ʻole ʻia ʻana o nā ʻano hiʻona o kēia ʻano, hiki i kekahi ke kuhi wale pehea e hoʻokele ai i nā ʻīlio maikaʻi ʻole luhi i nā holoholona wikiwiki. Wahi a kekahi ʻōlelo, ua hoʻohāʻī ʻia nā puhō e like me nā huaʻō hiwa nāwaliwali nā māla a hōʻeha a me nā cephalopods i hōʻeha ʻia. Ma kahi ʻē aʻe - ua lawa lākou e wikiwiki koke i ka mea pio, e kūlaki ana i ke kino e like me ka nahesa e hopu. Aia kekahi manaʻo hoʻohālikelike me nā hune keʻokeʻo o ka ʻeleʻele i ka mea i huki ʻia i ka mea pio. Eia kekahi, hiki i nā makika o kēia ʻano holoholona ke huki i ka mea lawe.
ʻAno lawehala
Ke alakaʻi nei nā puhaka Placid i kahi kūlana hohonu hohonu o ke kai. Hele lākou i ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai ma ka pō. I ka mahana o ka wai ma luna o + 15 ° C, lilo nā poʻo i ka lohi a nāwaliwali, pinepine mau i ka make. Hiki i kēia mau hiʻi ke neʻe me ke kōkua o nā pua, e like me nā makika, a me ka leʻa ʻana i ke kino, e like me nā nahesa. Hiki iā lākou ke noho leo me ka leo ʻole ma lalo.
Kahawai
ʻO ka manawa manawa o ka gestation kekahi o nā lōʻihi loa i nā vertebrates - a hiki i ka 3.5 mau makahiki (ma ka palena he 1-2 mau makahiki). I kahi ʻōpō mua o ka hoʻolālā ʻana, he hua ʻeleʻele a ʻōiwi i ke kala gula ʻulaʻula. ʻAʻole pili nā Cubs i kahi pilina pili me ka wahine. ʻO Embryos 3 cm ka lōʻihi ua loaʻa ke poʻo poʻomanaʻo, nā puʻupuʻu a me nā ʻōpū, a ʻike ʻia nā pilule o waho. I nā embryos 6-8-centimeter, ua hoʻopōmaikaʻi maikaʻi nā mea kanu o waho. Eia kekahi, me ka lōʻihi o ke kino, hoʻōloi nā embrys i ka pale pale, kahi e lawe ʻia aku ai mai ke kino aku o ka wahine. I hoʻokahi mahina, ulu nā cubs e pili ana i 1,5 cm ka lōʻihi. Me ka lōʻihi o ke kino o 40 cm, hoʻomaka nā embryo e hoʻohana i ka ʻeke ʻoki i hoʻopaʻa ʻia. Pau nā ʻuala ma mua o ka hānau ʻana.