Me he mea lā i ʻike mua iā ia i loko o ka nahele lāʻau ma ʻAmelika Hema e kokoke loa ana i lohe i ke kani ʻana o ka liona a i kekahi holoholona nui a weliweli paha. A ʻoiai pinepine loa ia e pīhoihoi ana i ka aʻo ʻana ʻo ia mau leo weliweli ʻaʻole i hana ʻia e kahi mea wānana nui, akā na ka ʻuʻuku ʻōlohelohe liʻiliʻi. Ua kāhea ʻia, ʻo ia no ka hoʻōho ʻana i kāna uwē nui, he wīwī.
ʻAʻole he holoholona weliweli nā Howlers. I ka hōʻokoʻa ke, he mau lāka lāʻau maluhia. Ke ʻike nei i kēia mea hana, hiki i kekahi ke noʻonoʻo wale no ke kumu e hoʻolaha ai ʻo ia i kahi ulu ulu.
Nā ʻōhule, howler species
Howlers (Aloautta) - nā mākaʻi o ka ʻohana monkey chain-tail (capuchins). Loaʻa iā lākou ka māhele pālahalaha palapale e hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā mau kaila ʻē aʻe o ka honua Hou. ʻIke ʻia mai ka ʻaoʻao hema o Mexico a hiki i ʻAmelika. Initit ka ʻano o nā nāhelehele, nā pāpaho, nā ʻukāʻau ala. Kū lākou i kahi kiʻekiʻe o 2500 mika ma luna o ke kai. E koho i nā papa waena o lalo o ka nahele.
I ko lākou ʻohana, ʻo nā mea lawehala ka nui o nā moʻo nui. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ko lākou kino e hilinaʻi ana i nā ʻano he 45 a 63 cm, hiki i ka huakaʻi ke hiki i 9 kg. ʻO ke kapa o kēia mau primates ke lōʻihi loa, ʻokoʻa ke kala i ʻulaʻula a me ka uliuli.
ʻOi aku ka lōʻihi ma mua o ke kino. Ma keʻano holoʻokoʻa, mālama ka ʻili i kahi mana koʻikoʻi: hoʻohana ka monkey i kahi lima ʻokoʻa loa (hoʻopaʻa ʻia e ia ma ke lālā, hopu i nā mea like ʻole, etc.). He ikaika loa a ikaika paha ka mea hikiwawe ke hoʻopili i ka puʻupuʻu me ke kihi o kona huʻu a hoʻopaʻa iā ia iho i lalo i lalo i kahi lōʻihi.
I ka huina, aia he 6 mau ʻano i ka hua ʻano Aloautta.
1) Howler ʻAmelika ʻAmelika (Alouatta pigra)
Loaʻa ʻia ma ka Yucatan Peninsula (Mexico), ma Guatemala, Belize.
ʻO nā ʻano nui loa. He palala ka lole, ʻeleʻele.
2) Kolepa Howler (Alouatta coibensis)
Noho ia ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa.
Kahu mai ke kalaka i ka ʻeleʻele, me kahi kāʻei gula ma ke kua, ma nā ʻaoʻao o ke kino melemeleʻeleʻele-brown
3) Red howler (Alouatta seniculus)
ʻIke ʻia ia mai ke kolamu o Colombia a hiki i ke kikowaena Bolivia.
Paʻula ka ʻahuʻula, ʻōmaʻomaʻo ka ʻōpū, ua uliuli ka ʻumi.
4) Howler lanahele ulaula (Alouatta belzebul)
Noho ia ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o Amazonia mai ka muliwai Madeira a hiki i ke kahakai Atlantika.
ʻO ke kala o ke kapa mai ka ʻalani-ʻulaʻula i ka uliuli, ʻulaʻula a me nā ʻāpana o ka huelo a ʻulaʻula.
5) Brown Howler (Alouatta guariba)
Noho kekahi ma kahakai Atlantika o Brazil.
ʻEleʻele ka kapa, ʻeleʻele a ʻulaʻula paha, ua ʻoi aku ka māmā o nā wahine ma mua o nā kāne.
6) Black Howler (Alouatta caraya)
Loaʻa ia ma ke kūkulu hema o Brazil, ma Bolivia a me Argentina.
ʻEleʻele loa nā kūpale, nā ʻōleʻele-ʻeleʻele nā wahine.
Kauʻai
ʻO ka mahele nui o ka meaʻai Howler nā lau. Hoʻopili ʻia nā lāʻau Tropical me nā lau nui o ka makahiki, no laila ʻaʻohe pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka meaʻai.
Me ka nui o nā lau, hiki ke nohe wale nō ke kumu no ka lilo ʻana o nā ʻano ʻē aʻe i nā lau nui. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ke kī ʻole ka hapanui o nā lau maʻa i nā lau like i ka nui o ka mea uwila, a ʻaʻohe ʻai ʻē aʻe kekahi.
Akā he kumu koʻikoʻi nui nā lau - he mau haʻahaʻa lākou. I ka hiki i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ko lākou ikehu, pono ke koho pono loa ka poʻe howlers. Ke nānā wale nei lākou i nā lau ʻōpio, i mea e ʻoi aku ka waiwai nui o ka ikehu.
Ma nā lau o ka Howler wale nō e hiki i kekahi mau pule, akā inā hiki, ʻai lākou i nā hua a me nā pua.
Pono ka Howlers e hoʻopili i kahi kaomi palekana e mālama ai i ka ikehu, ka mea i pili me kā lākou meaʻai haʻahaʻa-calorie. ʻAʻole lākou e hoʻopau i ka ikaika me ka lapuwale: no ka hapalua o ke ao, hiamoe paha nā holoholona a hoʻomaha wale paha, a hāʻawi i ke koena i ka ʻai.
Hōʻike nā Howlers i ka mahele o ka hana ma waena o nā kāne. ʻO ke kuleana o nā kāne, ʻo ia ka pale ʻana i ka ʻohana mai nā mea wī a hoʻonā i nā hakakā ma waena o nā ʻohana pili. Me kā lākou leo nui a me ke kaua ʻana, koi lākou i nā kuleana ma nā hua lāʻau i loko o ke kaona. ʻO ka wahine, ʻoiai, ua paʻa mau i ka mālama ʻana i nā keiki.
No ke aha lākou e uwō ai?
Manaʻo ʻia nā kani ʻana o kēia mau makena i ke ʻano nui o ke aupuni holoholona. Hiki ke lohe ʻia no lākou ma 1,6 km. Ua hoʻohālikelike ʻo Charles Darwin iā ia i loko o nā vertebrates, he kāne nāna i hoʻoho u ke leo nui, ke hōʻike nei i kona ikaika a huki i ka nui o nā wahine. Ua hōʻoia ʻia kēia manaʻo no kekahi mau ʻano o ka baki, akā no ka ʻano o nā mea kime, aia hoʻi nā mea hōʻike liʻiliʻi e kākoʻo i kēia.
Wahi a kekahi ʻano kumuhana ʻē aʻe, he ʻohana kahuhipa o kā lākou mea e ʻoki ai i nā kuleana i nā lāʻau hua. ʻAʻole kūpono kēia manaʻo i kaʻoiaʻiʻo, akā, ʻo ka wahi kupanaha o ka ulu ʻana e koi hou aku. Kēia mau makahiki i hala aku nei, ua lawe ʻia nā noi ʻo Central a me ʻAmelika Hema i ka howl-life of howlers e pane i kēia mau nīnau.
Hōʻalo ka poʻe howler i kā lākou ʻano kaua kaua, e halulu ana i ka lewa ma loko o kahi lua i kahi nui hyoid i loko o ko lākou mau pupu. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka cartilage laryngeal i nā kāne ma mua o nā wahine. ʻO nā kani i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā kāne o nā ʻano ʻokoʻa like me ka nui o ka pahu. ʻO ke kuikahi ʻo ke kāne hānai he nui ka cartilage laryngeal ʻoi aku ma mua o ka mea lawe ʻo Colombian. ʻO ka uwē ʻana o ka mea mua e like me ka ʻūmū hohonu hohonu, aʻo ka lua ua like me ka ʻaʻaka.
ʻO nā kāne a nā ʻohana āpau e hana i ke mele "aloha mele", kahi e pane ai nā kāne o nā ʻohana ʻē aʻe. O nā teritā i noho ʻia e nā ʻohana o ka poʻe lawela, e pale nui ʻia me nā wahi kai o nā ʻano holoholona ʻē aʻe. Ke uwē nei nā kāne i ke kakahiaka, a i kēlā me kēia manawa kēia manawa e neʻe ai nā bipi i kahi wahi hānai hou, na lākou e wehewehe i ka ʻike e pili ana i kahi o kā lākou poʻe ʻohana.
Ke hui ka hui ʻelua, kū mai kahi kīnā ʻole. Hoʻomaka ka poʻe a pau, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā kāne, ke hāhū, ka lele, ke holo ʻana, a i ka manawa ke kaua. Ua lulu ʻo nā wahine mai nā ʻohana ʻelua a nalowale i ka nahele. Ka mea, i mea e pale ole ai i ka mau hemahema ma waena o ka pipi, e uwō ana nā kāne.
Loaʻa nā howler i kahi hierarchy ma waena o nā ʻano like ʻole. Kūkulu ʻia ia i nā ʻano hakakā kaua a me ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o nā kāne makua. ʻO ka hoʻolohe ʻana i ke kani o nā kāne ikaika, ʻoi aku ka mea palupalu e pale aku me ia a mālama i ko lākou ikaika. Akā ʻo kekahi pipi ikaika i ka manawa like, no ka mea ʻaʻole pono nā lālā o ka pale e pale i nā kumulāʻau hua.
No laila, ʻo ke kumu o ke kuʻi e kōkua i nā monkeys e hoʻohana i ko lākou wahi ola ma ke ala maikaʻi loa a ʻaʻole i hoʻopilikia i ka pōkole o ka meaʻai.
Hōʻike ʻo Howler monkey a me kahi noho
Howler howler - kekahi o nā puʻu nui loa ma Brazil. Ua loaʻa iā ia kona inoa mai ka puʻuwai aloha ʻōwāhe mea i loheia no na mau mile a puni. Mamuli o ka wahine ole, hiki ke lilo ka lole, ʻulaʻula aʻeleʻele paha, ʻeleʻele i ʻoniʻula.
ʻAʻohe kahi lauoho ma luna o kahi muzzle, pālahalaha ka iwi, ua pālahalaha iki. ʻO ka primate nā pīhoihoi hoihoi, hiki iā ʻoe ke kiʻi i nā niu a inu i ka waiū a wai wai paha.
