I ka infraorder, i hui pū ʻia ma lalo o ka inoa holoʻokoʻa likēlā, aia pū kekahi o nā loiloi mua o nā Taras theropods, e noho ana i nā wahi ākea o ka puʻukū super kilohana ʻo Pangea mai ka palena o ka Triassic a me ka pōʻino o ka honua i hana ʻia ma ka palena o ka Mesozoic a me Paleogene, ma laila lākou i make ʻole ai me ka huehue, me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe o nā dinosaurs.
ʻO ka wehewehe ʻana i nā carnosaurs
A hiki i ka hopena o ke kenekulia hope i "Makiola" he mea maʻamau i ka hoʻopuka ʻana i nā theropods predatory bipedal āpau me kahi ʻāʻī pōkole. Akā, i ka mea i huli i hope, nui nā mana o kēia pūʻulu he nui loa mau ʻokoʻa, e like me ka mea i hoʻoholo ʻia e kēia hui. I loko o ke kaʻina hana o kēia hoʻoponopono, mau wale nō ka poʻe maoli i ka hui nā mākaʻi o nā carnosaurse hoʻokō i nā ʻōlelo maʻamau a pau o kēia infraorder. No ka kikoʻī, ʻo ia nā mea kahalaha, he ʻelua ʻāpana nui (13-mike gigantosaurus) a ua liʻiliʻi ʻia e nā pae maʻamau o ka manawa (5-mina gasosaurus). Loaʻa nā mākeke āpau i nā pahu ʻihi nui, a ua ʻoi aku nā mākaʻi me nā niho huluhulu e kūʻē nei i ka ʻāʻī, kahi i hiki ʻole ai ke ʻoki ʻia a ka mea maikaʻi. ʻAi wale lākou me ke kōkua o kā lākou kiʻo Toothy, no ka mea, ʻaʻole hiki ke kōkua ʻia ke forelimbs iā lākou no kēia kumu maʻalahi o ka hoʻēmi ʻana i nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi, a ʻelua wale nō mau manamana lima hoʻopuka, kū i mua.
Kuhi. 1 - ʻO Kēleʻākena
Akā ua hoʻomohala nui nā limu hind o nā carnosaur. Me ka huelo, hōʻike lākou i kahi kākoʻo maikaʻi no ke kino lehulehu, a i ka neʻe ʻana, ua ʻae lākou i ka holo koke a lele. Wahi a nā mea ʻepekema, neʻe wale kekahi o nā carnosaurs ma ka lele ʻana, e like me ka mea maʻamau loa ma ka manawa Jurassic, allosaurus.
He mea pono ia i ʻike ʻia i ka tyrannosaurus i noho i kēlā me kēia wahi a i kekahi mau ʻano ʻē aʻe i ka Jurassic a me Cretaceous, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe he nui, i manaʻo ʻia kekahi ʻano o nā carnosaurs, ua haʻalele ʻia mai kēia infraorder a hāʻawi ʻia i nā coelurosaurids a me nā abelizaurids.
ʻO nā helu o ka infraorder o nā carnosaurs
Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka infraorder o nā carnosaur i ʻelua mau pūʻulu nui:
- Allozavroid, ka nui o nā taxon, e loaʻa ana ka hapa nui o nā theropod carnivorous i noho ʻia mai ka 170 a hiki i 70 miliona mau makahiki a hiki i kēia lā, me ka ʻokoʻa ʻole o nā puka anterior i loaʻa i ka Late Triassic a me ka Jurassic Lā. ʻO ka mea pōkole o nā allosauroid carnosaurs hiki ke noʻonoʻo ʻia, no ka hoʻohālike, i ka poquilopleuron.
