ʻO Mink kahi mea hoʻoilina liʻiliʻi mai ka ʻohana marten, kahi e pili ai iā lākou e pili ana i nā martens, otters, badger a me nā ferrets. Makemake nā Minks e noho i ka pihi o nā kahawai a me nā wahi nui, ʻoiai ʻo ke kumu o kā lākou ʻai ʻana he iʻa, baki a me ka palake. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole pale ka holoholona i kahi rodents a me nā manu.
Me ka noho ʻana, hoʻohana ka holoholona i ʻolua i nā lua me kona lima ponoʻī, a i ʻole nā malihini. ʻO kahi laʻana, kahi mink i waiho ʻia nā kiole, nā kiole wai, a i ʻole kahi ʻohi poʻomaʻo lalo ʻole o kahi kumulāʻau e ulu kokoke ana i ka loko kūpono i kūpono no kēia kuleana.
I kēia lā aia ʻelua mau pua e pili ana i ka inoa mink - nā mink American a me nā mink ʻEulopa. ʻO kēia ka mea kokoke, akā ke kaʻawale mau i nā holoholona o nā holoholona. Hoʻohui like lākou i ke ʻano, ke alakaʻi i kahi ʻano like like ʻole, akā ma ka hihiu ʻaʻole lākou i uhai, a no laila ua lilo nā mea hoʻokūkū kūloko o kekahi i kekahi.
ʻInklelo mink
Hoʻokomo ʻia nā ʻiʻo elongated Europe a me nā wāwae lima ikaika. ʻO ka lōʻihi ma ke kino he 35-40 cm a kaupaona ʻana ma kahi liʻiliʻi e pili ana i ka 1 kg. Ma ka noʻonoʻo ʻana i ka huelo, ʻo ka lōʻihi a hiki i 60 cm. Ma nā wāwae aia nā membran interdigital, e hoʻomaʻemaʻe ana i ka hiolo ma ka ʻona aʻa. Ka uhi ʻia ka ʻili me ka pulu maloʻo me ka lalo o ka undercoat, kahi hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻole o ke keʻokeʻo. Mahalo i kēia, hiki i nā holoholona ke ʻae i ka wela o ka haʻahaʻa, e komo pū ana i ka wai anu. Paʻa ʻia ka ʻahuʻula ma mua i ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo uliuli. ʻO kekahi hiʻohiʻona maka he helehelena keʻokeʻo, hoʻomaikaʻi i nā mea ʻimi i ke kiʻi i ka mea ʻoluʻolu loa.
A hiki i ka waenakonu o ke kenekulia hope, ua hoʻomāhuahua nā mink European i loko o ka aneane o ʻEulopa, me ka ʻole o ke komohana ʻākau a me ka hema loa. Eia nō naʻe, a hiki i kēia wā, ua hoʻopili ʻia kona wahi no nā ʻāina Vologda a me Arkhangelsk o Rūsia, a me nā pā liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi ma Sepania, Romania a me nā mokuʻo Baltic.
Kūpono paha nā kumu no ka nalowale ʻana o ka holoholona mai ka hapa nui o kona mau moʻolelo kuʻuna, no ka mea, ʻaʻole i loaʻa ka manaʻo hoʻokahi hoʻokahi ma kēia moʻokāki. Manaʻo ia ʻo ke kalapu ʻana a me ka hoʻolaha ʻana o ka mink ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa maʻEulopa i hana i ka hoʻopau wale ʻana o ka "ʻEulopa", ʻaʻole nō naʻe nā kumu kumu maoli no kēia kaʻina hana.
Nā ʻāʻulu amerika
ʻAmelika mink helehelena like a me kona ʻōpio iā ʻEulopa, akā genetically ʻo ia ke kokoke loa i nā sables a me nā martens. Ua manaʻoʻiʻo ua puka aʻe ka "ʻAmelika" a me "ʻEulopa" ma ke ʻano he ʻano kūʻokoʻa kekahi o kēlā me kēia (ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole lākou i hele mai nā kūpuna maʻamau), a ʻo ka like ka waho ka mea i kū mai ai ke ʻano o ke ʻano i nā nohona ola like.
ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino o ka "ʻAmelika" e hele ma ka 60 cm, a e noʻonoʻo i ka huelo - 90 cm.ʻO ke kaupaona ʻana o ka pākeke ma waena o 2-3 kg. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o nā palu wahie, akā ʻoi aku ka nui o ka uhi hulu ma mua o ka "mau wahine ʻōpio" a pena ʻia i ka uliuli a hina. Ma kahi o ka nui, ʻo ka ʻokoʻa ka mea nui ma waena o ka mink ʻAmelika a me ka ʻāʻīwī ʻEulopa ke kala o ka maka: ʻo ka "ʻAmelika" nā pupu ʻili haʻahaʻa a ma nā ʻāpana ʻulaʻula wale, akā ʻo ka "European" he keʻokeʻo a puni ka maka.
ʻO ka noho mōʻīao mōʻaukala o kēia ʻano ma ʻAmelika ʻAmelika. Noho ka ʻumi ʻo Minks i ka ʻāina: ʻaʻole lākou i ʻike wale ma ka ʻaoʻao mamao hema-hikina o Canada, ka hema-komohana o ʻAmelika, ma Mexico a me nā ʻāina o Isthmus o Panama. I ka manawa i hoʻomaka ai ka hana haʻalulu o ka ʻoihana huluhulu i nā kenekulia 20, ua lawe ʻia nā minks ʻAmelika i ʻEulopa a me USSR no ka ulu ʻana i mea e loaʻa ai ka hulu momona. Ka nui o ka poʻe i hoʻokuʻu ʻia ma ka manawa like, a noho a loaʻa i kahi nīnika ʻihi i hoʻokuʻu ʻia i ka wā o ka hoʻopau ʻana o ka mink European. I kēia lā, loaʻa nā ʻAmelika i kēlā me kēia wahi ma ke kūkulu ʻākau o ʻEulopa a me Asia ʻĀkau, ʻoiai hoʻi ma Iapana.
ʻO ke ʻano a me nā hiʻohiʻona o ka "ʻAmelika" ka like me ka mink European, akā no ka nui o ko lākou kino nui, hiki iā lākou ke hopu i nā pōloli liʻiliʻi a nui loa, no ka laʻana, muskrat a me nā manu.
Home mink
A hiki i ka hapa ʻelua o ka kenekulia 19, ʻaʻole i hana ʻia nā ho'āʻo koʻikoʻi e hoʻoili i nā minks. Pau wale ka mālama ʻana i ka hulu manu ma ka lau ʻana i ka nui o ka ulu ʻana no ka hulu, ʻili nā manu me nā holoholona ʻē aʻe. Hoʻomaka ka boom maoli i ka kenekulia 20 i ka USSR, i ukali ʻia me ka hoʻokumu ʻana o nā holoholona nui, kahi, i nā mea ʻē aʻe, ua hoʻomaka ka mink American.
Hāʻawi ʻia nā makemake no ka ʻāʻī o ʻAmelika i ka mahiʻai o ka huluhulu no ka mea ʻo kēia holoholona e hāʻawi ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi a me ka hulu. I kēia lā, me Russia, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka mink breeding i Scandinavia a me Kanada. A ʻo ka loaʻa ʻana o ka male manu holoholona i nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe o ka Pākīpika, ua liʻiliʻi ka hana ʻana i ka hulu ma laila. ʻO kēia no ka hopena o ka momona kūpono a me ka hulu kūpono i hāʻawi ʻia e nā holoholona i ulu i nā climates anuanu. I ka honua, ʻo Lūkia, Kanada a me Scandinavian mink e mahalo nui ʻia.
I ka hapalua ʻelua o ka kenekulia 20, ua hoʻohana ʻia nā mink e like me nā holoholona. Ma kahi o nā pōlio ʻino a me nā ʻīlio, hoʻomaka nā mink e hōʻike i nā hale a me nā home pilikino. Me nā ʻoliʻoli a me nā ʻoniʻoni o kēia holoholona, ʻaʻole ia i hele i kahi ala lōʻihi e koho ai a hoʻohālikelike i nā kūlana o ka hui pū ʻana me nā kānaka, e like me nā ʻīlio like ʻole a me nā ʻīlio. I ka nānā ʻana aku, hiki ke lawe ʻia mai nā minks nui, lawe mai i ka pilikia ma ka mālama home, e hele pū me nā holoholona ʻē aʻe.