ʻO ka ʻaoʻao o lalo o ka muzzle e kiʻi ʻia e kahi ʻumiʻumi maikaʻi. Pono kēlā me kēia wāwae e pā aiʻelima mauʻu. Hoʻopili ke kaʻe o ka huelo ma muli o kona hoʻohana pinepine ʻana; nā mea āpau a me nā kumu hoʻohālike e loaʻa ana ma ka lōʻihi holoʻokoʻa.
ʻO ka ʻāina i manaʻo ʻia ʻo Central a me ʻAmelika Hema. Noho ka nāka i loko o nā ululā ʻo ka ua nui. Makemake ʻo ia e huddle ma waena o nā palaki lālā. He acrobat maikaʻi loa ia, a ʻo kāna huelo movable e lawelawe ma ka wāwae he ʻelima.
ʻO ka hapa nui o nā mea āpau a lākou e aloha e noho i luna o kahi lālā a pāʻani i nā ʻāpana ikaika. ʻO kēia, hoʻohui i ka mea hoʻolohe i ka pīhoihoi, a hāʻawi i nā hoahānau i kahi hōʻailona e pili ana i ko lākou wahi.
ʻO ka nui o nā ʻano manuahi howler monkey - oia no Central America (noho ma ka akau o Amerika Hema a me Mekiko) a he ʻulaʻula (Guiana a me Venezuela). ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino e pili ana i 40 a 70 cm, ʻo ka huelo he lōʻihi a 50-75 cm, ke kaupaona nei ma kahi o 10 kg.
Hoʻopili i kahi kapa pale nani a puni ka kino. ʻUlaʻulaʻula ke kala, i kekahi manawa ke hoʻololi ʻia i ka ʻeleʻele. Loaʻa nā kāne i nā ʻumiʻumi, kahi a lākou e makemake ai no ka hōʻeha ʻana, me he mea lā e noʻonoʻo ana. Liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi nā wahine mai nā kāne.
Nui Pehea e uwe ai ʻo Miki ma muli o ke kūkaʻi o nā ʻāʻī. ʻOhi lākou i ka wai lawai a me ka ea, i ka wā e hoʻāhu ai, ua hui ʻia, a me ka nui ʻana ka mākaʻi. Kekahi mea e like me nā resonator o ka ʻike kūlohelohe.
Makemake e ʻike i nā mea āpau
ʻIke paha ʻoe he moʻo noisiest primate he howler monkey? ʻO nā ʻelele Kolombia a me nā leo nui hoʻokūkū o kēia mau holoholona iʻoi aku ka weliweli ma luna o nā mea lanakila. ʻAe, ʻae nō, aia paha iā ʻoe e kuhihewa - ua loaʻa i ka howler kona inoa no kahi kumu. Kani kēia holoholona no kona lulu lōʻihi a leo nui. Paʻi ka ʻūlū ʻana o ka Howler i ke kakahiaka a me ke ahiahi. Hoʻāla ʻia ka uwē e nā kāne, a ʻo nā wahine wahine ke ʻili i ka makemake o nā kāne howler.
ʻO Howlers nā ʻelele nui loa o nā ʻohana pnhi kaulahao, i kapa ʻia ʻo capuchins. Lawe ʻia nā hana nui i ke ola ma ke ʻano he 2 mau mea: hānai a ʻaihue. I ka pō, hiamoe nā mākeke. ʻOiaʻiʻo, i kekahi manawa uwele lākou i ka moeʻuhane. ʻO nā ʻauhau e pili ana i kēia mau holoholona hoihoi.
Howlers (lat.Aloautta) - he ʻano o nā moʻo nā kini nui o ka ʻohana Arachnids (Atelidae). Noho lākou i ka nahele a me nā kuahiwi o Central a me ʻAmelika Hema, e noho ana ma ka lāʻau. Noho ʻo Howlers i nā ʻohana ʻohana 15-18 kanaka pū kekahi. ʻO ka lau maʻamau ka lau, nā hua, a me nā pua. ʻO ka mea kaulana loa nā mea pīpī luʻu (Venezuela a me Guiana) a me Central Howler (Mexico a me nā ʻāpana ʻākau o ʻAmelika Hema.
Penetrating, kokoke i nā maka o ke kanaka, me he mea lā e komo i ka hohonu o ka ʻuhane. ʻIke ʻia ka ʻike ʻana o ka holoholona i ka interlocutor me ka ʻole o ka huaʻōlelo hoʻokahi. He kūpono lākou no ka mālama ʻana i ka home, akā ke manaʻo nei lākou e kaohi ʻia a hōʻeha pinepine ʻia. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi inā ke ola nei ka howler monkey i kahi pōʻai piha, ʻaʻole i loko o kahi pā.
ʻO ka moʻolelo Howler kekahi o nā mōʻī nui nui loa o Brazil. Loaʻa iā ia kona inoa mai ka puʻuhū puʻuwai puʻu i hiki ke lohe ʻia no nā mau hola he nui a puni. Ma muli o ka hale, hiki i ke kapa ke loaʻa kahi ʻulaʻula, māmā a ʻeleʻele paha, ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele.
ʻAʻohe kahi lauoho ma luna o kahi muzzle, pālahalaha ka iwi, ua pālahalaha iki. ʻO ka primate nā pīhoihoi hoihoi, hiki iā ʻoe ke kiʻi i nā niu a inu i ka waiū a wai wai paha. ʻO ka ʻaoʻao o lalo o ka muzzle e kiʻi ʻia e kahi ʻumiʻumi maikaʻi. Pono kēlā me kēia wāwae e pā aiʻelima mauʻu. Hoʻopili ke kaʻe o ka huelo ma muli o kona hoʻohana pinepine ʻana; nā mea āpau a me nā kumu hoʻohālike e loaʻa ana ma ka lōʻihi holoʻokoʻa.
Ma muli o ke kūlapa o ka ʻāʻī i ka ʻūʻī ʻana o ka moʻo. ʻOhi lākou i ka wai lawai a me ka ea, i ka wā e hoʻāhu ai, ua hui ʻia, a me ka nui ʻana ka mākaʻi. Kekahi mea e like me nā resonator o ka ʻike kūlohelohe.
ʻO ka moʻolelo Howler kahi holoholona mālie e ke ʻano, e hoʻoikaika i ka manawa kūlohelohe o ka lā. ʻO kā lākou kaumaha maʻamau i kēlā me kēia lā he mākaʻikaʻi o ke kula, a implicitly hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻai i ka ʻono. I ka pō hiamoe lākou i mua, akā ʻaʻole i hoʻōho ka poʻe kāne i ka walaʻau ʻana i ka pō. Noho nā Primates i nā ʻohana ʻohana, kahi helu mai 15 a 17 paha.
Ma ka pūʻulu o nā pūʻulu he aliʻi hoʻokahi a ʻo kāna kuhina, he nui nā wāhine i ko lākou papa. ʻAe ka wahine iā ʻoe e hoʻomaopopo i ka mākaukau no ka moekolohe. Inā ʻaʻole mākaukau ka kāne nui, a laila hoʻololi ʻo ia i kahi mea kōkua. He ʻīlio i manaʻo ai i nā kāne howler e wehewehe maopopo i kēia ko lākou wahi. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻohe ʻāpana ʻokoʻa, pinepine nā kaua i waena o nā poʻo o nā pūʻulu. I kēlā mau kaua like ʻole, make nā kāne he nui. Kū ka hakakā i kekahi manawa ma muli o ka neʻe ʻana o ka wahine i kahi kāne mai kekahi hui kū. He mea paʻakikī loa nā hakakā, a ʻo ka mea lanakila ke hoʻopau mau i ka mea nāna.
ʻO kēia manawa hou, ua hoʻopuka nā poʻe ʻepekema i nā hopena o nā noi ʻana o ka ʻūhā e kani ana o ka howler. Ke ʻōlelo nei lākou, e hana ana ka iwi hyoid ma ke kiko. ʻOi ka nui, ʻo ka ikaika ka lulu. Ua nānā pū nā ʻepekema ʻepekema i ka pilina pili ma waena o ka nui o ke kani a me ka nui o nā ʻōpū o ka primate. Inā hoʻopaʻa pinepine ka holoholona i nā manawa lōʻihi, a laila ʻae wale kēia e ʻike i nā mea kūikawā keu ʻole, e like me ke kāne. A me ka uē mau ʻo ia i kapa hou i ka wahine ʻoi aku ka manawa.
Hiki i nā kāne ke komo i kahi aneane hoʻokahi mita. ʻO kā lākou huelo ka like o ka like. He hiʻohiʻona ʻokoʻa nona: ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka huelo o ka ʻaoʻao ma loko, aia kahi hoʻolālā me ka huluhulu me nā hiʻohiʻona a me nā combs ma ka ʻili. Mahalo iā lākou, ʻo ka howler monkey e hana ai i kēlā me kēia luhi me ka ʻoihana e like me ka lima ʻē aʻe. Me ke kōkua o ia mea, ua hopu lākou a ʻohi i nā hua, nā lau, lūlū a me ka "akahele" i ka hoahānau, hoʻokau i nā pēpē. Pēlā ikaika ka huelo e hiki ai ke kākoʻo i ke kaumaha o ke kino o ka holoholona i ka wā e kau ai i lalo. ʻO ka mahele haʻahaʻa a me nā ʻaoʻao o ka poʻe howlers he ʻelima mau lima alima e neʻe ana me nā kui pā.
Ke nānā nei i nā makika howler, ʻo ka mea mua, ua makaʻala ʻoe i ke poʻo me kahi helehelena lauoho ʻaʻole me nā ʻumiʻumi. ʻO ka nui ka laryngeal pēpē pono ʻia. ʻO kā lākou "lole" ke kūlike o ka mane ʻeleʻele, brown, ʻulaʻula, keleawe-ʻulaʻula ʻolo. Ke lele ikaika a me nā ʻāʻī e nānā i mua, e hoʻohālikelike i kēlā.
ʻO ka papaʻai nui o ka wīwī wīwī he deciduous greenery o nā kumulāʻau, pua, nā hua, nā hua, nā ʻōpio ʻōpio a me nā pua. I kekahi manawa hiki iā ʻoe ke nānā i ke kīpē ʻana o ka waiwai ma mua o kona waha.
Me kēia, hoʻāʻo ʻo ia e hoʻokaʻawale i nā waiwai ʻona o kekahi mau mea kanu. Hoʻākoakoa ka minamina huapalapala i nā mea momona a, me ka ʻole ka hoʻopilikia ʻana, ua hele a pau i ke kino. No ka mea he loea nā mole, a ʻaʻole hāʻawi ka mea kanu i ka nui o ka ikehu, ʻaʻole hele lākou i kahi lōʻihi. Hoʻohana ʻia ka mana āpau no nā mākaʻikaʻi o kēlā me kēia lā. Hiki iā ʻoe ke nānā i ke ʻano o nā kaile i nā lua lua i ka ʻōpala lāʻau a huki i ka wai wai, nā mea waiwai i nā mea momona (nā mea momona), nā huaora a me nā ʻāpana.