- CarcharodontosaurusʻO nā ʻelele o ia mau ʻano hou loa o kekahi mau allosaurids, ka mea i ʻike ʻia e ka nui loa, a ke noho nei ma ka ʻāpana o ka ʻApelika a me nā ʻāina o ka ʻAmelika Hema, ʻAmelika a me nā māhele ʻĀina a me ʻEulopa nā mea kahiko, ka mea i komo i ka manawa wā ka wā o ka wā o Pangea. ʻO kekahi o nā ʻelele hou a me ka holomua o ka carcharodontosaurus ka mea orcoraptor, i noho ma ka pō o ka nui o ka Cretaceous extinction o nā ʻano.
'Āpau
No kekahi manawa lōʻihi, hoʻāʻo nā theropod karnivorous e hopu i ka ulu ʻana i nā sauropods, a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka nui, no ka mea, ʻo lākou ka ʻai nui, a no ka holomua kūleʻa no lākou e pono e hoʻopiha ʻia i ka nui. Akā, e like me nā kikowaena e hōʻike nei, nā mea wānana kahiko, a me nā carnosaurs i ka kikoʻī, ua hoʻoholo e ʻō koke i ka ulu. Loaʻa kēia ma muli o ka nohona ola. ʻO kā ke ʻano nui o ka sauropod ma muli o kā lākou ʻai a me ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ka maʻalahi o lākou e loaʻa i ka meaʻai. I mea e loaʻa ai nā meaʻai kīnā ʻole, ʻo ia nā lāʻau a me nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻole pono lākou i ka agility kūikawā. ʻO Carnosaurs, ma kahi ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻole hiki ke ola me ka wikiwiki, hoʻomākeʻe, a me ka hoʻomau ʻana i ka luhi, ʻoiai lākou he poʻe kolo, a ua pili pololei ko lākou ola i ka holomua o ka ʻimi. A i mea e ʻike pono ai me ka mea nāna, pono ia e wikiwiki maoli, akā, ʻaʻole i kaupaona nui ka lilo ʻana o ka mea kaumaha. ʻAʻole naʻe i maʻalahi ka pīpī i kahi kino hanohano, a me nā mea hoʻopihapiha nui, no ka laʻana, ʻo ka allosaurus like ʻole, ua loaʻa mua nā pilikia i ke kū ʻana o ka wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe, a me ka noʻonoʻo ʻana ua neʻe lākou i ka hapanui o nā huki, na ke kaumaha loa nui ua hoʻopiha ʻia me nā ʻano like ʻole. nā hōʻeha a me nā haʻalulu.
ʻOiai kēia awelika ʻiha nui maneuvered ma loko o 5-6 mau tonika, me ke kino o 10-12 mau mika. ʻO ka manawa pinepine, i ka wā e hoʻokūkū nui ai, ua hana lākou me ka hipa wīwī, hoʻokani koke i ka sauropods ʻōpio mai ko lākou mau wāwae, a ma hope o ka haki ʻana iā lākou me ko lākou mau niho huluhulu. Hiki i ke ʻike ʻia mai o nā kiʻi ʻimi, ua lawa ka nui o lākou no ka hana pono i ka holomua ponoʻī. Me ka nui o ka nui, lilo lākou i mau polima, ka manawa pinepine i hiki ʻole ke kaohi ʻia mai ka hopu ʻana, a hopu paha i ka mea pio, a i ka wā pinepine, i ka wā e neʻe ai i ka wikiwiki, hiki iā lākou ke hina a hōʻeha hou, i kekahi manawa e lilo ana i mea hōʻeha no lākou.
