ʻO Turtles kekahi o nā kamaʻāina kahiko o ko mākou honua i ʻike i ʻaʻole i make wale ʻana o nā dinosaurs, akā ʻo ko lākou ʻano wale nō. ʻO ka hapa nui o kēia mau mea i uhi ʻia i ke kalaiwa he wahi maluhia a ʻoluʻolu ʻole ia. Akā aia i waena o nā honu a me ke ʻano ikaika. ʻO kekahi o nā ʻano hiki ke hōʻike i ka hoʻouka kaua ʻo ia ka caiman a i ʻole, i kapa ʻia ʻo ʻAmelika, kahi honu tura.
Kāleka
ʻO ke kino o kēia mau holoholona mai 20 a 47 cm. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO ke paona o nā kao cayman hiki ke hele a hiki i 15 a hiki i 30 kilograms, eia naʻe, nui ka poʻe nui i ʻike pinepine ʻia i waena o nā inoa o kēia ʻano. Kūpono ka mea, ke kaupaona nei nā mau turi mai ka 4.5 a 16 kg. Kahi nani ka hana kēia reptile: he kino kino ia me nā wāwae ikaika a ikaika hoʻi, akā ʻo ke poʻo, ke kue ʻole, ʻaʻole ʻāpana, kokoke a puni. Huli nā maka, kokoke i ke kihi o ka muzzle, he liʻiliʻi akā he convex. Heʻuʻuku liʻiliʻi a ʻike ʻole ʻia nā ihu.
Akā ʻo nā ʻōpala o kahi kālai cayman he ikaika a ikaika loa. Mahalo iā lākou, hiki i kēia holoholona ke hopu a hoʻopaʻa i ka mea pio, a me nā kaʻi like ʻole e hōʻeha ai i nā hōʻeha weliweli ma luna o ka mea i ʻaʻa ʻole e hoʻowalewale aku ai iā ia. ʻO ka piko o ka cayman tortoiseshell he ʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele a puka i ʻekolu mau lālani o ke kīʻaha, e like me ka mea i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ʻekolu mau pālahalaha kōkua. I kēia hihia, ʻo ka ʻaoʻao o nā palahalaha ma ka piko o ka hakahaka i kahi elongated lepo ākea i ke ʻano o kahi papa liʻiliʻi ma ka laulā.
ʻO ka ʻaoʻao luna o ka ʻāpana o kēia reptile ke uhi pinepine ʻia i ka ʻōpala, ka siliki a me ka maʻamau o nā pūʻulu o nā pūlei e noho ai ma luna. E kōkua ana kēia i ka ʻoi i ka huni, e hana ana i kahi hōkeo hou no ia. Ke waiho nei ka pahū cayman ma ka lalo, a kanu ʻia i ka ulikau, ʻaʻole maʻalahi ke nānā ʻana, a ke kau nei, uhi ʻia kona māla me ke kāʻei lau o ke ʻano e pili ana i ka iʻa, a he nui nā ʻano puʻu liʻiliʻi o nā palaho liʻiliʻi e ʻike ʻia i ka ʻōpala, ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻike. i kāhea ʻia, point pale. ʻO ka ʻāpana haʻahaʻa o ka ʻili, he liʻiliʻi.
Ma ke kua, ma ka lihi o ka mānoanoa o ka carapace, aia nā poloka i loko o ke ʻano o nā niho ʻike ʻike paʻa ikaika. ʻO ka lōʻihi ka huelo a he muscular; ʻo ka lōʻihi ʻo ia ka hapa ma ka hapa o ke kino o ka holoholona. I ke kumu he mānoanoa a nui a kū, i ka hope ke ikaika a me nā koi. Ua uhi ʻia ka luna ma ka lālani o nā palu o nā iwi nui. Ma ke poʻo a me ka ʻāʻī kekahi puʻupuʻu i ke ʻano o nā māla, ʻoiai ʻoi lākou ka liʻiliʻi ma ke kaʻe. Pili nā wāwae o kēia reptile i nā wāwae o kahi elephant: he ikaika ko lākou a ʻano like me nā kolamu hohonu, kahi i kau ʻia ai kahi kino nui a me kahi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ia.
He hoihoi! I ke kūlohelohe kūlohelohe, ʻike pinepine ʻole ia e ʻike i kekahi o kēia ʻanoʻano i kaupaona ma mua o 14 kg. Akā i ke pio ʻana ma muli o ka lawehala pinepine ʻana, hiki i kekahi mau turile cayman i loaʻa ke kaumaha o 30 kg a i ʻole.