Ma hope o ka moe ʻana, alakaʻi ka wahine i kahi ʻano liʻiliʻi i ka pale, hoʻāʻo ʻo ia e pale iā ia iho i ka hiki. Loaʻa i kahi māka o 190 mau lā, ʻaʻole loaʻa nā māhoe. Ma hope koke o ka hānau keiki ʻana, hoʻopili ke pēpē i ka lole o ka makuahine a noho maoli ʻo ia ma luna. ʻAno kēia maʻa māmā e haʻalele i ka makua a hiki iā ia ke hele pū me ia mai 18 a 24 mau mahina. Hānau ka wahine i ka pēpē me ka waiū waiū, he makuahine maikaʻi loa ia - mālama a mālama. Inā liʻuliʻu ke keiki no kahi pōkole, a laila ʻōlelo mau ka makua iā ia. I ka wā e hiki ai ka pēpē i ka wā o ka ʻōpio, ua hoʻowalewale ka makuahine i ka hana kipi iā ia. ʻAʻole maikaʻi ka ʻike, no ka mea e hoʻomau mau nei ka moʻo e hoʻi, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā waimaka. Hoʻokuʻu pinepine ʻia nā ʻōpio kāne ʻōpiopio o ka moʻo Howler mai kā lākou kamaʻāina kūlike a he wahi ʻole ʻia. ʻAʻole hoʻi he mea maʻamau ka mea ʻōpio e make i nā hakakā ikaika.
Hōʻike nā Primates i kā lākou kākoʻo a me ke aloha ma o ka uhai ʻana i ko lākou huelo lōʻihi. Hoʻohana lākou ia i loko o ka pilina a me ke kahu no kahi pēpē hilahila. ʻO ka ʻike leʻaleʻa, he lālani nui o nā kaomi he nui i ʻōhola, me nā waha hāmama, e hāʻawi ana i ke kakahiaka ʻoi kakahiaka.
Hoʻaiho
Loaʻa kēia ʻano o nā kaile i ka nā nāhelehele o nā nāhele ʻihi o nā mauna ma Central and Latin America. Noho lākou i nā pua nui. ʻO ka pinepine o nā ʻike ʻike ʻia i nā lāʻau kiʻekiʻe. Ma hope o nā mea āpau, aia i laila ka nui o nā meaʻai i ke ʻano o nā pua, nā lau succulent hou, nā pua, nā hua, nā kumu o kā lākou ʻai.
Nā ʻlerslapa o nā Howlers
Ma kēlā me kēia lā, i ka wā e aʻe ai ka lā, e hele ana kekahi pūʻulu he 40 mau kānaka i ka "kahua hoʻokipa" - nā kihi o nā kumu nui. ʻO ka mea mua, noho mālie howler monkey noho maʻalahi a hilinaʻi. Hoʻopaʻa paʻa lākou i nā manamana ma hope, a ʻo ka ʻili ua paʻa a paʻa a puni nā lālā paʻa. Ma hope o kahi hōʻailona maʻamau, hoʻomaka nā "soloists" - nā kāne ulu i ke kani i ka piko o kā lākou pūpū. He ʻano ʻano koa kaulana kēia, i ka manawa a kēlā me kēia, e puhi ana i kona ʻāʻī, ke kani ʻana, a me ka nānā pono aku ʻana i nā hoahānau. Ma hope o kekahi manawa, ʻo nā mau molo maoli he nui, e hoʻōho ana i nā "soloists", e hui pū me kahi poʻe mele nui. Uwe nui lākou no ʻekolu a ʻehā mau minuke a ʻoi hoʻi me ka leo a me ka ikaika loa e pālahalaha ana ke kani no nā kilomita. A laila e hemo ka "mele", hiki i ke kiko kiʻekiʻe loa. Aia ka noho mālie e noho pōkole ai, ka mea e hānai ai nā howler monkey, e hōʻiliʻili i ko lākou ikaika no ka uwō hou.
I ke ahiahi, he pipi o nā capuchins e hele ana i nā nahele no ka ʻaina awakea. A i ke ahiahi, ʻōlelo hou kā lākou kāhea i nā kai a puni. ʻO nā mea hele e ʻike a lohe i nā pōloli, e wehewehe ana i kā lākou "ʻenehana" i kā lākou huakaʻi huakaʻi, e nīnau no lākou iā lākou iho i nā nīnau: no ke aha e kani nui ai nā holoholona a he aha ke kumu o ko lākou kakahiaka a me ke ahiahi. Ua pane koke ʻia ka nīnau mua ma hope o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ke ʻano o ka howler. Ka mea i lilo ka hana a lākou laryngeal i ka hana resonators. No laila, hoʻonui ʻia nā leo i hana ʻia e nā luna o kēia ʻohana i nā manawa he nui, e lilo ana i leo a ikaika. Akā e pili ana i ke kumu o nā hea a kēia poʻe kanaka, ua nui kekahi manaʻo kuhi. ʻO ka mea mua, ʻo ka makaʻu o ka ʻenemi e pono ai. ʻO ka lua ʻo kahi palapala noi no nā ʻāina a lākou i noho ai, he ʻano mele like mele like ʻole. Me he mea ʻole kou makemake i ka leka e pili ana i kēia mau mea hoihoi a ʻaʻole i aʻo pono i nā ʻelele o nā Capuchins.
Howler ʻulaʻula, a i ʻole howler (lat.Alouatta seniculus) - kekahi o nā ʻano o nā loina ākea ākea (Platyrrhini).
Nā ʻāwīwī ulaula, e like me ka hapa nui o nā makimeka, ua hoʻomohala i ka noho pilikino. Hoʻohui ʻia nā ʻelele o kēia ʻano ʻano i nā hui ʻelima o iwakālua mau kanaka. ʻO ke poʻo o ke pūʻulu he kāne kahiko. Ua koi ʻia kekahi mau kāne ʻelemakule i ke kūlana o ke alakaʻi o ka pūʻulu, no laila e kū pinepine ka hakaka no ka hoʻokūkū ma waena o nā kāne.
ʻO nā ʻōpala ʻulaʻula he holoholona make ʻole. Holo mālie lākou i nā kumulāʻau a ma waena o lākou, e uhi ana i kahi mamao o 400 mika i kēlā me kēia lā. Hoʻonui nui i ke kakahiaka a me ke ahiahi. ʻO ka pō lākou e hiamoe ai i nā kumulāʻau. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka kāne he 85-100 cm; ʻo ka lōʻihi o nā wahine he 74-89 cm. ʻO nā kaupaona he 6.5 a 8 kg, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā wahine, ʻoi aku ka momona o ka 4,5 a 6.4 kg.
ʻO ka papa ʻai ka mea kanu, nā kumulāʻau lāʻau, nā ʻano like ʻole, nā hua a me nā pua. Hoʻopili maikaʻi ʻia ke kōpona o ka Howler ʻulaʻula i nā mea kanu: ua lōʻihi loa, loaʻa nā huina kūikawā e kōkua ana i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā meaʻai ikaika. ʻAʻohe o ka howler red e loaʻa i kahi wā hoʻoulu kūikawā, hoʻololi pinepine nā hoa. Hoʻohui ka lā hānau ʻana o ka makahiki 186-194. Aia hoʻokahi pā i ka litter. Mālama ka makuahine i ka pēpē mai 18 a 24 mau mahina.
ʻO nā kāne makua ke alakaʻi o ka hui. Hiki iā lākou ke hana i nā pūʻulu hou a i ʻole e ho'āʻo e hoʻokahuli i nā kāne alakaʻi. ʻO ka makahiki puberty mai ka 3.5 a 4 mau makahiki. Ua ʻike ʻia kekahi mau ʻepekema a he 9 subspecies o ka howler red: Alouatta seniculus seniculus, A. s. arctoidea, A. s. lakiko, A. s. macconnelli, A. s. insulanus, A. s. amazonica, A. s. juara, A. s. puruensis a me A. s. sara. Kuhi ʻia ka hapa nui o lākou me ka like ʻole me nā subspecies ʻē aʻe. ʻLelo ʻia e A. s. ʻāhaʻi.
He mea maʻamau ka Red howler mai Kolombia i ka Amazon a mai ʻEukake a hiki i Bolivia waena. Ke kūlana mālama nei o nā ʻano - ma muli o ka hopohopo nui (English Least Concern).
Howler ʻAmelika ʻAmelika (lat.Alouatta pigra) - kahi moʻohelu mai ka ʻohana o nā arachnids. Loaʻa ia ma nā ululā o ka ua o Belize, Guatemala a me Mexico.
ʻO ka poʻe howler pūnaewele ʻoi loa ka nui o nā ʻano lawaiʻa a me kekahi o nā primates nui loa o ka Honua Hou. ʻO nā keiki maoli o kēia mau ʻano ka nui o nā poʻo mua o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. ʻO ke kaumaha o nā kāne ma ka awelika 11.4 kg; ke kaupaona nei o nā wahine i ka 6,4 kg. ʻO ke kino kino mai 521 a 639 mm. ʻO ka loa o ka huelo mai 590 a 690 mm. He lōʻihi ka lole, ʻeleʻele. ʻAno keʻa kālai. ʻO ke kapa o nā pēpē hou, ʻeleʻele ia; ʻO nā keiki ma mua o nā mahina ʻehā he keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo.
Ua hāhai ʻia i ka Morologia e kanu i nā meaʻai. ʻO ka molars ka lihi ʻoki kiʻekiʻe, e kōkua ana i kēia mau holoholona e uwahi i nā lau. He iwi hyoid ka nui o nā kāne, a ʻo ia ke kū nei i ka wā e hoʻopuka ana i nā uē nui, e ʻike ʻia ana e nā mākaʻi o nā ʻohana.
Nā holoholona lāʻau o ke ao. Koho i nā hui liʻiliʻi, i hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha kāne kāne, ʻo ka ʻāpana o ka nui o nā kāne i ka helu o nā kāne ma ʻelele 1,3. I ka hui, maʻamau mai 2 a 16 ka poʻe hoʻokahi, e komo pū me nā holoholona ʻōpio. Aia ka palena o ka pūʻulu mai ka 3 a hiki i 25 ha. Hiki i ka lehulehu o ka lehulehu i ka 250 mau kānaka no km km.
I ka papaʻai, nā lau a me nā huaʻai i hoʻohui ʻia e nā pua a me nā hua.
Hiki i nā wahine i ka wā pahū ma ke ʻano he 4 makahiki, ʻoi aku nā kāne, ma ka makahiki he 6-8 mau makahiki. I ka hiki ʻana aku i ka wā ʻōpiopio, haʻalele nā kāne i ka hui, noho mau nā wahine. Hāpai ka ola i nā makahiki 20.