Hoʻololi i nā hiʻohiʻona o nā Carnosaurs
ʻO ke poʻo Carnosaurus ʻOiai he mea nui loa ia no ka mea, ʻo ka make ʻole o nā forelimbs, he mea kīnā ʻole lākou ma muli o kā lākou liʻiliʻi, ua lawelawe ʻo ia i kēia mau holoholona i ka manawa like a me kahi mea hoʻomake a pepehi i nā mea nāna i hānai. Akā ʻaʻole i uku ʻia ka nui o ke poʻo no nā carnosaurs e ka ulu ʻana o nā mea make dorsal, e like me nā ʻano he nui dinosaurs, no ka laʻana, i nā trachodont herbivorous, like loa i ka nānā ʻana i nā carnosaurs i ka pae ʻana. I ka hihia o nā carnosaurs, kaulike ʻia ko lākou poʻo e kahi huelo nui. ʻO nā uaua extensor o ke kua o nā carnosaurs nāwaliwali i nā palu i kekahi mau ʻano, a no laila ke ʻike ʻia i loko o kēia mau reptile ke kino ka ʻala i ke kūlana i ka ʻāina, ma kahi kūlana i hoʻomaha malū nei i ka lā nui, a i ka wā e hānai ai, i loko o kahi kaohi, ua paʻa lākou i ke kūlana o ke kino ma Kōkua i ka mālama pono ʻana o kou ʻīlio momona.
Kuhi. 2 - ʻO ke kākala o kahi carnosaurus
ʻO ka pelvis, i kahi hoʻohālikelike i ka kua i nāwaliwali nui, akā i loko o nā carnosaurs nui loa, ʻauʻau Ua hōʻike ʻo ia i kahi hoʻolālā ikaika a maikaʻi loa, ʻoiai ʻo ka neʻe ʻana o kēia ʻano nunui i hoʻokumu ʻia ma luna. He kūpono loa ia, i hoʻopili pū ʻia me nā ikaika ikaika, e lawe ana i ke kikowaena kahi e noho ai ke kino holoʻokoʻa. Destal crest, ʻaʻole like i nā ʻuhane, ua kūkulu pū ʻia. Kūpili ʻia mai nā iwi ili elongated e hoʻohuli ana i luna, loaʻa nā puʻu hohonu i nā ʻaoʻao, a ma kahi o nā popal o nā iwi pubic he nui hammer-like me ka mānoanoa.
Kekuhi ʻia naʻe kēlā nā ʻeke poloka maka puʻe manu aia ma nā kihi o ka iwi ʻula, a me he mea lā, protruded i waho, a he hāʻawi kēia i ka kuleana e ʻōlelo ai i kēia ʻano ʻano pelekane ma ke ʻano o ka makocular stereoscopic, like like me ka nui o nā mammals hou a me nā kānaka i loaʻa. ʻO kahi mauʻike he mea kōkua nui ia i kēlā me kēia mea nāna e makemake pololei e koho i ke kaʻina o ka lele a i ʻole ka hahau.
Neck o carnosaurs ua paʻa i ka pā ikaika, hoʻonaninani ʻia a hoʻōla ʻia o ka piko o nā kikowaena o nā kikowaena e hōʻike ana i ke kūlana maʻamau o ke poʻo o ka holoholona i kona kūlana kiʻekiʻe, ʻo ia hoʻi, ke poʻo i ka kihi o kahi kikoʻī e pili ana i ka laina nui o ka hiʻona. ʻOiai no kēia hana o ka vertebrae lopa, ʻike maopopo ʻaʻole i hiki i nā holoholona keʻike maoli i ka huli ʻana i ke poʻo a me ka ʻākau. He mea nui ia i ka wā o ka hopu ʻana ua hoʻopakele ʻia kekahi pēpē i hala ʻole i ka piha holoʻokoʻa o ke kino holoʻokoʻa, a i ʻole hiki i ka holoholona ke hāʻule iho i ka mea i pepehi ʻia, ʻo ka hoʻopiʻi pū me ia i ka hapa poʻohiwi o ka manu i ka wikiwiki. Hoʻomaopopo ka hapanui o ka poʻe ʻepekema nā neʻe o ka poʻe nā loea e like me nā allosaurs i ka mea pio mai luna aʻe i loko o ka peke, e hoʻokau ana i ka ʻenemi i ka lepo me ka nui o ko lākou kino. ʻO ia ke kumu, nā kumuʻai a pau i ka pōʻai like me ka ʻano o ka pale mai luna aʻe. I kahi o stegosaurs, he mau lālani like ʻole nā pale kupaianaha like ʻole i pale ʻia i luna, i ka hōʻike o nā ankylosaurs, nā ʻano kīwaha o nā iwi like ʻole o ka osteoderms. ʻOiai he mea nui ka palekana o ka hapa nui o ka huaopod spins o ka Cretaceous i ka pale ʻia e nā ʻano pale like ʻole.