He mau ʻaoʻao ikaika a ikaika loa kēia ʻano reptile. Akā hoʻohana ʻole ka honu caiman iā lākou iho no ka pale ʻana i nā mea kō. Me ke kōkua o kā lākou, e ʻohi wale ana ʻo ia a i ʻole ke one, a paʻa loa ʻole ke hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka mea i loaʻa iā ia. He hina hina ke ʻano o ke kino, ʻokoʻa pinepine me kahi paʻu brownish. Ma ka manawa like, ke poʻo, a me ka ʻāpana o luna o ka ʻāʻī, ka ʻōpala, nā wāwae a me ka huelo, i ʻō ʻia i nā kalaʻeleʻele, a ma lalo ka māmā, ʻōmaʻomaʻo.
ʻO ke ola, ke ʻano
Kūʻai ʻo Cayman i kahi nohona semi-akuatic, a hoʻolōʻihi i ka manawa i loko o ka wai. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hālāwai me kēia mau holoholona mai ʻApelila a Nowemapa, i ka wā e neʻe ai lākou. Eia naʻe, ma muli o ko lākou pale ʻana i ka anuanu, hiki i kēia mau honu ke hele i lalo o ka hau a hiki ke pipiʻi i luna inā pono.
Pahu ʻo ka pīhoihoi ʻo Cayman e hoʻomaha, e waiho ana ma ka wailua, kanu ʻia i ka ulaula a pōkole wale ke poʻo i ko lākou mau poʻo i ka wai i loko o kā lākou ʻāʻī lōʻihi e hoʻopau i ka ea hou. ʻAʻole lākou e piʻi pinepine i ka ʻaukā o ka waihona kālā; makemake lākou e noho ma lalo. Akā ma ke kahakai o kēia mau reptile ke ʻike pinepine iā ʻoe, ʻoiai hoʻi i ka manawa e hele ai lākou i ka ʻāina i mea e waiho ai i ka hua manu.
I ka hoʻoilo, hoʻoilo nā ʻōla caiman ma lalo o kahi kōnaʻi, kanu ʻia i loko o ka silt a hūnā ʻia i waena o nā mea kanu aku. Eia nō naʻe, he mea kupanaha paha nā kānaka o kēia ʻano e noho ana ma nā ʻāpana ʻākau o kā lākou kikowaena i nā manawa a pau ke mālama ʻia ka hau ma ka wai a i ka wai paha. I kēia manawa, loaʻa iā lākou ka oxygen ma o ka hanu extrapulmonary.
Hōʻalo pinepine kēia i ka mea i ka puna i ka turole he hypoxia, ʻo ia hoʻi, he hemahema o ka oxygen ma ke kino. Ma ka ʻāina, hiki i kēia mau holoholona ke hele i kahi lōʻihi inā pono lākou e neʻe i kahi ʻē aʻe o ka wai a i ʻole paha i koho ʻia ka wahi kūpono i kahi e waiho ai i ka hua manu.
He hoihoi! Ua ʻike nā ʻepekema ʻepekema i ka mau mākaʻi cayman hiki ke hoʻomaopopo i ka pā manona o ka honua, no laila hiki iā lākou ke holo pono i kahi ākea a hiki ʻole i kahi kipa ke koho.
ʻAno huohui wale nō ka caiman inā pono: hiki iā ia ke huki inā hopu a hoʻomaka a ʻeli wale nō, akā, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, ʻaʻole ia ʻo ia ka mua e hoʻouka kaua no ke kumu ʻole. Ma kēia hihia, lele ka holoholona me kahi neʻe koʻikoʻi i kona poʻo i mua, a hōʻike mua iā ia i ka ʻenemi hoa mua me kahi manacing a e ʻoki ana i nā ʻuʻā. Inā ʻaʻole ia i hoʻi, a laila ka ʻaʻai reptile no ka mea maoli.
He mālama kūlohelohe ka Caiman kanaka i ka poʻe me ka nānā ʻana i kahi kūlana e nānā pono ana i kā lākou hana. ^ E Ha yM. Akā i kekahi manawa e hōʻike paha ka pākiko, no ka laʻana, i kahi kanaka ʻauʻau. Hoʻōlapa ʻia kēia mau reptile i ka poʻe a paʻi i nā maka o ka maka. Inā makaʻu kahi kanaka a hoʻomaka i ka walaʻau ʻana, a laila makaʻu ʻia ka holoholona a hōʻike pū nō hoʻi i ka hoʻouka ʻana, hoʻoholo ʻia ka hoʻoweliweli iā kahi malihini. Inā noho ka reptile i loko o ka noho pio ʻana, a laila ʻaʻole ia ke aloha i ka mea nona, a i kekahi manawa hiki ke kiʻi ʻia aʻe hoʻi iā ia, ʻoiai nā amateurs e loaʻa nei iā lākou i loko o nā kahua pā hale e hoʻomaopopo ana he ʻānō nā kime caiman e aʻo i nā hana maʻalahi.