Ua hoʻolauna ka International Union for Conservation of Nature i nā ʻano i ka ʻoihana "Endangered", ʻoiai, e like me ka manaʻo o ka makahiki 2008, ua hōʻole ka nui o ka poʻe ma ka 60% ma mua o 30 mau makahiki (3 mau hanauna). ʻO ka hoʻoweliweli nui loa i nā ʻano holoholona he make luku, ka hopu a me ke kālepa ʻole.
ʻAʻohe mea pōʻino mai kēia mau holoholona i ke kanaka. Akā ʻo ka pōmaikaʻi, ʻo ka ʻai ʻana o ka makaʻāina i ka ʻiʻo howler. Aia no kekahi e hoʻohana ʻia nei nā kaile ʻana i nā mea ʻepekema. ʻO ka holoholona i kēia lā aia ma ka hope o kahi i pau. Ua kau inoa ʻia ka howler ma nā CITES Convention ma kahi o ka nui o ka pau ʻana o kona mau helu. ʻO kekahi o nā pilikia e hoʻopili nei i kēia maʻi ʻo ia ka mea i maʻi ʻia e ka maʻi parasit ma ka ʻūhā howler.
Ka hiʻohiʻona a me ke ʻano o ke kaomi howler
Howler howler ma ke ʻano he holoholona mālie, ikaika i ka lā pohō. ʻO kā lākou kaumaha maʻamau i kēlā me kēia lā he mākaʻikaʻi o ke kula, a implicitly hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻai i ka ʻono. I ka pō hiamoe lākou i mua, akā ʻaʻole i hoʻōho ka poʻe kāne i ka walaʻau ʻana i ka pō. Noho nā Primates i nā ʻohana ʻohana, kahi helu mai 15 a 17 paha.
He ʻumiʻumi nā kāne ʻo Howler monkey
Ma ka pūʻulu o nā pūʻulu he aliʻi hoʻokahi a ʻo kāna kuhina, he nui nā wāhine i ko lākou papa. ʻAe ka wahine iā ʻoe e hoʻomaopopo i ka mākaukau no ka moekolohe. Inā ʻaʻole mākaukau ka kāne nui, a laila hoʻololi ʻo ia i kahi mea kōkua.
He ʻōlapa ʻana o nā kāne whatoliki e hāpau i ko lākou ʻāina. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻohe ʻāpana ʻokoʻa, pinepine nā kaua i waena o nā poʻo o nā pūʻulu. I kēlā mau kaua like ʻole, make nā kāne he nui.
Kū ka hakakā i kekahi manawa ma muli o ka neʻe ʻana o ka wahine i kahi kāne mai kekahi hui kū. He mea paʻakikī loa nā hakakā, a ʻo ka mea lanakila ke hoʻopau mau i ka mea nāna.
Ua hoʻopuka hou nā kānaka ʻepekema i nā ʻimi noiʻi noiʻi howler. ^ E Ha yM. Ke ʻōlelo nei lākou, e hana ana ka iwi hyoid ma ke kiko. ʻOi ka nui, ʻo ka ikaika ka lulu.
Ua nānā pū nā ʻepekema ʻepekema i ka pilina pili ma waena o ka nui o ke kani a me ka nui o nā ʻōpū o ka primate. Inā hoʻopaʻa pinepine ka holoholona i nā manawa lōʻihi, a laila ʻae wale kēia e ʻike i nā mea kūikawā keu ʻole, e like me ke kāne. A me ka uē mau ʻo ia i kapa hou i ka wahine ʻoi aku ka manawa.
Howler kai monkey
Meaʻaiʻai howler monkey - he greidy greenery o nā kumulāʻau, nā pua, nā hua, nā hua ʻōpio a me nā pua. I kekahi manawa hiki iā ʻoe ke nānā i ke kīpē ʻana o ka waiwai ma mua o kona waha.
Me kēia, hoʻāʻo ʻo ia e hoʻokaʻawale i nā waiwai ʻona o kekahi mau mea kanu. Hoʻākoakoa ka minamina huapalapala i nā mea momona a, me ka ʻole ka hoʻopilikia ʻana, ua hele a pau i ke kino. No ka mea he loea nā mole, a ʻaʻole hāʻawi ka mea kanu i ka nui o ka ikehu, ʻaʻole hele lākou i kahi lōʻihi.
Hoʻohana ʻia ka mana āpau no nā mākaʻikaʻi o kēlā me kēia lā. Hiki iā ʻoe ke nānā i ke ʻano o nā kaile i nā lua lua i ka ʻōpala lāʻau a huki i ka wai wai, nā mea waiwai i nā mea momona (nā mea momona), nā huaora a me nā ʻāpana.
ʻO ka hana a me ka ola o ka monike howler
Ma hope o ka moe ʻana, alakaʻi ka wahine i kahi ʻano liʻiliʻi i ka pale, hoʻāʻo ʻo ia e pale iā ia iho i ka hiki. Loaʻa i kahi māka o 190 mau lā, ʻaʻole loaʻa nā māhoe.
ʻO ka paʻi kiʻi ʻia he cub monkey
Ma hope koke o ka hānau keiki ʻana, hoʻopili ke pēpē i ka lole o ka makuahine a noho maoli ʻo ia ma luna. ʻAno kēia maʻa māmā e haʻalele i ka makua a hiki iā ia ke hele pū me ia mai 18 a 24 mau mahina.
Hānau ka wahine i ka pēpē me ka waiū waiū, he makuahine maikaʻi loa ia - mālama a mālama. Inā liʻuliʻu ke keiki no kahi pōkole, a laila ʻōlelo mau ka makua iā ia.
I ka wā e hiki ai ka pēpē i ka wā o ka ʻōpio, ua hoʻowalewale ka makuahine i ka hana kipi iā ia. ʻAʻole maikaʻi ka ʻike, no ka mea e hoʻomau mau nei ka moʻo e hoʻi, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā waimaka.
ʻO nā kāne ʻōpio pinepine howler monkey ua kipaku ʻia aku lākou mai kā lākou kamaʻāina ʻē aʻe a ʻaʻohe kumu. ʻAʻole hoʻi he mea maʻamau ka mea ʻōpio e make i nā hakakā ikaika.
Loaʻa ka lōʻihi ola o ka howler black ma vivo mai ka 15 a 20 mau makahiki. I ke pio ʻana, aia kekahi mau manawa i noho ai ka primacy ma ʻekolu mau keneta. ʻO nā mea āpau kiʻi o ka howler monkey hoihoi me kāna magnetism. ʻO ka maka akamai ia o nā maka like kanaka. ʻO ka helehelena o ka helehelena, ka neʻe, ka hopena ma nā huaʻōlelo a me nā leo - ʻo ia wale nō ke hōʻike hou nei i ko mākou mau hoahānau aloha.
Hōʻike nā Primates i kā lākou kākoʻo a me ke aloha ma o ka uhai ʻana i ko lākou huelo lōʻihi. Hoʻohana lākou ia i loko o ka pilina a me ke kahu no kahi pēpē hilahila. ʻO ka ʻike leʻaleʻa - aia kēia ma ka lālani e noho ana i ka lehulehu i nā kala Howler monkey, hāmama ka waha, e hāʻawi ana i kahi ʻaha kakahiaka.
Nā hōʻailona kūwaho o kahi ʻāpana ʻula
ʻO ka wahine keu ginger hika he lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o 49-72 kenimika, ke kaupaona - 5.2 - 7.0 kilograms, nā wahine 46-57 cm ka lōʻihi a kaupaona 4.1 - 5.0 kg. He lōʻihi ka huelo - 51-73 cm, ma ka ʻaoʻao ma ke kolu o ke kolu kahi moe, e hana ana i kahi hana.
ʻAno ke kala a ʻula paha ke kala o ke kapa. He lōʻihi a lōʻihi hoʻi ka hulu, e like me ka siliki. ʻŌpala ka lei. ʻAʻohe lauoho o ka lauzzle, akā ma ka ʻaoʻao me kahi kapa. Kue ka ʻū o ke ihu. Ke alo nei ka iwi ʻanā i mua, i hoʻoponopono ʻia no ka hana ʻana i nā mea kanu mea kanu.
Hoʻoulu ʻia nā ʻōpala, hoʻonui ʻia i ka larynx a me ka hāmeʻa hyoid e hoʻopili ai i ka hana o ka resonator. ʻO nā kaula ākea ākea nui a mākaʻikaʻi e ʻae i ka wili ʻulaʻula ulaula e ʻōlelo i nā uwē nui, nā puʻu, nā mea kanu a me nā ʻola. ʻAi ʻia nā molars luna, pono no ka ʻohi hohonu ʻana o nā lālā a me nā lau.
He nui ka nui nā kōpulu kōpala, huna ʻia nā wai ʻai me nā enzymes e wāwahi i ka ʻanu o nā lau, hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka hāliʻiliʻi ʻana o ka ʻōpū a me nā ʻāpana. ʻO ka wahī i kahi 1/3 o ke kino.
Red Howler Meal
Howler Red ʻaʻai i ʻai, lauole hua, moss, ʻōpala, nā pua, nā pua. ʻO ka papaʻai e pili ana i nā ʻano lāʻau 195 mai 47 mau ʻohana. ʻAʻole kiʻekiʻe loa ka meaʻai like me ka nui o nā calories, no ka mea he nui ka nui, no laila e loaʻa ka nui o ke kino i ka ikaika.
Mālama ʻo Red Howler i nā mea ulaula a me kā lākou huaʻīlima, ke hopu ʻia i nā mammals liʻiliʻi.
Noho nā Bacteria i ka digestive system o ka primate, kōkua lākou e komo i ka lāʻau o nā mea kanu palupalu, i loaʻa i ka cellulose.
I kekahi manawa ke ʻai wale nā lau nui i nā lau, akā ʻaʻole ʻike ke kino i ka nele o nā mea trace a me nā mea momona. Hoʻolaha ʻo Howler ʻula i nā hua o 95% o nā mea kanu i loko o ka nui o ka mea hoʻomalakala.
ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona o ka ʻano o ka howler ʻulaʻula
Howlers ʻulaʻao - nā poʻe noho ākea o ka nahele a hoʻopau i ka hapa nui o ko lākou ola ma nā lāʻau. ʻOi aku lākou makemake e noho i ke kikowaena o ka laulā o luna, ʻoiai hiki iā lākou ke noho ma nā pae āpau o ke kauā, a hiki ke iho i lalo e lanakila i nā wahi liʻiliʻi ma waena o nā kumu lāʻau.