Nā Kūlana Carnosaurus
Poekloplevron
ʻO kekahi o nā ʻano o allozavroids mua i poquilopleuron. He theropod nui, me nā wāwae o nā kelepona i hoʻomohala ʻia, ʻaʻole naʻe i hiki i ka atrophied me nā forelimbs, a hiki i 60 cm ma kahi lōʻihi o 10 mika kahi i noho ai ʻo ia ma ka manawa Jurassic waena ma ka paeʻāina o Farani. Eia kekahi, ua lilo ka poeklopleuron i kēia mau mua e like me ka "lima", ʻo ia hoʻi, ua hoʻohana ʻia no ke olakino a me nā pono ʻē aʻe, ma muli o ia mea i kupanaha nei no kēia ʻano o nā allosaurids, kahi e hoʻohuli ai nā mua i mua i ka vestigial piha ʻole kaʻina hana. ʻAʻole hoʻi he mea kūpono no ka loaʻa ʻole o ke kaʻina ulnar o ka iwi ulnar o ia.
Gigantosaurus
ʻO kekahi o nā mea nui o nā carnosaurs a me nā theropod i ka nui. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka hapa nui loa i loaʻa i ka manawa i loko o ka hoʻomau ʻana o ka manawa kiʻekiʻe o Cretaceous i ka manawa he 13.2 m Ma mua aʻe o ka gigantosaur ka nui he tyrannosaurs a me nā spinosaurs, hiki i ka lōʻihi o 14 a 15 mau mika, kēlā.
Ua kū ʻo ia mai ka nui o nā carnosaurs o ka nui o nā nui a me ke ʻīwī, ka manawa i kapa ʻia ʻo ka lōʻihi loa o nā ʻūhā mua i ʻike ʻia ma mua. ʻO ka nui o ke kaʻe o ka mea i loaʻa ma hope o 2 m, kahi he 50 cm ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi ma mua o ke kaū o ka tyrannosaurus nui.
Kuhi. 3 - Carnosaurus Giantosaurus
Ma ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana i ka ʻōnaehana o ka ʻōnaehana o ka ʻōnaehana o ka musculoskeletal o kēia karnosaurus, a me ke kau ʻana ma luna o ke ʻano o ka lōʻihi o kona tibia a me ka femur, ua like like ia me ka holo like iki. Akā ʻoiai e noʻonoʻo nei nā poʻe ʻepekema i kāna waiwai nui e lilo i mea nui, a no ka mea, ua lohi, nā huaopods o kēlā manawa o nā Titanosaurs, ʻaʻole pono ʻo ia. Ma kēia kaulea he 8 mau paona, (e like me nā mea ʻepekema he nui, hiki i kona paona ke piʻi i 13 tons), a no laila he hiki ʻole ke neʻe ʻo ka wikiwiki i ka wikiwiki nui a hiki i kahi hōʻeha ma hope.
ʻO ke nūnū o ka gigantosaurus, i ka ʻokoʻa ʻana i kona nui, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia hoʻi me ka loaʻa ʻana o nā puʻu e hoʻomaka ana mai nā aluku, e pālahalaha ana ma waena o nā orbits a hoʻopau i ka wahi occipital. Hoʻohana ʻia kēia pākuʻina pololei me ke ʻano o ke kaua hana, a me ka hoʻonui ʻana aʻe i ka ikaika o ka ʻūlo ponoʻī.