Eia nō naʻe, ma muli o kona ʻano kūʻokoʻa a ʻano kānalua, hiki i ka honu nāu ke ʻuʻuku ʻoi paha i ka mea nona kāna mea ke manaʻo nei he mea hoʻoweliweli ka hana a ka mea nona lākou. Ke mālama nei kēia mau holoholona, pono ke hoʻomanaʻo i ka lauho cayman he lōʻihi lōʻihi a me ka hoʻololi ʻia a me ke ʻano maikaʻi loa, mahalo iā ia i hiki ai ke hoʻolei i kona poʻo mai lalo o ka pū me ka wikiwiki o ka uila a no laila ʻaʻole pono e hāpai i kēia reptile i kona mau lima.
ʻO keʻano
He poʻo nui ke poʻo ʻo Cayman me nā ʻōpio ikaika. Hiki i ka ʻakaʻā ke maʻalahi me ka ʻili i nā iwi liʻiliʻi, me ka maʻa ʻana o ka manamana lima o kahi kanaka. Kuhi ʻia kahi honu pōpilikia e kahi aniani hoʻowalewale i ʻōlelo ʻia i ka pahu (1 pālua), a me nā pālei e like me ka puna i ka ʻāʻī a me nā limu.
ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka paʻiʻana o ka ʻōpala cayman he 20-36 cm (ka lōʻihi a hiki i 49,4 cm), ke kaumaha o 4.5-16 kg (a hiki i 34 kg). ʻO Carapax o nā aniani ʻokoʻa like ʻole me kahi kaila i kēlā me kēia scutellum i nā kamaliʻi ʻōpio, i uhi ʻia i ka algae a me ka silt, ʻekolu lālani mau lālani, i ʻōlelo ʻia i ka huelo. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā pale o ka keel ma waena o nā pihi vertebral e kokoke ana i ke kihi o nā kīʻaha. ʻO ka ʻaoʻao kelepona o ke kāʻei he pahu mākaʻe. ʻAʻole i pale aku ka pale haʻahaʻa (plastron) i nā palena o kahi honu. ʻEleʻeleʻeleʻele, i kekahi manawa he ʻeleʻele, pōkole a liʻiliʻi a ʻano like. Ua ʻoi aku ka nui o nā kāne ma mua o nā wahine, ʻoi ʻia ka lua o kā lākou kamaʻilio ʻana, ma mua o ka wahine. Eia nō hoʻi, ʻo ka plastron o nā kāne ka liʻiliʻi a me nā alahaka.
Ma muli o ke ʻano nui o ke kino nui o ka ʻōpio cayman ʻaʻole i kūpono pono ma lalo o ka ʻūhā, ke poʻo, ka ʻāʻī a me ke ʻū lōʻihi e wehe mau ana. No laila, pale ʻia lākou e nā puʻupuʻu ikaika. ʻO ka huelo ka lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi. He keel serrated kona, i piha nā ʻekolu a keu aku paha i nā kaʻina iwi, ʻo ka nui loa loa i ka lākela waena. ʻO ka pāpaʻi lateral unahi ma ka huelo e nānā iki. Nui kahi nui o waho i ka ʻāʻī. Pōʻeleʻele nā limu ma luna a me ka melemele i lalo, uhi ʻia e ka nui o nā kūmole warty. ʻEʻeleʻele nā manamana wāwae, me nā ʻōpū ikaika.
Hoʻaiho
I ke kūlohelohe, kahi noho o ka ʻuʻina cayman ʻo ia ka māhele hema a me ka hikina o ka USA a me Kanada. Eia kekahi, lawe ʻia ka honu i Kina, Iapana, Taiwan. Ma USA, ʻo kēia kuʻekuʻe e piʻi aʻe i nā mauna i kahi kiʻekiʻe o 2000m ma luna o ke kai. Makemake ʻo ia ʻo ia i nā wai wai me nā mea kanu maikaʻi a me kahi palupalu palupalu, a hiki nō hoʻi ke loaʻa i nā wai aniani. Hōʻalo loa ka pīpī Cayman i ke kauwela, noho pinepine i ka hoʻoilo. E alakaʻi i ka nohona aquatic i kekahi manawa, makemake i kekahi manawa e hoʻomaha ma ka pāpale mahana, e hūnā ana i ka pahū, kahi a nā maka wale nō a me nā ihu. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ka manawa i loko o ka wai pāpaku, akā hiki ke noho mālie i ka hohonu, e noho ana ma laila no kekahi manawa.