Ke hiamoe nei nā kahu howor no nā hola 15, 70% o nā manawa āpau e moe ai lākou ma ka hehi lāʻau. I ke kakahiaka, hana nā leo nui, no laila e kamaʻilio lākou me nā kula ʻē aʻe, e hoʻoholo ana i ke kūlana o nā hoahānau ʻē aʻe a me kā lākou helu.
Loaʻa iā ka hui he 10 a he kanaka hoʻokahi, e alakaʻi ʻia e ke kāne ʻike.
I ka manawa like, kū pinepine nā hakakā i loko o ka pu no ka alakaʻi. No laila, haʻalele nā kāne ʻōpio i ka hui e hōʻiliʻili i kā lākou ʻohana. I kekahi manawa hoʻomaka nā loea ʻōpio e lanakila i ka pā, ʻoiai lākou e luku aku ai i nā poʻe hoʻokūkū - nā kāne hou. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo ka wahine e pale iā lākou, akā he hapaha wale nō o nā cubs e ola.
E hoʻōla mau ana nā howler i ke kakahiaka a me ke ahiahi. Ke neʻe nei lākou ma nā lālā me ke kōkua o nā manamana a me ka huelo, me ka hoʻohana ʻana iā ia e kaulike ai a huki i nā lālā me nā hua. Ma ka ua, noho mau kaila ʻulaʻula i nā lāʻau, ke kali nei i ka pau ʻana o ka ua.
Pūkahi ʻaila hilo
Hoʻopilikia hou nā pēpēne ʻenehana i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Kūkulu ʻia nā ʻōpili ma mua o ka wā hānau. Hoʻāʻo ka wahine e hoʻowalewale i ke kāne me nā neʻe heʻe o ka pelvis, ke kāne, mākaukau no ka ʻaina, pane aku i ke kāhea. Hānau mai ʻo ia i hoʻokahi cubima o 7 mau mahina ma hope o ke ʻano o kona paona he 263 gram wale nō. Ma hope o ka hānau ʻana, kāohi ʻo ia i ka lole o kona makuahine a neʻe pū me ia i kahi kūlana, kāʻei i kou kua.
Holo ka waiū hānai no ka 1,5 - 2 mau makahiki. I ke makahiki hoʻokahi, hiki i kahi kao ʻōpio ke pipiʻi i kāna mau lālā ma kona huelo. ʻO nā wahine ʻē aʻe ʻole nā cubs e hoʻāla ʻia e like me hoʻi. ʻO ka honu ma waena o nā hānau hānau makahiki he 16.6 mau mahina, inā e make ka cub, hānau mai ka wahine i ka lua. Hiki i nā wahine'ōpiopio ke hāʻawi i nā keiki i ka makahiki 5, nā kāne ma hope, hiki i ka 7 mau makahiki. Ke kūlohelohe nei, noho nā pōpoki ʻulaʻula e pili ana i 15 mau makahiki, i ke pio ʻana - he iwakāluakūmālima mau makahiki.
Aia hoʻokahi pā i ka litter. Hiki i ka makuahine ke hānai iā ia i 2 mau makahiki.
Ke ʻano o ka mālama ʻana
ʻO Red Howler kahi ʻano maʻamau i maʻamau o nā primates. Ma nā ulu lāʻau ʻo Brazil, nui ka nui, akā ma nā wahi ʻē aʻe i emi nui ka nui o nā ʻano no ka luku ʻana i ka noho ʻana. Eia kekahi, ʻo nā holoholona i hopu ʻia a kūʻai ʻia no ka ʻai. ʻO ke kūlana o ka mālama ʻūlū tsika he mea liʻiliʻi loa ia o nā ʻano pīhoihoi.
Nānā: ʻO Alouatta seniculus Linnaeus = ʻohuʻula [Red] Howler
Nū Mīkini: Alouatta seniculus Linnaeus = Ginger [Red] Howler
Howler ʻulaʻula, mīkelika ʻulaʻula: Alouatta seniculus Linnaeus, 1766 - noho ma ʻAmelika Hema mai Kolombia a Venezuela. Ua kākau inoa ʻia ʻo Red howler ma Bolivia, Brazil, Kolombia, ʻEkuador, French Guyana, Peru, Suriname a me Venezuela.
ʻO ia ka holoholona nui loa ma waena o nā kaile ʻAmelika, ka nui o nā ʻīlio nui. He kapa ʻole nā maka, nā kāpili ʻana e ka hulu, me nā muzzles kaulana a nā ihu weliweli. He lei ikaika a wīwī a me nā ʻoki o lalo, kahi e hāʻawi ai iā lākou i kahi ʻano weliweli a me nā hua i ʻike ʻole ʻia.
E loaʻa i kahi kapa lole siliki ʻulaʻula loa. Loaʻa kahi huluhulu lōʻihi nā kāne like ʻole, ua uhi ʻia me ka huluhulu palu me ka ʻokoʻa o ka maka o ke kolu o ka apical, ka wahine. He hoʻololi kēia no ka hopu ʻana i nā lālā lāʻau.
E loaʻa nā molowa ʻula i nā molars o luna me nā ʻala nui, kahi a lākou e hoʻohana ai e wili i nā ʻōpala, nā lau kelima nui i kōkua i ka hoʻowalewale ʻana a me ka ʻokiʻoki i nā tannins o nā mea kihi o nā mea kanu i mua o ka hōʻea ʻana o ka meaʻai i ka ʻōpū a me nā ʻoki.
ʻUlaʻulaʻula a waiho ʻia paha ka kala o ke kapa, ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka lihi o kona pale me ka pakeke.
Hōʻike ʻia nā howlers i ka ʻili dimorphism i ka nui o ke kino. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke poʻo a me ke kino o nā wahine he 46-57 cm, nā kāne he 49-72 cm, ka lōʻihi o ka huelo (49-75 cm). I ka awelika, ʻo ka momona o ke kino a howler he 4.5-6.5 kg; e like me nā kumuwaiwai ʻē aʻe, e loli ana ia mai 5700-7400 g, aʻo ka awelika o ke kāne a me nā wahine he 6.690 g a me 5.210 g, ia mau.
Noho ka howler red i ka ua mau ʻōpiopio i ka nahele a me nā ulu lāʻau deciduous.
Hoʻokomo wale: ʻOi pū ka holomua o ka eʻe ʻōpio ʻaʻole i nā ʻōpio wale nō, akā ʻo nā lawaiʻa ʻulaʻula ʻōpio. Aia ka nānā ana i ka wā i haki ai ka harpy i kahi kāne makua, hopu ia me kāna mau puke a lawe i nā mea he 30 mauʻu ma ka lewa. ʻO ka mahalo, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā haʻalulu harpy ma mua o nā kāne kāne.
He nui nā ʻōpio i make mai nā kāne haole e hoʻopio ana i ka ʻohana ʻohana. A ʻoiai nā māmā e hoʻāʻo e pale i kā lākou mau pēpē, ʻo 25 wale nō ka nui o lākou e ola me ka kūleʻa. ʻO Infantide ka kumu nui o ka make pēpē o nā pēpē ʻulaʻula.
ʻIkeʻia, noho kēia mau holoholona i ka noho pio ʻana a hiki i 25 mau makahiki, i ke ʻano - liʻiliʻi loa. Ua ola kekahi holoholona holoholona maoli ma hope o 22.8 mau makahiki i ke pio ʻana.
Howler pīkī - kaulana no kā lākou "chorus dawn": he puʻuli a kamaʻilio hiki ke lohe ʻia ma kahi lōʻihi a hiki i 5 mau kilomita. ʻO kēia kahea ʻana, ke hana nui ʻia e nā kāne o ka pūʻulu, nā ʻāpana ʻē a pau o ke kaikeke ʻoi loa e pane i loko o ka pepeiao. Pēlā, hiki i ka detachment ke hoʻomaopopo mau i ka mea ʻē aʻe e pili ana i kāna mea hoʻonohonoho a me ka wahi kūpono, ka mea e pale aku ai i nā hakakā maikaʻi loa ma muli o ke kīkala a me ka mālama ʻana i nā pono kumu.Eia kekahi, ʻo kēia kelepona e hoʻomaopopo ai i nā holoholona i waiho wale ʻia e pili ana i kahi o ko lākou mau hoa ʻohana.
ʻO ka wili lau ʻemi ma mua loa nā mea ʻai ʻona, e hānai i nā lau ʻōpio a me nā ʻōpio a me nā hua. Loaʻa i nā lau ka liʻiliʻi o nā mea kanu, akā ʻo ke kakaka o ka howler he ʻelua mau wahi ma kahi o nā huakini e hoʻoneʻe i ka cellulose. Noho ka ʻāpana i ka hapakolu o ke kino. Lawelawe pū kekahi i ka pāpale haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa i ka lau. Hiki i nā howler ke ʻai i nā lau i hoʻokahi mau pule no nā hebedoma, me ka loaʻa ʻole o ka loaʻa ʻole o nā mea kanu a i ʻole nā mea lae.
Hoʻomaikaʻi hou nā howler Red i ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana o kā lākou hānai, ke koho mua ʻana i nā ʻōpio ʻōpio maikaʻi loa e hānai nui ana. Eia kekahi, ʻai lākou i nā nati, nā hua momona, a me nā pua inā loaʻa. ʻO nā holoholona liʻiliʻi nā mea ʻai ʻia inā e hopu ʻia e nā moʻo. ʻO kēia mau hānai he mea hoʻohui nui ia i ka meaʻai monkey, ʻo ia hoʻi he 40% ʻōpio uliuli.
Pili ʻo Howlers i ko lākou ola holoʻokoʻa i ka papa kiʻekiʻe o ka mākaukau, kahi a lākou e hānai ai i nā lau, nā pua, a me nā hua. Ma muli o ka haʻahaʻa o ka calorie haʻahaʻa e hoʻopau ai i nā pōpoki, ʻoki ʻia nā kaila ʻulaʻula e hoʻopakele i ko lākou ikehu ma ka neʻe lohi ana a ma o ka ulu lāʻau, e uhi ana wale ana ma kahi o 400 m a i kēia lā. Ke ʻimi nei nā kāne nui i ka ʻai no ka ʻāpana ma ka lei lāʻau.
ʻOi aku ka pīpī mau lālani i ke kakahiaka a me ke ahiahi, ka hoʻomaha mau i ka waena o ke ao a me ka pō, e moe ana ma nā lāʻau. Mahalo i kā lākou hana a me ka lohi, hiki iā lākou ke hiamoe no nā hola 15 i ka lā.
Hoʻohana kēia ʻano ʻili i ka wā e neʻe ai e kākoʻo a mālama i ka kaulike, akā ʻo ka mea e hānai ai, e huki ai i kahi lālā me kahi mālama.