Hoʻokomo ʻo Minks i ka mālama wale i ka mea nona hoʻokahi, i ka nānā ʻole ʻana a i ʻole hoʻi hoʻonāukiuki i nā lālā o ka ʻohana, ʻaʻole e haʻi i nā poʻe e hele mai e kipa. ʻO nā mea hoʻohalike, ʻaʻole i mamao loa iā lākou mai kahi ʻāina hihiu, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hoʻolohe a me nā mea aloha holoholona aloha.
Akā naʻe, ʻaʻole kēia manaʻo ʻaʻole kūpono nā minks no ka mālama home. Inā lawe ʻoe i kahi maʻa i ka wā mua e hiki ai a hana i nā mea āpau e hoʻonaʻauao iā ia mai kinohi, hiki iā ia ke huli i kahi ʻano maikaʻi, leʻaleʻa a me ka hoʻolohe.
Mink: mālama mālama holoholona a mālama pono
Ma ke ʻano he pēpē, hiki iā ʻoe ke mālama i nā Pākīpika a me ʻAmelika mink. Eia nō naʻe, ma muli o ka manaʻo o nā ʻano "European" he rarer a a hoʻopaʻa ʻia i loko o ka Red Book, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā mink American.
Ma o nui a me ka nui, ka mālama a me ka mālama ʻana o ka mink i ka hale, ʻaʻole ʻokoʻa ʻē ka manaʻo o ka ferret. ʻO ka hoʻokaʻawale wale nō he mea ʻoluʻolu loa nā minks a ʻike i ka ʻike i loko o ke kelepona maikaʻi loa. Māmā kēia holoholona i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa me ke koena, a i ka ʻai, ʻaʻohe picky ia. ʻO ka maʻamau, hānai i ka mink me ka hui pū o ka laiki a i ʻole kahi kānana buckwheat a me nā ʻiʻo minced. ʻO nā holoholona kūpono e kūpono ai: nā moa, nā iʻa, ka pipi, ka puaʻa. Ke ʻae ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka meaʻai ngō mākaukau.
No ka mea he misms wikiwiki ka minks, hele lākou a maʻalahi. Hoʻopiha ka Pūnaewele i nā wikiō, kahi i piha ai nā mink frolics a me nā ʻole. He holoholona hihiu a maikaʻi maoli kēia, no laila e hōʻemi ai i ka hōʻino i ka hale kūʻai āu e pono ai e hoʻopiha i kahi "pālule" liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi no ka holoholona i loko o ka hale. Holike nui ʻia ia e lawe i ka holoholona i waho no ka hele.
I ka manawa like, pono ʻoe e mākaukau no ka ʻike ʻole, ʻoiai ʻoe ʻole ʻole i ka hale, waiho kuikahi ʻo ia ka mea holoholona i kāu mau mea ma loko a i kahi ʻano i kūpono iā ia. ʻAe nā lima a me kahi kino kūpono e ʻāloi i ka mink i nā wahi a pau, e komo ai i nā wahi mai kahi e hiki ʻole ai iā ia ke hele i waho. No laila no ka manawa o kona haʻalele ʻana, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka pani ʻana i ka holoholona ma kahi kīwaha ākea a i ʻole aviary.
I ka makemake nui o Minks i ka wai, no laila pono ʻoe e hāʻawi i ka holoholona me ka liʻiliʻi i kahi kiʻi ʻana o kahi kōpana - kahi ʻāpana poʻomaʻo a i ʻole kahi mea ʻauʻau pilikino ponoʻī. No kēia leʻaleʻa, mahalo nui ka mink iā ʻoe.
E like me nā ferrets, nā minks he ʻono ʻokoʻa. ʻAʻole hiki ke ʻaeʻokoʻa a pau, akā hoʻomaʻemaʻe pinepine ʻia ʻo ia i ka "sayang", hiki ke hoʻemi ʻia. No ka mālama i ke olakino o ka mink home, pono ia e pāpā ʻia i kēlā me kēia manawa (ʻoi aku ka hele pinepine o ka mink ma ke alanui) a ka hau dew.