Hoʻomaka
Hoʻomoe ʻia ka hoʻoilo ma ka wā hānau, i kanu ʻia i loko o kahi siliki, peʻe ai ma waena o nā mea kanu lāʻau a i loko hoʻi o nā hale muskrat. Kūʻai ʻo Cayman i loko o ka hopena o ʻOkakopa a ala aʻe iā ʻApelila. Kūleʻa lākou e hiamoe a kokoke i kēia wā e hāʻawi ai i ka oxygen. Pono ka ʻeleʻele i ka wā mua a hoʻoheheʻe mua. I kekahi manawa hoʻoilo lākou i nā pūʻulu a me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe o nā lau. ʻO ke anuanu ke kū maikaʻi loa a hiki i ke kino o ko lākou kino ke hāʻule i hiki i ka 1-2 C, akā inā i hoʻokaʻawale ka honu, a laila e make ana. I ka mahana o 5-7 ° C, waiho nā ponu i kā lākou hānau ʻana a hoʻomaka e hānai i 15 ° C. ʻO ka mahana wela no lākou ka 28 C
ʻOiai ke kūpaʻa ʻia ʻana o ka pōpoki caiman i nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a me ka nānā ʻana i nā nū ikaika e neʻe ana i ka wai ma lalo o ka hau a i ʻole ka holo ʻana aʻe i ka hau, ʻo ka pale ʻana i ka manuahi he haʻahaʻa iki ʻia me kekahi mau reptile mai ka ʻākau a me ke kūleʻa. Palapala iho ka ʻōpio cayman i loko o nā ʻano o nā mea reptile i hiki ke kū i ka wā pōkole i ka manawa ma lalo o 0 ° C, ka ʻūhū ʻana i ka ʻili a me kekahi mau ʻāʻī palu, akā make inā he pākeke ka lalo o ka -2 ° C no nā hola he nui a ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā kino o loko a me ke kahe koko. ʻO ka hopena maikaʻi loa ke kūleʻa ʻana i ka wā ʻōpio Chelydra snakeina ʻo 60% o nā mea i pakele no 3 mau lā ma -2.5 ° C. [*]
He mau wahi poʻomanaʻo nā kulu Caiman. Holo lākou i ke kakahiaka a me ke ahiahi, ai pō paha. ʻAi lākou i ka iʻa ʻelua a me nā iʻa hou, nā wai liʻiliʻi, invertebrates, nāhelehele, nā amphibians, nā wīwī, nā pipi liʻiliʻi, ka māka, a me nā mea kanu kai. Hoʻolilo nā mea kanu i ka hapalua o ka hoʻohuli i nā kanaka kūlohelohe. I ka hoʻo pio ʻia, hānai ʻia nā honu me nā mea kanu aku a me ka lettu, nā iʻa, nā mamalia liʻiliʻi (nā ʻiole, nā kiʻi) a me nā manu (nā moa), a me nā ʻaka, nā kime, nā pūlima.
E kali ana ka ʻōpio no ka mea nāna i hopu ʻia i ka ʻili a i ka ʻōpala, a i ʻole ponoi a lūlū ʻia ʻo ia i kāna mea ʻuʻuku, e hana ana i ke kaua koʻikoʻi a me ka hopu ʻana o ka mea i hoʻopuʻi ʻia me nā ʻāʻī ikaika.
ʻAno hānau
Hoʻomaka nā kukamo i ka ulu ʻana i ka makahiki 17-20 mau makahiki me ka plastron o 14,5 cm a i ʻole. ʻO ka pinepine, hele ka wahine i ka ʻāina ma kahi huakaʻi, aia ma kahi mamao ma kahi mamao. ʻO ka holo pinepine ka wahine i ka wahi e ʻike ai i nā wahi no nā nests a me nā ʻōpio ʻōpio i ka wā o ka noho ʻana. Hiki iā Cayman ka pipi i ka holo lōʻihi i ka wai (2-3 km a hoʻi i nā hola he nui) a ma ka ʻāina - ke waiho nei i nā hua manu, no ka hoʻokipa hou a i ʻole e loaʻa ai kahi hou wai i ka wā o ka wā o ka overpopulated a malia paha ka mea i hala.
Holo ka wā hoʻomaka mai ʻApelila-Mei a Kepakemapa-Nowemapa, ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hua e kau ana i ka hua ma ka mahina ʻo Iune. Hoʻolālā nā kāne i nā hakakā kaua ikaika, kahi e maʻi ai ka wahine. Kūleʻa ka hoʻokolokolo: pili ke kāne a me ka wahine i kekahi i kekahi, lūlū. A laila kū lākou no ka manawa lōʻihi, e hohola ana i ko lākou ʻāʻī a hoʻopā kekahi i kekahi me ko lākou mau ihu. Eia kekahi, huli pinepine lākou i ko lākou poʻo i ka ʻaoʻao, i nā ʻaoʻao ʻokoʻa mai kēlā me kēia. A i ʻole, nā kāne a me ka wahine i uha i ka wai ma nā puka ihu, e hoʻoheheʻe ai. Ke noho nei ke kāne ma luna o ka wahine, ke hoʻokū nui nei ia i kona poʻo i luna o ke poʻo a hopu paha iā ia i ke ʻāʻī o kona ʻāʻī me nā ʻāʻī. Loko ma ka wai.
ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona o kēia mau ʻōkaʻi ke mālama i nā wahine i ke kāne male no kekahi mau makahiki. ʻAe kēia iā lākou e hānau keiki inā mākaukau lākou.