Ma muli o ke ua nui o ka ʻōpū, i ka ua nui, ua uē lākou ma mua o ke hele ʻana, a me ka ua o ka ua, noho lākou me ka neʻe ʻole, a kūwī a hiki i ka ua.
Ma hope koke o ka wanaʻao, hoʻokū ʻia kēlā me kēia hui o nā pōpoki, kahi kiʻekiʻe ma kahi o 20 m ma luna o ka lepo, e hoʻomaʻamaʻa mau ma kahi o 15 mau minuke i ke oli nui ʻana, hana ʻia e hana i kahi hanu, e hoʻolohe i ka hīmeni ʻana o nā pūʻulu o nā kamaliʻi.
E noho ana nā kāne ʻōpio ma waho o ka pana e hele ai lākou i ka wā pahū. Ke ulu ʻana i ka moekolohe, ʻimi nei lākou i kahi papa hou e hui pū me ia. Ke komo nei i kahi detachment hou, pepehi pinepine ke kāne i nā hua āpau o ka mea mua, ke kāne aliʻi, kahi āna i lawe ai i kahi detachment, e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ʻaʻole ia e lilo i ka manawa me ke kolohe, e nānā ana i nā ʻōpio o kekahi monkey, akā e hoʻomau i ka hana.
Noho ka Howlers i nā ʻohana ʻohana o 5-40 kanaka, ma waena o hoʻokahi wale nō, liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi a ʻelua - kāne kāne.
I ka hōʻea ʻana i ka wā pahulu, ua kipaku ʻia nā kāne ʻōpio mai ka ʻohana ʻohana a ua koi ʻia e ʻimi no kahi bipi hou. I ka ʻike ʻia e ʻae ʻia ke kāne, hoʻomaka ʻo ia e ʻokiʻoki i nā keiki ʻōpio, me ka hōʻike ʻana i ka leʻaleʻa i nā hua ʻē aʻe, koe wale nō. Mālama nā makuahine i nā keiki, akā ma kēia hihia, ma hope o ka hoʻoulu ʻana o ke kāne, ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ma mua o 25% o nā mamo a pau ola. Ma hope o ka hānau ʻana, lilo ka pipi i mea nānā i kekahi mau wahine, hana maoli kēlā mau wāhine i hānai ʻole ʻia nāna. ʻAeʻole ka poʻe hoʻohālikelike o kā lākou keiki: e ʻae lākou i nā ʻula e holo pū me lākou.
E like me nā ʻano mea ʻē aʻe, ʻōleʻa lākou i ka makahiki a pau. Eia naʻe, e like me nā nānā ʻana mai Venezuela, liʻiliʻi nā keiki i hānau i loko o ka ua nui mai Mei a hiki i Iulai. Hōʻike pinepine ʻia nā huki a Estral i kēlā me kēia 16-20 mau lā, a noho ʻole nā wahine i ka mare ʻana a me ka noʻonoʻo no nā lā 2-4.
Ma hope o ka hānau ʻana, lilo nā pēpē i kumu nui o ka nānā ʻana i kekahi mau wahine i haku ʻia i ka pūʻulu. ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻo kēia mau wahine me ka ʻole o kā lākou pēpē, a he hoihoi kā lākou ʻano i kēia mau pēpē. He ʻoluʻolu loa nā wahine i nā pēpē. ʻO ka maʻa mau lākou i kekahi manawa e ʻae ka pēpē ma luna o lākou.
ʻO ka lawena lawaiʻa o nā pōpoki ulaula kekahi mea hoihoi o kā lākou pilina pili ʻana. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā kāne a me nā wahine i kahi kapa moe, me ka pili ʻole o ka pilina spatial, ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o kahi pilina. Ke hana ʻia nei kēia mau pilina, hoʻomau nā noi a me nā hana hoʻokaumaha. ʻOiai he hiki ke hana ʻia nā hana hoʻopunipuni e nā kāne like ʻole, ʻoiai ka wahine i hāpai pinepine i ka hana paʻakikī. Ke hoʻāʻo nei e huki i ke kāne, hoʻokokoke ʻo ka wahine iā ia a neʻe me ka neʻe me ka pelvis. Pane pinepine ke kāne iā ia ma ke ʻano like, akā inā ʻaʻole ia e hana i kēlā mau ʻano, e hoʻāʻo wale ka wahine e hoʻowalewale i kekahi kāne.
ʻIke pinepine ʻia ka hoʻokūkū moe wahine ma waena o nā kāne, nā lālā o ka pume, e pili ana i nā kāne ʻōpio ua hana ʻia, hele mai me nā kāne e noho nei i ka wahine (hui pū ʻia) i loko o kahi ho'āʻo e lilo i lālā. Pono nā poʻe ʻehue i kipaku ʻia mai kā lākou hui i kahi i hānau ai lākou, i kēia manawa i hiki i ka wā kahiko, pono nō e huehue i kekahi kahua ʻē aʻe i mea e loaʻa ai nā wahine. Inā kūleʻa lākou, maʻamau, ʻo ka mea mua loa, e luku i ka poʻe keiki hou i koe i ka hui mai ke kāne ma mua, me ka pahuhopu e waiho wale i kā lākou hua.
Kahuli: 140-190 lā. Ua hānau ʻia hoʻokahi kū hoʻokahi, akā ʻike nā hihia ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā māhoe. ʻO ke kaumaha o nā pēpē i ka wā hānau, ʻo 263 g. ʻAʻohe mau keiki hou i ka pale ʻia a aia ma lalo o ka mālama a ko lākou makuahine, ke paʻa pono nei i kāna hulu i loko o kona ʻōpū. I ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, ua pōkole ʻo ia i ka mea, ua neʻe ʻo ia i ka kua o kona makuahine, ʻo ka hoʻēmi ʻana i kona huelo i ke kumu o ka huelo o kona makuahine, a me ia hoʻi nā huakaʻi me ke alo o ka ulu lāʻau.
ʻO nā pēpē hou e lilo i kumu nui o ka nānā ʻana o nā wahine ʻē, ʻoi aku hoʻi i ka poʻe me kā lākou mau pēpē. Paʻa pinepine nā wahine i ka pēpē me ko lākou mau pu a me nā lima, a paipai i kā lākou mau hana inā makemake ka pēpē e piʻi ma luna o lākou.
ʻAe i ka makahiki o ko lākou ʻike ke ʻike pehea e hopu ai i nā lālā me kā lākou huelo, a mai ia manawa ua emi iki ka makuahine i ko lākou palekana. Noho nā kamaliʻi ma ko lākou mau makuahine no ka liʻiliʻi o hoʻokahi makahiki a hoʻomau lākou e ʻai i ka waiū umauma no 18-24 mahina. Hiki i nā wahine i ka wā kamaliʻi ma 5 mau makahiki, nā kāne i 7. No laila, komo nā wahine i ka hana hou ʻana i ʻelua mau makahiki ma mua o nā kāne.
ʻO ka howler ʻōpala maʻamau ka maʻamau o nā primates a pau o ka Honua Hou a ʻaʻohe ona kūlana palekana. He maʻamau a maʻamau paha lākou ma Brazil, akā i kekahi mau wahi ua lilo lākou i mea liʻiliʻi, manaʻo paha ma muli o ka luku ʻia ʻana o ko lākou wahi noho.
ʻIke paha ʻoe he moʻo noisiest primate he howler monkey? ʻO nā ʻelele Kolombia a me nā leo nui hoʻokūkū o kēia mau holoholona iʻoi aku ka weliweli ma luna o nā mea lanakila. ʻAe, ʻae nō, aia paha iā ʻoe e kuhihewa - ua loaʻa i ka howler kona inoa no kahi kumu. Kani kēia holoholona no kona lulu lōʻihi a leo nui. Paʻi ka ʻūlū ʻana o ka Howler i ke kakahiaka a me ke ahiahi. Hoʻāla ʻia ka uwē e nā kāne, a ʻo nā wahine wahine ke ʻili i ka makemake o nā kāne howler.
ʻO Howlers nā ʻelele nui loa o nā ʻohana pnhi kaulahao, i kapa ʻia ʻo capuchins. Lawe ʻia nā hana nui i ke ola ma ke ʻano he 2 mau mea: hānai a ʻaihue. I ka pō, hiamoe nā mākeke. ʻOiaʻiʻo, i kekahi manawa uwele lākou i ka moeʻuhane. ʻO nā ʻauhau e pili ana i kēia mau holoholona hoihoi.
Howlers (lat.Aloautta) - he ʻano o nā moʻo nā kini nui o ka ʻohana Arachnids (Atelidae). Noho noho i ka ua a me nā kuahiwi o Central a me ʻAmelika Hema, e noho nui ana ma nā lāʻau. Noho ʻo Howlers i nā ʻohana ʻohana 15-18 kanaka pū kekahi. ʻO ka lau maʻamau ka lau, nā hua, a me nā pua. ʻO ka mea kaulana loa nā mea pīpī luʻu (Venezuela a me Guiana) a me Central Howler (Mexico a me nā ʻāpana ʻākau o ʻAmelika Hema.
Penetrating, kokoke i nā maka o ke kanaka, me he mea lā e komo i ka hohonu o ka ʻuhane. ʻIke ʻia ka ʻike ʻana o ka holoholona i ka interlocutor me ka ʻole o ka huaʻōlelo hoʻokahi. He kūpono lākou no ka mālama ʻana i ka home, akā ke manaʻo nei lākou e kaohi ʻia a hōʻeha pinepine ʻia. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi inā ke ola nei ka howler monkey i kahi pōʻai piha, ʻaʻole i loko o kahi pā.
ʻO ka moʻolelo Howler kekahi o nā mōʻī nui nui loa o Brazil. Loaʻa iā ia kona inoa mai ka puʻuhū puʻuwai puʻu i hiki ke lohe ʻia no nā mau hola he nui a puni. Ma muli o ka hale, hiki i ke kapa ke loaʻa kahi ʻulaʻula, māmā a ʻeleʻele paha, ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele.
ʻAʻohe kahi lauoho ma luna o kahi muzzle, pālahalaha ka iwi, ua pālahalaha iki. ʻO ka primate nā pīhoihoi hoihoi, hiki iā ʻoe ke kiʻi i nā niu a inu i ka waiū a wai wai paha. ʻO ka ʻaoʻao o lalo o ka muzzle e kiʻi ʻia e kahi ʻumiʻumi maikaʻi. Pono kēlā me kēia wāwae e pā aiʻelima mauʻu. He ʻōhule ka hope o ka huʻu ma muli o kona hoʻohana pinepine ʻana; ua ʻike ʻia nā kumu pākana a me nā hiʻohiʻona hana i loaʻa ma ka lōʻihi holoʻokoʻa.