Hoʻopaʻa
ʻIke ʻia kēia ʻano ʻano carnosaur i ka puka ʻana o ka lā o ka dinosaur. Loaʻa nā ʻike a pau o nā orcoraptors a hiki i ka hopena o ka Cretaceous a ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka 70-65 miliona mau makahiki o ka makahiki SM. ʻO ia ka koina nui o ka dinosaur o ka nui o ka nui (6 m) i ke ʻano o ke kino o ke kino a me ka musculoskeletal system. Me ka lehulehu o 500 kg, ua weliweliʻo ia a ikaika loa, a ua hoʻohuli ʻia iā ia i loko o kahi mīkini pepehi maoli. Inā ma ka pihi o ka Cretaceous a me ka Paleogene no ka dinosaur i waiho mau ʻia ka "End of the World" mua no nā kānaka ʻepekema, aia nō paha ke ola nei kēia ʻano o ka dinosaur i kekahi ʻano a i ʻole kekahi e ola i kēia manawa.
ʻO Carnosaurus - nā hiʻohiʻona o nā ʻano
Kūkākolu hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e nā ʻāpana hulina nui a me ka mua. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ke like like ko lākou helehelena e like me nā kangaroos hou, ʻumi mau manawa a ʻoi aku ka mākaukau e ʻai i ka ʻai. ʻO kā lākou mea hoʻoili wale wale nō ke poʻo, no ka mea, ʻaʻole hiki i nā ʻōmaʻomaʻo nāwaliwali ke kōkua i ka haki ʻana i ka mea pepehi. Malalo paha ua lele akula lākou i ka mea i hoʻopilikia ʻia, a ʻuwī iā ia me kā lākou puʻupuʻu.
Nā kalaiwa nona ka hoʻokele stereoscopic (he ʻano like ka ʻike me ke ʻano). Ma ke ala, he kuʻekuʻe hanana ʻo ia ʻana i kekahi e kū pono i kona kua ke neʻe i ka kua. ʻO nā ʻōlelo ʻana o kēia ʻanoʻano o ka dinosaur penei: Ua lōʻihi ka lōʻihi i ka lōʻihi o 14 mika, a me ke paona - 7 tons.
Loaʻa ka ossification Tendon i ko lākou ʻuʻuku, kahi i ʻōlelo dinosaur karnosaurus neʻe ʻia i loko o ke kūlana kūloko ma muli o ka ukana nui ma luna o nā kuʻi.
Eia kekahi, like me ke ʻano o ka huila o kahi carnosaurus e like me ke kuʻina o nā trachodonts (nā manu like-manu). Akā aia he mau ʻokoʻa, no ka laʻana, ke kūlana o ka pūʻali koa 4 o ka femur. Ma muli o ke ʻano maʻamau, kahi i hāʻawi ai i nā wāwae nui, hiki i ka carnosaurus ke hoʻomohala i ka wikiwiki nui.
No ka hui ʻana i 2 mau pūʻulu.
• Allosauroids - ka hapanui o nā ʻano, koe wale nō ka lula loa
• Carcharodontosauria - noho i ka wā Cretaceous ma Asia, ʻAmelika, ʻAmelika a me Australia.
Carnotaurus
Carnotaurus - "" kakahī "
Ka manawa paʻa: Kahi wā nui - e pili ana i 100 - 90 mln. ln
Kaulana: Kawaihae
Kiʻi papa: Nā kāmaʻa pili
Nā hiʻohiʻona theropod maʻamau:
- hele i nā wāwae hind ikaika
- ʻai ʻiʻo
- He waha e paʻa ana i nā niho heʻe he nui
Nā ʻāpana:
lōʻihi 7.5 m
kiʻekiʻe 3,5 m
paona 2.5 t
ʻAno Hoʻohui: ʻO nā ʻiʻo dinosaur ʻē aʻe
Kihi: 1985, Argentina
![](http://img.thinkfirsttahoe.org/img/imag-2020/3589/dinozavri-karnozavri-4CC15E3.jpg)
ʻO Carnotaurus kahi māhele o nā pūʻulu dinosaur i kapa ʻia nā carnosaurs. Ka pūpili hui like i ka mea kaulana a wīwīwīwī hoʻi i nā wai.tyrannosaur, tarbosaurus, allosaurus a me nā mea aʻe). Loaʻa i nā carnosaurs āpau nui a me nā forelegs pōkole loa. Akā ʻo ka carnotaurus kekahi mau hiʻohiʻonaʻokoʻa. Ma waena o nā hoahānau pili, aia nā ʻūlima ma luna o ka maka.