Hoʻokomo nā wahine i nā hua ma ka ʻāina kahikina māmā me nā mea kanu liʻiliʻi a me nā lepo kanu. Hiki i ka wahine ke lōʻihi nā manawa e koho i kahi no ka waiho ʻana, a koho pinepine ʻia no nā makahiki he nui e waiho wale ana i nā hua ma laila. I ka nahele, ʻo ia kahi fossa spherical me ka hohonu o 10-18 cm, a hiki i ka 11-83 (maʻamau ʻo 20-30) mau hua spherical me ka diameter o 21-35 mm, he paona 7-15 g mai ka wanaʻao a i ke awakea, hiki ke kau. Kuhi pinepine ka ʻōpū i ke ʻano o ka puaʻa me kahi pānaʻi me kahi haʻaka i lalo, mai lalo, kahi lua liʻiliʻi e alakaʻi i loko o ka lumi hua me ka hohonu o 13 cm cm. ʻO ka nui o ka pili i ka nui o ka wahine. Ke hoʻomoe nei, loaʻa kēlā me kēia hua i puka mai i ka cloaca a hoʻopaʻa ʻia a me kona mau wāwae hind, a waiho mālie ma ka lalo o ka lumi papa. Ma hope o ka waiho ʻana i nā hua manu, ʻaʻole i popou nā kohu caiman. Hiki ke paʻi ʻia nā hua i hoʻomoʻa ʻia a loaʻa i kahi ʻōpū nui. Hoʻokahi wale nō pahu i kahi manawa.
ʻO ka inkubation, e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka wā, lōʻihi ka lā 55-130. ʻO ka mahana incubation he 25-30 C ma kahi hōkū ma kahi o 90%. Hoʻopau i ka vermiculite wai i loko o kahi 1: 1 ka mana me ka wai hiki ke lilo i ka papa i ka incubator. Aia ke ʻano o ke ʻano o ka kukupa i ka mahana kiʻekiʻe o ka incubation. I ke ana o 20оС, 23-24 С kāne hatch, at 29-31 С - wahine wale nō. Ma kahi mahana o 21-28 - nā kāne kāne a me nā wahine. A i ʻole: nā wahine ma luna o 30 C a ma lalo o 20 C, a me nā kāne mai 22 a 28.
ʻO ka lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o nā lau honu i ka hope o ʻAukake i ka hoʻomaka o ʻOkakopa. I nā wahi me kahi pālahalaha mālohi, noho mau nā ʻōmū ʻūlū i ka hoʻoilo i loko o ka hale nikal. Ka loko o nā kūmole liʻiliʻi a me ka nui o nā mea ʻōmaʻomaʻo o ke ʻano lāʻau e lilo i meaʻai no nā ʻōpio ʻōpio. Ke ulu nei lākou, ʻoi aku ka nui o kā lākou hana a nui aku.
Kahaiʻiwa
No ka mālama i kahi ʻuala cayman, makemake ʻoe i kahi pānaʻi nui me nā wahi no ka honu, akā ke kiʻekiʻe o ka wai, i hiki i ka honu ke lau ka waha ma lalo. Pono ʻia ka kānana maikaʻi wai, aʻo ka mea pono o ka wai, ʻaʻole ia he mea koʻikoʻi. No ka ikaika loa nā kahe na cayman, hiki iā lākou ke ʻeli i loko o ka pākika piha, no laila ʻaʻole ʻoe e kanu nā mea kanu i loko. Akā makemake ka ʻāina silt a i ʻole ke one. Ke alakaʻi nei ka honu i kahi ola nocturnal, no laila, e mālama i ka mahana hau e pono ai i ka pō, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā kukui hoʻomehana me kahi kikoʻī. Hōʻele iki ka ʻōpio a hele pinepine i ka ʻāina, akā e hōʻike ʻia ka ʻae ʻana o ka ʻāina. Hana maikaʻi i nā honu cayman i kahi kūʻokoʻa. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi ʻaʻole e hoʻohana i ka poʻe wela wela, a i ʻole e hoʻokae ʻole iā lākou i nā lau, ʻo ia nō ka mea e hōʻino iā lākou. Ma muli o ka hanaʻole o kēia ʻano, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ke mālama ʻole i nā mea ʻelua ma mua o 1-2 (ʻo ka like me ka nui a me nā ʻano like ʻole o kēia ʻano) i loko o ka aquaterrarium.
Hele nā mea hōʻeha i loko o ka lā, akā e hoʻolōʻihi i ka manawa a me ka pale. ʻO ka palena o UVI no lākou he 0.85-1.8 awelika, 2.0-5.2 kiʻekiʻe (2-3rd Ferguson zone). Hola nā lā i ke kauwela - 14 mau hola, i ka hoʻoilo - 10 hola. ʻO ke anuanu o ke ao 22-30 C me kahi mahana i lalo o ke kukui (ma kahi wela) 35 C.