Ma muli o ke kūlapa o ka ʻāʻī i ka ʻūʻī ʻana o ka moʻo. ʻOhi lākou i ka wai lawai a me ka ea, i ka wā e hoʻāhu ai, ua hui ʻia, a me ka nui ʻana ka mākaʻi. Kekahi mea e like me nā resonator o ka ʻike kūlohelohe.
Monika howler e ke ʻano he holoholona mālie, ikaika i ka lā. ʻO kā lākou kaumaha maʻamau i kēlā me kēia lā he mākaʻikaʻi o ke kula, a implicitly hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻai i ka ʻono. I ka pō hiamoe lākou i mua, akā ʻaʻole i hoʻōho ka poʻe kāne i ka walaʻau ʻana i ka pō. Noho nā Primates i nā ʻohana ʻohana, kahi helu mai 15 a 17 paha.
Ma ka pūʻulu o nā pūʻulu he aliʻi hoʻokahi a ʻo kāna kuhina, he nui nā wāhine i ko lākou papa. ʻAe ka wahine iā ʻoe e hoʻomaopopo i ka mākaukau no ka moekolohe. Inā ʻaʻole mākaukau ka kāne nui, a laila hoʻololi ʻo ia i kahi mea kōkua. He ʻīlio i manaʻo ai i nā kāne howler e wehewehe maopopo i kēia ko lākou wahi. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻohe ʻāpana ʻokoʻa, pinepine nā kaua i waena o nā poʻo o nā pūʻulu. I kēlā mau kaua like ʻole, make nā kāne he nui. Kū ka hakakā i kekahi manawa ma muli o ka neʻe ʻana o ka wahine i kahi kāne mai kekahi hui kū. He mea paʻakikī loa nā hakakā, a ʻo ka mea lanakila ke hoʻopau mau i ka mea nāna.
ʻO kēia manawa hou, ua hoʻopuka nā poʻe ʻepekema i nā hopena o nā noi ʻana o ka ʻūhā e kani ana o ka howler. Ke ʻōlelo nei lākou, e hana ana ka iwi hyoid ma ke kiko. ʻOi ka nui, ʻo ka ikaika ka lulu. Ua nānā pū nā ʻepekema ʻepekema i ka pilina pili ma waena o ka nui o ke kani a me ka nui o nā ʻōpū o ka primate. Inā hoʻopaʻa pinepine ka holoholona i nā manawa lōʻihi, a laila ʻae wale kēia e ʻike i nā mea kūikawā keu ʻole, e like me ke kāne. A me ka uē mau ʻo ia i kapa hou i ka wahine ʻoi aku ka manawa.
Hiki i nā kāne ke komo i kahi aneane hoʻokahi mita. ʻO kā lākou huelo ka like o ka like. He hiʻohiʻona ʻokoʻa nona: ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka huelo o ka ʻaoʻao ma loko, aia kahi hoʻolālā me ka huluhulu me nā hiʻohiʻona a me nā combs ma ka ʻili. Mahalo iā lākou, ʻo ka howler monkey e hana ai i kēlā me kēia luhi me ka ʻoihana e like me ka lima ʻē aʻe. Me ke kōkua o ia mea, ua hopu lākou a ʻohi i nā hua, nā lau, lūlū a me ka "akahele" i ka hoahānau, hoʻokau i nā pēpē. Pēlā ikaika ka huelo e hiki ai ke kākoʻo i ke kaumaha o ke kino o ka holoholona i ka wā e kau ai i lalo. ʻO ka mahele haʻahaʻa a me nā ʻaoʻao o ka poʻe howlers he ʻelima mau lima alima e neʻe ana me nā kui pā.
Ke nānā nei i nā makika howler, ʻo ka mea mua, ua makaʻala ʻoe i ke poʻo me kahi helehelena lauoho ʻaʻole me nā ʻumiʻumi. ʻO ka nui ka laryngeal pēpē pono ʻia. ʻO kā lākou "lole" ke kūlike o ka mane ʻeleʻele, brown, ʻulaʻula, keleawe-ʻulaʻula ʻolo. Ke lele ikaika a me nā ʻāʻī e nānā i mua, e hoʻohālikelike i kēlā.
ʻO ka papaʻai nui o ka wīwī wīwī he deciduous greenery o nā kumulāʻau, pua, nā hua, nā hua, nā ʻōpio ʻōpio a me nā pua. I kekahi manawa hiki iā ʻoe ke nānā i ke kīpē ʻana o ka waiwai ma mua o kona waha.
Me kēia, hoʻāʻo ʻo ia e hoʻokaʻawale i nā waiwai ʻona o kekahi mau mea kanu. Hoʻākoakoa ka minamina huapalapala i nā mea momona a, me ka ʻole ka hoʻopilikia ʻana, ua hele a pau i ke kino. No ka mea he loea nā mole, a ʻaʻole hāʻawi ka mea kanu i ka nui o ka ikehu, ʻaʻole hele lākou i kahi lōʻihi. Hoʻohana ʻia ka mana āpau no nā mākaʻikaʻi o kēlā me kēia lā. Hiki iā ʻoe ke nānā i ke ʻano o nā kaile i nā lua lua i ka ʻōpala lāʻau a huki i ka wai wai, nā mea waiwai i nā mea momona (nā mea momona), nā huaora a me nā ʻāpana.
Ma hope o ka moe ʻana, alakaʻi ka wahine i kahi ʻano liʻiliʻi i ka pale, hoʻāʻo ʻo ia e pale iā ia iho i ka hiki. Loaʻa i kahi māka o 190 mau lā, ʻaʻole loaʻa nā māhoe. Ma hope koke o ka hānau keiki ʻana, hoʻopili ke pēpē i ka lole o ka makuahine a noho maoli ʻo ia ma luna. ʻAno kēia maʻa māmā e haʻalele i ka makua a hiki iā ia ke hele pū me ia mai 18 a 24 mau mahina. Hānau ka wahine i ka pēpē me ka waiū waiū, he makuahine maikaʻi loa ia - mālama a mālama. Inā liʻuliʻu ke keiki no kahi pōkole, a laila ʻōlelo mau ka makua iā ia. I ka wā e hiki ai ka pēpē i ka wā o ka ʻōpio, ua hoʻowalewale ka makuahine i ka hana kipi iā ia. ʻAʻole maikaʻi ka ʻike, no ka mea e hoʻomau mau nei ka moʻo e hoʻi, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā waimaka. Hoʻokuʻu pinepine ʻia nā ʻōpio kāne ʻōpiopio o ka moʻo Howler mai kā lākou kamaʻāina kūlike a he wahi ʻole ʻia. ʻAʻole hoʻi he mea maʻamau ka mea ʻōpio e make i nā hakakā ikaika.
Hōʻike nā Primates i kā lākou kākoʻo a me ke aloha ma o ka uhai ʻana i ko lākou huelo lōʻihi. Hoʻohana lākou ia i loko o ka pilina a me ke kahu no kahi pēpē hilahila. ʻO ka ʻike leʻaleʻa, he lālani nui o nā kaomi he nui i ʻōhola, me nā waha hāmama, e hāʻawi ana i ke kakahiaka ʻoi kakahiaka.
Hoʻaiho
Loaʻa kēia ʻano o nā kaile i ka nā nāhelehele o nā nāhele ʻihi o nā mauna ma Central and Latin America. Noho lākou i nā pua nui. ʻO ka pinepine o nā ʻike ʻike ʻia i nā lāʻau kiʻekiʻe. Ma hope o nā mea āpau, aia i laila ka nui o nā meaʻai i ke ʻano o nā pua, nā lau succulent hou, nā pua, nā hua, nā kumu o kā lākou ʻai.
Nā ʻlerslapa o nā Howlers
Ma kēlā me kēia lā, i ka wā e aʻe ai ka lā, e hele ana kekahi pūʻulu he 40 mau kānaka i ka "kahua hoʻokūkū" - nā pihi o nā lāʻau nui. ʻO ka mea mua, noho mālie howler monkey noho maʻalahi a hilinaʻi. Hoʻopaʻa paʻa lākou i nā manamana ma hope, a ʻo ka ʻili ua paʻa a paʻa a puni nā lālā paʻa. Ma hope o kahi hōʻailona maʻamau, hoʻomaka nā "soloists" - nā kāne ulu i ke kani i ka piko o kā lākou pūpū. He ʻano ʻano koa kaulana kēia, i ka manawa a kēlā me kēia, e puhi ana i kona ʻāʻī, ke kani ʻana, a me ka nānā pono aku ʻana i nā hoahānau. Ma hope o kekahi manawa, ʻo nā mau molo maoli he nui, e hoʻōho ana i nā "soloists", e hui pū me kahi poʻe mele nui. Uwe nui lākou no ʻekolu a ʻehā mau minuke a ʻoi hoʻi me ka leo a me ka ikaika loa e pālahalaha ana ke kani no nā kilomita. A laila e hemo ka "mele", hiki i ke kiko kiʻekiʻe loa. Aia ka noho kuikahi iki, kahi e hānai ai i ka howler monkey, e hōʻiliʻili i ka ikaika no ka uwō hou.
I ke ahiahi, he pipi o nā capuchins e hele ana i nā nahele no ka ʻaina awakea. A i ke ahiahi, ʻōlelo hou kā lākou kāhea i nā kai a puni. ʻO nā mea hele e ʻike a lohe i nā pōloli, e wehewehe ana i kā lākou "ʻenehana" i kā lākou huakaʻi huakaʻi, e nīnau no lākou iā lākou iho i nā nīnau: no ke aha e kani nui ai nā holoholona a he aha ke kumu o ko lākou kakahiaka a me ke ahiahi. Ua pane koke ʻia ka nīnau mua ma hope o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ke ʻano o ka howler. Ka mea i lilo ka hana a lākou laryngeal i ka hana resonators. No laila, hoʻonui ʻia nā leo i hana ʻia e nā luna o kēia ʻohana i nā manawa he nui, e lilo ana i leo a ikaika. Akā e pili ana i ke kumu o nā hea a kēia poʻe kanaka, ua nui kekahi manaʻo kuhi. ʻO ka mea mua, ʻo ka makaʻu o ka ʻenemi e pono ai. ʻO ka lua ʻo kahi palapala noi no nā ʻāina a lākou i noho ai, he ʻano mele like mele like ʻole. Me he mea ʻole kou makemake i ka leka e pili ana i kēia mau mea hoihoi a ʻaʻole i aʻo pono i nā ʻelele o nā Capuchins.
Howler ʻulaʻula, a i ʻole howler (lat.Alouatta seniculus) - kekahi o nā ʻano o nā loina ākea ākea (Platyrrhini).