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ʻO ka muzzle ākea o ka carnosaurus i hoʻonui aʻe i luna, i huli ke alo i nā maka i ka ʻaoʻao, ʻo ia ka mea ʻo ka dinosaur ke loaʻa i ka hihiʻo binocular, e like me ka tyrannosaurus.
ʻO kekahi hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona o ka carnotaurus i pōkole, nūhi, nā pepeiao i kū pono ma luna o nā maka. Ua nehena iki ka nui o nā pu mai. ʻAʻole e like me nā dinosaurs horn maoli, e like me triceratops, ʻaʻole hiki i ka carnotaurus ke hoʻohana i nā puʻupuʻu liʻiliʻi e like me nā mea kaua. ʻAʻohe pono o ia mea. Ua hōʻike aku nā loio, ua uhi ʻia kēia mau pepeiaohao i kahi korno, i hoʻonui pono ʻia iā lākou. Hiki ua mālama ʻia nā pepeiaohao e "ʻike" i ka dinosaur i waena o kā lākou iho. Hiki ke loaʻa i nā kāne o ka carnotaurus ka lōʻihi i nā pūpū, ʻoi aku i ka wahine.
Hōʻike kino:
Ke kau nei ka carnotaurus e like me ke kaʻa a ulu ʻo ia e like me ka elephant. Ua holo ʻo ia ma nā wāwae ʻelua. ʻO kahi kuʻekuʻe lōʻihi, e like me ke kaho nui, i paʻa i ke kaumaha o kahi kino nui. Hāʻawi ʻia ka ikaika ʻē aʻe i nā iwi ikaika, i paʻa ʻia i nā pālua ʻelua i nā poʻohiwi a i nā pūhaka. ʻAe ʻia nā wāwae muscular lōʻihi i ka holo karnosaurus e holo wikiwiki ai ma mua o nā kumuhana he nui o ka hui o nā carnosaur. He liʻiliʻi nā forelimbs, e like me nā carnotaurs ʻē aʻe. Ke neʻe nei, kōkua ka lōʻihi a me ka huelo o ka lākō i ka carnotaur i ka mālama kaulike. Hana ʻia ka papa
![](http://img.thinkfirsttahoe.org/img/imag-2020/3589/dinozavri-karnozavri-8AD3638.jpg)
Pahele:
Ke kiʻi nei i nā holoholona nui, ua hoʻoweliweli ka carnotaur i kona poʻo i ka manaʻo maoli o ka ʻōlelo. Ke pale ʻana iā ia iho, hiki i ka ʻenemi ke huki nui iā ia a moʻa paha ia. ʻO kēia ka manaʻo, ʻaʻole i hoʻoulu pinepine ka karnosaurus i nā holoholona i kahi like a i ʻole ka nui. ʻO ka hapa paha, ua koho ʻo ia i kahi mea liʻiliʻi e ʻoi aku ka nui a me ka mea nāna e hoʻohana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea nānā maka maikaʻi a me ka hiki ke holo wikiwiki i nā wahi lōʻihi. Ua hoouka koke ka carnosaurus i ka mea iʻa mai kahi hoʻomohala a pepehi a hoʻopaʻa ʻia paha me nā kīkī koi, a ʻaki koke i ka ʻiʻo i nā ʻāpana me kona mau niho.