ʻO ke kūlohelohe, huki ka huki i ka hoʻoilo ma ka lepo ma lalo o ka punawai, a ʻo kekahi kekahi ma ka ʻāina. Noho o ka hoʻoilo mai ka Pōʻalua a i ʻole ka mahina o Nowemapa a me Malaki-ʻApelila, ma ke ʻano o 5 ° C. Inā piʻi ke kiʻekiʻe ma luna o 8 ° C, hoʻomaka nā honu. Hoʻomaka ka ʻai ma ke ana ma luna o 15 C. Hiki i nā lāʻau aniani ke hana me ka ʻole o ka hōʻeha i ka olakino me ka hoʻoilo ʻole ma ka aquaterrarium wela.
I ke kauwela, hiki ke mālama ʻia i kahi honu ʻahuʻu i loko o ka loko o ke kauwela paʻa.
Hoike ike
ʻO nā laweliki Cayman nā lawaiʻa maikaʻi, hiki i kekahi ke lele kahukou mai ko lākou wahi e noho ai no 2-3 km, e hoʻi ana i ko lākou wahi i loaʻa ma hope o kekahi mau hola. Aia ma ka ʻāina, e neʻe mālie ka honu a me ka makaʻala, e hāpai ana i kona kino i luna o ka ʻāina.
He pīpī nui loa kēia mau ʻia i a hiki ke ʻokiʻoki a ʻike ʻia inā e hopu a ʻakaʻaka paha. Pono e hoʻokaʻae iā lākou ma ke kua o ke kalepa a hoʻopaʻa ʻia a paʻa loa, hāʻawi ʻia i ka nui a me ka ikaika o kēia mau ʻia. Kū pinepine lākou i ke nānā ʻana i kahi kanaka a mālama ʻole iā ia. Ma mua o ka hoʻouka ʻana, hāpai i kahi ʻuʻoki cayman i hope o ke kino a hoʻomākaukau ʻo ia e kiola i kona poʻo me ka hāmama ʻana kona waha. ʻO ka ʻūhā manuahi i paʻa ʻia e ka hope o ka ʻōpū, nā wāwae ʻalā, ʻōpio a ʻaʻole koʻikoʻi loa - e ka ʻili. ʻO kekahi manawa ke hoʻokuʻu nei ka ʻōpio i nā kaomi wai nui mai nā kūlohelohe o ka inguinal.
ʻO nā ʻōlule cayman Central a me ʻAmelika i kahi kaila i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia a me nā moʻomeheu (loiloi mitochondrial DNA) like ʻole me ka mau kukuna mai ka USA a me Kanada. Eia kekahi, ʻokoʻa lākou a ikaika aʻe ma mua o nā subspecies ʻelua ʻAmelika Hema, e hiki ai iā mākou ke kamaʻilio e pili ana i nā lālani ʻekolu o nā kukuna cayman: Chelydra serpentina, Ch. ʻO Rossignoni a me Ch. acutirostris. ʻOiai morphologically Ch. Aʻo like a like me Ch China acutirostris a Ch. osinaola ula ailā me Ch. rossignoni.
Ehia nā kukuna cayman e ola
Ma kahi nohona kūlohelohe, hiki i nā honu caiman ke ola a hiki i 100 makahiki, akā i ke pio ʻana i kēia mau reptile, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, ola wale nō paha ma kahi o 60 mau makahiki. ʻAʻole i ka liʻiliʻi loa, aia no kēia me ka hiki ʻole i ka manawa maʻamau ke hoʻokumu i nā kūlana kūpono loa no lākou ma nā pā hale, no ka mea e pono ai kēia mau reptile e mālama i kahi kaohi mika. ʻAe, a me nā mea e keu aku i nā reptile, i hele pinepine i ka noho pio ʻana, ʻaʻole hoʻi ia i hāʻawi i ka lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi o nā lau na cayman.
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ʻO ka ʻuʻuna ʻo Cayman, a i ʻole a huki i ka honu (lat. Chelydra snakeina) he ʻano hoʻonaninani. Hoʻopilikia pinepine ʻo ia i nā kānaka a hōʻeha koʻikoʻi iā lākou. I mea e pale ai iā ia iho, hoʻokaumaha ʻo ia i nā ʻili me nā ʻoki ikaika loa a hoʻohana i nā wāwae ikaika. Kaumaha nā holoholona kūlohelohe a 30 kg a hoʻoweliweli maoli i nā kanaka. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole i hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻia nā hihia o nā manamana lima e like, ʻaʻole e like me ka tortoise alligator (Macrochelys temminckii).
Ke hoʻopio nei iā ia iho, ua kī koke ʻo ia i kona poʻo i ka ʻāʻā lōʻihi ma ka ʻenemi. Ka paʻakikī loa e ʻike mua i kāna hoʻouka kaua ʻole ʻia, a me kāna mau ʻano, ʻo ka reptile e hoʻomanaʻo nui ana i nā Caimans.
Ua like kona ʻumi lōʻihi me nā crocodiles, hāʻawi ʻo ia i kekahi ʻano like i nā alligator.