Nā ʻāwīwī ulaula, e like me ka hapa nui o nā makimeka, ua hoʻomohala i ka noho pilikino. Hoʻohui ʻia nā ʻelele o kēia ʻano ʻano i nā hui ʻelima o iwakālua mau kanaka. E alakaʻi ʻia ka pūʻulu e ke kāne kahiko. Ua koi ʻia nā kāne ʻelemakule ʻē aʻe ke ʻano o ke alakaʻi o ka pūʻulu, no laila e kū pinepine ka hakaka no ka hoʻokūkū ma waena o nā kāne.
ʻO nā ʻōpala ʻulaʻula he holoholona make ʻole. Holo mālie lākou i nā kumulāʻau a ma waena o lākou, e uhi ana i kahi mamao o 400 mika i kēlā me kēia lā. Hoʻonui nui i ke kakahiaka a me ke ahiahi. ʻO ka pō lākou e hiamoe ai i nā kumulāʻau. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka kāne he 85-100 cm; ʻo ka lōʻihi o nā wahine he 74-89 cm. ʻO nā kaupaona he 6.5 a 8 kg, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā wahine, ʻoi aku ka momona o ka 4,5 a 6.4 kg.
ʻO ka papa ʻai ka mea kanu, nā kumulāʻau lāʻau, nā ʻano like ʻole, nā hua a me nā pua.Hoʻopili maikaʻi ʻia ke kōpona o ka Howler ʻulaʻula i nā mea kanu: ua lōʻihi loa, loaʻa nā huina kūikawā e kōkua ana i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā meaʻai ikaika. Loaʻa i ka howler Red e loaʻa ai kahi hanana hoʻoulu kūikawā, hoʻololi pinepine nā hoa. Hoʻohui ka lā hānau ʻana o ka makahiki 186-194. Aia hoʻokahi pā i ka litter. Mālama ka makuahine i ka pēpē mai 18 a 24 mau mahina.
ʻO nā kāne makua ke alakaʻi o ka hui. Hiki iā lākou ke hana i nā pūʻulu hou a i ʻole e ho'āʻo e hoʻokahuli i nā kāne alakaʻi. ʻO ka makahiki puberty mai ka 3.5 a 4 mau makahiki. Ua ʻike ʻia kekahi mau ʻepekema a he 9 subspecies o ka howler red: Alouatta seniculus seniculus, A. s. arctoidea, A. s. lakiko, A. s. macconnelli, A. s. insulanus, A. s. amazonica, A. s. juara, A. s. puruensis a me A. s. sara. Kuhi ʻia ka hapa nui o lākou me ka like ʻole me nā subspecies ʻē aʻe. ʻLelo ʻia e A. s. ʻāhaʻi.
He mea maʻamau ka Red howler mai Kolombia i ka Amazon a mai ʻEukake a hiki i Bolivia waena. Ke kūlana mālama nei o nā ʻano - ma muli o ka hopohopo nui (English Least Concern).
Howler ʻAmelika ʻAmelika (lat.Alouatta pigra) - kahi moʻohelu mai ka ʻohana o nā arachnids. Loaʻa ia ma nā ululā o ka ua o Belize, Guatemala a me Mexico.
ʻO ka poʻe howler pūnaewele ʻoi loa ka nui o nā ʻano lawaiʻa a me kekahi o nā primates nui loa o ka Honua Hou. ʻO nā keiki maoli o kēia mau ʻano ka nui o nā poʻo mua o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. ʻO ke kaumaha o nā kāne ma ka awelika 11.4 kg; ke kaupaona nei o nā wahine i ka 6,4 kg. ʻO ke kino kino mai 521 a 639 mm. ʻO ka loa o ka huelo mai 590 a 690 mm. He lōʻihi ka lole, ʻeleʻele. ʻAno keʻa kālai. ʻO ke kapa o nā pēpē hou, ʻeleʻele ia; ʻO nā keiki ma mua o nā mahina ʻehā he keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo.
Ua hāhai ʻia i ka Morologia e kanu i nā meaʻai. ʻO ka molars ka lihi ʻoki kiʻekiʻe, e kōkua ana i kēia mau holoholona e uwahi i nā lau. He iwi nui i ka iwi hyoid, e lawelawe ana i ka wā e hoʻopuka ana i nā ʻano kaniā nui, ʻike ʻia e nā ʻelele o nā ʻohana ʻoi.
Nā holoholona lāʻau o ke ao. Koho i nā hui liʻiliʻi, i hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha kāne kāne, ʻo ka ʻāpana o ka nui o nā kāne i ka helu o nā kāne ma ʻelele 1,3. I ka hui, maʻamau mai 2 a 16 ka poʻe hoʻokahi, e komo pū me nā holoholona ʻōpio. Aia ka palena o ka pūʻulu mai ka 3 a hiki i 25 ha. Hiki i ka lehulehu o ka lehulehu i ka 250 mau kānaka no km km.
ʻO ka papaʻai ka hapanui o nā lau a me nā huaʻai, hoʻohui ʻia e nā pua a me nā hua.
Hiki i nā wahine i ka wā pahū ma ke ʻano he 4 makahiki, ʻoi aku nā kāne, ma ka makahiki he 6-8 mau makahiki. I ka hiki ʻana aku i ka wā ʻōpiopio, haʻalele nā kāne i ka hui, noho mau nā wahine. Hāpai ka ola i nā makahiki 20.
ʻO ka helehelena o ka howler
Ua nui ka nui o ke kino o nā māka: i nā kāne ka lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi o ke kino he 63 cm, a i loko hoʻi nā wahine - 46-60 cm. Aia ke poʻo a ikaika, ʻo ka lōʻihi o 60-70 cm i nā kāne, a he 55-66 cm i nā wahine. kaupaona nā kāne 5-10 kg a ʻo nā wahine 3-8 kg. ʻO nā puka ākea a me nā niho nui he kanakolukumamāono e hāʻawi i ka holoholona holoholona. ʻEleʻele nā kala ʻo Colombian i ka waihoʻoluʻu i ka waihoʻoluʻu, ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua o ke kino, e like me ka moekue, ulu i ka lauoho gula-ʻulaʻula lōʻihi.
I ka pau ʻana o ka ʻoi a paʻa i ka lauoho ululāʻau, kahi o ka monkey e hoʻohana ai e hopu. I nā kāne pākeke, loli ke kala o ke aniani mai ka ʻeleʻele i ke keʻokeʻo. He lōʻihi kahi ʻumiʻumi Males, e hoʻokaʻawale iā lākou mai nā wahine. Hōʻike nā wahi Hairless e nā pepeiao, nā maka, nā palaka a me nā wāwae.
ʻO Howler kekahi o nā moʻo pōʻino loa i ke kanaka. ʻAʻole wale lākou e makaʻu i nā kānaka. Kuhi loa, maʻamau lākou i ka iho mai nā lāʻau kiʻekiʻe.
Ma kahi e noho ai ka howler ke kani leo nui
ʻO kahi o nā wahi noho o kēia mau mele kahi iʻa lāʻau o nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe. ʻAʻohe wahi kaʻawale ma nā ʻāina kuahiwi a me nā pae mauna. ʻO kahi mea hou nei, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka nui o ka lele ʻana i nā kahe i nā mea kanu kākala, ʻo ia hoʻi - ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o Mexico.
ʻO ka mea hoʻonani kikowaena o ka larynx e hāʻawi i ka howler kūlohelohe pono. Pēlā nō, pili kēia luhi i ke ʻano o ka primate.
He aha nā ka pēpē i kai ai
He ʻokoʻa ʻē ka ʻai ʻana o kēia mau holoholona: hoʻomaka me nā pua a hoʻopau i nā nahe nui. Makemake lākou i nā mammals, nā manu, a me nā mea hihiu. I nā ua maloʻo, ʻaʻole e hāʻawi nā huaʻai o nā hua. I ka lā, hiki i ka holoholona ke ʻai i nā lau he nui, kanu nā mea kanu a me nā hua. Hoʻokumu ʻia kā lākou ʻōpū i kahi ʻano e hoʻomaʻamaʻa maikaʻi a wikiwiki hoʻi i ka cellulose. Mahalo i kēia, hiki i ka holoholona ke ʻai no nā hebedoma wale nō nā lau a me nā pua, ʻoiai e nele ai ke kino i nā micronutrients.
Nō ka leo nui ke kani ʻana
E like me kāu e ʻike ai, ʻike nā mea uwele i ka lā. Hoʻohana lākou i ka hapa nui o ko lākou manawa i nā lāʻau. I ka hoʻomaha, noho ka mōʻī i ka 75% o kona manawa. ʻO ke koena o ka manawa e ʻike ai ka mea hana manuʻai e hānai. I nā kū maloʻo, e hana nā holoholona i nā nalu a me nā neʻe. ʻO kēia ke kumu nui o ka emi ʻana o nā wahiʻai. Kōkua ka lāahi iā lākou e neʻe a holo i waena o nā kumulāʻau, hopu lākou i ka meaʻai. Noho lākou i nā pūʻulu a i ʻole nā ʻohana, ʻaʻole e kūkulu i nā nests, ʻoi aku ka noho ʻana ma nā lālā o nā papa luna. ʻAʻole lākou makemake e iho i lalo i ka honua, makaʻu lākou i ka ʻauʻau.
ʻO ka ʻike ʻana i kahi mea hoʻopihapiha ma ka honua he ʻike maʻalahi.
Howler hoʻopoloʻi
Aia a ʻulaʻula nā lehelehe wahine a ka wahine, ʻike nā kāne: ua hiki mai ka manawa no ka hana hānai. Kahi ʻia ka hopohopo ma waena o kēia manawa. ʻAe ka wahine i ka kāne me ke ʻano hula. Hoʻopili ka wahine i hoʻokahi pā, nona ka 400-500 g. He ʻāpana hina a hina ke kala, a i aniani nā kele. A hiki i 6 mau mahina, ʻaʻole kahele o ke keiki me kona makuahine a ma ka makahiki wale nō e hoʻokō ai i kāna mau kuʻuna kūʻokoʻa.
Pehea e aʻo ai nā mea māmā iā lākou i ka ulu ʻana o nā lāʻau.
He pono a me ka hōʻino i nā kānaka
ʻAʻohe mea pōʻino mai kēia mau holoholona i ke kanaka. Akā ʻo ka pōmaikaʻi, ʻo ka ʻai ʻana o ka makaʻāina i ka ʻiʻo howler. Aia no kekahi e hoʻohana ʻia nei nā kaile ʻana i nā mea ʻepekema.
ʻO ka holoholona i kēia lā aia ma ka hope o kahi i pau. Ua kau inoa ʻia ka howler ma nā CITES Convention ma kahi o ka nui o ka pau ʻana o kona mau helu. ʻO kekahi o nā pilikia e hoʻopili nei i kēia maʻi maʻi kūikawā i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka lele parasit ma luna o ka ʻūhā howler.
Mālama wale.
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