10 mau kānāwai no ka ʻikepili o ka mink home
ʻO ka poʻe makemake e loaʻa nā loiloi home mink a me nā ʻōlelo aʻo mai ka poʻe ʻike e ʻike pono ia.
- He mea wale nō e lawe i kahi mink ma mua o kahi pēpē (ma kahi o hoʻokahi mahina) a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o ke kāne, no ka mea ʻoi aku ka ʻoi aku o ka wahine. Ke lawe ʻana i ka home holoholona, pono ʻoe e hana mau i kāna hana ʻana. Inā ka hapa nui o ka lā e hana ai ʻoe, e waiho ka holoholona i kona mau mea ponoʻī a ʻaʻole ka holoholona e hana.
- Hoʻokomo ʻia ka mea ʻala o kahi holoholona i ka maikaʻi o nā meaʻai. E koho i ka ʻai no ka mink i mea ʻuʻuku ka ʻono.
- I ka wa hut, ʻo mama mau momi kūʻokoʻa i waho estrus, no laila, ʻaʻole pono nā wahine e hoʻolilo. ʻO nā males i ka rut e hōʻailona ikaika i ka wahi a ua komo pinepine lākou i ka hana sabotage - ua waʻa lākou i ka wallpaper, hoʻopau i ka linoleum, a me nā mea waiwai. He waiwai ole ka hoʻonaʻauao ʻana maanei, ʻo ka hoʻomau wale nō.
- ʻAʻole makemake nā Minks i nā mea i loko o nā pūpū. Akā ʻoiai, ʻaʻole hiki i kekahi ke hana me ka ʻole, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka pā hale ākea loa kahi e ʻū ʻole ʻole ʻia ka holoholona.
- He mea makemake loa ia Minks e hele ma ke lehelehe inā ua hana lākou iā lākou mai ka wā kamaliʻi.
- E hele maikaʻi ka mink me nā holoholona ʻē aʻe, me nā mink ʻē aʻe. Ma ka manawa like, ikaika a ikaika ka holoholona, a no laila hikiwawe iā ia i ka ʻuwiki i ka pōpoki a me nā ʻīlio paha.
- Eia kekahi, ʻaʻole e lawe ka mink i kekahi hale kahi i liʻiliʻi ai nā keiki liʻiliʻi. Pehea nā keiki e mālama ai i nā holoholona. Akā ʻaʻole e like me ka ʻīlio a me ka puaa paha, ʻaʻole e hoʻomau ka mink me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa, akā e hoʻomaka koke i ka palu. A hoʻokaumaha loa ʻo ia.
- I mea e hoʻokaʻa ai i kahi mink i kahi pānaʻi, ʻaʻohe mea paʻakikī i ka cat. Akā, akā naʻe, nui ka helu o nā mea ikaika e hōʻailona i ka ʻāina me nā urine a me nā feces. Inā ʻaʻole ʻoe i mākaukau e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka lumi i kēlā lā i kēia lā mai ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i "mines", ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e hoʻomaka i kahi mink.
- He holoholona ala manu a maikaʻi loa ʻo Mink. ʻAʻole kēia he puaa, hiki ke koho ʻia i kēlā me kēia manawa a hoʻomoʻi a hiki i kou mālie. Mink o 'o Mink i loko o kona mau lima o kona mau manuahi manuahi.
- ʻO ka mahalo, ʻo ka nānā ʻana i nā lula a pau no ka hānai a me ka hānai ʻana i ka mink, e ulu mau ana kahi holoholona hewa a aloha ʻole mai ia manawa. ʻAʻole i hala ʻo Minks i ke koho millennial a kahi kanaka e ʻoluʻolu e alakaʻi nei i nā pōpoki a me nā leʻaleʻa a me nā ʻīlio. No laila, e mākaukau no ka mea i lawe ʻia ai ka holoholona i loko o ke kennel, he lilo ia i makamaka.