Kālā
Aia kēia ala hānai mai nā ʻāina hema o Canada ma ka māhele hikina a me waena o US i Mexico a me Ecuador. Ma ka hema, e holo ana ka palena i ka mokuna ʻākau o Peru a me Colombia.
Noho ʻo Cayman i ka wai pāpaku ma nā loko, nā loko wai, nā kahawai a me nā kahawai kahe e holo nei. E ʻoi aku ia i nā kino wai i ka wai me ka hohonu a me nā mea kanu lawaiʻa. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā lau, ʻike ʻia nā reptile i nā waha wai me ka wai paʻaki.
Aia he 4 subspecies. ʻO nā subspecies nominal he mea maʻamau ma ka mokuʻo Kanada o Nova Scotia a ma ka ʻaoʻao hikina o United States me ka ʻokoʻa o nā mokuʻāina o Georgia a me Florida. Koho ʻia nā subspecies Chelydra serpentina osceola iā lākou.
I Mexico, Belize, Guatemala a me Costa Rica, ua pālahalaha nā subspecies Chelydra snakeina rossignoni, a ma ʻEwakeo a me Colombia Chelydra snakeina acutirostris.
Ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka honu e nā amateurs i loko o ka loko o ka hema o Europe a me Chiba Prefecture ma Iapana. I kēia manawa ua manaʻo ʻia he mea ulu komo i kekahi mau ʻāina o ʻEulopa. I ka makahiki 2011, ua hopu ʻia kekahi mea kaupaona ma kahi o 20 kg ma kokoke o Roma. ʻO ka nui o nā kānaka Iapana iʻoi aku ma mua o nā holoholona 1000. Ma Kina, ua ulu lākou ma nā māla kūikawā no ka ʻiʻo turtle.
ʻAno lawehala
Ke alakaʻi nei ka lau naʻi i kahi ʻano semi-aquatic. I ka akau o ka laula, puka mai i ka wai i ke kakahiaka a lawe iā sunbats. Ke hoʻomehana maikaʻi ʻana, hele ka reptile i ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai. ʻO nā ʻōlima Hema wale nō i ka lekiō i ka lāʻau i hāʻule i ka wai. Hōʻike ka hana i kēlā me ke ao.
Hiki i nā skeptile ke huki i ka pahuhopu a manu ʻole e hopu ai i kā lākou mea pio. Haʻa koke lākou i ka wikiwiki a hiki ke hoʻokuʻi i nā mea momona ma kahi kokoke, e hopu ana iā ia me ka hoʻolei uila wikiwiki. I kekahi manawa hānai nā kukuna caiman no nā holoholona liʻiliʻi ma ka ʻāina.
I ka manawa pinepine i moe ai lākou i ka wai pāpū, e kau ana i ka lei lōʻihi. ʻO nā pani wale nō e kū ana ma ke kihi o nā muzzle e waiho wale ma ka wai o ka wai.
ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe he coyotes (Canis latrans), nā manu ʻeleʻele (Ursus americanus) a me nā alligator (Alligator). ʻO ka mea mua, ke hōʻike ʻia nei nā luapili i nā pilikia. Hōʻā pinepine ʻia e nā poʻe nui e ka poʻe kuhi.
Hōʻalulu ka huluhulu Cayman. I kekahi mau wahi, ʻaʻole hibrate kekahi mau reptile ma hope o ka uhi ʻia ʻana o nā wai me ka hau.
Noho mau lākou i ka hoʻoilo i ka hoʻoilo. I ka wā hānau ʻana, kanu ʻia nā holoholona i ka ulaula a noho i kēia moku a hiki i 6 mahina.
ʻO ka hanu Extrapulmonary kekahi o lākou. Hoʻonoho lākou i ko lākou mau poʻo i waho o ka lapalapa, e ʻae iā lākou e hele i nā membran i loko o ka ʻāʻī a me ka waha. Inā ʻaʻole kōkua kēia ʻano iā lākou e loaʻa ka lawa o ka oxygen, a laila hoʻohana ka reptile i ke ʻano anaerobic, e puhi ana i ka momona a me ka glucose. I kēia hihia, ma ka wai puna, hōʻiliʻili nā huahana-i loko o kona kino, e pili ana i kona pono.
Mea ʻai
Cayman Turtle Omnivore. ʻO ka papa meaʻai ka nui o nā meaʻai mai ka holoholona. ʻO ka papa kuhikuhi i kēlā me kēia lā kahi iʻa, nā amphibians, mollusks, crustaceans, iniseti, nāhelehele, nā kukuna liʻiliʻi a me nā momi. Hoʻokele ka pākeke i ka ʻōpū wai, aʻo nā ʻōpio e ʻai ikaika i ka iʻa, iʻa a me ka cogar.
Mai ka manawa o ka manawa, ʻai nā reptiles i nā lāʻau algae a me nā mea kanu aku, ʻo ka nui ʻo Elodea (Elodea), loko (Potamogeton), buckwheat (Polygonum), nā lilia wai (Nymphaea), duckweed (Lemna), kaʻauʻau (Typha), Wallisneria (Vallisneria) nymphaea, (Wolffia) a me ka mollusk (Najas).
ʻAʻole hoʻowahāwahā nā ʻōiwi i nā kālai. ʻO ka huli ʻana i nā meaʻai e loaʻa nui i lalo o ka wai.
ʻO Habitat, noho
Noho ʻo Cayman tortoise ma ka ʻaoʻao hema ma hope o ke kaona o Kanada, a i nā ʻāina a i kū a me nā waena o ka United States. Ua lilo i loaʻa ia i ka ʻaoʻao hema - pololei a i Colombia a me Ecuador. Akā i kēia manawa, ua kau ʻia ka nui o nā honu, e like me ka Cayman a noho i Central a me ʻAmelika Hema, i kau i ʻelua mau ʻokoʻa.
I ka hapanui o ka manawa, noho ia i loko o nā loko, nā muliwai a i ʻole nā lau me nā mea kanu i ʻole a me kahi haʻalulu wai e aloha ai ʻo ia e eli a kahi āna e kali ai i nā moʻo. Loaʻa kekahi poʻe i kekahi wai ma ka waha wai ma nā waha wai.
Kauka Huakai Caiman
ʻAi ʻia kēia reptile i nā invertebrates, iʻa, amphibians, a me nā manu ʻē aʻe, a me nā mea nūnū a me nā ʻano liʻiliʻi o nā mea ʻē aʻe. ʻO lākou paha, ma kekahi manawa ke hopu i ka manu ʻaluna a i ʻole nā momi liʻiliʻi.
He hoihoi! ʻO ke ʻōpala, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, e kali ana no ka mea i loaʻa iā ia, e peʻe ana i kahi hoʻohālua, a hiki ke hoʻokokoke ʻia, loaʻa koke ʻo ia me kāna mau ʻāmi ikaika.
ʻAʻole hūnā nā kaho kai me nā mea kanu a me nā mea kanu aku, ʻoiai ʻaʻole lākou e lilo i ka hapa nui loa o kā lākou meaʻai.
Nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe
Ua manaʻo ʻia he liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi nā ʻenemi cayman a, i kekahi manawa, heʻoiaʻiʻo kēia ʻōlelo. ʻOiaʻiʻo, nā mea liʻiliʻi wale nō e hoʻoweliweli i ka poʻe pākeke o kēia ʻano, me ka laʻu, e like me ka coyote, kahi ʻōlio ʻōleʻopa ʻAmelika, kahi mea ʻoniʻuku, a me ka pili kokoke i kahi vulture, ka ʻōpala. Akā no nā hua kau i waiho ʻia e ia a no nā ʻōpio, nā ʻōpala, nā mink, nā puʻupuʻu, nā alopeke, nā raccoons, herons, bitterns, nā lawaiʻa, nā manu, nā martens, kekahi mau ʻano o nā iʻa, nāhelehele a me nā rana lapuwale hoʻi nō naʻe ka pilikia. Aia nō kekahi hōʻike pū kekahi hiki i nā ʻenekini o Canada ke hiki ke huki aku i nā ʻoi cayman pakeke.
He hoihoi! ʻO nā ʻōlo caiman kahiko, ua loaʻa i nā nui nui, ʻaʻole i lilo loa i lilo i mea e hoʻouka ʻia ai e nā poʻe wānana, a no laila ua haʻahaʻa loa ka make ma mua o lākou.
Ke ʻano o ka noho ʻana a me nā ʻano
I kēia manawa, ʻike ʻia ka huluhulu caiman i kahi ʻano maʻamau a ua hāʻawi ʻia i ke kūlana o "Least Concerned".. ^ E Ha yM. Eia nō naʻe, ma Kānana, mālama ʻia kēia ʻano no ka mea maʻamau ka noho ʻana o nā honu cayman a paʻa maoli i ka hopena a me nā mea maoli kūlohelohe. He holoholona hoihoi a keu Cayman. ʻOiai ʻo ka manaʻo nui o kēia ʻanoʻano reptile e manaʻo nui ʻia, e hōʻeha wale ʻia ia ma ke ʻano he hoʻoweliweli, a laila ma mua o ka hoʻouka ʻana i ka ʻenemi, hoʻāʻo ia e pale i ka hōloe ʻana a me ka ʻike maka like ʻana o nā kakili.
Eia naʻe, ma ʻAmelika, hopohopo nā poʻe i kēia mau holoholona a luhi pinepine ʻo ia i loko o ka pūnāwai kahi i noho ai nā honu cayman. Akā, ma muli o kēia, nui nā mea aloha o nā holoholona nani e ʻike iā lākou i nā holoholona keu hoihoi a me ka leʻaleʻa e mālama i kēia mau reptile i loko o kā lākou mau home i nā terrariums.