Mink e like me ka holoholona hihiu
ʻO Mink kekahi o nā holoholona hulu koʻikoʻi i hoʻonui ʻia i ka noho pio ʻana. Hāʻawi ʻo ia i "ke kālā" a ka liona o ka hulu i hoʻohana ʻia i ka lole no ka huikoa a me nā huahana hulu ʻē aʻe. Ua lohe nā mea āpau i ka hua'ōlelo "mink coat" a me "Pyatigorsk mink". Pehea kēia me kēia mau holoholona.
I kēia lā, e like me nā kumuwaiwai like ʻole, hāʻawi nā minks i kahi 70-80% o ka noi o ka hulu honua. ʻO kēlā mau mākēneka kūʻai nui ma muli o ka mea i waena o nā holoholona a pau o ka hulu manu, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka mink i ke pio ʻana. He ʻokoʻa ʻole ka hoʻokumu ʻana o kahi pāmu mink bulu i like ʻole i ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o nā ʻoihana holoholona holoholona ʻē aʻe. Eia, ʻae o ka hana nui o ka ʻoihana ʻoihana - e hana i nā kūlana maʻamau no nā holoholona i loko o nā kahu o nā holoholona, hoʻolako i ka meaʻai ponoʻī, e hōʻoia ai i ka kamaʻilio ʻana ma waena o nā minks a me nā makuakāne a me nā māmā no ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā keiki, e hoʻokumu i kahi pūnaehana no ka luku ʻana i nā holoholona a me ke kūʻai aku ʻana i nā huahana i pau. ʻAʻohe pilikia o ka pilikia o ka hope, no ka mea, he kiʻekiʻe ka makemake o nā furs.
ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona nui a me ka ʻokoʻa o ka mink mai nā holoholona ʻē aʻe o ka holoholona ʻoi nō ia he mea pili ʻole ia, akā nā mea kikoʻī. No laila ʻaʻole pono ʻoe e hānai iā lākou me ka palaoa a me ka mauʻu, akā me ka ʻai. Eia kekahi, ʻo kahi mea noiʻi e makemake e wehe i kahi pāmu huluhulu e hoʻomanaʻo pono i nā hiʻohiʻona o nā hides (furs) pili pili i ka pae climatic i ulu ai nā holoholona. ʻOi aku ka lōʻihi ma ke kūkulu ʻākau, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā holoholona ʻōmaʻomaʻo e ʻala a ʻoluʻolu. Wahi a ia, kahi māla mink i loaʻa ma ka moku Arkhangelsk a Murmansk paha e ʻoi mau loa ka maikaʻi ma mua o kahi pāʻai mai Rostov a Astrakhan.
Nā ʻano manu minks
I loko o nā mahiʻai o Rusia a me nā ʻāina huluhulu ʻē aʻe, ua kohu ʻia ka mink amerika wale nō, no ka mea e hāʻawi i nā ʻili nui i ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hulu. Aia kekahi mau ʻano nui o kēia holoholona:
- Mink-kala kala. ʻO ka pua maʻamau o ka moʻo mink. Aia ka hona o kona heluna kanaka ma kahi o 40% o nā holoholona holoholona (ka haʻalele ʻana i nā minks hihiu).
- Kālā ʻāʻele mink. Ma ka lua kahi i nā huaʻōlelo. ʻO ka ʻekau he hapakolu o nā holoholona o ka honua. Kē ʻia nā hui ʻē aʻe o nā minks i loaʻa i ke kumu o nā mutations a me nā leʻa o kēia hui.
- ʻ mleʻele a ʻūlū paha. I ka makahiki 60 o ke au o ka makahiki i hala ai ke ʻano o ka mutation i loko o Canada.
- Kaila Mapphire. Hybrid o Aleutian a me ke kala kala-uliuli. Loaʻa ke kala kala "uliuli".
- ʻO nā mea he pastel. Ua like kona like me ke kala ʻulaʻula, akā ulaula hoʻi kona hulu a ʻoi aku ka nani.
- Kōkele keʻokeʻo. ʻO nā ʻano mea ʻono o nā mink i loaʻa i ʻAmelika ʻAmelika. Hāʻawi i kahi hulu keʻokeʻo maikaʻi loa.